DOCSLIB.ORG

Switzerland’S Peace- First NAP 1325 for the Years 2007–2009 Subsequent- Building Efforts.2 Ly Came Into Force

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Switzerland’S Peace- First NAP 1325 for the Years 2007–2009 Subsequent- Building Efforts.2 Ly Came Into Force Women, Peace and Security National Action Plan to implement UN Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) Content I. Background 2 II. Overview of the findings and recommendations from the first implementation phase (2007–2009) 5 III. Measures 2010–2012 6 GOAL 1: Greater participation of women in peacebuilding 7 GOAL 2: Prevention of gender-based violence and protection of the needs and rights of women and girls during and after violent conflicts 10 GOAL 3: A gender-sensitive approach to all peacebuilding projects and programmes 13 IV. Follow-up of implementation measures 16 V. Further development of NAP 1325 16 VI. Resources 17 VII. Gender sensitivity in practice – examples from FDFA programmes 18 Dealing with the Past 18 Swiss commitment to peace efforts in Nepal 19 I. Background What is UN Security Council Resolution 1325? en’s participation in peace processes. In addition to The UN Security Council Resolution 1325 (UNSCR 1325) UN member states, the UN Security Council and the on Women, Peace and Security was unanimously UN Secretary-General, all parties involved in armed adopted on 31 October, 2000. It is the first UN Secu- conflict and all stakeholders in peacebuilding efforts rity Council Resolution to expressly mention the par- are called on to implement the resolution. The key ticular effect which armed conflicts have on women requirements of UNSCR 1325 are: and girls, and it underlines the importance of wom- 1. Greater participation of women in peacebuilding; 2. Prevention of gender-based violence, and protection of the needs and rights of women and girls during and after violent conflicts; 3. A gender-sensitive approach to all peacebuilding programmes and projects. 2 In the last two years, follow-up UNSC Resolutions requires the involvement of all agencies in Switzer- 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009) have land responsible for security and peace policy. The been passed, which substantiate and build on the drafting of a National Action Plan should facilitate: key requirements of UNSCR 1325.1 UNSCR 1820 deals specifically with the prevention of gender- • the adaptation and clear communication of the based violence, fighting impunity for such acts and goals of the UNSCRs on Women, Peace and Secu- the protection of the rights of women and girls. It is rity within the national context; the first UN Security Council Resolution to state that • the allocation of responsibilities within the federal gender-based violence against women and girls is to administration with a view to the complementary be taken into consideration in UN Security Council and transparent implementation of the resolution; decisions to establish or renew state-specific sanc- • the coordination of all relevant agencies and the tions regimes. The operationalisation of the commit- fostering of effective cooperation; ments set out in UNSCR 1325 and 1820 is the focus • the systematic monitoring of implementing measures. of UNSC Resolutions 1888 and 1889. For example, UNSCR 1888 has led to the appointment of the first What is the institutional framework for Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General National Action Plan 1325? (SRSG) on Sexual Violence in Conflict. It also provides To ensure the effective and coordinated implemen- for the creation of “rapid response teams” that can tation of the UNSC Resolutions on Women, Peace be dispatched at short notice to conflict zones where and Security, the Coordination Committee for Peace systematic sexual violence is alleged to be taking Policy3 created an interdepartmental working group place. UNSCR 1889, for its part, has led to the devel- (WG 1325) in 2006. Led by the FDFA/PD IV and com- opment of global indicators to track the implementa- prising representatives of the FDFA and DDPS, this tion of UNSCR 1325. working group drafted the first National Action Plan on the Implementation of UN Security Resolution Collectively these four UN Security Council Resolu- 1325 (NAP 1325). On 31 January, 2007, the Swiss tions on Women, Peace and Security are regarded Federal Council received official notification, and the as key reference documents for Switzerland’s peace- first NAP 1325 for the years 2007–2009 subsequent- building