36566 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF R.EMARKS

CHAS'e-MANHA'ITAN'S PA'ITERSON in themselves, solve our economic problems. way he can absorb the mood of Washington CALLS FOR EXECUTIVE INVOLVE­ They will do no more than provide a breather is to be on the scene. Legislators have a for the country, so it can deal more forcibly pretty good grasp of public opinion, and MENT with the fundamental causes of its economic today's vocal public opinion has an amazing malaise. Because controls-and none Of us way of becoming tomorrow's legislation. like them-inevitably and rather quickly I've spoken with some businessmen who HON. NORMAN F. LENT lose their effectiveness, they are seldom -a acknowledge frankly that they are timid OF NEW YORK satisfactory solution for the longer run. about calling on their Congressmen or testi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ultimately, cooperation is the key,: co­ fying at Congressional hearings. I must con­ operation abroad, among the leading cur­ fess that I myself started out with some Monday, October 18, 1971 rency nations of the world and cooperation trepidation, if only because the prime rate Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Herbert at home among labor, business and govern­ was then at its highest level since the Civil P. Patterson, president of the Chase­ ment. Those of you who must compete reg­ War! In fact, my associates wouldn't even Manhattan Bank, recently delivered an ularly against the Japanese have some idea let me call on Congressman Wright Patman of what the labor-business-government triad until my third visit! address to the New York Commerce and can accomplish through cooperation. However, the reception has always been Industry Association which I think is At the risk of seeming somewhat naive, I'd cordial and the conversation pleasant. You noteworthy. So that my colleagues may also like to suggest closer cooperation be­ may have to cool your heels while a Congress­ have the benefit of Mr. Patterson's re­ tween the major political parties in curb­ man shuttles over to the Capitol to cast a mark.3, I enter them here: ing inflation. Bipartisanship in this area is, vote, or has his picture taken on the steps with a visiting 4H Club from back home, but ONE MANAGEMENT JOB THAT CAN'T BE I know, always easy to talk about and dif­ ficult to accomplish. Yet that's what people most lawmakers do welcome visits from con­ DELEGATED used to say about our postwar foreign policy cerned businessmen. I'm very pleased to have this opportunity until a determined band, led by Senator A California Congressman explained to me of appearing at your Forum and am grati­ Arthur Vandenberg, showed that coopera­ one reason why. "We can read a bill," he said, fied that you preferred listening to me tion was possible in bringing to fruition the "and not see that it's going to hit a certain rather than strolling through the park on Marshall Plan and the Atlantic Pact. In my industry. You people know immediately that this last day of summer. judgment, the need for a similiar bipartisan it would have an effect on your particular Like most of you, I look forward to the approach to infiation control is presently ur­ business or your community. That's when summer months as a time to catch up on gent and may determine America's economic you should get on the phone or write a letter, my reading. However, I now look back in fate in the Seventies and even beyond. It is or, better, come down to Washington." dismay at the relatively few books and ar­ simply not possible to plan the course of an As you know, members of our New York ticles I've managed to read thoroughly. economy as vast and complicated as ours Congressional delegation all have offices right I did find one article especially provoca­ within a two-year election cycle. here in the area as well as in Washington, so tive. It appeared in the July-August issue Some of the main hazards facing the econ­ you can often find them in town on Mondays of The Harvard Business Review under the omy in the decade ahead are governmental. and Fridays when they are home mending intriguing title "The Sounds of Executive As Fortune Magazine pointed out recently, Silence." fences. Those of you who read it will recall that the U.S. cannot have a continuing healthy Well, you may ask, why would a Congress­ author Norman Adler points out that the economy unless it improves the quality of its man want to see me? What have I got to stridency of both the radical left and the government. If we in business want to pro­ offer him? radical right is on the upsurge. The aca­ mote this improvement and have a voice in For one thing, you have information-or demic community has become increasingly the decision-making process, we must come ready access to it- and that's an extremely vocal; politicians at all levels of government to know government officials and keep our valuable commodity in Congressional circles. are rarely at a loss for words on any subject; point of view constantly before them, just as Too many businessmen assume that legisla­ yet from most corporate executives comes labor and other segments of society are tors are experts on every conceivable subject. only silence. doing. That's an obvious physical impossibility, as The author deplores what he calls "this So much, then, for the need. the legislators themselves are the first to ad­ self-imposed intellectual and social celibacy," What are the best means of meeting this mit. After all, more than 15,000 bills and reso­ and he argues that businessmen make a need? lutions have been introduced in Congress just serious mistake in shunning the national Surely, business associations such as Com­ since January. The average Congressman's re­ debate on vital economic and social issues-­ merce and Industry perform an indispensa­ search facilities are considerably limited, so issues that are increasingly determining the ble role in furthering better communications he's more than glad to have information that well-being of our country and the conduct between businessmen and government offi­ will help him do a more efficient job. of our business enterprises. cials. They can be highly effective in han­ For example, I found one Congressman who Mr. Adler pleads his case as a lawyer and dling broad problems that may extend well was deeply interested in the various options former corporate executive concerned with beyond the reach of individual companies. open for funding public education, and our the broad role of business in our society. My But business associations don't relieve the economists at the bank provided him with a own interest in the subject derives from my executive of his own personal responsibilities cost-benefit analysis. A Congressional Com­ personal experiences over the past two years in the government relations area. The time mittee wanted to know how many new manu­ in broadening my contacts with government is long past when top executives could rely facturing plants had been denied natural gas officials in Washington where the "executive entirely on others to do their work of com­ servicing over the past few years, and our silence" is often deafening. municating with government. Energy Division was able to come up with For a few minutes this afternoon, I'd like This is a job that's become too important the answer. During one monetary crisis, a to draw on these experiences and share with for top management to delegate. It has be­ Congressman wanted to explain to his con­ you some thoughts about the increasing need come a do-it-yourself project. The executive stituents what was going on, so I agreed to for more constructive dialogue between busi­ himself can be far more effective in present­ appear as "guest panelist" on his local tele­ nessmen and government officials; the means ing his company's views on major issues than vision program. for accomplishing this; and the benefits that anyone else can on his behalf. Admittedly, these are areas that a bank can be realized from it. During the past two years, as I indicated would be likely to have more background on As for the need, it seems to me that all we earlier, I've tried to practice what I preach than other businesses. But if you take a hard have to do is look around us. We see fully by going to Washington every few weeks look at your own field, the chances are you'll as many decisions being made on the future to talk with Senators, Congressmen and find many information sources that could of business and banking in the halls of Con­ other government officials. prove very helpful to Congressmen and, at gress these days as in corporate board rooms. Washington has been described as a mar­ the same time, provide a means of closer Legislation on auto safety, air and water pol­ velous blend of southern efficiency and north­ communication. lution, packaging requirements, cigarette ad­ ern hospitality. Commuting to there may not As Senators and Representatives are fa­ vertising and other issues has had a profound be everyone's idea of fun. Nonetheless, it is vorably impressed when businessmen do take impact on scores of businesses. the "Headquarters City'• of the world's big­ the time to plead their case personally, the What Congress and the Executive Branch gest borrower, biggest lender and biggest benefits can be well worth the effort. do over the next several months in imple­ spender . . . a "Headquarters City" where This point was underscored a few weeks menting President Nixon's proposals may pos­ each day decisions are made which pro­ ago during the Congressional inquiry into the sibly shape our national economy for years foundly affect our business and personal Lockheed case. When Chairman Wright Pat­ to come. lives. man opened hearings on the legislation, no I might say, parenthetically, that-given Moving around Capitol Hill and calling on fewer than twenty-four bankers appeared to the drift of inflation and the drain on our Federal agencies in downtown Washington testify. Mr. Patmah insisted that we give our dollar reserves-! feel the President had lit­ is the best way I know of getting a "feel" name, rank and serial number. Virtually tle choice except to act as he did in the for which issues are primary and which are every man at the witness table was Chair­ emergency. But it is well to recognize that secondary. No matter how many "confiden­ man or President of his particular bank. the steps he has taken in Phase One will not, tial" reports an executive reads, the only Many Committee members commented ap- October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36567 provingly on the willingness of senior execu­ One Congressman put it this way: "The FEDERAL CHILD CONTROL ACT tives to participate in the hearings them­ only time I see or hear from businessmen is PASSED selves rather than delegating the task. when there is talk of raising taxes or lower­ Another re<:ent illustration of the bene­ ing tariffs. I'd like to see some of them when fits of personal contact involved the issue we're debating significant social issues that of interlocking directorates, a favorite target may not affect them dire<:tly, but will have HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ of corporate critics these days. The current a much greater indire<:t impact on their busi­ OF CALIFORNIA best-seller, "America, Inc.," suggests that a nesses, as well as their personal 11 ves." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES handful of corporations, interlocked with Business exe<:utives usually don't get large banks and insurance companies, con­ where they are unless they are highly able, Monday, October 18, 1971 trol our pocketbook, our environment, our analytical and articulate about business mat­ Mr. SCHMITZ. Mr. Speaker, on health and safety-and-through political ters. Why not then apply these same qualities September 30, by a margin of just three contributions---even the machinery of to the world of social and political activity? government. The alternative may be further waves of re­ votes, the House of Representatives Such extravagant charges and the legisla­ strictive legislation and further shifts ot passed one of the most dangerous pieces tive proposals growing out of them are initiative from the private to the public sec­ of legislation ever to come before Con­ based on the assumption that interlocking tor. gres&-and the competition for that title directorates are inherently evil and auto­ In summary, I a.m utterly convinced that is keen. By 186 votes to 183, the House matically imply the passing of "inside infor- we need more activists in the top ranks ot approved the Comprehensive Child De­ 1ll2.tion." One section of the so-called Bank our business COID.l!lunity-heads of corpora­ velopment Act as an amendment to H.R. Reform Act would have made it virtually im­ tions, who are willing to go to "Headquarters 10351, possible for commercial banks like ours to City" and become personally involved-thus which originally was limited to attract outside businessmen to serve on replacing "executive silence" with raised ex­ continuing programs first authorized by Boards of Directors. ecutive voices on the great issues of the day. the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. The banking community pointed out that, This tremendously significant and far­ under the bill we would have Boards re­ reaching amendment was brought to the stricted largely to retired individuals and House floor with only 24 hours' notice inside directors. By the very nature of their THE STATE OF ALASKA and without benefit of a printed com­ positions, the latter would be subordinate to the Chairman, so he'd have no reru ac­ mittee report. Normal procedures in countability. Many Congressmen saw the va­ handling legislation were thus bypassed lidity of this argument, and these features HON. NICK BEGICH and the time available to consider the have now been modified considerably in the OF ALASKA bill was totally inadequate. latest legislative draft. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Senate passed a substantially However, the benefits of Washington liai­ similar bill September 9. In view of the son work should not be judged solely by the Monday, October 18, 1971 slight differences between the Senate and success or failure of one pie<:e of legislation, Mr BEGICH. Mr. Speaker, when the House versions, there is little hope that but by the opportunity it a1fords to get your Imperial Russian flag was lowered in story across on a sustained basis. It is im­ the really objectionable features will be portant-in fact, imperative--to reinforce Sitka and the Stars and Stripes of the removed in conference committee. The the dialogue between business and govern­ United States raised in its place, a vast bill can only be kept from becoming law ment, especially when you are not asking for new territory became American. We now by a Presidential veto. any favorable consideration. In that way the know it today as the State of Alaska. Of the 183 Members of the House who communications channels will be open for The formal transfer of Russian Amer­ voted against the Comprehensive Child the inevitable occasions when you want a ica to the United States occurred 104 Development Act, 134 are Republicans, Congressman to support your position. years ago today. It was an event that the Now obviously, nobody becomes an expert including Republican Minority Leader on Washington in two years and I am no ex­ Russian civilians regarded with sadness, GERALD R. FORD. Of the 186 who voted for ception, but on the basis of what I've learned while most Americans were far from en­ it, only 21 are Republicans. Clearly, the so far, I would o1fer two concluding sugges­ thusiastic about the acquisition of Alaska. President's party in the House has spoken tions. We can thank Secretary Seward for against this measure and thereby given One is that businessmen are likely to fare his "folly," as it was noted then and be the President grounds to veto the entire better on Capitol Hill if they state positively grateful for the foresight that was his. bill of which it is so important a part. what they are !or rather than harping October 18, 1867, was a "bright and Letters from concerned citizens all over ~verlastingly on what they are against. the country could help persuade him to If you approach a Congressman with con­ beautiful 1ay" in Sitka where the Rus­ structive suggestions you are likely to get a sian past still lives in the names of her do so, despite the inevitable pressures in much more receptive hearing. Particularly is streets, buildings, and many of her cit­ favor of the bill from the media, the edu­ this true if you call on him. while a bill is in izens. cators and the bureaucrats. the formative stages, when changes can easily Though the treaty arranging for the The Comprehensive Child Development be made. transfer was signed in Washington on Act is explicitly aimed at children from On two occasions recently, once in Wash­ March 30, 1867, the actual transfer took one to five, below school age. It sets up ington and once in New York, Congressmen all the machinery and the financing for have discussed with me their initial thoughts place in October. It was at this time on a piece of legislation and asked !or com­ American commissioners were sent to a massive governmental invasion of this ments and even language for the proposed Sitka, the capital, with proper authoriza­ last stronghold of the home, hitherto bill. On other occasions our bank has worked tion to accept the formal surrender of untouched even by the immense appara­ closely with the Executive Branch to provide the territory. tus of compulsory public education. The ideas on implementing Congressional action. The ceremony, which took place on fact that the new programs are not im­ Several Congressmen have complained to Castle Hill at the Governor's residence mediately to be made compulsory is hard­ me that one of the most common mistakes was accompanied by a salute to the flag ly reassuring to those of us who have businessmen make is to wait until the last watched so many new State and Federal minute and then try to summon them off fired by a Russian cannon. With the che House fioor to talk just before the final transfer, Great Britain remained the programs begin as "voluntary" and then, vote. Legislators resent this-a.nd I suspect only European power with possessions on once established and increasingly power­ you and I would, too, if we were in their the mainland of North America. hungry, come to be regarded as the natu­ place. The Federal Government erected bar­ ral and inevitable repositories of a stead­ The only thing worse is to say nothing at racks at a number of points and for 10 ily broadening scope of compulsory all during the weeks a b1ll is up for commit­ years an Army officer represented the authority. tee hearings and debate, then write your Congressman a brusque letter of complaint. authorities in Washington. After a short Therefore, the most important fact More than one Oongressman has noted rue­ time, the army troops were withdrawn about the comprehensive child develop­ fully tha-t after having voted "Yee." on a and a naval officer stationed at Sitka ment programs authorized by this bill is measure on which his pre-vote mail had been represented the Government. not the powers now given to the agen­ running 5 to 1 in favor-he finds that the Now, 104 years later, Alaska is on the cies that will run them, but the purposes post-vote mail abusing him for his stand threshold of great development. No one outnumbers the letters of thanks by 10 to 1! that are set for them. The bill lists 13 My second and final suggestion, is that is more pleased than I am to extend my separate purposes for which Federal businessmen should be prepared and willing good wishes to the people of the State of "child development" funds may be used. to speak out on soclaJ. as well as economic Alaska and especially to the people of including-in addition to basic day issues. Sitka where it all began. care--"comprehensive physical and men- 36568 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 tal health, social, and cognitive develop .. BRIDGES TO TOMORROW AMERICA NEEDS THE COLLEGE ment services---specially designed health, But the American College in Jerusalem has social, and educational programs in­ survived and will grow and develop from this cluding afterschool, summer, weekend, HON. LESTER L. WOLFF day forth, with giant steps, because the need vacation, and overnight programs­ OF NEW YORK for the College is as essential for the future of Israel and America as its conception is a medical, psychological, educational, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES natural outgrowth of our common historic other appropriate diagnosis and identifi­ Monday, October 18, 1971 heritage. Most American colleges established cation of visual, dental, hearing, speech, outside the fifty states, as many within nutritional, and other physical, mental, Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I recently American borders, were founded for mis­ and emotional barriers to full partici­ had the good fortune to read the speech sionary purposes or as bearers of the "white pation in child development programs, which Rabbi Avraham Soltes delivered man's burden" of enlightenment to back­ with appropriate treatment to overcome last spring at the first commencement at ward natives. The American College in Jeru­ such barriers-utilization of child advo­ the American College Jerusalem. Dr. salem was born of neither of these two pas­ cates to work on behalf of children and Soltes is a distinguished American schol­ sions. It is nondenominational in concept and spirit; and it comes to a country th • ~t parents to secure them full access to ar whom I have been lucky enough to enjoys one of the highest proportions of ill­ other services, programs, or activities in­ know personally over the years. tellectual activity in the world. Israel does tended for the benefit of children." Rabbi Soltes' message of American­ not need the American College to educate All of this refers primarily to children Israeli friendship and the value of edu­ its sons and daughters in the arts or sciences, under the age of 6, and all of it is to be cation is one that should matter to all or the "democratic way of life." We Ameri­ carried out by the Government in con­ Americans. His sensitivity to the tradi­ cans need the American College in Jerusalem tions of our great country run through and Israel needs its potential influence be­ formity with policies laid down by a new cause of the blessing and enrichment and Office of Child Development in the De­ his eloquent speech. Perhaps as impor­ broadening of perspective that such an in­ partment of Health, Education, and Wel­ tant as the concepts with which Dr. depth cultural exchange can offer. Only a fare which this bill would create. Soltes dealt last June was the very exist­ college which enlightens students, not with The potential for abuse should be ob­ ence of the American College in Jerusa­ a random ballet performance, with a quick vious simply from reading the list of lem. This is a nonsectarian, international tour of historic sites or clever nightclubs or purposes. No facet of a child's life is school which can play an important role a smattering of folk songs, but with a regu­ omitted. The intention is clearly to put in healing the wounds in the Middle East. lar full-time program of study, can build The American citizens who created this those spiritual bridges of shared experience Government in place of the parent--the and gradual enlightenment that alone can ultimate threat to the family. institution rightfully understood that make for genuine peace and mutual respect bridging the communications gap is an and affection between peoples. essential step in resolving human differ­ A thousand American students studying ences. each year at this college in a language and SBA OFFICE IS HONORED IN I am certain that over the years, with system akin to that which they know at NEWARK our support, that the American College home, sitting at the feet of an international in Jerusalem will become an even more faculty with the opportunity to convey its S~Ccumulated expertise and experience in the HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. important center of scholarship and un­ flexible, linguistic symbols most comfortable derstanding. Because of the relevance of OF NEW JERSEY for them-such a continuous student body Rabbi Soltes' speech I would like to in­ over many years, can help significantly to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clude excerpts from it in the RECORD at span the ugly chasm in the true understand­ Monday, October 18, 1971 this point. ing of Israel by Americans--a chasm that is The excerpts follow: broadened each day by the sensation-seeking Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, recently I media, who search assiduously for titillating had the singular honor and privilege of BRIDGES TO TOMORROW: COMMENCEMENT An­ gossip of petty hostilities and add by radio presenting a longtime friend and excel­ DRESS AMERICAN COLLEGE IN JERUSALEM, and T.V. that which is unfit to print. lent administrator, Andrew P. Lynch, FIRST COMMENCEMENT JUNE 13, 1971 A thousand American students a year, with an award for being named district (By Avraham Soltes, M.A., M. H. L., Rabbi, some of whom will fall in love with the land office of the year by the Small Business D.D., DH.L.) or its people and rexnain to settle, and some I deem it a great privilege to stand before of whom will return to their communities in Administration. you this day and share with you-facuLty, the United States to correct the distortions Andy Lynch's Newark office has been students, parents, and members of the of the press and its allies, will provide a liv­ named regional office of the year four American and Israel communities--this his­ ing bridge between our peoples. times and has now been singled out as toric moment at which we salute the first A thousand serious American students the best in the country. I know of no flowering of a sturdy sapling, whose roots coming to Israel each year to learn its life in public servant who deserves this recog­ sink deep in the nutritive soil of our nations' depth also will provide Israelis with a healthy nition more than Andy Lynch. ideologies and whose potential fruit may help corrective to the narrow picture of the "ugly bring closer the visions of their inspired American" which so many of them have An article follows: seers. found-a picture based on the footloose, [From the Sunday Star-Ledger, Sept. 19, Like most firm ideas which are planted in spoiled, escapist vactionists and sensation­ 1971] worked-over soil, the concept of an Ameri­ seekers who have comprised much of visiting SBA OFFICE Is HONORED IN NEWARK can College in Jerusalem has encountered American youth, and the "show me" adult The Newark District Office of the Small rocks and boulders that have tended to block contributors to Israeli causes and institu­ Business Administration has been named na­ the seedling's early growth. Individuals with tions, who fail to realize that financing is tional "District Office of the Year." childish perspectives have tied cans of as­ one element in a partnership of rescue and The district office, headed by Andrew P. persions to the first budding branches, and rehabilitation that also calls for blood, tears Lynch, was organized by Lynch seven years politicians with a Bedouin mentality of xeno­ and courage in equal measures. ago as a post-of-duty station with two per­ phobia have endeavored to uproot the ten­ AMERICAN CULTURAL SOURCES sons on the staff. It now employs 50 people der tree as their mental predecessors tried to American culture, like all cultures, has and serves the entire state. It has been pull out the first plantings of Israel's youth• been shaped by the syncretism of many named "Regional Office of the Year" four fui Halutzim. sources and the blending of many elements. times since it became a district office five But, like Israel and like the American Pil­ In our case, the mixture is so recent, that years ago. grim fathers, the College has survived its the major ingredients are easily discernible: Despite the fact the Newark office is sur­ impediments. Only deep religious devotion ( 1) the Zanet-vast in size, rich in soil and passed in size by a number of others, its can account adequately for the survival of the fruits of forest and stream; protected volume of work is second to none. During the Plymouth Colony and for the existence by great oceans that wash its coasts with the past year its financial assistance divi• of later Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, commerce and the treasures of the sea; sion interviewed 10,158 prospective loan ap­ Maryland, and Pennsylvania colonies. Only oceans that isolate it at will from the his­ plicants and approved loans amounting to an equal devotion to Hebrew ideals of dig­ toric hostilities of its mother countries. about $17 million. nity, non-exploitation and love of the land (2) the people-the restless, independent Its procurement assistance division helped can explain the parallel survival of the elements of older cultures- hundreds of small firms obtain government Halutzim who restored the swamps and wild­ The mavericks, the adventurers, contracts. Its management assistance divi­ erness of this land, its cities and its rocky The oppressed and the enterprising. sion, assisted by volunteer groups, provided hillsides, in the face of overwhelming ob­ Individuals who uprooted themselves from management training, business publicatlona stacles of nature, of spoliation and the the security of the known, who were not and counseling for more than 12,000 persons. powerful forces of human envy. content with the liinitations of established October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36569 f')rms and doctrines, and who moved out d€cisions, the Bible continued in wide use which appeared October 3 in the San to the dangerous and unknown trails and as a public school reader. Francisco Chronicle-Examiner maga­ trials of a new land where all men might AMERIG:AN LITERATURE zine, "This World," which should be of be considered equal. It was these dissenters and their heirs who constantly broke new Whether the Bible is appropriate reading special interest to all Members from Cal­ v-ound in America, pushed out new fron­ for American public schools, there can be ifornia. It is a concise and fascinating l.iers as soon as the old wilderness became lit tle doubt that the spirit and imagery of account of the course of water and power too fixed, and shaped the ranches and farms Hebrew lore have saturated American litera­ in my home State of California. It points character of the American people. ture and thinking. I will not burden a well­ out that legislation introduced by the and industries that have made for the open lettered audience like this with a patchwork of literary allusions to document this the· Honorable ROB!!:RT KASTENMEIER will go ( 3 ~ The third element in this compound, a long way toward remedying this situ­ the one that, perhaps, most of all, gave sis-hundreds of essays and volumes have American culture its most distinctive per· -already done so, with great thoroughness: ation, which is already serious. sonality and institutions was it s religious Melville's Use of the Bible, Melville's QuarreZ The article follows: heritage, derived from an anthology of He· with God, Melville's Religious Thought are TH'!: GREAT TRAGEDY OF OUR WASTED \VATER but three examples of dozens of analyses of brew manuscript fragments. It was com· (By Harold Gilliam) posed two to four thousand years earlier, one American author's indebtedness to the on this very soil whereon we stand today, Hebr ew-concepts and style. When the first Northern California water and it tolr'. the story of a "peculiar" people, I would like to cite, instead, one American :flows through the new Tehachapi tunnel to fathered by a series of God·intoxicated men scholar and gentleman who capsulized the Sout hern California next Thursday, the air who believed they were especially endowed iniluence of Isr-ael's thinking of the Ameri­ will doubtless blossom with oratory as :florally with a blueprint for human society that c::.n spirit with incomparable clarity. His dazzling as a Pasadena parade :float on New could bring man close to an ideal pattern name was John Jay Chapman, translator of Year's Day. of peace and mutual confidence. The three Greek tragedies, quoted by William The State Water Project is a mighty engi­ American colonists called this collection of James in Varieties of Religious Experience, neering achievement unmatched in human historical, hortatory, legal, and poetical where he called him, "a profound moralist," history, the orators and press agents will pro­ fragments the Bible (the book.) They read dubbed by Edmund Wilson, the critic, "an claim, a tribute to foresight and ingenuity; its words with reverence, internalized its American classic." He was a devout Episco­ it is the world's longest aqueduct system, teachings, and sought to realize its princi· palian all his life, a vestryman of his church. bringing water to a parched land and making pies and institutions with an almost fa· In Chapman and His Letters he is quoted as the desert blossom as the biblical rose. natlcal literalness-to build a Bible common· follows: There is considerable truth in these claims. wealth in America, a "wilderness Zion." "There is a depth of human feeling in the Leaving aside the question as to whether the Jew that no other race ever possessed. We deserts should be developed, the project is SOCIAL STRUCTURI!: do no more than imitate and follow it. These undeniably an immense engineering feat. But The Biblical concern for the poor, the or­ Jews are more human than any other men. the oratory obscures the facts of water, pol­ phaned, the underPrivileged was transmuted It is the cause of the spread of their religion, itics and power in California as effectively as by them not only into institutions that to for we are all adopted into Judah. The heart the blossoms on the Rose Parade :floats hide this day make public welfare and compensa­ of the world is Jewish. I'm glad I am a the machinery underneath. tion rights in America, rather than benefac­ Jew.... " The State Water Project has been criticized tions, but they rejected the rigid social dis­ In this world of cynicism and short range as a misbegotten boondoggle, draining bil­ tinctions of England and the Continent and self-interest, in which few individuals and lions of dollars from the pockets of the tax­ developed the "proposition" that all men are still fewer nations seem to operate by prin­ payers, taking away water needed in the created equal-respect for the dignity of the ciples other than greed and fear, in which North in order to enrich land speculators, individual, regardless of his economic posi­ political alliances come and go with the in­ enable promotors to stake out subdivisions in tion or biological heritage. constant winds of trade, a genuine friend­ the rtesert, and make possible another dou· UNIVERSAL EDUCATION ship, like that of Israel and America, is a bling of a Southern California population From the first century, when Joshua ben rare jewel, to be constantly polished and that is already too large for the carrying Gamala instituted a system of universal pub­ held aloft for all the world to see and under­ capacity of the land. lic education in every town in Israel, no na­ stand. HOW MUCH WATER? tion, until America, developed institutions TRAIN AMERICAN STATE DEPARTMENT AND For better or for worse, however, the cur· that would refiect such a strong belief in CHURCH LEADERS HERE rent phase of the State Water Project is education's magic powers. No other people Would it not serve the best interests of mostly built, and water will shortly be flow­ has struggled harder to fashion a system that both our countries if future State Depart­ ing through it. Nevertheless, Californians still would not infringe upon individual freedom ment officials and American church leaders have to make some vital decisions: or religious autonomy. received their training in Middle Eastem af­ How much water should :flow south As in the case of the faith of Israel, the fairs here, at the American College in Jeru­ through the system? Should the Peripheral absence of an intermediary ' in worship for salem, instead of at the American University Canal be built, diverting fresh water from the Puritan required the individual to read in Beirut or Cairo where they must con­ the San Francisco Bay-Delta system to im­ for himself the word of God described in stantly prove that they are not imperialists prove the quality of water going south Scripture and, therefore, dema.nded a system by espousing consistent anti-Israel positions? through the aqueducts? of universal education. Well into the seven­ Here in the lucid, Jerusalem atmosphere, Should further dams be built on Northern teenth .century, the prime purpose of the they might be inspired to remember again California rivers, particularly the Eel, Kla­ English university was to supply clergymen that the faith in truth and justice and com· math and Trinity, also to provide additional for the Anglican Church (which is why we passion which has weathered Nevuzaradan water to :flow southward to the San Joaquin still wear these clericals at college commence­ and Hadrian, which has outlived Vespasian valley and Southern California? ments), and grammar schools, headed by and Hitler, this faith which America and Underlying all these problems is a basic clergymen, prepared boys for the Church of Israel have shared for centuries, will endure England. In America, where the Puritans were question that the proponents of the Cali­ and shine with the rising sun long after the fornia Water Plan have never answered: building the New City of God, every member fitful light of self-serving friendship will be required sufficient education to read the How long can the state go on sending addi­ buried with the oil an atomic generation will tional water from limited supplies in the blueprints of the city, in the Bible, for him­ no longer need. self. The intellectual leaders studied Hebrew, North to satisfy the unlimited demands of From the highlands of the Hudson, to the a continually growing populat ion in the Targum and Talmud, and many baccalaure­ hills of Jerusalem, we bring you greetings ate theses at 17th century Harvard were Sout h? devoted to the fine points of Hebrew gram· on this your first commencement day: Are promoters entitled to stake out land mar. Peace, salutations of affection and praise developments anywhere in the arid regions By the time of the Revolution, the leaders to those across the distance--for they are as and demand the government supply them of the Continental Congress realized that the dear as those who are near. with water? American democratic experiment depended TRAGIC WASTE upon a vastly expanded educational base. The root of the matter is that water plan­ While Jefferson and Madison and the dom­ WATER POLITICS IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA ning in California, like planning for free­ inating Humanists pushed for a tax-sup­ ways, utilities and virtually everything else, ported public school system, devoid of sec­ has been single-purpose planning, carried tarian teaching, Dr. Benjamin Rush, physi­ HON. DON EDWARDS out in a vacuum, without any guiding state cian, educator and signer of the Declaration policies on how population should be dis· of Independence, championed Bible study in OF CALIFORNIA tributed or how land should be used. all public schools. His A Defense of the Use IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The result is a tragic waste of invaluable of the Bible as a School Book argued that Monday, October 18, 1971 resources-the paving over of prime soils the Bible emphasized those democratic prin­ that should remain in agriculture, the goug­ ciples toward which all Americans were Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. ing of hills that should be preserved as striving--end until recent Supreme Court Speaker, I would like to share an article ~nic open space, the subdivision of deserts 36570 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 that should remain deserts, all at tremen­ dilemmas. In areas served by a Federal water THE MOSS SURVEY dous expense to the taxpayer. Fortunately, a project, the Government would buy the ex­ bill has been introduced in Congress to make cess lands, above 160 acres, at pre-water possible large-scale land planning and also prices. to enable the taxpayers to recover for public (The blll would not affect the present HON. JOHN E. MOSS purposes some of the staggering amounts policy of allowing owners ten years to sell OF CALIFORNIA that go into water projects. It would affect their excess lands.) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Government would then sell or lease lands serviced by Federal water projects not Monday, October 18, 1971 state or local projects. the land in 160-acre or smaller plots at post­ water prices on condition that it be used in Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, in late AN OLD LAW accordance with ecologically sound land California's principal water systems-the planning. The best farm soils could be August, I once again sought the views of federally-built Central Valley Project and reserved for agriculture; other lands could be my constituents on a number of major the State Water Project-both distribute used for urban purposes, including new cities, issues facing our Nation. Approximately water from northern rivers to southern arid with ample provision for recreation and green 26,700 persons participated in my sur­ regions. But Federal water is cheaper for belts. vey which was mailed to every home in the user than state ~ater because it enjoys MONEY FOR OTHERS California's Third CongressiCJnal Dis­ a larger subsidy; agricultural land owners The net proceeds from the sales or leases trict. get the water for a fraction of its cost to the would go into a special "education, conserva­ Results of my poll show crime as the Government. tion and economic opportunity fund." most urgent problem of concern to re­ One might wonder how Congress could Seventy per cent would go to public educa­ justify voting for projects that give immense tion; ten per cent to the existing Land and sidents in the Sacramento County area. subsidies to large land holders. The answer Water Conservation Fund used for such pur­ Ranked behind crime in order of priority lies in an old law that has been a fighting poses as national parks; and 20 per cent for issues are pollution and ecology, infla­ phrase in the West for generations-the Government-sponsored job opportunities for tion, welfare reform, unemployment, and 160-acre limitation. farm workers and similar programs. the Vietnam war. Drug abuse was also Under the law, Federal water cannot be The bill has several purposes: It would l1sted as a prominen~ issue of concern. delivered to more than 160 acres held by any give excess land owners a guaranteed market The Vietnam war issue ranked third one person, unless that owner agrees to sell for their surplus acreage. It would make his lands in excess of 160 acres. (And he ecological land planning possible over large with female respondents, but took a sixth must sell the land at the price the property areas. It would recover for public purposes a 'POsition of importance with male par­ would command without the Federal water.) substantial portion of the multi-billion­ ticipants. Compared to my 1970 question­ The purp~ of the law was to prevent big dollar public investment in water projects. It naire. crime has moved from No.2 con­ land holders from reaping a bonanza in would bring some logic into the whole con­ cern to No. 1. Last year's results showed water subsidies at the taxpayers' expense. fused field of water planning. pollution and ecology as the No. 1 con­ The idea was that the "excess" land would And that, Heaven knows, would be some~ cern with crime, inflation, the Vietnam be sold in plots of 160 acres or less (or 320 thing new. war, and drug abuse following in that for man and wife), spreading the benefits order. among "family-sized" farms. At this point in the RECORD, I am in­ SHORTAGE OF BUYERS TRAINING AND CONDITIONING serting the list of questions I asked In practice, the 160-acre limitation has and the results: not been working very well. One reason is OF ATHLETES that in some cases there have been few Moss QuESTIONN AmE RESULTS buyers for the excess lands the big land own­ 1. Of the following issues, which do you ers are required to sell. HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN consider to be the most urgent problem? (The results are shown as the respondents Why the shortage of buyers? The answer OF NEW JERSEY depends on your point of view. Those who ranked the issues.) (1) Crime, (2) Pollution IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oppose the 160-acre l~w claim that a 160- and Ecology, (3) Inflation, (4) Welfare Re­ acre farm is too small to pay off in Cali­ lvionduy, October 18, 1971 form, (5) Unemployment, (6) Viet.nam War, fornia, where agricultural operations have (7) Drug Abuse, (8) Race Relations, (9) Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, my heart Health, (10) Consumer Protection, (11) reached a size unknown elsewhere in the bleeds for my favorite football team, the Family Planning, (12) Space Explora.tion, world. · (13) Middle East Conflict, (14) Housing These are the "factories in the field," the New York Jets, because five of our top men, like Joe Namath, are out due to in- . Shortage. huge, mass-production corporate farms run­ 2. How long are you willing to keep United ning into tens of thousands of acres and juries. Keeping our athletes in shape is States troops in Vietnam combat? using technologies the small farmer pre• a habit with my friend, Dr. Max M. No­ (a) no longer (47 petcent); sumably cannot compete with. vich, an orthopedic surgeon, who has (b) until December 31, 1971 (17 percent); ABOLISH SUBSIDmS? spent his life treating athletes who have (c) 1 to 2 years (10 percent); (d) as long as the President desires (23 Not so, say the defenders of the 160: By pulled ligaments, tendons, and have had bursitis. percent) . forming cooperatives or renting equipment, 3. My last questionnaire results showed 160-acre farmers can and do make use of Dr. Novich and "Buddy" Taylor havP. published a very practical book for any pollution and ecology as the number one large-scale technology. national priority issue. With this in mind, are So go the arguments. The logical way out one interested in athletes; and it is espe­ you willing to pay higher taxes and tolerate might seem to be to abolish water subsidies cially valuable to any coach or team phy­ possible daily inconveniences in order to entirely and require users-whatever acreage sician who wants a valuable reference for eliminate the menace of water and air pol­ they hold-to pay the full cost of delivering a more detailed study of bones, muscles, lution through the enactment of strict fed­ the water. Unfortunately, most farmers could ligaments, and tendons. Certainly the au­ eral controls and standards? not afford the water if they had to pay the thor has enormous training-room experi­ Yes (61 percent); No (22 percent); Un­ full cost. ence which goes back to the days he was decided (12 percent). In 1968 a committee appointed by Gover­ on the boxing team at Duke University. 4. Do you favor strong anticrime Iegisla~ nor Ronald Reagan recommended that the He has written "Training and Condi­ tion even to the point of reducing individual 160-acre limitation be eliminated and that rights as in allowing forcible police entry to owners of holdings larger than 640 acres be tioning of Athletes," a manual for train­ your home, telephone taps, etc. (with court billed at higher rates that would pay for a ers and physicians, with Henry "Buddy" approval)? portion of the subsidy. But the taxpayers Taylor who trained our Olympic and Yes (47 percent); No (44 percent); Un­ would stUI foot most of the blll. And Con­ Maccabiah Games. decided (5 percent). gress has repeatedly refused to repeal the I can recommend this book as the most 5. Would you be willing to see your wages 160-acre provision. compact informational manual on the and prices federally controlled 1n order to diagnosis and treatment of injuries or ill­ combat inflation? SOUND LAND PLANNING Yes (66 percent); No (18 percent); Unde­ The measure now before Congress (H.R. nesses. Of particular interest is the dis­ cided (8 percent). 5236, embodied in a bill by Wisconsin Repre­ cussion and use of drugs to improve per­ 6. Do you feel that peaceful mass demon­ sentative Robert Kastenmeier and identical formance. strations of dissent by opponents of U.S. bills later introduced by five other Congress­ This book is a must in the library ot policies in Indochina serve a useful pur­ men), seems a promising way out of several all lovers of sport. pose? October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36571 Yes (38 percent); No .(47 percent); Unde­ BOY SCOUTS ENDORSE YOUTH I would encourage my colleagues to give cided (7 percent). CAMP SAFETY serious consideration to title 19 of the 7. Do you favor the U.S. establishing rela­ Higher Education Act and approve it to tions with the People's Republic of China (Red China)? insure that next summer, young camp­ Yes (64 percent); No (17 percent); Un­ HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS ers will be properly safeguarded. decided (11 percent). OF NEW JERSEY 8. Should the U.S. and Russia. insist upon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a "solution" to the Israel-Arab conflict even though Israel or the Arab countries might Monday, October 18, 1971 SOVIET JEWRY CRISIS object to the "solution" of the big powers? Mr. DANIELS of New Jersey. Mr. Yes (19 percent); No (57 percent); Un­ Speaker, every summer thousands of decided (13 percent). children are sent to camp by parents who HON. FRANK J. BRASCO 9. To attack unemployment, do you favor believe that their children will be prop­ OF NEW YORK intensive federal programs of job training, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES retraining where necessary, and job reloca­ erly supervised in a safe and healthy tion? environment. Unfortunately, this is often Monday, October 18, 1971 Yes (61 percent); No (21 percent); Un~ not the case. Inadequate safety regula­ Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, due to the decided (8 percent). tions and negligence have frequently 10. Do you favor supplementing our pres­ urgency of the Soviet Jewry crisis, the resulted in injury and death. National Conference on Soviet Jewry is ent Social Security System with automatic With the rise in camping, there is an cost-of-living increases? holding sessions October 22 through Yes (71 percent); No (15 percent); Un­ acknowledged need for effective and October 25 in New York City. I submit decided (6 percent). comprehensive recreational safety legis­ for the RECORD at this time the following 11. Do you favor enactment of a compre­ lation. The Youth Camp Safety Act has material pertinent to that conference: been accepted by the Committee on Edu­ hensive national health insurance program, WE CAN Do BETTER-TOGETHER! essentially patterned upon the model of the cation and Labor as an amendment to Social Security System, to guarantee quality the Higher Education Act of 1971 and is The tinder that feeds the fires in the health services for every American? streets of Jerusalem is drawn from the hulks scheduled to reach the House floor for a of rotting shacks. The critical shortage of Yes (59 percent); No (22 percent); Un­ vote within the immediate future. Pub­ decent housing in the State of Israel is decided (9 percent). lic response to the incorporation of this dividing a nation between have's and have­ 12. To control increased drug abuse, do you safety legislation in the education bill not's. It is a greater threat to peace and favor an extensive program of education in has been overwhelmingly favorable. My stability in the land than all the combined the schools and more rehabilitation and military power of the enemy from without. treatment centers? subcommittee has received the endorse­ ment of not only the American Camping The arrival of Jewish repatriates from the Yes (71 percent); No (13 percent); Un­ USSR at the rate of 1,000 to 1,500 per month decided (6 percent). Association, the largest camping repre­ has only served to aggravate the situation. 13. Do you support the President's proposed sentative in the country, but also the The rumbles of protest from self-styled changes in welfare based on the two essen­ Boy Scouts of America which is respon­ "Black Panthers" over alleged favoritism tials of work incentives and guaranteed an­ sible for the lives and safety of approxi­ shown to the newcomers is but the token nual income? mately 5 million boys. of a deeper more widespread bitterness Yes (43 percent); No (26 percent); Unde­ Organizations such as the Boy Scouts bubbling beneath the surface. More than cided (20 percent). 100,000 families in Israel living in the most 14. Given widespread dissatisfaction wtth have afforded the opportunity of safe substandard housing have suddenly been the present automobile insurance system do and educational camping to generations awakened from a 20 year slumber. They are you favor a federal "no-fault" system under of young boys. However, many camps are asking hard questions about such things which your right to compensation for body not covered by the same high standards as "discrimination," "priorities" and "sec­ injury in the event of an accident would be which govern the operation of the 600 ond-class citizenship" and they are demand­ provided by your own insurer without court Boy Scout camps. Few States have es­ ing answers. Should Jewish repatriation from litigation? tablished even basic sanitation laws and the USSR incren.se by any appreciable extent Yes (67 percent); No (12 percent); Unde­ even fewer States have the enforcement over the coming months--as it surely will­ cided ( 13 percent) . without a commensurate increase in new 15. Do you feel that the expected participa­ apparatus to prevent the violation of housing construction, the stage will be set tion of millions of new young voters will minimal State regulation. for an internal conflict that could well make constructive social change in America. Because of their 60 years of camping destroy the State of Israel and the future more possible than it is now? experience, the Boy Scouts recognize the hopes of three and a half million Russian Yes (39 percent); No (40 percent); Unde­ urgent need for safety legislation and Jews. cided (12 percent). support the youth camp safety provi­ We will meet in New York on October 22nd 16. To improve our children's educational sion of the Higher Education Act. After to form a national people's movement de­ experience, do you favor increased federal aid voted solely and exclusively to Russian reviewing my amendment to the higher Jewry. If there is one priority above all to all levels of education? education bill, the national headquar­ Yes (54 percent); No (30 percent); Unde­ others to which that movement must address cided (8 percent). ters of the Boy Scouts wrote me of their itself, it is the housing crisis in Israel. For support: without adequate housing to accommodate The Boy Scouts of America knows the im­ them our efforts to achieve the mass repatria­ portance of proper standards in camping. We tion of Soviet Jews to their historic home­ subscribe to Title 19 of the Higher Educa­ land are doomed from the start. MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN­ In all fairness, it must be said that Israel HOW LONG? tion Act, the current revision of the Youth Camp Safety Act. We commend you and the has given priority to a solution of the hous­ members of the Subcommittee on their ef­ ing problem. The State is fully aware of the forts in behalf of our youth. potential for tragedy inherent in a situa• HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE tion in which the newcomers must be OF IOWA Furthermore, the Boy Scouts indicated quickly and permanently settled if their their desire to assist in the promulgation cherished repatriation is not to become a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of this legislation: travesty while established residents with far Monday, October 18, 1971 different cultural roots stand waiting and We wl11 be happy to serve in any advisory watching in the wings. But the State also Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a dlild role on which we may be called. If this bill faces a defense budget that consumes up­ asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: is passed, we will be pleased to work with wards of 40 cents out of every dollar, a bil­ "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my the Secretary of HEW in developing such lion dollar trade imbalance, a lack of raw husband alive or dead?" standards as will carry out the intent of this building materials and a dire shortage o! Communist North Vietnam is sadisti­ bill. skilled construction labor. What it lacks most Certainly, the approbation of the Boy is money to institute the crash housing pro­ cally practicing spiritual and mental gram that alone can save Israel from cata­ genocide on over 1,600 American pris­ Scouts merits great consideration. Who strophic social upheaval. Yet that social up­ oners of war and their families. knows better than the expert why camp heav.al is already upon the State. Consider How long? safety legislation is necessary. Therefore, the following random selection Of June 36572 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 cables from the wires of the Jewish Tele­ ADOPT A RUSSIAN JEWISH FAMILY are very weak. None of the architectural or graphic Agency: . We know that 80,000 Jewish families in engineering faculties here teach scheduling JTA-June 9th (Jerusalem Mayor Teddy the USSR have already made application or execution. One of the American innova­ Kollek)-"There are 3,000 families living in with the Soviet Ministry of the Interior for tions Israel could adopt is the modular sys­ absolute inadequate apartments in Jeru­ exit visas to reunite with their relatives in tem-entire kitchen and bathroom units that salem. I can understand the anguish of a Israel. They are leaving the USSR at the are .~rought ready made to the building site father who could not provide 'for his children rate of 1,000 to 1,500 per month. They will and could not house them adequately. These continue to leave in perhaps far greater num­ To recapitulate the Research Institute po­ people clamor for the Government to do bers than anyone presently imagines. sition, the Family Adoption Plan, of which more than they have done so far. The Gov­ Every Jewish community in the United the housing scheme is an integral part, will, ernment is making a great effort to alleviate States must institute an emergency cam­ in addition to its electrifying impact on the the situation.... " paign to adopt one, two or more of these Russian Jews: JTA-June 13th-"Youths of Africa and families. Such a step would carry with it 1. Relieve Israel of the financial burden of Asian descent who have served in the Israeli the obligation to provide a completed hous­ resettling the incoming repatriates, freeing Army and are trying to establish families ing unit--ready and waiting for the family available resources for use in improving the cannot find housing because during 1949- when it arrives in Israel. All of this would, lot of established citizens. 1970 Israel allocated only 6,000 units for of course, be administered in close coopera­ 2. Cement an:.. inseparable tie between young immigrant couples.... " tion with the Israeli Government. American Jewish Community groups and JTA-June 17th-"Rabbi Arthur Hertz­ In a Position Paper published several years Jewish families in the USSR. berg of Temple Emanuel in Englewood, New ago by the undersigned members of the Re­ 3. Provide a concrete answer to the plaint Jersey, observed that according to Govern­ search Institute on Soviet Jewry, the authors constantly heard at the grass roots: "What ment statistics, 20 per cent of the families in addressed themselves to the special economic, can I do for Russian Jews besides demon­ Israel live below the poverty line. It is diffi­ social and psychological probleins arising out strating and signing petitions?" cult to understand the indifference of lead­ of the sudden transition from a totalitarian 4. Convince the Soviet Government as well ers, rabbis and intellectuals. Solving the pov­ to a free and competitive society. It was as our own that American Jewry has cast erty problem is no less important than the urged at the time that special task 'forces be aside all remaining doubt that the USSR will de'fense of Israel. ..." created in Israel and other Free World Jewish indeed "let our people go" and that we are JTA-June 23rd-"Joseph Shamir, direc­ communities to study the problem and at­ determined to play the key role in their tor general of the Housing Ministry told a tempt to find solutions. The late Prime peaceful integration into the mainstream of meeting of the Jewish Agency Assembly's Minister Levi Eshkol to his credit did take Jewish life within the Jewish national home• Housing Committee that Israel has 111,000 some action on the matter. Regrettably, how­ land. families in need of adequate housing and to ever, the response was limited. Israel had satisfy only half of that need would cost $350 more pressing probleins at hand at the time NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOVIET JEWRY million. Even if the funds were available, it and the repatriation of Russian Jews seemed 1. REBELS AND STATESMEN would be difficult to speed up the rate of far off indeed. Despite some notable achievements outside housing construction because of the shortage This study (copies may be obtained free the framework of the Establishment, the of skilled labor." of charge by writing to the Research Insti­ American Jewish effort on behalf of captive Now, balance this deteriorating housing tute) has now been updated to include the Russian Jewry has been a failure principally situation against the following facts: results of recent research on American because it has had virtually no national im­ The incoming Jewish repatriates from the methods of tackling similar housing probleins pact or nationally directed grass-roots sup­ USSR are repatriates. They are not displaced currently extant in the U.S. Again, though port. persons. They are coming to Israel by choice; no instant solutions are to be found, the The body that should have been nominally in some cases, they are making considerable results all seem to point in one direction: responsible for such an effort, the American material sacrifices in pursuit of an ideal. Modular Housing. Jewish Conference on Soviet Jewry, has The incoming Russian Jews are for the Modular housing has a number of inherent proven to be little more than a sounding most part a literate, highly educated group advantages over the more conventional forms board for the views of 28 national organiza­ of professionals-doctors, engineers, physic­ of housing and these advantages are of tions, none of which has ever listed Russian ists, chemists, teachers, artists and journal­ critical importance for Israel: Jewry as its first order of business. The ists. They cannot be housed in Maarbarot or It is fast. Components are cut or pre-cast American Jewish Conference will remain a put to work sweeping the streets. They bring at factory level and simply erected at the sounding board and 'the 28 national organi­ to Israel talents, skills and ideas sorely building site. zations will adhere to their well established needed. Israel must create the conditions It is comparatively cheap. Pre-casts can be priorities. that will enable these talents and ideals to cut out of cinder-block or a variety of other On the local level, the various Councils flourish. local building materials at hand. Nothing and other regional and student groups, often Unlike their counterparts from the West, has to be imported. in spontaneous reaction to crises that have the incoming Soviet Jews have lived under It requires a minimum of skilled labor. On­ faced Soviet Jews over the past decade, have a government that for all its totalitarian evils site carpenters, masons, plumbers etc. are done an exemplary job of creating a public does provide housing, jobs and schooling for practically unnecessary for installation of awareness of the problem in the communities its citizens as a matter of public policy. modular housing units. In which they function. However, because Nothing in the background of these Jews At a recent modular housing display at the the local demonstrations and other forins has equipped them for the task of competing Whitney Museum of Art in New York City, of political action have been largely unco­ for these essential services and goods in an the chief attraction was a modular prototype ordinated, their impact on the national, not open marketpla<:e. designed by the architectural firm of Wells/ to mention, the international scene, has been Given these facts, the Government of Koetter and built by General Shelter Corpo­ minimal. Israel must become the provider of these ration of Waverly, N.Y. The prototype was As has a-lready been noted in the accom­ basic essentials. And the most basic essen­ awarded top honors at the show. While the panying news release, the Research Institute tial of all is decent housing. It must do Research Institute has no ties of any kind on Soviet Jewry and other organizers of the this .... with General Shelter Corp., we have been October 22-25 National Conference at the despite a critical inability to provide hous­ fortunate in persuading the chief engineer New York Hilton Hotel, have assumed no ing for its own native born population, of this leader in the field of modular housing mandate for the creation of a national peo­ despite the inevitable intensification of construction to address our October National ple's movement dedicated solely and exclu­ class conflict between Eastern and Western Conference at the New York Hilton Hotel. sively to Russian Jewry. Such a movement-­ Jewry. His subject, illustrated with slides and film, to be specific, the components of such a And yet in plain fact, Israel cannot ac­ will be Modular Housing: Solution to the movement--already exists among the various complish these ends, under present limita­ Housing Problem of the Seventies with spe­ regional and student organizations working tions, without committing social and eco­ cial application to Israel. for the cause. What this movement now re­ nomic suicide. What then is to be done? During a recent study tour of American quires is national cohesion, national scope, a The Research Institute on Soviet Jewry housing construction methods by Israeli nation~ program and a national structure. has devoted months of research to this prob­ Housing Minister Zeev Share!, the Research That is what the October 22-25 National lem. While it has discovered no instant solu­ Institute arranged a private showing of the Conference is all about. tions, the burden of its investigations point General Shelter modular prototype for Min­ The National Conference proceeds on two to one incontrovertible conclusion: Ameri­ ister Sharer and his aides. Obviously im­ basic assumptions: 1. that the leaders of the can Jewry, aided by other Free World Jewish pressed by what he saw, and its potential for regional and student organizations for Rus­ communities, must assume full responsibility solving Israel's housing crisis, the Minister sian Jewry recogniZe the overwhelming need for the resettlement of the Soviet-Jewish re­ made special reference to the fact in the for a national people's movement. 2. that patriates in Israel and in so doing free Israel's course of a news conference held in Jerusa­ these leaders are prepared, however gradually, resources for use in ameliorating inequities lem on August 18th. We quote !rom the JTA to hand over the reins of local community among other sectors of the population. The cable of that date: and student leadership to their second 1n formula for carrying out thi.s massive respon­ "We need to learn thorough planning, con­ command in order to accept policy making sibility can be expressed under the follow­ struction, scheduling and performance con­ positions on a national slate. ing heading: trol from America, three fields in which we An understanding of the second point, may October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36573 ultimately require a greater sense of realism nine-member executive council on Sunday, I know how much resentment the above than the first. The fact is there is no "estab­ October 24th. statements will arouse. No one--no organiza­ lished" national leadership working exclu­ Under the federal system outlined above, tion, no public body-has authorized me to sively for Russian Jewry. There is only a large the individual regional student and political make such an indictment and to publish vacuum. If such a national leadership is to organizations will continue to retain full such a characterization of American Jewry. be created, it must come from the ranks of autonomy on the local level with funding My own colleagues may very well condemn the present regional and student organiza­ and assistance from the national organiza­ me for my arrogance in issuing such a "di­ tional leadership operating outside the tion. National policy, however, will be set ploma" of miserable moral poverty and crim­ framework of the American Conference. In by the Congress and carried out by the nine­ inal indifference to. the largest Jewish com­ this respect, modesty-real or imagined-on member executive council. munity in the world. But I do not believe the part of these men and women can only IV. FINANCING that there exists the person who can dis­ work to the utter detriment of Russian Jewry The national organization will require an prove the basic fact I am pointing to, even and its aspirations for repatriation. Leaders initial outlay of $100,000 to begin function­ though he may question my right to assume must be prepared to lead. the role of diagnostician or of one who ro­ ing. This sum, to be raised by the constitu­ proaches "in the Gate." The basic fact is II. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE NATIONAL ent organizations on or before January 1, PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT evident to any Jew who has the courage to 1972, will be allocated to the establishment look at the situation as it is: American Jewry As the organizers of the October 22-25 Con­ of a national office in New York, the em­ has not done--and has made no effort to do­ ference view the situation of Soviet Jewry, ployment of a professional staff and the in­ auguration of Phase I of a national fund rais­ its elementary duty toward the Inillions of the National People's Movement to be cre­ Jews who are captive and doomed to die in ated at the New York Hilton will have 8 prin­ ing program. The national fund raising program will Europe! cipal objectives: Some weeks ago a certain important Jewish 1. To implement all of the recommenda­ be launched in 1972-1973 with the aim of raising a total of $5,000,000 throughout the organization in America (or one that would tions, approved in plenary session, of the five like to be considered important) received a international commissions on Soviet Jewry U.S. and Canada for implementation of the national oragnization's eight point program short telegram from Eretz Israel : "How long at Brussels on February 23- 25, 1971. (See en­ have you known what is happening to the closed compendium). for Russian Jewry. Under the direction of the national orga­ Jews in Nazi-dominated Europe?" I do not 2. To give public, de jure recognition to know how that telegram was answered, but the Jewish Resistance Movement in the ization's financial vice president, detailed programs will be developed for funding all fundamentally that telegram, signed by a USSR and to establish permanent working Jew who escaped from Poland, did not ask a relations with that movement and its repre­ constituent organizations at the local and campus levels, the creation of a national question. It was a well-merited slap in the sentatives. face to the entire Jewish community in the 3. To establish an international secretariat speakers bureau, and the initiation of a na­ tional membership campaign through the United States, with an its organizations, charged with formulating and presenting to offices, committees, budgets and leaders. In the USSR a comprehensive plan for the constituent organizations in each of the 108 U.S. and Canadian cities with Jewish popula­ Eretz Israel it is well known that as far back peaceful repatriation of all Russian Jews as August, we, here, have received authentic who have indicated their desire to return to tions of 5,000 or more. Final details for the above agenda will be information about the murder of millions their historic homeland, Israel. of our flesh and blood in Europe. The real 4. To develop professional task forces in completed at the National Conference on October 22-25 at the New York Hilton Hotel. question implied in the telegram was: "Why the areas of housing, employment, education have you wasted so many precious months? and social and psychological adjust_ment Bankrupt And what are you waiting for now, when whose sole responsibility wm be to assist in The time has come, perhaps, when the few every day, every hour, every Ininute counts? the orderly integration of Soviet Jews into Jewish communities remaining in the world Why haven't we heard that you do some­ the mainstream of Israeli life. (See Position which are still free to make their voices heard thing, or that you are at least seeking ways Paper No.1 on family adoption and housing). and to pray in public should proclaim a day to do what may at least appear possible to 5. To establish an autonomous depart­ of fasting and prayer for American Jews. do? Why, from afar, haven't we seen you ment for the purpose of organizing the 400,- No-this is not a misprint. I mean specifical­ take those means that are dictated by the 000 Jewish men and women on U.S. campuses ly that a day of prayer and of fasting should present situation when the knife is at the into a solid activist front for Russian Jewry be proclaimed for the five million Jews now throat of one half of the Jewish people­ and to develop a leadership cadre for this living in the United States. They live under means none of which is guaranteed to im­ movement. the protection of a mighty republic governed prove the situation, but which must never­ 6. To direct and coordinate on a national by democratic laws. They move about freely theless be tried with the energy and speed level all public demonstrations and protests through the length and breadth of the land. which the desperateness of the hour calls in the U.S. and Canada on behalf of Soviet The vast majorit y of them have enough food for?" Jewry. To achieve national attention such to eat, clothes to wear and roofs over their actions ·must be national in scope. We, Jews in America, have proved inca­ heads. And if any wrong is committed against pable of acting even as a herd of cattle will 7. To focus awareness of the objectives them, they are free to protest and to demand sometimes act when faced with danger­ of the National People's Movement on the key their rights. Nevertheless, they deserve to be huddling together for protection. We did not decision-makers-the President, the Con­ prayed for. They are not even aware what a gress and the State Department through a even display sufficient ability to set up (tem­ Inisfortune has befallen them, and if they porarily, for the duration of the emergency permanent lobby in Washington. were to look at themselves with seeing eyes only) some kind of General Staff that should 8. To develop liaison with grass roots move­ they would realize with shock how intoler­ meet every day and think and consult and ments for Soviet Jewry in other countries able this Inisfortune is. This misfortune con­ consider ways to engage the help of people with the aim of coordinating activities where sists of the vacuity, the hardness and the who may, perhaps, be in a position to help possible and the ultimate aim of creating dullness that has come over them; it con­ us. Our "assets" are so great that in normal an International People's Movement on this sists in a kind of epidemic inability to suffer times we do not know how to apportion them issue. or to feel compassion that has seized upon among themselves. So we quarrel and we III. STRUCTURE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE'S the vast majority of American Jews and of fight. One clique tries to outmaneuver the MOVEMENT FOR RUSSIAN JEWRY their institutions; in pathological fear of other-Zionists and anti-Zionists, Congres­ The first order of business at the October pain; in terrifying lack of imagination-a sists and anti-Congressists, Orthodox and 22-25 Conference will be the structuring and horny shell seems to have formed over the Reform, synagogue Jews against secularists, interim financing of the new national or­ soul of American Jewry to protect and de­ a fiction of oragnized labor against an equally ganization. fend it against pain and pity. At a time when mythical organized all-embracing commu­ As already noted in previous position pa­ the American Jewish community is the larg­ nity. But of what value are all our differences pers, the structure of the National People's est and most intluential in the world, at a of opinion, all our philosophies, world views, Movement will be completely democratic in time when the ~yes of millions of Jews in analyses, prognoses and orientations, all our concept, embracing all constituencies on the Europe who are daily threatened with the tragi-coinically inflated prestige considera­ Soviet Jewish problem-from the far left to most terrible and degrading forms of physi­ tions, when the axe of the executioner hangs the far right. Elitism has no place in a grass cal exterlnination are primarily turned to over the neck of nearly every other Jew in roots movement. Representation will be ef­ American Jewry. This American Jewish com­ the world? It will never be possible to ex­ fected within the framework of a "Con­ munity has fallen lower than perhaps any plain why the chief organizations of Amer­ gress" which will act as a legislative body other in recent times, and displays an un­ ican Jewry which regard themselves as called for the organization and elect from within believable amount of highly suspect clinical upon to engage in political work-the AJ its ranks an executive council consisting of "health" and "evenness of temper." If moral Committee, the AJ Congress, B'nai B'rith, the a chairman, vice-chairman, president and bankruptcy deserves pity, and if this pity is Jewish Labor Committee, the Council of Jew­ six vice-presidents. Members of the Congress, sevenfold for one who is not even aware ish Women--could not do in this dire hour, representing all of the various regional, stu­ how shocking his bankruptcy is, then no unequalled even in Jewish history, unite for dent and political activist organizations will Jewish community in the world today (not the purpose of seeking ways to forestall the be elected by the National Conference on even the Jews who are now in the claws o! Inisfortune or at least to reduce its scope; Saturday night, October 23rd. The Congress, the Nazi devourer) deserves more compas­ to save those who perhaps can still be saved. sitting as a duly elected body. will elect the sion from Heaven than does American Jewry. What differences or principle can there exist 36574 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 in such rescue work? What has such rescue peared some Zionists in our midst who have it would be criminal negligence to conceal work to do with political differences and with become reconciled to the thought that it is from the public the fact that- at a time when the entire ideological claptrap which we impossible to stay the hand of the murderer, the Angel of Death uses airplanes, the AJ have produced during the past couple of and therefore, they say, it is necessary "to Congress employs an oxcart-express. The AJ generations? Neither the future historians, utilize this opportunity" to emphasize to the Congress too, does not display that will nor any normally intelligent person today, world the tragedy of Jewish homelessness and that tempo which it should manifest will ever be able to conceive how it came and to strengthen the demand for a Jewish at such a time. The AJ Congress delegated about: National Home in Palestine. (A Home for rescue work in Europe to a special commit­ (a) That the American Jewish Committee whom? For the millions of dead in their tee-the so-called Planning Committee. The should send a mere "observer" to a confer­ temporary cemeteries in Europe?) And there idea behind this committee was that peo­ ence of Jewish organizations convened to have arisen sages in our midst who have ple who are not too loaded down with Con­ deal with the massacre of European Jewry­ reached the profound conclusion that the gress routine work should devote themselves as if the AJ Committee were still in doubt sole response to the mass extermination of to this task. But also this committee per­ whether this subject concerns it closely, or our people should be the earliest possible mits itself the luxury of not meeting tor it is a peripheral, sectarian matter which opening of a second front. The delegation of weeks on end. And when it does meet, and does not concern persons of another sect. the Bund in America has satisfied the de­ it decides to do something, this is still far (b) That the Jewish Labor Committee mands of its conscience both as Jews and as from proof that it will carry out its own should follow in the footsteps of the AJ Com­ human beings, by organizing a protest con­ decisions. So they set up a sub-committee mittee in non-cooperation, non-action and ference of European socialist leaders and is and empowered it to contact American Chris­ keeping apart from common attempts to ac~ now boastfully claiming "sole credit" for its tian clerics to discuss a one-time large scale complish something. own little clique for this great achievement. action on the part of religious bodies (c) That an important organization of And only some days ago the Revisionist­ throughout the world. (Personally, I believe Orthodox Jews should threaten to withhold controlled Committee for a Jewish Army, that such an action would be more effective its cooperation if, for reasons that are not succumbing to its own ambitions in an un­ and would make a greater impression in Ger­ comfortable position by publishing huge ads many than the threatening declarations of subject to Jewish control, it shoul,d prove the democratic governments.) And a chair­ impossible to include one of their members in the newspapers-ads which also seek "to in a delegation to a certain important per­ utilize the opportunity"---calling for the es­ man was appointed for the sub-committee, tablishment of a Jewish armed force of one who has the necessary qualifications and sonage or office. contacts for that task. So what came of it (d) That so far as matters of "prestige" 200,000, knowing very well that this is a mythical figure concocted for purposes of all? That sub-committee was not convened and "credit" and petty jealousies are con­ for once in more than two months. This, in cerned, the AJ Congress did not fully disre­ cheap and irresponsible propaganda; that itself, would not have been such a calamity­ gard its own prestige ambitions in the in­ there do not exist 200,000 stateless Jews of a subcommittee more, a sub-committee terests of uniting ail central Jewish organi­ mllitary age and phyiscally qualified for an less-let those who enjoy committee meet­ zations in what I clumsily describe above as armed force; knowing also that even if it ings grieve over this-had the chairman a united General Staff for Jewish defense. were possible to establish such an armed "usurped" all the work and done it himself. Yes, there was one brief moment when all force, ail the Jews in Europe, to the last one, But the chairman is a very busy man, pre­ (or nearly all) united !or an instant--when would be murdered long before such a force occupied with many matters (important, there arose the question of sending a delega­ could be recruited, organized and trained for very important matters, to be sure) and after tion to the President. And I cannot refrain front line duty; knowing very well that if all he had obtained the promise of a number from making a cynical observation. The Pres­ the combined allied armies are still not in a of p7'ominent clerics to cooperate in this ident o! the United States is the busiest condition to start an invasion of the Euro­ project, he abandoned them. Since this man on earth, but should another possi­ pean continent, a Jewish armed force would chairman undertook his office, he had time bility of a Jewish delegation being received not do it either, even if it were to consist of to attend conferences in two remote cities in the White House appear tomorrow, there 200,000, knowing that if such a Jewish army (once again, very important conferences in­ will again be union for a moment, until the existed today, it would not be free to operate deed, but having nothing to do with the Jew­ trip back from Washington to New York at will and would be subject to the orders ish emergency), he even had time to tour when everyone will go his own old separate of the American and British General Staffs. the country on behalf of a project which way and indulge in mutual spites. Every "Committee" cherishes its own com­ could easily have been postponed or assigned Quite some months have passed since rep­ mittee-interests, its sectarian ambitions, its to another person who had not undertaken resentatives of Jewish organizations have exclusively wise stragedy and its "power posi­ emergency duties. But he lacked the time to even met to engage in earnest discussion tion" in the teapot of Jewish communal utilize his connections, and the new con­ whether and what can still be done for competition. tacts he had recently made, in order that European Jewry. The President made his Never before in our history have we dis­ the planned action should materialize. statement, and then came the declarations played such shamefully "strong" nerves as On the eve of Christmas, a number of of some governments of the United Nations we do now in the days of our greatest German-Americans were persuaded to- issue regarding the punishment to be meted out catastrophe. We have become so dulled that a manifesto against Hitler's persecution ana to the guilty after the victory, and most, we have even lost the capacity for madness massacre of the Jews. This was supposed to or is it all, the Jewish organizations were and-may God not punish me for my have been the first step in a campaign to satisfied and appeared to be calmed by it. words-the fact that in recent months Jews mobilize public opinion among German­ (It should be noted, that the small Jewish have not produced a substantial number of Americans. It was felt that once it became community in England was much more ef­ mentally deranged persons is hardly a symp­ known in Germany how German-Americans fective in obtaining that declaration than tom of health. It is characteristic that when condemned the extermination of the Jews the much larger American Jewish commu­ at a session of the Jewish Labor Committee in Europe, this would create a powerful im­ nity.) Yet everyone should have understood a colleague from Poland permitted himself pression, and it might even compel some how much more important it is that mil­ to express a. few sharp words of rebuke on Nazis to consider what they are doing. But lions of Jews be saved before the victory, the subject of their indifference and passiv­ this promising activity was limited to a few than that a few thousand Nazis should be ity, he is shouted down publicly as a score Americans who had to be reminded that punished or executed after the victory. Ev­ "hysteric"-as is a state of Hysteria. is today they were of German extraction for, with a eryone knew that this declaration had little not more normal for Jews than dull even few exceptions, they had consciously and in effect on the situation. And now we are in­ temper and an attitude of "business as terms of their social interests lost all touch formed that both Warsaw and Vienna are usual." with specific German issues. In order to pro­ completely Judenrein. Everyone knows, or No less characteristic is the fact that such ' duce an impression in Germany, it was nec­ should know, that in recent weeks mass mas­ a highly reputable organization as the Ameri­ essary to mobilize the sympathy of broad sacres of the survivors of Galician Jewry can Jewish Committee could hold its annual layers of German-American society (German have been resumed. But even this did not conference one week ago, ~t the end of fraternal and charitable organizations, cul­ move the few American Jewish leaders at which there wa.s issued a. declaration dealing ture and art clubs, sports clubs and German least to discuss what to do. with all the bakers' dozen areas in which Lutheran churches). But this has not been The murder of two million Jews (the they differ from the Zionists or other Jews, done to this day. It is no doubt a difficult reader should bear in mind that this essay but not mentioning with even a single word ta-sk, but no one has yet demonstrated that was written in February, 1943, two years and the extermination of the Jews in Europe if the required amount of energy had been three months before the rampaging Germans and what the American Jewish Committee invested in this effort, it would not have were finally quelled. Ed.) with ~he most in­ proposes to do now, today, without delay, ~o brought results. human method of torture and degradation that after the victory there should remain The only direct Jewish appeal to the Pope which sadistic fantasy has ever devised, still someone across the ocean whom the Com­ that he should intervene with his moral has not sufficiently impressed those among mittee could defend in accordance with its authority came from Eretz Israel and was us who have donned the shtreimels of Jewish own program and ideology, someone whose xna.de by the Chief Rabbi of that country. guardianship, those who have assumed re­ rights and human dignity they could pro­ But to the best of my knowledge not even sponsibility for Jewish interests so that they tect. the AJ Congress took the necessary steps to could sit down around one table and look The only Jewish organization which, for­ move the Vatican to greater, more open and into each other's eyes and together try to do mally at least, remained on guard and tries direct condemnation of Nazi cannibalism, something to rescue at least one percent o! to create the impression that it does some­ despite the fact that millions of Catholics the doomed millions. There have even ap- thing, is the American Jewish Congress. But live in the United States, and there are

- - - ~-- -- October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36575 many liberals among the Catholic clergy. much by the failure of the Establishment to States . . . are kept regularly informed of Again, no one can prove that the Vatican rise to the dreadful challenge hurled down by the situation on Soviet Jewry through fort­ could be influenced from America to take the Naxi genocidists, as by the deceit and nightly bulletins from the national office, more drastic measures than it has taken to duplicity they exhibited in their failure. Fail­ and are directed to initiate any/or coopera­ date. But this does not mean that we have ure in the wake of a genuine e:ffort to save tion in community programs designed to the right a priori to renounce attempts to lives that were being snuffed out with as­ arouse public opinion in the United reach an understanding with certain Cath­ sembly line efficiency might ultimately have States .. .'' olic forces in this country. This so far has been absorbed in that bottomless crucible of From page 15 (Jewish Labor Committee) not been done, at least not to the extent tears known as Jewish History. It could never . . . "We issued informational material nor with the intensity that were called !or. have been excused. The murder of one and a periodically from labor sources to Community There is a shortage of qualified people, half million Jewish children does not come Re_la~ions Co~~lCils and Welfare Funds on and when a suitable person is found, he is under the heading of forgiveabie acts. Such this ISSue .. . busy and overwhelmed with a hundred oth­ indulgences belong to God, not to men. But From page 17 (Mizrachi Women's Organi­ er matters and of course he cannot be every­ there was something far worse than failure zation of America) ... "Individual mem­ where at the same time, even though some implicit in the actions of the establishment bers of our organization and sta:ff demon­ of these "other matters," of undoubted im­ during those fateful years when Europe be­ st rated during the Leningrad trials . . . " portance, could very well wait, should have came a killing ground for six million Jews. From page 17 (National Council of Jewish been made to wait. And when the AJ Con­ There was infamy-and on a level never ex­ Women) ... "Contacts have been made gress sent an emissary to Washington, to hibited by the Jewish nation from the time with local clergymen to enlist their support stay there more or less permanent ly in of Abraham in Chaldees. for the cause of Soviet Jewry ..." daily contact with various government of­ If one can imagine a "Jewish War Crimes From page 18 (Pioneer Women) ... "Our fices-perhaps something might still be done Tribunal" convened in 1945 once the full programming for the year included many to rescue even a handful of European Jews horror was known, then the logical venue for programs directly geared toward Soviet to no matter what place of asylum-this it would have been New York and the leader Jewry, and our Speakers have been in­ emissary, with all due respect for his abil­ of every major Jewish organization in the structed to include this subject in all ities and intentions, is a foreigner who can­ land would have been fit to have been placed their talks . . ." not always exert the necessary influence in the dock. Such a tribunal would have From page 18 (Union of Orthodox Jewish in our capital. (For such an assignment, brought forth two salient facts: 1. that these Congregations of America) ... "At a re­ in Washington of all places, no suitable organizations and their leaders took virtually cently held Biennial Convention of UOJCA, American Jew could be found; everyone is no action to prevent the greatest tragedy ever the main plenary session was on Soviet busy with more important and more urgent to befall our people; 2. that these organiza­ Jewry and featured two Soviet Jewish matters, of course ... ) . During the past tions and their leaders willfully employed un­ emigrees. year, the AJ Congress twice sent emissaries told millions of dollars and billions of words "An appropriate resolution was passed ..." to South America on organizational and in a massive public relations e:ffort to con­ From page 21 (Zionist Organization of financial missions, but · in recent months, vince themselves and the entire American America) ... "ZINS, the official publication when each day brought its burden of tragic Jewish community that they had taken every of the World Zionist Affairs Committee of news from Europe, no time was found to cancel vable measure to arrest the hand of the ZOA, devotes regular space in its weekly send a suitable person to Argentina. Argen­ the executioner. editions to news of Soviet Jewry ..." tine Jews must have some influence, so Inaction, let it be known, was the least of From page 22 (American Zionist Federa­ why was no attempt made to utilize the their crimes. What history will indict them tion) . .. "The Executive Committee of the connections which a neutral American for in generations to come was their success AZF picketed the Soviet Embassy (sic) on country still had with Germany? Perhaps in deceiving the mass of American Jewry­ East 67th Street in l'{ew York City on De­ something could have been accomplished a mass that might have moved with heroic cember 15, 1970 .. .'' through such mediation? determination it had been aware of the From page 24 (American Jewish Commit­ Yes, also the AJ Congress, the only Jew­ truth-into believing that the situation was tee) ... "Through its affiliation with the ish organization which did not remove the well in hand. The conspiracy that took place International League for the Rights of Man, subject of the extermination of the Jews in while six million died was not merely a con­ spiracy of silence. It was also a conspiracy of the Committee helped make that organiza­ Europe from its agenda, has proven to be tion and other non-governmental organiza­ criminally slow and lacking in tempo and word. tions at the UN more sensitive to the plight temperament, in its rescue work. It dis­ We are now 26 years removed from those played a lack of the courage of despair, of events that numbered civilized humanity and of Soviet Jews ..." that "aggressiveness of spirit" which charac­ we have before us a document published by Alexsandr Solzhenitsyn, in an appeal in terizes the hour of doom, of the ability to the American Jewish Conference on Soviet the New York Times on Wednesday, June act on its own on a suitable scope or to at­ Jewry entitled "Summary Report of Activity 16th in connection with the Paris publica­ tract people from other circles and activate During 1970" with the subtitle, "Submitted tion of his new novel, "August 1914," cites them -,or such a generally self-evident cause to the World Conference of Jewish Commu­ his refusal to write the word "God" without as the attempt to rescue those who can nities on Soviet Jewry Held February 23-25, a capital letter among the reasons for the still be rescued. 197lin Brussels, Belgium." Soviet Government's denial to him of pub­ I confess that I am unable to draw con­ Reading through its 26 single spaced pages lications rights in the USSR. "To this in­ crete, practical conclusions from the above. couched in the ennuitic prose so characteris­ dignity," he declares, "I would not stoop." If it is still objectively possible to do any­ tic of organizational literature, one is struck What Solzhenitsyn infinite wisdom and in­ thing, then I do not know who should do it by the eerie sensation of having passed this finite courage would not do, the American and how it should be done. I only know this, way before. It is as though a window was Jewish Conference on Soviet Jewry and its that we are all-all five million of us, with suddenly opened and a chill wind had entered 28 members have done with an amore propre our organizations and committees and lead­ the room. One reaches instinctively for pro­ worthy of temporal lords. In 26 pages they ers-politically and morally bankrupt. And tective cover. The time is 1971 not 1943; the have succeeded in writing the name of God I refuse to understand how and why all of issue is no longer Polish Jewry, or German in letters exceedingly small. They have re­ us here have fallen to such a state of shame­ Jewry, or Hungarian Jewry, but Russian duced him to a. recording secretary of "ap­ ful degradation. Jewry. Yet the words have such a dreadfully propriate resolutions" at Biennial Conven­ An end to bankruptcy familiar ring. Bear witness if you will: tions, a scribbler of "memoranda and pro­ From page 4 . . . "All 28 national member grammatic recommendations and directives" _ In Febr. 1943, while Adolph Hitler stirred to the membership, a composer of Rosh Ha­ the cauldrons that were to dissolve two thirds organizations of the AJCSJ stepped up the frequency of memoranda, programmatic rec­ shana greeting cards to those for whom to­ of European Jewry, the eminent Yiddish morrow was yesterday, an emissary to the polemicist, Chaim Greenberg published a ommendations and directives to their mem­ local c~ergy, a raconteur instructed to include monumental monograph entitled "Bank­ berships to embrace Soviet Jewry activities locally and nationally. News feature material the sub~ect of Russian Jewry, if not too in­ rupct !" In it, he proceeded to weigh the un­ delicate, in his next talk to the ladies break­ precedented act of mass murder taking place was provided to editorial writers, TV and in Europe against the response to that act on radio stations and other channels-depicting fast club. the part of each of the members of the Ameri­ the worsening situation of Jews in the Soviet The outrage is compounded by the knowl­ can Jewish Organizational Establishment. Union--on a larger scale. • . ." edge that we have been here before, that The comparison, needless to say, was ap­ From page 5 .•. "To communicate soli­ we have once before been sucked into this palling. But, of course, this is readily ad­ darity with Soviet Jews, thousands of Rosh vortex of words and gestures designed to mitted today even by the staunchest Estab­ Hashana greeting cards were sent to create the impression that great deeds are lishment apologists-mea culpa has become synagogues in the Soviet Union .•." afoot in the house of the living dead. the fashion of the times. To rest the case here, From page 11 (Anti-Defamation League) nya Mogllever, age 7, is taunted at school however, is to ignore the essence of the crime ••. "ADL establishes ongoing contact with with the cry: "Your father 1s in jail!" Vlad­ that was committed on this side of the members of the u.s. Senate and Federal Gov­ imir MogUever, from a. cell be may never be Atlantic and thereby to learn nothing of erment to supply them with petitions and privileged to leave, has the audacity to ad· relevance for our present era. literature on Soviet Jewry . . ." dress an appeal to the United NatiOns Com­ To read Greenberg's indictment in the per­ From. page 13 ( Hada.ssah . . . "Hada.ssa.h mittee on Human Rights a.11lrm1ng his inten­ spective of 28 years 1s to be shocked, not so chapters and groups throughout the United tion to "emigrate to the historic :motherland C:XVII--2301-Part 28 36576 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 of the Jewish people-to Israel." He demands for them, absorption centers, schools for neither the will, the independence, or the "the natural right of every free man to live their children, a detailed program to bridge wherewithal to assume the paralyzing where he wishes." The Mogilevers, father and the social and psychological gap created by burden of responsibility facing us in respect son, will be comforted to learn that the the sudden transition from a closed to an to mass Soviet Jewish repatriation. It freely American Jewish Committee through its open society? Where are your contingency admits the fact. What Russian Jewry must affiliation with the International League for plans for such an eventuality? Who will have at this perilous hour is a genuine na­ the Rights of Man is trying to make that build the housing, create the new industries tional grass roots movement with the imag­ organization "more sensitive to the plight of to provide the jobs, expand the educational ination to forge a blueprint for its survival Soviet Jews." plant and raise the money for such an im­ and the power to go directly to the six mil­ Lily Budman, age 5, saw her father arrested mense undertaking? Or are you under the lion Jews of this nation and demand the and put aboard a train at the Serveskaya sta­ impression that Israel in its present economic money for its implementation. It must be an tion in Leningrad last June. She has not seen state with a back breaking defense budget, a. organization devoted solely and exclusively to him since. Hillel Budman •s crime consisted $2 billion trade gap, and a socialist­ Russian Jewry, beholden to none and inde­ of teaching Hebrew and Jewish history to monopolistic system that refuses to work, pendent of all, including the Government those who had the desire to learn. He wa,s also will do the job? Ladies and gentlemen, you of Israel. Above all, it must be an organiza­ indiscreet enough to address some corre­ have no plan, you have no program and you tion with no illusions about its raison d'­ spondence to friends at Kibbutz Ruhama in have no intention of initiating any. In fact, etre: the swiftest possible repatriation of Israel. Lily, who does not sleep well at night, you are betting your lives on the permanent Russian Jewry to its national homeland, should be informed that Hadassah is now incarceration of three and a half million Israel. issuing fortnightly bulletins to keep its chap­ Russian Jews. You are betting on the death Such a national movement must also have ters appraised of the situation of Soviet of a nation; not its rebirth. the strength and will to carry out the task Jewry. Well, once again you may have made the the Brussels Conference failed so shamefully Davidka Dreizner, age 6 months, has no wrong bet. For reasons of internal stability, to implement: the creation of a permanent memory of his mother. On the day of his or out of pure calculated desire to destroy international body with permanent head­ birth she su11ered a "nervous breakdown" and the State of Israel, it is not inconceivable quarters equipped to enter into negotia­ was taken to the Bekchterev Neurophychi­ that the Kremlin could issue that order. In tions with the USSR for the peaceful, orderly atric Institute, which is noted for its treat­ your present state of preparedn ess, the result evacuation of every Russian Jew who has ment of "nervous breakdowns" of an ideologi­ of such an act would not be difficult to fore­ expressed the desire to go home. Professor cal nature. Davidka is being cared for by his tell. It would be an utter disaster. Morgenthau and his followers can then have father, but now his future is uncertain. Already, with a mere 1,000 Jews a month the field clear to concern themselves with Solomon Dreizn.er was arrested and taken to emerging from the S0viet Union, the warn.:. the future cultural conditions of those who jail directly from work after writing a letter 1ng signals are flashing. A Russian Jewish choose to remain behind. It is indeed an to Pravada expressing how "immeasurably artist, unable to afford the materials of his important consideration, but it is not a pri­ dear to us is our Jewish State, reborn and trade and unfamiliar with the business of mary goal of such a grass roots movement. developing, gathering under its roof our selling his paintings in the open market­ Ours is solely and exclusively the concern scattered people. We want to live there." Take place, has quit Israel in disgust for Paris. for the hundreds of thousands who have al­ heart, Davidka. The American Jewish Con­ Chalk up a victory for the USSR. Russian ready chosen and the millions more who are ference on Soviet Jewry is sending you a Rosh Jews by the scores are grumbling that their certain to choose to live as Jews in a Jewish Hashana greeting card and the Union of children are being short-changed on educa­ St ate. Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America tional opportunities, that jobs are unavail­ The hour is late. The Dya Mogilevers and is sure to pass another "appropriate resolu­ able to them in the skilled trades and pro­ Davidka Dreizners of this world are too tion" at its next "biennial convention." fessions, that the housing they are receiving precious to be sacrificed to senseless bureau­ Bankrupt! Bankrupt in 1943. Bankrupt in in Israel is no more adequate than the hovels cratic skirmishes. They are the last of their 1971. Nothing so becomes the American Jew­ they left behind in Moscow and Riga. Must line. There will be no others to take their ish Establishment as the consls'tency or l'tlt the entire world be witness to the spectacle place. Let us this once prove ourselves worthy moral insolvency. It will neither pay its debts of a Sepha.rdlc family of 11 forcibly occupy­ of . the courage of their fathers who spent nor enter into honorable receivership. It ing an apartment in Jerusalem designated whatever small freedom they had left in the prefers instead to issue its yearly quota of for Russian Jews? Is there no room in the hope that their deeds might strike a re­ worthless promissory notes. While Jews from collective imagination of 28 national Jewish sounding chord in this land. If we are ever Leningrad to the Urals, defying every threat organizations for a master plan that would to redeem the past, if we are ever to act as the Soviet Union can summon to silence provide decent living accommodations both free men, it must be now. For Russian Jewry, them, proclaim for all the world to hear that for that Sephardic family which has had its there may be no tomorrow. For American they will accept nothing less--nothing less!­ fill of second class citizenship and that Soviet Jewry, tomorrow was yesterday. than the right to go home, the eminent Pro­ Jewish family which is getting its first in­ fessor Hans Morgenthau informs us that the troduction to citizenship? Apparently not. real issue is not repatriation but cultural ac­ Ladles and gentlemen, by your refusal to THE LATE HONORABLE BOURKE B. commodation. To the cry of freedom and act now, you are handing to the Russians motherland, Professor Morgenthau is ready on a platter of gold, the power to shatter HICKENLOOPER to respond with an armful of books. three and a half million souls and to destroy This critical distortion of priorities is un­ the State of Israel. You are building the HON. JOHN J. ROONEY fortunately not limited to Morgentha.u, foundation for a calamity of unimaginable OF NEW YORK though he remains its chief theorist. Behind proportions. For if the Russians-for what­ him stand legions of self a.nnointed "leaders" ever motive--should grant the release of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and "intellectuals" ready at this later hour those hundreds of thousands clamoring at Wednesday, October 13, 1971 to insist that the agony of Leningrad, Riga gates and rotting in the jails, and if the and Kishinev and the cell blocks of Central State of Israel is not ready to receive them, Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. Speak­ Asia a.nd Siberia. can be relieved with a Yid­ if indeed they should have to return to that er, the passing of former Senator Bourke dish musical performance. They would have land of their doom, then you will have cre­ B. Hickenlooper, of Iowa, came as a shock you believe that Vladimir Mogilever and ated a calamity equal to the Holocaust. And to all of us who knew and admired him Hillel Budman sit in jail for the right to read make no mistake, we cannot endure another for so many years. I had the privilege of Yiddish poetry, that Lila. Dreizner languishes tragedy of such dimensions and still survive serving with Hick on many conference in an insane asylum because she demanded as a people. a package of matzos. Who is considering these matters on this committees on appropriations over the It is precisely this brand of intellectual in­ fine June day in 1971? Who is preparing the years and always regarded him as one sanity that turned the Brussels Conference machinery to facilitate this awesome task? of the more able Members of the other into a glittering failure by refusing to create Who is creating now-not later-the 100,000 body. He was a man of strong conviction the permanent international instrumentality housing units, the 100,000 jobs, the schools, and although we differed substantially required to carry out its resolutions, that the reception centers, the hospitals, the clin­ sometimes on political philosophy I al­ even at this moment is c:>mpletely insensl• ics, the adult education centers-the entire ways admired his determination and tive to the tragedy implicit in the potential massive complex of services and facilities honesty. Bourke Hickenlooper was a mass entry of Russian Jews into a nation al­ that will be necessary to absorb a literate, leader for all of the 24 years he served most totally unprepared to meet their special educated, professionally-trained population economic, social, educational and psychologi• arriving in such numbers? The answer is in the Senate. Important legislation in -:ml needs. no one. the fields of foreign relations and atomic Honorable and worthy ladies and gentle­ The American Jewish Conference on So­ energy bearing his name is witness to his men of the Establishment, what would you viet Jewry is, by its own definition, a "co­ record of achievement. He was a man of do if tomorrow morning a manifesto were to ordinating instrument" for the views a.nd warm humor, a man of great conscience, be issued from the Kremlin expelling the actions of 28 national Jewish organizations, and above all a man dedicated to public 80,000 Jewish families who have already ap­ not one of whom considers the future of service and the preservation of the pre­ plied for exit visas? Not telling them they Russian Jewry its first order of business. cepts upon which this Nation is based. can go, but ordering them to go. Is there Under its proposed reorganization, it will His son and daughter have my deepest bousing for them in Israel? Are there jobs remain a coordinating instrument. It has sympathy in their bereavement. October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36577 THE MILKMAN GOETH That is about half what the rest of us was in deep dishes-and their hands were average. tied behind their chairs. His investment in starting capital is All that food to see and to smell and no HON. BILL ALEXANDER $100,000 to $200,000. way to eat. Hours later the tormentors returned to OF ARKANSAS ve!!