What Works for Roma Inclusion in the EU

DOI:10.2838/58806 DS-32-12-039-EN-C This document intends to support the work of policymakers in implementing National Roma Integration Strategies and in planning and developing policy plans and projects whilst also providing support to public and private organisations working with Roma by: • Describing the most frequent types of situations of exclusion experienced by Roma living in the European Union (EU) according to their respective geographical, economic and social contexts; • Explaining how common basic principles and priority actions have to be adapted to these different contexts and circumstances; Policies and model approaches • Proposing policy options, including strategies, approaches and priorities that can be followed on the basis of these situations of exclusion; in the EU: •Connecting these policy options with the current EU framework, including legal, policy and financial instruments. r Roma inclusion fo What works What works forRoma inclusion in the EU Policies and model approaches Justice European Commission What works forRoma inclusion in the EU - policies and model approaches Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission may be held responsible 2012 – 72 pp. – 21x29.7cm for the use that may be made of the information contained in this publication. This publication was drafted and researched by José Manuel Fresno in December 2011 with the support ISBN-13 978-92-79-23050-9 of Andreas Tsolakis, Camelia Teodorescu and Robert Rode. Original title: Tackling the most frequent socio- doi:10.2838/58806 economic situations of Roma, Possible Model Approaches. This publication is available from the European Commission Roma portal at: http://ec.europa.eu/roma Pictures copyrights: European Union - Reporters ; except page 48 and picture with flags on the cover: Detlev Boeing. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2012 ISBN-13 978-92-79-23050-9 doi:10.2838/58806 © European Union, 2012 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Luxembourg Printed on elemental chlorine-free bleached paper (ECF) 1 WhatWorks forroma inclusion in the eu: policies and model approaches Table of contents List of abbreviations and acronyms �� 3 Rationale �� 4 1. Most frequent Roma living circumstances �� 7 1.1. Roma communities living in integrated urban and suburban neighbourhoods �� 8 Description �� 8 Dynamics and trends �� 9 Frequency - Countries �� 10 1.2. Roma communities living in segregated urban and suburban neighbourhoods �� 10 Description �� 10 Dynamics and trends �� 10 Frequency – Countries �� 11 1.3. Roma communities living in segregated rural settlements �� 11 Description �� 11 Dynamics and trends �� 12 Frequency - Countries �� 13 1.4. Roma migrants and Roma EU nationals moving within the EU-15 Member States �� 13 Description �� 13 Dynamics and trends �� 14 Frequency - Countries �� 14 1.5. Roma travellers and (semi-) mobile lifestyles �� 14 Description �� 14 Dynamics and trends �� 15 Frequency - Countries �� 15 2. Adapting principles to different circumstances �� 16 2.1. Areas, principles and action criteria �� 16 The dimensions of Roma integration �� 16 The four priority areas �� 17 The ten common basic principles �� 18 2.2. Adapting principles to the diversity of Roma living circumstances �� 19 3. Model approaches: Challenges, options and strategies according to the types of circumstances �� 22 3.1. Possible model approaches for Roma communities living in integrated urban and suburban neighbourhoods �� 22 Key policy challenges �� 22 Policy options to follow �� 23 Practices that have demonstrated negative consequences �� 26 Specific strategies, priority actions, useful recommendations �� 26 3.2. Possible model approaches for Roma communities living in segregated urban and suburban neighbourhoods �� 28 Key policy challenges �� 28 Possible options to follow �� 28 Practices that have demonstrated negative consequences �� 32 Specific strategies, priority actions, useful recommendations �� 33 3.3. Possible model approaches for Roma communities living in segregated rural settlements �� 35 Key policy challenges �� 35 Possible options to follow �� 35 Practices that have demonstrated negative consequences �� 39 Specific strategies, priority actions, useful recommendations �� 39 3.4. Possible model approaches for Roma migrants and Roma EU nationals moving within the EU-15 Member States �� 40 Key policy challenges �� 40 Possible options to follow �� 41 Practices that have demonstrated negative consequences �� 44 Specific strategies, priority actions, useful recommendations �� 44 3.5. Possible model approaches for travellers and (semi-mobile Roma) �� 45 Key policy challenges �� 45 Options to follow �� 45 Strategies that have demonstrated negative consequences �� 46 Specific strategies, priority actions, useful recommendations �� 46 4. Connecting models with EU instruments and policies �� 48 4.1. Legal instruments �� 48 4.2. Policy instruments �� 50 4.3. Financial instruments �� 51 5. Annexes

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