efforts.2 ly came into force. Why draft a National Action Plan on UNSCR 1325? The requirements of UNSCR 1325 are of a cross-cut- ting nature and their implementation at country level 1 The texts of UNSCR 1325, 1820, 1888 and 1889 can be found 3 The Coordination Committee for Peace Policy comprises at: http://www.un.org/Docs/scres/2000/sc2000.htm; http:// representatives from various sections of the Federal Depart- www.un.org/Docs/sc/unsc_resolutions08.htm; http://www. ment of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport (DDPS), the un.org/Docs/sc/unsc_resolutions09.htm. Alternatively, for an Federal Department of Finance (FDF), the Federal Department overview (in English) of all UNSCRs, go to: http://www.peace- of Foreign Affairs (FDFA), the Federal Office of Police, the women.org/themes_theme.php?id=1; German, French, Federal Office for Migration within the Federal Department and Italian versions of the resolutions can be found at: http:// of Justice and Police (FDJP), and the State Secretariat for www.peacewomen.org/translation_initiative/. Economic Affairs (SECO) within the Federal Department of Economic Affairs (FDEA). The Committee acts in an advisory capacity and serves to improve coordination and coherence 2 In this context the peacebuilding concept includes security among the different federal administration agencies involved and human rights policy. in peacebuilding. 3 In the interests of realistic and action-led planning, The NAP 1325 is a living document. As such, it is the catalogue of measures proposed in NAP 1325 designed for needs-based adaptation and evolution. is valid for a maximum of three years. The first im- For this purpose a participatory mechanism has been plementation phase of UNSCR 1325 in Switzer- developed in which the Coordination Committee for land, therefore, came to an end in 2009. Based on Peace Policy plays a strategic supervisory and moni- the findings detailed in the progress reports and in toring role (Chapter V). light of the follow-up UNSC Resolutions 1820, 1888, 1889, WG 1325 revised the first NAP and submitted The resources required to implement NAP 1325 are it to the Federal Council in October 2010.4 allocated by the entities responsible for implement- ing the measures (Chapter VI). An annual progress report assesses the impact of the implementing measures and allows for evidence- How does the Swiss NAP 1325 fit into the based adaptation of NAP 1325. WG 1325 drafts the international context? annual progress report on the basis of individual re- Switzerland is one of a growing number of coun- ports from all the relevant agencies and subsequently tries to have drafted a National Action Plan for the submits it to the Coordination Committee for Peace purpose of following-up on its commitments relat- Policy for approval (Chapter IV). ing to UNSCR 1325. Through exchanges with other member states and active participation in multilateral debates, Swiss best practices may flow back to the international political process. Switzerland is com- mitted to the further development of the regulatory framework and to its improved implementation, for instance through the measuring of results. 4 In 2010, WG 1325 was expanded to include representatives of the Federal Department of Justice and Police FDJP (Office of the Attorney General and the Federal Office of Police). The Federal Office for Gender Equality (FODG/FDHA) was also consulted on ad hoc basis. Interested civil society stakeholders (NGO Platform 1325) were consulted on the draft NAP 1325 via swisspeace/KOFF (coordination). 4 II. Overview of the findings and recommendations from the first implementation phase (2007–2009) Between 2007 and 2009, two progress reports on 3. “Gender-mainstreaming instruments like the in- NAP 1325 were compiled, detailing advances achieved clusion of gender aspects in pre-deployment to date in those areas stipulated in National Action training for military peacekeeping personnel are Plan 1325. Both documents contain a series of rec- used on a routine basis. Worthy of special men- ommendations that were incorporated in the revised tion is the application of a gender-marker to version of the National Action Plan for 2010–2012. measure gender sensitivity of investments to civil- ian peacebuilding efforts. Specialised staff units In its response of 19 August 2009 to National Coun- of the FDFA provide targeted support for the cillor Allemann’s question5 , the Federal Council is- further development and application of gender- sued the following statement on the three goals of mainstreaming measures in conflict-relevant ar- the NAP 1325: eas of policy.” 