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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02012-2 - Under Divine Auspices: Divine Ideology and the Visualisation of Imperial Power in the Severan Period Clare Rowan Index More information Index Abukir medallions, 154 on the coins of Caracalla, 117, 124 adventus ceremony, 134–5, 149, 153, 155, 190 Smintheus, 161 Aegeae (Cilicia), 239 Tyrimnaeus, 161 Aelia Capitolina, 178, 180, 185 Aquilia Severa, Julia, 182, 214, 215 Aelius Aristides, 113, 126 arch Aesculapius, 73, 83, 111, 112, 114, 117, 124–6, arch of Lepcis Magna. See Lepcis Magna, 129–37, 145–6, 156–62, 239, 247, 249 quadrifons on the coinage of Caracalla, 129 of Severus in the Roman forum, 67, 87, temple in Rome, 131 104–5, 195 aeternitas, 244 of the argentarii, 80, 81, 105–7, 166 Africa, 9, 77–84, 99, 102 Arval brothers, 64, 207, 249 Albinus, Clodius, 1, 34–9, 45–7, 49, Athenaeus, 170 95, 166 Attalos, M. Caerelius, 133–4 Alexander the Great, 48, 114, 128, 146, 152–7, Augustus (Octavian), 13, 20, 29, 52, 53, 61, 159, 171, 247, 250 62, 64, 134–5, 152, 219, 233–4, 240, Alexandria, 137–42, 146–52, 157, 158, 178, 179, 246, 252 180, 182, 185, 247 and the saecular games, 54–5, 61 coinage under Caracalla, 149 massacre in, 147–9 Baal Hammon, 2, 36–9, 247 Sarapeum, 136, 138, 141, 147 Bacchus. See Liber Pater Alexandria Troas, 153, 161 Balbillus, Tiberius Julius, 202–3, 218 Alexandros, M. Aurelius, 133, 135 baths of Caracalla, 144–6, 151, 249 Alexianus, C. Iulius Avitus, 185 Beroia (Macedonia), 237 Alsium, 201 Britain, 116 Altaua (Mauretania), 184, 217 Byzantium, 102 Anazarbus (Cilicia), 135, 176, 178, 180, 186, 237–40, 250 Caesar, Julius, 12, 13, 20, 55, 249 Ancyra, 160 Caesarea (Cappadocia), 40, 241 Anthimos, Julius, 133, 135 Caligula, 21, 137 Antinous, 152 Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), 16, 72, Antioch, 41, 116, 169, 175–6, 204, 240 89, 102–4, 110–63, 164, 171, 183, 202, 206, Antonineia Pythia, 206 246–52 Antonine itinerary, 142 and Alexander the Great, 152–7 Antonine plague, 122 and Sarapis, 137–46 Antoninus Pius, 1, 5, 29, 53, 70, 73, 120, 131 and Sol, 241–5 Antoninus, Uranius, 178 and the arch of the argentarii, 106 Apollo, 13, 53, 65, 95, 103, 112, 157–62, and the quadrifons at Lepcis Magna, 80, 247, 249 84–99 and the saecular games, 54–5 as kosmokrator, 151 Augustus’ temple on the Palatine, 13 as philosarapis, 150 Claros, 119–22, 125, 247 becomes Caesar, 45 Grannus, 115–17, 119, 123, 247 coin types, 6, 21, 111, 117, 123–4, 129, 137, Kendrisos, 155 138, 141, 162 298 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02012-2 - Under Divine Auspices: Divine Ideology and the Visualisation of Imperial Power in the Severan Period Clare Rowan Index More information Index 299 consultation of Apollo of Claros, 123–5, Constantius II, 28 126, 127 constitutio Antoniniana, 113, 126–8 decennalia, 75 Cosa (Italy), 119, 122 deification, 162 Ctesias, 170 German campaigns, 116 Cyzicus (Mysia), 159, 237 in Alexandria, 146–52 murder of Geta, 138 damnatio memoriae, 3, 21, 41, 106, 165–9, 175, Parthian War, 135 177, 216–19 possible illness, 112–15, 162 Dea Caelestis, 78–80 shipwreck of, 128, 136 di patrii, 75, 77 visit to Pergamum, 129–37 Diadumenian, Marcus Opellius