~~~~r~:n pr~~r ir::;::~i~; ~~~ef~ discover each man had a fork in his teeth­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES catches up with his production, he's going to and was feeding the guy nearby. Monday, October 18, 1971 demand a fairer §;lice of the pie--or else. They'd have starved to death if they'd And uninvited but inevitably-three bil­ not got organized. But they associated them­ Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, as lion people are coming to dinner. selves together and, each helping the other, Members of the Congress we hear assess­ We'd better pray that in the difficult year they all ate. ments of the plight of our farming ahead, the farmer will be more considerate The time's overdue for you guys to orga­ population from many different sources. of us than we have been of him. nize. I'm not proud of some segments of the I don't endorse any specific organizat ion Some of the discussions are highly tech­ news media for their recent snide remarks ever. I don't know about the AMPI. nical and difficult to understand unless about dairy men spending money to convene But I'll tell you this, it's better than you grew up in farming country or on a while asking higher dairy farm prices. nothin'-and you've tried nothin'! farm. Some are so filled with emotional Unfortunately that is a typical, however You've tried bigger herds on Jess acres and rhetoric that it is difficult to get a clear, unbecoming, attitude of some city dudes, you went backward. objective picture of what is happening to demonstrating their utter lack of apprecia­ You've tried dumping milk in ditches and the segment of our population which tion for the source of their sustenance. piecemeal boycotts and local coops and does such a magnificent job of providing There is not one newsman in this nation you're still at the mercy of a whimsical who works for less than you do. marketplace. food and fiber for the millions of our They are guaranteed a minimum wage And let's face the real problem or we Nation. higher than yours. haven't a prayer of finding solutions. During the second annual meeting of Yet some would bite the hand that fee1s Cow farmers, bless your free-wheeling, in­ the Associated Milk Producers, Inc., in them. dependent, individualistic, patriotic hearts­ Chicago, newscaster Paul Harvey pre­ If they knew what they were talking about, you are as cantankerous, as temperamental, sented an address which I feel clearly you would be congratulated, praised, ap­ as unpredictable as your cows. sets out the economic and political plight plauded-for straining your limited resources Getting together requires sODle measure of mutual agreement and you guys can't of our farmers. Because I feel that many to mobilize your forces. The Harveys' farm. We've not earned the even agree on what time it is. of my colleagues will find what he had right to call ourselves farmers, but we do Now, as we say in my Missouri Oza.rks, to say informative, I include excerpts farm. "let's shuck right down to the cob." from this speech in the RECORD: Angel and I operate a thousand red-ink Our nation's dairy farm population is get­ THE MILK MAN GOETH acres in Arizona and run a barely black-ink ting "stripped". and it's down to less than half a million and. shrinking. Now-farmers: white-faced herd in Missouri, but I have to stay in the broadcasting business in order In Washington, D.C. the name of the game You talk about a disadvantaged, under­ is "numbers." privileged, discriminated against minority; to afford to farm. If I don't smell much sour silage, I do You got no numbers you got no clout un­ you're it! less you get organized. But that's changing. understand the bottom line. Fortunately a few of today's Senators and Yours is the only basic industry I know The number of Americans living on farms which operates in all fifty states-but scat­ has declined one-third in ten years. Our na­ Congressmen were farm boys, but the next generation there won't be many if any. tered your politioal impact is diluted. Your tion is down to ten million farmers. Less individual letters to individual congressmen than five-percent of our population. You're going to have to have some com­ petent spokesmen in Washington to edu­ about immensely important considerations That five-percent vote has had little lever­ are pitifully ineffectual. age in Washington but they're going to get cate 'em. There are a lot of women milking cows to­ What you don't need is a city dude pre­ some from another source. scribing specific remedies. I don't know. Our American farmer has taken very good day; their husbands are in Chicago and some­ But five minutes from now you're going to care of us, though we have been paying him body has to. hear from somebody who does know. Don't half as much for his wheat and corn as 20 Cows don't GIVE milk. Only city dudes walk around while he's talking. The pro­ years ago. think a cow GIVES milk. Somebody has to posals you are about to hear may turn this City food bills are higher mostly because go out there to the barn and take it away industry upside down and bring the cream of the increasing cost of getting the food from her-twice a day-seven days a week. back to the top where it belongs. from the farmer to the housewife. That cost And those somebodys for two generations is up 160% in 20 years. have been working fur less than the national That increase notwithstanding, our store­ legal minimum wage. bought food bill averages only 16Y:z% of No wonder "the milk man goeth." our take-home pay. Twenty years ago our nation had two mil­ MIDDLE EAST ROULETTE In Western Europe, 25 % of your income lion dairy farms; today fewer than 400,000. would go for groceries. It's not mystery. The dairy farmer's son In Russia, 50%. In the Far East, as much has shared that seven day week from dark HON. LEE H. HAMILTON as 80%! Ours, 16Y:z %. to dark to push productivity up ... OF INDIANA So our farmers, constantly improving and increasing per-acre production, have taken Has helped make dairying a six billion IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES good care of us. dollar industry . . . Monday, October 18, 1971 Because of higher prices for everything they Nourishing a nation and benefiting an buy and lower prices for most everything army of middle men . . . Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would they sell, farmers have had to consolidate. But the farmer's son is left with a hand­ like to call my colleagues attention to an Small farmers were forced out of farming. ful of udder and less than a dollar an hour. excellent editorial in the New York Times Today it takes an investment of $50,000 to­ You drive that boy into our asphalt jungle of October 18 entitled "Middle East Rou­ create one farm job. So the trend to fewer and I promise you'll not help our problems lette" which points out the dangers of and larger farms continues. and you'll not solve hiS. any new escalations of the Middle East And pyramiding population, 90% of it So we all have a stake in this. Every de­ arms race and the dire need for both the concentrated on 8% of our land, is more and pression in our nation's history has been more spilling over onto the countryside. farm bread and farm led. You starve the Soviet Union and the United States to Foolishly we are planting houses on much farmer, you starve our nation's largest pro­ recognize each other's interests in the of our most desirable agricultural land. We ducer of steel products, petroleum pro­ area and the adverse effects of further should put houses on the hillsides and crops ducts ... arms deliveries on the pospect.s for in the valleys, but it's easier for the bull• With harder work and long-shot gambles peace: dozers and builders to mass produce houses the desperate farmer has pushed upward his MIDDLE EAST ROULE'M'E on the level land. total productivity three times faster than Moscow and Washington are playing Rus­ So 700,000 farms have "disappeared" since other industry, but he's fed up with shovel­ sian roulette again in the Middle East. A 1960. ling for nothing what city-itian lawnscapers new Soviet pledge to "further strengthen the Thus arable acres shrink. And soon, sooner pay a dollar for in the store. military might of Egypt" and Secretary of than most realize, the era of food surpluses He's simply fed up! State Rogers' retaliatory promise to "care­ will come to an end. Now, what can you do about it? fully reconsider" United States military com­ That is going to put the shoe on the other The story goes that American prisoners of mitments to Israel-a promise backed by the foot. war were to be broken to harness by a cun­ petition of 78 members of Congress-threaten As is, the farmers• average per-family in­ ning torture. Starving, they were seated at a dangerous new escalation of the arms race come is $5,401. a fully prepared banquet table-but the food in the area. Such an escalation would further 36578 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 reduce the prospoots for peace and increase consideration of my colleagues in the Despite the discovery of the lands of the the peril of a fresh outbreak of fighting that House and Senate. western hemispher~espite the coloniza­ would almost inevitably involve both major The speech follows: tion of the Americas and the establishment powers. of this great country of ours-despite the in­ It is not at all clear that the Russians have COLUMBUS DAY 1971 dustrial revolution and the automobile and agreed to give the Egyptions the o:ffensive It's interesting to note that,• while things the airplane-despite the harnessing of weapons that Egyption President Sadat re­ seem to change all around us constantly, 81tomic power and despite the landing of portedly sought during his three-day visit they really stay basically the sa~e-the life man on the moon. to Moscow. In any event, Moscow knows full and fortunes of Christopher Columbus--or Because despite all the advances of what well-as does Washington-that no amount is it Christopherus Columbus--or Don we call civilization-we have yet to solve of new Soviet arms of any kind can over­ CristobaJ. Colon--or Christoforo Colombo--is the real problems-the basic problems-the come in the foreseeable future the decisive a case in point-- problems we encounter when we take a look military advantage the Israelis continue to Even the observance of the holiday in his at the other side of civilization: hold over the Arabs. That advantage is based honor, the day commemorating his discovery One seventh of our population, 30 million in large measure on factors that cannot be of our great land-is fraught with question people .. . have incomes below legally de­ impoJ.'Ited-such as morale and technical and doubt- fined levels of poverty- competence. It is also strengthened by such Historians tell us that Columbus was not Nearly 2 million o'f our citizens-the citi­ Israeli-made weapons as the new Jericho the firs · ~ non-Indian to set foot in the West• zens of the richest nation on earth are for­ missile, said to be capable of reaching Cairo ern Hemisphere. They say Norsemen were in gotten in the squalor of outd81ted, over­ and beyond with nuclear warheads. Nova Scotia and Massachusetts centuries be­ crowded mental institutions--each year, More Soviet arms will not alter the bal­ fore, and a Mongolian Monk preceded them- thousands and thousands of our young peo­ ance of power in Egypt 's favor. But they could And in 1892, when Congress decided to ple-tomorrow's leaders-have become de­ tempt Egypt's hawks, whom President Sadat make Columbus Day a national holiday, pendent on drugs; synt hetic and unnatural has so far held in check, to rash action in some precisionists brought up the problem tools of death. This nation has demands of the Middle East. I! that should occur, it is of the change in calendars in the 400 years 500,000 housing units per year ... and these difllcult to imagine how Soviet ground and that had passed since the discovery of the demands are going virtually unheeded. air crews deployed in the Egyptian defense new world- And, as if that is not enough, we arrest an­ system could escape direct involvemerut. They maintained that October 23 should nually nearly 6 million persons for acts of In the event of an Israeli-Soviet con­ be the date of the holiday-because that is crime-and the sad part is that most of frontation, no amount of American jets could the day that corresponds to October 12 on these are under the age of 24. And at the overcome Israel's fundamental disadvantage. th.:> old calendar that Columbus used. same time, we release over 200 million tons In spite of Israel's claims of self-sufllciency, -And as if that weren't enough contro­ o'f harxnful emissions into the air we versy, a respected historian now maintains breathe--and continue to despoit over 20 bil­ an underlying assumption of Israeli policy that the great navigator was not Italian at lion gallons of domestic and industrial wast es must be that the United States will inter­ all; that although he was born and raised into our streams and rivers each day. vene to stand o:ff the Soviets in such a crisis. in Genoa, his faxnily had years earlier beeen A fresh commitment of Phantoms from the All of this-with unemployment hovering forced to fiee from Spai n, their home, be­ near 6 percent-while at the same time we United States at this time would tend to cause they were Jewish/--can you imagine strengthen that belief and to encourage have expended more than 20 billion dollars that! per year in an unconscionable, devastating Israeli hawks. According to this historian, who by the way war, wasting away almost 55,000 young prom­ Both major powers are being pushed to­ is Spanish himself, Columbus' father came ising lives- ward a confrontation that neither wants and from a wealthy Je,vish family from the north Where does this end? A wasted, crumbling that has little relation to the long-range in­ of Spair.., but lived in Genoa as a humble earth with no life? I don't think so. I have terests of Washington and Moscow. Israel's weaver- a great and relentless and undying faith in reluctance to give up substantial areas of The discoverer, in his lifetime, raised him­ this Nation of mine that received me as a Arab territory only serves to abet Soviet pene­ serf to the heights of human achievement, tration of the Arab world. At the same time, child-that in spite of the ills, the frustra­ gaining the titles of admiral, viceroy, gover­ tion, the despair and the malaise that en­ Egypt's stubborn insistence on a full return nor, and Don, the Spanish title of nobility- to Sinai, including the restoration of Egyp­ gulfs us, we shall within the frame work of He was even promised that his children our established governmental and legislative tian military forces to that perennial cock­ would au bear the rank of admiral along pit of conflict, helps perpetuate a stalemate process-accomplish the enlightened change with their noble titles-- that is so urgently needed. Our system often that effectively blocks Russian access to the But he died friendless, penniless and dis­ works slowly and inefficiently-but somehow, Persian Gulf and beyond through the Suez illusioned in a monastery-his only posses­ the job gets done-and the system does Canal, an old Western artery that has become sion-the chains in which he was brought work- a vital Soviet interest. The major powers need back to Spain in disgrace from his new Our society today is a society that has to recognize that in their game of Middle colonies. perhaps lost its perspective-perhaps its di­ East roulette the odds are running against And so we see that, with all the changes, rection, maybe its goals and perhaps even its them both. all the achievements in his life, Christopher morality-but it has not lost its will to live- Columbus was born poor and humble, and he And as the days, weeks and months pass, died that way- one thing has prevailed-man has survived. "The more things change, the more they By his own will and spirit, the process of COLUMBUS DAY 1971 remain the same." So said the noted French Government and the systems of representa­ writer Alphonse Karr, and he couldn't have tive democracy, we have been able to live in been more accurate- America without fear of foreign invasion, For as we review the history of mankind, free from the threat of authoritarian govern­ HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY we see many great changes and many great ment, from the threat from the extreme right OF OHIO deeds and great men, like Columbus and his and the threat from the extreme left-- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES discovery of the new world- There is still time to create that better But if we look deeper, we find that these nation, a better world-as Alfred Lord Ten­ Monday, October 18, 1971 great deeds and great men are only markers nyson wrote; "Come my friend, 'tis not too Mr. CARNEY. Mr. Speaker, on Oc­ of their times--that the great changes are late to seek a newer world." tober 9, 1971, Mr. J. Phillips Richley, really only superficial. That mankind itself And a United States Senator, former does not change--it remains the same- United States Attorney General, Robert F. director of highways for the State of For although the discovery o'f the new Kennedy, who was shot down in cold blood Ohio, gave an interesting and informa­ world brought Europe out of the dark ages on the eve of great victory said, "Some men tive talk at the Columbus Day dinner and encouraged further exploration and dis­ see things as they are and say why? I dream in Youngstown. covery, it also was cause for more wars of things that never were and say, why not?"- In his talk, Director' Richley discussed greed-and more persecutions of fellowmen These are not hollow words. They are the in the name of religion- nuts and bolts of great character-words by the meaning and relevance of Christo­ And the same things went on thousands men who experienced that "extra vfsfon"­ pher Columbus for America in the 20th of years before Columbus--and that same men who knew the need for change and be­ century. Mr. Richley also presented things are going on today-and unfortu­ lieved in it. And in the words of the great some little known facts about this great nately it is safe to predict that the same John Kennedy-"When it is necessary to explorer. things will continue to go on-unles5 we change, change is necessary." decide to do something about it-unless we Are these things we're saying just vague Mr. Speaker, I ask that Mr. J. Phillip convince ourselves and others--that some­ abstractions? I don't think so. I believe that Richley's speech be inserted in the CoN­ thing can be done to bring mankind out of this is the stu:ff that life 1s made of--1md it's GRES$IONAL RECORD at this time for the the dark ages in which it has always been- more meaningful now than ever before. October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36579 Ladies and gentlemen-there is still time­ strong, flexible and durable alloy-the Unit­ THE CHINA EXPERTS AND OUR NEW time to weld together socially, racially, re­ ed States of America. CHINA POLICY ligiously, economically and politically. All Ladies and gentlemen, even the most Amer­ the needs and wants of our society into a ican of Americans will concede that this n ation and a world of people in the search Nation-its leaders-and its people have HON. JOHN R. RARICK made mistakes--and that we have not yet for enlightened truth-this is no easy chore. OF LOUISIANA But with the hopes, dreams and faith in perfected the whole of society-but this Na­ man's ab1lity to reason, and most of all­ tion's soul is not corrupt-this Nation con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with open minds-we can succeed and will- tinues to be credible-for the vast major­ Monday, October 18, 1971 With the strength and fortitude of Colum­ ity of its people are decent people-who abide bus, with the persistence and perseverence by the law-and work hard-and fear God Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, most t hat drove him to try and try until he ob­ as did their forefathers-they are aware of Americans are by now well aware that ta.ined sponsorship for his courageous under­ the imperfections in the system but they are the new China policy has been ushered taking-in the face of ridicule and scorn trying desperately to secure needed improve­ in by a well-financed and coordinated from the most respected and authoritative ments- publicity campaign. Many are still won­ quarters- I say to you-l~t the historians argue dering how and why there has been a And with the strong conviction that we are about the Norsemen from Nova Scotia and right and that we will succeed-the same the Mongolian monks from far off Tibet­ complete reversal under the apparent conviction that drove Columbus on through because while they argue the Congress of leadership of President Nixon. An inter­ the angry, uncharted seas-and allowed him the United States declared Columbus Day, esting and most informative document to rise above the fears and threats of his for the first time this year, as an official which throws considerable light on the unwilling crews- national holiday which will be commemo­ new China policy appeared in the Herald We can and will accomplish our mission rated on October 11. of Freedom for September 1971. just as he did- This is extremely important. First of all The documented Herald of Freedom By forgetting our differences-by forget­ it recognizes officially the actions of that supreme navigator and interepid explorer as report confirms what informed Ameri­ ting our prejudices-by putting away stig­ mans have known and others suspected mas and bigotries-- the discover of the New World-and sec­ And thinking only of our common goals­ ondly it establishes Columbus as the first for years-that is, our State Department the goals of mankind- Italian-American to set foot in the New cannot make a mistake in favor of the Because history teaches us that success­ World. United States so long as it follows the the kind of success we're talking about­ Ladies and gentlemen-those of us of Ital­ advice of experts who are Peiping's dear comes only through a meeting of the ian-American heritage have a special thanks American comrades. No country could minds-not through force or coercion or to give-because we can hold our heads high prevail in diplomacy by following a sur­ demonstration of superiority. with a special pride and dignity-for out people, from Columbus to the present, have render blueprint prepared by its enemies. A meeting of minds-that's what Columbus It had going for him, and he kept it going given the world and our country a great makes one wonder what happened naturally through his attitude of acceptance deal-because in addition to Columbus, the to Mr. Nixon's pre-election promises that great explorer-our people have given us- and understanding. when elected President he would clean For although his family and his people 1. Inventors-Such as Leonardo daVinci, out the State Department. had been victimized by religious prejudice­ Galileo. I include the September 3 issue of the driven from their homes and their homeland 2. Superstars in sports-Such as Joe Di- Herald of Freedom: in a holocaust not duplicated until .Hit­ Maggio, Phil Rizzuto, and Rocky Marciano. 3. Arts--Michelangelo-Verdi. [From the Herald of Freedom, Sept. 3, 1971] ler's time. Columbus sailed from that same land 4. Explorers-Vespucci and John Cabot. CHINESE COMMUNISTS, FRIENDS, AND with a crew that was a coalition of many 5. Police work-Charles J. Bonapru-te who SYMPATHIZERS diverse ethnic groups. He had drawn upon founded the F.B.I. The fact that the Attorney General of the the resources of many nations to achieve 6. American Revolutionary Hero--Joseph United States has failed to add the names of success-he borrowed from the knowledge, Bigo. Communist-front organizations to his Sub­ wisdom, finance, advice and cotnfort of many 7. Do you know who originated "All men versive List during the last fifteen years does are created equal"?-Joseph Mazzei. people. not mean that the Communists have ceased 8. Financial genius-Founder of the Bank to follow the instructions of Otto Kuusinen For while Christopher Columbus was an of America-Amedio Gianini. Italian born in Genoa, Italy- secretary of the Communist International i~ The woman he married in 1479 was Portu- 9. Signer of Declaration of Independence­ his report at the Sixth Plenum of the William Peca. Executive Committee of the Communist guese- 10. The greatest patriot of them all-Giu­ And his first son in 1480 was born in Lis- International: seppe Garibaldi. The first part of our task is to build up, bon- 11. The Father of Nuclear Energy-Enrico And his second son was born in 1482 of a not only Communist organizations, but other Fermi. Spanish wife- organizations as well, above all mass orga­ 12. And how about our women-Gina Lol­ nizations, sympathizing with our aims, and And the astromer who in 1481 advised Co- lobrigida, Virni Lisi, Sophia Loren, and lumbus was Italian- able to aid us for special purposes.... We Josephine DiCarlo. must create a whole solar system of organiza­ And his geographer who gave him consid­ This is a remarkable area Of history and erable advice was French- tions and smaller committees around the greatness-That has contributed to the im­ Communist Party, so to speak, smaller orga­ And his voyage was financed by Queen provement of our society-and it represents Isabella of Spain- nizations working actually under the influ­ a challenge to all of we Italian Americans to ence of our party. (Quotations taken from And his official interpreter on that first continue to lead and to excel, in every field voyage was a Jew, who spoke many tongues the Communist, May 1931, pp. 409-423.) that we can, and to be proud and to have including Arabic and some African dialects- Although the Federal Bureau of Investiga­ humility and to have compassion and to tion has referred to the Attorney General And it was a Portuguese who first sighted have dignity and to have grace and to have land in the western Hemisphere and gave over 50 organizations, groups and special his name to the two great continents dis• understanding. cases over the past 15 years, almost none of And we Italian Americans have a special these cases has ever been referred to the covered through the cooperative efforts of obligation and a special responsibility to that great and diverse coalition- Subversive Activities Control Board. Commu­ This is the kind of assimilation of ideas, help our country become greater because of ·nist-front organizations (as defined by the peoples, and nations, that was required for its discovery by one of our own fore· Special Committee on Un-American Activi­ successful global progress in 1492, and is fathers. ties) "are characterized by their common also the kind of relationship that is abso­ Ladies and gentlemen-We are a great peo­ origin, the rigid conformity of these organiza­ lutely necessary for meaningful and last­ ple-Ohio is a great State and America is a tions to the Communist pattern, their inter· ing progress today- great Nation. locking personnel, and their methods gen­ And in America more than anywhere else, And we must have the vitality, the exu­ erally used to deceive the American public. we have for 200 years had the opportunity berance, the courage, the vision, the vigor Being part of a conspiratorial movement, to prove a basic point-and that is that no and the energy to become even greater-and their essence is deception." two people are alike and that our super­ to move ahead with optimism and hope and A new organization which is obviously a ficial differences are a definite, positive as• humility-We can become as great as we Communist front (Chinese) but which, like set-not a liability, not a basis tor judg­ want to be or we can regress and move back• its predecessors during the last fifteen years, ment.- ward in desolation and despair. will fail to be added to the Attorney General's For these superficial differences, dlffer­ It may have been Columbus who discover• List, 1s the U.S.-Chlna. Friendship Associa· ences of color, language, culture, and back­ ed the New World- tion. Using the address of P.O. Box 40738, San ground-are the elements that have come to­ But it is up to you and I to rediscover Francisco, California 94140, Volume 1, No. 1 gether and been melted and mixed Into a America. of their "Newsletter" was issued June 12, 36580 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971

1971. Page one contained a "Statement of ocra.tic Far Eastern Polley, Far Eastern Spot­ Born in China of American parents, John Principles," clearly indicating their pro­ light, Institute of Pacific Relations, and even Stewart Service went into the U.S. State De­ Chinese Communist orientation, and "Greet­ an appeal on behalf of the Communist Party, partment on June 23, 1933. Over and over ings" which stated: U.S.A. again U.S. intelligence services reported the Greetings from the newly formed U.S.­ Professor Claude A. Buss is shown in the pro-Communist attitude and activities of China Friendship Association. We officially Institute of Pacific Relations Hearings a.s Mr. Service and also that he maintained a opened at Glide Memorial Church in San having been a writer for the subversive pub­ close contact and personal association with Francisco. We had an exhibit of posters, lications FaT Eastern Survey and Pacific individuals known to be Communists, Com­ woodcuts, and other items from China. Films Affairs, both issued by the IPR. Buss is shown munist sympathizers, and others under in­ from China were shown throughout the day. as having attended a. round table discussion vestigation as Soviet intelligence agents. A People who have been to China gave informal along with John K. Fairbank, Owen Latti­ report appeared in the Congressional Record talks. more, and Lawrence K. Rosinger, all of of March 30, 1950 (with the consent of the The U.S.-China Friendship Association whom are shown in the IPR hearings as hav­ Senate) on the activities of Mr. Service. It was initially formed as a coalition of people ing been identified as Communists. Among reads in part: who are interested in promoting friendly re­ others at the round table discussion was To indicate to the committee the impor­ lations between the people of the U.S. and John D. Rockefeller, lli. tance of this man's position as a security risk China. In the future we will sponsor film Prof. Helmut G. Callis is shown in the to the Government, I think it should be showings, study groups, talks about China, IPR hearings as having been identified as noted that he is one of the dozen top policy and will continue to publish a monthly Communists. Among others at the round makers in the entire Department of State on newsletter. We are particularly interested in table discussion was John D. Rockefeller, m. far-eastern policy. reaching people who do not have easy access Oliver Edmund Clubb has numerous_ref­ He is one of the small, potent group of to materials of this sort, such as the majority erences in the IPR hearings and was ordered untouchables who year after year formulate of the working people of this country. dismissed from the State Department by a and carry out the plans of the Department of We welcome your participation, please join loyalty board but the decision was overruled State and its dealings with foreign nations; us in getting underway. by Dean Acheson. particularly those in the Far East. Glide Memorial Church in San Francisco, Professor Rhoads Murphey wrote articles The Communist affiliations of Service are where the U.S.-China Friendship Associa­ for the subversive publications of the IPR well known. His background is crystal tion "officially opened," has quite an unusual as did Professor S. Bernard Thomas. clear ... background and was written up in the Wall Professor Arthur F. Wright was affiliated John Stewart Service was involved in the Street Journal of March 17, 1967. According with the IPR and wrote articles for their "Amerasia Case," theft of a total of over 1700 to the article, "It sponsors a retreat for subversive publications. He interceded with documents, many of them top secret. The clergymen and homosexuals, a dance for Owen Lattimore on behalf of two German report on Service continues: ma.le prostitutes.... If spurned by some lay­ scholars who were ordered to be deported Later this man-John Service-was picked men, Glide's activities seem to have met with from China.. up by the Federal Bureau of Investigation at least tacit approval from the Methodist Professor John K. Fairbank was identified for turning over to the Communists secret hierarchy. The bishop of Ca.ltlornia is one o! by Louis Budenz as a member of the Com­ State Department information. Strangely, Glide's trustees ...." munist Party. however, he was never prosecuted. However, Glide has five ministers, four white and Harold Isaacs has been identified as a Com­ Joseph Grew, the Under Secretary of State, one Negro, Rev. A. Cecil Williams. Rev. Wil­ munist and member of the Sorge Spy Ring. who insisted on his prosecution, was forced liams and two other Glide ministers, Rev. Two days after the ad appeared in the New to resign. Two days after Grew's successor, Ted Mcnvenna and Rev. Lewis Durkham, York Times on behalf of Red China by these Dean Acheson, took over as Under Secretary were among the sponsors of a ball attended so-called "U.S.-China Scholars," Senate Reso­ of State, this man--John Service-who had by nearly 600 homosexuals and their friends lution 139 was introduced which reads in been picked up by the FBI and who had pre­ which was broken up by the police, according part as follows: viously urged that communism was the best to the San Francisco Chronicle of January 3, "That the People's Republic of China hope of China, was not only reinstated in 1965. should be granted its legitimate seat in all the State Department but promoted. And finally, under Acheson, placed in charge of all Another organization promoting the cause principal and subsidiary organs o'.f the United Nations as the sole government of China; placements and promotions. of Communist China is called the Citizens Congressman George A. Dondero of Michl­ to Change U.S.-China Policy, 110 Maryland that the United States should make no effort to impose a formula for dual representation gan, commenting on the Amerasia case at the Avenue, N.E., Washington, D.C., 20002, Tele­ time, pointed out that Mr. Service, along phone 202-544-1763. Their release dated. by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the United with Philip Jaffee, Kate Mitchell, Andrew June 14, 1971 states, "More than 100 schol­ Roth, Mark Gayne and others, was arrested ars in Chinese affairs from 50 colleges and Nations without the prior agreement of those two governments to such a formula. . .• on charges preferred by two very responsible universities in 19 States called today for Americans, J. Edgar Hoover and Under Sec­ seating the People's Republic of China in the that pending the resolution of these issues, the People's Republic of China should be retary of State Joseph Grew; the charges UN. In a New York Times advertisement, the generally referred to as the Amerasia case or scholars stated their opposition, moreover, granted its legitpna.te place in the United Nations." State Department espionage case which al­ to 'any effort by the United States to impose leged violation of espionage laws. The charges a formula for dual representation without Accompanying Resolution 139, was an ad­ dress which stated in part: were brought before the July 1945 grand prior agreement o'.f both claimants to China's jury but for some reason a change of g-rand seat.' The statement also declared that 'the • jury was obtained by the attorneys for Serv­ future of Taiwan and of Washington-Peking The resolution is based on the brief but ice, Mitchell and Gayne. The August grand relations are complex issues whose resolution extremely significant policy statement issued jury failed to return indictments because of will require time, negotiation, and accommo­ earlier this week by a distinguished group insufficient evidence against the three. "As dation.'" of 110 American China scholars, led by Prof. I have charged several times previously on Professor Allen S. Whiting from the Uni­ Allen S. Whiting of the University of Mich­ the floor of this House," said Mr. Dondero, versity of Michigan is chairman of the Citi­ igan. The signers of the statement include "there is ample reason for the belief that the zens to Change U.S.-China Policy. In the scholars at 50 colleges and universities in August grand jury never was presented the statement, Professor Whiting noted, "This is 19 States, and represented a. broad cross­ full evidence against Mr. Service, Miss Mitch­ the first time since the scourge of Senator section of academic opinion in many differ­ ell, and Mr. Gayne." Joseph McCarthy swept the China field in ent regions of the country. A secret State Department Loyalty Review the early 1950's that American scholars have The essence of the resolution I have in­ Board was convened and in spite of over­ spoken out on a political matter central to troduced is the proposal tha..t the United whelming evidence involving Johns. Service their concern." States should adopt a "one China" policy in espionage, he was cleared by the special Among the signers of the U.S.-China. toward Chinese representation in the United Loyalty Review Board. The names of the scholar's statement were Dick Bodde of the Nations, and that only the People's Repub­ members of the board have been a top secret University of Pennsylvania; Claude A. Buss of lic of China-the Peking Government--is in the State Department and have not been San Jose California State College; Helmut entitled to designataion as the Government made available to any Congressional Com­ Callis of the University of Utah; Ollver Ed­ of China. for purposes of such representation. mittee. Reliable confidential sources advise, mund Clubb of New York; Rhoads Murphey The resolution specifically rejects the however, that the three men who cleared of the University of Michigan; Arthur F. adoption of a "two China" policy.... Service were Dean Acheson, Nelson Rocke­ Wright of Yale; S. Bernard Thomas of Oak­ Moving swiftly to get the ball rolllng, the feller, and Selden Chapin. land University; John K. Fairbank of Har­ Committee on Foreign Relations held hear­ In a radio broadcast (publlshed in the ings and among the "experts" who testified Congressional Record on May 26, 1950}: vard and Harold R. Isaa~ of the Center for in closed secret hearings in connection with Columnist Henry J. Taylor, wh'o later be­ International Studies at MIT. the Communist China issue were John came a U.S. Ambassador, stated: Ac~rding to published reports, Professor Stewart Service, John Paton Davies, and The same forces for protection which Dirk Bodde has a record of over 30 affilia­ John K. Fairbank, all of whom had been closed in around the then unknown Alger tions with Communist fronts including active in handing China over to the Com­ Hiss are now closing is around John S. Serv­ China Welfare Appeal, Committee for a Dem- munists in the first place. ice. All of which makes me leery. For I love