1. “The Federal Council considers that the interim The 2009 progress report concluded that practices results [on the greater involvement of women in have continued to be pursued. The report contains peacebuilding] are not entirely convincing. Fur- the following recommendations for the next imple- ther efforts are needed in both civilian and mili- mentation phase: tary peacebuilding to ensure a sustainable rise in female participation.”6 • greater efforts to select and support qualified Swiss female candidates for posts in international 2. “The prevention and combating of gender-based organisations and agencies; violence and the strengthening of women’s rights • identification of targeted measures to increase the are now a key component of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Switzerland 4Th Periodical Report
    Strasbourg, 15 December 2009 MIN-LANG/PR (2010) 1 EUROPEAN CHARTER FOR REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES Fourth Periodical Report presented to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in accordance with Article 15 of the Charter SWITZERLAND Periodical report relating to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages Fourth report by Switzerland 4 December 2009 SUMMARY OF THE REPORT Switzerland ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (Charter) in 1997. The Charter came into force on 1 April 1998. Article 15 of the Charter requires states to present a report to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe on the policy and measures adopted by them to implement its provisions. Switzerland‘s first report was submitted to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in September 1999. Since then, Switzerland has submitted reports at three-yearly intervals (December 2002 and May 2006) on developments in the implementation of the Charter, with explanations relating to changes in the language situation in the country, new legal instruments and implementation of the recommendations of the Committee of Ministers and the Council of Europe committee of experts. This document is the fourth periodical report by Switzerland. The report is divided into a preliminary section and three main parts. The preliminary section presents the historical, economic, legal, political and demographic context as it affects the language situation in Switzerland. The main changes since the third report include the enactment of the federal law on national languages and understanding between linguistic communities (Languages Law) (FF 2007 6557) and the new model for teaching the national languages at school (—HarmoS“ intercantonal agreement).
    [Show full text]
  • Switzerland1
    YEARBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW - VOLUME 14, 2011 CORRESPONDENTS’ REPORTS SWITZERLAND1 Contents Multilateral Initiatives — Foreign Policy Priorities .................................................................. 1 Multilateral Initiatives — Human Security ................................................................................ 1 Multilateral Initiatives — Disarmament and Non-Proliferation ................................................ 2 Multilateral Initiatives — International Humanitarian Law ...................................................... 4 Multilateral Initiatives — Peace Support Operations ................................................................ 5 Multilateral Initiatives — International Criminal Law .............................................................. 6 Legislation — Implementation of the Rome Statute ................................................................. 6 Cases — International Crimes Trials (War Crimes, Crimes against Humanity, Genocide) .... 12 Cases — Extradition of Alleged War Criminal ....................................................................... 13 Multilateral Initiatives — Foreign Policy Priorities Swiss Federal Council, Foreign Policy Report (2011) <http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/doc/publi/ppol.html> Pursuant to the 2011 Foreign Policy Report, one of Switzerland’s objectives at institutional level in 2011 was the improvement of the working methods of the UN Security Council (SC). As a member of the UN ‘Small 5’ group, on 28 March 2012, the Swiss
    [Show full text]
  • Training Centre Swiss Armed Forces Inter National
