Pteriodophyta Psilophyta Lycophyta Filicophyta (Pterophyta) Calamophyta
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RI Equisetopsida and Lycopodiopsida.Indd
IIntroductionntroduction byby FFrancisrancis UnderwoodUnderwood Rhode Island Equisetopsida, Lycopodiopsida and Isoetopsida Special Th anks to the following for giving permission for the use their images. Robbin Moran New York Botanical Garden George Yatskievych and Ann Larson Missouri Botanical Garden Jan De Laet, plantsystematics.org Th is pdf is a companion publication to Rhode Island Equisetopsida, Lycopodiopsida & Isoetopsida at among-ri-wildfl owers.org Th e Elfi n Press 2016 Introduction Formerly known as fern allies, Horsetails, Club-mosses, Fir-mosses, Spike-mosses and Quillworts are plants that have an alternate generation life-cycle similar to ferns, having both sporophyte and gametophyte stages. Equisetopsida Horsetails date from the Devonian period (416 to 359 million years ago) in earth’s history where they were trees up to 110 feet in height and helped to form the coal deposits of the Carboniferous period. Only one genus has survived to modern times (Equisetum). Horsetails Horsetails (Equisetum) have jointed stems with whorls of thin narrow leaves. In the sporophyte stage, they have a sterile and fertile form. Th ey produce only one type of spore. While the gametophytes produced from the spores appear to be plentiful, the successful reproduction of the sporophyte form is low with most Horsetails reproducing vegetatively. Lycopodiopsida Lycopodiopsida includes the clubmosses (Dendrolycopodium, Diphasiastrum, Lycopodiella, Lycopodium , Spinulum) and Fir-mosses (Huperzia) Clubmosses Clubmosses are evergreen plants that produce only microspores that develop into a gametophyte capable of producing both sperm and egg cells. Club-mosses can produce the spores either in leaf axils or at the top of their stems. Th e spore capsules form in a cone-like structures (strobili) at the top of the plants. -
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory, -
WRA Species Report
Family: Selaginellaceae Taxon: Selaginella braunii Synonym: Lycopodioides braunii (Baker) Kuntze Common Name: arborvitae fern Selaginella braunii fo. hieronymi Alderw. Braun's spike-moss Selaginella hieronymi Alderw. Chinese lace-fern spike-moss Selaginella vogelii Mett. treelet spike-moss Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Assessor Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 7 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- Low substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 n 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or -
Effects of Lycopodium Clavatum and Equisetum Arvense Extracts from Western Romania
Romanian Biotechnological Letters Vol. , No. x, Copyright © 2016 University of Bucharest Printed in Romania. All rights reserved ORIGINAL PAPER Effects of Lycopodium clavatum and equisetum arvense extracts from western Romania Received for publication, July, 07, 2014 Accepted, October, 13, 2015 MARIA SUCIU1, FELIX AUREL MIC1, LUCIAN BARBU-TUDORAN2, VASILE MUNTEAN2, ALEXANDRA TEODORA GRUIA3,* 1University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Department of Functional Sciences, Timisoara, 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timisoara, 300041, Timis County, Romania 2Babes-Bolyai University, Biology and Geology Department, 5-7 Clinicilor Str., Cluj-Napoca, 400084, Cluj County, Romania. 3Emergency Clinical County Hospital Timisoara, Regional Centre for Transplant Immunology Department, 10, Iosif Bulbuca Blvd., Timisoara, 300736, Timis County, Romania. *Address for correspondence to: [email protected], 10, Iosif Bulbuca Blvd., Timisoara, 300736, Timis County, Romania. Abbreviations: ALT–alanin transaminases, AST–aspartate transaminases, GC-MS–gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometry. Abstract Plants have always excited interest because of their active principles that could be a source of healing in various affections. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that the hepatoprotective and antimicrobial effects of Lycopodium clavatum and Equisetum arvense from the Western parts of Romania (Arad County) are not as pronounced as described in literature, against xenobiotic intoxication or microbial infection. To identify the plants active compounds, -
Selaginellaceae: Traditional Use, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
MS Editions BOLETIN LATINOAMERICANO Y DEL CARIBE DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES Y AROMÁTICAS 19 (3): 247 - 288 (2020) © / ISSN 0717 7917 / www.blacpma.ms-editions.cl Revisión | Review Selaginellaceae: traditional use, phytochemistry and pharmacology [Selaginellaceae: uso tradicional, fitoquímica y farmacología] Fernanda Priscila Santos Reginaldo, Isabelly Cristina de Matos Costa & Raquel Brandt Giordani College of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Department. University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. Contactos | Contacts: Raquel Brandt GIORDANI - E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract: Selaginella is the only genus from Selaginellaceae, and it is considered a key factor in studying evolution. The family managed to survive the many biotic and abiotic pressures during the last 400 million years. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of Selaginella in order to recognize their potential and evaluate future research opportunities. Carbohydrates, pigments, steroids, phenolic derivatives, mainly flavonoids, and alkaloids are the main natural products in Selaginella. A wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities, some of them pointed out by folk medicine, has been reported. Future studies should afford valuable new data on better explore the biological potential of the flavonoid amentoflavone and their derivatives as chemical bioactive entities; develop studies about toxicity and, finally, concentrate efforts on elucidate mechanisms of action for biological properties already reported. Keywords: Selaginella; Natural Products; Overview. Resumen: Selaginella es el único género de Selaginellaceae, y se considera un factor clave en el estudio de la evolución. La familia logró sobrevivir a las muchas presiones bióticas y abióticas durante los últimos 400 millones de años. -
263 Determining the Amount of Nucleic Acids in Medicinal
Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Fascicula Protecţia Mediului Vol. XXIII, 2014 DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF NUCLEIC ACIDS IN MEDICINAL FERNS COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT AREAS OF ARAD AND BIHOR COUNTY Pallag Annamaria*, Osser Gyongyi**, Orodan Maria**, Honiges Ana**, Gîtea Daniela*, Pașca Bianca* *University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pharmacy Department, P-ta 1 Decembrie, no. 10, Oradea, 410223, Romania, [email protected] **Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Romania, College of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Biophysics Department Abstract Lycopodium clavatum L. and Equisetum arvense L. are ferns, Pteridophytes, and are widely used medicinal plants. These species are not cultivated in Romania, the medicinal product coming from traditional collection centers, so the exact origin of the product is difficult to follow. In this work we are presenting the obtained results of determining the amount of nucleic acids in case of several Lycopodium clavatum and Equisetum arvense L. populations, in terms of the species’ homogeneity. There were studied the stems of Lycopodium clavatum L. and Equisetum arvense L., collected from different regions - Oradea’s area, Cefa area - of Bihor County, and from Macea Botanical Garden (MBG), Arad county in the period of April - September 2014. As a result of the study we have observed the presence of differences in the amount of nucleic acids between the studied populations. Keywords: Lycopodium clavatum L., Equisetum arvense L., nucleic acids INTRODUCTION Pteridophytes are known from as far back as the Silurian, or some 380 million years ago (Bennici, 2008, Gifford et al, 1988). The Pteridophytes occupy the intermediate position between the bryophytes and the phanerogams (Graham, 1993). -
Notes on Some Species of Diphasiastrum
Preslia, Praha, 47: 232 - 240, 1975 Notes on some species of Diphasiastrum Poznamky k n~kterym druhum rodu Dipha11iaatrum Josef Holub HOLUB J. (1975): Notes on some species of Diphasiastrum. - Preslia, Praha, 47: 232- 240. Taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of some species of Diphasiastrum HOLUB are discussed. A special attention is pa.id to the interspecies D. / X / issleri and D. / x / zei leri. Original plants of D. / x / issleri correspond to the combination D. alpinum - D. complanatum. Plants corresponding to the combination D. alpinum - D. tristachyum have been collected in the ~umava Mts. Some taxa described from the subarctic regions of Europe and North America are shown to belong most probably to the neglected interspecies D. / x / zeileri. Botanical I nstitute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 25~ 43 Prithonice, Czecho.,lovakia. INTRODUCTION This is a second part of my study of the new genus Diphasiastrum (HOLUB 1975), which could not be published in this journal in its entirety. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature are selected from materials gathered originally for my "Catalogue of Czechoslovak vascular plants". With regard to the character of that work the present observations summarize the results of my own studies and suggests problems to be studied in the future. OBSERVATIONS f!.iphasiastrum alpinum (L.) HOLUB Two varieties have been described in this species (both under the name Lycopodium alpi nttm L.): var. thellungii HERTER from Switzerland and var. planiramulosum TAKEDA from Japan. Both these taxa, especially the first one, require a taxonomic revision; the possibility cannot be exclu<led that they are conspecific with D. / x / issleri. -
Species Lists
Appendix D: Species Lists Appendix D: Species Lists In this appendix: Great Lakes Fish Species Gravel Island NWR Gravel Island and Green Bay NWRs Harbor Island NWR Huron NWR Michigan Islands NWR (National Wildlife Refuge = NWR, Refuge) Great Lakes Fish Species Common Name Scientific Name Present/Absent Regional/State Status Lake Lake Huron Lake R3-Conservation Priority in Region 3 Michigan Superior E- Federal Endangered T-Federal Threatened SE-State Endangered ST-State Threatened SSC-State Special Concern Acipenseridae R3 (rare/declining, recreational/ Acipenser Lake sturgeon x x x economic value, tribal trust), SSC fulvescens (WI), ST (MI) Amiidae Bowfin Amia calva x x Catostomidae Catostomus White sucker x x x commersoni Catostomus Longnose sucker x x x catostomus Centrarchidae Ambloplites Rockbass x x x rupestris Micropterus Smallmouth bass x x x dolomieui Pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus x x x Clupeidae Dorosoma Gizzard shad # x x x cepedianum Alosa Alewife # x x pseudoharengus Cyprinidae Carp # Cyprinus Carpio x x x Esocidae Northern pike Esox Lucieus x x x Muskellunge Esox masquinongy x x x Gadidae Burbot Lota lota x x x Gobiidae Neogobius Round goby # x x x R3 (nuisance) melanostomus Moronidae White bass Morone chrysops x x Osmeridae Rainbow smelt # Osmerus mordax x x x Percichthyidae White perch # Morone americana x x x Gravel Island, Green Bay, Harbor Island, Huron, and Michigan Islands NWRs/Comprehensive Conservation Plan 221 Appendix D: Species Lists Common Name Scientific Name Present/Absent Regional/State Status Percidae R3 (rare/declining, -
(Lycopodiaceae) in the State of Veracruz, Mexico
Mongabay.com Open Access Journal - Tropical Conservation Science Vol.8 (1): 114-137, 2015 Research article Distribution and conservation status of Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae) in the state of Veracruz, Mexico Samaria Armenta-Montero1, César I. Carvajal-Hernández1, Edward A. Ellis1 and Thorsten Krömer1* 1Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Casco de la Ex Hacienda Lucas Martín, Privada de Araucarias S/N. Col. Periodistas, C.P. 91019, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract The fern and lycophyte flora of Mexico contains 13 species in the genus Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae; club moss family), of which nine are found in the state of Veracruz (P. cuernavacensis, P. dichotomus, P. linifolius, P. myrsinites, P. orizabae, P. pithyoides, P. pringlei, P. reflexus , P. taxifolius). They are located primarily in undisturbed areas of humid montane, pine-oak and tropical humid forests, which are all ecosystems threatened by deforestation and fragmentation. The objective of this study was to evaluate and understand the distribution and conservation status of species of this genus in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Using Maxent, probability distributions were modeled based on 173 herbarium specimens (25% from recent collections by the authors and/or collaborators), considering factors such as climate, elevation and vegetation cover. Additionally, anthropogenic impacts on the original habitat of each species were analyzed in order to assign threatened categories based on IUCN classifications at regional levels. Results show that potential distributions are located in the montane regions of the central and southern parts of the state. All nine Phlegmariurus species in Veracruz were found to be in some category of risk, with P. -
Ecology and Distribution of Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia
Blumea 54, 2009: 269–271 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/000651909X476265 Ecology and distribution of Lycopodiaceae Mirbel in Malaysia G. Rusea1, K. Claysius1, S. Runi1,2, U. Joanes2, K.M. Haja Maideen3, A. Latiff 3 Key words Abstract This paper is the first account to discuss the distribution, ecology and habitats of the Lycopodiaceae in Malaysia. Lycopodiaceae are widely distributed throughout Malaysia with respect to altitudes and environmental distribution conditions but most abundantly found in hill forest and lower montane forest, terrestrial as well as epiphytic, in ecology shaded or semi-shaded places with relatively high humidity. Pahang in Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah in Borneo habitats have the highest species diversity in terms of the number of species collected. Lycopodiaceae Published on 30 October 2009 INTRODUCTION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The Lycopodiaceae s.l. are an ancient (Correll 1956) and In Malaysia, the family comprises 32 species including 11 va- probably monophyletic family without close living relatives rieties that are found in various altitudes and vegetation types, and have a virtually cosmopolitan distribution (Øllgaard 1992). sometimes in a restricted area (Table 1). The estimated number of species ranges from approximately Lycopodiella cernua has the widest distribution in Malaysia 300 to more than 400 around the world (Wikström 2001). It and is most common on acid soils and occurs along forest consists of three genera namely Huperzia, Lycopodium and fringes, along roadside, hillsides and mountain slopes fol- Lycopodiella. Worldwide the estimated number of species for lowed by Huperzia carinata and H. pinifolia, which occur on both Lycopodium and Lycopodiella is about 40 (Wikström & tree branches. -
Chapter 23: the Early Tracheophytes
Chapter 23 The Early Tracheophytes THE LYCOPHYTES Lycopodium Has a Homosporous Life Cycle Selaginella Has a Heterosporous Life Cycle Heterospory Allows for Greater Parental Investment Isoetes May Be the Only Living Member of the Lepidodendrid Group THE MONILOPHYTES Whisk Ferns Ophioglossalean Ferns Horsetails Marattialean Ferns True Ferns True Fern Sporophytes Typically Have Underground Stems Sexual Reproduction Usually Is Homosporous Fern Have a Variety of Alternative Means of Reproduction Ferns Have Ecological and Economic Importance SUMMARY PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT: Sporophyte Prominence and Survival on Land PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT: Coal, Smog, and Forest Decline THE OCCUPATION OF THE LAND PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE The First Tracheophytes Were ENVIRONMENT: Diversity Among the Ferns Rhyniophytes Tracheophytes Became Increasingly Better PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE Adapted to the Terrestrial Environment ENVIRONMENT: Fern Spores Relationships among Early Tracheophytes 1 KEY CONCEPTS 1. Tracheophytes, also called vascular plants, possess lignified water-conducting tissue (xylem). Approximately 14,000 species of tracheophytes reproduce by releasing spores and do not make seeds. These are sometimes called seedless vascular plants. Tracheophytes differ from bryophytes in possessing branched sporophytes that are dominant in the life cycle. These sporophytes are more tolerant of life on dry land than those of bryophytes because water movement is controlled by strongly lignified vascular tissue, stomata, and an extensive cuticle. The gametophytes, however still require a seasonally wet habitat, and water outside the plant is essential for the movement of sperm from antheridia to archegonia. 2. The rhyniophytes were the first tracheophytes. They consisted of dichotomously branching axes, lacking roots and leaves. They are all extinct. -
Spore Dispersal of Selaginella Denticulata, S. Helvetica, and S
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2020 Spore dispersal of Selaginella denticulata, S. helvetica, and S. selaginoides, and the significance of heterospory in Selaginellacae Schneller, Jakob ; Kessler, Michael DOI: https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-110.2.58 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-187856 Journal Article Published Version Originally published at: Schneller, Jakob; Kessler, Michael (2020). Spore dispersal of Selaginella denticulata, S. helvetica, and S. selaginoides, and the significance of heterospory in Selaginellacae. American Fern Journal, 110(2):58-65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-110.2.58 Spore dispersal of Selaginella denticulata, S. helvetica, and S. selaginoides, and the significance of heterospory in Selaginellacae Authors: Schneller, Jakob, and Kessler, Michael Source: American Fern Journal, 110(2) : 58-65 Published By: The American Fern Society URL: https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-110.2.58 BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/terms-of-use. Usage of BioOne Complete content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non - commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder.