Dr. Paris Svoronos, Professor of Chemistry Queensborough Community College of CUNY

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Dr. Paris Svoronos, Professor of Chemistry Queensborough Community College of CUNY

THE LONG ISLAND SUBSECTION OF THE NEW YORK AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY Proudly presents Dr. Paris Svoronos, Professor of Chemistry Queensborough Community College of CUNY Title of Talk: “Otto Diels- An apolitical chemist, a grand teacher and the 1950 Nobel Prize winner: Celebrating his 145th Year Birth Anniversary” Synopsis: Otto Paul Hermann Diels (1876‐1954) was born in Hamburg, studied chemistry at the University of Berlin and earned his doctorate under Emil Fischer (1899). His first academic position was at his alma mater where he eventually became a professor and the chair of its department. He eventually moved to the University of Kiel (1916) where he became the director of its Institute of Chemistry until his final retirement (1948). His research first dealt with the identification of carbon suboxide (C3O2) and continued with the skeletal structural treatment of steroids using metallic selenium as the dehydrogenating agent. His most famous student was Kurt Alder (1902‐1958) with whom he discovered the cyclization of a conjugated diene‐alkene (dienophile) mixture at basically room temperature, a reaction named after them. Its most significant application was the polymerization of isoprene to synthetic rubber whose extensive manufacture development took off in the middle 1950s. Diels and Alder were awarded the joined Nobel prize in 1950‐ the most significant mentor‐student award. Diels’ life and chemical work are not highlighted as extensively outside the German scientific world. An effort to highlight his private life and work that spanned over two World Wars will be attempted. All are welcome! When: Thursday, March 4, 2021 Where: Zoom Time: 6:00 pm – Seminar Start Link: https://stonybrook.zoom.us/j/98215087847?pwd=dG0yRTRJNk15Um1GdHpWUmY5T3cwZz09 Meeting ID: 982 1508 7847 Passcode: 505683 .

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CV Otto Diels
Curriculum Vitae Prof. Dr. Otto P. H. Diels Name: Otto Paul Hermann Diels Lebensdaten: 23. Januar 1876 – 7. März 1954 Otto Diels war ein deutscher Chemiker. Für die auch nach ihm benannte Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion (auch Diensynthese genannt) erhielt er 1950 gemeinsam mit seinem Schüler Kurt Alder den Nobelpreis für Chemie. Gemeinsam mit Emil Abderhalden arbeitete er über Gallensteine und begann, sich mit Cholesterin zu beschäftigen. Darüber hinaus trägt die Diels‐Säure seinen Namen, eine von ihm bei der Strukturaufklärung der Steroide synthetisierte Dicarbonsäure. Akademischer und beruflicher Werdegang Otto Diels studierte ab 1895 an der Universität Berlin die Fächer Chemie, Physik, Botanik, Mineralogie und Philosophie. Er wurde im Sommer 1899 beim späteren Nobelpreisträger für Chemie, Emil Fischer, mit einer Arbeit über Cyanur‐Verbindungen promoviert. Im selben Jahr wurde er Assistent am Chemischen Institut der Universität Berlin. 1904 folgte die Habilitation. 1913 wurde er im selben Institut Abteilungsvorsteher. 1914 wurde er an der Universität Berlin zum außerordentlichen Professor ernannt. Zwei Jahre später nahm er einen Ruf nach Kiel an. Dort wurde er Professor für Chemie und Direktor des Chemischen Instituts und fungierte im akademischen Jahr 1925/26 als Rektor der Kieler Universität. Er blieb seiner Alma mater bis an sein Lebensende treu, trotz mehrfacher Berufungen an andere Hochschulen, darunter nach Gießen und Berlin. Nobelpreis für Chemie 1950 Bereits 1911 begann Diels, den Azodicarbonsäurediethylester zu untersuchen. Diese kurz „Azoester“ genannte Verbindung führte ihn schließlich zu seinem wichtigsten Arbeitsgebiet, der Untersuchung der Dien‐Synthese, wie die Reaktion eines Diens mit einem reaktiven Alken oder Alkin zunächst genannt wurde. Einzelne Experimente, die Diels schließlich als Dien‐Synthesen erkannte, waren bereits kurz nach der Jahrhundertwende veröffentlicht worden.
