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Psocoptera of Muogamarra Nature Reserve

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Psocoptera of Muogamarra Nature Reserve AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS Smithers, C. N., 1977. Psocoptera of Muogamarra Nature Reserve. Records of the Australian Museum 31(7): 251–306. [31 December 1977]. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.31.1977.215 ISSN 0067-1975 Published by the Australian Museum, Sydney naturenature cultureculture discover discover AustralianAustralian Museum Museum science science is is freely freely accessible accessible online online at at www.australianmuseum.net.au/publications/www.australianmuseum.net.au/publications/ 66 CollegeCollege Street,Street, SydneySydney NSWNSW 2010,2010, AustraliaAustralia THE PSOCOPTERA OF MUOGAMARRA NATURE RESERVE by C. N. SMITHERS The Australian Museum, Sydney SUMMARY In a preliminary study Psocoptera were periodically collected from eight habitats in Muogamarra Nature Reserve, near Sydney. Forty-three species were taken of which fifteen are described as new. Rainforest and Casuarina habitats yielded the greatest variety of species. Populations were highest in summer on Casuarina and showed little seasonal variation in rainforest; dry sclerophyll habitats, on the other hand, yielded greater populations in winter than summer. In each habitat one or two species were dominant. Acacia floribunda and Eucalyptus spp. were poorest in species and specimens. INTRODUCTION During the latter part of 1973 and through most of 1974 collections of Psocoptera were made at intervals from selected habitats in Muogamarra Nature Reserve. Psocoptera had not previously been recorded from the Reserve. The object of the work was to ascertain which species were present and to obtain some indication of any gross habitat preferences or seasonal fluctuations in numbers, if any, as a basis for planning future, more detailed, biological and ecological work. The basic information necessary for rational planning of such work has not been available for Australian species and very little appropriate work which might be applicable to Australian conditions has been done elsewhere. This paper presents the results of a preliminary survey. MUOGAMARRA NATURE RESERVE Muogamarra Nature Reserve is an area of broken Hawkesbury sandstone country covering about 2,300 hectares situated near Cowan, 38 kilometres north of Sydney. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Highway and on the west by the irregular shores of Berowra Water, a tributary of the Hawkesbury River. In the north, the curving Hawkesbury River itself forms the boundary and in the south, residential areas adjoin the border of the Reserve. Most of the Reserve carries vegetation cover of dry sclerophyll forest with some heathlike areas on flatter hilltops. The vegetation of the area has been described by Pidgeon (1938). In altitude the land rises from virtually sea level to almost 200 metres. Records of the Australian Museum, 1977 Vol. 31 No. 7, 251-306, Figures 1-98. 252 C. N. SMITHERS LIST OF SPECIES OF PSOCOPTERA FROM MUOGAMARRA NATURE RESERVE The following species have been taken from Muogamarra Nature Reserve during the present survey. LEPIDOPSOCIDAE Echmepteryx (Loxopholia) brunnea Smithers Echmepteryx (Thylacopsis) picta sp.n. CAECILlIDAE Caecilius macrostigma Enderlein Caecilius lineatus sp.n. Caecilius pteridii sp.n. Paracaecilius hylobius sp.n. Enderleinel/a g/obic/ypeus (Enderlein) comb. novo ?Caeciliid gen. et sp.n. STENOPSOCIDAE Taeniostigma trickettae Smithers ECTOPSOCIDAE Ectopsocus californicus (Banks) Ectopsocus punctatus Thornton and Wong Ectopsocus perplexus sp.n. Ectopsocus pteridii sp.n. Ectopsocus parmatus sp.n. Ectopsocus russulus sp.n. Ectopsocus albiceps sp.n. PERIPSOCIDAE Peripsocus milleri (Tillyard) Peripsocus maoricus (Tillyard) Peripsocus til/yardi New Peripsocus hamiltonae sp.n. Peripsocus roseus sp.n. PSEUDOCAECILlIDAE Pseudocaecilius lachlani Enderlein Heterocaecilius bruneI/us (Tillyard) Lobocaecilius monicus Lee and Thornton Pseudoscottiel/a tanei sp.n. PHILOTARSIDAE Aaroniel/a rawlingsi Smithers Austropsocus viridis (Enderlein) Austropsocus tibialis Thornton and New PSOCOPTERA OF MUOGAMARRA NATURE RESERVE 253 Haplophallus ornatus Thornton and New Haplophallus sinus Thornton and New Haplophallus guttatus (Tillyard) ELlPSOCIDAE Spilopsocus ruidis Smithers Paedomorpha gayi Smithers PSOCIDAE Blaste tillyardi Smithers Blaste taylori New B/aste (Lasiopsocus) michaelseni (Enderlein) Copostigma (Clematostigma) latimentula sp.n. Copostigma (Clematostigma) paula sp.n. Ptycta muogamarra sp.n. Sigmatoneura Formosa (Banks) Trichadenotecnum enderleini (Roesler) MYOPSOCIDAE Phlotodes australis (Brauer) Ph/otodes furcatus (Smithers) DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF PSOCOPTERA FROM MUOGAMARRA NATURE RESERVE In the lists of material examined given below, collectors are indicated by initials as follows: C N. Smithers (CN.S.), Aletta S. Smithers (A.S.S.), Graeme F. Smithers (G.F.S.), Hartley G. Smithers (H.G.S.) and Robyn D. Brewer (R.D.B.). Material is desposited in the