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Allen, William A I N T ROD U C T ION This project is a study of the changes in Bridgeport neighborhoods from the viewpoint of selected Black residents during the historical periods of World War I, the Depression, World War II, and the 1960·s. By means of interviews, we have investigated the social and economic effects of each period on Black Bridgeporters. All persons interviewed have resided in Bridgeport during at least three of the targeted periods. We attempted to explore how their families, friends, and neighbors were affected during those turbulent times. We discovered the changes that occurred on their jobs, in their neighborhoods and in the city as a whole. This kit contains a transcript and a tape recording of the , interview along with suggested activities that are best suited for grades 5-8 and adaptable for high school students. AAEA Education Committee Members! De~ise Foster-Bey Susan Golson David Hicks Gwendolyn Johnson James Johnson Juanita wright Frances Judson, Cnairman Consultants: John Sutherland, Ph. D. David Palmquist, Curator PERSONAL DATA William A. Allen P. O. Box 6291, Bridgeport Born: November 29, 1911 - Washington, N. C. to Annie and Albert Allen Spouse: Sybil O. Allen Children: Ten Education: High School Profession: Bail Bondsman, Real Estate Travel: Continental United States Church, New Hope Baptist Organizations, New Era Lodge #190, Elks "A Study of Bridgeport Neighborhoods: A Black perspective, 1900 -- Present" Interview by: Juanita Wright Interview with: William Allen Date: Fall 1983 Allen Page 1 JW: Mr. Allen, we are really interested in the place where you were born, your date of birth, when you came to Bridgeport, and the neighborhood you lived in. Could you tell me some of those things? WA: Neighborhood -­ you mean of different cities? JW: Of Bridgeport, really. Your early life. Where were you born? WA: I was born in Washington, North Carolina, on November the 9th, 1911. JW: when did you come to Bridgeport, Mr. Allen? WA: 1920. I come here from Portsmouth, Virginia. I left North Carolina when I was three years old. We Came to [unclear] in Portsmouth. JW: When you Came to Bridgeport, did you come with your mother and father? WA: I came with my mother. JW: with your mother. Could you tell me something about where you lived when you first came here? WA: Yes, I lived on the East Side of town. The number was 87 Clarence Street, the address. JW: Did you go to school when you first came here? WA: Oh, yes. I went to Waltersville School. [That] was the first school I went to. JW: Could you tell me something about the Blacks that were in school with you at that time? WA: Honestly, at Waltersville at that time I didn't know any Blacks. JW: You were just about the only Black that was in the Allen . Page 2 school in the early age? WA: That's all I can recall -- my sister and I. JW: That was about what -- 1920? WA: 1921. JW: In your neighborhood itself. were there many Blacks? WA: Mostly Portuguese. My step-father's Portuguese. too. JW: What was your step-father's name? WA: John DeMathis Gonzalez. JW: How far in school did you go when you were in? WA; I went to eighth grade at Barnum School. JW; So you left Waltersvi11e and went directly to Barnum? WA: No. I was in plenty schools. JW: Would you give me some of them? WA: Sure. I went to Waltersville. I went to Prospect. and there's the one on Wheeler Avenue JW: Wheeler Avenue School? WA; Wheeler Avenue. yes. That's Shelton School. Then to Barnum School. to Felix School, and back to Barnum. JW: During all those years that you were in school there, there were very few Blacks? WA: No, I was speaking of Waltersville. the first one I went to. But thereafter I was with Black students. JW; What kind of activities did you have in school that you took part in? WA: Most things that were active: sports, soccer, basketball, baseball. Allen Page 3 JW: You did take a part in those things? WA: Sure. JW: As a Black in school during that time, you were able to take a part in most of the activities that were in the school? WA: yes, parades and such. JW: You went to school until you were in the eighth grade and you graduated from Barnum at the eighth grade? WA: I quit. JW: You quit in the eighth grade. Then after you quit school, what did you actually do? What did you go into individually? WA: I went to work, went to the Brass shop. Then I got laid off from there and then I just traveled throughout the country. JW: About how old were you when you left eighth grade? WA: I was fifteen years old. JW: Fifteen and you were able to get a job? WA: Well, I didn't come right out of school then go right to work. I was looking for work but I worked like on ice trucks, coal trucks, and such. JW: Let's go back and talk about your mother for a moment. What did she do? What was her position? Did she work or was she --? WA: No, she was a housewife. JW: She was a housewife. What church did she attend when she was here? What church did she go to? Alle n . page 4 WA: I think it was Mount Aery, then she went to Bethel. When she passed, she was a member over to First Baptist. JW: First Baptist. Now, you said Mount Aery -­ about what year was that? WA: That was back like '22. Reverend Wilson was the pastor. JW: Of Mount Aery? WA: He was the founder of the church. JW: Where was Mount Aery located during that time? WA: Over on wallace Street. JW: It was on Wallace Street, just as it has been for years? WA: Well, it wasn't -- it was across the street from the new one. JW: It was across the street? WA: Yes. JW: Because they've built another church now, a newer church. So the old church is the one where they were across the street from? WA: There's a lot there now. JW: But the original church? WA: Was across from the new church that they built across the street. JW: So your mother was a member of Mount Aery during that year. Were you active in the church during that time? WA: I've always been active in the church to a certain extent in my younger years. Allen Page 5 JW: In having the church as a part of your home life, is that where most of the activity for the Black community surrounded, by the church? WA: Well, I'll tell you, in Bridgeport there was no such thing as that -­ to my knowledge -­ as a Black community. They were spread out all over Bridgeport just like they are now. JW: Let's go into the World War II period and see what you remember about that. Were you married at a early age or did you do your courting and whatnot during that time? WA: [unclear) I was first married when I was twenty­ four. It was '34. JW: Back in 1934. Did you have any children from that marriage? WA: No. JW: Could you tell me something about the war period? Or even the Depression, I'd be interested in that. WA: Yes, during the war period there was nothing happening other than the things that I know [unclear] But during the Depression, those were the tight years. I was in the C.C.C. camp during that time. There was the camp in East Lyme, l077th Company it was called and it was in East Lyme. I did my time there. It was first year and then I re-enlist and I had a little misfortune there in my second year I spent there. I was thrown out. So, I went to traveling. I was called a -­ I was Allen Page 6 riding trains -­ I WaS hoboing. Yes, a hobo. Just for a couple a years. But I always came back to Bridgeport when it was cold season. JW: During the time you were in C.C. camp, was that to help your family? Were you able to help your parents? WA: yes, the government sent help. You got a dollar a day. That's thirty dollars a month. They'd send twenty-five dollars home. JW: To your family? WA: yes. And they gave us five dollars. JW: yes. Were you still living, your family still living in the same place on the East Side? WA: No, they lived on Wallace Street, across the street from the church. JW: yOU did live on Wallace Street. During the Depression years, you went to C.C. camp, but do you remember anything about being at home and people getting •. ~ together to have their meals together or anything like that? WA: Yes. [unclear] JW: Did anybody come in -­ other people come in to eat with your family or anything? WA: Mostly like on weekends. Sunday evening when we'd come from church, some men from outside. We didn't have many relatives. JW: yOU had no relatives in Bridgeport? WA: NO. JW: So you didn't have any extended familY to have to Allen Page 7 come in and eat and live with you? WA: That's right. JW: You say there was ten members, ten children -- of your children.
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