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Śląscy Nobliści: Otto Stern Kurt Alder Friedrich Bergius Śląscy Nobliści: Otto Stern, Kurt Alder, Friedrich Bergius Otto Stern ● Ur
Śląscy nobliści: Otto Stern, Kurt Alder, Friedrich Bergius Śląscy nobliści: Otto Stern Kurt Alder Friedrich Bergius Śląscy nobliści: Otto Stern, Kurt Alder, Friedrich Bergius Otto Stern ● ur. 17 lutego 1888 r. w Żorach ● zm. 17 sierpnia 1969 r.w Berkeley w stanie Kalifornia ● niemiecki fizyk ● wnuk bogatego kupca żydowskiego, właściciela żorskiego młyna ● w 1982 r. przeniósł się z rodziną do Wrocławia ● w 1912 r. uzyskał tytuł doktora chemii fizycznej na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim ● podążając za Albertem Einsteinem, udał się na Uniwersytet Karola w Pradze, a rok później na Politechnikę w Zurychu ● tytuł doktora chemii fizycznej na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim w roku 1912 r. ● jego rozprawa doktorska dotyczyła ciśnienia osmotycznego dwutlenku węgla w stężonych roztworach. Miała charakter zarówno praktyczny, jak też i teoretyczny. ● sam siebie określił jako „teoretyka doświadczalnego” Śląscy nobliści: Otto Stern, Kurt Alder, Friedrich Bergius ● w czasie I wojny światowej służył w różnych jednostkach technicznych armii pruskiej ● po klęsce Cesarstwa Niemieckiego przeniósł się do Frankfurtu ● w 1921 r. otrzymał stanowisko profesora fizyki teoretycznej na Uniwersytecie w Rostocku ● w 1923 r. objął stanowisko dyrektora w nowo powstałym Instytucie Chemii Fizycznej na Uniwersytecie w Hamburgu ● w 1922 r.wraz z Walterem Gerlachem przeprowadził eksperyment zwany „doświadczeniem Sterna-Gerlacha”, dzięki któremu doświadczalnie udowodnili kwantowanie momentu pędu, przyczynił się do rozwoju młodej fizyki kwantowej ● w 1933 r., ze względu na częściowe korzenie żydowskie, wyemigrował do USA ● do 1945 r. był profesorem na Carnegie Institute of Technology w Pittsburgu. Tam przystąpił do budowy laboratorium molekularnego ● 1943 r. przyniósł Sternowi Nobla z fizyki W uznaniu jego wkładu w rozwój metody wiązki molekularnej i jego odkrycia momentu magnetycznego protonu.
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Chemists Suggest a New Way to Synthesize Steroid Analogs 15 November 2017
Chemists suggest a new way to synthesize steroid analogs 15 November 2017 tandem cascade of reactions—the reactions proceed successively in the same flask under the same reaction conditions: acylation of the nitrogen atom of the starting 3-thienylallylamine with maleic anhydride, the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction and subsequent aromatization of the cycloaddition adduct," says Fedor Zubkov, assistant professor of the Department of Organic Chemistry at the RUDN University. Diene synthesis (or the Diels-Alder reaction) is one of the most popular reactions in organic chemistry. It involves synchronous formation of two sigma- double bonds from one double bond of dienophile Intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction discussed in the and two double bonds of diene; the main product is research. Credit: Fedor Zubkov a six-membered ring with one double bond. Otto Diels and Kurt Alder received the Nobel Prize in 1950 for this reaction. Another Nobel laureate, Robert Woodward, was inspired and bound his life Scientists from RUDN University and the Ivan with chemistry after reading about Diels-Alder's Franko National University of Lviv have found a reaction. Later, he returned to it in his studies way to produce aromatic rings in organic several times. Curiously enough, it was Robert compounds in three stages. These stages proceed Woodward who founded the Tetrahedron Letters successively in one-pot conditions and at room journal, which published this paper by Russian temperature. Now analogues of hormones, scientists. steroids, some sugars, terpenes and other complex organic substances can be synthesized The intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction runs inside faster and at softer conditions. The paper was one molecule.