Antoninus, weapon used to kill Geta, 137 164, 166, 168 Carrhae, 162 Dio Chrysostom, 171 Carthage, 9, 68, 78–9, 83 Dio, Cassius, 15–16, 52, 68, 108 Claudius, 53 and coins, 29 Clement of Alexandria, 171 description of Elagabalus’ marriages, 215 cohors Emesenorum, 184 pamphlet on the omens of Severus’ rule, 11, cohors I Tungrorum, 120 15, 34 coin hoards, 5, 24–7 portrayal of Caracalla, 16, 112–14 coinage portrayal of Elagabalus, 16, 168–9 afterlife, 251 portrayal of Severus’ reign, 15 and religious ritual, 64 possible description of the saecular and Roman memory, 28, 63, 252 games, 51 and the representation of buildings, Dionysus, 48, 95; see also Liber Pater 70, 195 Domitian, 13, 53, 60–2, 137, 139, 252 and the saecular games, 60–5 and the saecular games, 55–7, 61, 62, 64 as a gift, 29, 76 Domna, Julia, 62, 147, 164, 173, 202 as a language, 245 and Dea Caelestis, 80 as monuments in miniature, 30, 136 and the arch of the argentarii, 106 as vessel decoration, 136 and the quadrifons at Lepcis Magna, 84–99 audience, 4, 19, 23, 64, 77, 134, 251 aurei, 75–7 Elagabal (Emesene god), 18, 164–218, 240–1, connection with the emperor, 19–23 248, 251 movement of iconography, 124, 131, as conservator of the emperor, 189, 214 247, 250 cultic activity in Trastevere, 202–3 of the imperial women, 173 damnatio memoriae, 177, 217–18 provincial, 3, 136, 155, 157–62, 178–83, 188, Elagabalia in Sardis, 183, 188 237, 239, 250 in Alsium, 201 quantitative analysis, 3, 4, 24–8, 251 introduction of cult to cities under relationship between legends and Elagabalus, 183–7 imagery, 248 marriages of, 198, 214–15 restitution coinage, 22, 28–9, 63, 243 midsummer procession of, 203–6 rôle of the emperor, 22 on provincial coinage, 178–83, 204 substantive v. commemorative, 25 on Roman coinage, 176–8, 204 use for the historian, 2–4 represented on capital from the Roman Colophon (Ionia), 119, 123–5 forum, 198 colosseum, 222 temple in Mauretania, 184, 217 Commodus, 5, 6, 14, 17, 38, 47–9, 67, 95, 140, temple in Pannonia Inferior, 184 163, 167, 189, 196, 243, 247–8 temples in Rome, 190–201, 249 concordia, 92–3, 101 temples in Rome converted to other uses consilium principis, 174 under Severus Alexander, 223–9 Constantine, 20, 54, 175, 191, 200–1 transfer to Rome, 175 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02012-2 - Under Divine Auspices: Divine Ideology and the Visualisation of Imperial Power in the Severan Period Clare Rowan Index More information 300 Index Elagabalus (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), 18, 103, Heraclitus, 149 142, 157, 162–218, 240, 246–52 Hercules, 33, 65, 89, 111, 122, 145, 249; see also alleged son of Caracalla, 164 Liber Pater and Hercules and Sol, 241–5 and Alcestis, 59 arrival in Rome, 189 and Commodus, 14, 47–9 close association with the god Elagabal, 182, and Perinthus, 103 213–15, 217 and the arch of Severus in the Roman coin types, 6, 165, 173, 176–8, 188, forum, 104 207, 209 and the arch of the argentarii, 106–7 damnatio memoriae, 217–18 and the equites singulares, 49–50 dress of, 172, 181, 189, 190, 210 Custos (Rome), 12 ‘horn’ portrait, 188, 208–10, 213 Defensor, 45–7 journey to Rome, 176 Gaditanus, 1 marriages of, 214–15 Invictus (Rome), 12, 49, 50 painting of as high