- ~ ~- ~--~- October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36581 this country as you do. But it is being eaten Communists, and whose subversive activities wail, received the award from Army Secretary out from within. were thoroughly exposed, are now being used Robert F. Froehlke at the 13th annual meet­ Just as Secretary of State Acheson prompt­ as a basis for action. ing of the Army Aviation Association of ly bled for Alger Hiss, so the Deputy Under In the June 1971 Veterans of Foreign Wars America at the Sheraton Park Hotel. Secretary of State now promptly takes it magazine, J. Edgar Hoover warned of the The young, lanky soldier stayed five days upon himself to announce-and I quote­ infiltration of Chinese espionage agents into at Landing Zone Ranger, sending more that the sympathy and good wishes of the the U.S. and the pro-red Chinese orientation wounded out on successive evacuation chop­ entire State Department go out to John of groups in the U.S., including the Progres­ pers and directing U.S. art11lery and planes Stewart Service. sive Labor Party and the Revolutionary supporting South Vietnamese troops because Mr. Taylor observed that because of Serv­ Union. He stated that the FBI investigations he spoke English better than his Vietnamese ice's pro-Communist activities, he had been refiect that Revolutionary Un1on members companions. ordered back from his State Department as­ have accumulated weapons and have en­ He was finally rescued by another helicop­ signment in China by U.S. Ambassador Pat­ gaged in firearms and guerrilla warfare train­ ter and sent to a hospital because of shrap­ rick J. Hurley. Mr. Taylor commented, "When ing. As late as July 25, 1971 Chou En-Lai, nel wounds. His action won him the Purple Service reached America, he was arrested by in a message to Fidel Castro, reiterated Chi­ Heart, the Air Medal, the Silver Star and the the FBI... Was Service detached from policy nese Communist solidarity with the Castro second highest award for gallantry, the Dis­ decisions? Well, hardly. After this, Service regime "against U.S. imperialism and its tinguished Service Cross. In September he was assigned to Japan to tell General Mac­ running dogs," and stated that the Chinese was presented the Vietnamese Cross of Gal­ Arthur, of all people, how to negotiate with government and people will fight shoulder to lantry, the equivalent of the Silver Star. Russia. General MacArthur reportedly re­ shoulder with them against the "U.S. aggres­ After staying in Washington a few days, jected Service." sors through to the end." Spec. 5 Fujii plans to fiy back to Schofield John Service was active in the Institute of Barracks on the if:land of Kauai "to be dis­ Pacific Relations. The IPR hearings mention charged the day I arrive." that John Carter Vincent and JohnS. Serv­ He then plans to return to school, prob­ ice met with Communist leaders Chou En-lai ably at a community college in Honolulu. and Lin Piao in November 1942, according to HAWAII SOLDIER NAMED "ARMY Having spent a total of two and a half y~s in Vietnam during his three years and Service's own report, and the Communists AVIATION SOLDIER OF THE told Vincent and Service what they would eight months in the service, he thought he like the U.S. to do with respect to the "situ­ YEAR," AN HONOR RICHLY DE­ would be grounded after his experience in ation" in China. SERVED Laos. Expert No. 2, John K. Fairbank, had been "I went back and fiew for three months," a Rhodes Scholar, Rockefeller General Board he said. "Then they came around and said, Fellow in China, a Guggenheim Fellow for HON. SPARK M. MATSUNAGA •you have been flying too long, it's time to study in Southeast and East Asia. He was OF HAWAII quit.'" active in the IPR and Council on Foreign IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Relations. In addition to having been identi­ fied as a Communist, Fairbank was on the Monday, October 18, 1971 THE ALASKA NATIVE LAND CLAIMS advisory board of the American Committee in Mr. MATSUNAGA. Mr. Speaker, last BILL-SUPPORT FOR THE BILL AS Aid of Chinese Industrial Cooperatives REPORTED BY THE INTERIOR (INDUSCO), a Communist front, and was on February the front pages of newspapers the board of directors of the China Air Coun­ across the country told of the heroic COMMITTEE cil, also a Communist front. deeds of Army Sp5c. Dennis Fujii, ana­ Fairbank married Wilma Cannon; her sis­ tive of Hawaii, during the Laotian with­ ter Marion married Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. drawal operation. HON. NICK BEGICH The Cannon girls' father, Walter B. Can­ Specialist Fujii, although wounded OF ALASKA non, a Harvard professor, had 32 affiliations himself, gave up his place on a medical IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with cited Communist fronts. The third China expert, John Paton Davies, evacuation helicopter to those more seri­ Monday, October 18, 1971 had a long history of pro-Chinese Commu­ ously wounded. He stayed for 5 days at a n1st activities as shown in the IPR reports. South Vietnamese landing zone, sending Mr. BEGICH. Mr. Speaker, this week, Former Commun1st Elizabeth Bentley, testi­ other wounded s<>ldiers before him on the House will act on H.R. 10367, the fied under oath that she was told Davies was other rescue helicopters, and directing Alaska Native land claims bill. During sympathetic to the Communist cause and American artillery and air support op­ the past week, I have communicated with his reports which she read verified this. His erations for the South Vietnamese. all Members regarding my strong sup­ reports went through the Nathan Gregory Mr. Speaker, I am proud to point out port of this bill as reported by the House Silvermaster espionage group. Davies ls now that Dennis Fujii resides in my former Interior and Rules Committees. I have at the CIA-financed center at MIT, having also written to inform Members of my received a top secret security clearance. Also hometown of Hanapepe, "the biggest here are Commun1sts Harold Isaacs and little town" on the island of Kauai, and specific opposition to a number of amend­ document-stealer Dan1el Ellsberg. that I have known his family since I was ments which will be proposed relating to Previously utilized information and advice a child. land planning, wildlife refuges, and St. came from Joseph R. Starobin, now of York Last week, Dennis was presented an George and St. Paul Islands. Un1versity in Toronto, who interviewed Com­ award in honor of having been named My opposition to these amendments munist officials at the Paris Peace Talks, was "Army Aviation Soldier of the Year." and the opposition of the Alaska Feder­ a friend of Ho Chi Minh and made recom­ ation of Natives is well-known and based mendations for U.S. policy to--- as well This was an honor he richly deserved. as Henry Kissinger, whom he saw both in It is important, Mr. Speaker, to note on the judgment that the amendments Washington, D.C. and San Clemente, Calif. that Dennis Fujii is being acclaimed for are appropriate to this legislation, and Starobin is known to have been an active being a hero under conditions of war, not in the best interests of Alaska's Na­ Communist in excess of twenty years and rather than being a war hero in the usual tive people. It is my feeling, and that of was former forefgn affairs editor of the Com­ sense; his efforts last February were di· the Alaska Federation of Natives, that mun1st paper Daily Worker. the bill should be passed as it was re­ It will be noted that a number of the so­ rected primarily toward saving lives, not destroying them. ported by the Interior Committee. The called Asian scholars and expert witnesses indepth consideration of this committee have been affiliated with the Institute of Mr. Speaker, I offer for inclusion in the over a period of years and the delibera· Pacific Relations, which organ1zation was RECORD a news article describing the tions of the committee during the 92d cited on July 2, 1952 in Senate Report 2050 award and the story behind it: of the Senate Judiciary Committee as fol­ Congress provide a strong foundation for lows: "The IPR was a vehicle used by the (From the Washington Daily News, Oct. 15, a fine bill. Commun1sts to orientate American far east­ 1971] Other important interests also support ern policies toward Communist objectives." GALLANTRY DuRING LAos WITHDRAWAL-VIET­ the bill as reported and oppose amend­ "Members of the small core of officials and NAM WAR HERo HONORED HERE ments. This includes the State of Alaska, staff members who controlled IPR were either A Vietnam war hero-who took over a through Gov. William A. Egan, the AFL­ Communist, or pro-Communist." The Com­ South Vietnamese commun1cations post after murust Party and Soviet officials considered giving up his place on a medical evacuation CIO, the Seafarer's International Union. the orga.niza.tion "an instrument of Commu­ helicopter during the Laotian border with- and the Leadership Conference on Civil n1st policy, propaganda and military intelli· drawal last February-was named "Army Avi· Rights, among many other groups. For gence." ation Soldier of the Year" at ceremon1es here the interest of all Members, I include The same individuals who played such an yesterday. the statements of those mentioned above lmportant part in turning China over to the Spec. 5 Dennis M. Fjuli of Hanapepe, Ha- in the RECORD at this point: 36582 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 JUNEAU, ALASKA. WASHINGTON, D.C., men. Enlisted men are not given to adora­ Hon. NICK BEGICH, October 17, 1971. tion of their generals, but there were few U .S. House of Representatives, Congressman LLOYD MEEDs, Marines who would not have tried to es­ Washington, D.C. Cannon Building, tablish a beachhead in hell at a nod from Passage of H.R. 10367 as reported by the Washington, D.C.: Chesty Puller. The reason was simple: As his House Interior and Insular Affairs Commit­ The Alaskan Native Claims Settlement old friend General Lewis Walt once put it, tee and by the House Rules Committee is Act, H.R. 10367, would restore rightful Puller "didn't send them into battle, they in the best interest of the American people, property to one of our Nations most de· followed him in.'' the state of Alaska, and all its citizens, na­ prived minorities. We understand the set­ His Marines knew, too, that once in bat­ tive and non-native. We urge your support tlement in this blll is satisfactory to Alaskan tle, Puller, who bore the scars of a dozen for H.R. 10367 as reported to the House by Natives. The leadership conference on civil wounds, would see them through. When his the above referred-to cominittees. rights and its 125 national participating or­ 1st Marines were hard-pressed at Chosin WILLIAM A. EGAN, ganizations support the blll as reported and Reservoir, Puller vowed that in future years Governor o~ Alaska. opposes any amendments that would jeop­ he would hold the regiment's annual re­ ardize unfair settlement. We are sure you unions in a telephone booth before he would AMERICAN FEDERATION will do all in your power to see that the ·permit so much as the body of a single dead OF LABOR AND CONGRESS House passed this important bill. Marine-not to speak of the wounded-to be OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS, CLARENCE MITCHELL, abandoned on those frozen Korean passes. Washington, D.C., October 15, 1971. Chairman, Legislative Committee. He made good on that vow and the 1st Ma­ The AFL-CIO supports H.R. 10367, the rines came out together, the living and the Alaska Native Land Claiins Settlement Act, dead, bringin g with them the shattered rem­ as reported by the Cominittee on Interior nants of other units. and Insular Affairs. GEN. "CHESTY" PULLER The retired-but not retiring-general This legislation, also supported by the never learned to suffer fools gladly and, as a Alaska Federation of Natives, the State of consequence, his stars came late and he was Alaska, and the AdministraJtion, represents a HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ denied the higher combat commands to compromise providing equitable compensa­ OF CALIFORNIA which he aspired. But there never was a tion for the long-standing land claiins of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES better Marine than that barrel-chested, lan­ Alaska's Eskiinos, Aleuts, and Indians. The tern-jawed, hard-drinking rifleman from bill authorizes $925 million and 40 mill1on Monday, October 18, 1971 West Point, Virginia, "Chesty" Puller. acres of land for the natives and is a vast im• provement for the natives O

[From the Los Angeles Tim~. Oct. 13, 1971] At Gua.d.alcanal, in one attack Puller led 3. We fear tha.t,if such a proposed amend­ GENERAL PULLER, MOST DECORATED MARINE OF against the Japanese, he was wounded seven ment should become a part of the Constitu­ THREE WARS, DIES times but continued fighting. tion of the United States, a new religion of The nickname "Chesty" was derived from "nondenomina.tiona.lism" would in a meas­ HAMPTON, VA.-Retired Lt. Gen. Lewis B. Puller's ramrod straight back and his in­ ure become ootablished which could threaten (Chesty) Puller, 73, a crusty, sometimes un­ flated chest. the integrity of both church and state. couth marine whose actions in two world His associates recognized him as a tough 4. The amendment could enable govern­ wars and Korea made him the corps' most uncouth and profane marine. decorated man, died Monday night after a ment to impose the limits of "nondenomi­ tong illness. nationalism" on religious practices in any Puller, received 56 decorations during building that is built in whole or in part by service in the Marine Corps from 1917 until public funds-a school, a hospital, a day his retirement in 1955. He requested reacti­ BAPTISTS OPPOSE PRAYER care center, a nursing home, a children's vation for service in Vietnam at age 67 but AMENDMENT home-thereby nullifying the constitutional right of the free exercise of religion. was turned down. He was the only man ever to win five Navy 5. We affirm the right of school children Crosses. HON. FRED SCHWENGEL or an-y other segment of the population to Gen. Douglas MacArthur personally OF IOWA engage voluntarily in their own prayers without government authorization or super­ awarded Puller the Silver Star in Korea in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1950. Vision. This right, we believe, is protected When MacArthur strode up a hill to Pull­ Monday, October 18, 1971 adequately by the First Amendment as it er's command post overlooking a battle be­ now stands: Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, as Article 1. Congress shall make no law re­ low and pinned the Silver Star on him for evidenced by the followin& statements. conducting a "magnificent operation," Puller specting an establishment of Nligion, or pro­ grunted, "Thanks." all major Baptist groups in this country hibiting the free exercise thereof; .•. Then, ignoring protocol, Puller said, "Ex­ are opposed to the proposed constitu­ 6. Finally, it is our opinion that the pro­ cuse me, General, if I don't conduct you to tional amendment regarding prayer in posed amendment is offered in view Of a your car. But my job is up here." public buildings. mislnterprelia.tion of the so-called "prayer On an occasion when Chinese Communist and Bible reading" decisions of the Supreme The statements follow: Court in 1962 and 1963, which properly pro­ surrounded Puller's troops in Korea, Puller BAPTIST JOINT COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC AFFAmS remarked to subordinates, "Those poor bas­ hibited government Intrusion into the re­ tards. They've got us just where we want Participating groups: ligious activity of school children. At no them. We can shoot in every direction now." American Baptist Convention. time has the Supreme Court p-rohibited vol­ Puller had been in ill health since suf­ Baptist Conference of Canada. untary prayer but has only ruled against fering a stroke several years ago. Death came Baptist General Conference. governmentally prescribed prayer and gov­ at 7:55 p.m. at Kecoughtan Veterans Ad­ National Baptist Convention. ernmentally sponsored religious exercises. ministration hospital here. National Baptist Convention, U.S.A. Inc. On a visit in December, 1968, to Virginia North American Baptist General Confer- AMERICAN BAPTIST CONVENTION: SEPARATION Military Institute-which claimed him as ence. OF CHURCH AND STATE one of its own-Puller recalled his year at Progressive National Baptist Convention, Inc. (Voted at the annual sessions of the Amer­ VMI as a "rat" in 1917. ican Baptist Convention, May 22, 1964.) That was the year, he said, "the Army took Seventh Day Baptist General Conference. Southern Baptist Convention. Baptists believe that religious faith must all our rifles. I figured if they needed our involve a vital encounter between man and rifles, they needed me." A RESOLUTION ON RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND God and that religious form cannot be sub­ So he left the cadet corps to join the Ma­ stituted for this encounter. rine Corps as a private. He retired as a three­ THE NONDENOMINATIOM'AL PRAYER AMEND­ star general 38 years later. MENT The viewpoints of Baptists (in particular, His career included command of the 1st (SEC. 1. Nothing contained in this Con­ John Leland) with regard to rellglous Uberty Marine Division in World War ll and later stitution shall abridge the right of persons and the necessity for the separation of church and state had its influence on the in Korea. lawfully assembled, in any public ~uilding SON IS STUDENT which is supported in whole or in part writers of the Bill of Rights and resulted in the first amendment to the Constitution of His son-Lewis B. Puller Jr.-lost both legs through the expenditure of public funds, to participate in nondenominational prayer. the United States which has become the cor­ in the fighting in Vietnam and was in criti­ nerstone of religious liberty. cal condition for months. He since has be­ H.J. Res. 191) Whereas, there is currently before the Thus Baptists have long opposed any com­ come a law student at the College of wu­ pulsion to conformity in religious belief or liam and Mary, and in July of this year he House of Representatlves a proposal (H.J. Res. 191) to amend the Constitution of the in the practice of religion. The first amend­ was in the news when he announced that ment has supported this freedom. The pro­ he had sharply changed his thinking on the United States so as to authorize participa­ tion in nondenominatlonal prayer in any posed change in that amendment could Vietnam war. "If I were drafted and given or­ weaken it and bring the power of the State ders for Vietnam, I would not go," the public building; and Whereas, this proposal, by authorizing par­ to bear on individuals to conform and to younger Puller said. participate in prescribed religious practices. Born in West Point, Va., June 26, 1889, ticipation in nondenominational prayer, Puller served in the Marine Corps from 1919 opens the door for government to determine An amendment to permit compulsory Bible reading and prayer in the public schools is to 1924 in Haiti as an officer in the Gendar­ what is acceptable prayer; and merie d'H&iti, joined the Nicaraguan National Whereas, we are vitally concerned to main­ not only a danger to the freedom of non­ Guard Detachment in 1928 and won the Navy tain religious liberty, without any infringe­ believers, it is also a threat to the religious Cross for outstanding service in an a..ction ment by governmental regulation of any well-being of the believer. It is because of against bandits. form, as now provided without qualification a deep respect for worship, and the recogni­ l{e returned to the United States in 1931 by the First Amendment to the Constitution· tion that prayer is essential and should be but went ba..ck to Nicaragua in 1932 and won Be it therefore resolved that we, the Bap: a vital encounter between man and God, that a gold star in lieu of his second Navy Cross tist Joint Committee on Public Affairs, as­ Baptists oppose devotional exercises that &.re for outstanding services in a..ction against sembled in formal session on October 6, 1971, more rote than worship. Therefore we reaf­ bandits. Later he served in China. hereby record our opposition to H.J. Res. 191, firm our belief in the separation of church In World War n, while commanding the and support our stand with the following and state as written in the first amendment 1st Battalion of the 1st Marine Division, he reasons: of the Constitution of the United States. won a second gold sta.r in lieu of his third 1. We are sympathetic with the sincere And we reaffirm our historic Baptist belief Navy Cross at Guadalcana.l in 1942. In 1943, desire of many people to preserve the right that religion should not be a Inatter of com­ while serving in the Cape Gloucester opera­ to all persons to engage in genuine prayer. pulsion and that prayers and religious prac­ tion, he received a gold star in lieu of his We deny, however, that any elected body or tices should not be prescribed by law or by fourth Navy Cross. The following year he was governmental authority has the right to a teacher or public school official; awarded the Legion of Merlt for outstanding determine either the place or the content of We further urge that American Baptists services after participa.ting in the capture prayer, as is implied in the proposed con­ develop present programs and explore new of Peleliu. stitutional nondenominational prayer OTHER DECORATIONS and more effective ways of reaching children amendment. a.nd youth tor Jesus Christ who are currently Other decorations include the Silver Star 2. Moreover, we foresee that to authorize not being reached; and won in Korea in 1950; the Army Distin­ government by a constitutional amendment guished Service Cross; the Bronze Star and to intervene in the sacred privilege of prayer, We also urge American Baptist churches the Purple Heart, both at Guadalcanal in long enshrined in the character and tradi­ and families to give special study this year 1942; Presidential Unit Citation With two tion of our nation, is to make of government to our historic Baptist position in the con­ Bonze Sta.rs, Gua.da.lcanal-1942 and Pele­ a judge of theology and an administrator of text of current issues in church and State liu-1944. religious pra..ctice. relations. October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36585 BAPTIST GENERAL CoNFERENCE religious liberty for all and the fact that ency to participate in prayer experiences that Lloyd w. Dahlquist, general secretary, prayer, to be genuine, must be voluntary are voluntary and uncoerced by govern­ board of trustees, Baptist General Conference, . . . for prayer is communion with God. mental or ecclesiastical authorities. May 11, 1964. The Progressive National Baptist Conven- RESOLUTION NO. 2-RELIGIOUS LIBERTY There is no question in our mind or heart as tion, Inc., adheres to this principle and be· to our desire to have all people read the lieves further that prayer should neither be In this anniversary year we are grateful Bible, for it is the abiding word of God. How- hindered nor compelled by any governmental for the witness which our Baptist movement ever, we must exercise care on how we get or ecclesiastical authority. has been privileged to bear. The discern­ people, children or adults, to read the Bible. We believe that the First Amendment to ment of the call of God in Christ has led us It our Bible is forced upon anybody by gov- the Constitution which states, "Congress to a glorious experience o! evangelism and ernment regulation, then we may be forced shall make no law respecting an establish· missionary outreach through the power of by legislation to have the writings of other ment of religion, or prohibiting the free ex­ the Holy Spirit. religions in our schools. We need to have ercise thereof," is a sufficient guarantee of Our leaders and our people have firmly re­ both the immediate and ultimate perspective. religious liberty for all. The Supreme Court jected the use of the coercive powers of gov­ We are livin g in days of prophetic fulfill- of the United States has rendered decisions ernment in the realm o! religion. Baptists ment, so clearly seen in the paganizing and which fairly and adequately interpret this had much to do with writing the First secularizing of our society. It is against this amendment. Amendment into the Constitution of the total trend that we must bend every effort in We believe further that another amend­ United States and have been in the forefront personal life, homelife, and church. The deep- ment to the Constitution relative to religion in preserving the religious liberty that our seated tragedy is that the Bible and prayer in general and prayer in particular could be­ nation has enjoyed. We have unflinchingly have so little meaning to the average Chris- cloud the clear statement of the First Am.end­ declared our desire !or separation of church tian and church member, Conference Baptists ment and afford an opportunity for courts and state in resolutions, in sermons and in included. in the future to interpret the First Amend- policies and practices. The remedy is not legislation, but the gov- ment differently. Therefore, we oppose a pray­ 1. We, the messengers of the Convention ernment of the Holy Spirit in our lives, er amendment to the Constitution. hereby affirm our support for the concepts homes, and churches. We need revival fire to _ S. s. HoDGES, and the vocabulary of the First Amendment burn at the home base, then it will spread to Executive Secretary. including both its prohibition upon govern­ others, affecting every area of life, schoolwork, Progressive National Baptist Conven1;ion, ment roles in religious programs and its business and play. Inc., Washington, D.C. protection of free exercise of religion !or the 0 God, so let it be! Amen! people. SEVENTH DAY BAPTIST GENERAL CONFERENCE 2. We enunciate our concern that public NATIONAL BAPTIST CONVENTION, U.S.A., INC. Harley D. Bond, executive secretary, Sev­ officials and public servants of all types shall J . H. Jackson, president, the National enth Day Baptist General Conferenece, May have the same free exercise o! religion as Baptist Convention, U.S.A., Inc., April 24, 5, 1964. other citizens, but that this freedom does not 1964. The first amendment to the Constitution entitle them to use public or official powers It is my position that the Supreme Court very clearly permits free exercise of religion. for the advancement of religious commit­ interpreted properly the Constitution in deal­ and safeguards against the establishment, by ments or ideas. In applying this principle ing with the issue of prescribed prayer and law, of any specified religion. The Supreme to the field of public education we affirm the Bible reading in our public schools. Court, in the decision which made unlawful historic right of our schools to' full academic I do not favor any constitutional change in the prescribing of prayers by a political sub­ freedom for the pursuit of all knowledge this matter, for the church does not need division (and we assume by the National religious or otherwise. government to assist her in the propagation Government), upheld the safeguard. Unfor­ 3. We appeal to the Congress of the United of her faith. I believe firmly in the separation tunately the decision of the Supreme Court States to allow the First Amendment of the of church and state, and a constitutional pre­ has been grossly misinterpreted. Constitution of United States to stand as scription involving the matter of prayer and The time factor has not permitted the our guarantee of religious liberty, and we Bible reading is putting government in the Seventh Day Baptist General Conference to oppose the adoption o! any further amend­ business of religion • • •. consider House Joint Resolution 693. How­ ment to that Constitution respecting estab­ ever, as one member of that minority group, lishment of religion or free exercise thereof. NORTH .AMERICAN BAPTIST GENERAL I wish to express my personal opposition to 4. We urge all our channels, leaders, and CONFERENCE House Joint Resolution 693 or to any other churches to involve theinselves thoroughly in F r ank H. Woyke, executive secretary, North constitutional amendment which would af­ study o! the biblical, the historical, and the American Baptist General Conference, fect the safeguards of the first amendment. contemporary issues related to religious lia­ August 1962 House Joint Resolution 693 would be an en­ erty to the end that our heritage of freedom Much excitement has been stirred by the actment in opposition to the nonestablish­ and responsibllity under God may be clearly recent Supreme Court decision declaring un­ ment of religion. Ironically, it implies a per­ understood and appreciated by the next gen­ constitutional the prayer adopted by the missiveness to Bible reading and prayer, both eration and by ever larger proportions of the State Board of Regents of New York for use of which are implicit in the first amendment. world's peoples. in all public schools in the State. A storm of protest greeted the decision SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION • • •. There was a widespread impression ON VOLUNTARY PRAYER that this decision proved the Supreme Court CONGRESSMAN BOB SIKES IS A to be against prayer, antireligious, and in Whereas, There is a continuing national discussion on the relationship between pub­ NATIONAL LEADER favor of the secularization of American life. lic agencies and the advancement of religion What are the facts? and 1. The Supreme Court did not declare op­ Whereas, Baptists have made a major con­ HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT position to prayer. It simply said that prayer OF FLORIDA "composed by governmental officials as a part tribution to the world by insisting on reli­ gious liberty for all and by emphasizing that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of a government program to further religious a genuine religious experience is a voluntary beliefs" is unconstitutional. The Court held response to God, and Monday, October 18, 1971 that the regents' prayer in New York was an "official" prayer and thus violated the rights Whereas, Prayer is one of the most inti­ Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, the other of citizens under the 1st and 14th amend­ mate and sacred relationships to God and must be kept free from governmental or day I received in my mail the October 8 ments. ecclesiastical intrusion, and edition of the Florida Poll which is a pub­ 2. The Court did not eliminate God from Whereas, Prayer is not a genuine response lication edited by my fine and able con­ our public life. It simply stated that the es­ Joe tablishment of religion has a tendency to to God unless it is voluntary. Therefore, be it stituent Abram, and which has for destroy government and to degrade religion. Resolved, that the Southern Baptist Con­ years been making observations on na­ The Court also declared that governmentally vention in session at St. Louis, Mo., June 2, tional and local governmental matters. established religions and religious persecu­ 1971, reaffirm its resolution on Religious In this recent edition, a very fine tribute tion go hand in hand. Is this not what all Liberty approved by the Convention at appears to our beloved colleague Bos those who prize religious freedom have been Atlantic City, N.J., May 22, 1964 (see page 80. SIKEs and I am happy to include it at saying all along? SBC Annual 1964), and Be it further Resolved., that we do hereby this point in the RECORD: PROGRESSIVE NATIONAL BAPTIST CONVENTION, reaffirm our belief in voluntary prayer on the BoB SIKEs INc. part of all people and that we urge the Bob Sikes, colorful and able "Congress­ churches to teach their members the true man" from Crestview and big game hunter A. STATEMENT OJ' BELIGXOUS FREEDOM AND nature of prayer and the role of the Holy VOLUNTARY PRATER among the 10 most powerful men 1n "Con­ Spirit in helping people to pray, and gress". Sikes has brought many projects and The people called Baptists have always be• Be it further Resolved., that the Southern installations to our state and as a strong lieved in and contended for the principle of Baptist Convention encoqrage its constitu- senior member of the Armed Services Com- 36586 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 mittee and chairman of the Contract Com­ "B. Of the release of the totality of mili­ with the deeds and virtues of Italian mittee has caused him to be listed as one tary men of all parties and the civilians cap­ Americans, who stand today as one of the of 10 most powerful men in America.. tured in the war (including American pilots most productive and patriotic of the I am sure that one of the best known and captured in North Vietnam), so that they many ethnic minorities in the American respected in Congress today is the ever smil­ may all rapidly return to their homes. ing Dean of Florida's Delegation in Congress "These two operations will begin on the melting pot. from Crestview, Bob Sikes. Bob is a former same date and will end on the same date. When one pays tribute to Columbus, newspaperman, Publisher and I believe car­ "A cease-fire will be observed between one must at the same time pay tribute ries a union card as a former Telegraph Op­ the South Vietnam People's Liberation to the Italian-American community. I erator. Sikes has now joined the ranks of Armed Forces and the Armed Forces of the am proud today to pay such tribute to "Big Game Hunters" returning from Africa other foreign countries in the United States both. With a top Hunting Group from the '{!nited camp, as soon as the parties reach agree­ States With some valuable trophies to hang ment on the Withdrawal from South Viet­ in his office. Congessma.n Sikes represents nam of the totality of United States forces MINNEAPOLIS HEALTH HEARINGS Florida's First Congressional District now and those of the other foreign countries in made up of Esca.mbia., Sant a. Rosa., Okalosa., the United States camp." Walton, Holmes, Jackson, Washington, Bay Resolved, That the United States shall and Gulf Counties. Wherever you go in his forthwith propose at the Paris peace talks HON. DONALD M. FRASER District he is loved by all and has received Ci­ that in return for the return of all American OF MINNESOTA tations and Honors from Catholics, Protes­ prisoners held in Indochina, the United IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tants, Greek and Jewish groups and is as States shall withdraw all its Armed Forces strong among the blacks as he is among the from South Vietnam Within sixty days fol­ Monday, October 18, 1971 whites. Bob Sikes is Truly the "All American" lowing the signing of the agreement: Pro· Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the chil­ man in Congress who has worked harmo­ vided, That the agreement shall contain dren and youth projects, established un­ niously with all Committees to keep the guarantee by the Democratic Republic of "NASA" Program going and to help keep Vietnam and the Provisional Revolutionary der Public Law 89-97, have provided America strong. It is men like Sikes who has Government of the Republic of South Viet­ comprehensive child care to a number of made Florida a great State and you will see nam of safe conduct out of Vietnam for all children in Minneapolis. This a-ct was him and his work standing out for the poor, American prisoners and all American Armed truly an innovative idea in the delivery of the sick, the needy and all peoples. I doubt Forces simultaneously. health care to children as it focused on that Congressman Bob Sikes Will have any preventive care. As the following two opposition next year and if someone dares op­ statements show, the programs have pro­ pose him he will be the "winner" in landslide figures. My way of thinking based on talking vided preventive care at less cost. to people all over the state that Florida needs CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS Dr. Vernon E. Weckwerth at the Uni­ more men like civic leader, former publisher versity of Minnesota has been the direc­ and newspaperman, church leader and now tor of the systems developrcent proj­ "big game" hunter Bob Sikes. . . . If Bob had HON. FLORENCE P. DWYER ect. This project had a mandate to de­ been living in Ohio, New York, Illinois or even OF NEW JERSEY velop a management system for assess­ Penn., he would have been President of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing the impact on children of these proj­ United States. Tuesday, October 12, 1971 ects. In his statement Dr. Weckwerth de­ velops eight points concerning health Mr. DWYER. Mr. Speaker, I am proud care especially as it is related to the chil­ VIETNAM to stand today and join my many col­ dren and youth projects. leagues in paying tribute to Christopher Of even more significant interest is the HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. Columbus. This year for the first time statement by Dr. Tor Dahl. Dr. Dahl has the Nation is paying official tribute to been associated with Dr. Weckwerth in OF INDIANA Columbus, as we have proclaimed the evaluating the children and youth proj­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES second Monday to be a Federal holiday­ ect in Minneapolis. Dr. Dahl has reached Monday, October 18, 1971 Christopher Columbus Day-an objective some truly startling conclusions in his I have sought through legislation in my study. For example, the average citizen Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, I was won­ many years in Congress. dering, in view of the events of the of the United States spends $375 per per­ past few weeks in Saigon, if any Mem­ I would like to thank the senior mem­ son per year for health care. There are ber of my New Jersey delegation Jour­ A constituent of mine, Mr. Ted on the recent killing of two white teen- nal o:L October 11: Downey, who is currently here in Wash- October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36591 ington receiving academic credit for his posal, any student (who 1s qualified) would on Sunday, October 3, in my opinion is work with the National Student Lobby receive a grant determined by his family one of the more practical discussions of has written me urging support of the size and financial resources. Of course, there is a maximum grant tor the most needy stu­ the general subject that I have to this Quie amendment. Mr. Downe~ is ~ stl!