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Synthesis of Substituted Ring- Fused 2-Pyridones and Applications in Chemical Biology
Synthesis of Substituted Ring- Fused 2-Pyridones and Applications in Chemical Biology Christoffer Bengtsson Doctoral thesis Department of Chemistry Umeå University Umeå, Sweden 2013 Copyright © Christoffer Bengtsson 2013 ISBN: 978-91-7459-552-9 Electronic version available at http://umu.diva-portal.org/ Printed by: VMC-KBC, Umeå University Umeå, Sweden 2013 Author Christoffer Bengtsson Title Synthesis of Substituted Ring-Fused 2-Pyridones and Applications in Chemical Biology Abstract Antibiotics have been extensively used to treat bacterial infections since Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin 1928. Disease causing microbes that have become resistant to antibiotic drug therapy are an increasing public health problem. According to the world health organization (WHO) there are about 440 000 new cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis emerging annually, causing at least 150 000 deaths. Consequently there is an immense need to develop new types of compounds with new modes of action for the treatment of bacterial infections. Presented herein is a class of antibacterial ring-fused 2- pyridones, which exhibit inhibitory effects against both the pili assembly system in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), named the chaperone usher pathway, as well as polymerization of the major curli subunit protein CsgA, into a functional amyloid fibre. A pilus is an organelle that is vital for the bacteria to adhere to and infect host cells, as well as establish biofilms. Inhibition of the chaperone usher pathway disables the pili assembly machinery, and consequently renders the bacteria avirulent. The focus of this work has been to develop synthetic strategies to more efficiently alter the substitution pattern of the aforementioned ring- fused 2-pyridones.
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Robert Burns Woodward
The Life and Achievements of Robert Burns Woodward Long Literature Seminar July 13, 2009 Erika A. Crane “The structure known, but not yet accessible by synthesis, is to the chemist what the unclimbed mountain, the uncharted sea, the untilled ﬁeld, the unreached planet, are to other men. The achievement of the objective in itself cannot but thrill all chemists, who even before they know the details of the journey can apprehend from their own experience the joys and elations, the disappointments and false hopes, the obstacles overcome, the frustrations subdued, which they experienced who traversed a road to the goal. The unique challenge which chemical synthesis provides for the creative imagination and the skilled hand ensures that it will endure as long as men write books, paint pictures, and fashion things which are beautiful, or practical, or both.” “Art and Science in the Synthesis of Organic Compounds: Retrospect and Prospect,” in Pointers and Pathways in Research (Bombay:CIBA of India, 1963). Robert Burns Woodward • Graduated from MIT with his Ph.D. in chemistry at the age of 20 Woodward taught by example and captivated • A tenured professor at Harvard by the age of 29 the young... “Woodward largely taught principles and values. He showed us by • Published 196 papers before his death at age example and precept that if anything is worth 62 doing, it should be done intelligently, intensely • Received 24 honorary degrees and passionately.” • Received 26 medals & awards including the -Daniel Kemp National Medal of Science in 1964, the Nobel Prize in 1965, and he was one of the ﬁrst recipients of the Arthur C.
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A Nobel Synthesis
MILESTONES IN CHEMISTRY Ian Grayson A nobel synthesis IAN GRAYSON Evonik Degussa GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Germany he first Nobel Prize for chemistry was because it is a scientific challenge, as he awarded in 1901 (to Jacobus van’t Hoff). described in his Nobel lecture: “The synthesis T Up to 2010, the chemistry prize has been of brazilin would have no industrial value; awarded 102 times, to 160 laureates, of whom its biological importance is problematical, only four have been women (1). The most but it is worth while to attempt it for the prominent area for awarding the Nobel Prize sufficient reason that we have no idea how for chemistry has been in organic chemistry, in to accomplish the task” (4). which the Nobel committee includes natural Continuing the list of Nobel Laureates in products, synthesis, catalysis, and polymers. organic synthesis we arrive next at R. B. This amounts to 24 of the prizes. Reading the Woodward. Considered by many the greatest achievements of the earlier organic chemists organic chemist of the 20th century, he who were recipients of the prize, we see that devised syntheses of numerous natural they were drawn to synthesis by the structural Alfred Nobel, 1833-1896 products, including lysergic acid, quinine, analysis and characterisation of natural cortisone and strychnine (Figure 1). 6 compounds. In order to prove the structure conclusively, some In collaboration with Albert Eschenmoser, he achieved the synthesis, even if only a partial synthesis, had to be attempted. It is synthesis of vitamin B12, a mammoth task involving nearly 100 impressive to read of some of the structures which were deduced students and post-docs over many years.