    TRAINING CENTRE SWISS ARMED FORCES INTER NATIONAL COMMAND Course guide 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 2 Introduction Commandant Training Centre SWISSINT 3 Infra structure 4 Mission & Task 5 General Information for all Courses 5 SUNMOC – Swiss United Nations Military Observer Course 7 KFOR SWISSCOY / EUFOR LOT Predeployment Training 9 SUNSOC – Swiss United Nations Staff Officer Course 11 ICPSO – Introductory Course to Peace Support Operations 12 PSOR – Peace Support Operations Refresher 12 HEAT – Hostile Environment Awareness Training 13 BST – Basic Security Training 14 BWT – Basic Weapons Training 15 Driving Training for Categories C1 / D1 16 TCCC/TC3 – Tactical Combat Casualty Care Provider Course 17 MMPC – Military Medical Personnel Course in the Balkans area 18 Host Nation Support to Geneva Centres Flagship Courses 19 Course Dates 20 4-PCE 21 Partnership Training and Education Centres (PTEC) 22 United Nations training location in Switzerland 23 Certifications 24 Welfare 25 How to find the Training Centre SWISSINT 26 How to Apply & Contact 27 2 INTRODUCTION COMMANDANT TRAINING CENTRE SWISSINT As commandant of the Training Centre Swiss Interna- tional Command (TC SWISSINT) I am in charge of the pre-deployment training for all Swiss military personnel sent abroad in the context of Peace Support Operations (PSO). Together with my staff we are committed to pro- viding high quality courses that meet both national and international standards. Throughout the year we offer a number of national and international courses specially designed to prepare individuals and contingents for deployment to crisis areas. Our priority is to assist our course participants in developing a “safety and securi- ty-first” attitude in all aspects of their work in whatever new and challenging environments they may encounter.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Way to Becoming a Federal State (1815-1848)
    Federal Department of Foreign Affairs FDFA General Secretariat GS-FDFA Presence Switzerland On the way to becoming a federal state (1815-1848) In 1815, after their victory over Napoleon, the European powers wanted to partially restore pre-revolutionary conditions. This occurred in Switzerland with the Federal Pact of 1815, which gave the cantons almost full autonomy. The system of ruling cantons and subjects, however, remained abolished. The liberals instituted a series of constitutional reforms to alter these conditions: in the most important cantons in 1830 and subsequently at federal level in 1848. However, the advent of the federal state was preceded by a phase of bitter disputes, coups and Switzerland’s last civil war, the Sonderbund War, in 1847. The Congress of Vienna and the Restoration (1814–1830) At the Congress of Vienna in 1814 and the Treaty of Paris in 1815, the major European powers redefined Europe, and in doing so they were guided by the idea of restoration. They assured Switzerland permanent neutrality and guaranteed that the completeness and inviolability of the extended Swiss territory would be preserved. Caricature from the year 1815: pilgrimage to the Diet in Zurich. Bern (the bear) would like to see its subjects Vaud and Aargau (the monkeys) returned. A man in a Zurich uniform is pointing the way and a Cossack is driving the bear on. © Historical Museum Bern The term “restoration”, after which the entire age was named, came from the Bernese patrician Karl Ludwig von Haller, who laid the ideological foundations for this period in his book “Restoration of the Science of the State” (1816).
    [Show full text]
  • Major General Andreas STETTBACHER Surgeon General
    Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport DDPS Swiss Armed Forces Armed Forces Staff AFS Major General Andreas STETTBACHER Surgeon General Date of birth 25 March1962 Academic title M.D. Surgery FMH, University of Bern Service address Worblentalstrasse 36, 3063 Ittigen Current function Major General Stettbacher is Surgeon General of the Swiss Armed Forces and in his civilian function he is Commissioner of the Federal Council of Ministers for the Coordinated Medical Services. He is in charge of the military health service, directs the medical sector in the Armed Forces Staff and is head of the Centre of Competence for Military and Disaster Medicine. In addition the Surgeon Gen- eral supervises the Aeromedical Institute and medical support of the professional special forces. Or- ganisationally, he is assigned to the Chief of Armed Forces Staff. In his function as Commissioner of the Federal Council of