DOCSLIB.ORG

Jan. 1, 1946 Issue of National Geographic

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jan. 1, 1946 Issue of National Geographic Forest Lookout Bv Erra E. Cranr ((\ 7ES, I was entirely alone, but I was which cover 177,642,000 acres. This means \/ n"u.. lonely . - No, I was never that our national. forest land almost equals I afraid." in area the whole of France plus the State of How many times I have given these replies Washington or Missouri. Yet we, the peo- since September, L943, at the end of my flrst ple, through State and municipal ownership summer in a lookout station of the United as well as Federal, own less than a third of States Forest Servicel That season I had been all the forest land in the United States. The Iocated on a mountain road and could drive balance is privately owned. to my cabin door. After my second summer, But Iest these figures make us complacent though I had lived an hour's climb from a and we continue to deplete what was once road, I could still make the same answers thought to be an inexhaustible resource, let truthfully. us remember these Forest Service statements When the same questions were asked at the concerning all the forests of the country: end of the season of 1945, I had to reply, "I First, only about 100,000,000 of our origi- was never lonely, but I was afraid-or at least nal 850,000,000 acres of saw timber remain. very nervous." Second, "It is estimated that the drain on In fact, some of the paragraphs which fol- forests of the United States in 1944 amounted low were written partly to free myself from to nearly 16 billion cubic feet, and exceeded nervousness, by turning my attention from total growth by 50 percent. fn timber of "the mighty space of air" displayed below saw timber size, drain was almost twice the at annual growth." my windows to the mountains and ravines ((To greater distances. Third, meet the requirements of our people for forest products . growth should Wartime Service in the Wilderness be nearly doubled." You may wonder, as others have, why I, For administrative purposes, the national a woman, should choose to spend three sum- forests are grouped in ten regions, with a mers "roughing it" alone in the wilderness. regional forester in charge of each. Region 6, When I learned in the autumn of. 1942 lhat with headquarters in Portland, includes 19 the United States Forest Service planned to national forests in Washington and Oregon. employ women the following year. I knew Each national forest is administered by a that I had found my wartime service for forest supervisor and his assistants. For summer vacations: I should be a lookout, closer supervision, each forest is subdivided or forest guard, on some mountain peak. into ranger districts, with a forest ranger as I was sure I could adapt myself to the iso- administrator. Thus the Columbia National Iated life and to the outdoor environment Forest, which is about the size of the State with which I had become acquainted through of Delaware and the eighth largest forest in essays of students who had introduced me to Region 6, has five ranger districts. the beauty of the virgin forests of the North- Prevention Paramount Duty west's Cascades, Bitterroots, and Olympics. Fire So in the spring of L943 I wrote letters of A district ranger has supervision over timber application to eleven district rangers, accepted sales in his district; over grazing and other my first offer, and in June drove to the Mount uses of the forest; over building and main- Adams District of the Columbia National tenance of roads, trails, bridges, telephone Forest, in my home State of Washington lines, recreation camps; and over the protec- (Plates I, IV, VII, and pages 75, 91). tion of his part of the forest from fire. In September I returned to my college com- The most important of these duties is the munity and, to my surprise, to a barrage last one, for upon it depend all the others. of questions which are repeated every time Consider these figures: a new acquaintance discovers my experiences. "During 1935-1939 cooperative Federal, But before I begin to answer those ques- State, and private fire control was in effect tions in writing, I want to present, as back- on 260 million acres of State and private land. ground, some facts which I have gleaned from The area burned was held to I percent. One Forest Service publications found in my look- hundred and sixty-three million acres of pri- out stations, facts about the great property vate forest land were without protection, and which you and I and other Americans own- fires burned over 17.8 percent of this area.)' our national forests. To assist the district rangers in their work We, the people, own 152 national forests, of protection, nearly 6,000 forest guards are IJ /o The National Geographic Magazine Student Guards Learn to Operate a Firefinder On its surface is a circuiar map of the area, 'with the lookout station in the center. The rim is calibrated in degrees of the azimuth circle. Spotting smoke, the guard revolves the ring and adjusts the sights until the base of the smoke appears in the cross hairs of the front sight (at elbow). A tape spanning the map measures distances. Fire data are telephoned to the dispatcher a few minutes after spotting. The person on duty in a lookout station is to clear the windows enclosing the station. considered "the eye of the entire fire-fighting The steel rim around