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Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Werner Heisenberg And
MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR WISSENSCHAFTSGESCHICHTE Max Planck Institute for the History of Science PREPRINT 203 (2002) Horst Kant Werner Heisenberg and the German Uranium Project Otto Hahn and the Declarations of Mainau and Göttingen Werner Heisenberg and the German Uranium Project* Horst Kant Werner Heisenberg’s (1901-1976) involvement in the German Uranium Project is the most con- troversial aspect of his life. The controversial discussions on it go from whether Germany at all wanted to built an atomic weapon or only an energy supplying machine (the last only for civil purposes or also for military use for instance in submarines), whether the scientists wanted to support or to thwart such efforts, whether Heisenberg and the others did really understand the mechanisms of an atomic bomb or not, and so on. Examples for both extreme positions in this controversy represent the books by Thomas Powers Heisenberg’s War. The Secret History of the German Bomb,1 who builds up him to a resistance fighter, and by Paul L. Rose Heisenberg and the Nazi Atomic Bomb Project – A Study in German Culture,2 who characterizes him as a liar, fool and with respect to the bomb as a poor scientist; both books were published in the 1990s. In the first part of my paper I will sum up the main facts, known on the German Uranium Project, and in the second part I will discuss some aspects of the role of Heisenberg and other German scientists, involved in this project. Although there is already written a lot on the German Uranium Project – and the best overview up to now supplies Mark Walker with his book German National Socialism and the quest for nuclear power, which was published in * Paper presented on a conference in Moscow (November 13/14, 2001) at the Institute for the History of Science and Technology [àÌÒÚËÚÛÚ ËÒÚÓËË ÂÒÚÂÒÚ‚ÓÁÌ‡ÌËﬂ Ë ÚÂıÌËÍË ËÏ.
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Lecture 1: Strategies and Tactics in Organic Synthesis
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Organic Chemistry 5.511 October 3, 2007 Prof. Rick L. Danheiser Lecture 1: Strategies and Tactics in Organic Synthesis Retrosynthetic Analysis The key to the design of efficient syntheses ". the grand thing is to be able to reason backwards. That is a very useful accomplishment, and a very easy "The end is where we start from...." one, but people do not practice it much." T. S. Eliot, in "The Four Quartets" Sherlock Holmes, in "A Study in Scarlet" Strategy Tactics overall plan to achieve the means by which plan ultimate synthetic target is implemented intellectual experimental retrosynthetic planning synthetic execution TRANSFORMS REACTIONS Target Precursor Precursor Target Definitions Retron Structural unit that signals the application of a particular strategy algorithm during retrosynthetic analysis. Transform Imaginary retrosynthetic operation transforming a target molecule into a precursor molecule in a manner such that bond(s) can be reformed (or cleaved) by known or reasonable synthetic reactions. Strategy Algorithm Step-by-step instructions for performing a retrosynthetic operation. "...even in the earliest stages of the process of simplification of a synthetic problem, the chemist must make use of a particular form of analysis which depends on the interplay between structural features that exist in the target molecule and the types of reactions or synthetic operations available from organic chemistry for the modification or assemblage of structural units. The synthetic chemist has learned by experience to recognize within a target molecule certain units which can be synthesized, modified, or joined by known or conceivable synthetic operations...it is convenient to have a term for such units; the term "synthon" is suggested.
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Hermann Emil Fischer: Life and Achievements
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Carbohydrate Chemistry from Fischer to Now
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Ion Transport Across Membranes Mediated by a Dynamic Combinatorial Library
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Germany Course.Modifications.Pub
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