priest of Emesa, 180 under Caracalla, 110 presentation in the Historia Augusta, 220 with Potitius and Pinarius, 72 representation as high priest of Elagabal, Herodian, 16–18, 51, 108, 148, 181, 203, 205 210–13 and paideia, 18, 114, 148, 171–3, 190 rise to power, 164–5 date of work, 17 titles, 187 description of Elagabalus’ marriages, 215 Emesa, 40, 164, 171, 183, 186, 188, 194, 203, portrayal of Caracalla, 114 209, 216 portrayal of Elagabalus, 169, 171 Ephesus, 116, 151, 237 portrayal of Severus Alexander, 219 Epictetus, 21 religious digressions, 172 equites singulares, 49–50 use of Dio, 17, 51, 114, 146, 148 Eshmun, 83 Hierapolis (Phrygia), 237 Eutychianus, 164 Hierapolis-Castabala (Cilicia), 176, 179–80 Historia Augusta, 18, 148 Faimingen, 115, 119 portrayal of Caracalla, 114 Faustina, Annia, 214 portrayal of Elagabalus, 174–5 Faustinopolis, 183 portrayal of Severus Alexander, 219 forum, 14 hoard. See coin hoards of Nerva, 14, 235 Horace, 54, 60 fratricide, 114 Housesteads (Britain), 119–20 in Roman thought, 114 ideology, 84 in the later third century, 6 Gannys, 164 new imperial ideology under Elagabalus, 215, gems, 66 218, 248 Geta, Publius Septimius, 16, 21, 73, 75, 103, 106, shift from Antonine to Severan period, 5, 6 113–14, 136, 146 shift from Severus to Caracalla, 111 and the arch of the argentarii, 106 use of divine support in the Republican and the quadrifons at Lepcis Magna, 80–1, period, 11–13 84–99 use of divine support under Augustus, 13 damnatio memoriae, 166 death of, 110 Illium, 153 gigantomachy, 82, 90, 101–2 imagery abbreviation of in the third century, 65 Hadrian, 1, 5, 21, 22, 42, 68–70, 120, 130, imperial image 152, 243 and public expectations, 167, 246 Hadrianotherai (Mysia), 161 displays of pietas, 97, 115, 117, 131, 136 Hadrumetum, 36 flexibility of, 13, 14, 108, 137, 246 Harpocrates, 146 negotiation at a local level, 93, 98–9, 152–62, Hatra, 244 187, 250 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02012-2 - Under Divine Auspices: Divine Ideology and the Visualisation of Imperial Power in the Severan Period Clare Rowan Index More information Index 301 power of the imperial portrait, 29 Mars, 12, 73, 91, 95, 111, 145, 162, 207, rôle of virtues, 6, 44, 174, 249 233–6, 245 transmission, 65–7, 88, 161, 180, 250 and Severus Alexander, 222 indulgentia Augg in Carth, 78–9 Ultor, 13, 70, 233–6, 249 inscriptions Maximian, 219 to the gods and goddesses, 119–22, 126–8 medallions, 251 Isaura (Cilicia), 160 audience, 38–9 Isis, 117, 137, 142, 146–7, 161 purpose, 38, 154 Melli (Pisidia), 119, 121 Julian, 20 Mercury, 101 Julianus, Didius, 34–5, 166 Miletos (Ionia), 237 Juliopolis, 176, 179, 180, 182 Minerva, 91, 94–5, 100, 111, 198 Jupiter, 42, 53, 74, 95, 117, 150, 162, 189, 197, and the saecular games, 55–7 205, 207–8, 219, 245, 246, 248, 251 mint and Roman coinage, 226–7 Alexandria, 40, 149 and Severus Alexander, 222 Antioch, 40 Dolichenus, 204 Nicomedia, 182 on the coinage of the Severan dynasty, 232–3 of Pescennius Niger, 40 Propugnator, 234 of Severus in the East, 39–41 seated between Hercules