­ dents of $1400 per year, or half the cost of point seen. dent at Sangamon State Umvers1ty m attending college, whichever was less. May I add that Mr. Homewood, who is Springfield, m., serving as a member of This formula is without a doubt, far easier a veteran newsman and political com­ the university assembly as well as the for students to understand than the pres­ mentator, is also a news analyst for school's representative to the student ad­ ent formula, or the formula recommended Radio Station WAIT in Chicago. visory committee to the nlinois Board ?f in HR 7248. But I couldn't expect you to The article follows: Higher Education. Because of these POSI­ support a bill because it is easy for student HARRY HOM'EWOOD COMMENTS to understand. tions and the convenient location of San­ Some indication of what President Nixon gamon state to the lllinois General As­ What distinguishes the Quie proposal from all the others that I am familiar with, is that Will face when he goes to Peking has come embly, Mr. Downey has had ~umerous it enables a student to be able to predict, out of Britain. A British sales team for Haw­ opportunities to present testrmony ~ With a fair degree of accuracy, the amount ker-Siddeley Aircraft Corp., has returned committees of the genera.l asse~bly. m of monetary assistance he can expect to re­ from Peking. The sales team sold almost the field of higher education legislatiOn ceive should he elect to attend college. As $50,000,000 worth of commercial airliners to and thus he does speak with some ex­ things stand now, a student doesn't know if Red China. The experiences of the sales team perience in matters of this kind. he is going to receive aid in many cases until provide some indication of what Mr. Nixon a day or two before actual registration. I will face. I insert the text of his letter in the The British reported that the Red Chinese RECORD at this point. think that this is an unfair situation both to the student and to his parents. never waste any time on non-essentials and NATIONAL STUDENT LoBBY, Further, the Quie bill assures all eligible were absolutely meticulous about details that were of interest to them. The marketing di­ Washington, D.C., October 14, 1971. students that they Will receive at least some Congressman ROBERT H. MICHEL, substantial financial assistance. rector of the British aircraft firm said, "After Rayburn Office Building, we had talked about something for hours Another problem addressed by the Quie they would politely thank us for our brief Washington, D.C. . . proposal is that of evaluation of a student's DEAR CONGRESSMAN MICHEL: I am wntmg introductory remarks." this letter as a constituent to call your atten­ financial resources. Currently, each institu­ The British found that dealing with the tion to what I consider to be one of the most tional financial aid officer can exercise his Red Chinese was, in their words, completely important pieces of legislation affecting fed­ own discretion in determining a student's different from the :J.ormal pattern of any eral aid to college students to be introduced need. I cannot complain about my own ex­ sales effort. The Chinese never told the during this session. periences with the financial aid officer at British what other aircraft firms they were Currently, I am a student at Sanga.rr;ton Bangamon State, Mr. Vince Charro, because competing against, never told them what State University in Springfield. I am partici­ he has treated me very fairly, but I have purpose they wanted the planes for. Every­ friends attending other Illinois colleges and pating in the College Work Study program thing was done at arm's length. In a very and the Dlinois Guaranteed Loan Program. junior colleges who have been unable to ob­ real sense, that is what the Red Chinese can I am a member of the University Assembly tain EGG's for one or another of many neb­ ulous reasons, even though other studeni;s be expected to do when Mr. Nixon visits at Sangamon State, as well as the school's Peking. representative to the Student Advisory Com­ whose financial resources were greater ob­ tained grants. Quie's proposal will remedy The diplomatic talks between the leaders mittee to the Dlinois Board of Higher Educa­ o! Red China and Mr. Nixon can be expected tion. Prior to attending SSU, I was a~ o~­ this situation because it will establish uni­ form analysis criteria. I cannot understand to be far different from any other talks Mr. ficer in the student division of the Dlm01s Nixon or his state department advisers have Association of Community and Junior Col­ how a financial aid officer could object to this provision, for it would seem to ease his diffi­ ever experienced. And it is quite possible that leges. when the United States has made its posi­ Because of these positions, and the con­ cult task of determining student financial needs. tion clear on any number of important is­ venient location of Sangamon State to the sues the Red Chinese Will thank everyone Dlinois General Assembly, I have had numer­ A very distinctive feature of the bill is that politely for their "introductory remarks" and it will enable junior colleges, such as Illi• ous occasions to present testimony to com­ suggest that things now get down to busi­ mittees of the General Assembly regarding nois Central or my alma mater, Illinois Val· higher education legislation. The research for ley Community College, to offer adequate fi­ ness. Business in that case meaning what that testimony, as well as conversations with nancial aid packages to needy students. the Red Chinese want to talk about. students faculty and financial aid officers Often times, junior colleges receive the Japanese merchants who have been deal­ across the state have given me a fairly good scraps of EOG appropriations be-cause larger ing with the Red Chinese !or some years re­ grasp of some of the problems confronting universities with larger student populations port that the Chinese are extremely tough students seeking federal financial assistance receive large EOG monies, even though these negotiators, that they listen with the utmost during the course of their college careers. universities have access to a host of other courtesy and close attention. But if they are I am here in Washington receiving aca­ government grants and privately funded not hearing what they want to hear they demic credit for my work With the National scholarships. simply give no indication that anything has been said. The Japanese also report that the Student Lobby. It is through this affiliation It is my judgment that Mr. Quie's bill Will that I became acquainted with the efforts of answer all of these problems and deal with Red Chinese give the impression of being your colleague, Albert Quie, to modify the the issues equitably. I would hope that you fiexible in negotiation. In reality, they fiex regulations concerning Edu-cational Oppor­ have found my arguments convincing enough only suftlcicntly to get the matter back to an area where they can dominate the negotia· tunity Grants. to join with Rep. Quie 1n voting for the pas­ As I understand it, Mr. Quie's proposal is sage o! his Educational Opportunity Grant tion. being referred to as the "Quie Educational Proposal. Admittedly, Mr. Nixon is not going to~­ Opportunity Grant Proposal" and is an al­ Sincerely yours, king to try for any great break-through. His ternative to the recommendations put forth visit is a preliminary affair, break the 22- TED DOWNEY. to in H.R. 7248. year-old ice jam that has frozen U.S.-Sino It is my opinion, as a student, that the relations. The President does have a right to EOG program is in need of revision. A sound expect some progress, but the odds are the program, it seems to me, should advance cer­ Red Chinese will be perfectly content with tain principles, which would include, among PRESIDENT'S NIXON'S TRIP TO a great deal o! preliminary maneuvering others: PEKING without commitment on any major issue, or EOG's should be available to eligible stu­ for that matter, on any minor issue. dents wherever they do the undergraduate work; A student's financial resources should be HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI OF n.LINOIS evaluated alike by all institutions; THE REAL THE A student's need should refiect the actual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES RED CHINA AND costs of attending the institution of his UNITED NATIONS-A REMARK­ choice; Monday, October 18, 1971 ABLE EXPOSURE Students With similar need should receive Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the similar EOG's; growing and perfectly, predictable in­ HON. 0. C. FISHER Whatever Congress appropriates, students terest in President Nixdn's trip to Peking with the least financial resources for higher o:r TEXAS has been the subject of numerous ar­ education should receive the grant aid be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fore other, more wealthy students. ticles, too many of which are not based The Quie proposal, in my opinion, seems on an objective and realistic appraisal Monday, October 18, 1971 to e1fectively implement these principles. It of the possible situation. However, an Mr FISHER. Mr. Speaker, as the will establiah a uniform ne.tlonal method ~ article by columnist Harry Homewood, determining eligibility. According to the pro- Uni~ Nations consider the admJssion 1n the Suburbanite Economist, Chicago, of Communist China, and the expulsion CXVII--2302-Part 28 36592 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 of the Republic of China, there are some are some of the notorious crimes committed Control Commission, Peiplng's annual nar­ by thls group of gangsters. cotics export to Japan has reached 60 bil­ pertinent facts about the Peking regime 1. Twenty years ago the Peiping regime at­ lion yen. If left unchecked, the regime's that are obstinate and will not go away. tacked the Republic of Korea by force, for evil policy of exporting narcotics would This is a time when those facts should which the security Council meted out the completely wreck the cultural foundation of be repeated and subjected to the glare penalty of collective sanction and the regime the great democracies and corrupt the moral of the midday sun. was formally condemned by the General As­ fibers of their people in ten years. Those who That needed exposure is contained in sembly as an aggressor.1 The condemnation are enthusiastic about doing trade with the a letter dated October 6 from Gen. Ho still stands. Instead of curbing its aggressive Chinese Communists would do well to con­ acts, the regime has stepped up its interna­ sider the consequences thereof. Ying-chin, president of the Unite~ Na­ tional brigandage. Besides playing the role of All these point up to our conviction that tions Association of the Republic of an instigator in the Viet Na.m conflict, it has the Peiping regime is at the root of all China, addressed to the President of the engaged in infiltration and subversion in troubles in Asia and the whole world. Each United Nations. Under leave to extend other parts of the world. Today the hands of and every act of the regime has violated the my remarks I include a copy of General the Chinese Oommunists are clearly discern­ principles of the U.N. Charter and the Uni­ Ying-chin's letter in order that it may ible in every local insurgence in Southeast versal Declaration of Human Rights. Fur­ be read by all who are interested. It is Asia, the Middle East, Latin America and thermore, the Chinese Communist leader­ factual and in many ways a remarkable Africa. Furthermore, the regime has repeat­ ship has time and again poured venom document: edly proclaimed its attempt at a "world revo­ against the United Nations and vowed to OcTOBER 6, 1971. lution" by means of violence. Despite its re­ form a "Revolutionary United Nations". cent smiling offensive, the Peiping regime These and other pronouncements have un­ H. E. DR. ADAM MALIK, still regards the United States as its arch mistakably shown the regime's determina­ President of the 26th Session of the UN Gen­ enemy and has openly reaffirmed its deter­ tion to destroy the existing United Nations. eral Assembly, and The Delegates of All mination to support the Communist forces The irony of all those has been that Albania, Member Nations, United Nations, New in Viet Nam, Khmer and Laos to perpetuate Peiping's European satellite, and several other York, N.Y., U.S.A. the war against the United States. countries, in complete disregard of the sanc­ DEAR MR. PRESIDENT MALIK AND THE DELE• 2. Essentially a gang of terrorists, the Chi­ tity of the United Nations Charter, have reg­ GATES OF ALL MEMBER NATIONS: The purpose Of nese Communist regime has earned the deep ularly submitted to the General Assembly the the United Nations is to find effective means hatred of the Chinese people for imposing preposterous proposal that the Chinese Com­ to establish an ever-lasting peace in the upon them a system that is diametrically op­ munist regime be admitted to the family of wake of two disastrous world wars. The objec­ posed to the Chinese cultural traditions. nations at the expense of the Republic of tives of the U.N. Charter are the prevention This accounts for the endless uprisings China. The fact that the Albanian proposal of international aggression, maintenance of against the regime since its inception over was invariably voted down by the General world peace, respect for human rights and twenty years ago. In order to suppress the Assembly during the past years indicated elo­ freedom, and improvement of the living con­ resistance movement and to uproot the Chl­ quently that we, China and our friendly ditions of the people everywhere. To insure nese traditions, the regime has resorted to Powers, fought against the admittance of the the attainment of these goals, member na­ a reign of terror and wholesale massacre. The Peiping Communist regime, to the United tions are required to abide by international pogrom in Tibet in 1963 has been unsur­ Nations not only for the purpose of safe­ justice and the principles of international passed both in scale and brutality. Accord­ guarding our own legal rights and privileges l!'\W and are particularly forbidden to en­ ing to reliable statistics, as many as 63,000,000 in the United Nations but also for the pur­ croach upon the territorial integrity or Chinese people have been butchered by the pose of upholding the sanctity of the Char­ sovereignty of another nation by the use of Chinese Communists, and more than 2,500,- ter as well as the security of the United Na­ coercion or force of arms. This is the funda­ 000 Chinese people have fled from the main­ tions Organization. However, we cannot help mental spirit of the U.N. Charter. The viola­ land to escape Communist persecution. The observing again with apprehension thrut the tion or abnegation of thls spirit in any way internal power struggle within the Peiping clamor for admitting the Peiping regime would inevitably shake the United Na­ regime is far from over. These developments has again gained currency lately amidst a tions at its very foundation and bring about have given lie to the assertion that the rising tide of international appeasement. It the threat of an unprecedented disaster to Peiping regime is in effective control of the has even been suggested that Chlna's perma­ the human race. mainland. nent seat in the United Nations Security The Republic of China had fought aggres­ 3. Dedicated to an expansionalist policy, Council should be given to the Peiping Re­ sion single-handed for five long years when the Peiping regime has been squeezing the gime. If such an absurd idea, so obviously at the Second World War began. With the vic­ captive people of their last trace of material variance with the principles of the U.N. tory over aggression finally won, the Republic possession in its frantic preparation for war. Charter, were to be translated into reality, of China joined its wartime Allies to give During the turmoil created by the devilish it would be tantaml unt to rewarding ag­ birth to this world organization for peace Red Guards, production ground to a halt and gression in total disregard of international and, in recognition of its contributions, was rural areas were plunged into a state of justice. ~ince a development would be like justly awarded a permanent seat in the Secu­ bankruptcy. The upshot has been an eco­ the United Nations signing its own death rity Council alongside the four other prin­ nomic crisis that is getting steadily worse. In sentence. cipal Allies which is clearly stipulated in an attempt to wriggle itself out of the diffi­ In view of the fact that the present ses­ Article 23 of the Charter. The full name of culties resulting from international isola­ sion of the United Nations General Assembly this country "The Republic of China" stip­ will debate and decide on the so-called ulated in the aforementioned Article which tion, the regime has of late adopted a smil­ ing offensive and is using trade as a bait "China Representation" issue and that the cannot be usurped by any illegal means. As decisions of such debate would have serious China made the biggest sacrifice prior to the to lure the Western countries into its pol1t­ ical trap. It is a known fact that free trade consequences on the future security of the birth of the United Natio::1s and consider­ United Nations, this Association has reached ing the difficulties pertaining to the orga­ is impossible under the economic system of the Chinese Communists. They are merely an unanimous resolution to appeal to Your nization of the world body, we consider it Excellency and the Delegates of all member our inalienable duty to safeguard the in­ using trade as a cover for their political plots. tegrity of the principles on which the U.N. The only "foreign trade" the Peiping regime nations to the present United Nations Gen­ Charter waz drawn up. has been pushing with earnest in the past eral Assembly session to effectively respect twenty years is the export of narcotics to the sanctity of the U.N. Charter and to reso­ The Government of the Republic of China lutely prevent the Peiping Communist regime was legally constituted through popular elec­ undermine the physical and mental health of the people in the free world. According to from entering the United Nations for the tions as provided in the Chinese constitu­ purpose of upholding international justice tion. In this same Constitution it is specified data collected by the Weekly Review o! Lon­ don, the peasants on the Chinese mainland and the preservation of world peace. that respect for the U.N. Charter shall be the have been ordered to plant poppies on a mas­ Yours sincerely, cornerstone of the nation's foreign policy. sive scale with the total acreage reaching 5,- Ho YING-CHIN, Practising constitutional democracy inter­ President. nally and faithfully carrying out the obliga­ 830,000 hectares. There are thirty "special tions of the U.N. Charter externally, this products processing factories" engaged in the government has enjoyed the unanimous sup­ processing of narcotics for dumping over­ port of the Chinese people at home and seas. In 1970 alone the Peiping regime ex­ THEPIDIDULUMISSWlliGlliG abroad and is internationally recognized as ported $800 million worth of narcotics, in­ a government of responstbtllty. cluding opium, morphine and heroin. Pel­ HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. On the other hand, the Chinese Commu­ ping's trade with "friendly" Japanese busi­ nists are a rebel group. Since its usurpation ness firms bas further facilitated lts nar­ OF CALIFORNU of power on the mainland of China, the re­ cotics shipments to Japan. According to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gime has been tramping on human rights in statistics of the Japanese National Narcotics Monday, October 18, 1971 its domestic administration while pursUing Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, in a a policy of aggression in international affairs. 1 Resolution adopted by the 327th general The atrocities committed by the regime have meeting of the General Assembly, February 1, recent address before the Rotary Club been getting worse over the past years. Here 1951. of San Francisco, Richard G. Capen, Jr., October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36593 eloquently presented the current state is fading rapidly as an issue in America. coasts, in and out of Cuba, and around of our national defense. His remarks ring Unfortunately, those who have built their Hawaii. national reputations as obstructionists, In the Mediterranean, for example, the with the sound of reality and truth, as linger on the sidelines, trying to keep the Soviet Navy will steam some 18,000 ship- became identifiable as the role Exactly one year later the "Second Progress 1970 the committee authorized a. study of of the new technology in the political science Report" was published, containing detailed the role of data processing in legislative op­ and legal mUieus was no longer viewed as a. information relative to the continuing plan­ erations, and in August of that year estab­ fad. A tendency to investigate the applica­ ning effort and summarlzlng the findings of lished a Subcommittee on Computer Services. bility of the innovative technology to as­ the previously described survey of House Upon the occasion of announcing this action sorted committee and constituent problems members and staff aides. A second major facet on the floor of the Senate, the chairman re­ resulted in a. series of studies being com­ of the Working Group activity early in 1970 marked that "it is the hope of the subcom­ missioned during the 1966-1970 time involved an intensive evaluation of the ex­ mittee to update Senate procedures wherever frame:llll perience and capabilities of 65 contractor feasible so that we do not fall behind the Systems Technology and Judicial Adminis­ organizations who might contribute to the times in the use of available technology." ae tration. development of long-range plans and pos­ Thus, the record remains largely unwrit­ Application of Automatic Data. Processing sibly participate in the implementation of ten concerning House and Senate use of com­ in Legal Information Handling. any projected services and systems for the puter technology and systems analysis in the Computers for Congress. House of Representatives. In June of 1970, more advanced applica.tton areas. Valuable The Federal Data Center: Proposals and the Committee on House Administration lessons have been learned as relatively rou­ Reactions. awarded contracts totaling $450,000 to eight tine tasks such as payroll and inventory were transferred from a manual to an automated The Origins and Evolution of the Federal companies to assist the Working Group in Planning-Programming-Budgeting System further studying the information and anal­ ~ode of operation. In this way, and through mvolvement in symposia and committee in­ (PPBS). ysis needs of the House and to develop "a plan for managing the design, implementa­ vestigations where technology might be a Automatic Data Processing a!ld the Small factor, numerous legislators have become Businessman. tion, and operation of the services." 20 One facet of this effort involved an in-depth better versed in what computers can (and Systems Technology Applied to Social and cannot) do. The resulting interest and more Community Problems. study of a computer-supported addressing and malllng system for the House; a "Special often voiced query "Why don't we use com­ Automatic Data Processing and the Ameri­ puters to help ourselves?" has permeated the can Political Campaign. Report" containing detailed information rel­ ative to the plans and research for the de­ consciousness of the congressional leader­ With no action seemingly possible via the velopment of this specialized system was ship, causing it to look more closely at the customary bill passage route, Rep. John Bra· approved by the committee in December "new" devices and techniques. Also note­ demas of Inclla.na determined to activate the (1970).'r7 worthy, and what might be called a "sign of House by Introducing a resolution which was A recognized factor in the gradual educa­ the times," is the increasing number of new tion of House members regarding the utility members who gained a familiarity with com­ Footnotes at end of article. of computers and a more scientific manage- puterized services existing in their state legis- ~ctober 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36599 latures. Underlying all of these fragmentary puter stored material, plus special indexes, conditions of life change, the governing :(actors is the unrelenting struggle of the precede preparation of the final copy for media and the rationale for decision making member to find enough time to ful:flll all of photo-composition publication by the Gov­ change apace. We expect the unexpected, less his obligations--through his presence on the ernment Printing Office. Eventually the "Bill hesitantly accept the abberations in our pat­ floor, in performing committee duties, and Digest" magnetic tapes will be inserted di­ tern of living brought about by technology, in staying abreast of constituent casework­ rectly into the GPO Linotron device which and consciously or subliminally are trans­ and to discover better ways of getting the job performs offset printing without "hot type" formed. Writing in The Heavenly City of the done. input. Another CRS product is the Legisla­ Eighteenth-Century Philosophers, Carl L. COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION SUPPORTS THE tive Status Report, containing current in­ Becker commented upon life in a machine 33 CURRENT STATUS formation on "major" bills' status and con­ age: tent. A third major use of computer support Fresh discoveries and new inventions are While the future of computer systems on in providing a service to the Congress fea­ no longer the result of fortunate accidents Capitol Hill holds a promise of bedazzling tures the capture of key information on re­ networks of television and voice terminals which we are expected to note with awe.... providing instantaneous recall of myriad cent English-language acquisitions, including Novelty has ceased to excite wonder because facts or the manipulation of statistical files, government publications, magazines, special it has ceased to be novelty; on the contrary, there is at present a rather substantial com­ foundation studies, and some books. Basic the strange, so habituated have we become puterized support element _within the legis­ bibliographic elements are stored in the to it, is of the very essence of the customary. lative branch. Both chambers now have com­ computer, and CRS researchers are notified There is nothing new in heaven or earth not puter facilities, as do the Library of Congress, of the new materials on the basis of an dreamt of in our laboratories; and we should General Accounting Office, and Government "interest profile" ~reated specifically for each be amazed indeed if tomorrow and tomorrow Printing Office. True to form-and the pat­ staff person. Long known as a Selective Dis­ and tomorrow failed to offer us something tern is the same wherever automatic data. semination of Information (SDI) system, and new to challenge our capacity for readjust­ processing has been introduced-the commit­ in the congressional environment as a "Cur­ ment. . ment of staff, money, and space has inevit­ rent Awareness" service, this offering is being Within this context, then, the Congress of ably increased with each passing year. And extended during the 92nd Congress to all Sen­ the United States must retain its mastery of in most cases, the number of services pro­ ate and House committees. In addition to the those constitutional guidelines and duties vided has multiplied. notification service, which may be followed which are above compromise. A concurrent The initiative of the Clerk of the House in up by providing the actual source document control and use of technology, in all shapes developing a utilitarian ADP support capabil­ to an interested user, special overnight com­ and forms and at all levels, is an absolute ity, as previously noted, has resulted in mod­ put er searches may be made according to a prerequisite for those to whom responsive­ ernizing many of the routine administrative topical request (e.g., "Provide citations on all ness to the people is the unequivocal raison d/etre. functions of the chamber.31 Using an IBM written sources received since January of 360 Model 50 configuration, full-time sup­ 1969 on the subject of 'demonstration FOOTNOTES port is provided for: a payroll of 7,000 em­ cities.'") 1 For an excellent discussion of cong~·es­ ployees (including such niceties as monthly Committee support thus far has been lim­ sional performance, see Salama, Congress and statements on allowances and expenditures, ited to assisting House committees in their the New Politics 12-27 (Boston, Little, Brown and the automatic handling of state tax de­ handling of legislative calendar information. and Co., 1969) . ductions); an inventory and accounting sys­ This effort was originated as the result of a 2 A recent reference work on this subject tem for 8,000 pieces of electrical and request by Rep. Wright Patman of Texas, is Chartrand, Systems Technology Applied to mechanical equipment, including history chairman of the Committee on Banking and Social and Community Problems (N.Y., Spar­ and maintenance records; an on-line tally Currency, for technical assistance by CRS in­ tan Books. 1971). record of votes cast, maintained through a formation specialists. Installation of ter­ 3 De Grazia ed., Congress: The First Branch videoscreen unit in the Tally Clerk's office; minals and operational experience gained of Government (Wash., D.C., American En­ and an inventory of 43,000 pieces of furni­ during the 91st Congress have resulted, ac­ terprise Institute for Public Policy Research, ture and property. The facility staff is pro­ cording to committee personnel, in a more 1966). viding support to the House Committee on current, useful product published at con­ • Chartrand, Janda, & Hugo eds., Informa­ Banking and Currency in preparing its an­ siderable monetary savings. With the opening tion Support, Program Budgeting, and the nual report on savings and loan institutions' of the 92nd Congress, four House commit.tees Congress (N.Y., Spartan Books, 1968). activities for the Internal Revenue Service. were either operational or testing the ter­ 5 For a listing of 89th, 90th, and 91st Con­ Nearly complete is· an accounts payable ap­ minal system; four Senate committees also gress bills, see U.S. Cong., Comm. on House plication for the House Recording Studio, are considering this service. Administration, First Progress Report of the and slated for near-term implementation are Through the development of these, and Special Subcommittee on Electrical and Me­ ADP-supported inventory and accounting other, services and products, the Congres­ chanical Office Equipment (91st Cong., 1st procedures for the House Stationery Room, sional Research Service, supported by the Sess., October 1969). and budget support for the Finance Office. It analysts and programmers of the Library's 0 Of special interest is the Arthur D. Little is generally expected that the clerk's facility Information Systems Office, has reached a special report, Congress Needs Help (Novem­ will be the site of the projected addressing higher plateau of sensitivity regarding con­ ber 24, 1965), a management study of the and mailing system for the House. An in­ gressional information needs which will be U.S. Congress commissioned by NBC News. formation retrieval system capable of track­ most useful in the future. With a facility fea­ Also, see Saloma, supra note 1, at 17Q-190, ing legislation, supporting selected commit­ turing twin IBM 360 Model 40 units, volu­ which includes comments on earlier (and tee activities, and dealing with federal minous disk storage, and an array of 35 ter­ sometimes unpublished) findings. An earlier agency and budget data is a featured part of minals for CRS and committee use, the re­ study was reported on in O'Leary ed., Con­ the system of the future. searchers and advisors are strongly posi­ gressional Reorganization: Problems and Computerized support activity within the tioned to provide the range of new and ex­ Prospects-A Conference Report (Hanover, Senate has been centered in the establish­ panded services called for in the Legislative N.H., Public Affairs Center, Dartmouth Col­ ment of an addressing and mailing system, Reorganization Act of 1970. lege, 1964). 1 using an IBM 360 Model 40 installation. Al­ LOOKING AHEAD U.S. Cong., Comm. on House Administra­ though drawing upon outside expertise in The challenges facing the Congress and tion, Second Progress Report of the Special designing and experimenting with the sys­ nation are of such severity that President Subcommittee on Electrical and Mechanical tem, the Office of the Sergeant-at-Arms now Nixon, in his State of the Union message, em­ Office Equipment (91st Cong., 2d Sess., Octo­ exercises full control, and is servicing nearly phasized the need for vision, a reshaping of ber 1970), at 3-12. three-fourths of the senatorial offices. A few the forces of government, and responsive ac­ s !d., at vii-viii. individual members have contracted for tion by the Congress allowing America to e !d., at 12-13. studies of their office operations, and several "enter its third century as a young nation 10 !d., at 13, Chart I. committees currently are exploring the po­ new in spirit, with all the vigor and fresh­ 11 Recently issued by the Standing Comm. tential of ADP support in legislative calendar ness with which it began its first century." 311 on Law and Technology of the American Bar preparation or the creation of extensive in­ If Congress is to accept this challenge as an Association is the second edition of Com­ dexes to their hearings' documentation files. unprecedented opportunity, approaching the puters and the Law (Bigelow ed., N.Y. The development of computer-assisted laborious and complex tasks with vigor and Commerce Clearing House, Inc., 1969). services for the Congress began in the then ingenuity, then it must have at hand in­ 12 Commencing in January 1969, the World Legislative Reference Service late in 1967. formation resources of nonpareil integrity Peace Through Law Center has published a Typewriter terminals operating under the and substance. It will have to develop within monthly journal, Law and Computer Tech­ Administrative Terminal System (ATS) were its own membership, and the ranks of those nology. [Beginning with volume 4 (January/ used in preparing material for the bi-weekly who advise and counsel, a willingness to ex­ February 1971) this journal 1s issued Digest of Public General Bills and Resolu­ periment, to dissect and discard shibboleths, bi-monthly.) tions. Legislative analysts prepare key iden­ and to reshape those laws and institutions 18 An example o! a university's taking note tifying in!ormatton~ponsor(s), blll number, which impede the attainment of our national of the new area 1s found 1n the creation of title, date introduced, committee to which goals. the Rutgers Journal of Computers and the assigned and a brief digest of the content In years to come, these times may be Law, first issued Spring 1970, by the Rutgers for each blll. Recall and editing o! the com- known as the Age of Readjustment. As our Law School. 