the map is engraved organization" of his area. He is expected to to show the 360 degrees of the circle-the discover a fire as soon as possible after it azimuth circle. On a movable steel ring be- originates, to Iocate it accurately and quickly, tween the map and the azimuth circle are to record the data concerning it, and to re- screwed, opposite each other, perpendicular port these data by telephone to the office of pieces known as the front sight and the rear the ranger station. sight. The front sight is equipped with a The lookout, therefore, is directed to have vertical hair and two horizontal hairs, to be his area under general observation all the day- used in determining the horizontal angle and light hours during possibly dangerous fire the vertical angle of a given spot. weather. By so doing he can detect a fire Across the map, between the front sight and when it is small. the rear sight, runs a measuring tape, by He is also directed to give his area a "check which the lookout determines distances. At look" every twenty or thirty minutes; by a the center of my map is my particular lookout check look is meant an intensive scrutiny of station. the observed area, one small sector at a time. The map shows the topography and names Usuaily the schedules for check looks on ad- the principal landmarks (peaks, rivers, creeks, jacent stations are so arranged that a given Forest Service stations) in a radius of twenty sector is under scrutiny most of the daylight miles from my station. It is also a section hours. When a lookout detects a smoke, he frap, and therefore shows the townships, locates it by means of a fireflnder. ranges, and sections of the area covered. When, therefore, f see a smoke, I revolve the How Fires Are Located sight-bearing ring and I adjust the front This instrument has a circular map of a sight until, as I look through the peephole given area screwed to a steel frame. The of the rear sight, the point of intersection of whole equipment rides on a pair, or two pairs, two hairs in the front sight appears to cut of tracks fastened to a rigid stand tall enough through the center of the base of the smoke. Forest Lookout .to Now f am ready read the horizontal The lookout is directed to keep his house, angle on the azimuth circle and the vertical tool shed, and adjacent groundj tidy. We angle the on vertical scale of the rear sight. women have not been expected to d-o some I locate the spot on the map, record these of the tasks usually,done by men lookouts, data and others on a blank prepared for the such as and repairing the stations, purpose, -painting and reach for the telephone. All or working on trails on foggy days, but at this is supposed to be done within three to least one woman unaccustomed to hammer, five minutes after the fire has been spotted! saw, and pliers has found it fun to discovei My report to the fire dispatcher includes what she can do when necessitv arises. the following data: location by local land- And of course housekeeping takes some marks (for ixample, the junction of Agnes time, even for one person, when it includes Creek and Trapper Creek) ; the azimuth, or splitting. kindling, cooking on a wood stove, horizontal, angle; the vertical angle; the dis- baking bread, _ and doing the taundry with tance in miles; the township, range, section, tub and washboard. and subdivision; the direction from which the One learns to be economical with water smoke is drifting; the volume, color, and char- carried up from a spring. With the same acter of the smoke; the approximate size of water f have, in turn, shampooed my hair, the base of the smoke; the time the smoke washed my clothes, scrubbed the woodwork was first sighted. and mopped the floor.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GEOLOGIC MAP of the Mccoy PEAK QUADRANGLE, SOUTHERN CASCADE RANGE, WASHINGTON
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Geologic map of the McCoy Peak quadrangle, southern Cascade Range, Washington by Donald A. Swanson1 Open-File Report 92-336 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 'U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Geological Sciences AJ-20, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................ 1 5. Locations of samples collected in McCoy Peak ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................... 1 {quadrangle ......................... 6 ROCK TERMINOLOGY AND CHEMICAL 6. Alkali-lime classification diagram for Tertiary CLASSIFICATION .................... 2 rocks in McCoy Peak quadrangle .......... 7 GENERAL GEOLOGY .................... 6 7. Plot of FeO*/MgO vs. SiO2 for rocks from TERTIARY ROCKS OLDER THAN INTRUSIVE McCoy Peak quadrangle ................ 7 SUITE OF KIDD CREEK ............... 7 8. Plot of total alkalis vs. SiO2 for rocks in McCoy Volcaniclastic rocks ................... 7 Peak quadrangle ..................... 8 Chaotic volcanic breccia ................ 8 9. Plot of K2O vs. SiO2 for rocks from McCoy Vitroclastic dacite and andesite breccia ...... 9 Peak quadrangle ..................... 8 Volcanic centers ...................... 10 10. Distrbution of pyroxene andesite and basaltic Regional dike swarm .................. 11 andesite dikes in French Butte, Greenhorn Age .............................. 13 Buttes, Tower Rock, and McCoy Peak INTRUSIVE SUITE OF KIDD CREEK ......... 13 quadrangles ........................ 12 Dikes ............................. 14 11. Rose diagrams of strikes of dikes and beds in Sills .............................. 16 McCoy Peak and other quadrangles ....... 13 Relation of dikes and sills ............... 16 12. Plcts of TiO2, FeO*, and MnO vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Roadless Rule and Dark Divide the Dark Divide Was Once Much Larger Than Its Current 76,000 Acres
    Exploring the PRING S RA Dark Divide I Despite its intimidating name, the Dark Divide is a place of sunny ridges and tremendous wildflower meadows. The region is endangered, however, by threats from off-road vehicle use. Southwest Washington’s threatened gem By Andrew Engelson soils and meadows. The region was A thick layer of ash from the 1980 excluded from the protections of the eruption of Mount St. Helens is still Don’t be afraid of the Dark Divide. 1984 Washington Wilderness Bill. prominent. Even with a somewhat ominous But hikers are slowly reclaiming the The region is home to a variety of name, this spectacular roadless area ridges with their boots. And there are forest ecosystems, all dependent on between Mount St. Helens and Mt. many reasons to go: unique geology, wildfires. Huge wildfires in the early Adams is actually filled with light: sun- abundant wildflowers and wildlife, 1900s left many of the open meadows baked ridges, subalpine forests, and and superb views. and silver-gray snags you’ll find there meadows exploding with wildflowers. The lava flows that are the founda- today. Even so, the region is home to Named for the 19th century miner tion of the 76,000-acre region are huge trees. Just outside the Dark and settler John Dark, the Dark approximately 20 to 25 million years Divide roadless area, you can find the Divide long served as hunting and old. Areas such as Juniper and world’s largest noble fir, near gathering grounds for American Langille Ridge were actually once Yellowjacket Creek.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and Vicinity, California by Michael A
    Geologic Map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and Vicinity, California By Michael A. Clynne and L.J. Patrick Muffler Pamphlet to accompany Scientific Investigations Map 2899 Lassen Peak and the Devastated Area Aerial view of Lassen Peak and the proximal Devastated Area looking south. Area with sparse trees marks the paths of the avalanche and debris-flow deposits of May 19–20, 1915 (unitsw9 ) and the pyroclastic-flow and fluid debris-flow deposits of May 22, 1915 (unit pw2) (Clynne and others, 1999; Christiansen and others, 2002). Small dark crags just to right of the summit are remnants of the May 19–20, 1915, lava flow (unitd9 ). The composite dacite dome of Lassen Peak (unit dl, 27±1 ka) dominates the upper part of the view. Lithic pyroclastic-flow deposit (unitpfl ) from partial collapse of the dome of Lassen Peak is exposed in the canyon of the headwaters of Lost Creek in center of view. Ridges flanking central area are glacial moraines (unitQta ) thinly covered by deposits of the 1915 eruption of Lassen Peak (Christiansen and others, 2002). Small permanent snowfield is seen on the left lower slope of Lassen Peak. Area east of the snowfield is the rhyodacite lava flow of Kings Creek (unitrk , 35±1 ka, part of the Eagle Peak sequence). Dacite domes of Bumpass Mountain (unit db, 232±8 ka), Crescent Crater (unit dc, 236±1 ka), hill 8283 (unit d82, 261±5 ka), and Loomis Peak (unit rlm, ~300 ka) are part of the Bumpass sequence. Photograph by Michael A. Clynne. 2010 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Magmatic Sulfides and Mafic Alkaline Magmas in The
    JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY VOLUME 38 NUMBER 12 PAGES 1679±1690 1997 The Role of Magmatic Sul®des and Ma®c Alkaline Magmas in the Bingham and Tintic Mining Districts, Utah J. D. KEITH1*, J. A. WHITNEY2, K. HATTORI3, G. H. BALLANTYNE4, E. H. CHRISTIANSEN1, D. L. BARR1², T. M. CANNAN2 AND C. J. HOOK2 1GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT, BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY, PROVO, UT 84602, USA 2GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, ATHENS, GA 30602, USA 3OTTAWA±CARLETON GEOSCIENCE CENTRE, AND DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA, OTTAWA, ONT., CANADA, K1N 6N5 4KENNECOTT UTAH COPPER, BINGHAM CANYON, UT 84006, USA RECEIVED JANUARY 1997; ACCEPTED AUGUST 1997 This paper reports the existence of abundant magmatic sul®des in INTRODUCTION latite lava vitrophyres and vent-facies dikes from the Bingham and The eruption of sulfur-rich magmas from El Chichon Tintic districts in central Utah. These dikes and ¯ows appear to (Luhr et al., 1984) and Mt Pinatubo (Westrich & Gerlach, be comagmatic with the ore-related monzonite intrusions. In addition, 1992) in recent years has attracted attention to the limited analytical data suggest that the magmatic sul®des contain most of solubility of sulfur in intermediate magmas and the factors the Cu and Ag present in the latites. Magmatic sul®des are preserved potentially responsible for the formation of magmatic only in the least oxidized and least degassed lavas and vitrophyres. sul®des and anhydrite. However, the occurrence of mag- Petrography of comagmatic dikes and intrusions suggests that matic sul®des in intermediate magmas is not universal; resorption and oxidation (S-degassing) of the globules may make many volcanic suites appear to be sul®de unsaturated.
    [Show full text]
  • Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report
    STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES BRIAN J. BOYLE, Commissioner of Public Lands JAMES A. STEARNS, Department Supervisor DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Raymond Lasmanis, State Geologist GEOCHEMICAL ANALYSES, AGE DATES, AND FLOW-VOLUME ESTIMATES FOR QUATERNARY VOLCANIC ROCKS, SOUTHERN CASCADE MOUNTAINS, WASHINGTON by Paul E. Hammond Portland State University Department of Earth Sciences Portland, OR. 97207 and Michael A. Korosec Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources Olympia, WA 98504 Open-File Report 83-13 Prepared under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC07-79ET27014 for Assessment of Geothermal Resources in Washington December 1983 Table of Contents Page Introduction 1 Descriptions of the tables 1 Descriptions of the figures 8 References . 36 List of Figures Figure 1. ~ Index map showing zones of volcanism and project area in southern Washington Cascade Range 2 Figure 2. Al 2o3 vs. Si02 variation diagram 21 Figure 3. Fe (Total) vs. Si02 variation diagram 22 Figure 4. Ti0 vs. Si0 variation diagram 2 2 23 Figure 5. MnO vs. Si02 variation diagram 24 Figure 6. MgO vs. Si0 variation diagram 2 25 Figure 7. CaO vs. Si0 variation diagram 26 2 Figure 8. Na 2o vs. Si02 variation diagram 27 Figure 9. K20 vs. Si02 variation diagram 28 Figure 10. - P2o5 vs. Si02 varia~ion diagram 29 Figure 11. - Na 20+K20 vs. Si02 variation diagram 30 Figure 12. - Mg vs. Cao variation diagram 31 Figure 13. - Ti02 vs. K20 variation diagram 32 Figure 14. - The Fe (total)/Fe (total)+ MgO ratio vs. The Larson Index . 33 Figure 15.
    [Show full text]
  • Petrogenesis of the Oligocene East Tintic
    PETROGENESIS OF THE OLIGOCENE EAST TINTIC VOLCbyANIC FIELD, UTAH Daniel K. Moore1, Jeffrey D. Keith2, Eric H. Christiansen2, Choon-Sik Kim3, David G. Tingey2, Stephen T. Nelson2, and Douglas S. Flamm2 ABSTRACT The early Oligocene East Tintic volcanic field of central Utah, located near the eastern margin of the Basin and Range Province, consists of mafic to silicic volcanic (mostly intermediate-composition lava flows) and shallow intrusive rocks associated with the formation of small, nested calderas. Radiometric ages establish a minimum age for initiation (34.94 ± 0.10 Ma) and cessation (32.70 ± 0.28 Ma) of East Tintic magmatism. The igneous rocks of the field are calc-alkalic, potassic, silica-oversaturated, and met- aluminous, and can be categorized into the following three compositional groups: the shoshonite-trachyte series, the trachyandesite series, and the rhyolite series. Based on composition and phenocryst assemblage, the shoshonite-trachyte series is divided into two groups: a clinopyroxene group and a two-pyroxene group. The rhyolite series consists of three field units: the Packard Quartz Latite, the Fernow Quartz Latite, and the rhyolite of Keystone Springs. The trachyandesite series is by far the most voluminous. This series is also subdivided into a clinopyroxene group and a two-pyroxene group. Temperature and oxygen fugacity estimates indicate that shoshonite-trachyte series magmas were the hottest and least oxidizing and that two-pyroxene trachyandesite series magmas were the coolest and most oxidizing. Clinopyroxene shoshonite-trachyte series magma evolved mainly by fractional crystallization. The high K2O, Rb, and Al2O3/CaO ratios and modest SiO2 enrichment of these rocks appear to result from extensive, high-pressure fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene (without plagioclase).
