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The Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs The Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Activity 29162 - HALO Humanitarian Mine Action and Cluster Ammunition Activities 2016-2020 Annual Report Afghanistan 1 September 2016 - 31 December 2017 Total grant: USD 6,135,442 Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Inputs ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 Personnel .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Equipment................................................................................................................................................. 3 Country Context ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Outputs and Outcomes ................................................................................................................................. 5 Outputs & Outcomes table ....................................................................................................................... 8 Impact ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 Sustainability of Outcomes ..................................................................................................................... 10 Gender Equality ...................................................................................................................................... 11 Coordination with National Authorities and Local Partners .................................................................. 12 Innovation ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Risks ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 Political/Security ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Security/Operations ................................................................................................................................ 14 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 14 Annex A: Case Study ................................................................................................................................... 15 History of Mine Laying ............................................................................................................................ 15 Haji Sartor’s Story ................................................................................................................................... 15 HALO and the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs .......................................................................... 17 Annex B: Theory of Change ........................................................................................................................ 18 Annex C: Metrics Table with Outputs as reported in IATI .......................................................................... 19 www.halotrust.org 1 Executive Summary Through the mine clearance activities funded by the Netherlands, HALO has been able to provide immediate physical protection to Afghanistan’s most vulnerable communities, promote a culture of peace and stability, assist victims of mine accidents and improve rural livelihoods. This progress report covers all activities funded by the Netherlands from 1 September 2016 to 31 December 2017. During this period, HALO conducted manual and mechanical clearance, explosive ordnance disposal (EOD), survey, mine risk education (MRE), and impact monitoring. In cooperation with local partner organization, Accessibility Organization for Afghan Disabled (AOAD), victims of mine and ERW accidents were provided with vocational training to enhance their position in society and improve access to employment opportunities. HALO’s activities were conducted predominately by staff recruited from mine-impacted communities, providing employment on a long-term basis to the rural poor and facilitating security for their communities. Funding by the Netherlands supported the deployment of 18 manual mine demining teams, one mechanical demining team, one community outreach risk education (CORE) team and one weapons and ammunition disposal (WAD) team. These teams achieved the following results: 273.3 ha of land cleared and released to rural communities 409 anti-personnel (AP) and 22 anti-tank (AT) mines found and destroyed 93 items of unexploded ordnance (UXO) found and destroyed 9,461 men, women, boys and girls benefited directly from clearance 26,339 men, women, boys and girls benefited indirectly from clearance 300 MRE sessions providing life-saving information to 6,305 attendees Victim assistance provided by AOAD to 47 mine/ERW survivors and/or their direct family members The land released by mine clearance funded by the Netherlands enabled safe access to productive resources and provided new sources of income for rural mine-impacted communities. The majority of land cleared this year is used for grazing, foraging, and crop cultivation. Improved household income derived through employment as deminers as well as access to safe grazing and agricultural land contributed to increased human security by enhancing resilience to economic and natural shocks and reducing the likelihood that men of the targeted communities will participate in armed conflict, narcotics trafficking and insurgency, contributing directly to NL Policy Framework sub-goals 1.1 and 1.3. 2 www.halotrust.org Inputs Personnel To date, funding by the Netherlands provided employment for 162 qualified Afghan staff. This reporting period, 18 manual clearance teams of six people (a total of 108 people) and one mechanical demining team of six people were deployed for 16 months. Additionally, one CORE team with EOD capacity of five people was deployed for nine months and one WAD team of seven people for 12 months. 21 support staff and 11 senior operational staff supported these teams from the start of the NL funded mechanical clearance in Laghman province, Afghanistan – contract up to now. September 2017 Out of the 108 manual deminers, 71 were newly recruited from mine-impacted communities and underwent a basic demining training course during the first month of the project. Additionally, training was provided to the newly recruited members of the CORE team, of which two are female. No problems occurred in the deployment of teams during the reporting period. Equipment As a result of existing program equipment stocks, there was little requirement to purchase high value capital equipment. The only major purchase with a value exceeding 5,000 USD were 233 visors. Other vital demining equipment such as body armor and detectors currently used by NL funded demining teams were purchased on previous contracts. Country Context Afghanistan remains one of the world’s most fragile countries as chronic humanitarian needs persist throughout much of its territory and ongoing clashes between armed opposition groups (AOGs) and the government continue to destabilize the country. In a report released by the UN Secretary-General in August 2017 on the strategic review of the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), it was stated Table illustrating the number of armed clashes per year. Source: 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview, UNOCHA. www.halotrust.org 3 “Afghanistan is not in a post conflict situation […] but a country undergoing a conflict that shows few signs of abating”. The statement is based on an increase in armed attacks. The table above extracted from the 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) produced by UNOCHA depicts the rise in frequency of armed clashes over the past decade. Additionally, this reporting period, Kabul witnessed one of the deadliest attacks in years when a truck bomb exploded in a crowded intersection of the green zone near the German embassy on 31 May 2017, killing over 150 and injuring more than 400. Despite deterioration of security, no incidents involving HALO staff or equipment occurred during the project period. HALO’s senior management continue to closely monitor the situation in coordination with national authorities and local community elders to ensure safety and security of staff and equipment, as well as to retain access and operational safety within the communities HALO is working in. Persistent fighting between AOGs and the government continues to displace thousands of people across the country. Since the beginning of 2017, 202,109 people fled their homes in search of safety. There is also a large influx of refugees returning to Afghanistan from Pakistan and Iran. According to the 2018 HNO, the intensification of conflict in many parts of the country has caused returnees to become secondarily displaced or forced to settle in areas other than
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