Ministers he is responsible for coordinating preparations and the deployment of Swiss public health resources in special and exceptional situa- tions and is authorised to negotiate directly with both civilian and military authorities of Confederation and cantons. Career 1989 Captain, senior physician of military training area Thun, battalion surgeon of mechanised artillery battalion 1997 Major, regimental surgeon in infantry regiment staff 2002 Lieutenant colonel; armed forces staff section 2006 Colonel, chief of staff in Armed Forces Logistics Organisation 2008 Deputy surgeon general in military strategy staff 2009 Major general, surgeon general Functions 1999 Chief medical officer (CMO), OSCE Sarajevo Head of Department of Surgery, Conradie Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa 2000 Head of Clinical Services, Conradie Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa Head of Surgery, G.F.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rhaeto-Romance Languages
    Romance Linguistics Editorial Statement Routledge publish the Romance Linguistics series under the editorship of Martin Harris (University of Essex) and Nigel Vincent (University of Manchester). Romance Philogy and General Linguistics have followed sometimes converging sometimes diverging paths over the last century and a half. With the present series we wish to recognise and promote the mutual interaction of the two disciplines. The focus is deliberately wide, seeking to encompass not only work in the phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexis of the Romance languages, but also studies in the history of Romance linguistics and linguistic thought in the Romance cultural area. Some of the volumes will be devoted to particular aspects of individual languages, some will be comparative in nature; some will adopt a synchronic and some a diachronic slant; some will concentrate on linguistic structures, and some will investigate the sociocultural dimensions of language and language use in the Romance-speaking territories. Yet all will endorse the view that a General Linguistics that ignores the always rich and often unique data of Romance is as impoverished as a Romance Philogy that turns its back on the insights of linguistics theory. Other books in the Romance Linguistics series include: Structures and Transformations Christopher J. Pountain Studies in the Romance Verb eds Nigel Vincent and Martin Harris Weakening Processes in the History of Spanish Consonants Raymond Harris-N orthall Spanish Word Formation M.F. Lang Tense and Text
    [Show full text]
  • Brigadier General Germaine J.F. SEEWER Commander Command Support Brigade 41
    Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport DDPS Swiss Armed Forces Armed Forces Staff AFS Brigadier General Germaine J.F. SEEWER Commander Command Support Brigade 41 Date of birth 12 April 1964 Academic qualifications D. Sc. ETH Zurich Executive Master of Public Administration, University of Bern Office address Barracks HQ, 8180 Bülach Current function Brigadier General Seewer is in charge of the command support brigade. She is responsible for basic and progressive training of his staffs and troops and is accountable to the head of the Command Support organisation. The command support brigade is the specialised unit for information and communications technology in the Swiss Armed Forces. It operates the communications and C2 infrastructure along with the electronic warfare and signal intelligence systems for the armed forces. Career 1999 Captain, commander of an air force operations centre HQ company 2002 Major GS 2003 Lieutenant Colonel GS, officer in the air force operations staff 2005 Deputy Commander of the Air Force LOS Battalion 2006 Commander of the Air Force LOS Battalion 2010 Colonel GS, Chief of Air Force Training, assistant Chief of Staff Training 2011 In addition, Deputy Chief of Air Force Staff 2013 Brigadier General, Head of Armed Forces Personnel 2018 Commander Command Support Brigade 41 Functions 1998 Teacher 2000 Staff officer at SWISSCOY, Kosovo 2001 Head of section in Armed Forces General Staff 2004 Military observer, UNMEE Ethiopia/Eritrea 2004 Head of operations, deputy head of missions, Swiss International Command SWISSINT 2007 Deputy commander air force command support schools and commander unit training and technical courses 2008 Commander air force command support schools 2011 NATO Defense College, Senior Course, Rome, Italy ARMED FORCES STAFF – IR D, Military Protocol, 3003 BERN 01.07.2018 .