Australian Museum (AM) and the Australian National Insect Collection (ANIC). I n the descriptions the following abbreviations are used: F (femur); T (tibia); t1 , t 2 , t3 (first, second and third tarsal segments); rt (ratio of tarsal segment lengths); ct (number of ctenidiobothria on tarsal segments); f1 , f2 (lengths of first and second flagellar segments); 10lD and PO (eye measurement ratios) are measured using the method of Badonnel, i.e.IO = distance across vertex between the eyes, D = eye diameterfrom front to back as seen from above, P = transverse width of eye seen from above (see Ball, 1943). LEPIDOPSOCIDAE Echmepteryx (Loxopholia) brunnea Smithers Echmepteryx (Loxopholia) brunnea Smithers 1965. J. ent. Soc. Qd 4:75, figs. 11-16. MATERIAL EXAMINED: Muogamarra Nature Reserve, N.S.W. 2~ , I.xi. 1973 (CN.S.)i 1 ~, 29.xi.1973 (CN.S., G.F.S.); 1 ~ , 28.ii.1974 (CN.S., A.S.S.); 1 ~ , 1 if ,.22.iii.1974 (CN.S., A.S.S.); 1 if, 23.v.1974 (CN.S.); 1 nymph, 9.vii.1974 (CN.S., R.D.B.); 1 if, f nymph, 18.vii.1974 (CN.S., A.S.S.); 1 ~ ,1 nymph, 18.vii.1974 (CN.S., A.S.S.); 1 ~ l1 nymph, 19.ix.1974 (CN.S.); 1 if, 1 nymph, 23.viii.1974 (CN.S., A.S.S.) (AM). 254 C. N. SMITHERS Echmepteryx (Thylacopsis) picta sp. n. MALE COLORATION: (in alcohol). Head pale buff with a distinct brown pattern (fig. 1). Median epicranial suture dark brown, anterior arms pale brown. labrum black in distal half, white in proximal half, the white area divided by a median black stripe running from the base of the labrum to the black distal area. Genae pale buff with a brown posterior,' longitudinal patch which runs from just below the compound eye to the base of the mandible; a brown mark runs from compound eye to join the brown circle surrounding antenna base. Antennae brown. Eyes grey with brown markings. Ocelli each with a black pigmented area on the side nearest the junction of the median and anterior arms of the epicranial suture. Maxillary pal ps brown with the apex of the second and third segments white. Mesonotum brown. legs all similarly coloured; femora pale brown on external face, becoming a little darker near distal end. Tibiae pale with two dark brown bands of width equal to the intervening paler parts of the tibiae; basal tarsal segment dark brown basally, pale in distal half, second and third segments brown. Fore wing membrane (fig. 2) grey with some hyaline, colourless areas. Veins various shades of grey-brown depending on development. Hind wing (fig. 3) hyaline, veins brown; abdomen pale with irregular, segmentally arranged, brown marks dorsally and lateroventrally. MORPHOLOGY: length of body: 2.5 mm. Epicranial suture very distinct. Vertex fairly sharp, head flattened with postclypeus only slightly bulbous. Vertex with strongly developed setae, similar setae scattered over rest of head with a denser grouping between compound eye and antenna base. Antennae with at least 38 segments and at least 2.2 mm long. lacinia (fig. 4). Measurements of hind leg: F: 0.70 mm; T: 1.15 mm t1: 0.69 mm; t2: 0.11 mm; t3: O.OB mm; rt: 6.3:1:0.73; fore wing length: 2.5 mm; fore wing width 0.72 mm. Fore wings almost parallel-sided for basal three-quarters, the anterior and posterior margins converging in distal quarter to the pointed apex. Veins poorly developed except for M + Cu1, M, Rs + M and Rs which are more strongly developed. This gives the appearance of a well-developed, median, longitudinal supporting vein in the basal half of the wing. Fore wing clothed with mostly asymmetrical scales interspersed with well developed setae, the marginal setae near the wing apex bearing small sharp points along one side. Hind wing length: 2.24 mm; hind wing width: 0.52 mm. Hind wing (fig. 3) with margins converging to pointed apex in distal third. In left wing of holotype M1 and M2 arise independently, in right wing they arise from a very short common stem. Veins, except Sc, CU2 and lA well developed. Epiproct (fig. 5) lightly sclerotized, setose. Paraproct (fig. 5) a little more heavily sclerotized than epiproct and bearing six setae with rosette basesin addition to other scattered setae. Hypandrium (fig. 6) with posterior median emargination. Phallosome (fig. 7). FEMALE: - Unknown. MATERiAL EXAMINED: Muogamarra Nature Reserve, N.S.W. 1 c!' (holotype), 1B.vii.1974 (CN.S., A.S.S.). (AM). Holotype in the Australian Museum. DISCUSSION: Echmepteryx (Thy/acopsis) picta differs from E. (T.) madagascariensis (Kolbe) and E. (T.) pallida Smithers, the other Australian members of the subgenus Thy/acopsis Enderlein, in its distinctive facial pattern. In E. (T.) pallida the head is pale with a sinuous, reddish brown band across the front of the head and in E. (T.) madagascariensis the head is pale with darker labrum and postclypeus. PSOCOPTERA OF MUOGAMARRA NATURE RESERVE 255 4 6 FIGURES 1-7. -Echmepteryx (Thy/acopsis) picta sp. n.1.o"head, 2.d'forewing, 3.d'hindwing, 4.0" lacinia, 5.o"epiproct and paraproct, 6.o"hypandrium, 7.d'phaliosome. 256 C. N. SMITHERS CAECILlIDAE Caecilius macrostigma Enderlein Caecifius macrostigma Enderlein 1903. Ann. hist. -nat. Mus. hung.1 :272, pi. VII, fig. 37.
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