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Biocontrole De Doenças De Plantas

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Biocontrole De Doenças De Plantas Biocontrole de Doenças de Plantas: República Federativa do Brasil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Presidente da República Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento Reinhold Stephanes Ministro Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Conselho de Administração José Gerardo Fontelles Presidente Pedro Antonio Arraes Pereira Vice-Presidente Murilo Francisco Barella Derli Dossa Antonio Salazar Pessoa Brandão Aloisio Lopes Pereira de Melo Membros Diretoria-Executiva Pedro Antonio Arraes Pereira Diretor-Presidente José Geraldo Eugênio de França Kepler Euclides Filho Tatiana Deane de Abreu Sá Diretores-Executivos Secretaria de Gestão e Estratégia Luiz Gomes de Souza Chefe Embrapa Meio Ambiente Celso Vainer Manzatto Chefe-Geral Adriana Marlene Moreno Pires Chefe-Adjunto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Heloisa Ferreira Filizola Chefe-Adjunto de Comunicação e Negócios Emerson José Lourenço Chefe-Adjunto de Administração Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Embrapa Meio Ambiente Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento Biocontrole de Doenças de Plantas: Uso e Perspectivas Editores Técnicos Wagner Bettiol Marcelo A. B. Morandi Embrapa Meio Ambiente Jaguariúna, SP 2009 Exemplares dessa publicação podem ser solicitados à: Embrapa Meio Ambiente Rodovia SP 340 - km 127,5 - Tanquinho Velho Caixa Postal 69 13820-000, Jaguariúna, SP Fone: (19) 3311-2600 Fax: (19) 3311-2740 [email protected] www.cnpma.embrapa.br Comitê de Publicação da Unidade Presidente: Ariovaldo Luchiari Júnior Secretário-Executivo: Luiz Antonio Silveira Melo Bibliotecária: Maria Amélia de Toledo Leme Membros: Heloisa Ferreira Filizola, Ladislau Araújo Skorupa, Cláudio Martin Jonsson, Lauro Charlet Pereira, Adriana Marlene Moreno Pires, Emília Hamada e Nilce Chaves Gattaz Normalização Bibliográfica: Maria Amélia de Toledo Leme Editoração Eletrônica: Quebra-Cabeça - Soluções em Artes Gráficas ([email protected]) Capa: Silvana Cristina Teixeira Estevão 1ª edição (2009) Nota: "Os trabalhos aqui publicados não foram revisados tecnicamente pelo CLP da Embrapa Meio Ambiente, como normalmente se procede para as publicações regulares. Assim sendo, todos os conceitos e opiniões emitidas são de inteira responsabilidade dos autores". Todos os direitos reservados. A reprodução não-autorizada desta publicação, no seu todo ou em parte, constitui violação dos direitos autorais (Lei nº 9.610). Bettiol, Wagner Biocontrole de doenças de plantas: uso e perspectivas / Editado por Wagner Bettiol e Marcelo Augusto Boechat Morandi. -- Jaguariúna : Embrapa Meio Ambiente, 2009. 341 p. ISBN 978-85-85771-48-5 1. Controle biológico. 2. Doenças de plantas. I. Morandi, Marcelo Augusto Boechat. II. Título. 632.96 CDD 21 © Embrapa 2009 Prefácio A IX Reunião Brasileira sobre Controle Biológico de Doenças de Plantas com o tema "Biocontrole de doenças de plantas no Brasil: uso e perspectivas", organizada pela Embrapa Meio Ambiente, foi realizada entre 06 e 09 de novembro de 2007 em Campinas, SP. Palestras sobre impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre o controle biológico, comercialização de agentes de biocontrole, utilização de resíduos orgânicos na indução de supressividade de solo, a situação das indústrias de controle biológico, a utilização de controle biológico para grandes culturas, bactérias como ferramentas para o manejo de doenças e integração de métodos biológicos para o controle de doenças em diversas culturas foram apresentadas por especialistas brasileiros e estrangeiros. Além das palestras, foram apresentados numerosos trabalhos relatando experiências bem sucedidas de uso de agentes de biocontrole no Brasil e no exterior. Essa publicação representa uma seleção das principais palestras e trabalhos apresentados no evento. Adicionalmente foram convidados especialistas em controle biológico da vassoura-de-bruxa, em indução de resistência em plantas por bactérias, controle biológico de plantas daninhas e potencial de óleos essenciais e de extratos vegetais para o controle de fitopatógenos para descreverem sobre as temáticas. Além disso, os editores incluíram um capítulo contendo aspectos sobre a história e a situação do controle biológico de doenças de plantas no Brasil. Didaticamente a publicação está dividida em duas sessões, sendo que a primeira trata de aspectos gerais do controle biológico e a segunda relata casos de sucesso no uso de agentes de biocontrole e sua integração com outros métodos. Um dos objetivos da publicação é apresentar alternativas que colaborem na redução do uso de agrotóxicos por unidade de área, pois esse é um dos grandes problemas da agricultura mundial. Além disso, objetiva também estabelecer um marco da situação do controle biológico