    [Show full text]
  • Version 29 January 2016
    Version 29 January 2016 Contributor Profile: Switzerland Andrea Baumann and Marco Wyss Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zurich Active Armed Helicopters Defense Uniformed UN UN Contribution Other Significant Forces1 Budget Peacekeepers Breakdown Deployments Active 21,2502 Attack: none 2015: 30 MINURSO 2 experts Bosnia-Herzegovina: World Ranking Fr4.93bn (1 woman) MINUSMA 4 troops 20 (EUFOR) (size): 93 Multi-role: (31 Dec. 2015) MONUSCO 3 troops 1 (OSCE) none 2014: UNMIL 1 police Reserves: 155,0503 $5.26bn Ranking: 86th UNMISS 3 (1 police, 2 Kosovo: 220 (KFOR) Army: 102,250 Transport: (0.80% of troops) Air: 23,900 46 GDP) UNMOGIP 3 experts Republic of Korea: 5 Logistics: 13,600 (26 Medium; UNOCI 1 police (NNSC) Command Support: 20 Light) 2013: UNTSO 13 experts 15,300 $5.05bn Civil Defense: (0.78% of 72,000 GDP) Defense Spending / Troop:4 US$230,190 (compared to global average of approximately US$79,396; regional average of US$115,767) Part 1: Recent Trends Switzerland’s first participation in an international peace operation was a company-size deployment to the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission mandated to supervise the armistice between the two Koreas in 1953. This early engagement carries on in the form of a small but steady contribution of around five Swiss military observers to the NNSC. From the 1960s, the Swiss occasionally took on small logistical, technical and humanitarian roles in UN and non-UN peacekeeping operations. Switzerland’s military contribution to peacekeeping has remained modest overall and with regard to the UN limited to small numbers of unarmed military observers and specialists.
    [Show full text]
  • Participation
    Participation Women, Peace and Security Emergency aid National Action Plan to implement Reconstruction UN Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) Dealing with the past Protection Prevention Content I. Background 4 II. Overview of the recommendations from the second implementation phase (2010–2012) 8 III. Measures (2013–2016) 9 IV. Monitoring of implementation measures 22 V. Further development of NAP 1325 23 VI. Resources 23 VII. Examples of implementation 24 VIII. Glossary 27 3 I. Background “While noting the diversity of conflicts and the complexity of bringing hostilities arching principle of NAP 1325. An example of this to an end, the Committee emphasizes that is Switzerland’s commitment for a greater participa- the transitional period and the multiple tion of women in political processes demonstrated peace-building activities in the post-conflict in, for instance, its support for cooperation between context provide strategic opportunities selected civil society and governments. Further ex- for transformation in all areas of women’s amples of the revision’s focus are the commitment lives.“1 CEDAW Committee (2011) to combating gender-based violence, for instance through the promotion of dialogue with armed non- state actors, and multilateral efforts to safeguard Women and men are affected by armed conflicts the sexual and reproductive rights of women and in different ways, and creating a stable and secure girls who are victims of sexual violence. In this, Swiss environment requires the equal participation of all policy is directed by the recognition that strengthen- members of society. The UN Security Council has ing the rights of women is an essential contribution explicitly recognised this reality since the year 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Il Ticino in Breve Informazioni Generali
    Inglese English Il Ticino in breve Informazioni generali Repubblica e Cantone Ticino Dipartimento delle istituzioni Important notice The primary purpose of this publication is to necessary, competent and personalised advisory provide people intending to settle in Ticino with services. All the information has been verified some general information about the canton. with the utmost care and was accurate at the As such, this document does not claim to be time of publication. However, in view of the large exhaustive in regards to content. In fact, the amount of information provided, errors cannot municipal offices of the Canton of Ticino and be totally excluded, for which we apologise the numerous bodies, associations and the in advance. The authors of this brochure do not canton’s administrative offices mentioned herein accept any responsibility whatsoever for the can provide further information, clarifications, accuracy, reliability or completeness of the web- in-depth explanations and, if requested and sites indicated. All information provided refers to 2012. Index Introduction 4 1. Ticino in a nutshell 5 2. Taking up residence in Ticino 6 Residence permits 7 3. Democracy and federalism 8/9 4. Living in Ticino 10 5. The Italian language and living together 12 6. Schools and education 13 7. Integration of foreigners and prevention of discrimination 14/15 8. Working in Ticino 16 9. Economy, taxes and communications 17 10. Mobility 18/19 11. Health 20 12. Social security 22/23 13. Family 24 Childhood and adolescence 25 14. Religion 26 15. Leisure time and the media 27 16. Security and emergencies 28 Bibliography 29 30 expressions to help you understand the Italian spoken in Ticino 30 Useful telephone numbers 30 Introduction When people think of Switzerland, they often trains, lush green hills dotted with edelweiss language, Lombardian culture, Mediterranean imagine a rural country with crystal-clear lakes, and wooden chalets, cows and grazing goats, climate form an integral and inseparable part pine forests, snow-capped mountains with St.
