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African Cities and the Development Conundrum <UN> International Development Policy Editor-in-Chief Gilles Carbonnier /Ugo Panizza Guest Editors Carole Ammann Till Förster volume 10 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/idp <UN> Editorial Board Marc Bacchetta (Counsellor, Economic Research and Statistics Division, wto, Geneva, Switzerland) Jean-François Bayart (Professor of Anthropology and Sociology of Development, The Graduate Institute Geneva, Switzerland) Gilles Carbonnier (Vice-President of the icrc, Geneva, Switzerland) Carlos Casas Trogodara (Professor of Economics, Universidad del Pacifico and Director of Center for Studies in Mining and Sustainability, Peru) Francis Cheneval (Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of Zurich, Switzerland) Suren Erkman (Head, Industrial Ecology Group, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Switzerland) Marcela Eslava (Associate Professor, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia) Till Förster (Professor of Anthropology, Institute of Social Anthropology, University of Basel, Switzerland) Ricardo Fuentes-Nieva (ceo, Oxfam, Mexico) Inge Kaul (Adjunct professor, Hertie School of Governance, Berlin, Germany) Xiaoyun Li (Dean of the College of Humanities and Development Studies, China Agricultural University and Chief Senior Advisor, International Poverty Reduction Center, China) Pamela Martin (Professor of Political Science and Geography, Coastal Carolina University, usa) Katharina Michaelowa (Professor of Political Science, the Institute for Political Science (ipz), University of Zurich, and Director of the Center for Comparative and International Studies (cis), Switzerland) Hassan Mshinda (Director, Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (costech)) Patrick Osakwe (Head, Trade and Poverty Branch Division for Africa, ldcs and Special Programmes, unctad, Geneva, Switzerland) Dennis Rodgers (Professor of International Development Studies, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) Jésus Seade (Professor of Economics and Associate Vice-President for Global Affairs, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen, China) Elizabeth Sidiropoulos (Chief Executive, South African Institute of Interntional Affairs, South Africa) Mahaman Tidjani Alou (Doyen de la Faculté des sciences économiques et juridiques, Enseignant chercheur en science politique, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niger) Jorge Alberto Restrepo Torres (Associate Professor, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia) James Zhan (Director, Division on Investment and Enterprise, unctad, Geneva, Switzerland) Depty Editor-in-Chief and Director Christophe Gironde Editor Graziella Moraes Silva Managing Editor Frances Rice Research and Communication Officer Maren Schulte Figure layout & technical editing Marie Thorndahl Copy editing Dave Brooks Cover Photo Till Förster Visit International Development Policy and associated documents online http://devpol.org. <UN> International Development Policy Previous Titles Africa: 50 Years of Independence, No. 1, Geneva: Graduate Institute Publications, 2010, issn print 1663–9383 | issn online 1663–9405 | ean 9782940415274. Energy and Development, No. 2, Basingstoke/Geneva: Palgrave Macmillan/Graduate Institute Publications, 2011, ean 9780230282483. Aid, Emerging Economies and Global Policies, No. 3, Basingstoke/Geneva: Palgrave Macmillan/Graduate Institute Publications, 2012, ean 9781137003409. Religion and Development, No. 4, Basingstoke/Geneva: Palgrave Macmillan/Graduate Institute Publications, 2013, ean 9781137329370. Education, Learning, Training: Critical Issues for Development, No. 5, Leiden|Boston/Geneva: Brill Nijhoff/Graduate Institute Publications, 2014, ean 9789004281141. Large-Scale Land Acquisitions, Focus on South-East Asia, No. 6, Leiden|Boston/Geneva: Brill Nijhoff/Graduate Institute Publications 2015, ean 9789004304741. Combining Economic and Political Development, The Experience of mena, No. 7 Leiden|Boston/Geneva: Brill Nijhoff/Graduate Institute Publications 2017, ean 9789004336452. Development as a Battlefield, No. 8 Leiden|Boston/Geneva: Brill Nijhoff/Graduate Institute Publications 2017, ean 9789004349520. Alternative Pathways to Sustainable Development Lessons from Latin America, No. 9 Leiden|Boston/Geneva: Brill Nijhoff/Graduate Institute Publications 2017, ean 9789004351660. THE GRADUATE INSTITUTE | GENEVA Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement Research Office P.O. Box 1672 CH–1211 Geneva 1 Switzerland [email protected] http://www.graduateinstitute.ch/home/research/publications.html <UN> African Cities and the Development Conundrum Edited by Carole Ammann Till Förster leiden | boston <UN> This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC License at the time of publication, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. Cover illustration: Street scene in Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire, courtesy Till Förster (2015). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Ammann, Carole, editor. | Förster, Till, editor. Title: African cities and the development conundrum / edited by Carole Ammann, Till Forster. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2018] | Series: International development policy, ISSN 1663-9383 ; Volume 10 | Includes index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018040919 (print) | LCCN 2018041920 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004387942 (E-book) | ISBN 9789004387928 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Urbanization--Africa. | Urban policy--Africa. | City planning--Africa. Classification: LCC HT384.A35 (ebook) | LCC HT384.A35 A3195 2018 (print) | DDC 307.76096--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018040919 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1663-9383 ISBN 978-90-04-38792-8 (paperback) ISBN 978-90-04-38794-2 (e-book) Copyright 2018 by the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. Koninklijke Brill NV reserves the right to protect the publication against unauthorized use and to authorize dissemination by means of offprints, legitimate photocopies, microform editions, reprints, translations, and secondary information sources, such as abstracting and indexing services including databases. Requests for commercial re-use, use of parts of the publication, and/or translations must be addressed to Koninklijke Brill NV. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. <UN> Contents Foreword ix Preface x List of Illustrations xi Acronyms and Abbreviations xiii Notes on Contributors xv Part 1 Introduction 1 African Cities and the Development Conundrum: Actors and Agency in the Urban Grey Zone 3 Till Förster and Carole Ammann 2 The Politics of Governing African Urban Spaces 26 Edgar Pieterse Part 2 Urban Governance 3 Urban Governance in Africa: An Overview 55 Warren Smit 4 Informal Governance: Comparative Perspectives on Co-optation, Control and Camouflage in Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda 78 Claudia Baez Camargo and Lucy Koechlin 5 Why is Co-management of Parks Not Working in Johannesburg? The Difficult Reframing of State Mandate and Practices in the Post-Apartheid Era 101 Claire Bénit-Gbaffou <UN> viii Contents Part 3 Planning, Politics and the Urban Grey Zone 6 Online Representation of Sustainable City Initiatives in Africa: How Inclusive? 139 Ton Dietz 7 Incremental Dependencies: Politics and Ethics of Claim-making at the Fringes of Windhoek, Namibia 162 Lalli Metsola 8 Towards an Integrative Approach to Spatial Transformation Addressing Contextual and Spatial Indifference in Design, Urban Planning and International Cooperation: A Case Study from Addis Ababa 188 Sascha Delz 9 Accra’s Decongestion Policy: Another Face of Urban Clearance or Bulldozing Approach? 213 Aba O. Crentsil and George Owusu Part 4 The Rural-Urban Continuum 10 The Africa Problem of Global Urban Theory: Re-conceptualising Planetary Urbanisation 231 Garth Myers 11 Urban Identities and Belonging: Young Men’s Discourses about Pikine (Senegal) 254 Sebastian Prothmann 12 The City and Its Ways of Life: Local Influences on Middle-Income Milieus in Nairobi 275 Florian Stoll 13 Urbanisation and the Political Geographies of Violent Struggle for Power and Control: Mining Boomtowns in Eastern Congo 302 Karen Büscher Index 325 <UN> Foreword We are pleased to introduce this new thematic issue of International Develop- ment Policy. This issue, number 10, explores some of the complex development challenges associated with Africa’s relatively recent and rapidly-progressing urbanisation. Analysing urban settings through the diverse experiences and perspectives of inhabitants and stakeholders in cities from Addis Ababa and Johannesburg to mid-sized cities such as the mining boomtowns of Eastern Congo, this collection of articles invites readers to ponder the evolution of in- ternational development policy responses across the region. The contributions are organised in four parts. Part one includes an introduc- tion by the guest editors, Carole Amman and Till Förster, and a scene-setting chapter by Edgar Pieterse. Part two looks at urban governance and is followed by chapters addressing policy, planning and informality in part three.
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