de doenças de plantas no Brasil. Esperamos que o livro seja útil para os pesquisadores, professores, agricultores, engenheiros agrônomos e florestais, técnicos agrícolas, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação, legisladores, indústrias de controle biológico e pessoas interessadas no biocontrole. Nós agradecemos a colaboração dos palestrantes e dos convidados que redigiram os capítulos que compõe a publicação, pois a fizeram sem o objetivo financeiro. Agradecemos ainda à Maria Amélia Toledo Leme pela normatização das referências bibliográficas e à Maria Cristina Tordin pela colaboração na revisão da língua portuguesa. Agradecimento especial à Embrapa Meio Ambiente e à Fundag que desde o início da organização do evento sempre colaboraram decisivamente na sua realização. A publicação da obra indica a finalização da organização da IX Reunião Brasileira sobre Controle Biológico de Doenças de Plantas. Wagner Bettiol & Marcelo A. B. Morandi Editores Sumário Sessão 1. Aspectos Gerais Sobre o Biocontrole de Doenças de Plantas Capítulo 1. Controle Biológico de Doenças de Plantas no Brasil Marcelo Augusto Boechat Morandi & Wagner Bettiol .......................................... 7 Capítulo 2. A Indústria no Controle Biológico: Produção e Comercialização de Microrganismos no Brasil Rogério Biaggioni Lopes .......................................................................................... 15 Capítulo 3. Impactos das Mudanças Climáticas sobre o Controle Biológico de Doenças de Plantas Wagner Bettiol & Raquel Ghini ............................................................................... 29 Capítulo 4. Fish Emulsion and Liquid Swine Manure: Model Systems for Development of Organic Amendments as Fertilizers with Disease Suppressive Properties George Lazarovits, Pervaiz A. Abbasi, Kenneth L. Conn, Janet E. Hill & Sean M. Hemmingsen .............................................................................................................. 49 Capítulo 5. Controle Biológico de Fungos Aflatoxigênicos Tiago Domingues Zucchi & Itamar Soares de Melo .............................................. 69 Capítulo 6. Indução de Resistência em Plantas a Patógenos por Eliciadores de Natureza Bacteriana Reginaldo da Silva Romeiro & Flávio A. Oliveira Garcia .................................... 85 Capítulo 7. Controle Biológico de Plantas Daninhas com Fitopatógenos Robert Weingart Barreto ........................................................................................... 101 Capítulo 8. Bioestimulantes e Protetores de Plantas Derivados de Macroalgas Marinhas Viviane Talamini, Roberta Paulert & Marciel Stadnik.......................................... 129 Capítulo 9. Óleos Essenciais no Controle Fitossanitário Lilia Aparecida Salgado de Morais ........................................................................ 139 Sessão 2. Uso de Agentes de Biocontrole e sua Integração com Outros Métodos Capítulo 10. Supressividade de Solo a Meloidogyne por Pasteuria penetrans nos Estados do Maranhão e Santa Catarina Leandro Grassi de Freitas; Guilherme Silva de Podestá; Silamar Ferraz & Marcelo Magalhães Coutinho ................................................................................................ 153 Capítulo 11. Monitoramento de Trichoderma atroviride SC1 em um Vinhedo no Nordeste da Itália: Considerações sobre Impacto Ambiental e Controle Biológico de Armillaria mellea Claudia Maria Oliveira Longa, Federica Savazzini & Ilaria Pertot ..................... 173 Capítulo 12. Supressividade a Fitopatógenos Habitantes do Solo Wagner Bettiol; Raquel Ghini; Rosa R.L. Mariano; Sami J. Michereff; Liliana P. V. Mattos; Indira C. M. Alvarado & Zayame V. Pinto ................................................ 187 Capítulo 13. Resíduos Orgânicos e Solarização para o Controle das Doenças do Feijoeiro Causadas por Sclerotium rolfsii Idalmir dos Santos, Vanessa N. Tomazeli & Rafael G. F. Morales ...................... 209 Capítulo 14. Controle da Podridão de Raiz e Promoção de Crescimento em Hidroponia com Bactérias Élida Barbosa Corrêa & Wagner Bettiol .................................................................. 225 Capítulo 15. Controle Biológico com Trichoderma em Grandes Culturas - Uma Visão Empresarial Alan William Vilela Pomella & Rute Terezinha da Silva Ribeiro ....................... 239 Capítulo 16. Controle Biológico da Vassoura-de-Bruxa do Cacaueiro na Bahia João de Cássia do Bomfim Costa, José Luiz Bezerra, Lindolfo P. Santos Filho, Marcelo de Carvalho Alves & Euvaldo Marques Moura ..................................................... 245 Capítulo 17. Controle Biológico da Ferrugem do Cafeeiro Luiz Antonio Maffia, Fernando Haddad & Eduardo S. G. Mizubuti ................. 267 Capítulo 18. Microrganismos Endofíticos como Agentes de Biocontrole da Ferrugem do Cafeeiro e de Promoção de Crescimento Harllen
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