    [Show full text]
  • New K=AR Age Dates, Geochemistry, and Stratigraphic Data
    NEW K-AR AGE DATES, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND STRATIGRAPHIC DATA FOR THE INDIAN HEAVEN 'QUATERNARY VOLCANIC FIELD, SOUTH CASCADE RANGE, WASHINGTON by MICHAEL A. KOROSEC WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES OPEN FILE REPORT 89-3 December 1989 This report has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with Division of Geology and Earth Resources standards and nomenclature •• WASlilNGTON STATE DEPARTMENT Of ~~--==~:.- Natural Resources Bnan Boyle · Commissioner ot Public Lands Art Stearns - Supervisor Division of Geology and Earth Resources Raymond Lasmanis, State Geologist DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express of implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22161. CONTENTS Introduction ....................................................... 1 Data Collection and Presentation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 Unit Description for Indian Heaven Lava Flows and Cinder Cones •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 Discussion .
    [Show full text]
  • A Synthesis of Historical and Recent Reports of Grizzly Bears (Ursus Arctos) in the North Cascades Region
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science A Synthesis of Historical and Recent Reports of Grizzly Bears (Ursus arctos) in the North Cascades Region Natural Resource Report NPS/NOCA/NRR—2018/1662 ON THIS PAGE Grizzly bear tracks near Mt. Baker in the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, 1989 Photo by Roger Christophersen/NPS ON THE COVER The Weaver brothers’ cabin, displaying a grizzly bear pelt and other assorted pelts harvested from the Stehekin River basin. Unknown photographer. A Synthesis of Historical and Recent Reports of Grizzly Bears (Ursus arctos) in the North Cascades Region Natural Resource Report NPS/NOCA/NRR—2018/1662 Kristin M. Rine, Anne M. Braaten, Jack G. Oelfke, Jason I. Ransom National Park Service North Cascades National Park Service Complex 810 State Route 20 Sedro-Woolley, WA 98284 June 2018 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations.
    [Show full text]
  • Squaxin Island Tribe 2020-2021 Annual Hunting Regulations Big Game, Small Game, & Migratory Bird/Upland
    SQUAXIN ISLAND TRIBE 2020-2021 ANNUAL HUNTING REGULATIONS BIG GAME, SMALL GAME, & MIGRATORY BIRD/UPLAND This annual regulation regulates the hunting activities of those hunting under authority of the Squaxin Island Tribe and extends to all open and unclaimed lands, consistent with the reserved hunting and gathering rights of the Treaty of Medicine Creek, 10 Stat. 1132, and, on claimed lands by agreement with the affected parties, pursuant to the Squaxin Island Tribe’s Natural Resource Management Code (“the Code”). The purpose of this annual regulation is to implement various tribal-state and tribal-county agreements, ensure effective management, maximize enforcement capability, hunter safety, minimize conflict, and provide meaningful access and opportunity to treaty resources. This regulation and its contents are not premised upon conservation or perpetuation of the hunting resource. To the extent that United States v. Williams, 898 F.2d 727 (9th Cir. 1990) or State v. McCormack, 117 Wn.2d 141, 812 P.2d 483 (1991), hold that these tribal regulations were promulgated for conservation purposes, the Squaxin Island Tribe specifically rebuts that presumption. The requirements and prohibitions included in this Regulation are in addition to those included in the Code. Where there is a specific conflict between the provisions of the Code and this Regulation, this Regulation shall control. However, no conflict shall exist where the Code includes provisions in addition to or more extensive than those included in this Regulation. The Tribe authorizes hunting on all open and unclaimed lands within the state of Washington. The Tribe opens various the Game Management Units (GMUs) by in-season regulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Summits on the Air USA (W7W)
    Summits on the Air U.S.A. (W7W) Association Reference Manual (ARM) Document Reference S39.1 Issue number 2.0 Date of issue 01-Dec-2016 Participation start date 01-July-2009 Authorised Date 08-Jul-2009 obo SOTA Management Team Association Manager Darryl Holman, WW7D, [email protected] Summits-on-the-Air an original concept by G3WGV and developed with G3CWI Notice “Summits on the Air” SOTA and the SOTA logo are trademarks of the Programme. This document is copyright of the Programme. All other trademarks and copyrights referenced herein are acknowledged. Summits on the Air – ARM for USA W7W-Washington Table of contents Change Control ................................................................................................................... 4 Disclaimer ........................................................................................................................... 5 Copyright Notices ............................................................................................................... 5 1.0 Association Reference Data .......................................................................................... 6 2.1 Program Derivation ....................................................................................................... 7 2.2 General Information ...................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Final Access, Activation Zone, and Operating Location Explained ............................. 8 2.4 Rights of Way and Access Issues ................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of the Methow Valley Okanogan County, Washington Frontispiece
    STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES BERT L. COLE, Commissioner of Public Lands DON LEE FRASER, Supervisor DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES VAUGHN E. LIVINGSTON JR., State Geologist BULLETIN N0.68 GEOLOGY OF THE METHOW VALLEY OKANOGAN COUNTY, WASHINGTON By JULIAN D. BARKSDALE ' 1975 .. - WASHINGTON STATE LIBRARY 111~1111111111 Ill llll!l llll l!I Ill Ill 111111~~ AbOOOO 135493 GEOLOGY OF THE METHOW VALLEY OKANOGAN COUNTY, WASHINGTON FRONTISPIECE Methow Valley looking southeast from lower slopes of Last Chance Point. Goat Wall in the middle dis­ tance left is the result of glacial erosion of Midnight Peak Formation andesitic rocks. II STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES BERT L. COLE, Commissioner of Public lands DON LEE FRASER , Supervisor DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES VAUGHN E. LIVINGSTON, JR., State Geologist BULLETIN N0.68 GEOLOGY OF THE METHOW VALLEY OKANOGAN COUNTY, WASHINGTON By JULIAN D. BARKSDALE 1975 \ For sale by Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington Price $ 2.00 The publishing of this report on the Methow Valley was made possible by the generous financial contributions of the EXXON COMPANY Minerals Department, PLACER AMEX INCORPORATED, and QUINTANA MINERALS CORPORATION and THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IV FOREWORD Dr. Julian Barksdale, the author of this report, is the dean of the Methow River Valley geology. Berky, as he is known to his friends and colleagues, began his ~ork in the rugged Methow country in 1939 as a new Ph. D, recently hired by the University of Washington. During a field trip into the upper Methow late in 1938 with Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Magmatic History of the East Tintic Mountains, Utah
    UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Magmatic History of the East Tintic Mountains, Utah By Judith L. Hannah1 and Alec Macbeth2 Open-File Report 90-0095 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards nor the North American stratigraphic code. 1990 1U.S. Geological Survey Department of Geology Denver, Colorado University of Vermont and Burlington, VT 05405 Department of Geology University of Vermont Burlington, VT 05405 CONTENTS Page Introduction ............................ 1 Acknowledgments ........................ 1 Tertiary stratigraphy in the East Tintic Mountains ......... 1 Episode 1: Packard and Ferrow Quartz Latites ......... 2 Episode 2: Lower flow sequence ................ 3 Episode 3: Lower and upper pyroclastic sequences ....... 4 Episode 4: Latite Ridge Latite ................ 5 Episode 5: Post-caldera intrusive rocks ........... 6 Episode 6: Late latite tuffs and flows: upper flow sequence and the Laguna Springs Volcanic Group .......... 8 History of the Tintic caldera .................... 9 Geochronologic constraints ..................... 10 References cited .......................... 14 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 1. Geologic map of Tertiary rocks on the west flank of the East Tintic Mountains, Juab County, Utah .......... in pocket Figure 1. Location of map areas in the East Tintic Mountains ... 15 2. Generalized geologic map of the East Tintic Mountains . 16 3. Regional geologic relationships ............ 17 4. Columnar section of Cenozoic rocks in the East Tintic mining district ................... 18 5. Paleotopography in the southern East Tintic Mountains . 19 6. Simplified geologic map of west flank of the East Tintic Mountains ...................... 20 7. Reconstructed cross sections illustrating the history of the East Tintic Mountains volcanic field and the Tintic caldera ................... 22 8.
    [Show full text]