36600 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 u Freed, Administrative Law, in Computers LEAD POISONING IN NEW YORK are detected in all months of the year but and the Law (2d ed.), supra note 11, at 100. CITY have come to medical attention more often 1s The Legislative Reorganization Act of during the months of May through Septem­ 1946 (P.L. 601 of the 79th Cong.). ber. Although the seasonal variation has been 1G The Joint Comm. on the Organization the subject of speculation by many authors, of the Congress was created by S. Con. Res. HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN the cause is not yet apparent. No. 2, 89th Cong., 1st Sess. OF NEW YORK Oases of lead poisoning have been found 11 U.S. Cong., Joint Comm. on the Organi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in all health districts of New York City, as zation of the Cong., Organization of Con­ is seen in Table 2. There is marked variation gress: Hearings before the Joint Comm. 89th Wednesday, October 13, 1971 in the incidence of lead poisoning among the Cong., 2d Sess., pursuant to S. Con. Res. 2 Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, childhood boroughs of the city and also among the Part 15, Appendix: Automatic Data Process­ health districts within each borough. It is ing for the Congress, by Robert L. Chartrand, lead poisoning remains the scourge of our sobering to compare the incidence of recent at 2314 (1966). Nation's inner cities, claiming the lives cases with reports of ten years ago. Many 1 U.S. Cong., Oomm. on Rules, Legislative of 200 young children each year and of the same health districts are still affected. Reorganization Act of 1970: Report of the afflicting some 40&,000 others. More cases of lead poisoning are reported Comm. on Rules on H.R. 17654 (91st Cong., The occurrence of this dread disease among two-year-olds than any other single 2d Sess., H.R. Rep. No. 91-1215, 1970), at 3. in New York City and the actions being age (as seen in TABLE 3). The next years most 19 116 Oong. Rec. H8880 (daily ed. Sept. 17, likely to be affected are ages one anc!. three. 1970) (remarks of Representative Joe D. undertaken to combat it were presented in an article by Vincent Guinee of the Few cases occur beyond age five years. Waggonner, Jr., during debate on the Legis­ APPROACH lative Reorganization Act of 1970). Bureau of Lead Poisoning Control, New 20 U.S. Cong., Comm. on Rules, Legislative York City Health Department, which ap­ Our approach incorporated se·1eral consid­ Reorganization Act of 1970, supra note 18, peared in the May 1971 edition of "Trans­ erations. First, we recognize lead poisoning at 11. actions of the New York Academy of to be causally related to deteriorating hous­ :n During calendar year 1970, CRS received Sciences." ing. To the best of our knowledge, lead 173, 171 requests for assistance from congres­ poisoning does not occur in modern, well­ sional offices. Information provided by Virgie I commend this article to the attention kept housing units. The long-term solution D. Finley, Administrative Office, Office of the of my colleagues. will be to replace the deteriorating housing Director, Congressional Research Service. The article follows: of the inner city with decent housing. This will take time, and in the interim we feel :r.~ An excellent treatment of the provisions LEAD POISONING IN NEW YORK CITY • of the Act affecting committees is found in the focus of our approach should be the child Kravitz, the Legislative Reorganization Act (By Vincent F. Guinee, Bureau of Lead Poi­ who is in danger of lead poisoning today, of 1970: Summary and Analysis of Provisions soning Control, New York City Health De­ whose home should be first in line for repair. Affecting Committees and Committee Staff partment) This child should be protected while society of the House of Representatives (Wa-sh., D.C., PROBLEM determines how best to solve the housing crisis. Legislative Reference Service, Library of Con­ Lead exposure is one of New York City's In contrast the individual-patient ap­ gress, Dec. 28, 1970) . major pediatric problems. It is estimated that to proach, which tends to expend program 2:1 These studies, prepared by Robert L. 450,000 apartment units in New York City are Chartrand, have appeared as LRS multilithed in such a state of disrepair that a child living energies on known cases, the Bureau of Lead reports and, in most instances, have been se­ in them will be exposed to the hazard of lead Poisoning Control has taken responsibility lected for insertion in the Congressional Rec­ paint poisoning. Approximately 120,000 chil­ for all cases present in the city. A year or ord or included in committee documenta­ dren are currently living in these dwellings, two 9:go we in essence waited for a child to tion. walk in and declare, "I have pica." Now we and it is estimated that 6,000 to 8,000 of these actively seek out cases in dim-lit corridors 21 Joe D. Waggonner, Jr. Remarks contained children have significant levels of lead in in the transcript of the videofilm presenta­ their blood. Almost all areas of New York City of deteriorating buildings and worry most tion at the Fall Joint Computer Conference, report some lead poisoning cases, because any about those cases not yet found. Las Vegas, Nevada, November 18, 1969, at dwelling with lead-painted interior surfaces TABLE 1.- NEW YORK CITY INCIDENCE OF LEAD POISONING 29- 30. can become a source of toxic lead. CASES BY MONTH, 1969 AND 19701 2S U.S. Cong., Comm. on House Adminis­ Health officials in New York City banned tration, supra note 5, at 1. Special attention the use of high-content lead paint on indoor has been given to congressional utilization surfaces in 1959. However, dangerous build­ 1969 1970 of Project Lite and the Department of Jus­ ings containing toxic levels of lead were gen­ tice legal information retrieval system called erally built before World War II. It is in such January______71 29 February ______58 44 "JURIS" (Justice Retrieval and Inquiry older buildings that a young child gains ac­ March______50 85 System). · cess to paint that contains high levels of ApriL______59 112 00 U.S. Cong., Comm. on House Adminis­ lead. May______85 177 June______84 325 tration, supra note 7, at 1. The funds for Reported deaths due to lead poisoning have July ______77 376 these contracts were obtained from the House dropped sharply over the past ten years in August______72 471 contingency fund through the passage of New York City. There were 12 in 1959 and September______55 383 H. Res. 710 on November 25, 1969. two in 1969. Two deaths attributed to lead October______43 251 November______33 217 :r. U.S. Cong., Comm. on House Administra­ poisoning have occurred in 1970. At the same December______40 179 tion, Special Report of the Special Subcom. time, the number of lead poisoning cases re­ on Electrical and Mechanical Office Equip­ ported to the Health Department has in­ TotaL __ ------7-27----2-,-64-9 ment on a Computerized Addressing and Mail creased over the last ten years from 171 in ing System for the House of Representatives 1959 to 727 in 1969. In the first 11 months 1 Revised after presentaron to include December 1970. (91st Cong., 2d Sess., December 1970). of this year, approximately 2,500 cases have 28 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, VOl. 113, pt. 3, p. been discovered. 3732. (Remarks of Senator Hugh Scott during By our current definition, any child with TABLE 2.- INCIDENCE OF LEAD POISONING CASES BY NEW debate on the Legislative Reorganization Act 0.06 mg per 100 ml of lead in his blood is con­ of 1967). sidered to be a "case." This value is accepted YORK CITY HEALTH DISTRICT 29 Andrew J. Glass, CPR Report/Congress as a significantly abnormal level of lead in Moves into Computer Age But Divides Con­ the blood. These children as a rule do not 1 1969 2 1970 trol of New Systems, National Journal (Wash. have symptoms, but this level of lead in the D.C,, Center for Political Research, May 30, blood does indicate two things: first, that . Manhattan totaL ______84 260 1970}, at 1153, n. 22. the child has access to lead in his environ­ Central Harlem ______---15 ____ 8_9 ment and, second, that the child is taking 30 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, VOl. 116, pt. 21, p. East Harlem______17 47 28428. (Remarks of Senator B. Everett Jordan the lead into his system, probably by eating. Kips Bay-Yorkville______2 1 in the Senate, Computer Services). This level of blood lead, therefore, signals a Lower East Side______11 28 :u. Information provided by Thom-as E. Ladd, potentially harmful situation. Lower WestSide______1 21 Riverside ... ------10 39 Methods and Systems Analyst, Offioo of the The incidence of lead poisoning cases by Washington "eights______5 35 Clerk of the House. month in New York City 1s presented 1n Table District unknown______23 ------1 and Figure 1 (not printed in RECORD). Cases :12 State of the Union message of President Bronx totat______===2==lo===46=1 Richard M. Nixon, quoted in the Washington Post, January 23, 1971, at A12. •This paper was presented at a meeting Fordham-Riverdale ______---7----22- Morrisania______66 204 33 Becker, the Heavenly City of the Eight­ of the Section of Environmental Sciences on Mott Haven______85 114 eenth-Century Philosophers. December 8, 1970. Pelham BaY------1 1 October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36601 each hospital in the city will respond by in­ under three years of age, whereas in 1970, 11969 21970 corporating screening tests into its available 49.3% were in this age group. Based on 1969 services. data, a program concentrating on children through age four years seemed to cover Tremont______30 116 PROGRAM Westchester ______--- ______• 7 4 All hospitals in New York City has been 93% of the cases. Our 1970 data show only D.strict unknown •• _------14 ------called on to screen young children who may 82% of the cases in this age bracket. ======have been exposed to deteriorating housing. One of the most interesting shifts in data Brooklyn totaL ______372 1,324 that has appeared concerns the distribu­ ------In addition, 95 permanent facilities for test­ ing are currently in operation, as well as tion of blood lead levels (as seen in TABLE 5). mobile units and special door-to-door neigh­ One of the current controversies in the ~:~f~~~~~~~~~~~~====~======10~ 21~ field of lead poisoning centers about the Brownsville ..• ------79 331 borhood programs. Bushwick •.. ------57 241 When a child in New York City is found to question "What is a. normal level of lead?" Some investigators even question: "Is any ~~Ab8~~ene ======6~ 2~g have a. lead level of 0.06 mg per 100 ml or Gravesend .• ------1 22 level of lead normal?" Another way the greater in his blood, the Health Department question can be posed-"What is a lead level ~~~s~n~r~~~-~~~~--~~======~ ~~ notifies the agency or physician submitting high enough to demand medical attention?" Williamsburg-GreenpoinL______11 75 the specimen. A Health Department nurse In 1969, about 25% of tests showed 50 mg District unkpown ••• ------===37=·=--=·=--=·=--=- and sanitarian visit the child's home. The per 100 m1 or greater, while in 1970 a. total nurse discusses the situation with the family Queens totaL.------27 199 of only 11 % were in this range. In 1969, ------and helps them plan for medical care. The children received blood tests for lead when Astoria-Long Island City ______0 1 sanitarian takes samples of paint and plaster there was a strong suspicion of lead poison­ Corona ______• ___ ------2 28 from the apartment to determine sources of 1 8 ing. In 1970 they were tested if they lived in Flushing ____ ------lead available to the child. If the laboratory Jamaica East. ___ ------10 55 an environment that made lead poisoning 9 105 finds any paint samples with more than one Jamaica West_ ___ ------1 2 possible. A third set of percentages, which we Maspeth-Forest Hills. ____ ----_------per cent lead content, the owner is ordered do not as yet have, would be taken from District unknown ______------4 ------by the Health Commissioner to correct the ======children in buildings where lead poisoning condition within five days. If the owner fails Richmond.------===2====1=1 is considered unlikely. This latter group to comply, the Emergency Repair Program of should further extend the shift to the lower TotaL.------695 2, 255 the City's Housing and Development Admin­ values. istration is requested to send a repair team 1 Only those cases where address was known (695{727 cases). to do the work. When the work is done, the TABLE 5.-NEW YORK CITY DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD LEVELS ~January-October 1970. owner is billed. IN BLOOD, 1969t AND 1970 (THROUGH JULY) To implement this program, the Bureau of Lead Poisoning Control has approximately TABLE 3.-AGE DlSTRIBUTION OF NEW YORK CITY LEAD Number of Percent of POISONING CASES,l969 AND 1970(THROUGH OCTOBER) 200 people and an annual budget of specimens total $2,400,000. ACCOMPLISHMENTS 1969 1970 1969 1970 Number of cases Cumulative percent The accomplishments of the Lead Poison­ Age-Years 1969 1970 1969 1970 ing Control program so far this year are Blood level (micrograms): 88 0. 2 presented in table 4. Nearly 80,000 blood spec­ ------imens have been analyzed by the Health ~~======----157" 8.1 16 ------0. 7 20______552 &~~~ 2~: ~ 36.1 0.------l______120 469 19.3 21.5 Department's Bureau of Laboratories. Ap­ 30______738 11,182 27.8 31.0 2______266 627 63.5 49.3 proximately 2,500 new cases have been un­ 13.6 3______122 409 83.5 67.4 covered. The apartments of these children ~~======~~~ 4, 899 21.0 5.8 4______58 326 93.0 81.9 60______156 2, ~~~ 1~: ~ 2. 7 5______28 213 96.5 91.3 have been inspected, and 2,344 lived in some 70--100 ______135 838 5. 2 2. 3 6______6 105 97.5 96.0 suspicious location, from which a. sample of 110 and over______35 79 1.4 .2 7______7 46 99.0 98.0 paints was taken for laboratory analysis. Two­ 8______8 24 100.0 99.1 TotaL ______2, 648 36,071 100.0 100.0 9 and over______99.9 thirds of these apartments had at least one 17 ------location where lead paint was found in ex­ Unknown______112 3 ------100.0 cess of the legal limit for lead content. So I Blood levels for coded laboratory slips. TotaL ___ _ 727 2,255 ------far this year, almost 1,000 apartments have been repaired by either the landlord or the We have gained a new appreciation of the Emergency Repair Program. vagaries of definition. If we review statistics We have ignored asking the classical from year to year and city to city, epidemio­ screening question, "Does your child have TABLE 4.-NEW YORK CITY HEALTH DEPARTMENT LEAD logic patterns are portrayed that differ more pica?" and instead stressed the dangerous POISONING CONTROL PROGRAM, JAN. 1, 1970, TO DEC. l• in definition than in substance. The study of environment. The information we now seek 1970 lead poisoning has been hampered by, and is: "Do you have a. young child who is ex­ obscured by, semantics. When we speak of a posed to a. deteriorating housing environ­ Blood specimens analyzed ______79,245 case of lead poisoning, "case" has a connota­ ment?" we accepted the !act that a. history Positive cases ______2, 469 Primary inspections, including supplementary apart- tion of symptoms and "poisoning" has a con­ of pica was significant, but we rejected the ments ______12 801 notation of damage. Neither is necessarily !act that the absence of such a. history was Apartments from which samples taken·------======2:344 true. Yet, the phrase "case of lead poison­ significant in deciding which child should be Paint test results reported ______2, 306 ing," whether it is the Chicago definition of screened. Positive apartments______1, 564 Orders sent to landlords______1, 528 50 mg or New York City definition of 60 mg We have attempted to remove guilt from Reinspections ______------1, 374 per 100 ml, can precipitate the same reaction; the mother of the potentially lead-poisoned Apartments repaired by landlords______208 and this reaction may or may not be appro­ child. A child can eat paint chips within Assignments to emergency repair program ______1, 092 Apartments repaired by emergency repair program______759 priate. minutes, and every two-year-old child is out For example, 60 JLg has been chosen as an of sight of its mother, minutes at a. time, t The figure· of 2,801 represents 2,370 primary inspections plus apparently safe cut-off point, but we use it as many times during a single day. By keeping 431 primary inspections of supplemental apartments. a threshold in defining a case. Now, some chil­ such reality in mind we do not force a. woman WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED? dren with levels of 40 or 50 JLg develop levels to put her reputation as a. mother on the of 60 by the time of retesting. If we recognize line when she brings her child to be tested. One of the interesting things we have ob­ 60 as a. safe level, this is acceptable. If we The last thing we want is for a mother to served might be termed the "effort effect." regard 60 as an area of damage it is not ac­ if feel that her child has an elevated blood If one were to spell this out in a. law it might ceptable. In deciding the question of how lead level she has been proved "scientifically" go something like this: the appearance of often a child with a level 40 JLg should be re­ · to be a bad mother. reality varies in proportion to the intensity tested, we must keep in mind what we are When the medical community is presented of observation. As is seen in TABLE 1, toward retesting for: the possibility that a child may with large numbers of children with elevated the latter half of 1970 we were finding six reach the other side of an administrative cut­ lead levels, the diagnosis of lead poisoning times the number of cases reported in the off point or that he is in danger of harm. can no longer be characterized as a medical­ same period just one year before, and if center curiosity. It is now recognized as a one were to look for a seasonal peak in 1969, Another term even less well defined is "re­ practical problem of everyday pediatrics in it would have been in May and June, where­ currence." Several investigators have spoken New York City. The first step in frequent as in 1970 it was in August. Geographically of almost 100% permanent damage resulting diagnosis is awareness. as seen in TABLE 2, the Flatbush Health from a recurrence of lead poisoning. As might In the long run we hope that a blood test District in Brooklyn had the same number be imagined, this refers to a symptomatic !or lead poisoning will become part of a. of cases in 1969 and 1970, whereas in the recurrence, most often with a definite neu­ routine childhood examination at the child's Williamsburg-Greenpoint area cases in­ rologic component. Permanent damage can­ regular health facility. It is expected that as creased seven times. not now be predicted on the basis of a fluc­ the prevalence of lead poisoning in the com• The age distribution was also affected. In tuation of the blood level, though we may munity around a hospital is demonstrated, 1969, 63.5% of all cases were in children now administratively consider a specific fl.uc- 36602 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 tuation to be a recurrence. The definition Whereas the recent change in the policy of leased. The Library of Congress study of that will distinguish between an asympto­ the United States in regard to the Govern­ this matter concluded: matic recurrence and a meaningless :fluctua­ ment of Communist China has already tion of the blood lead level has not yet been wrought grievous damage to the cause of the Taking even the lowest estimate of missing determined. struggle against Communist aggression in French personnel and the highest estimate When a child returns to a hospital with an every part of the world, of released POW's would still leave the fate elevated blood level, after treatment has re­ Resolved that the Bronx County Commit­ of more than 20.000 missing French Union sulted in a lower level the physician most tee of the New York State Conservative Party forces unaccounted for. often terms the situation a "reexposure." The calls upon the President of the United States My colleagues, for the sake of the fam­ connotation of reexposure suggests an exter­ to declare without delay that the exclusion nal causal factor, the home environment that of Free China from the United Nations would ilies of these captive Americans, let us still harbors lead, thus reexposing the child. be followed by the immediate withdrawal of pray fervently and continuously for the Yet it is very possible that in at least some the United States of America from that or­ safety and protection of their loved ones instances the source of lead is the child's owu ganization; and, should such exclusion nev­ but, at the same time, let us not base om: bones. Treatment has simply cleansed the ertheless ensue, that the President proceed hopes for their safe return of unrealistic blood of its lead content, which is soon re­ forthwith to implement this declaration. thinking. plenished by the process of equilibration with bone. The connotation the scientific commu­ nity sees in the word reexposure will deter­ PRAYER AMENDMENT mine the possible preventive and therapeutic PRISONERS OF WAR actions to be taken under consideration. WHAT :IS THERE YET TO LEARN? HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI If we look to the future and consider what HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT OF NEW YORK is yet to be learned our questions fall into OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES two categories-concerning the child and his environment. One wide area for research IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, October 18, 1971 must deal with how the individual child re­ Monday, October 18, 1971 Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the House acts to his lead burden-to determine an­ swers to such questions as: How does the Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, it is shortly will have an opportunity to vote prognosis of his condition vary with blood my solemn obligation to bring to the at­ on the prayer amendment to the Consti­ level and age of onset? Is it feasible to at­ tention of the Members of the U.S. Con­ tution as a result of a completed dis­ tempt to measure psychological damage sec­ gress, and the entire Nation, that it is now charge petition. ondary to lead ingestion? Which child should 7 years and 206 days since the first I was an early signer of that petition receive treatment, and what iS the satisfac­ because I believed and still believe that tory end-point of that treatment? How do American servicemen were captured in we assess the child's environment? Paint is Indochina to be held as prisoners of war there must be decisive action if we are put on one layer at a time. It is removed and under the ruthless Communists of South to overcome the current maze of mis­ ingested 15 or 20 layers at a time. How do Vietnam, North Vietnam, and the Viet­ understandings and legal maneuvers. we reasonably measure the hazard and en­ cong. It is the duty of the U.S. Congress There are some who seem to feel we force the law? to declare their concern for the defend­ are stuck with the narrow court deci­ The staff of the Bureau of Lead Poisoning ers of their country by insisting upon sions on prayer which have been Control is optimistic. We feel if the medical securing the end of their imprisonment. broadly interpreted. profession is aware and if society knows, steps I do not believe we are-in fact, I be­ will be taken toward solving these problems. It is now obvious that any indication The combined efforts of city planners, econ­ on the part of Hanoi that they are willing lieve that is exactly where Congress has omiSts, and physical and social scientists to agree upon terms for the release of a responsibility to step into the picttire. will be needed. American prisoners is a sham. During the We need to act to bring order out of past 3 years of talks in Paris, the Com­ utter chaos, making it crystal clear that munists have merely used the American no one's rights are endangered by our prisoners as their pawns in attempting action but, rather, that everyone's rights RESOLUTION IN SUPPORT OF to persuade the United States to nego­ are being insured. NATIONALIST CHINA t!.ate under terms favorable to the Com­ Mr. Speaker, the general director of munist objectives. It is time for the the National Association of Evangelicals, HON. MARIO BIAGGI media, the President, and every public Clyde W. Taylor, has laid out the issue official to concentrate full attention on in its simplest form in a letter which I OF NEW YORK this issue and denounce the pretense of include with my remarks: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Communists. These hardened war NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Monday, October 18, 1971 criminals, who are negotiating on a take­ OF EVANGELICALS, it-or-leave-it basis with the full support Washington, D.C., October 15,1971. Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the Bronx Hon. THADDEUS DuLSKI, County Committee of the New York of both Moscow and Peking, will cruelly House of Representatives, State Conservative Party recently passed exploit our American prisoners whenever Washington, D.C. a resolution in support of retention of and wherever it gives them the advan­ DEAR MR. DuLsKI: The U.S. Supreme Court Nationalist China in the United Nations. tage. The American people are appealing decision concerning prayer and Bible reading I have expressed my strong feelings on to the Members of Congress to bring in the public school has been a live iSsue for their men home and we must stop allow­ the past nine years. The concerted effort to this subject in the past. If the United get corrective action through legiSlation has Nations is to be any sort of an interna­ ing this Government to ~e misle~ by the smooth-tongued proposals of this hard­ varied but the public has had a sustained tional organization at all, it cannot ex­ interest in a Prayer Amendment since 1962. clude Nationalist China. Moreover, Tai­ ened enemy. Contrary to what is usually reported the wan was one of the founding members of Mr. Speaker, let me recount the ex­ "practices at issue" which the Court found that body. If Nationalist China should perience of the French in dealing with to be unconstitutional were voluntary on the be excluded, then this country will have the Communists. At the 1954 Geneva part of the participants. Justice Douglas was Conference, with the Agreement on the careful to note this in both of hiS concurring to seriously consider its continued mem­ opinions. In the Engel case he said: bership in the UN. Cessation of Hostilities in Vietnam, the French and Vietminh set a deadline for " ... there is no element of compulsion or For the benefit of my colleagues I will coercion in New York's regulations ... N~ include the resolution at this point in the liberation of all prisoners of war 30 student is compelled to take part ... Pro- the RECORD: days after the effective ~ease-fire date. vision is also made for excusing children . . . RESOLUTION The French released 65,477 Vietminh from saying the prayer or from the room in Whereas the Republic of China, under the POW's. The Vietminh offered to return which the prayer is said . . . Students can leadership of GeneraliSsimo Chiang Kai­ only 9,138 French Union POW's while stand mute or even leave the classroom, 1f Shek, has been a faithful, effective and per­ French sources claimed 40,172 of their they desire." severing ally of the United States during personnel were missing. Eight years later, Again in the Schempp decision Justice and since the time of the Second World War, on November 17, 1962, Radio Hanoi re­ Douglas noted: and ported the North Vietnamese regime had "In these cases we have no coercive re· Whereas the Republic of China, as a Char­ ligious exercise aimed at making the students ter member of the United Nations, has ful• approved a French plan to repatriate and conform. The prayers announced are not filled its obligations to that organization with t i·ansport French Union POW's. Only a compulsory . . . coercion, ·u it be present the greatest dignity and integrity, and hundred-odd personnel were then re- has not been shown." October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36603 So the "practices at issue" were outlawed As everyone knows such legislation cannot from the Superintendent of Documents because they were "religious" and not be­ become law until it has been ratified by at the Government Printing Office at a cause anyone was forced to participate. In three-fourths of the states. Every poll taken nominal price, outlines the basic reason the light of this many have pressed for on the subject during the past nine years has why admitting the Red regime to the administrative and legal decisions which indica.ted an approximate 3 to 1 majority in border on the ridiculous. favor of the Prayer Amendment notwith­ U.N. is a mockery of the U.N. Charter. In the absence of any protest by parent or standing the rather large number of reli­ This report was summarized by Human child, little children in Public School 184 gious leaders who are voicing opinions con­ Events, the Washington weekly which (Queens, N.Y.) were forbidden to say, "GOO trary to their constituency. Congress has an expertly covers the field of current is great, God is good, and we thank Him for obligation to let the people decide the is­ events, in a special supplement entitled, our food" before they ate. The same prohi­ sue by the due process provision of amend­ ''The Case Against Red China," featur­ bition was imposed upon the students in ing the Constitution. Surely this should ing various arguments by experts on the DeKa.lb, Dl., ~th another nursery rhyme never be done hastily or ~thout due con­ without the name of GOO in it because it sider81tion, but there is no other issue on the China question. The Walker report, plus sounded like a prayer. Both cases were up­ current scene that has had as long or a the Human Events special supplement, held by the U.S. Supreme Court. more sustained interest by the public than offer ample material to prove why Red The Washington Star commenting on the the Prayer Amendment. China's admission to the U.N. is fraught DeKalb case said editorially: There is no other level at which this mat­ with danger for the free nations of the "There was a good bit of speculation a few ter can be resolved. The U.S. Supreme Court world and could possibly signal the be­ years ago about the lengths of absurdity to seems adamant. Scores of attempts have ginning of the end for this international which the court might go after its initial been undertaken at the state and school attack on the recitation of prayers in public board levels to devise a way whereby the body supposedly dedicated to the pursuit schools. Now we know. Its ruling in this case need could be met ~thin the structures im­ of world peace. is the end of the line." posed by the courts but to no avail. Just I insert at this point the article "The But the Star was wrong. Several subsequent recently the Pennsylvania Senate unani­ Hwnan Cost of Communism in China" decisions have gone further. In Netcong, N.J., mously passed a bill that would permit from the recent Human Events special high school students have been forbidden brief periods of silent prayer or meditation supplement, "The Case Against Red to voluntarily meet before school started to in the public schools. This is being strongly China": hear a prayer _read from the Congressional opposed by the ACLU which contends that Record. The Supreme Court of New Jersey the measure is "patently unconstitutional." THE HUMAN COST OF COMMUNISM IN CHINA: also ruled unconstitutional a similar arrange­ In opposing the bill, the ACLU said the New MAO TSE-TUNG'S BLOODY RECORD OF RED ment in Leyden, Mass., for prayer outside of Jersey Supreme Court held an almost iden­ DESPOTISM REVEALED school hours. tical law to be unconstitutional in 1970 and NOTE.-At the initiative of the late Sen. Equally absurd, we think, is the suit to the U.S. Supreme Court refused to review its Thomas J. Dodd of Connecticut, the Senate enjoin the traditional erection of a Creche decision. Internal Securilty subcommi-ttee requested on the Ellpse each year at Christmas time It is hoped that you will not only support Prof. Richard L. Walker, a lifetime student and a plethora of other cases which seem to the Prayer Amendment with your vote but of Chinese a.ffairs, to prepare a study on "The be an expansion of the doctrine established that you ~ll also contribute your expertise Human Cost of Oom.munism in China." Prof. by the Supreme Court in the prayer and Bible as a legislator and persuasive speaker to en­ Walker, who serves as the distinguished di­ reading decisions. courage other support as well. rector of the Institute of International The primary interest most of us have in Sincerely yours, studies at the University of South carolina, this matter is to see religious freedom re­ CLYDE W. TAYLOR, has produced a scholarly piece of work that stored. It may well be that prayer and Bible Gene1·al Director, National Association is particularly timely in view of the Presi­ reading no longer has a useful place in the of Evangelists. dent's proposed journey to Peking. The public schools if it ever did. But that is not study, we think, is a useful antidote to so the point. To outlaw everything that is many of the journalistic accounts now "religious" we believe 1s wrong if the "free emanating from Mainland China which come exercise" clause of the First Amendment close to exalting the Red Chinese regime. means anything at all. Yet that seems to be THE HUMAN COST OF COMMUNISM (Excerpts from the Walker report follow.) the construction that 1s put upon the Engel IN CHINA On. July 1, 1971, the Chinese ·Communist and Schempp decisions by the courts at all party celebrated half a century of existence. levels. We sincerely believe that corrective These five turbulent decades have been filled action is necessary and overdue. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK with prodigious changes, but also with The drafting of a language for a Prayer OF OHIO weighty tragedy for great numbers of the Amendment 1s very difficult, but we believe inhabitants of the Middle Kingdom. It oan you legislators are capable of refining the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be doubted whether the 12 young revolu­ wording of the currently proposed Amend­ Monday, October 18, 1971 tionary idealists who gathered in a girls' ment if need be. The substance of it reads school in Shanghai in 1921 to set their party as follows: Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, with in motion could have foreseen the impaot "Nothing contained in this constitution the debate on the admission of Red which their actions would have upon China. shall abridge the right of persons lawfully China beginning today in the United One of the 12, Mao Tse-tung, was to occupy assembled, in any public building which iS supported in whole or in part through the Nations, the American public has an the center of !;he stage in the Chinese Com­ expenditure of public funds, to participate in excellent opportunity to judge the degree munist movement for more than 35 years. nondenominational prayer." of responsibility, or lack thereof, of the During the period of protracted conflict The word "nondenominational" seems to various member nations of that interna­ which led the Communists to power, Mao confuse a lot of people and we think it might tional body. While the possible expulsion was, in many respects, the Lenin of China. be deleted altogether without changing the Shortly after accession as chairman of the of the Nationalist Government and the People's Republic of China in 1949, Mao's tntent of the Amendment. If a qualifying "two-China" policy of the U~ited States adjective is considered desirable the word role seemed to take on more of the charac· "corporate" would probably be less contro­ both obscure the basic issue of whether teristics of a Stalin. versial than "nondenominational." The sole the barbarous regime of Red China MAO STALIN PARALLEL issue of the legislation is the exercise of should be brought into the United Na­ This parallel ~th the Stalin era deserves freedom. It is not a question of whether tions, it remains to be seen how many our sober attention. Aspects of it are un­ people should or should not pray, or how nations will accentuate the bloody his­ comfortably precise. There has been the same they pray, but their freedom to pray under tory of the Red leaders against the un­ monumental inhumanity and the same com­ appropriate conditions and circumstances. fortunate Chinese people. While the bar­ mitment to political terror as a means of If enacted the proposed Amendment will barity of Hitler and the Nazis against. the crushing the opposition. There is an aura restore the freedom of persons to pray in of mystery surrounding the activities and public places when and if it 1s appropriate. Jewish people is universally recognized and emphasized, and rightfully so, the whereabouts of the "great supreme com­ It wHlleave absolutely undisturbed the free­ mander"; the cult of personality has at times doms secured by the First Amendment and genocide of Mao and his cohorts is sus­ the entire Bill of Rights. piciously ignored in some circles. reached ridiculous extremes; his whims and It will not promote or inhibit prayer by ~rbitz:ary decisions have made his associwtes The Senate Internal Security Subcom­ tremble and have caused untold suffering anyone. mittee of the Judiciary Committee re­ It will not impose responsibility upon &ny for his people. public official or individual to pray or -not to cently released a timely study by Dr. There has been the intellectual isolation­ pray. Richard L. Walker, an expert on China, ism. of his country, now a great bulwark and It will not require anyone at any time or on the price the Chinese people have paid fortress for the spreading of his truth. And, . place to initi~te or supervise prayer. ·for their "liberation" since the 1949 take­ above all, there has ·been· distrust and sus­ It will not deprive anyone of any rights or over by the Reds. This report, obtainable picion focused against the very· people who privileges he now enjoys. · from the subcommittee free of cha1·ge or could help to gain support for t;he leader and 36604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 and aid the progress of the count ry: the of barbarism and paranoid bloodlust that clally since the "Great Leap Forw&rd" of intellectuals and students. will be a lasting and shameful memory to 1958? There is yet another aspect of the parallel civilized man.... It is my considered judgment, arter fol­ between the Mao and Stalin periods deserv­ "Where I failed miserably and where I lowing Communist China closely for more ing of attention-the treatment of their rule swear by all that is holy that I will not fa.il than two decades, that the cost of progress among the scholars and journalists in the again, was ... [in failing] to see that ..