    [Show full text]
  • Originalveröffentlichung In: Fighting for Faith? Experiences of the Sonderbund Campaign 1847, In: Joy Charnley/Malcolm Pender (
    10 Thomas Maissen Fighting for Faith? Experiences of the Sonderbund Campaign 11 shame, as something that should not happen in a nice family. Public memory ('Wachstums-Lerngesellschaften'), possibly underestimates what nowadays is to a large extent reduced to the figure of Guillaume-Henri Dufour, not could be called 'archaic' elements in nineteenth-century Switzerland, for because he, as the Commander-in-Chief of the Federal troops, won the war, example the bellicosity especially among the young. This after all unpolitical but because, from the beginning, his declared aim was reconciliation. impulse which has been traditional at least since the Saubannerzuge of the Harmony may be an indispensable element of national history fifteenth century, is undeniable among the Radical partisans of the everywhere; it is especially palpable in a country that has had no consti­ Freischarenzuge in 1844 and 1845 and can be traced through to the riots of tutional change since 1848 and whose government has been composed of 1980 which appropriately were called lugendunruhen. Besides this, it is the same four parties almost without interruption since 1944 - four parties enough to mention Clausewitz to understand that the moral and political which, in 1995, together attracted 75 per cent of voters in a large coalition inhibition against war was much less developed in the nineteenth century of opposed ideologies that had been implacable enemies not only in the than it has become nowadays after two world wars. It undeniably was a Sonderbund War, but also in the national strike after World War I. This difficult decision for many politicians to wage war in 1847, but their sorrow strange model of harmony has recently met a lot of criticism and has been was less - as it would be today - the loss of individual life so much as an severely examined for various reasons; one of them is the difficulty in defining aversion towards civil war among confederates.
    [Show full text]
  • Broschüre 2021
    2021 VORWORT FOREWORD BY THE COMMANDER PRÉFACE DU COMMANDANT DES PREFAZIONE DEL COMANDANTE KOMMANDANT LUFTWAFFE OF THE SWISS AIR FORCE FORCES AÉRIENNES DELLE FORZE AEREE Geschätzte Freunde des PC-7 TEAM Dear Friends of the PC-7 TEAM Chers amis du PC-7 TEAM Stimate lettrici e stimati lettori, care amiche e cari Wir alle erleben eine noch nie dagewesene, We are living in unprecedented and turbulent Nous vivons toutes et tous une période de tur- amici del PC-7 TEAM turbulente Zeit. Die Corona-Pandemie hat im letz- times. Last year, many of us saw our plans disrupt- bulences sans précédent. L’année dernière a été Noi tutti stiamo vivendo un periodo turbolen- ten Jahr vieles durcheinandergebracht und wir alle ed by the coronavirus pandemic – and many of us bouleversée par la pandémie du Coronavirus et cha- te e senza precedenti. La pandemia ha sconvolto mussten auf einiges verzichten. Auch die Flugvor- were forced to make sacrifices. ThePC-7 TEAM’s cun a dû renoncer à diverses choses. Les démonstra- molte cose e tutti noi abbiamo dovuto imparare a führungen des PC-7 TEAM im In- und Ausland wur- air shows both at home and abroad also had to be tions du PC-7 TEAM en Suisse et à l’étranger ont ain- fare a meno di alcune cose. Anche le esebizioni di den abgesagt oder auf dieses Jahr verschoben. postponed to this year or were cancelled altogether. si toutes été annulées ou reportées à cette année. volo del PC7-TEAM in patria e all’estero sono sta- Das PC-7 TEAM nutzte diese Zeit, um seinen The PC-7 TEAM used its downtime to renew Le PC-7 TEAM a profité de cette période pour te cancellate o posticipate a quest’anno.
    [Show full text]