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    Fourteenth Session, Commencing at 4.30 pm 3990* Palestine, Roman Procurator of Judaea, Antonius Felix under ROMAN SILVER & BRONZE Claudius, (A.D. 52-59), copper prutah, (2.536 grams), obv. two oblong shields and two spears crossed, around NEP[W ΚΛ AV KAIC]AP, (Nero Claudius Caesar, son of Claudius), REPUBLICAN COINS rev. palm tree six branches, and two bunches of dates, BPIT above (Britanicus, second son of Claudius), below date across [L IΔ], L IΔ = year 14 = A.D. 54), (S.5626, H.652 [117], AJC II Supplement V, No.29, Meshorer 233). Off centred, weak in places, otherwise very fine with date off flan, scarce and a coin naming the ill-fated Britanicus. $80 Ex Noble Numismatics Sale 66 (lot 3482). 3993* 3991 Anonymous Series, (179-170 B.C.), silver denarius, Rome Palestine, Roman Procurator of Judaea, Porcius Festus under mint, (4.200 grams), obv. Roma helmeted head right, X Nero, (A.D. 59-62), copper prutah, (1.598 and 2.336 grams), behind, rev. Luna in biga to right, ROMA below, (S.69, obv. in wreath tied with X at bottom in three lines, NEP/ Cr.158/1, Syd.312). Good fine. WNO/C, (Nero), rev. palm branch, around LE KAICAPOC $90 (Caesar year 5), L E = year 5 = A.D. 58), (S.5627, H.653 [118], AJC II Supplement V, No.35, Meshorer 234). Weak 3994 in places and legends, otherwise fine - nearly very fine. (2) Furius Purpurio, (169-158 B.C.), silver denarius, (3.062 $80 grams), obv. Roma head right, X behind, rev. Diana or Luna Ex Harry Abramowitz Family Collection, Superior Galleries (USA) auctions in biga right, murex above, PVR below horses, ROMA December 8, 1993 (lot 456 part) and Noble Numismatics Sale 74 (lot in exergue, (S.75, Cr.187/1, Syd.424); another Decimius 4645).

  • Fourteenth Session, Commencing at 4.30Pm VI of Pontus Who Used the Design of the Famous Issues of Lysimachos Two Centuries Earlier

    This lot comes from an important hoard of Greek gold staters from the time of the Mithradatic War (88-86 B.C.). They were issued by Mithradates Fourteenth Session, Commencing at 4.30pm VI of Pontus who used the design of the famous issues of Lysimachos two centuries earlier. These staters with the head of Alexander the Great linked him to Alexander, history's greatest conqueror. At the age of 18, Mithradates embarked on a career of conquest, bringing most of the lands around the Black Sea under his control. These policies brought him into confl ict with Rome and he consequently tried to liberate the East from Rome and ANCIENT GOLD COINS quickly defeated the local garrisons and massacred every Roman citizen in Asia (some 80,000 in one night). Athens welcomed him as a liberator, but the Roman response came in 87 B.C. The Consul L. Sulla with fi ve legions captured Athens and pursued Mithradates back to Asia Minor. Mithradates GREEK was fi ned 2000 talents (600,000 gold staters) and returned to Pontus. These gold staters were probably struck during his campaign in Thrace in late 88 to early 87 B.C. to pay his mercenary soldiers. Three cities struck these coins. Alternatively the view has been put forward suggesting that these coins were issues by Brutus in the Civil War of 44-42 B.C. See Celator, January 2000 (pp. 22-24). This may still prove to be the correct interpretation. 4674* Thrace, Kingdom of, Lysimachos, (323-281 B.C.), gold stater, (8.33 grams), Callatis mint, posthumous issue c.88- 86 B.C., obv.
  • Maternal Megalomania Langford, Julie

    Maternal Megalomania Langford, Julie

    Maternal Megalomania Langford, Julie Published by Johns Hopkins University Press Langford, Julie. Maternal Megalomania: Julia Domna and the Imperial Politics of Motherhood. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. Project MUSE. doi:10.1353/book.22479. https://muse.jhu.edu/. For additional information about this book https://muse.jhu.edu/book/22479 [ Access provided at 26 Sep 2021 19:07 GMT with no institutional affiliation ] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. MATERNAL MEGALOMANIA This page intentionally left blank MATERNAL MEGALOMANIA Julia Domna and the Imperial Politics of Motherhood JULIE LANGFORD The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2013 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2013 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data Langford, Julie, 1967– Maternal megalomania : Julia Domna and the imperial politics of motherhood / Julie Langford. pages cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-1-4214-0847-7 (hardcover : acid-free paper) — isbn 1-4214-0847-3 (hardcover : acid-free paper) – isbn 978-1-4214-0848-4 (electronic) — isbn 1-4214-0848-1 (electronic) 1. Julia Domna, Empress, consort of Severus, Lucius Septimius, Emperor of Rome, d. 217. 2. Julia Domna, Empress, consort of Severus, Lucius Septimius, Emperor of Rome, d. 217—Public opinion. 3. Rome—History—Severans, 193–235. 4. Rome—Politics and government—30 b.c.–284 a.d. 5. Motherhood—Political aspects—Rome.
  • Eleventh Session, Commencing at 9.30 Am ANCIENT GOLD COINS

    Eleventh Session, Commencing at 9.30 Am ANCIENT GOLD COINS

    Eleventh Session, Commencing at 9.30 am ANCIENT GOLD COINS 3320* Macedon, Kingdom of, Alexander III, (336-323 B.C.), gold distater, (17.09 g), Aegeae mint (?), issued 336-323 B.C., obv. head of Athena to right in crested Corinthian helmet, GREEK ornamented with serpent, rev. Nike standing to left, holding wreath in outstretched hand and ship's mast, ΛΟ monogram in left fi eld and thunderbolt in extreme left fi eld, to right ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, (S.6701, Price 191, M.5, BMC 191a-b, SNG Cop. 623, Noe Sicyon No.7, Principal Coins, IV, B.4 [p.53, Pl.29]). Well centred, trace of mint bloom, good very fi ne and rare. $15,000 3319* Sicily, Syracuse, time of Agathokles, (317-289 B.C.), electrum twenty fi ve (25) litrai, (1.82 g), issued during the Carthaginian War c.310 B.C., obv. laureate head of Apollo head with long fl owing to left, rev. ΣΥΡ[ΑΚ] ΣΙΟΝ around, lyre with fi ve strings, (S.958, Jenkins 'Electrum Coinage of Syracuse' Essays Robinson, p.155 (Pl.14), BMC 266ff, McLean 2778). Nearly very fi ne and rare. $1,500 3321* Bactria, Kingdom of, Diodotos I, (256-239 B.C.), gold stater, (8.38 g), Bactra (Balkh) mint, issued before 256 (Newell suggests c.255-246 B.C.), in name of Antiochus II, obv. diademed head of Diodotus I to right, dotted border, rev. Zeus striding to left, aegis on his extended left arm, wielding a thunderbolt, at his feet an eagle to left, wreath above, to right ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ and to left [Α]ΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ, (S.7497, cf.Newell ESM 713 (p.246, Pl.LIII, 5), M.63 variant [p.39 Vol.I]).