• achieved under Communist rule is too high outside world. to abandon the holy right of man to his own for the conscience of the world to absolve its It is difficult for many to remember the conscience, his own dignity, his right to say perpetrators. In terms of destruction of moral praise heaped upon Stalin in the 1930s, but what he pleases, to speak freely and boldly and cultural values this cost cannot be con­ we are made acutely aware of the fascination for the truth as he sees the truth-and fear­ doned by any rationalization. The high Chi­ with Chairman Mao, through a surfeit of ing no man, whether right or wrong-is no nese Communist party leaders who sit down scholarly and journalistic attention which victory at all ... I knew that writers and at convivial banquets with visiting Ameri­ helps to build his cult and his image as a artists and scientists were intimidated, but cans may be guilty of as great crimes against sort of superman. It is not surprising that I accepted this as a necessity for so­ humanity and their own people as were Hitler Stalin is still a great hero in Communist cialism.... and Stalin and their followers. China. (His picture was prominently dis­ "This I can never accept again-and never On the eve of the final Communist victory played in Peking on Oct. 1, 1970, the 21st an­ again can I accept as a just practice under in China in 1949, Mao Tse-tung paused on niversary of the People's Republic of China.)l socialism that which I know to be unjust.... t he 28th anniversary of the founding of the For more than two decades those few Never again will I remain silent when I can CCP to survey the past and plot the future. voices in the West who attempted to call recognize injustice-regardless of how that The first 28 years had seen the party single­ attention to the realities of Stalin's terror injustice may be wrapped in the dirty linen mindedly, through reverses and successes, were drowned out by the strident chords of of expediency or necessity. Never again will I pursue its one overriding goal-the capture praise sung by the "intellectuals" in the accept the 'clever' rationale, which appears to of state power. outside world who were fascinated with make sense but under scrutiny does not." In his commemorative work On the Peo­ the grandiose experiments in the "land of Howard F a<>t's stateme"lts in 1956 make an ple's Democratic Dictatorship, Mao promised socialism." eloquent point of departure and a warning to continue in the path which had brought Those who called attention to the mass for those who might still be tempted to hold success. He warned that the "people's army, executions or to the facts of slave labor or up double standards-those who are prone people's police, and the people's courts" to the incredible cost of collectivization were to excuse the crimes and terror practiced would be used to defend the dictatorship frequently ridiculed or demeaned; it was as­ against humans in the name of socialism and which was being established and to aid with serted they did not seem to understand that yet are in the forefront in fighting other the completion of the revolution. some sacrifices have to be made for revolu­ injustices. DICTATORSEUP DEFDNED tionary progress. Even the show trials of the NAIVE SCHOLARS In this work Mao defined "the people" who great purges were pronounced as signs of Fast also centered in on some of the very growing democracy. were to be exercising the dictatorship as con­ items which tend to set humans apart from sisting of four classes: the peasants, the pro­ Such myopia seems almost incredible to us other living creatures-the independence of letariat, the national bourgeoisie, and the today in the wake of subsequent revelations the human intellect, the striving for freedom, petite bourgeoisie--all under the leadership from the USSR itself, the outpourings of and the standards of decency and individu­ of the "working class and the Communist works like those of Solzhenitsyn, and the ality which dare not be sacrificed. wealth of refugee testimony which became party." All others were, in an Orwellian sense, The China scholars in the West have not "l.mpeople." And he warned that the latter~ available after World War n. yet had the equivalent of a Khrushchev whom he termed "reactionaries," were to But it was the Khrushchev "Secret "Secret Speech" detailing Mao's many crimes have no rights and that if "they speak or act Speech" of February 1956 which really jolted against his fellow Chinese and Communist in an unruly way they will be promptly those who had for decades apologized ritu­ comrades. Perhaps for this reason many still stopped and punished.... " alistically for crimes against humanity in harbor those same sentiments which caused In one of his earliest published works in the Soviet state. The American Stalin Prize the Howard Fasts to ignore Soviet realities in March 1927, Mao had warned: "A revolution winner, Howard Fast, was moved to deep Stalin's time; but surely the accumulated is not a dinner party, or writing an essay, or soul-searching: evidence as well as the example from the painting a picture, or doing embroidery: it "It is a strange and awful document, per­ Soviet experience should give pause. cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, haps without parallel in history; and one For the sake of the Socialist "higher goals" so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and must face the fact that it itemizes a record many of these scholars have been prone to magnanimous.'' excuse massive injustices on the questionable He continued that for the revolution to 1 It is probably not inaccurate to say that assumption that these injustices were only succeed, "To put it bluntly, it is necessary. a great number of China specialists in the temporary. to create terror for a while in every rural West have been almost as instrumental in Since the founding of the People's Republic area. . . ." The leader of the Communist building up the image of Mao the superman of China, not a few American "Chinawatch­ party of China was a good Stalinist who be­ as were the Soviet specialists who analyzed ers" have hastened into print to denounce lieved in the efficacy of terror for the sake Stalin's supposed brilliance in the 1930s. The Chiang Kai-shek's government for this or of the ultimate goal. Stalin-like features of Mao Tse-tung have that injustice, such as the imprisonment of In 1949 the Chinese people were indeed been brilliantly analyzed by Arthur H. Cohen. Lai Chen, the editor of Free China in Sep­ deserving of peace and an opportunity to See Problems of Communism, 15.5 (Sept.­ tember 1960 (the author joined in protesting unify and reconstruct their ravaged coun­ Oct., 1966), pp. 8-16 and 16.2 (Mar.-Apr., what seemed to be a clear case of political try. The more than two decades of Commu­ 1967), pp. 97-9. Cohen clearly has the better persecution). But those same "Chinawatch­ nist power, however, have brought no sur­ logical and academic position in an exchange ers" have turned admiring eyes on the Chi­ cease to struggle, violence, warfare, or mis­ with Stuart R. Schram, a Mao biographer nese Communists and have either remained ery for China. and contributor to the image of the all-wise silent about some of the human costs de­ There have been external wars such as in leader. The Western "analysts" of Chairman scribed in the pages which follow, or have Korea (1950-53), with India (1962), and Mao frequently devote page after page to ex­ rationalized that these are a necessary part along the Soviet borders (1969); there have plorations of the workings of his mind in of some vague "inevitable" Chinese revolu­ been formidable conflicts with areas where such a way as to indicate that he thinks in tion. minority nationalities are situated, particu­ all fields and solidly at least 72 hours per day. With good reason the People's Republic of larly in Tibet where hostilities assumed ma­ The frequent visitor to Communist China China (PRC) has been called "the largest jor proportions in 1959 and have continued and a semi-official biographer of Mao, Edgar enterprise in the history of mankind." The sporadically since; there have been the Snow, has through his writings and reporting problems of adjusting the world's longest struggles waged in the wake of the Cultural been probably the chief contributor to the lived, richest and most traditional culture to Revolution, such as that in Kwangsi in the romanticized view of Mao as a humanist rev­ the demands of the age of the computer, summer of 1968 where an estimated 50,000 olutionary concerned about the fate of man­ atomic energy or jet aircraft are indeed un­ were killed in the city of Wuchow alone. kind. Snow hardly deigns to mention the precedented for any regime. These, too, are But perhaps even more tragic has been the almost constant persecution of creative in­ factors that have weighed heavily in the pattern of rule which Mao and his fellow tellectuals by a Mao who has been grasped minds of intellectual sympathizers. Communists have used to bring about politi­ up into the cortex of his own infallibility. Further, there is the factor of the guilt cal control of the Chinese people and the de- As Cohen has noted in the second of the complex of the Western world toward China velopment of power for the Chinese state. pieces cited: "Most totalitarian rulers (in­ because of the period of imperialism in Since 1949 China has been subjected to a cluding Hitler, Stalin and Mao) have justi­ China. This has tended to make many West­ pattern of wave after wave of mass cam­ fied their actions-to others, and no doubt ern observers more inclined to suspend judg­ paigns breaking upon the countryside and to themselves-in terms of some greater good ment of the Chinese Communists and to only gradually receding. which their actions would supposedly bring hold to those double standards which for so The naming of some of these campaigns is to their subjects. What Mao shares with long blinded the outside world to the reali­ enough to evoke apprehension among ref­ Hitler, however, is the frank and explicit ties or the Soviet system. And yet, can the ugees in Hong Kong, where a minimum of rejection of 'humanism' as a motive or goal world ignore the monumental human cost of . two million Chinese have moved to escape for his policies." Mao's China or its Stalinoid features, espe- from Chinese Communist rule. October 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36605 There was the Agrarian Reform of 1949- cruelty. It is mercy. We are protecting the The sound shrilly pierced through the 52 which brought about the execution of sev­ lives of the people whom they harm." thick, moist atmosphere enveloping Hulling eral million landlords. The last question was put: "Comrades, are hsiang. Sights of relief were heaved as justice Then came the campaign against counter­ they right or are we right?" was meted out to the convicted. revolutionaries of 1951-52 during the first 12 And the last answer: "We are right," "Down with the reactionary landlords!" months of which it was estimated that one started the cheering for the mayor and Mao "Long live the emancipation of the peas- and one-half million were executed. Tse-tung. ants!" The three-anti and five-anti campaigns of The mayor concluded: "We are here rep· "Long live the Communist party!" 1951-53 purged the business, finance and in­ resenting the people. It is our duty to do the "Long live Chairman Mao Tse-tung !" dustrial circles with executions and a wave will of the people. We suppress the anti­ The masses, for the first time freed from of suicides. All of these were linked to bandit revolutionaries. This act we perform accord­ their dread and restraints, let out these slo­ suppression campaigns from 1949 to 1956. ing to the law. Those who have to be killed, gans with a voice stronger than ever. In connection with the purge of Kao Kang we kill. In cases where we could kill or not, The third account of the mass executions and Jao Shushih in 1955, Mao launched yet we do not kill. But when it has to be killing, which have characterized Communist rule is another campaign against "hidden counter­ we kill .... Now you all wan t them to be of pa,rticular significance because it was revolutionaries" in 1955. Following this, he suppressed. Tomorrow the court will pro­ written by one of the leaders who initially moved on yet another front with a drive for nounce the judgment and they will be ex­ participated in Mao's coalition government collectivization of the peasants in "agricul­ ecuted." (Jen Min Daily, March 25, 1951.) and after several years escaped to Hong tural producers' cooperatives" which he de­ The next day a big meeting was held out­ Kong. manded be completed by the end of the side the city walls (although it is not clear The gates of the Public Security opened, First Stalin-type Five-Year Plan (1953-57). who were present) and the executions took and out came a police truck with about 20 It was at the end of this period that he fi­ place and were broadcast over the radio. policemen standing on it, guns in hand, fol­ nally persuaded the intellectuals and others (Jen Min Daily, April3.) lowed by 20-odd trucks, carrying prisoners who had joined in the united front of 1949 TRIAL OF "LANDLORDS" and four police guards each. The trucks went slowly past our hostel, and I saw that every to speak up and voice criticisms in the spring The second example comes from an official of 1957. Their vehemence against the Com­ prisoner had been stripped to his pants and munist party and Mao•s leadership resulted Chinese Communist book distributed in Eng­ had his wrists tied behind his back. They in an anti-rightist campaign which terror­ lish to the outside world in 1951. It is were crouching on the trucks, still and life­ ized China during the ninth and tenth years Peking's version of one of the trials of the less, and, at first glance, gave one the impres­ of Communist rule, and fused into the "Great "landlords" whom Mao had decreed should sion of so many pigs going to slaughter. The be eliminated as a class. The executions of Leap" of 1958-1959. loudspeakers began to boom, "Shoot the many innocents in the countryside were also counterrevolutionaries" and the crowd PUBLIC EXECUTIONS accomplished through mass meetings and shouted and clapped. All around me, people Millions were executed in the immediate demonstrations. With raised fists, the audience below were calmly chatting and laughing. After the post-power seizure period in Communist trucks went by, the huge crowd closed in China. Many of the executions took place shouted in one voice, "Down with reaction­ ary landords!" "We demand that Peng Ehru­ after them and followed them to the execu­ after mass public trials, in which the as­ tion ground. sembled crowds, whipped up to a frenzy by hu be shot!" That day, more than 400 so-called coun­ planted agitators, called invariably for the The masses again shouted In unison. death penalty and for no mercy for the ac- "Down with criminal landlords who hide and terrevolutionaries were shot. I did not go to disperse their properties!" "Long live the the execution ground, but I was told that the cused. place was packed, and that after each execu­ The first example below is of public trials unity of the peasants!" It had started raining. But the tense tion, the crowd, under direction, applauded. which took place in Peking (as, indeed, in That night, I borrowed a copy of Dickens' all major cities in Mainland China) during atmosphere did not in any way lessen ... By four o'clock over 20 peasants had A Tale of Two Cities from another member of the spring of 1951. It is taken from the the Mission who happened to be a writer. As China Missionary Bulletin, a Hong ~ong poured out their grievances from the plat­ form. Mass sentiment had surged to the I read, I could understand why it was pos­ monthly of May 1951 and quotes extensively sible for the French to derive pleasure from from the' official Chinese Communist sources: balling point. Over and above there was a curious hush of expectancy. Not one person killing. They hated the French aristocracy. MASS :MURDERS IN PEKING left or took shelter in spite of the terrific But what I had seen that day was different. The bloody terrorism erupted in Peking downpour. The masses had no quarrel with those who on March 24 and 25, and was imitated im­ (Then the people's tribunal met to delib­ were executed, yet they shouted and ap­ mediately by other large cities. A terrifying erate.) plauded the government-sponsored massacre. mass display was staged on the 24th of "Peasant comrades!" The judge's voice I think in their hearts they must have been March under the slumbering trees of the was grave. "We have just heard some of the frightened. Central Park iri Peking. According to the accusations made by lOCal peasants. From During this early period Mao and his col· Communist report, more than 5,000 people these accusations, it ought to be clear to leagues made no effort to c•.:mceal the violent were present, representatives of political par­ everyone how the landlord class has always course being followed. On the contrary, the ties, of factories, commercial firms, religions, worked hand In glove with the enemy of the most gruesome and detailed accounts were schools, etc. The band of "anti-revolution­ peasants--whether it was Japanese imperial­ printed in the Communist press and broad­ aries." those to be executed, were led to the ism or the KMT [Kuolnlntang)-to oppress cast over the official radio for the purpose meeting to be charged publicly. Thus the the peasants themselves. The same motive of amplifying the condition af mass terror typical K'ung su hui, so widespread in the has prompted them to act as fawning lackeys the trials were clearly intended to induce. countryside, appeared in a slightly different to American imperialism, since American im­ GREAT LEAP FORWARD guise in the large cities. perialism is directly opposite to the people's The second decade of Chinese Communist Here, instead of accusations arising from interests too. rule began in the midst of the "Great Leap the masses, they were made by the mayor of "Our verdicts on the three criminal land­ Forward." This mobilized tens of millions of Peking and the various department heads of lords a.re as follows: ... Pen Yintlng, age 49, the Chinese to smelt iron in primitive and the city government. With each speech the native of Hsinlu Village, has caused the ineffective backyard furnaces (a testament bitter hatred was blown more white hot. In deaths of patriotic youths during the Resis· of the Chairman's ignorance of the modern all. the meeting lasted five hours. At the tance War. After liberation he organized end the mayor of Peking, P'ang Cheu, again scientific world) and sought to push the Chi­ superstitious societies and spread rumors to nese peasants into communal-type militar­ stood before the emotionally worked-up au­ delude the public. Also he has hidden fire­ dience and in a dramatic speech asked them ized living replete with, in some cases, sepa­ arms with the intent to plan for an uprising. ration of sexes and families, communal din­ to pass sentence: "Comrades, what should The sentence for him is-death. Do you all we do with all these criminals, bandits, secret ing halls, and abandonment of all personal agree? and family items. agents, evil landlords, heads of reactionary The sound of applause that came from be­ The human cost of this grandiose Maoist Taoist sect organizers?" low the platform was deafening. . • • scheme in terms of wasted energy and re­ The crowd unanllnously roared "Shoot With one arm sheltering his tear-stained sources, suffering and death can probably them!" face, Pen Yln-ting was hurried along. . • • never be reckoned. Not surprisingly, even The mayor continued: "Should we have When Grandma Li, with her bony fist this found apologists in the West, including mercy on them?" clenched, edged her way through the crowds Edgar Snow, who claimed that the move­ "No mercy!" the crowd shouted back. and tried to hit him on the shoulder, the ment was spontaneous and voluntary on the The mayor commented: "Truly, no mercy guards immediately stopped her. A cordon part of the Chinese peasantry and people and for them. If we would pardon them, that was quickly formed by them aa-ound the that it was a success in terms of teaching would be a sin on the part of the govern• prisoners as more blows were about to show­ modernization as well as productivity. ment." er from all directions...• In 1965-66 Mao launched yet another great The next question was: "Is it cruelty to The prisoners were escorted to the grave­ campaign, the Great Proletarian Cultural execute all these criminals?" yard south of the temple. From the back of Revolution, which lasted until 1969. This, The answer came back: "It is not cruelty!" the graveyard came the sound of several too, brought in its wake executions, purges The mayor commented: "Truly it is not shots. and terror. 36606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1971 This brief recounting of the Maoist "rule formal 77 regulations-worked out with the by drives" is enough to make one marvel at aid of Soviet "experts" sent by Stalin-were Range of estimates the resilience of the Chinese people. Already not drawn up until June 27, 1952 and not in 1959 there were estimates that the first officially promulgated until Aug. 26, 1954. 6. Korean war______500, 000 1, 234,000 decade of the People's Republic of China During the early years Peking talked quite 7. The "Great Leap Forward" had brought the extermination of 30 mil­ openly about this system, which it was con­ and the Communes______1, 000,000 2, 000,000 8. Struggles with minority nation- lion people. The additional cost in casualties fident would help to remold the class char­ 500 000 1, 000,000 and suffering since the Great Leap Forward acter of those former enemies whom it hoped 9. Th~li~!G;e!~~~~~t~rT~~eb-uituraf ' and the Cultural Revolution have yet to to "save." Revolution" and its after- math ______250,000 500, 000 b e measured. On the score of forced labor, as with cas­ 10. Deaths in forced tabor camps The table above offers in extremely rough ualties, figures are im:r-recise. The United Na­ and frontier development_ ___ 15,000,000 25,000,000 f orm, possible p aramet ers of the estimates tions' report of 1955 listed some 20 to 25 ------of the direct cost in human lives occasioned million in regular labor camps and another TotaL ______34,300,000 63,784,000 by the movement which Mao and 11 others 12.5 million in corrective labor camps. One started in 1921 to "liberate" the Chinese scholar in the West estimated the number at people. It is entirely possible that a rea­ about 14 million in 1954. THE NATIONAL INTEREST IN sonable estimate would be that the figure It is probable that the Chinese forced ALASKA approaches 50 million Chinese-also mem­ labor camps have exacted a higher toll in bers of the human race. human life than the mass executions-as The question which must concern us also Robert Conquest has shown to be demon­ is not whether this or that figure is exag­ strably the case in the Soviet Union. HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS gerated, but the extent to which mass un­ Food supplies and the precarious nature OF CALIFORNIA structured killings have been and continue of life in China anyway hardly offered hope IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to be a part of the mode of rule in Com­ for decent treatment for slave laborers. Re­ munist China. porters who visited the Chinese mainland Monday, October 18, 1971 What sort of rule is this which occasions from the United States in the spring and Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow the execution of untold numbers of young summer of 1971 and were entertained at the House considers H.R. 10367, the people, such as those whose bodies floated sumptuous banquets by an affable Chou­ into Hong Kong in 1968 and again in 1970? En-lai were hardly likely to raise the im­ Alaska Native land claims bill, which will Where is the consistency of apologists who polite question of slave labor or the ar­ settle the long-standing land claims of maintain that the rule of Mao has brought bitrary movement of personnel to forced the Eskimo, Indian, and Aleut peoples, new spirit to China, and then argue about labor brigades. But escapees give an almost and assure them the means to preserve the disfigured, tortured and bound bodies constant stream of gruesome details about their way of life and to participate fully floating into Hong Kong, that the Chinese the system, for those who are inclined to in the economy of Alaska. have always been that way? listen. One point should be made clear here It is worth remembering that at the very There is general agreement that in our moment in June 1971, when reporters were at the outset. I cannot--and will not­ quest for peace and security we must, per­ support any bill or amendment which I commenting on Mao Tse-tung's creation of force, deal with the Chinese CommUnists. the new Chinese man (see, for example, Sey­ But in doing so, it is important that we not deem patronizing or paternalistic to the mour Topping's dispatches in the New York allow a temporary tactic or a Chou-En-lai needs and lives of any group of citizens. Times), troops of the People's Liberation smile to obscure our understanding that I wholeheartedly support, and have co­ Army were machine-gunning scores of their the top leaders of the Chinese Communist sponsored, legislation which I believe is fellow Chinese who were attempting to party remain committed to their faith and in the best stated interests of the Alaskan escape to Hong Kong from Mao's new para­ to their past record. dise. Native peoples. Many of the youth drowned in the at­ In a dinner party with American corre­ However, I also would be troubled if I tempt, and others--the few-who made it spondents in Peking on June 21, 1971, Chou felt that I was supporting legislation­ told st ories which were reported in the argued that the American protective shield and thus, directly, national policy-­ Hong Kong press, but were omitted in the should be withdrawn from Taiwan so that which eased the way for growing and euphoria that surrounded the first American the Taiwan problem could be solved as a strictly internal manner. He assured his continuing exploitation of persons and direct access to Communist China for jour­ natural resources by purely private in­ nalists and a few specialists in more than guests that no revenge would be inflicted on two decades. The number of casualties oc­ the mainlanders in Taiwan who would be terests. Time and time again, the oil casioned by attempts to :flee China, though permitted to return to their homes, and he companies, the coal companies, and other not included in the preceding table, cannot was quoted as saying, "Far from exacting assorted "resource developers" appear be considered insignificant. revenge on them, we will reward them." before us to say how well they are doing The correspondent of the BaLtimore Sun Such words sound convincing to those for the national interest, while unseen to reported from Hong Kong on Sept. 19, 1970, Americans who are anxious to disengage from us at the same time, they maim, gorge, that yet a new wave of public executions and responsibilities in the western Pacific and and despoil irreplaceable national assets. show trials was in progress again in Mainland who have short memories. But these were China. There were a few futile signs of re­ just the terms which Chou-En-lai and Mao I am sure the bill's basic objective of sistance to the high cost that the Chinese Tse-tung promised to the former National­ justice for Alaska's Natives will not be people were paying for Communist rule. ists and third-party intellectuals who joined attacked by any Member of this body. One of the most interesting was the arrival the Communists on their accession to power But, in realizing this long overdue goal, in Hong Kong in the spring of 1970 of some in 1949; yet they were among the first we should not overlook implications of bamboo :flutes for sale in the British Crown victims who are now statistics in the sober­ this bill, which determine patterns of Colony. The workmen who made the :flutes ing table of casualties given here. landownership and use of millions of in Kweichow had carved some traditional These, too, were the terms which Mao acres of public lands. These millions of verses in classical ca111graphy on them. As offered in the "Hundred Flowers" period of Stanley Karnow noted, the :flutes re:flect "the 1957; yet in the anti-rightist campaign acres contain areas of the utmost scenic, feeling of quiet desperation that must grip which followed, a vindictive revenge was wildlife, and recreational importance to sensitive, educated Chinese striving to sur­ exacted. the people of this country. They repre­ vive amid the turmoil convulsing Commun­ Would this same Chinese Communist lead­ sent a priceless national treasure. So we ist China." One of the poems reflected a re­ ership whose record has been detailetl above must be certain, as we resolve claims of action to Communist violence and terror: be likely to behave in any different manner the Alaska Natives that we do not at "That I was born into this world is too once they had, by their current soft line, won the same time jeopardize the future of foolish. the very concession from the United States "Turning my head towards my mother­ which they have sought for two decades by the remaining public lands. land, I am overcome with grief and despair, a hard line? For H.R. 10367 does not just settle the "I came to this world to create but am claims of our Native Americans. It also stifled. CASUALTIES TO COMMUNISM IN CHINA contains procedures governing the re­ "I seek to become a monk and cannot. maining 78 million more acres of land to "Who can see my silent weeping in the Range of estimates dar kness?" be selected by the State of Alaska, and surely one of the high human costs which the millions more acres of our public 1. First Civil War (1927-36)______250,000 500,000 the Chinese people have paid for rule by 2 lands to be disposed of under classitlca­ the Communist party has been the system of • Fi~~irnM~~~\~~~~~~~~~~~~ -- 50,000 50,000 tions by the Secretary of the Interior. "Reform Through Labor Service,.. a euphe­ 3. Second Civil War (1945--49)_____ 1, 250,000 1, 250,000 mism for forced labor or slave labor. This has 4. Land reform prior to "Libera- Unfortunately, the bill sets up a sys­ tion"------500,000 1,000,000 been a part of the Chinese Communist po­ 5. Political Liquidation Campaigns tem of priorities that places the Native litical system from the outset, though the (1949-58) ______15,000,000 30,000,000 and the national interest behind the in- Uctober 18, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36607 terests o! the State of Alaska and the cally asks the Natives to step aside while that the national interest is protected private developers. Native interests have the best lands are selected. and not preempted by a State adminis­ been ignored by the State in the past as An amendment was introduced in full tration that has not hesitated in the past shown by the manner in which the State committee that would have given the to use its power of selection to block na. selected the oil-rich lands on the North Natives first priority to their 40 million tiona! interest in a potential national Slope of Alaska and other lands near vil­ acres. This amendment failed, regret­ park. My colleagues, Mr. UDALL and Mr. lages elsewhere in Alaska; Native claims tably, by a vote of 26 to 10. SAYLOR, will describe these areas of criti~ to the same land were simply not con­ There is another important interest cal national importance that are with­ sidered. On conservation matters, the not even recognized by H.R. 10367. This drawn by this act and which the Secre­ present State administration has com­ is the national interest in new national tary of Interior can be expected to desig­ piled a record of complete opposition to parks, wildlife refuges, and wild and nate as study areas within .5 years. new State and national parks, and to scenic rivers. While the Secretary of the After State selections have been com­ wilderness classifications for existing na- Interior is authorized by the measure to pleted, in 1983, the 11 Native regional tional parks and refuges. · classify the unreserved public lands for corporations are authorized by this bill Private interests, including most nota­ private use and disposal, the Secretary is to select an additional 22 million acres bly oil and gas interests, have worked not directed to identify those portions from unreserved public land. If by that hand in hand with a State administra­ of Alaska public lands he may find suit­ late date any of the national interest tion dedicated to the rapid and com­ able for inclusion in national park, na­ study areas still exist-that is if Con­ pletely unplanned disposal of millions of tional wildlife refuge, and national wild gress has not acted on the Secretary's acres of State-selected lands into private river systems. This oversight must be cor­ recommendations-and a Native re­ ownership. Private developers, moreover, rected, and that is why I have joined the gional corporation selects lands within have benefited from a Federal classifica­ gentleman from Arizona

SENATE·-Tuesday, October 19, 1971

The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was For everyone that asketh_ receiveth; Pollution Control. Act, as amended for 1 called to order by the President pro tem­ and he that seeketh fl,ndeth; and to him month. pore (Mr. ELLENDER). that knocketh it shall be opened. On October 14, 1971: And so, may Thy blessings and help be S. 47. An act for the relief of Flore Lekanof· PRAYER always with this chosen group of men S. 617. An act for the relief of Siu-Kei: and women, for the safety, honor, and Fong; The Reverend Charles Lewis Yates, S 1489. An act for the relief of Park Jung welfare of Thy church, that all things Ok; and pastor, the Marshall Circuit, Wheeling, may be so ordered. and settled by their W.Va., offered the following prayer: S. 1759. An act for the relief of Leonarda endeavors, upon the best and surest Buenaventura Ocariza and her daughter Our heavenly and loving Father, an­ foundations that peace and happiness Lucila B. Ocariza. ' other day, and we come to Thee, for truth and justice, religion and piety may On October 15, 1971: guidance and direction, in this world­ be established among us for all S. 646. An act to amend title 17 of the wide known Senate Chamber, and so generations. United States Code to provide for the crea­ tion of a limited copyright in sound record­ bumble ourselves, under Thy mighty These and all other necessities, for ings for the purpose of protecting against hand, that we may exalt You. them and for us, and Thy whole church unauthorized duplication and piracy of sound We desire to be sober, vigilant, because we humbly pray in the name and medita~ recording, and for other purposes; and the Devil as a roaring lion, walketh about, tion of Jesus Christ, our blessed Lord S. 932. An act to amend title 13, United seeking whom he may devour. and Saviour, in whom we put our trust States Code, to provide for a revision in the Bless our President, Richard Nixon, and faith, from this time forth and cotton ginning report dates. and those in leadership and trust, of our forever more. Amen. Nation, and in all nations that they may seek the same in constant prayer with EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED You, not relying on themselves but fol­ MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT­ lowing Thy divine leadership as Thou has APPROVAL OF BTI..LS As in executive session, the President promised to give when we come to Thee. Messages in writing from the President pro tempore laid before the Senate mes­ In this great America, may we always of the United States were communicated sages from the President of the United be reminded by Thy loving words, found to the Senate by Mr. Let:>nard, one of his States submitting sunery nominations in the Gospel of Matthew, the seventh secretaries, and he announced that the which were referred to the appropriat~ chapter the seventh and eighth verses: President had approved and signed the committees. Ask, and it shall be given you; following acts: