ABEP-UK 2015-2016
President Armando M.B. de CASTRO
Vice-President Valdir ERMIDA
Executive Director Tatiana MARTINEZ
Finance Director Vitor MORENO
Project Director Billy GRAEFF
Project Director Geraldo Marques de OLIVEIRA www.abep.org.uk [email protected]
VIII ABEP-UK CONFERENCE COLLABORATORS coordination & chairmanship Armando M. B. de CASTRO & Vitor MORENO scientific committee & co-chairmanship Valdir ERMIDA & Billy GRAEFF publicity & promotion & website Lucas G. S. FRANÇA & Tatiana MARTINEZ graphical design & edition Vanissa WANICK photography Sergio ESPERANCINHA volunteers Thomas HERMANN
TABLE OF CONTENTS China’s Central-Local Relations And The Developmental State ...... 7 Exercise Training As Heart Failure Treatment – Basic Mechanisms Underlying Modulation ...... 10 Stonecrabs Tieta - From The Iconic 800-Page Novel To A Dark Comic Play Using Music, Storytelling And Breaking-Form Theatre ...... 12 Porous Degradable Polymer Microspheres For Drug Delivery ...... 14 Cuidado Integral Às Pessoas Com Doença Falciforme No Brasil E Inglaterra: Potencialidades E Desafios Aos Sistemas De Saúde ...... 16 Predicting Virus-Host Interactions Using ...... 18 Evolutionary And Structural Approaches ...... 18 Effects Of Stress On Cognitive Function ...... 20 A Contribution To The Design Of Learning In Massive Open Online Courses . 23 Climate Warming, N-Fertilisation And Above-Ground Biomass Removal Interact To Affect C And N Cycling And Ghg Emissions From Temperate Grassland Soil...... 25 The Influence Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Flexibility And Jump Performance In Dancers: Interactions With Mtu Structural And Functional Characteristics . 27 Currency Hierarchy And Internationalisation: Determinants And Implications For Monetary Policy In Brazil ...... 30 Pelé, Romário And Ronaldo: The 2014 Fifa World Cup And The Social Trajectory Of Former Brazilian Football Stars...... 33 Representation And Integration: The Logic Of Regional Parliaments Around The World ...... 38 Vinasse Application And Cessation Of Burning In Sugarcane Management Can Have Positive Impact On Soil Carbon Stocks ...... 41 O Sample Como Enunciação Ideológica No Discurso Da Canção De Periferia 43 Microfossils and how they put fuel in your car ...... 45 New Approaches To Develop Novel Leptospirosis Vaccines ...... 47 Multilayer Membranes For Intermediate Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells At Low Humidity ...... 49 The Geographies Of Academic Conferences On Regional Development In Brazil, 1986-2013 ...... 51 Calvarial osteogenesis at the neural-crest mesoderm interface ...... 53 A Brazilian Writer In The War: Antonio Callado’s English Years During The Second World War...... 55 Literature Review: The Most Common Metastasis Mechanisms ...... 57 The untold story of financial exclusion in Brazil: a realist approach to the origins and determinants of financial practices in low income communities. . 63
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 3 Carbon Capture Process Via Adsorption Technology ...... 65 Food Waste Valorization: Drivers & Opportunities ...... 67 Domination Strategies In Struggles Over Mega-Events’ Development Projects: The Rio De Janeiro And The Johannesburg Cases ...... 69 Is Brazil’s Research Up-To-Date? Evolution Of Country Image Studies ...... 71 Rural Geography And Globalization: Building A Theoretical Approach From Brazil In The Contemporary World ...... 74 Chemical Analysis Of Trace Elements In Yerba Mate ...... 76 Towards A Dance Highlighted By Shadow And Darkness ...... 77 Dançando Com A Própria Sombra ...... 80 The Natural Threat Of Uranium In Outcrop Rocks: The Case Of São José De Espinharas - Hinterland Of The Porto De Suape/Brazil ...... 82 A Feasibility Study Of A Group-Based Model To Deliver Postnatal Care In Socially Disadvantaged Communities ...... 84 Investigating the effects of pharmacological blockade of PPAR-α and PPAR- β/δ on formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour, fear-conditioned analgesia and conditioned fear in the presence of nociceptive tone in rats...... 87 Addressing Food Security In A Changed Climate By Understanding Wheat Yield Improvement ...... 89 Uso Do Discurso Do Sujeito Coletivo Como Ferramenta De Análise Em Pesquisas Acerca Da Psicodinâmica Do Trabalho ...... 91 Martim Goncalves – Bridges And Networks Between Brazil And Uk In The Following Ii World War ...... 93 Race And Colour Shaping "Otherness": The Voice Of Migrants Black Brazilian Women In The Uk ...... 95 Universal Church and Domestic Violence Services in Brazil: The Fight over ‘Gender’ and Implications for Victims of Violence and Brazilian Secularism ... 97 Exploring bondaries in many-particle quantum systems ...... 99 Academic Vocabulary: An Analysis Of How Brazilian Students Write Academic English ...... 101 Evaluation Of Long-Term Function In Animals After Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ...... 103 Small Farmers And Land Concentration: Perspectives And Law ...... 105 eSports and Olympic Games: situational analysis of Rio 2016 case study .... 108 Sports Mega-events and Tourism Destination Image of Brazil: Foreigners’ Intentions to Attend the 2016 Olympic Games ...... 110 Sports Mega-events and Advergames: an analysis of Mario and Sonic in Rio 2016 Olympic Games ...... 112 The Understanding Of Critical Thinking Trough’s Construction Under The Use Of Digital Technology Devices: A Theory Proposed By Cybernetics Science 114
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 4 Ferdinand Rebay’s Chamber Sonatas: Context, Analysis, Performance And Reception...... 116 Estudo Comparativo De Sais Do Neurotransmissor Tiramina ...... 118 Vitamin D Supplementation In Brazilian Women Living In Opposite Latitudes (The D-Sol Study) ...... 121 Climate And Carbon Cycle Dynamics In The Eocene-Oligocene Boundary Based On Palynological Analyses From Mississippi, Gulf Coast Plain ...... 123 Habitat Use, Environmental Drivers and Connectivity of fishes among nearshore habitats ...... 125 Sustainable Epoxy Resins For Maritime Application: Project Overview And Preliminary Results ...... 128 Differentially expressed genes in high grade ovarian serous carcinoma of responsive and non-responsive patients to chemotherapy ...... 131 Interaction Between Cognitive Ability, Energetics And Personality In Hermit Crab ...... 133 Obesity: Is This Global Epidemic Also Leading To Cancer? ...... 135 Eural Correlates Of Number Processing In Infants And Children Born Very Preterm ...... 137 Minimum Shielding Gas Flow Rate Analysis In Gmaw Process ...... 139 Development, Reliability And Validity Of The Self-Regulation Of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (Srebq) For Adults ...... 141 From London 2012 To Rio 2016: Sport And Physical Activity Promotion And The Olympic Games ...... 143 Poster presentation: ...... 145 Name of the author(s)/Institution: ...... 145 Individual Acceptability Of Positive Incentives For Sustainable Mobility Behaviour: A Segmentation Approach In Curitiba, Brazil ...... 147 The Role Of Forensic Toxicology: A Focus On The Nbome Drugs And Novel Extraction Methods ...... 151 Development of nano-in-micro dry powder formulations for pulmonary delivery using a supercritical fluid technology ...... 153 Neuroinflammation In The Thalamus: Could It Point To Central Post Stroke Pain? ...... 155 James Joyce And The Presence Of Milton ...... 158 Developing Novel Sustainable Functional Food Ingredients ...... 160 Demonology And Evil Beings From Ancient Times: Investigating The Dead Sea Scrolls ...... 163 Circulating Tumour Cells: A Multifunctional Biomarker ...... 165 Análises Espaço E Espaço-Temporal Dos Casos Novos De Hanseníase No Estado Do Paraná ...... 169
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 5 Tradition and technology: Mapping shifting cartographies of Afro-Brazilian memory and heritage in Rio de Janeiro’s port region ...... 171 Development of a novel biological approach for dentine repair ...... 173 Analysis Of Pharmaceuticals Toxicological Effects On Algae...... 174
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 6 CHINA’S CENTRAL-LOCAL RELATIONS AND THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE Alexandre De Podestá Gomes
PhD Candidate in Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London [email protected]
Abstract: According to some accounts, the Chinese economic growth since the early 1980s could be framed through the lenses of the Developmental State theory and the East Asian Model. In this sense, China would be one more country following the strategy successfully devised by the post-war Japan and emulated by other East Asian countries. Nevertheless, when looking at the Chinese experience, many caveats arise. The impressive Chinese record on economic growth in the last three decades has been accompanied by an embracement of ‘globalization’ and also by devolution of power towards local governments. Albeit the Chinese national state remains a dominant agent in decision-making, especially when it comes to industrial (technological) upgrading, the ‘policy space’ has re-scaled to both the global level (multinational corporations play an important role on China’s economy) and to the local level. Therefore, we must assess the issue of the central government state capabilities and the corporate coherence of the national bureaucracy. If the party-state is able to oversight/monitor local cadres and discipline rent-recipients (economic rents created by the state’s industrial policies), policy implementation, as envisaged by the central level, can occur with minor deviations. If not, rent-seeking behaviour and corruption are likely to become widespread, thwarting the state’s ability to steer national (industrial) projects of accumulation. In this sense, the analyses of the so-called central-local relations deserve a fundamental place in studying the case of China as a developmental state.
Keywords: Central-Local Relations, Chinese Economy, Developmental State, Rent-Seeking, Industrial Policies
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References: Amsden, A. (2009) “Firm Ownership, FOE’s and POE’s”. United Nations University, UNU- WIDER. Research Paper No. 2009/46. November 2009. Amsden, A. & Chu, W. (2003) “Beyond Late Development: Taiwan’s Upgrading Policies”. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Aoki, M. (1990) “Toward an Economic Model of the Japanese Firm”, Journal of Economic Literature, 1990, vol.28 (1), March 1990, pp.1-27;
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 7 Baek, Seung-Wook (2005) “Does China Follow "the East Asian Development Model"? Journal of Contemporary Asia; 2005; 35, 4; pg. 485 – 498 Beeson, Mark (2009) “Developmental States in East Asia: A Comparison of the Japanese and Chinese Experiences”. Asian Perspective, Vol.33, No.2, 2009, Pg. 5-39. Bolesta, A. (2007) “China as a Developmental State”. Montenegrin Journal of Economics Nº5, pg. 105 – 111 Breslin (2012) “Government-Industry Relations in China: A Review of the Art of the State” (Chapter 2). In: Walter, A. & Zhang, Xiaoke “East Asian Capitalism” (2012). Caldeira, Emilie (2012) “Yardstick Competition in a Federation: theory and evidence from China”. China Economic Review (December 2012) Cao, C., Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (2011) “Developmental State and Innovation: Nanotechnology in China” Global Networks, 11, 3 (2011) 298–314 Cumings, B. (1999) “Web with no Spiders, Spiders with no Webs: The Genealogy of the Developmental State” In: The Developmental State Chang, H.J. (1999) “The Economic Theory of the Developmental State” In: The Developmental State Chang, H.J (2006) “The East Asian Development Experience: The Miracle, the Crisis and the Future”. Zed Books Ltd., New York, NY. Edin, Maria (2003) “State Capacity and Local Agent Control in China: CCP Cadre Management from a Township perspective”. The China Quarterly, No. 173 (Mar., 2003), pp. 35-52 Evans, P. (1989) “Predatory, Developmental and other Apparatuses: A Comparative Analysis of the Third World State”. Sociological Forum. Vol.4, No. 4, 1989 Fine, B. (2013) “Beyond the Developmental State: An Introduction” In: Fine, Saraswati & Tavasci (Eds) “Beyond the Developmental State”. Pluto Press, London. Gerlach, Michael (1989) “Keiretsu Organization in the Japanese Economy: Analysis and Trade Implication” In: Johnson, C., Tyson, L., & Zysman, J. (Eds) “Politics and Productivity: How Japan’s Development Strategy Works”. Ballinger Publishing Company. Howell, J. (2006) “Reflections on the Chinese State”. Development and Change, 37 (2): 273- 297 Johnson, C. (1982) “MITI and the Japanese Miracle”. Stanford University Press. Johnson, C. (1995) “Japan: Who Governs? The Rise of the Developmental State” Johnson, C. (1999) “The Developmental State: Odyssey of a Concept” In: The Developmental State Kay, Cristobal (2002), ‘Why East Asia overtook Latin America: Agrarian Reform, Industrialisation and Development’, Third World Quarterly, vol 23 (6), pp. 1073-1102
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 8 Lin, J., Hahn, D., Lee, K. (2002) “Is China Following the East Asian Model? A ‘Comparative Institutional Analysis’ Perspective”. The China Review, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 2002), 85-120 Lazonick, W. (2004) “Indigenous Innovation and Economic Development: Lessons from China’s Leap into the Information Age”, Industry and Innovation, 11:4, 273-297 Lo, Dic (2003) “China, the ‘East Asian Model’ and Late Development”. Department of Economics Working Papers No.131. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Lo, D. & Wu, M. (2014) ‘The state and industrial policy in Chinese economic development’, in J.M. Salazar-Xirinachs, I. Nübler, and R. Kozul-Wright eds. Transforming Economies: Making Industrial Policy Work for Growth, Jobs and Development, Geneva, International Labour Office Nolan, Peter (2004) “China at the Crossroads”. Polity Press and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Pirie (2013) “Globalization and the Decline of the Developmental State”, In Fine, B., Saraswati, J. and Tavasci, D. eds. Beyond the Developmental State, Pluto Press Poon, D. (2012) “China's move up the value chain: Implications for Canada”, Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 18:3, 319-339 Wade, Robert (1990) “Governing the Market”. Princeton: Princeton University Press Wade, Robert (2005) “Bringing the State Back In: Lessons from East Asia’s Development Experience”. IPG, 2005 White, Gordon (1993) “Riding the Tiger: The Politics of Economic Reform in Post-Mao China”. Stanford University Press. Stanford, California. Woo-Cumings, M. (1999) “Introduction – Chalmers Johnson and the Politics of Nationalism and Development” In: The Developmental State
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 9 EXERCISE TRAINING AS HEART FAILURE TREATMENT – BASIC MECHANISMS UNDERLYING MODULATION Aline R. Bezerra Gurgel, Michael Dunne, Godfrey Smith, Ole Kemi.
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences. College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, West Medical Building - University of Glasgow G12 8QQ [email protected]
Abstract: Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome resulting from the inability of the cardiac pump to satisfy the energy requirements of the body. Projections show that the global prevalence of HF will increase 46% between 2012 and 2030, resulting in more than 8 million individuals above the age of 18 years with HF. This syndrome is the outstanding cause of hospitalization in South America and considering the Brazilian scenario, the DATA-SUS records illustrate that in 2012 there were 26,694 deaths in Brazil as a result of HF. Among 1.137.572 admissions related to circulatory diseases in that same year, around 21% were associated to HF. The failing heart induces neurohormonal activation that alters cardiac and skeletal muscle function and morphology, leading to a clinical state of generalized metabolic myopathy, exertional fatigue and energetic collapse. In this way, patients with HF can experience diminished exercise tolerance, worsening in health and well-being, which contributes to reduced quality of life. Exercise training is emerging as an important intervention in the HF treatment, since it reduces the incidence morbidity and mortality in patients on optimal pharmacological therapy. In this study, we explore the underlying causes of improvement following exercise training after onset of myocardial infarction-induced HF. Controlled chronic high-intensity aerobic treadmill running or untrained control was administered 4 weeks after induction of coronary artery ligation resulting in myocardial infarction and subsequent HF in rats. This previously established intensity-controlled treadmill exercise protocols mimic human adaptations. Exercise training showed to increase aerobic capacity and cardiac activity by ameliorating autonomic mechanisms and so, unloading the heart through vascular and skeletal muscle improvements. Exercise training showed to be capable to improve global heart function, restore exercise and ventilatory capacity, and partly reverse the classical cellular alterations observed in failing hearts. In this perspective, to integrate exercising training programs in the management of HF patients with acceptable inclusion criteria, can be a secure and non- costly approach, since its effects on clinical manifestations and quality of life showed to benefit cardiac and skeletal muscle functions.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 10 Keywords: Cardiac muscle, Exercise training, Heart Failure, Skeletal muscle.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References: BREATHE. Racionalidade e métodos: estudo BREATHE - I registro brasileiro de insuficiência cardíaca. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. [online]. 2013, vol.100, n.5 pp.390-394. Available from:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 11 STONECRABS TIETA - FROM THE ICONIC 800-PAGE NOVEL TO A DARK COMIC PLAY USING MUSIC, STORYTELLING AND BREAKING-FORM THEATRE Almiro Andrade
King’s College London [email protected]
Abstract: The collaborative process exposes one directly to the ‘otherness’, to the look of another towards their own work, which constitutes the main purpose of theatre. Pavis acknowledges the phenomenon of translating for the stage as going beyond the interlingual translation of a dramatic text, paying close attention to its intended audience and its rhythm or aural competence to interpret the mise-en-scène being translated. On the other hand, Bassnett believes that the theatre translator is asked to accomplish the impossible - to treat a text written for the stage as if it were a literary text - proposing as a strategy for that something she calls the “co-operative translation” – when the translator works with an artistic team who can provide input to the translation of the text, working towards a production. This paper intends to analyse the process of adaptation and translation of Tieta by StoneCrabs artistic director Franko Figueiredo, where I worked as a dramaturge, translating a 800-page novel for stage/on stage, and what losses and gains are involved in dramaturgic translation where a devising performance process with the aid of actors is employed and to what extent this process generates different approaches and solutions to the challenges of cultural translation. The approaches explored see translation as the core of any devising process, as each and every step of a stage play - from the words written or agreed by cast as script to the performance moment observed by its intended audience members - is an act of translation, a reconfiguration of specific and diffuse senses of culture. The practice of storytelling and the actor-audience relationship took centre stage at this Research & Development process. The 'Narrator' emerged as a critical part of the script. We explored ways of interacting with the audience, using all four cast members as storytellers driving Tieta from beginning to end. Considering the development of the script and the centrality of the Narrator, we explored staging Tieta in a thrust space. Throughout the whole of our R&D we drew upon many approaches, techniques and practices from international theatre. To help tap into the earthy and grounded nature of the story, and to enhance conflicts and tensions between characters, we utilised Suzuki. To create the common gestures and language of the characters, we drew on Kantor and his art of repetition. At a climactic point of the story, between the two sisters Tieta and Perpetual,
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 12 we created a sequence from Nihon-Buyon to express the embedded tensions in their relationship. This range of international practices supported and enhanced the storytelling. Franko gave me absolute freedom to collaborate, exploring with the actors their response to stimuli in regards to plot points or themes we were intending to discuss within this project, always bringing the ideas towards his final goal of a full length script which told the story of his ‘Tieta’. The combination of the concepts of collaborative creation and authorial translated drama may seem paradoxical, nevertheless the boundaries of authorship are what should be challenged throughout this practical research.
Keywords: collaborative theatre, collaborative creation, co-operative translation, cultural appropriation, devising for performance, Brazilian theatre translation .
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References: Aaltonen, Sirkku. “Time-Sharing on Stage. Drama Translation in Theatre and Society”. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2000. Amado, Jorge. “Tieta do Agreste”. São Paulo: Cia das Letras, 2009. Amado, Jorge. “Tieta”. Translated by Barbara Shelby Merello. London: Abacus, 1982. Bassnett, Susan. “Ways through the Labyrinth: Strategies and Methods for Translating Theatre Texts”. Hermans, Theo (ed.) The Manipulation of Literature. London: Croom Helm, 97-103, 1985. Benjamin, Walter. “The Story Teller”.In Illuminations. Ed. por Hannah Arendt. London: Pimlico, 1999, 83-107. Eaton, Kate. New voices in Translation Studies 4, Special Conference Issue: ‘With/out Theory: The Role of Theory in Translation Studies Research’, UCL, UK, April 2008. Fischer, Stella. “Processo colaborativo e experiências de companhias teatrais brasileiras”. São Paulo: Hucitec, 2010. Johnston, David (ed). “Stages of Translation”. Bath, Absolute Classics, 1996. Mermikides, Alex. “Forced Entertainment – The Travels (2002) – The antitheatrical director”. Making Contemporary Theatre: International Rehearsal Processes. Jen Harvie and Andy Lavender eds. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2010. pp. 101-120. Pavis, Patrice. “Theatre at the Crossroads of Culture”. Translated by Loren Kruger. London and NewYork: Routledge, 1992. Zatlin, Phyllis. “Theatrical Translation and Film Adaptation: A Practitioner’s View”. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2005.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 13 POROUS DEGRADABLE POLYMER MICROSPHERES FOR DRUG DELIVERY Ana Letícia Braz1, Dr. Derek Irvine2 and Dr. Ifty Ahmed1
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Abstract: Degradable polyesters, such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and their copolymers, e.g. polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) are synthetic polymers that can be formed into micro and nano-spheres for controlled therapeutic delivery [1], They exhibit excellent biocompatibility, predictable degradation behavious and suitable mechanical properties for tissue engineering [2] and delivery of cancer therapeutics [3]. Furthermore their degradation products are eliminated by metabolic pathaways [4] and elimination via the kidney. Degradation rate can be controlled by polymer composition, and molecular weight, and further depends on size (diameter/thickness) and porosity of the polymer matrix, and pH of the environment. It is possible to produce micro- and nanospheres of these polyesters via emulsion processing [5, 6], down to sizes small enough for internalisation by cells. The spheres can act as vehicles for otherwise fragile chemical structures such as proteins and nucleic acids are commonly destroyed during the manufacture process using high temperature or in the relatively potentially high pH conditions inside the body, for example in the gastrointestinal tract [7]. These polymeric spheres are frequently used for therapeutic encapsulation and have demonstrated successful delivery in vivo with increased efficacy against tumor activity[8]. This study focuses on emulsion processing to realise highly porous microspheres that can act as vehicles for therapeutic delivery. A parametric study was undertaken to realise microspheres with tunable sizes and porosities, which will later influence their degradation and therapeutic release. The microparticles realised have different degrees of spherecity, porosity, surface morphology and sizes dependent on processing parameters and formulation. The microspheres showed a size between 100 and 16 µm and different level of porosity, which influence the application of these particles in different types of site such as lung delivery.
Keywords: Drug delivery, polymer, porous microspheres.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 14 References Almería, B., et al., Controlling the morphology of electrospray-generated PLGA microparticles for drug delivery. Journal of colloid and interface science, 2010. 343(1): p. 125-133. Luciani, A., et al., PCL microspheres based functional scaffolds by bottom-up approach with predefined microstructural properties and release profiles. Biomaterials, 2008. 29(36): p. 4800-4807. Rahman, C.V., et al., Adjuvant chemotherapy for brain tumors delivered via a novel intra- cavity moldable polymer matrix. PloS one, 2013. 8(10): p. e77435. dos Santos Almeida, A., et al., Development of hybrid nanocomposites based on PLLA and low-field NMR characterization. Polymer Testing, 2012. 31(2): p. 267-275. Salager, J., F. Nielloud, and G. Marti-Mestres, Pharmaceutical emulsions and suspensions. Drugs Pharm. Sci, 2000. 105: p. 19-72. Fan, J.-B., et al., Nanoporous microspheres: from controllable synthesis to healthcare applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2013. 1(17): p. 2222-2235. Mukhopadhyay, P., et al., pH-sensitive chitosan/alginate core-shell nanoparticles for efficient and safe oral insulin delivery. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2015. 72: p. 640-648. Pandey, S.K., et al., Anti-cancer evaluation of quercetin embedded PLA nanoparticles synthesized by emulsified nanoprecipitation. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2015. 75: p. 521-529.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 15 CUIDADO INTEGRAL ÀS PESSOAS COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME NO BRASIL E INGLATERRA: POTENCIALIDADES E DESAFIOS AOS SISTEMAS DE SAÚDE Ana Luisa de Araujo Dias 1, 2 Karl Atkin 1 Sangeeta Chatoo 1 Leny Alves Bonfim Trad 2
1 University of York 2 Universidade Federal da Bahia
Email principal da autora: [email protected]
Resumo: Doença falciforme (DF) é o nome dado a um conjunto de patologias hematológicas hereditarias que podem ter impacto significativo na vida das pessoas com a doença e suas famílias. Está entre as cinco condições genéticas mais comuns no mundo, sendo reconhecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) com um problema de saúde pública global, dado que há registros em 71% dos países no mundo. Considerada grave, a condição pode levar a alta vulnerabilidade a infecções graves, crises intensas de dor, acidente vascular cerebral, complicações cardiopulmonares e renais, úlceras de perna, lesões osteoarticulares entre outros. A expressão dessas consequências está relacionada a um conjunto de fatores não somente fisiológicos, mas também socieconômicos, ambientais e de acesso a servicos de saude de qualidade. Sem o cuidado adequado a DF pode afetar significativamente a qualidade de vida ou mesmo levar a morte antes dos 5 anos de idade. Apesar da potencial gravidade já é reconhecido mundialmente que medidas como diagnóstico precoce (no nascimento), seguido de assistência com equipe de saúde e informação disponibilizadas a familia reduzem significativamente o risco de morte e a ocorrência dos agravos além de potencializar a qualidade de vida. Contudo a DF tem sido historicamente negligenciada sendo incipientes as pesquisas e politicas de saude voltadas a ela. Tal constatação reflete o racismo institucional, tendo em vista que a doença é mais comum na população negra. Neste sentido, há uma grande relevância no estabelecimento de parcerias entre diferentes países para uma melhor compreensão da experiencia das pessoas com DF, bem como do impacto das políticas de atenção integral a ela voltadas. O presente projeto destaca o Brasil e a Inglaterra, países com histórias e condições sócio econômicas bem diferentes mas com sistemas de saude de base universal. Ambos possuem alta incidência da doença, políticas de saúde especificas voltadas a doenca falciorme, bem como organizações não-governamentais (ONGs) que tem DF como
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 16 motivação. Assim, a proposta é partir da base das ciências sociais em saúde para desenvolver uma pesquisa qualitativa composta por dois estudos de caso, cada um focando um país. Propõem-se analisar a relação entre as politicas de saúde e a atuação das ONGs relacionadas a doença falciforme em ambos os paises. Partimos do pressuposto de que atraves da analise das politicas de saúde e organizações não govermentais é possivel discutir as condições de vida e experiência de pessoas com doença falciforme bem como compreender se e de que modo a trajetorias das organizacoes e das politicas de saúde são delineadas a partir da experiência destas pessoas. Através da pesquisa espera-se ser possível discutir as semelhanças e diferenças, apontando possíveis diálogos entre as duas realidades de maneira a contribuir para o estabelecimento de potenciais parcerias e avanços na garantia do direito a saude das pessoas com doença falciforme. Esperamos ainda estimular o desenvolvimento de novos estudos que venham a contribuir para ampliar a visão global da realidade das pessoas com doença falciforme bem como das politicas de saude a ela relacionadas, descontruindo a historia de negligência que cerca esta população.
Palavras–chave: doença falciforme, equidade em saude, sistemas universais de saude, racismo institucional,
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE 3 MINUTOS + 1 SLIDE.
Referências: BROWN, Phil, et al. "Embodied health movements: new approaches to social movements in health." Sociology of health & illness 26.1 (2004): 50-80. Cançado, Rodolfo. D.; Aragão, Joice.A. A doença falciforme no Brasil. Rev. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter. São José do Rio Preto,. v.29, n.3, p. 203-206, July/Sept. 2007. DIAS, Ana Luisa A. A (Re)Construção do caminhar: itinerário terapêutico de pessoas com Doença Falciforme com histórico de úlcera de perna. Dissertação de Mestrado. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva. Universidade federal da Bahia. 2013. DYSON, Simon M.; ATKIN Karl. "Sickle cell and thalassaemia: global public health issues come of age." Ethnicity & health 16.4-5 (2011): 299-311. DYSON, Simon M.; ATKIN Karl. "Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia: Why Social Science is Critical to Improving Care and Service Support." Genetics and Global Public Health: Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia (2012). WEATHERALL D. The inherited disorders of haemoglobin: an increasingly neglected global health burden. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2011;134(4):493-497.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 17 PREDICTING VIRUS-HOST INTERACTIONS USING EVOLUTIONARY AND STRUCTURAL APPROACHES
Anderson Brito; John Pinney
Centre for Integrative Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Imperial College London [email protected]
Abstract: Building on advances in Structural Biology, comparative approaches can be applied to transfer the knowledge from widely studied molecular systems to neglected ones (Marti-Renom, et al. 2000), allowing us to understand not just the evolution of related proteins, but also comprehend how their interactions evolve at the molecular level (Aloy, et al. 2003). It means that we are now in a position where genomic, proteomic, and structural data can be integrated to model not just interactions between host and viral proteins known to interact, but also between pairs that potentially interact in events of cross infection. In this study, the structure of a host Nectin bound to a Herpesviral glycoprotein D was selected as template for homology modelling (Zhang, et al. 2011). Using the program MODELLER (Sali and Blundell 1993), all potential pairwise associations between nine herpesviral glycoproteins (gD/gG) and 600+ host nectin-like proteins were modelled, allowing us to extract structural properties, and evaluate if variations in these properties can be used to predict protein-protein interactions (PPIs). The first structural property we explored was the ‘carbon-α geometric deviation of interface residues’ (iRMSD), which was measured by aligning the template structure with the 5,000+ models generated. Interestingly, scatterplots of iRMSD against interface sequence similarity have shown no correlation between these variables, observation that fits with the existing understanding that even proteins with contrasting levels of similarity can still retain similar folds and interaction modes. Since MODELLER construct homology models by satisfaction of spatial restraints (Sali and Blundell 1993), our results suggest that models with high iRMSD could be the result of geometric incompatibilities between target and template interfaces, and conversely, complexes showing low iRMSD probably have similar binding modes, and are more likely to represent true PPIs. These findings indicate that variations in iRMSD could be used as a ‘measure of evolutionary change’ to predict events of interaction gain and loss along viral and host evolutionary histories (Pinney, et al. 2007; Ratmann, et al. 2009).
Keywords: Host-Virus Interaction, Molecular Evolution, Protein-Protein Interaction, Homology Modelling, Structural Biology
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 18 MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References: Aloy P, Ceulemans H, Stark A, Russell RB 2003. The relationship between sequence and interaction divergence in proteins. J Mol Biol 332: 989-998 Marti-Renom MA, et al. 2000. Comparative protein structure modeling of genes and genomes. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 29: 291-325. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.29.1.291 Pinney JW, Amoutzias GD, Rattray M, Robertson DL 2007. Reconstruction of ancestral protein interaction networks for the bZIP transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 20449-20453. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0706339104 Ratmann O, Wiuf C, Pinney JW 2009. From evidence to inference: probing the evolution of protein interaction networks. HFSP J 3: 290-306. doi: 10.2976/1.3167215 Sali A, Blundell TL 1993. Comparative protein modelling by satisfaction of spatial restraints. J Mol Biol 234: 779-815. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1626 Zhang QC, Petrey D, Norel R, Honig BH 2010. Protein interface conservation across structure space. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107: 10896-10901. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1005894107
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 19 EFFECTS OF STRESS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION Andressa Silva Eidt
Queen Mary University of London [email protected]
Abstract: Background Stress is a physiological phenomenon that occurs when the human body reacts to unexpected stimulus considered dangerous and difficult to overcome. This phenomenon has numerous negative repercussions when it becomes chronic and can lead to physical implications such as headaches, hair loss, irritability, digestive problems and a wide range of signs and symptoms. Complaints related to stress have become more frequent due to the hectic way of life that most people are living. It is known that chronic stress has negative implications on cognitive function, and this may happen through “long- lasting functional and structural changes in the brain” (Aggarwal, 2014, p8). The mechanism by which stress influence cognition remains not well understood, because of the complex and multifactorial nature of this association. Results: Data available tend to show that there is a negative relationship between stress and cognitive function and this can be due the effects of the acute and chronic release of glucocorticoids in the brain, in areas such as the hippocampus and striatum (1-7). Findings suggest the occurrence of a wide range of modifications in the brain under chronic stress such as neuronal loss and hippocampus atrophy (8-10). Besides, a reduced performance in memory and intellectual tasks was associated with stress in different human trials (11-12). Evidence points out the importance of the individual reaction to stress over the number of negative events it has been through, allowing the implication that what accounts to decrease in cognition is the self-perception of stress and the ability of the person to cope with it (13). Data remains inconclusive concerning stress as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease development (14-16). Conclusion: The fully understanding of the association between stress and cognition is extremely important to public health since both stress and cognitive impairment are increasing in incidence and affecting a larger number of people every year. It is clearly that stress negatively impacts cognition, however, further research with superior methodology is required to clarify the mechanism by which it happens. Additional understanding of this field may allow the development of preventive measures and even treatment methods.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 20 Keywords: Cognitive function, Glucocorticoids, Stress
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References 1. Lupien, S.J., Maheu, F., Tu, M., Fiocco, A. et al (2007) The effects of stress and stress hormones on human cognition: Implications for the field of brain and cognition. Brain and Cognition 65 209–237 2. Leng, Y., Wainwright, N. W. J., Hayat, S., Stephan, B. C. M. et al (2013) The association between social stress and global cognitive function in a population-based study: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk study. Psychological Medicine, 43, 655–666. 3. H. Eichenbaum (2001) The hippocampus and declarative memory: cognitive mechanisms and neural codes. Behav Brain Res. 127(1-2):199-207 4. Marin, M.F., Lord, C., Andrews, J., Juster, R.P. et al (2011) Chronic stress, cognitive functioning and mental health. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. 96, 4, 583–595 5. De Leon, M.J., Mcrae, T., Rusinek, H., Convit, A. et al (1997) Cortisol Reduces Hippocampal Glucose Metabolism in Normal Elderly, but Not in Alzheimer’s Disease., Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 82,10 3251 -3259 6. de Quervain, D. J.F., Roozendaal, B., Nitsch, R.M., McGaugh, J.L., et al (2000) Acute cortisone administration impairs retrieval of long-term declarative memory in humans. nature neuroscience 3, 313 – 314 7. Sapolsky, R.M., Krey, L.C. and McEwen, B.S. (1986) The Neuroendocrinology of Stress and Aging: The Glucocorticoid Cascade Hypothesis. Endocr. Rev. 7, 284-301. 8. Lupien, S.J., de Leon, M., de Santi, S., Convit, A. et al. (1998) Cortisol levels during human aging predict hippocampal atrophy and memory deficits. nature neuroscience 1, 69- 73 9. MacLullich, A.M., Deary, I.J., Starr, J.M., Ferguson, K.J. et al (2005) Plasma cortisol levels, brain volumes and cognition in healthy elderly men. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 30(5):505-15. 10. Leverenz, J.B., Wilkinson, C.W., Wamble, M., Corbin, S. et al (1999) Effect of Chronic High-Dose Exogenous Cortisol on Hippocampal Neuronal Number in Aged Nonhuman Primates. The Journal of Neuroscience, 19(6):2356–2361 11. Atsak, P., Guenzel, F.M., Kantar-Gok, D., Zalachoras, I. et al (2016) Glucocorticoids mediate stress-induced impairment of retrieval of stimulus-response memory. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 67:207-215.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 21 12. Guenzel, F.M., Wolf, O.T., and Schwabe, L. (2013). Stress disrupts response memory retrieval. psychoneuroendocrinology 38, 1460—1465 13. Aggarwal, N.T., Wilson, R.S., Beck, T.L., Rajan, K.B. et al (2014) Perceived Stress and Change in Cognitive Function Among Adults Aged 65 and Older. Psychosom Med. 76(1): 80–85 14. Johansson, L., Guo, X., Waern, M., O¨ stling, S. et al (2010) Midlife psychological stress and risk of dementia: a 35-year longitudinal population study. Brain 133; 2217–2224 15. Wilson, R.S., Evans, D.A., Bienias, J.L., de Leon, C.F.M. et al (2003) Proneness to psychological distress is associated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 61:1479– 1485 16. Sundström, A., Rönnlund, M., Adolfsson, R. and Nilsson, L.G. (2014) Stressful life events are not associated with the development of dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 26:1, 147–154
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 22 A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DESIGN OF LEARNING IN MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES
Aracele Fassbinder1,2,3; Ellen Francine Barbosa2; George Magoulas3
1Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais, Brazil 2Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil 3London Knowledge Lab, Birkbeck College, University of London, United Kingdom [email protected]
Abstract: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are an instance related to the Open Education Movement [3]. They are characterized as online courses, offering unlimited participation to students and open access via the web. The term MOOC was used for the first time in 2008 to describe a connectivist course offered by the University of Manitoba, Canada. This course and its successors led to the development of a MOOC model named cMOOC. Since 2012, the popularity of MOOCs has increased considerably mainly due to new educational and technological MOOC experiments developed by American and European start-ups, such as Coursera, edX, Udacity and Future Learn. At that time, a new model of MOOCs emerged, the so called extensionists MOOCs or xMOOCs, which have been considered as an important mechanism for democratizing access to education. Although promising, most of the current xMOOCs are still based on traditional teaching models, which also contributes to the high dropout rates. Designing attractive and motivating online courses for large scale delivery still remains a challenge. Furthermore, the widespread discussion about the potential of MOOCs has stimulated universities and enterprises to develop courses using MOOC open platforms such as Google Course Builder, open edX, and Tim Tec on their own technological infrastructure. However, practical guidelines on learning design in MOOCs is still unavailable, leaving many instructional designers to rely on their own experiences when designing MOOCs. This work in progress aims to address these challenges by establishing and validating a model to support MOOC teams in designing for learning in MOOCs. The model is based on a set of linked and complementary fundamental approaches from the education and educational technology areas and aims to support teaching and learning practice in MOOCs considering the main gaps identified before. The main approaches combined are: (i) Flipped Classroom Teaching Method as a pedagogical base [1, 2], (ii) Agile Software Engineering as an organizational support, and (iii) Design Thinking as a strategy for innovation. Accordingly, Educational Design Research [4] was applied to achieve this research purpose. The model has been developed by analysing current strategies used to design learning in MOOCs. We also carried out a survey where MOOC instructors were asked about their
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 23 experiences of designing MOOCs. A first Small Private Online Course (SPOC) was also designed as an experimental case study to demonstrate, in a practical context, the feasibility of using Flipped Classroom principles to design this type of virtual and massive course. This case study was also used as an initial validation of the model-in-progress. As initial results, an overview of strategies to design for learning in MOOCs and the main challenges involved has been briefly presented and analyzed. A conceptual model based on Flipped Classroom fundamentals, Agile Software Engineering practices, and Design Thinking ideas has been initially defined to support teams to design learning experiences in MOOCs. Next steps in our research include the evolution of this model towards an approach for recording design experience in the form of design patterns for learning design in MOOCs, and the developing of a pattern language for MOOCs.
Keywords: Flipped Classroom, Learning design, MOOCs, Pedagogy, Technology enhanced learning. MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION. References
[1] A. G. O. Fassbinder, M. Fassbinder, and E. F. Barbosa, "From flipped classroom theory to the personalized design of learning experiences in MOOCs," Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), IEEE, 2015. [2] J. Bergmann and A. Sams, “Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class every day,” International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), 2012. [3] A. G. O. Fassbinder, M. E. Delamaro, and E. F. Barbosa, "Construção e Uso de MOOCs: Uma Revisão Sistemática," Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação. Vol. 25. No. 1. 2014.
[4] T. Plomp and N. Nieveen, “An introduction to educational design research,” In: Proceedings of the seminar conducted at the East China Normal University, Shanghai. 2007. Available at http://www.slo.nl/downloads/2009/Introduction_20to_20education_20design_20research.pdf.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 24 CLIMATE WARMING, N-FERTILISATION AND ABOVE-GROUND BIOMASS REMOVAL INTERACT TO AFFECT C AND N CYCLING AND GHG EMISSIONS FROM TEMPERATE GRASSLAND SOIL Arlete Simões Barneze, Jeanette Whitaker, Niall McNamara, Nick Ostle
Lancaster University and Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Main author email: [email protected]
Abstract: Globally populations are undergoing unprecedented growth, with the human population estimated to grow by two to three billion people within the next few decades, meaning that intensification (e.g. increases in nitrogen (N)-fertiliser use and/or grazing) of agricultural land for food and fuel will increase. Alongside, effects of global changes, including climate warming, on terrestrial biodiversity, nutrient cycling and ecosystem services have been changed. The challenge is to develop innovative agricultural approaches which protect and/or enhance ecosystem biodiversity and functions, including soil carbon (C) sequestration and the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG), whilst delivering more food sustainably. To address this, most of studies have studied only a single factor. Interactions among multiple climate and management factors can affect soil ecosystem in ways that are not easily predictable from measuring a single factor. The aim of this study was to investigate how climate warming and temperate grassland management (N-fertiliser and ABG removal) interact to affect grassland N and C cycling and GHG emissions from soil. The research also investigates the resistance of plant-soil interactions and soil C cycling to physical perturbations in conditions, including climate. Ecosystem perturbation will be interacting with soil microbial diversity, regulating C and N cycling and GHG emissions.
Specific hypotheses will be addressed: 1) N and warming will increase N2O emissions by increasing N mineral in the soil, accelerated by microbial activity, while increase plant N assimilation, enhancing soil respiration affecting on primary productivity; 2) ABG removal and warming will reduce plant canopy affecting CO2 fluxes due to reduction of respiration and reduces N2O fluxes due to C-limited soil system; 3) Plant C removal interacts to N addition will decrease N2O emissions due to C-limited and decrease respiration. GHG fluxes were measured using closed static chamber method from May to October, 2015. Soils
+ - sampled were analysed for total C and N, NH4 /NO3 concentrations and microbial communities (PFLA). In the end of the growing season, plant/root traits and above/below- ground biomass were determined. Linear mixed-effects models were conducted in R, with single treatments and interactions treated as fixed effects, while block was treated as random effect nested within dates. The results showed that warming instead reduced the effect of N on N2O emissions. It also increased the concentration of N in the root and leaf compartments. The challenge now is to understand what was the primary mechanism for
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 25 this reduction: increase in plant N uptake due to increased temperature or changes in microbial activity due to decrease of soil moisture. Further experiments are ongoing to access this question of this PhD project.
Keywords: Carbon and nitrogen cycle, climate change, ecosystem processes, GHG emissions, nitrogen.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
References: Butterbach-Bahl K, Baggs EM, Dannenmann M, Kiese R, Zechmeister-Boltenstern S. 2013 Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do we understand the processes and their controls? Phil Trans R Soc B 368: 20130122. Hamilton, E.W.; Frank, D.A. 2001. Can plants stimulate soil microbes and their own nutrient supply? Evidence from a grazing tolerant grass. Ecology 82, 2397-2402. Lutz, W.; Samir, K.C. 2010. Dimensions of global population projections: what do we know about future population trends and structures? Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 365, 2779-2791. Ostle, N.J.; Levy, P.E.; Evans, C.D.; Smith, P. 2009. UK land use and soil carbon sequestration. Land Use Policy 26, Supplement 1, S274-S283. Rustad, L.E. 2001. A Meta-Analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. Oecologia 126: 543–562.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 26 THE INFLUENCE OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE PHASE ON FLEXIBILITY AND JUMP PERFORMANCE IN DANCERS: INTERACTIONS WITH MTU STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS Bárbara Pessali-Marques*, Gladys Onambele-Person*, Adrian Burden*, Vincent Cacalano* and Islay McEwan*
*Manchester Metropolitan University [email protected]
Abstract: The menstrual cycle occur as a direct result of variations of blood concentrations of female hormones. It is composed of three phases: follicular, ovulatory and luteal (Bell et al., 2014; Teixeira et al., 2012). Some studies found modifications in joint laxity (Bell et al., 2014), tendon stiffness (Onambélé et al., 2007), muscle strength, proprioception and muscle activation patterns, in line with circulating levels of female hormones. However, other studies found no difference in similar variables (Burgess et al., 2010; Teixeira et al., 2012). If the presence of relatively high levels of oestrogen and/or progesterone were associated with decreased stiffness of ligamentous tissues, this reduction would increase initial muscle shortening velocity, degree of muscle shortening, muscle fascicle pennation angle at rest and during contraction, ultimately affecting force-production capacity. During the stretch shortening cycle a stiffer MTU induces better transmission of the force via the tendon directly to the bone and shortens the coupling time between eccentric and concentric phases (Ochala et al., 2007). In addition, MTU stiffness is known to be connected to the central nervous system, once the sensation of pain during the stretches, controlled by mechanoreceptors, is influenced by stiffness. This way, a reduced stiffness would lend itself to greater tendon deformation for equivalent forces (Onambélé et al., 2007). Considering that flexibility and jumping abilities, both crucial for dancers’ performance, could be influenced by MTU stiffness, and that this (Brughelli and Cronin, 2008)appears to be affected by key menstrual cycle hormones, the aim of this research is to determine the effects of MCP in MTU characteristics in jump and flexibility performance in dancers and non-dancers to predict any modifications in dance performance. Also, determine whether different levels of dancers are equally affected by the endocrine fluctuations induced through the MCP. This will allow the development of training strategies to improve performance and potentially avoid injuries. Methods: The volunteers will receive a kit to measure the ovulation phase. To confirm the menstrual cycle phase, venepuncture samples and blood chemiluminescent tests will be carried out. Testing will take place on four days: familiarization, follicular, ovulatory and luteal
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 27 phases. Forms will be filled to characterize the subjects (personal information, injuries and exercise practiced). Anthropometry and ultrasound images: body weight, height, percentage of fat, circumferences and length of the segments. Ultrasound images of the MTU of the biceps femoris and rectus femoris. Passive flexibility: supine on the Cybex isokinetic dynamometer, with the lever arm attached to the ankle. The hamstrings will be stretched until the maximum tolerated by the participant. They will press in a control when they start to feel the stretching; 6 trials will be done. Active flexibility: standing with feet parallel on Cybex, one ankle attached at the lever arm; 3 trials of flexion and extension of the hip will be done. Vertical jumps: countermovement jump and squat jump from a force platform; 3 trials of each jump. Passive stretch: 4 series of passive static stretch for 30 seconds will be done supine on Cybex. Tests will be recorded (3D analyses) to analyse the influence of pelvic movement and electromyography of the agonists and antagonists muscles will be done. Participants: students and professionals dancers, non-dancers, 18-30 years. Sample size: 12 per group.
Key words: Dancers, Flexibility, Jumps, Menstrual Cycle Phases, Muscle-tendon Unit.
PRESENTATION MODALITY: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References: Bell, D., Blackburn, J., Hackney, A., Marshall, S., Beutler, A. and Padua, D. (2014) 'Jump- landing biomechanics and knee-laxity change across the menstrual cycle in women with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.' Journal of Athletic Training, 49(2) pp. 154-162. Brughelli, M. and Cronin, J. (2008) 'A review of research on the mechanical stiffness in running and jumping: methodology and implications.' Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 18(4) pp. 417-426. Burgess, K. E., Pearson, S. J. and Onambélé, G. L. (2010) 'Patellar Tendon Properties With Fluctuating Menstrual Cycle Hormones.' Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(8) pp. 2088-2095.
Ochala, J., Lambertz, D. and Pousson, J. V. H. M. (2007) 'Changes in muscle and joint elasticity following long-term strength training in old age.' European Journal of Apllied Physiology, 100(5) pp. 491-498.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 28 Onambélé, G., Burgess, K. and Pearson, S. (2007) 'Gender-Specific in vivo measurement of the structural and mechanical properties of the human patellar tendon.' Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 25(12) pp. 1635-1642. Teixeira, A. L. d. S., Junior, W. F., Marques, F. A. D., Lacio, M. L. d. and Dias, M. R. C. (2012) 'Influence of different phases of menstrual cycle on flexibility of young women.' Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 18(6) pp. 361-364.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 29 CURRENCY HIERARCHY AND INTERNATIONALISATION: DETERMINANTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MONETARY POLICY IN BRAZIL Bianca de Souza Lima Orsi
University of Leeds [email protected]
Abstract: This paper aims to identify the determinants of currency hierarchy and internationalisation with a focus on the emerging economies. Another objective is to empirically assess the implications of currency internationalisation and currency hierarchy over monetary policy in order to formulate recommendations regarding monetary policy autonomy and exchange rate policy. The debate on currency internationalisation has become a central issue of discussion in the international community, as globalization has increased the volume of international capital flows across the countries. In the absence of a single universal currency that fulfils the money functions at the international level, multiple currencies are available for transactions in the international market. The higher degree of integration between countries from the "global north", i.e. developed economies, with those from the "global south", should have enhanced the internationalisation of currencies from emerging economies. However, one can observe that only a few currencies issued by developed countries are generally used as a means of payment, unit of account and store of value at the international level. Therefore, the current international monetary system is asymmetric in that some currencies are more widely used in the international market, and for more purposes, than others. Within this asymmetric system, currencies can be understood as having a hierarchical rank, with central currencies issued by developed countries placed at the highest positions and peripheral currencies at the lowest. Most of the literature on currency internationalisation and hierarchy focuses on central currencies and neglects important implications for emerging economies, such as external vulnerability, exchange rate dynamics and monetary policy restrictions. Central and peripheral currencies can be distinguished by their differing liquidity levels, that is, central currencies are more widely accepted as the currency holder can trade them very quickly without significant losses. As a result of the lower liquidity feature, emerging economies have to offer higher returns to attract capital inflows. Thus, countries such as Brazil are subjected to monetary policy restrictions as monetary authorities have to set higher interest rates to maintain the demand for the Brazilian real and avoid exchange rate depreciation. In other words, the high levels of interest rate compensate for the higher risks investors have to face in order to maintain the Brazilian currency. This policy strategy attracts especially speculative capital flows, which seeks for short term investments that profit from differences in interest rates. Moreover, the
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 30 demand for Brazilian currency depends on investors' perspective about the market. In periods of economic prosperity, investors are less averse to risk and are searching for the higher returns offered by developing economies. By contrast, during adverse situations, these investors will seek for more liquid currencies. Consequently, the exchange rate becomes more volatile and, again, it is necessary to keep interest rates at a higher level, which results in a vicious circle.
Keywords: currency hierarchy, currency internationalisation, emerging economies, exchange rate, inflation, monetary policy.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
Reference List Andrade, R.P. and Prates, D.M. 2011. Exchange Rate Dynamics in a Peripheral Monetary Economy: A Keynesian Perspective. In: XIII Annual Meeting Universidad Autónoma de Madrid - Transformations of Contemporary Capitalism: Actors, Institutions, Processes., Madrid. Arestis, P. and Sawyer, M. 2008. New consensus macroeconomics and inflation targeting: Keynesian critique. Economia e Sociedade. 17, pp.631-655. Bogdanski, J., Tombini, A.A. and Werlang, S.R.C. 2000. Implementing Inflation Targeting in Brazil. Banco Central do Brasil Working Paper Series. pp.1-29. Bresser-Pereira, L.C. and Silva, C.G.d. 2007. INFLATION TARGETING IN BRAZIL: A KEYNESIAN APPROACH. FVG EESP. Carvalho, F.J.C.d. 2005. Uma Contribuição ao Debate em torno da Eficácia da Política Monetária e Algumas Implicações para o Caso do Brasil. Revista de Economia Política. 25(4), pp.323-336. Cohen, B.J. 1998. The Geography of Money. 1 ed. New York: Cornell University Press. Cohen, B.J. 2011. Toward a Leaderless Currency System. In: Helleiner, E. and Kirshner, J. eds. The Future of Global Currency: The Euro Versus the Dollar. London: Routledge. Cohen, B.J. and Benney, T.M. 2013. What does the international currency system really look like? Review of International Political Economy. De Conti, B.M., Biancarelli, A. and Rossi, P. 2013a. Currency hierarchy, liquidity preference and exchange rates: a Keynesian/minskyan approach. In: Congrès de l’Association Française d’Économie Politique, 3-5 Juillet, Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV, France. De Conti, B.M. and Prates, D.M. 2014. The International Monetary System hierarchy: determinants and current configuration. In: 18th Conference Inequality and the Future of Capitalism, 30 October – 1 November 2014, Berlin, Germany.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 31 De Conti, B.M., Prates, D.M. and Plihon, D. 2014. The hierarchy of currencies and its implications for peripheral countries exchange and interest rate dynamics and economic policy. Economia e Sociedade. 23(2), pp.341-372. Fritz, B., Prates, D.M. and Paula, L.F.d. 2014. Keynes at the Periphery: Currency hierarchy and challenges for economic policy in emerging economies. In: Currency Hierarchies, Macroeconomic Policies and Development Strategies, 03/11/2014 to 03/11/2014, Freie Universität Berlin. Berlin, Germany. Kaltenbrunner, A. 2011. Currency internationalisation and exchange rate dynamics in emerging markets: a post Keynesian analysis of Brazil. PhD thesis, University of London. Kaltenbrunner, A. and Painceira, J.P. 2012. Emerging Countries and Inconsistencies in Macroeconomic Policy: The Inflation Targeting Regime and Exchange Rate Management. AUGUR Working Paper. Kaltenbrunner, A. 2015. A post Keynesian framework of exchange rate determination: a Minskyan approach. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics. Keynes, J.M. 1936. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. London: Macmillan and co., limited. Maziad, S., Farahmand, P., Wang, S., Segal, S. and Ahmed, F. 2011. Internationalization of Emerging Market Currencies: A Balance between Risks and Rewards. IMF Staff Discussion Note. Modenesi, A.d.M. and Modenesi, R.L. 2012. Quinze Anos de Rigidez Monetária no Brasil pós Plano Real: uma agenda de pesquisa1. Revista de Economia Política. 32(3), pp. 389- 411. Paula, L.F.d., Fritz, B. and Prates, D.M. 2015. Center and Periphery in International Monetary Relations Implications for Macroeconomic Policies in Emerging Economies. Desigualdades Working Paper Series. (80). Prates, D.M. 2002. Crises financeiras dos paises "emergentes" : uma interpretação heterodoxa. PhD thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Serrano, F. 2010. Juros, Câmbio e o Sistema de Metas de Inflação no Brasil. Revista de Economia Política. 30(117), pp.63-72. Strange, S. 1971. Sterling and British Policy. 1 ed. London: Oxford University Press.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 32 PELÉ, ROMÁRIO AND RONALDO: THE 2014 FIFA WORLD CUP AND THE SOCIAL TRAJECTORY OF FORMER BRAZILIAN FOOTBALL STARS Billy Graeff
Federal University of Rio Grande/Loughborough University [email protected]
Abstract: Sport mega events (SMEs) have become, over the twentieth century, gigantic and complex structures (Gupta, 2009; Horne, 2015). Its development has led them to be platforms for a growing number of issues and to occupy the centrality of discussions on a variety of fields (Roche, 1998; 2003; 2006; Horne & Manzenreiter, 2006). SMEs are growingly related to nation and city branding (Knott, 2010; 2014), and also ‘an increasingly popular political and developmental strategy for a wide range of urban, regional, and national governments, along with their social and economic allies’ (Black, 2007, p. 261). Additionally, it is becoming progressively clear that ‘states seek to host sports mega-events because, above all, they believe it will enhance their ‘international prestige’ (Grix, 2012, p. 289). Image leveraging is one of the most important stakeholders drivers when the subject is SMEs. Accompany this, another series of beliefs linked to mega events that still in dispute within the field of SMEs studies. These include economic development (Kassimati, 2003; Hornet, 2007; Blake, 2005; Matheson, 2006), acquisition of various types of legacy (Cornelissen; Bob & Swart, 2011), improvements in the tourism area (Stevenson 2012, Whitson & Macintosh, 1986) and social development (Sanchez & Broudehoux, 2013; Cornelissen, 2011). What has not been explored by SMEs related literature is the fact that they potentially can also be used for investments in ‘personal branding’ or individual leverage. In other words, people can use SMEs to obtain individual advantages (symbolic or material), either approaching them or playing specific roles in them. Although it cannot be considered a surprise that the sports field and especially SMEs offer room for the development of practices related to the world of celebrities, once ‘there is no sign yet that the spread of celebrity culture has reached its limits’ (Bennet, 2005, p. 11) and the field of sports apparently provides prosperous space for its development, it is a relationship not specifically studied up to the present time. The issue of the ‘sport celebrity’ has been approached by the field of psychology (McGannon et. al., 2012), within the field of sports, mainly to analyse specific cases (Bolsmann & Parker, 2007), or to develop models (Sassenberg, Verreynne & Morgan, 2012) and from the marketing point of view (Moorman, 2006; Van Heerden, Kuiper & Saar, 2008). Jackson and Andrews (2012) contributed with a good introduction to the study of the Olympic universe and its relationship with the spectre of celebrities. Peacock and Darnell (2012) analysed the specificities of the Olympic Movement and the leading role of presidents of the International
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 33 Olympic Movement. Rahman (2011) studied the role of the body and the heteroclite dynamics of sports celebrities. Nonetheless, the sport that perhaps have created most sports celebrities still needs further study, however, steps have been given in that direction (Brooks, 2000). Thus, it can be said that the general field of celebrities studies offers rich opportunities for the seizure of social dynamics and it has grown and developed autonomous and fast (Turner, 2010). On the other hand, the field of SMEs has been gradually drawing media coverage and has increasingly played an important role in international and domestic politics, in the case of countries and cities involved in the application process, preparation and realisation of SMES. This paper will analyse, in turn, the involvement of three actors, considered sports celebrities, due to their backgrounds as international athletes, with the FIFA World Cup 2014. The narrative adopted in this work will start in the period prior to the selection of Brazil to host such SME and when both Pele, Romario and Ronaldo were supporting the realisation of the Games and the Brazilian candidacy. Through news carried by newspapers and digital publications, as well as posts found on social networks, the work will explain how these three players ended the year 2015 (empirical work limit) in totally different positions in the political and social spectrum. The narrative will also describe how the tensions, spacings and approximations of these three actors towards the Games and broader aspects of Brazilian social dynamics were expressed.
Keywords: Football World Cup, sports celebrities.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER. References: Barclay, J. (2009). Predicting the costs and benefits of mega-sporting events: misjudgment of olympic proportions?. Economic Affairs, 29(2), 62-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468- 0270.2009.01896.x Bennett, J. (2015). Approaching celebrity studies. Celebrity Studies, 6(3), 269-271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2015.1062638 Black, D. (2007). The Symbolic Politics of Sport Mega-Events: 2010 in Comparative Perspective, Politikon: South African Journal of Political Studies, 34:3, 261-276, DOI: 10.1080/02589340801962536 Blake, A. (2005). The Economic Impact of the London 2012 Olympics, 44(0). Retrieved from http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/8228/1/licence.txt Bolsmann, C., & Parker, A. (2007). Soccer, South Africa and Celebrity Status: Mark Fish, Popular Culture and the Post‐Apartheid State. Soccer & Society, 8(1), 109-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14660970600989442
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 34 Brooks, K. (2000). ‘More Than a Game’: The Footy Show, Fandom and the Construction of Football Celebrities. Football Studies, vol. 3 no. 1. Retrieved from http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/FootballStudies/2000/FS0301e.pdf Budabin, A. C. (2015). Celebrities as norm entrepreneurs in international politics: Mia Farrow and the ‘Genocide Olympics’ campaign, Celebrity Studies, DOI: 10.1080/19392397.2015.1087206 Cornelissen, S. (2011). More than a Sporting Chance? Appraising the sport for development legacy of the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Third World Quarterly, 32(3), 503-529. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01436597.2011.573943 Cornelissen, S., Bob, U., & Swart, K. (2011). Towards redefining the concept of legacy in relation to sport mega-events: Insights from the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Development Southern Africa, 28(3), 307-318. Grix, J. (2012). World Cup “ Image ” leveraging and sports mega- events : Germany and the 2006 FIFA World Cup. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 17(4), 289-312. Gupta, A. (2009). The Globalization of Sports, the Rise of Non-Western Nations, and the Impact on International Sporting Events. The International Journal Of The History Of Sport, 26(12), 1779-1790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523360903172390 Horne, J. (2007). The Four “Knowns” of Sports Mega Events. Leisure Studies, 26(1), 81-96. Horne, J. (2015). Assessing the sociology of sport: On sports mega-events and capitalist modernity. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 50(4-5), 466-471. Retrieved from http://irs.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1012690214538861 Horne, J., & Manzenreiter, W. (2006). An introduction to the sociology of sports mega‐ events1. The Sociological Review, 54(s2), 1-24. Jackson, S., & Andrews, D. (2012). Olympic celebrity – Introduction. Celebrity Studies, 3(3), 263-269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2012.717742 Kasimati, E. (2003). Economic aspects and the Summer Olympics: A review of related research. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5(6), 433–444. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jtr.449/abstract Knott, B. K. (2010). The strategic contribution of sport mega- events to nation branding: The case of South Africa and the 2010 FIFA World Cup In fulfillment of the requirements for the PhD programme Through the Supervisory team : Prof A Fyall and Dr I Jones. Knott, B. (2014). Leveraging nation branding opportunities through sport mega-events Proceedings of the 5 th International Conference on Destination Branding and Marketing ( DBM-V ), (January 2016). McGannon, K., Hoffmann, M., Metz, J., & Schinke, R. (2012). A media analysis of a sport celebrity: Understanding an informal “team cancer” role as a socio-cultural construction.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 35 Psychology Of Sport And Exercise, 13(1), 26-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.08.001 Matheson, V. (2006). Mega-Events: The effect of the world’s biggest sporting events on local, regional, and national economies. Economics Department Working Papers. Paper 68. http://crossworks.holycross.edu/econ_working_papers/68 Moorman, A. (2006). False Advertising and Celebrity Endorsements: Where's My Script?. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 15,11 l-l 13. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.392.1787&rep=rep1&type=pdf Peacock, B., & Darnell, S. (2012). Political celebrity and the Olympic movement: exploring the charismatic authority of IOC presidents. Celebrity Studies, 3(3), 319-334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2012.717760 Rahman, M. (2011). The burdens of the flesh: star power and the queer dialectic in sports celebrity. Celebrity Studies, 2(2), 150-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2011.574850 Roche, M. (1998). Mega‐events, culture and modernity: Expos and the origins of public culture. International Journal Of Cultural Policy, 5(1), 1-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286639809358087 Roche, M. (2003). Mega-events, Time and Modernity. Time & Society, 12(1), 99 -126. Retrieved from http://tas.sagepub.com/content/12/1/99.abstract Roche, M. (2006). Mega-events and modernity revisited: globalization and the case of the Olympics. The Sociological Review, 54(s2), 25-40. Sánchez, F., & Broudehoux, A.-M. (2013). Mega-events and urban regeneration in Rio de Janeiro: planning in a state of emergency. International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 5(2), 132-153. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19463138.2013.839450 Sassenberg, A., Verreynne, M., & Morgan, M. (2012). A SPORT CELEBRITY BRAND IMAGE: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL. International Journal Of Organisational Behaviour, Volume 17 (2), 108-121. Retrieved from https://eprints.usq.edu.au/22094/1/Sassenberg_etal_v17n2_PV.pdf Stevenson, N. (2012). Culture and the 2012 games: creating a tourism legacy?, (October 2013), 37-41. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2012.682478 Turner, G. (2010). Approaching celebrity studies. Celebrity Studies, 1(1), 11-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392390903519024 Whitson, D., & Macintosh, D. (1996). THE GLOBAL CIRCUS: INTERNATIONAL SPORT, TOURISM, AND THE MARKETING OF CITIES. Journal of Sport & Social Issues. Van Heerden, N., Kuiper, A., & Saar, H. (2008). Investigating sport celebrity endorsement and sport event sponsorship as promotional cues. SA J. Res. Sp., 30(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajrs.v30i2.25996
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 36
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 37 REPRESENTATION AND INTEGRATION: THE LOGIC OF REGIONAL PARLIAMENTS AROUND THE WORLD Bruno Theodoro Luciano
Doctoral Researcher, University of Birmingham, UK [email protected]
Abstract: The European Parliament is the first and most acknowledged example of a regional parliament. Since its establishment in 1952 as the Common Assembly of the European Community of Coal and Steel (ECCS), it evolved from a consultative assembly to become a co-legislator alongside the Council of the European Union (Kreppel, 2002; Costa, 2009; Rittberger, 2003). As regional integration projects were created worldwide, other regional parliaments were established. Outside of Europe, Latin America and Africa have seen an expansion of regional parliaments which have followed the development of regional integration schemes (Medeiros, 2012; Mariano, 2011; Vazquez, 2005; Drummond, 2009; Cera, 2009; Luciano, 2012, Mpanyane, 2009; Nzewi, 2013; Kingah and Cofelice, 2012; Ruland, 2012; Deinla, 2013). However, in contrast to the European Parliament, regional parliaments established in the Global South have not increased their competences. Thus, although they are seen to enhance mechanisms of parliamentary diplomacy, they do not have significant policy-making power, which remains exclusively in national or presidential hands (Malamud and Sousa, 2007). The proposed study will investigate the development of regional integration parliaments around the world. The aim is to analyse and compare the expansion and current stage of some of these regional parliamentary assemblies, which are in Europe (European Parliaments), Africa (Pan-African Parliament) and Latin America (MERCOSUR Parliament). The key research question this PhD project seeks to answer is: why have these three regional integration parliaments reached such different stages of development? And in particular, why is the European Parliament more powerful and more institutionalised than the other three assemblies? In order to answer these questions, external (national, regional and extra-regional) and internal factors will be taken into consideration. A historical institutionalist lens will guide the analysis, focussing on ‘critical junctures’ in the history of the three assemblies (Pierson, 1998). The main argument of this project is that the differences between the three regional integration projects have shaped the development of the parliamentary assemblies over time, hindering the EU’s mimetic potential worldwide. These differences produced fundamental limitations to the accomplishment of EU normative diffusion in regions marked by a diversity of political and historical traditions.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 38 Keywords: European Parliament, MERCOSUR Parliament, Pan-African Parliament, Regional Integration, Regional Parliaments.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References: Borzel, Tanja; Risse, Thomas (2009), “Diffusing (Inter-) Regionalism: The EU as a Model of Regional Integration”. KFG Working Paper Series, No. 7, Kolleg-Forschergruppe (KFG), The Transformative Power of Europe, Free University Berlin, September. Cera, Silvana (2009). “Las elecciones directas en el Parlamento Andino: un camino para fortalecer su papel como institución promotora de la integración”. Revista de Derecho, n. 32, Barranquilla. Corbett, Richard (1998), The European Parliament's Role in Closer EU Integration (Palgrave Macmillan). Costa, Olivier (2009), “Le parlement européen dans le système décisionnel de l’Union européenne : la puissance au prix de l’illisibilité”. Politique européenne, n° 28, 2009/02. Deinla, Imelda (2013), “Giving the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly a Voice in the ASEAN Community”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA). Dri, Clarissa (2010), “Limits of Institucional Mimesis of the European Union: The case of the Mercosur Parliament”, Latin American Policy, vol.1, n.1, pp. 52-74. Follesdal, Andreas; Hix, Simon (2006), “Why There is a Democratic Deficit in the EU: A Response to Majone and Moravcsik.” JCMS, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 533–62. Hay, Colin; Wincott, Daniel (1998), “Structure, Agency and Historical Institutionalism”, Political Studies, XLVI, pp. 951-957. Hix, Simon; Noury, Abdul; Roland, Gérard (2006), “Dimensions of Politics in the European Parliament”, American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 50, No. 2 (Apr), pp. 494-511. Kingah, Stephen; Cofelice, Andrea (2012), “EU’s Engagement with African (Sub)Regional Parliaments of ECOWAS, SADC, the EAC and the AU”. UNU-CRIS Working Papers. Kreppel, Amie (2002), The European Parliament and Supranational Party System: a study in institutional development (Cambridge University Press). Lenz, Tobias (2013), “EU normative power and regionalism: Ideational diffusion and its limits”, Cooperation and Conflict, 48: 211. Luciano, Bruno T (2012), “A Inclusão da Representatividade Direta no Parlamento do Mercosul. Boletim de Economia e Política Internacional, Ed.11, Brasília.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 39 Mahoney, James; Rueschemeyer, Dietrich (2003), “Comparative Historical Analysis: achievements and agenda”. In Mahoney, James; Rueschemeyer, Dietrich. Comparative Historical Analysis in Social Sciences (Cambridge University Press). Malamud, Andrés; Sousa, Luís de (2007), “Regional Parliaments in Europe and Latin America: Between Empowerment and Irrelevance”. In Hoffmann, Andrea Ribeiro and van der Vleuten, Anna (eds.), Closing or Widening the Gap? Legitimacy and Democracy in Regional International Organizations (Aldershot: Ashgate). Manners, Ian (2002), “Normative Power Europe: a Contradiction in term?” JCMS, Vol. 40, No.2. Mariano, Karina (2011), “The Parliamentary Dimension of Mercosur”. Paper Presented at Joint IPSA-ECPR Conference, São Paulo, 16 Feb. Medeiros, Marcelo (2008), “Legitimidade, Democracia e Accountability no Mercosul”. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, vol. 23, no. 67, junho. Mpanyane, Saki (2009), “Transformation of the Pan-African Parliament: A path to a legislative body?” ISS Paper 181. Nzewi, Ogochukwu (2013), “Influence and Legitimacy in African Regional Parliamentary Assemblies: The Case of the Pan-African Parliament’s Search for Legislative Powers”. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 0 (0). Pierson, Paul (1998), “The Path to European Integration: a historical-institucionalist analysis”. In Sandholtz, W.; Sweet, A (Orgs). European Integration and Supranational Governance (Oxford University Press). Rittberger, Berthold (2003), “The Creation and Empowerment of the European Parliament.” JCMS, Vol. 41, No 2, pp. 203-25. Ruland, Jurgen (2012), “The Limits of Democratizing Interest Representation: Asean's Regional Corporatism and Normative Challenges”. European Journal of International Relations, 0 (0). Sil, Rudra (2009), “Area Studies, Comparative Politics, and the Role of Cross-Regional Small-N Comparison”, Qualitative & Multi-Method Research, Fall. Thelen, Kathleen (1999), “Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Politics”. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci. 2. Vázquez, Mariana (2005), “The Parliament Dimension of Regional Integration. A Comparison of the European Union and MERCOSUR”. Lisboa: CIES e-Working Paper, No 2. Vullers, Johannes (2014), “Geographical Patterns of Analysis in IR Research: Representative Cross-Regional Comparison as a way forward”. GIGA Working Papers, No 254.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 40 VINASSE APPLICATION AND CESSATION OF BURNING IN SUGARCANE MANAGEMENT CAN HAVE POSITIVE IMPACT ON SOIL CARBON STOCKS
Caio Fernandes Zani, Arlete S. Barneze, Andy D. Robertson, Aidan M. Keith, Carlos E. P. Cerri, Niall P. McNamara, Carlos C. Cerri
Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo and Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre Main author email: [email protected]
Abstract: Recent studies have highlighted the potential for bioenergy crops, such as sugarcane, to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through soil carbon (C) sequestration reducing demands for non-renewable fossil fuels. Sugarcane ethanol has been gaining ground in international markets but improved understanding regarding management practices is required. Improved sugarcane management practices (e.g. reduced biomass removal, application of co-products) may be used to provide further mitigation through increase soil C sequestration, and reduced GHG emission. This study evaluates the impacts of management practice changes under areas of sugarcane production in Brazil. We explore how transitions from conventional (mineral fertiliser/burning) to improved (vinasse application/unburned) practices influence soil C stocks in total and fractionated soil down to 1 metre. Additionally, the CENTURY model was used to simulate management changes beyond the temporal extent of measurements. The vinasse application had higher soil C stock at 0-40cm depth after change from no vinasse management. The C stock was not different at topsoil (0-20cm) after change from burned to unburned practice however unburned had higher values at 30-60cm depth. Conversely, C stocks in the Silt+Clay fraction (<53μm) of topsoil were significantly higher in the unburned but did not differ for vinasse comparison. Model simulations indicated that vinasse alone was not the key factor driving increases in soil C stocks but its application may be the most readily available practice to prevent the soil C losses under burned management. Cessation of burning may increase topsoil C by 40% after ~50 years. These are the first data relating management transitions within a single area. Our findings indicate the both vinasse application and the cessation of burning can play an important role in reducing the payback time associated with sugarcane for ethanol production.
Keywords: Bioenergy crop, Century model simulations, Loess regression, Management practice changes, Physical fractionation, Soil carbon profile.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 41 MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References: Goldemberg J, Mello FFC, Cerri CEP, Davies CA, Cerri CC. Meeting the global demand for biofuels in 2021 through sustainable land use change policy. Energ Policy 2014; 69:14-18. Fargione J, Hill J, TIlman D, Polasky S, Hawthorne P. Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt. Science 2008; 319(5867):1235-1238. Mello FC, Cerri CEP, Davies CA, Holbrook NM, Paustian K, Maia SMF, et al. Payback 620 time for soil carbon and sugar-cane ethanol. Nature Climate Change 2014; 4:605–609.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 42 O SAMPLE COMO ENUNCIAÇÃO IDEOLÓGICA NO DISCURSO DA CANÇÃO DE PERIFERIA Camila Cristina de Oliveira Alves
Departamento de Linguística, Universidade Estadual Paulista Department of Comparative Literature and Culture, Queen Mary University of London [email protected]
Abstract: O presente trabalho busca desenvolver uma metodologia de análise baseada no conceito de discurso citado pautado na sociologia da arte, proposto por Volochínov, linguista e membro do Círculo de Bakhtin, aplicada à canção brasileira de periferia. Desse modo, propõe-se analisar os recursos de linguagem utilizados em gêneros musicais provenientes do Hip Hop em contexto brasileiro, entre os quais consideramos: Rap, Funk Carioca e Tecnobrega. Considerando esses gêneros como estéticas periféricas, procura-se fazer uma reflexão analítica da arte enquanto cultura compartilhada, levando em conta fatores como produção, recepção e circulação desses discursos, avaliando as relações dialógicas das canções, observando como se dá o processo de representatividade de sujeitos pertencentes a dados grupos, bem como a ideologia materializada nesses enunciados. A utilização massiva de recursos eletrônicos que se configura na atualidade teve seu início simultaneamente com o surgimento do Hip Hop, movimento permeado de representatividade, inicialmente oriundo dos guetos, que se manifestou de forma similar, com suas variantes locais, em diversas partes do mundo, rompendo paradigmas sociais e estéticos e estabelecendo novas formas de criação artística. Nesse contexto inserem-se os recursos linguísticos que buscamos analisar: samples e remixagens, que são a prática de utilizar trechos de registros sonoros executados anteriormente em composições musicais originais para montar uma nova composição feita desses recortes e colagens, modo de produção tipicamente pós-moderno. O sample é o trecho musical utilizado, recorte que é retirado de uma música para ser inserido em novos beats. Esse recurso composicional característico da linguagem musical eletrônica se manifesta nas canções como uma representação da alteridade, já que extrai-se a voz do outro para colocá-la em discurso artístico e ideológico com outro(s), dialogando com a composição antiga, seja para negá-la ou concordar com o discurso anteriormente feito, agora ressignificado. Levando em consideração o fato de que a manifestação pela palavra é uma prática relevante para o Hip Hop, entende-se que é por meio disso que esse movimento agrega indivíduos, por meio da identificação com esses discursos, pela sua representatividade em determinadas comunidades. Não se considera nesta pesquisa a estética da colagem como falta de originalidade, ao contrário disso, sabe-se que esse recurso é tipicamente encontrado em
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 43 outras formas de arte contemporânea. Ainda que no início dessa prática, tenha-se questionado alguns valores referente às leis de direitos autorais, a estética hip-hop soube burlar as regras ideologicamente discutindo os valores de propriedade cultural, ao mesmo tempo em que se inseria no contexto pós-moderno de produção artística. Por meio de um método qualitativo: descritivo, interpretativo e analítico, portanto, calcamos nossas categorias de análise no método dialético-dialógico da linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin, observando a síncrese de sujeitos enunciadores existente na composição de canções hip- hop brasileiras, observando as vozes presentes nessas manifestações materializadas em discursos identitários que dialogam com ouvintes-destinatários num determinado contexto de produção. O fazer artístico na concepção bakhtiniana de discurso é uma forma especial de inter-relação entre criador e contemplador fixada em uma obra de arte. Assim, procuramos demonstrar como esses recursos de citação linguística na música estabelecem novos modos para essa inter-relação.
Palavras–chave: Análise Linguística, Cultura Popular, Discurso Ideológico, Música Brasileira.
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE PÔSTER
Referências ANDRADE, J. P. Cidade cantada: educação e experiência estética. São Paulo: Editora UNESP, 2010. CASSOTTI, R. S. “Music, Answerability, and Interpretation in Bakhtin’s Circle: Reading together M.M. Bakhtin, I.I. Sollertinsky, and M.v. Yudina”, in Orekhov, B.V. Chronotope and Environs, Fetschift N. Pan’kov, Ufá, Vagant, 2010, pp. 113-120. STAM, R. Bakhtin da teoria literária à cultura de massa. São Paulo: Ática, 1992. TATIT, L. A. de M. Semiótica da canção: melodia e letra. 3ed. São Paulo: Editora Escuta, 2007. VOLOCHÍNOV, V. N. A Construção da Enunciação e outros ensaios. Tradução de J. W. Geraldi. São Carlos: Pedro & João Editores, 2013. ______. Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem. São Paulo: Hucitec, 2009.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 44 MICROFOSSILS AND HOW THEY PUT FUEL IN YOUR CAR Carlos D’Apolito
Earth Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK [email protected]
Abstract: Microscopic fossils are fragments of or entire organisms hardly or not seen with the naked eye. They are widespread in the deep time geological record and constitute one of the best archives about Earth’s history. Examples of these are pollen, spores, benthic and planktonic calcareous algae, dinoflagellates, etc. As with all beings, they appear and disappear only once in their span of existence. We take advantage of this unique feature of species to study their stratigraphical ranges, i.e. their distribution in sequences of rocks and thus we can correlate distant rock beds based on the microfossils they hold. Also, by coupling independent radiometric dating techniques to microfossil occurrences, ages can be assigned to fossil species and therefore they become age indicators. This work is termed ‘biostratigraphy’ and it has direct uses in geology, with a special focus in the oil industry. Knowing the age of a rock is sometimes a hard task and such information is a precious commodity for geologists. As a biostratigrapher, it is my job to carefully distinguish between hundreds to thousands of different microfossil morphologies and record their presence and abundance patterns through time. This knowledge is then used to solve many geological problems that in turn help the prospection of oil. In this talk, I will elaborate on the foundations of biostratigraphy, give examples of its microfossil constituents, including my doctoral work on the history of Amazonia, and show applications in basic science and industry, demonstrating how the study of organisms under the microscope is an everyday work that helps fill our vehicles with fuel.
Keywords: biostratigraphy, geology, microfossils, oil industry.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
List of references: Armstrong, H. A. & Brasier, M. D. (2005) Microfossils, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 296 pp.
Hoorn, C., Wesselingh, F.P., ter Steege, H., Bermudez, M.A., Mora, A., Sanmartín, J.S.I., Sanchez-Meseguer, A., Anderson, C.L., Figueiredo, J.P., Jaramillo, C., Riff, D.D., Negri, F.R., Hooghiemstra, H., Lundberg, J., Stadler, T., Sarkinen, T., Antonelli, A. (2010a).
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 45 Amazonia through time: Andean uplift, climate change, landscape evolution and biodiversity. Science, 330: 927–931.
Jansonius, J. and McGregor, D. C. (1996) Palynology, principles and applications. Dallas, American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation.
Jaramillo, C.A., Rueda, M., Vladimir, T. (2011) A palynological zonation for the Cenozoic of the Llanos and Llanos Foothills of Colombia. Palynology, 35, 46–84.
Traverse, A. (2007) Paleopalynology, 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 813.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 46 NEW APPROACHES TO DEVELOP NOVEL LEPTOSPIROSIS VACCINES Carlos Eduardo Pouey da Cunha1,2, Odir Antonio Dellagostin2 and Johnjoe McFadden1
1Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK 2Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil [email protected] / [email protected]
Abstract: Leptospirosis is a re-emerging worldwide zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp, which comprise more than 300 serovars [1]. Humans are usually infected by contact with water or soil contaminated with urine of infected animals [2]. Illness ranges from asymptomatic infection, a flu-like disease or, in severe cases, haemorrhagic pulmonary syndrome or Weil’s disease [1,2]. The latest prediction (2015) estimates approximately 1 million cases and 58,900 mortalities per year in humans [3]. Main preventive measures are investments in infrastructure and sanitation and vaccination of animals [4]. Even though effective, current vaccines are reatogenic, serovar-specific and have limited time-range protection, being allowed for human use in a few countries only [5]. Recombinant subunit vaccines have the potential to overcome these issues. However, a target that is able to confer long-lasting, cross-protective immunization is still to be discovered. Because pathogenic Leptospira spp. have many proteins with redundant functions, we’ve decided to immunize hamsters with recombinant chimeras comprised of a myriad of OMPs. This approach has yielded promising results and more antigens or alternative ways of antigen presentation are currently being assessed (data not yet published). Furthermore, we are screening outer membrane proteins with convalescent sera of human leptospirosis patients in order to find novel proteins recognized by the immune system with the potential for vaccine development [6]. This way, we aim to develop a safe, cross-protective vaccine capable of conferring long-lasting immunization for both human and animal subjects.
Keywords: Immuneproteome, leptospirosis, vaccine development, zoonosis.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
Bibliography
1. Adler B. Leptospira and Leptospirosis. Springer; 2015. doi:10.1007/978-3-642- 03858-7
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 47 2. Ko AI, Goarant C, Picardeau M. Leptospira: the dawn of the molecular genetics era for an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Nat Rev Microbiol. Nature Publishing Group; 2009;7: 736–47. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2208 3. Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, Kane M, Torgerson P, Martinez-Silveira MS, et al. Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015; 1–19. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898 4. McBride AJA, Athanazio DA, Reis MG, Ko AI. Leptospirosis. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2005;18: 376–386. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000178824.05715.2c 5. Dellagostin OA, Grassmann AA, Hartwig DD, Félix SR, da Silva ÉF, McBride AJA. Recombinant vaccines against leptospirosis. Hum Vaccin. 2011;7: 1215–24. doi:10.4161/hv.7.11.17944 6. Newcombe J, Mendum TA, Ren CP, McFadden J. Identification of the immunoproteome of the meningococcus by cell surface immunoprecipitation and MS. Microbiol (United Kingdom). 2014;160: 429–438. doi:10.1099/mic.0.071829-0
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 48 MULTILAYER MEMBRANES FOR INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS AT LOW HUMIDITY Carolina Musse Branco, Surbhi Sharma, Robert Steinberger-Wilckens
The Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom [email protected]
Abstract: Climate change and the fossil fuels exhaustion create the need to research and develop clean energy generation systems. Fuel cells (FC) are one of the promising alternatives. It is a device, which transforms chemical energy to electrical energy through hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction and has only heat and water as directly by- products. Among the diverse types of FCs, Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) has been highlighted for automotive applications. The operating temperature for a standard PEFC is 80 to 100 °C. Recent studies have shown that if this operating temperature is increased to intermediate temperatures (IT) as 120 °C, the overall PEFC performance should also enhance. At this temperature, the chemical reactions are accelerated and the water and heat management are facilitated. The water is expected to be in the vapour phase, simplifying the gas flow channels and pressure maintenance. The temperature difference between external environment and the FC also increases and heat rejection and removal by heat exchangers is enhanced. Smaller cooling systems can therefore be used reducing the weight and economic costs of PEFC systems. However, some PEFC components do not perform satisfactorily at 120 °C, compromising the whole IT- PEFC set up. The polymer membrane is one such component. In the core of a PEFC, there are two electrodes and a membrane. This membrane has three main functions: i) proton transport; ii) electrons insulation enabling external current flow; iii) impermeability to the fuel gases. Water present inside the membrane is responsible for the proton transport. The current commercial standard membrane is Nafion® from Du Pont Co. Although it displays outstanding performance at 80 °C, it decays under IT-PEFC conditions if not humidified. Moreover, Nafion cannot hold enough water at 120 °C. In this study, a multilayer membrane (MM) which would be able to hold water and consequently keep the proton conductivity at IT and low humidity conditions is investigated. This would make the humidification set up simpler, reducing the overall cost and complexity of a FC. The MM is composed of two external layers of Nafion and one inner layer of graphene oxide (GO). GO in the inner layer is able to hold water through its hydrophilic polar groups at 120 °C. However, it needs external layers to provide the mechanical structure and to keep the dimensions restricted. The membranes were developed by two methods, hot pressing and
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 49 casting. The cast Nafion/GO/Nafion with 4.5 wt.% and 2.5 wt.% of GO showed proton conductivity 6 and 3.5x higher than Nafion single layer with 20% of relative humidity (RH) and 2.3 and 1.6x with 60 % of RH respectively. Nafion water uptake was found to be 18%, while for the cast MM with 2.5 wt.% and 4.5 wt.% GO the water uptake was 32% and 27%, respectively. Accordingly, GO affects the retention of water. After the preliminary evaluations, the MM showed a good perspective to be applied in IT-PEFC contributing to superior overall performance.
Keywords: Fuel Cell, Graphene Oxide, Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, Proton Exchange Membrane
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL PRESENTATION
References
[1] C.M. Branco, S. Sharma, M.M. de Camargo Forte, R. Steinberger-Wilckens, Journal of Power Sources, 316 (2016) 139-159. [2] A. Chandan, M. Hattenberger, A. El-kharouf, S. Du, A. Dhir, V. Self, B.G. Pollet, A. Ingram, W. Bujalski, Journal of Power Sources, 231 (2013) 264-278. [3] H. Zarrin, D. Higgins, Y. Jun, Z. Chen, M. Fowler, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 115 (2011) 20774-20781. [4] J. Larmine, A. Dicks, Fuel Cell System Explained, John Wiley & Sons, 2003. [5] W. Gao, G. wu, M.T. Janicke, D.A. Cullen, R. Mukundan, J.K. Baldwin, E.L. Brosha, C. Galande, P.M. Ajayan, K.L. More, A.M. Dattelbaum, P. Zelany, Angewandte Chemie, 126 (2014) 3662 –3667.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 50 THE GEOGRAPHIES OF ACADEMIC CONFERENCES ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BRAZIL, 1986-2013 Christiane Fabíola Momm
Regional University of Blumenau – FURB, Brazil/Loughborough University, UK [email protected]/[email protected]
Abstract: The geography of academic meetings has been less extensively studied than other aspects in the history, sociology and geography of scientific knowledge. Therefore, the aim of this PhD research is to analyze the development and spatial reach of two major academic conference series on regional development in Brazil: the International Seminar of Regional Development (SIDR) organized by the Regional University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC) and the National Meeting of the National Association in Regional and Urban Planning in Postgraduate and Research Programs (ENANPUR). The research uses a mixed methodology considering the quantitative and qualitative aspects of secondary data. According to the first findings, there has been an increase in the number of delegates and papers presented in these two conferences over the past ten years, with a relatively positive gender balance. There is a paradox concerning geographical reach of these two conferences. The International Seminar of Regional Development (SIDR) always takes place in same city Santa Cruz do Sul in the South of Brazil and is an “international” meeting but has very few attendees from overseas. In contrast, ENANPUR is called a national meeting, but constantly changes its location within Brazil and presenters from more than 15 different international institutions and universities have attended in the last two decades.
Keywords: Academic conferences, Brazil, Geography, Regional Development.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References BATHELT, H., & SCHULDT, N. (2008) Between Luminaires and Meat Grinders: International Trade Fairs as Temporary Clusters. Regional Studies, 42: 6, pp. 853-868. DELANEY, D. (2005) Territory: a short introduction. Oxford – UK: Blackwell publishing. EPPLE, A. (1997) Organizing Scientific Meetings. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press LTD.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 51 HEFFERNAN, M.; JÖNS, H. (2013) Research travel and disciplinary identities in the University of Cambridge, 1885–1955. The British Journal for the History of Science, 46:02, June, pp. 255 – 286. LIVINGSTONE, D. N. (2013) Putting science in its place: geographies of scientific knowledge. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. MCCALL, T. (2010). What do we mean by Regional Development? NAYLOR, S. (2005) Introduction: historical geographies of science – places, contexts, cartographies. The British Journal for the History of Science, 38:1, March, pp. 1 – 12. OGBORN, M. (2004) Geographia’s pen: writing, geography and the arts of commerce, 1660 – 1760. Journal of Historical Geography, 1:30, pp.294-315. POWELL, R. C. (2007) Geographies of science: histories, localities, practices, futures. Progress in Human Geography, 31:3, pp. 309–329. SHAPIN, S. (1998) Placing the view from nowhere: historical and sociological problems in the location of Science. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, v. 23, pp. 5–12. STOREY, D. (2012) Territories: the claiming of space. New York: Routledge.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 52 CALVARIAL OSTEOGENESIS AT THE NEURAL-CREST MESODERM INTERFACE Daniel Doro, Kshemendra Senarath-Yapa, William Barrell, Heather Szabo-Rogers, Marc Dionne, Agamemnon Grigoriadis, Karen Liu
King’s College London – Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology [email protected]
Abstract: The skull bones are derived from two different embryonic lineages: the neural crest and mesoderm(1). Intriguingly, neural crest-derived frontal osteoblasts appear more osteogenic than those derived from the mesodermal parietal bone(2,3,4). Whether the mesodermal osteoblasts require specific signals from the underlying neural crest-derived dura mater and the adjacent frontal bone is still not well described. Our lineage traced osteogenic differentiation reveals that isolated parietal osteoblasts have very little capability of making mineralized nodules in vitro, whereas frontal osteoblasts are significantly more efficient in this task. However, when cultured together, parietal osteoblasts can now contribute equivalently to nodule formation, suggesting that frontal osteoblasts provide cues promoting the osteogenic programme. Furthermore, comparative immunoblots of the isolated populations reveal increased endogenous activation of canonical Wnt signalling in frontal osteoblasts. Also, microarray analysis reveals upregulation of the Wnt antagonist SOSTDC1 in frontal osteoblasts, potentially suggesting a mechanism of compensation for the enhanced Wnt signalling found in these cells. We are currently testing the possibility that in vivo, the parietal osteoblasts respond to cues provided by the underlying neural crest- derived dura mater(5,6,7). To identify these novel osteogenic signals we also present microarray and kinase profiling.
Keywords: Boundary, Calvaria, Development, Mesoderm, Neural Crest, Wnt regulation
PRESENTATION MODALITY: POSTER PRESENTATION / 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References Jiang et al., Devel Biol 2002 Quarto et al., JBMR 2010 -Li S Quarto N and Longaker M Plos One 2010 Li S et al., Plos One 2015 Lineage tracing Muzumdar et al., Genesis 2007 Danielan et al., Current Biology 1998
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 53 Sosic et al., Cell 2003
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 54 A BRAZILIAN WRITER IN THE WAR: ANTONIO CALLADO’S ENGLISH YEARS DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR Daniel Mandur Thomaz
University of Oxford [email protected]
Abstract: Discovered in BBC archives, unknown documents and original radio-drama scripts written by Brazilian writer and journalist Antônio Callado (1917-1997), and broadcast by the BBC during World War II, call for a radical reassessment of the role and production of this politically and socially engaged intellectual, a key figure in allowing us to better understand the relationship between Aesthetics and Politics in Brazil. Antônio Callado, considered by critics including Raymond L. Williams (2007), as one of the major Latin American novelists of the 20th century, played an emblematic role within political movements of resistance against authoritarianism during the years of military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985), both on a personal level, through his repeated persecution and imprisonment, and in his writing. Current studies on Callado abide by a consensus that dates the beginning of his literary output to the 1950s (Leite, 1984; Ridenti, 2002; Martineli, 2006). Yet, as a young writer and journalist during the '40s, he was hired by the BBC Latin American Service to work in London, covering World War II, a seminal experience that enabled him to sharpen his global perspective on political issues in Latin America and beyond. Mindful of the significance of this period in the author’s career, this paper takes as its starting point my recent discovery of hitherto forgotten documents and scripts, in order to understand the development of his career, his literary production and his place in recent Brazilian cultural history.
Keywords: Antônio Callado, Radio-drama, Brazilian Literature, BBC
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References: Leite, Ligia Chiappini (1984) Quando a pátria viaja: uma leitura dos romances de Antonio Callado. Havana: Casa de las Americas. Martinelli, Marcos (2006) Antonio Callado: Um Sermonário à Brasileira. São Paulo: Annablume. Ridenti, Marcelo (2002) A guerrilha de Antonio Callado. In: KUSHNIR, Beatriz (org). Perfis cruzados: trajetórias e militância política no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Imago. p. 23-53.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 55 Williams, Raymond L. (2007) The Columbia Guide to the Latin American Novel Since 1945. New York: Columbia University Press
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 56 LITERATURE REVIEW: THE MOST COMMON METASTASIS MECHANISMS Daniella Guimarães Cavalcanti Freitas
Queen Mary University of London / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [email protected]
Abstract: Metastasis is composed of various steps, characterised by the spread of cancer cells from their tissue of origin, followed by growth in other organs. This process has a major importance to clinical management of cancer patients, once recent studies showed that 60 to 70% of these patients had already initiated the metastatic cascade upon diagnosis and that patients with small primary tumours and node negative status upon diagnosis have from 15 to 25% risk of devolving metastasis. Therefore, it is clear that the comprehension of each one of these steps is essential for the design of innovative therapeutic approaches. Albeit, the metastatic cascade is significantly intricate, once it relies not only on the tumour cell, but also in the organism as a whole, which makes the metastatic process remain “terra incognita” for cancer researchers. Notwithstanding, recent papers have displayed relevant insights, which helped further a little our understanding on the matter, being the objective of this literature review to summarise our present comprehension. Despite the complex process composing metastasis, the several studies shown in this review have been able to shed a light at the characterization of the metastatic steps, and as to why cancer cells acquire motility. Equally relevant information displayed in this review is regarding some recent discoveries in the oncology field, such as the existence of a pre-metastatic niche, the tumour potential of having components with stem cell-like properties, the contribution of the tumour microenvironment to tumour growth, and the surprising part played by macrophages in cancer propagation. Despite all of these new information, several details of the metastatic steps remain unclear. There are various contradictions regarding the characteristics of metastasis, which are results of the wide research done in this subject. Even though, despite these contradictions, the important point is that, with each study, we are getting closer to knowing more metastatic characteristics, and this is essential for the elaboration of new cancer therapies.
Keywords: Cancer, metastasis, tumour.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 57 Sahai E. Mechanisms of cancer cell invasion. Curr Opin Genet Dev. (2005) Feb;15(1):87-96. Van Zijl F., Krupitza G, Mikulits W. Initial steps of metastasis: cell invasion and endothelial transmigration. Mutat Res. (2011) Jul-Oct;728(1-2):23-34 Schmidt-Kittler O., et al. From latent disseminated cells to overt metastasis: genetic analysis of systemic breast cancer progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (2003), 100:7737-7742. 4- Heimann R, Hellman S: Clinical progression of breast cancer malignant behavior: what to expect and when to expect it. J Clin Oncol (2000), 18:591-599. 5- Chambers A.F, Groom A.C., MacDonald I.C. Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites, Nat. Rev. Cancer 2 (2002) 563–572. 6- Mehlen P., Puisieux A., Metastasis: a question of life or death, Nat. Rev. Cancer 6 (2006) 449–458. 7- Hunter K.W., Crawford N.P., Alsarraj J. Mechanisms of metastasis. Breast Cancer Research : BCR. (2008);10(Suppl 1):S2. 8- Christofori G., New signals from the invasive front, Nature 441 (2006) 444–450.
9- Thiery J.P., Epithelial–mesenchymal transitions in tumour progression, Nat. Rev. Cancer 2 (2002) 442–454. 10- Futreal P.A., et al. A census of human cancer genes. Nat Rev Cancer (2004), 4:177-183. 11- Geiger T.R., Peeper D.S. Metastasis mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta. (2009) Dec;1796(2):293-308. 12- Jechlinger M., et al. Expression profiling of epithelial plasticity in tumor progression, Oncogene 22 (2003) 7155–7169. 13- Yang J., Weinberg R.A., Epithelial–mesenchymal transition: at the crossroads of development and tumor metastasis, Dev. Cell 14 (2008) 818–829. 14- R.B. Hazan, G.R. Phillips, R.F. Qiao, L. Norton, S.A. Aaronson, Exogenous expression of N-cadherin in breast cancer cells induces cell migration, invasion, and metastasis, J. Cell Biol. 148 (2000) 779–790. 15- Nieman M.T., et al. N-cadherin promotes motility in human breast cancer cells regardless of their E-cadherin expression, J. Cell Biol. 147 (1999) 631–644. 16- Yamaguchi H., Condeelis J. Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in cancer cell migration and invasion. Biochim Biophys Acta. (2007) May;1773(5):642-52. 17- Nicholson-Dykstra S., Higgs H.N., Harris E.S., Actin dynamics: growth from dendritic branches, Curr. Biol. 15 (2005) R346–R357.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 58 18- Buccione R., Orth J.D., McNiven M.A., Foot and mouth: podosomes, invadopodia and circular dorsal ruffles, Nat. Rev., Mol. Cell Biol. 5 (2004) 647–657. 19- Geiger T.R., Peeper D.S., The neurotrophic receptor TrkB in anoikis resistance and metastasis: a perspective, Cancer Res. 65 (2005) 7033–7036. 20- Zhu Z., et al. Anoikis and metastatic potential of cloudman S91 melanoma cells, Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 1707–1716. 21- Guo W., Giancotti F.G., Integrin signalling during tumour progression, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 5 (2004) 816–826. 22- Janes S.M., Watt F.M., New roles for integrins in squamous-cell carcinoma, Nat. Rev. Cancer 6 (2006) 175–183. 23- McLean G.W., et al. The role of focal-adhesion kinase in cancer—a new therapeutic opportunity, Nat. Rev. Cancer 5 (2005) 505–515. 24- Douma S., et al. Suppression of anoikis and induction of metastasis by the neurotrophic receptor TrkB, Nature 430 (2004) 1034–1039. 25- Gimbrone M.A., et al. Tumor dormancy in vivo by prevention of neovascularization, J. Exp. Med. 136 (1972) 261–276. 26- Semenza G.L., Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy, Nat. Rev. Cancer 3 (2003) 721–732. 27- McDonald D.M., Choyke P.L., Imaging of angiogenesis: from microscope to clinic, Nat. Med. 9 (2003) 713–725. 28- Padera T.P., et al. Lymphatic metastasis in the absence of functional intratumor lymphatics, Science 296 (2002) 1883–1886. 29- Cao Y., Opinion: emerging mechanisms of tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, Nat. Rev. Cancer 5 (2005) 735–743. 30- Carr J., et al. Lymphatic metastasis: invasion of lymphatic vessels and efflux of tumour cells in the afferent popliteal lymph as seen in the Walker rat carcinoma, J. Pathol. 132 (1980) 287–305. 31- Chang Y.S., et al. Mosaic blood vessels in tumors: frequency of cancer cells in contact with flowing blood, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 97 (2000) 14608–14613. 32- Wyckoff J.B., et al. A critical step in metastasis: in vivo analysis of intravasation at the primary tumor, Cancer Res. 60 (2000) 2504–2511. 33- Funke I., Schraut W., Meta-analyses of studies on bone marrow micrometastases: an independent prognostic impact remains to be substantiated, J. Clin. Oncol. 16 (1998) 557–566.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 59 34- Paterlini-Brechot P., Benali N.L., Circulating tumor cells (CTC) detection: clinical impact and future directions, Cancer Lett. 253 (2007) 180–204. 35- Zach O., Lutz D., Tumor cell detection in peripheral blood and bone marrow, Curr. Opin. Oncol. 18 (2006) 48–56. 36- Fidler I.J., Metastasis: quantitative analysis of distribution and fate of tumor embolilabeled with 125 I-5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 45 (1970) 773–782. 37- Padua D., et al. TGFbeta primes breast tumors for lung metastasis seeding through angiopoietin- like 4, Cell 133 (2008) 66–77. 38- Talmadge J.E., Wolman S.R., I.J. Fidler, Evidence for the clonal origin of spontaneous metastases, Science 217 (1982) 361–363. 39- Luzzi K.J., et al. Multistep nature of metastatic inefficiency: dormancy of solitary cells after successful extravasation and limited survival of early micrometastases, Am. J. Pathol. 153 (1998) 865–873. 40- Morris V.L., et al. Sequential steps in hematogenous metastasis of cancer cells studied by in vivo videomicro scopy, Invasion Metastasis 17 (1997) 281–296. 41- Fidler I.J. The pathogenesis of cancer metastasis: the ‘seed and soil’ hypothesis revisited, Nat. Rev. Cancer.(2003) 3: 453–458. 42- Kaplan, R.N., et al. VEGFR1-positive haematopoietic bone marrow progenitors initiate the pre-metastatic niche. Nature (2005) 438(7069), 820–827. 43- Sceneay J., Smyth M.J., Möller A. The pre-metastatic niche: finding common ground. Cancer Metastasis Rev. (2013) Dec;32(3-4):449-64. 44- Harris, A. L. Hypoxia—a key regulatory factor in tumour growth. Nature Reviews. Cancer, (2002) 2(1), 38–47. 45- Erler, J. T., et al. Hypoxia-induced lysyl oxidase is a critical mediator of bone marrow cell recruitment to form the premetastatic niche. Cancer Cell (2009): 15(1), 35–44. 46- Wong, C. C., et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 is a master regulator of breast cancer metastatic niche formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, (2011) 108(39), 16369–16374. 47- Sceneay, J., et al. Primary tumor hypoxia recruits CD11b+/Ly6Cmed/Ly6G+ immune suppressor cells and com- promises NK cell cytotoxicity in the premetastatic niche. Cancer Research, (2012) 72, 3906–11. 48- Youn, J. I., et al. Subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice. Journal of Immunology (2008), 181(8), 5791–5802. 49- Sell S. & Pierce G. B. Maturation arrest of stem cell differentiation is a common pathway for the cellular origin of teratocarcinomas and epithelial cancers. Lab. Invest.(1994) 70, 6–22
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 60 50- Reya T., et al. Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells. Nature (2001) 414, 105– 111 51- Pardal R., Clarke M.F., Morrison S.J. Applying the principles of stem-cell biology to cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. (2003) Dec;3(12):895-902 52- Massague J. TGFbeta in cancer, Cell (2008) 134 :215–230. 53- Gaggioli C., et al. Fibroblast-led collective invasion of carcinoma cells with differing roles for RhoGTPases in leading and following cells, Nat. Cell Biol (2007). 9: 1392– 1400. 54- D. Hanahan, R.A. Weinberg, The hallmarks of cancer, Cell (2000) 100: 57–70. 55- Bingle L., Brown N.J., and Lewis C.E. The role of tumour-associated macrophages in tumour progression: implications for new anticancer thera- pies. J. Pathol. (2002) 196 :254– 265. 56- Condeelis J., and Pollard J.W. Macrophages: obligate partners for tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Cell (2006) 124:, 263–266. 57- Berg D.J., et al. Enterocolitis and colon cancer in interleukin-10-deficient mice are associated with aberrant cytokine production and CD4(+) TH1-like responses. J. Clin. Invest. (2006) 98:, 1010–1020. 58- Deng L. et al.. A novel mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease links mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent hyperproliferation of colonic epithelium to inflammation- associated tumori- genesis. Am. J. Pathol. (2010) 176:, 952–967. 59- Enzler, T., et al. Deficiencies of GM-CSF and interferon gamma link inflammation and cancer. J. Exp. Med. (2003) 197:,1213–1219. 60- Meira L.B., et al. DNA damage induced by chronic inflammation contributes to colon carcino- genesis in mice. J. Clin. Invest. (2008) 118:, 2516–2525. 61- Colotta F. et al. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis (2009) 30:,1073–1081. 62- DeNardo, D.G., et al. CD4(+) T cells regulate pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinomas by enhancing protumor properties of macrophages. Cancer Cell (2009) 16:, 91– 102. 63- Condeelis, J., and Pollard, J.W. Macrophages: obligate partners for tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Cell (2006) 124:, 263–266. 64- Lin E.Y., et al. Colony-stimulating factor 1 promotes progression of mammary tumors to malignancy. J. Exp. Med. (2001) 193:, 727–740. 65- Qian B.Z., Pollard J.W. Macrophage diversity enhances tumor progression and metastasis. Cell. (2010) Apr 2;141(1):39-51. 66- Zumsteg A., and Christofori G. Corrupt policemen: inflammatory cells promote tumor angiogenesis. Curr. Opin. Oncol (2009). 21:, 60–70.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 61 67- Murdoch C., et al. The role of myeloid cells in the promotion of tumour angiogenesis. Nat. Rev. Cancer (2008) 8,: 618–631.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 62 THE UNTOLD STORY OF FINANCIAL EXCLUSION IN BRAZIL: A REALIST APPROACH TO THE ORIGINS AND DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL PRACTICES IN LOW INCOME COMMUNITIES. Danielle Santanna,
Economics Division, Leeds University Business School Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT This brief presentation will set out the structure of the thesis project, covering theoretical background, object of analysis and proposed methodology. One of the challenges in researching financial exclusion is that this nomenclature encompasses several very distinct research traditions. The financial inclusion (FI) policies advocated by national governments and international organizations are radically detached from the field of research in which the concept emerged, in terms of its assumptions, its scope and its implications. We follow Gabor (2015) in differentiating between structural and modern approaches. The research undertaken here, which can be placed as a “return to origins,” takes as its object of study the nature of the relationship between low income communities in Brazil and the financial system, and the ways in which this relationship affects these communities’ vulnerability. It is argued that the model of financial inclusion that prevailed in the country until the beginning of the 2000’s, and whose construction can be traced back to the 1950’s, can be characterized as follows: the access of low income populations to the formal financial system mostly happens through consumer credit, with the intermediation of retail companies, at a high cost. On the one hand this model ensures widespread access to many types of durable goods. On the other it is potentially harmful to the financial health of this public. In addition, when coping with emergencies, this population is still quite vulnerable to informal financial arrangements, so that "inclusion" did not mean access to a cushion against income fluctuations. In order to investigate the structural forces that shape this model, a Critical Realist (CR) methodology is deployed. According to the CR stratified ontology, to understand the observable world one must postulate and empirically substantiate the kind of necessary and contingent relations that produce causal mechanisms that underlie observable events. Building on Lawson (2006), who argues that those relations can be clustered, our methodological strategy is to examine those of finance, labour/welfare and social/urban, which combine, forming a model of FI. Those relations – and combinations – evolve over time: so assessing the frailty or stickiness of any generative causal mechanism requires that analysis be historically grounded. Additionally, assuming that causal mechanisms help to
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 63 define what is possible in “everyday life”, the task of identifying them can be facilitated by capturing everyday experiences and perceptions. This will be done via a case study of Complexo do Alemão, one of the biggest slums in Rio de Janeiro, which will involve interviews and a follow-up survey.
Key words: financial exclusion; critical realism; consumer credit PRESENTATION MODALITY: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References Gabor, D. 2015. Financial exclusion: a critique. IIPPE Annual Conference, 11 September, Leeds.
Lawson, J.2016. Critical realism and housing research. London: Routledge.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 64 CARBON CAPTURE PROCESS VIA ADSORPTION TECHNOLOGY Douglas Soares dos Santos, Joe Wood
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT. [email protected]
Abstract: Separation processes have a large background in the world history, contributing diverse processes to extract more than just one product from the same raw material. Additionally, separation processes can open up possibilities to obtain the same product in different ways, decreasing the obligation to use one raw material to extract only one product. This technique has been applied since early civilizations, for instance, to obtain salt from the sea water by evaporation, extract essential essences from flowers, petrol distillation to obtain countless products and sub products, and other examples (Santos, 2014). The rapid development and implementation of strategies will be necessary in order to apply solutions to climate change since this problem is potentially damaging, as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (Capros et al., 2010). A task that is predicted to become even more challenging is the promotion of the control of the increase of global energy demand (Rubin, 2005). Europe is committed to reducing 80% of emissions of greenhouse gases until 2050, with defined emission reduction targets and promising to comply with these goals on a global scale (Stern, 2006). Regarding electricity production, technologies to reduce the use of carbon have been studied primarily aiming to accomplish a reduction in the use of fossil fuels on a large scale - the reduction of the use of coal and gas in plants that need energy sources (UNFCCC, 2011), for example. Emission reduction proposals can be obtained by: (i) Increased efficiency (up to 20% reduction in CO2 emissions); (ii) Burning biomass with coal (up to 10%), and; (iii) Using CCS technology - which can reduce emissions from power stations by up to 90% and the potential to contribute up to 28% in the reduction of global carbon dioxide emissions until 2050 (Department of Trade and Industry, 2007). Nowadays, a variety of separation processes are commonly applied to treat acidic gases. On the other hand, the main focus of this work is restricted to the adsorption processes and their attributions, comparing with alternative separation methods. Adsorption is considered a promising technology to reduce the emissions of CO2, the main greenhouse gas. Researchers are continually putting a lot of effort to develop adsorbents with high adsorption capacity, fast kinetics, high selectivity, good mechanical properties and stability. Nowadays, new conversion/extraction fuel systems have received more attention in the oil and gas energetic matrix. In parallel, it is extremely important to relate this process with other newer technologies, such as membrane
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 65 permeation and chromatography. Additionally, Algal bio-fixation of CO2 in photo-bioreactor has recently become a potential new technique to combine the biochemical technology in
CO2 capture process to reduce the quantity of chemical solvents used and expanding the microbiology insertion in the oil and gas area. The adsorption process has a variety of adsorbents which might be applied in the natural gas, biogas, and others processes to capture carbon from natural sources. Experiments were started in the Laboratory of Catalysis and Reaction Engineering research group at the University of Birmingham to develop this project conducted via a high pressure system.
Keywords: Carbon capture project, carbon dioxide, adsorption process, oil and gas, adsorbents.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References
CAPROS, P., MANTZOS, L., TASIOS, N., DE VITA, A., and KOUVARITAKIS, N. EU energy trends to 2030 - Update 2009, 2010. DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY. Meeting the Energy Challenge: A White Paper on Energy, 2007. RUBIN, E., MEYER, L., and DE CONINCK, H. IPCC Special Report: Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, 2005.
SANTOS, Douglas Soares dos. Comparative analysis of separation technologies of CO2 from the natural gas processing. Rio de Janeiro, 2014. Master Dissertation (Chemical and Biochemical Technology) – School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2014. STERN, N., Stern Review on The Economics of Climate Change, HM Treasury, London, 2006. UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (UNFCCC). Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010. Part one: Proceedings, 2011.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 66 FOOD WASTE VALORIZATION: DRIVERS & OPPORTUNITIES Eduardo Melo
Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, UK [email protected]
Abstract: Food supply chain by-products can either be regarded as waste or bioresource. To date up to 1.3 billion tonnes of food biomass is wasted every year worldwide (1/3 of all food production) in the several stages of the food supply chain, from which at least 60% could be avoided. Unavoidable food waste such as fruit peels, bagasses, seeds, husks and shells is a well known source of biobased chemicals containing both functionality and heterogeneity necessary for subsequent applications. These chemicals can be extracted using clean cutting-edge technologies as microwave, ultrasound and supercritical fluid extraction and green solvents (water, ethanol or no solvent at all). A broad range of molecules derived from food waste has been reported in literature (volatile compounds, pectin, cellulose, starch, polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, carotenoids, organic acids, proteins, sugars, etc.) and they have place for application in all sector of chemical industry (food & nutrition, health & pharma, cosmetics, paints & dyes, biofuels, agrochemicals, etc.). Nowadays consumers are becoming more and more aware of the unsustainability of our current petro-based industry as well as of their environmental and health consequences. So a new bio-based economy is appearing where biorefineries will replace conventional oil refineries using biorenewable feedstock, clean technologies and green chemistry principles. Some challenges for using food waste as a bioresource are: creating local biorefineries capable of dealing with multiple feedstock streams to recover as much chemicals as possible (zero waste approach); introducing green technologies to emerging economies like Brazil, which is rich in biomass but lacks on suitable technological platform for biomass conversion; and the upscaling of such technologies to process large quantities of available biomass. Keywords: green chemistry, food waste, biomass, clean technology
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL OR 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References: Baiano, A. 2014. “Recovery of Biomolecules from Food Wastes — A Review”. Molecules 19, no. 9: 14821–14842. http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/9/14821/.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 67 FAO. 2014. FAO statistics. http://faostat3.fao.org/faostat- gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E$%5Cbackslash$nhttp://faostat3.fao.org/.
Matharu, A. S., E. M. de Melo, and J. A. Houghton. 2016. “Opportunity for high value-added chemicals from food supply chain wastes”. Biore- sour. Technol. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S096085241630325X.
Pfaltzgraff, L. a., M. De bruyn, E. C. Cooper, V. Budarin, and J. H. Clark. 2013. “Food waste biomass: a resource for high-value chemicals”. Green Chem. 15 (2): 307–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2GC36978H.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 68 DOMINATION STRATEGIES IN STRUGGLES OVER MEGA- EVENTS’ DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: THE RIO DE JANEIRO AND THE JOHANNESBURG CASES Erick Omena de Melo
Oxford Brookes University [email protected]
Abstract: This paper aims to address issues of urban politics that are emerging in semi- peripheral countries as neoliberal policies boosted by the attraction of sports mega-events encounter highly unequal and informal environments. By looking at how local governments have tried to avoid dissent and resistance to land clearance processes associated with sports mega-events, this work intends to analyse the particular ways in which political strategies and tactics of domination are taking shape under such conditions. Using a theoretical framework based on Gramscian concepts, the main research questions orienting this paper are: 1) how the combination between coercive and hegemonic/ideological strategies is manifested in different cases of conflicts over development projects associated with sports mega-events in the so-called developing nations? And 2) what are the possible correlations between the dominant strategic options in such conflicts and the levels of urban informality? Empirical evidence is based on two cases: the regeneration projects related to the refurbishment of the Ellis Park Stadium in Johannesburg for the 2010 FIFA World Cup and the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The methodology consists of semi-structured interviews with community leaders, support groups and local government officials coupled with the analysis of policy documents, media files, and academic literature. As a preliminary result, the author points out that keeping informal settlements as “grey spaces” is key for the prevalence of coercive strategies over hegemonic tools in the Rio de Janeiro and Johannesburg cases. The ambiguity of the planning status given to informal settlements creates room for their criminalization and the discretionary use of a wide range of state coercion tools. Whilst the Brazilian case showed a prioritization of opaque government actions combined with intimidation against those challenging public-private plans, the South African case tended towards the use of co-optation and more violent law enforcement instruments. Conversely, as identified by other studies undertaken by the author, hegemonic/ideological tools have been prioritized in countries at the core of the capitalist world-system.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 69 Keywords: Domination strategies, FIFA world cup, sports mega-events, urban conflicts, urban redevelopment.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References Bourdieu, P. (1986) The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education: 241-258. New York: Greenwood. Davies J. S. (2012) Network governance theory: a Gramscian critique. Environment and Planning A 44 2687–2704 Gramsci, A. (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks, translated and edited © by Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith. McFarlane, C. and Waibel, M. (2012) Urban Informalities. Reflections on the Formal and Informal. London: Ashgate. Robinson, J. (2002) Global and world cities: a view from off the map. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 26: 531–554. ______. (2014). “New Geographies of Theorizing the Urban: Putting Comparison to Work for Global Urban Studies.” InThe Routledge Handbook on Cities of the Global South, edited by S. Parnell and S. Oldfield, 57–70. New York: Routledge. Roy, A (2005) Urban informality: toward an epistemology of planning. Journal of the American Planning, Association 71 (2) 147 – 158 ______(2011) Slumdog cities: Rethinking subaltern urbanism. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 35(2): 223–238 ______(2014). Worlding the South: toward a post-colonial urban theory. In Parnell, S. and Oldfield, S. (eds), The Routledge Handbook on Cities of the Global South. London: Routledge Wallerstein, E. M. (2004) World-systems analysis: An introduction. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. Yiftachel, Oren (2009) Critical theory and “gray space”: Mobilization of the colonized. CITY 13, 246 –263
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 70 IS BRAZIL’S RESEARCH UP-TO-DATE? EVOLUTION OF COUNTRY IMAGE STUDIES Fabiana Gondim Mariutti
Leeds Beckett University, UK and CAPES Brasil [email protected]
Abstract: In the global economy along with the context of the international business, a country’s image has become a fundamental topic in research for its status quo, competition, and progress. Therefore, a number of conceptual terminologies have attempted to advance themselves into theories as an evolution of this field of knowledge. ‘Country promotion’ has been slightly evolved since the beginning of the 20th century undertaking diverse approaches and little theoretical development. Since the 60s, the country-of-origin construct has been extensively researched in international marketing by investigating the image of a country mostly using quantitative methods. In 1987, ‘nation marketing’ was first created in the United States of America yet not expansively studied in academia. The past thirty years have seen increasingly rapid advances in the field of place branding (e.g., identity and image) in Europe and Asia; nevertheless, nation branding started to become a more solid international research domain after 2000. In 1996, the term ‘nation brand’ is originally coined in London, England; since then, several countries have been ‘unit of analyses’ for different research designs, theoretical perspectives, and governmental purposes. Furthermore, country branding and nation branding are being used interchangeably in the literature for in-depth review depending on the purpose of the research country’s needs. Although the foundation of country branding studies is acknowledged within several disciplines, involving numerous stakeholders and conveying multidimensional perceptions, the contextualization of a country image per se is definitely neither fixed nor transitory. Therefore, the aim of this current debate is to argue about Brazil’s stage in the international research arena regarding country image and perhaps, advance in its nation branding studies. To date, this ongoing work has indicated there is lack of research on Brazil comparing to other countries worldwide. Most studies about Brazil’s image are on international business, followed by tourism; moreover, these particular studies are equally quantitative or qualitative in regards to methods, followed by mixed-methods or conceptual papers as well. In addition, this study has found that continuous examinations of country image are needed in order to manage and enhance the reputation of a country. Overall, this study strengthens the idea that Brazil is still unexplored in regards to country image investigations and potential theoretical frameworks and innovative methodologies could critically justify original themes for further research. Whilst this study is not completed yet, it partly authenticates the significance of the topic while
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 71 debating the theoretical opportunities, investing in potential research, and participating in conferences internationally. Keywords: Brazil’s image, country image, country-of-origin, international business, place branding, nation brand.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTES + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
List of references: Anholt, S. (2007) Competitive Identity: the new brand management for nations, cities, and regions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Creswell, J.W. (2014) Research Design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. 4th ed. International student edition. Los Angeles: Sage.
Dinnie, K. (2016) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. 2nd edition. Oxon: Routledge.
Fan, Y. (2010) Branding the nation: Towards a better understanding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 6: 97–103.
Gudjonsson, H. (2005) Nation branding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 1 (3): 283–298.
Gertner, D. (2011) Unfolding and configuring two decades of research and publications on place marketing and place branding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7 (2): 91-106.
Jaffe, E. D. and Nebenzahl, I. D. (2001) National Image and Competitive Advantage. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press.
Kaneva, N. (2011). Nation branding: Toward an agenda of critical research. International Journal of Communication, 5:117-141.
Kavaratzis, M. (2005) Place Branding: A Review of Trends and Conceptual Models. The Marketing Review, 5: 329-342.
Kotler, P.; Haider, D. and Rein, I. (1993) Marketing Places: Attracting Investment, Industry, and Tourism to Cities, States, and Nations. New York: The Free Press.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 72
Mariutti, F.G. (2015) Reflections on the challenging mission of the country brand construct in the international business setting. ESPM Internext. São Paulo, 10 (3): 58-70.
Moilanen, T. and Rainisto, S. (2009) How to Brand Nations, Cities, and Destinations: a planning book for place branding. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Olins, W. (2013) Nation Branding [Online] Speech at the CI-Convention on Nation Branding, in Graz. Available from:
Roth, K.P. and Diamantopoulos, A. (2009) Advancing the country image construct. Journal of Business Research, 62: 726-740.
Skinner, H. (2008) The emergence and development of place marketing's confused identity. Journal of Marketing Management, 24 (9-10): 915-928.
Warnaby, G. (2009) Towards a service-dominant place marketing logic. Marketing Theory, 9 (4): 403-423.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 73 RURAL GEOGRAPHY AND GLOBALIZATION: BUILDING A THEORETICAL APPROACH FROM BRAZIL IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD Felipe da Silva Machado
Human Geography, Plymouth University [email protected]
The literature of rural geography in Brazil is mainly constituted by agricultural economies and analysis of agricultural policies, such as institutional change, agricultural technological development, rural-urban migration, which emphasize the empirical evidence of how structural factors improve agricultural production. The repercussion of the challenges for rural areas in developing world in the early twenty-first century such as the political economies of new strategies for economic development based on the use and management of resources and the resilience of rural communities have been paid little attention in the Brazilian academic debate. However, the complexity present in Brazilian countryside and its spatial diversity contribute to better understanding the multidirectional and multidimensional paths in the global countryside, going beyond the view of economic space only subject to external interferences that demand resources such as food and energy. Rural studies in Europe have discussed that the rural also face increasing competition from industry, residential development, services and environmental functions so that new uses have created opportunity and conflict which are reflected in distinctive land uses (Marsden et al., 1993; Wilson, 2007; Woods, 2011). In summary, against linear and structural thinking concerning rural development, I argue that little attention has been paid to investigating the rural by combining macro-political economy with the analysis of local strategies in Brazil. Thus, this paper aims to debate the changes of contemporary Brazilian rural geography under the context of its dramatic socio-economic integration into global capitalism by focusing on rural communities.
Keywords: Brazil, globalization, rural communities, rural change, rural geography, rural studies.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION References Marsden, T., Murdoch, J., Lowe, P., Munton, R. and Flynn, A. (1993). Constructing the Countryside. UCL Press, London.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 74 Wilson, G.A. (2007). Multifunctional Agriculture: A Transition Theory Perspective. CABI, Wallingford.
Woods, M. (2011). Rural. Routledge, Abingdon-New York.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 75 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN YERBA MATE Matta, F. V.; Ward, N. I.
University of Surrey [email protected]
Abstract: Ilex Paraguariensis, popularly known as “Yerba Mate”, is a native plant from South America naturally grown, covering the areas of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. The most popular way to be consumed is through an infusion made by dried leaves in a traditional cup, without prejudice of tea bags or even iced tea infusions. Disregarding the existence of researches that correlate the consumption of this infusion to cancer, recent researches show significant levels of antioxidants in it. There is an alleged immense variety of health benefits resulted from its consumption, even tough there is a lack of conclusive researches on that field. The main purpose of this research is to develop the chemical analysis of trace elements in yerba mate through ICP-MS, comparing the Brazilian and Argentine products, specially regarding the mensuration of Manganese levels present in leaves and infusions. Thus, it is necessarily the proposition of a method that simulates inside laboratory the traditional consumption of yerba mate in South America and also evaluates the digestion method of dried leaves. This research will contribute to the local producers in South America as it will allow them to get familiarized with their own product, so as the local communities that traditionally consume these infusions. Keywords: ICP-MS; Trace Elements, Yerba Mate
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION (IF POSSIBLE, ALSO THE 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION)
References: Bracesco, N.; et al. Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: Minireview. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 136 (2011), 378–384
Boaventura, B. C. B.; et al. Enhancement of bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil.). Food Research International, 53 (2013), 686–692
Donnelly, C. M. The Characterisation and delivery of flavonoids and other minor components in traditional food ingredients. 2015. 321. PhD Thesis. University of Surrey
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 76 TOWARDS A DANCE HIGHLIGHTED BY SHADOW AND DARKNESS Flaviana Xavier Antunes Sampaio
PhD Candidate in Dance at the University of Chichester (CAPES Proc nº 0601/14-4) Assistant Professor at the Southwest Bahia State University (UESB – Drama and Dance courses) [email protected]
Abstract: This is an overview of my practice-led PhD regarding the possibilities of shadow to distort a dancer’s appearance in performance. It includes a concept of shadow which I justify by sharing misunderstandings in this subject. In addition, this article looks at the properties of shadows involved in my work designed as a live solo performance. The proposed Practice-led Research methodology includes an iterative cycle involving: 1. Studio experiments involving the manipulation of the human figure through conventional and alternative devices of lighting leading a performance; 2. Analysis of literature review on scenography and stage lighting (Abulafia (2016), Allain and Harvie (2014), Aronson (2005, 2010), Baugh (2005), Butterworth and McKinney (2009), Collins and Nisbet (2010), Crisafulli (2013), Howard (2009), Huxley and Witts (2002), Iball and McKinney (2011) and Palmer (2013); 3. Analysis of relevant artforms works that focus on the relationship between shadow and lighting - Mhmmmhm (2002) by Fred Eerdekens, 6 (2014) by Tao Dance Theatre and «both,and» (2015) by Russell Maliphant Dance company. In discussing my practices, I argue that shadows from a moving body are ephemeral and unpredictable. I should note that this research is provisional, largely visual, and has been theorised via philosophies of shadows (Abram 2011, Sorensen 2011, Casati 2004 and 2005, Wagner 2005 and Tanizaki 2001) and studies on perception (Arnheim 2004, Baudrillard 2000 and Deleuze 2002 and 2006).
Keywords: Dancer, shadow, distortion.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
References:
Abram, D. (2011) Becoming animal: an earthly cosmology. New York: Vintage Books Abulafia, Y. (2016) The Art of Light on Stage: Lighting in Contemporary Theatre. Oxon: Routledge Arnheim, R. (1974/2004) Art and visual perception: a psychology of the creative eye, London: University of California Press. Allain, P. and Harvie, J. (2014) The Routledge Companion to Theatre and Performance (2nd
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 77 ed.) Oxon: Routledge Aronson, A. (2005) Looking Into the Abyss: Essays on Scenography. Michigan: University of Michigan Press Aronson, A. (2010) "Postmodern design" in Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (edt.) Theatre and performance design: A reader in scenography. Oxon: Routledge Baudrillard, J. (2000) The Vital Illusion. Edit. By Julia Witwer. New York: Columbia University Press Baugh, C. (2005) Theatre, performance and technology: The development of scenography in the twentieth century. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Butterworth, P. and McKinney, J. (2009) The Cambridge Introduction to Scenography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Casati, R. (2005) “Shadow tales of knowledge and power”. Translated from the Italian by Milena Nuti. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art. Heidelberg: Kehrer. Casati, R. (2004) Shadows: Unlocking Their Secrets, from Plato to Our Time. Translated from the Italian by Asher, B. Vintage Books: New York Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (2010) Theatre and performance design: A reader in scenography. Oxon: Routledge Crisafulli, F. (2013) Active Light: Issues of Light in Contemporary Theatre. Dublin: Artdiland.com Ltd Deleuze, G. (1993/2006) The Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque. London: Continuum Deleuze, G. (1981/2002) Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press Howard, P. (2009) What Is Scenography? 2nd edt. London: Routledge Huxley, M. and Witts, N. (2002) The Twentieth-Century Performance Reader Paperback. London: Routledge Iball, H and McKinney (2011) “Researching Scenography”, in Kershaw, B and Nicholson, H (edt.) Research Methods in Theatre and Performance. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Palmer, S. (2013) Light: Reading in Theatre Practice. London: Palgrave Macmillan Sorensen, R. (2011) Seeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows. Oxford: Oxford University Press Tanizaki, J. (1933/2001) In Praise of Shadows. Translated from the Japanese, by Harper, T. & Seidensticker, E. London: Vintage Books Wagner, A. (2005) “The shadow in art history”. Translated from the German by Jeanne Haunschild. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art. Heidelberg: Kehrer.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 78
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 79 DANÇANDO COM A PRÓPRIA SOMBRA Flaviana Xavier Antunes Sampaio
Doutoranda em Dança na Universidade of Chichester (CAPES Proc nº 0601/14-4) Professora Assistente da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB – Licenciatura em Dança e Licenciatura em Teatro) [email protected]
Resumo: De acordo com Roberto Casati (2005, p. 44) a ‘sombra de uma pessoa inicialmente aparenta segui-la; independente do movimento da pessoa, a sombra a obedece. Mas, é mesmo sombra tão fiel e passiva?’ (tradução minha). Desde setembro 2014 desenvolvo uma pesquisa liderada pela prática na qual busco diálogos expressivos entre dançarino e sua sombra. A cada semana realizo experimentos em um teatro a partir da interação de um dançarino e uma fonte de luz. Ao trabalhar com uma lanterna pendurada acima do dançarino, por exemplo, tenho explorado movimentos de luz, do dançarino e de ambos, para a criação de sombras expressivas. Um dos meus objetivos é criar sombras que sugiram transformação da aparência do dançarino no palco. Esta apresentação trará um panorama da minha pesquisa e sua importância para as artes cênicas.
Palavras-chave: Dançarino, sombra, luz.
MODO DE APRESENTAÇÃO: 3 MINUTES + 1 SLIDE.
References: Abram, D. (2011) Becoming animal: an earthly cosmology. New York: Vintage Books Abulafia, Y. (2016) The Art of Light on Stage: Lighting in Contemporary Theatre. Oxon: Routledge Arnheim, R. (1974/2004) Art and visual perception: a psychology of the creative eye, London: University of California Press. Allain, P. and Harvie, J. (2014) The Routledge Companion to Theatre and Performance (2nd ed.) Oxon: Routledge Aronson, A. (2005) Looking Into the Abyss: Essays on Scenography. Michigan: University of Michigan Press Aronson, A. (2010) "Postmodern design" in Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (edt.) Theatre and performance design: A reader in scenography. Oxon: Routledge Baudrillard, J. (2000) The Vital Illusion. Edit. By Julia Witwer. New York: Columbia University Press
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 80 Baugh, C. (2005) Theatre, performance and technology: The development of scenography in the twentieth century. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Butterworth, P. and McKinney, J. (2009) The Cambridge Introduction to Scenography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Casati, R. (2005) “Shadow tales of knowledge and power”. Translated from the Italian by Milena Nuti. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art. Heidelberg: Kehrer. Casati, R. (2004) Shadows: Unlocking Their Secrets, from Plato to Our Time. Translated from the Italian by Asher, B. Vintage Books: New York Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (2010) Theatre and performance design: A reader in scenography. Oxon: Routledge Crisafulli, F. (2013) Active Light: Issues of Light in Contemporary Theatre. Dublin: Artdiland.com Ltd Deleuze, G. (1993/2006) The Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque. London: Continuum Deleuze, G. (1981/2002) Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press Howard, P. (2009) What Is Scenography? 2nd edt. London: Routledge Huxley, M. and Witts, N. (2002) The Twentieth-Century Performance Reader Paperback. London: Routledge Iball, H and McKinney (2011) “Researching Scenography”, in Kershaw, B and Nicholson, H (edt.) Research Methods in Theatre and Performance. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Palmer, S. (2013) Light: Reading in Theatre Practice. London: Palgrave Macmillan Sorensen, R. (2011) Seeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows. Oxford: Oxford University Press Tanizaki, J. (1933/2001) In Praise of Shadows. Translated from the Japanese, by Harper, T. & Seidensticker, E. London: Vintage Books Wagner, A. (2005) “The shadow in art history”. Translated from the German by Jeanne Haunschild. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art. Heidelberg: Kehrer.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 81 THE NATURAL THREAT OF URANIUM IN OUTCROP ROCKS: THE CASE OF SÃO JOSÉ DE ESPINHARAS - HINTERLAND OF THE PORTO DE SUAPE/BRAZIL
Fredy Bezerra Carneiro Flávio Ferreira da Silva
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco e Faculdade Santa Helena Programa de Pós-graduação em Administração/Departamento de Energia Nuclear [email protected]
Abstract: The main purpose of the research was to analyze samples of rock outcrops to determine the radioactivity level in a truly anomalous area with Uranium concentration. The field of study was a region located in northeastern Brazil, the city of São José de Espinharas, State of Paraiba which is inserted in the hinterland of the Porto de Suape. Radioecological and radiometric studies are important to monitor geographic areas using techniques of environmental dosimetry. The results are useful to determine the environmental protection and traffic restriction and human presence, use of raw materials from the region in construction and agriculture. They can also indicate the existence of economically exploitable mineral deposits. The research was theoretical/empirical and quantitative. The technique used was the non-destructive analysis of samples with application of gamma spectrometry high-resolution HPGe detector. The samples were collected during 2013 and processed between 2014 and 2015 in the Departamento de Energia Nuclear of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. The results showed that in 60% of samples, the radio equivalent activity is up to 95% above the maximum indicated by UNSCEAR. The relevance of this study is to empirically demonstrate that the surveyed area should be isolated from the population, which uses it for cattle grazing for food crops and as a raw material for housing construction. It is recommended that people and animals are removed from the surveyed area. Furthermore, the natural material is not supposed to be used for construction and agriculture. The objective is to protect the health of residents and bystanders away from the issue of the radioisotopes. As future research, it is suggested to estimate the value of the deposit in economical terms and to establish a local community movement program for remote geographical area of the deposit.
Keywords: Environmental protection, Paraíba, Porto de Suape, Radioecology, Radiometry, São José de Espinharas
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 82 MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 83 A FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A GROUP-BASED MODEL TO DELIVER POSTNATAL CARE IN SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES
Giordana de Cássia Pinheiro da Motta1; Christine McCourt2, Penny Haora3; Juliet Rayment4
1PhD candidate at City University London, School of Health Sciences, Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, London, UK; Scholarship holder from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil. 2Professor of Maternal and Child Health, City University London, School of Health Sciences, London, UK. 3Research Fellow, Institute for Health & Human Development, University of East London, London, UK; Honorary Researcher, Barts Health NHS Trust. 4Lecturer at City University London, School of Health Sciences, London, UK.
Main author email: [email protected]
Background and Rationale: The postnatal period is a relatively neglected area of practice in both high- and low-income countries1. Women from socio-economic and racial/ethnic minority population groups are at greater risk of not receiving appropriate perinatal care2, so it becomes imperative to create strategies to reach those women and engage them in their own care. Furthermore, the most appropriate model to provide postnatal care (PNC) is still an area of uncertainty3. Following promising outcomes from Group Antenatal Care models4, conducting group-based care for mothers and babies from socially disadvantaged communities during the postnatal period could help improve satisfaction and maternal-child health outcomes. Aim: To test the feasibility of implementation of a group-based model of PNC in communities considered socially disadvantaged. Methods: The study adds a postnatal component to a broader project on group-based antenatal care, ‘Pregnancy Circles’, part of the REACH Pregnancy Programme in East London (London Boroughs of Tower Hamlets, Newham and Waltham Forest, part of Barts Health NHS Trust). Using a complex intervention design5, the research includes women who are pregnant and accept to be part of the ‘Pregnancy Circles’ and consists of two phases: two-stage feasibility study and pilot randomized trial. The feasibility study comprises two distinct stages: Focus groups and one-to-one interviews – to identify women’s, midwives’ and managers’ views and needs regarding ante- and postnatal care and its delivery in a group-based model. Three focus groups were conducted with a total of 26 women from the three boroughs. Sixteen midwives and managers were interviewed across the three sites. Recordings were transcribed and data is being analysed using thematic analysis approach; and Test groups – to implement, in a small sample, the protocol for group-based ante- and
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 84 postnatal care developed from data emerging in stage one and a systematic realist review. This phase assesses women’s and professionals’ acceptability of this model and further develop the intervention protocol. Three test groups are taking place, one in each borough. Up to approximately 36 women (8 to 12 women in each group) are being recruited when attending their first midwife appointment. Data will be collected through observation of groups and interviews with both women and midwives involved (online survey and one-to- one interviews with a small sample). This researcher is active in the data collection for the feasibility study and is analysing data regarding PNC. Findings and discussion: Preliminary findings of stage one show that women and professionals presented clear views on quality PNC needs and provided important contributions to the development of the pilot trial protocol. Findings of this study will help to develop a new, locally-appropriate model to be implemented in disadvantaged communities. As a limitation, a full randomized controlled trial will not be possible to be completed during the period of this PhD. Conclusion: Developing a new strategy for actively engaging women in their PNC could improve women’s participation, and better inform policy and practice development. Following this London-based work, we propose to develop an adapted protocol of group-based PNC for testing and implementation in the Brazilian context.
Keywords: Feasibility study, Health care delivery, Model of care, Postnatal care.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References: 1. World Health Organization (2014). WHO recommendations on postnatal care of the mother and newborn. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. (2007). A Science-Based Framework for Early Childhood Policy: Using Evidence to Improve Outcomes in Learning, Behaviour, and Health for Vulnerable Children. Available from: http://developingchild.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Policy_Framework.pdf. Accessed: February 15, 2016. 3. Sandall, J., Soltani, H., Gates, S., Shennan, A., Devane, D. (2015). Midwife-led continuity models versus other models of care for childbearing women, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD004667. 4. Lathrop, B. (2013). A Systematic Review Comparing Group Prenatal Care to Traditional Prenatal Care, Nursing for Women's Health, 17(2), pp. 118-130.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 85 5. Richards, D.A. and Hallberg, I.R. (2015). Complex Interventions in Health: an overview of research methods. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 86 INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL BLOCKADE OF PPAR-Α AND PPAR-Β/Δ ON FORMALIN-EVOKED NOCICEPTIVE BEHAVIOUR, FEAR-CONDITIONED ANALGESIA AND CONDITIONED FEAR IN THE PRESENCE OF NOCICEPTIVE TONE IN RATS. Jessica C. Gaspar1,3, Bright Okine1,3, Alvaro Llorente-Berzal1,3, Orla Burke1, Michelle Roche2- 3, David P. Finn1’3
1Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2Physiology, School of Medicine, 3NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland Main author email: [email protected]
Abstract Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor family and occur in three isoforms: PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. There is evidence for their involvement in pain2, cognition3 and mood disorders 4. However, their role in pain-fear interactions is not well understood. Fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA) is pain suppression upon re-exposure to a context previously paired with an aversive stimulus 5. Aim To investigate the effects of systemic administration of PPAR-α and PPAR−β/δ antagonists on formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour, FCA, and conditioned fear in the presence of nociceptive tone in rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats received footshock (10x1s, 0.4mA) or no footshock in a conditioning arena; 23.5 hours later, rats received intraplantar injection of formalin (2.5%) into the right hindpaw and systemic administration (i.p.) of vehicle, PPAR-α (GW6471; 2mg/kg) or PPAR-β/δ (GSK0660; 1mg/kg) antagonists. Thirty minutes after the injections, rats were re-exposed to the conditioning arena for 15 minutes where nociceptive and fear- related behaviours (freezing and 22KHz ultrasonic vocalisation) were assessed. Data were analysed using repeated measures or two way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD post-hoc test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Fear-conditioned rats expressed robust FCA and context-induced freezing. Systemic administration of the PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ antagonists prolonged context-induced freezing and increased the duration of 22KHz ultrasonic vocalisation without altering nociceptive behaviour. Conclusion
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 87 PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ may play a role in the extinction of conditioned fear in the presence of nociceptive tone. Acknowledgements The present study was carried out with financial support from CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico – Brazil (207530/2014-9).
References Blanquart, C., Barbier, O., Fruchart, J.C., Staels, B., and Glineur, C. (2003). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: regulation of transcriptional activities and roles in inflammation. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 85: 267–73. Maeda, T., and Kishioka, S. (2009). PPAR and Pain. International Review of Neurobiology 85: 165–77. Panlilio, L. V, Justinova, Z., and Goldberg, S.R. (2013). Inhibition of FAAH and activation of PPAR: new approaches to the treatment of cognitive dysfunction and drug addiction. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 138: 84–102. Kemp, D.E., Schinagle, M., Gao, K., Conroy, C., Ganocy, S.J., Ismail-Beigi, F., et al. (2014). PPAR-γ agonism as a modulator of mood: proof-of-concept for pioglitazone in bipolar depression. CNS Drugs 28: 571–81. Butler, R.K., Nilsson-Todd, L., Cleren, C., Lena, I., Garcia, R., and Finn, D.P. (2011). Molecular and electrophysiological changes in the prefrontal cortex-amygdala-dorsal periaqueductal grey pathway during persistent pain state and fear-conditioned analgesia. Physiol Behav 104: 1075–1081.
Keywords: fear, fear-conditioned analgesia, pain, ppar, GSK0660, GW6471
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 88 ADDRESSING FOOD SECURITY IN A CHANGED CLIMATE BY UNDERSTANDING WHEAT YIELD IMPROVEMENT Joao Paulo Pennacchi1,2, John Andralojc1, Bill Davies2, Martin Parry2and Elizabete Carmo- Silva2,
1Rothamsted Research Institute, 2Lancaster University [email protected]
Abstract: Wheat is one of the major grain crops worldwide and provides approximately one- fifth of the total caloric and protein input of the World’s population. In the UK, wheat is the most widely grown crop occupying about 50% of the total arable land. It has been estimated that increases of 60% will be required in the yield of grain crops such as wheat and rice if food supply is to meet the demands of the increasing world in population. This situation is further compounded by the predicted change in climate and the need to protect environments. There is clearly an urgent need to develop crop plants that yield higher outputs per unit area of land, without having to increase inputs of fertilizer or water.
This research is part of the Rothamsted Research 20:20 Wheat® Project and is being developed in a partnership between Rothamsted Research and Lancaster University. 20:20 Wheat® aims to provide the knowledge base and tools to increase potential wheat yields (in the UK) to 20 t ha-1 within the next 20 years (counting from 2012). The particular focus of the PhD project is to work with different wheat cultivars, revealing traits and important agronomic characteristics related to potential high yield cultivars.
Two wheat populations are the research focus of the project: i) ERYCC Panel (Earliness & Resilience for Yield in a Changed Climate) with 64 spring and winter wheat cultivars, originating from UK, France and Mexico; ii) HxP double-haploid mapping population, developed by Syngenta. Phenotypic characteristics – as physiological parameters, biochemical components, plant phenology and productivity – and genotypic features – as genetic markers, parentage coefficients and potential QTLs – are being measured for each of the populations. An integrated analysis based on phenotype and genotype interaction is proposed to reveal genetic traits related to photosynthetic capacity and yield.
Data from current experiments as well as data obtained from previous field experiments will be part of a large database, providing strong support to statistical analysis, based on multivariate statistical methods.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 89
In parallel, molecular and physiological analysis are being carried out in genetically modified plants expressing the ictB (inorganic carbon transporter B) gene related to CO2 transport and concentration at the Rubisco site. These analyses are testing the hypothesis that expression of ictB will have a positive impact on wheat photosynthetic capacity and biomass production.
The final goal is to provide an indication of superior wheat cultivars and traits for breeding high yield, based on physiological and biochemical parameters, phenology and agronomic characteristics, and by developing and improving methods of analysis.
Keywords: Climate Change, Food Security, Genetics, Photosynthesis, Sustainable Agriculture, Wheat
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 1ST - ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
AINSWORTH EA and LONG SP (2005) What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist. 165, 351-371.
GODFRAY HCJ, BEDDINGTON JR, CRUTE IR, HADDAD L, LAWRENCE D, MUIR JF, PRETTY J, ROBINSON S, THOMAS SM, TOULMIN C (2010) Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People. Science. 327, 812-818.
PARRY MAJ, REYNOLDS M, SALVUCCI ME, RAINES C, ANDRALOJC PJ, ZHU XG, PRICE GD, CONDON AG, FURBANK RT (2011) Raising yield potential of wheat. II. Increasing photosynthetic capacity and efficiency. Journal of Experimental Botany. 62, 453- 467.
PARRY MAJ and HAWKESFORD MJ (2011) An Integrated Approach to Crop Genetic Improvement. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 54, 250–259.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 90 USO DO DISCURSO DO SUJEITO COLETIVO COMO FERRAMENTA DE ANÁLISE EM PESQUISAS ACERCA DA PSICODINÂMICA DO TRABALHO Juliana Almeida Coelho de Melo, Francine Lima Gelbecke, Felipa Rafaela Amadigi
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC [email protected]
Abstract: O presente manuscrito busca realizar uma reflexão sobre o uso do discurso do sujeito coletivo como ferramenta de análise em pesquisas acerca da psicodinâmica do trabalho com o auxílio do software Qualiquantisoft®. O desafio nas pesquisas qualitativas que utilizam a Psicodinâmica do trabalho como referencial teórico e metodológico não está apenas na escolha correta dos instrumentos e técnicas, ou somente nos procedimentos e experiência do pesquisador. É preciso, além de seguir o método proposto por Christophe Dejours, conduzir com rigor a análise e interpretação dos dados ou do material empírico coletado. Em uma rápida pesquisa realizada na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e dissertações com o indexador “Psicodinâmica do Trabalho” foram localizadas 170 dissertações e 62 teses publicadas no Brasil. Realizou-se a análise das teses publicadas entre os anos de 2010 a 2016, totalizando 33 estudos. Desses, seis teses não foram analisadas, pois não se tratavam de pesquisas envolvendo o tema em questão. Por fim, 27 teses foram examinadas quanto ao método de análise de dados utilizado. Observou-se que, apesar de todos os estudos utilizarem como referencial teórico a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, não existe consonância na escolha do método para a análise dos dados. Nos estudos qualitativos observa-se uma predominância da Análise de Conteúdo como escolha pelos pesquisadores (10 estudos). Diante desse panorama e considerando os pressupostos de Dejours, compreende-se que a psicodinâmica do trabalho procura essencialmente identificar questões subjetivas do trabalho e por isso, seria ilusório tentar objetivá-las em categorias com diferentes recortes de discursos. O pesquisador deve buscar a heterogeneidade que existe entre a palavra do trabalhador e a experiência de quem pesquisa, por isso, a importância do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). A origem do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) se deu na década de 1990, por meio dos pesquisadores brasileiros Fernando Lefevre e Ana Maria Cavalcanti Lefevre. De forma resumida trata-se de uma técnica para análise de dados em pesquisas qualitativas ou quantitativas, que busca o processamento dos diferentes depoimentos com sentidos semelhantes sobre um tema específico, reunindo-os em discursos redigidos na primeira pessoa do singular. Entende-se que o DSC busca reconstruir as representações de determinado grupo e/ou coletivo, articulando as dimensões individuais e coletivas. O DSC mostra-se como uma ferramenta copiosa nas análises de pesquisas acerca da psicodinâmica do trabalho.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 91 Enquanto a psicodinâmica do trabalho busca demonstrar o que é vivenciado pelo trabalhador no campo de trabalho e para isso utiliza a fala como o ato representativo, o DSC pode ser utilizado como instrumento de organização e análise dos depoimentos oriundos das falas dos trabalhadores, por meio de procedimentos claros, padronizados e precisos. Palavras–chave: análise qualitativa, discurso do sujeito coletivo, métodos, pesquisa qualitativa, psicodinâmica do trabalho.
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
Referências DEJOURS, Christophe. Entre o desespero e a esperança: como reencantar o trabalho? Revista Cult, São Paulo, n. 139, p.49-53, 2010. Disponível em:
______. A Loucura do Trabalho: Estudo de Psicopatologia do Trabalho. 6. ed. São Paulo: Cortez, 2015.
LANCMAN, Selma; SZNELWAR, Laerte Idal (Org.). CHISTOPHE DEJOURS: Da psicopatologia à psicodinâmica do trabalho. 2. ed. Brasília: Fiocruz, 2008. 396 p.
LEFEVRE, Fernando; LEFEVRE, Ana Maria Cavalcanti. Discourse of the collective subject: social representations and communication interventions. Texto Contexto Enferm, Florianópolis , v. 23, n. 2, p. 502-507, June 2014 . Available from
LEFEVRE, Fernando; LEFEVRE, Ana Maria Cavalcanti; MARQUES, Maria Cristina da Costa. Discurso do sujeito coletivo, complexidade e auto-organização. Ciênc. Saúde coletiva, Rio de Janeiro , v. 14, n. 4, p. 1193-1204, Aug. 2009 . Available from
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 92 MARTIM GONCALVES – BRIDGES AND NETWORKS BETWEEN BRAZIL AND UK IN THE FOLLOWING II WORLD WAR Jussilene Santana
Postdoctoral researcher at SED/Queen Mary University of London By Premio Capes de Tese 2013 [email protected]
Abstract: This research follows the Martim Goncalves’s steps in UK between 1941 and 1961. He was the creator of the School of Theatre of the Federal University of Bahia, the first one in the Brazil linked at a higher education institution. The director was a fellow in London for many years and organized several and pioneers exchanges between British and Brazilians institutions and artists. This school had great influence in the Brazilian culture, inspiring important cultural movements, as Tropicalism and Cinema Novo, and artists, as Caetano Veloso, Glauber Rocha and Maria Bethania, among others. The firsts movies of the Cinema Novo was produced there, with students this school, like Barravento and Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol. The director of this pioneering school in Brazil studied Fine Arts, Costume and Theatre Set Design at the Slade School of Fine Art (UCL), also taking classes at Ruskin College, in Oxford. He donated one Mestre Vitalino’ handcraft (Vitalino was a famous Brazilian craftsman previously unknown), at the Ashmolean Museum/Oxford (GONCALVES, 1997). In Oxford, he created the scenarios to Unity Theatre and Lindsay Theatre. In London, he did the scenarios to Amanhã será outro Dia, play by Paschoal Carlos Magno, and The Marriage of Figaro, directed by Alberto Cavalcanti. In June, 15th 1945, Martim becomes Old Vic’s trainee/improver. He writes and paints about him experience in London/Oxford during II World War to Brazilian’s magazines. Martim Gonçalves would have done lectures on theatre at the BBC. By several exchanges, he promoted the Nilda Spencer’s fellowship at Central School of Speech and Drama, in London, in 1961. In other hand, He invited to Bahia’s School, BBC’s set designer Gordon Roland, Royal Court Theatre’s producer George Devine and winning movie director John Schelesinger. “In a good measure, the School of Theatre was similar at self-governing schools of art founded in the post-war world. In the United States, England and Europe there are many examples in place until today; these institutions originally followed orientations from schools of the European avant-garde, counting on immigrant European teachers and artists” (SANTANA, 2015). I’ve researched about the impact this School (and its production and staging) in Brazilian political and social life. This first administration was severely persecuted. There are implications between this persecutory movement and Military Coup years later (SANTANA, 2012). Teachers and artists from another fifteen countries taught in school.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 93 Through partnerships in human resources, technology transfer and funding (this school had then a controversial agreement with the Rockefeller Foundation and partnership with another institutions around the world), Gonçalves supported the emergence of five major institutions that would make up the Bahia culture current face: the Castro Alves Theatre, the Sacred Art Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, the Teatro Vila Velha and the Centre for Afro-Oriental Studies. As well as it supported the work of immigrant artists-thinkers who, until then, did not have institutional locus: the Portuguese Agostinho da Silva, the Italian Lina Bo Bardi and the French Pierre Verger.
Keywords: Arts, Exchange, Higher Education, Martim Goncalves, Theatre.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References:
EICHBAUER, Helio, DEDE, Veloso. Arte na Bahia. Salvador, Corrupio, 1991.
GONCALVES, Hebe. Martim Goncalves em Cena. Biografia nao publicada. Recife, 1997.
SANTANA, J. 2015. Crisis in the Teaching of the Arts and the Techniques at the Brazilian Universities? Reflexions on the History of the School of Theatre of Federal University of Bahia, Founded in 1956. Presentation at Humboldt Colloquium – Research Excellence in a Globalised World – Experiences and Challenges from a Brazilian-German Perspective. Poster Session 21 (Modernisation of Government).
SANTANA, J. Martim Goncalves – Uma Escola de Teatro Contra a Provincia. Tese de Doutorado defendida no PPGAC, Escola de Teatro – UFBA, janeiro de 2012. Premio Capes de Tese 2013.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 94 RACE AND COLOUR SHAPING "OTHERNESS": THE VOICE OF MIGRANTS BLACK BRAZILIAN WOMEN IN THE UK Katucha Bento
University of Leeds [email protected]
Abstract: My doctoral research aims to understand emotions of black Brazilian women in the everyday practices as migrants in the United Kingdom. Emotions are evoked in this research as dimensions of human and social reality linked to relations of power, shaping bodies, actions and perceptions towards others; unfolding regimes of expressivity that enable the understanding of “otherness”. In this research, the “other” is related to the dichotomy between the West and the Rest suggested by Stuart Hall. I explore how the “other” (the rest) is constituted in the everyday lives of black Brazilian women in the UK as migrants, among the intersections that mark differences in a hierarchical way. During the conversation with participants, I was able to realise that not only race, but shades of skin colour are important to perceive the self as “other”. Emotions conjure in and through the narratives of black-Brazilian-women-migrants during our conversation of about their Diaspora. Centring the voices of the racialised “other”, put in evidence the multiple ways of being black women and decenter racial absolutisms and fixed stereotypes. I understand emotions as a form to enact black women’s agency (power) to articulate their own voice and positionings in discourses on migration in the UK. This will lead to destabilise and decolonise discourses to define different perceptions of power and point out the emotions that play an important role in life experiences of black women. By articulating a critical decolonial black feminist perspective between hegemony and subalternity; centre and periphery I will debate the plurality within the intersectionality of black women. Discussing a decolonial perspective using racialised bodies with the intention of de-essencialise cristalised ideas on the female black body and mind enables a more dynamic and autonomous construction of identities, intimately related to embodied emotions, giving another range of meanings and representations. Keywords: Black Brazilian women, Coloniality, Diaspora, Emotions, Migration, Skin colour. MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL Bhabha H. K. 1990. Nation and narration. London: Routledge. Costa, S. 2006. Dois Atlanticos: Teoria Social, Anti Racismo, Cosmopolitismo. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG. Collins, P.H. 1991. Black feminist thought: knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Routledge, New York. Fanon, F. 2008. Black Skin, White Masks. London: Pluto Press.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 95 Pinho, P. 2010. Mama Africa: Reinventing Africanness in Bahia. Translated by Elena Langdon. Durham: Duke University Press. Tate, S. A. 2005. Black skins, black masks: Hybridity, dialogism, performativity. Aldershot, Hants, England, Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 96 UNIVERSAL CHURCH AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SERVICES IN BRAZIL: THE FIGHT OVER ‘GENDER’ AND IMPLICATIONS FOR VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE AND BRAZILIAN SECULARISM Kim Beecheno, PhD Candidate
King’s College London [email protected]
Abstract: Activism in the area of violence against women in Brazil has typically been the realm of feminist activists, who have also denounced the steady growth of evangelical Christianity as influencing a turn towards social and political conservatism (CDD, 2016). Feminists claim that this is eroding hard-won women’s rights in Brazil. In this paper, using ethnographic data recently conducted in Brazil (2015), I examine Universal’s project (known as Project Rahab) for women who suffer domestic violence and the implications of its growing proximity to state services for women and state secularism. Universal is an international, Pentecostal church and Project Rahab now exists on all continents. Universal’s ability to mobilise thousands of women across Brazil suggests that a church-led women’s movement with a focus on domestic violence could be an important vehicle for raising awareness around the issue, hitherto not addressed in the public sphere by churches in Brazil. It also offers women of faith strategies for dealing with violence that complement their religious belief systems. However, the growing proximity of Universal’s ‘spiritual’ services for battered women with secular services provided by the state also serve to legitimize Universal’s very specific gendered messages within the public sphere, as well as attracting more potential converts and helping the church grow. This raises controversial questions as to the role of religious services in Brazil, which are forming a growing number of state/religious partnerships as providers of health and social services (Mourier, 2013). It questions the state’s responsibility towards the democratic ideal of secular services for citizens, especially the vulnerable and suggests implications for women and gendered relations in Brazil.
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Feminism, Gender, Religion, Secularism, Universal Church
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION (10 MINUTE)
References:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 97 CDD, (2016), Católicas Pelo Direito de Decidir, A Violação Escancarada dos Direitos das Mulheres, Negros e LGBTs, online, http://catolicas.org.br/novidades/editoriais/genero- direitos-mulheres/ (accessed 20/03/2016)
Mourier, E. (2013) "Religion as a Social Substitute for the State: Faith-Based Social Action in Twenty-First Century Brazil", in International Development Policy: Religion and Development, No.4, Geneva: Graduate Institute Publications, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 79-94.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 98 EXPLORING BONDARIES IN MANY-PARTICLE QUANTUM SYSTEMS Krissia de Zawadzki, Luiz Nunes de Oliveira and Irene D’Amico
São Carlos Institute of Physics (University of São Paulo) Department of Physics (University of York) [email protected]
Abstract: The understanding of Quantum Mechanics and its implications in nature laws has allowed to investigate new phenomena in atomic scale. Specially for systems comprising a larger number of strongly interacting particles - such as solids and molecules - it is very difficult to find appropriate models and to quantitatively calculate their properties. One of the first models proposed for describing some of these systems is the Hubbard model, which has been widely used to describe metals, spin lattices and even ultracold atoms trapped into optical lattices. Despite its simplicity, the Hubbard model is extremely difficult to solve exactly: when the size of the system becomes sufficient large, it is analytically impractical and computationally prohibitive due to the exponential dependence of the memory required to carry out the calculation. In fact, the numerical solution of many-body systems is limited by the number of states that can be realized within the computational framework. Iterative approaches, such as the Lanczos diagonalization and the Numerical (NRG) and Density Matrix (DMRG) Renormalization- Groups, allow to account for a large number L of degrees of freedom and yield accurate results for the low-energy spectra and ground-state properties. Independent of which iterative solution we are considering when seeking to recover the limit L → ∞, we must start with a finite partition and increase its size progressively until reach the desired limit. One promissing idea is to explore boundary conditions that preserve physical aspects of the infinite limit, such as particle-hole symmetry. In the present work, we aim to improve the initial step of the computation by implementing different boundary conditions: open, periodic and twisted. We present results for the ground-state the gap energies in finite chains described by the Hubbard model from the small to the strong coupling limits. Our results show that even with small chains, we achieve a considerable improvement compared to the exact expression for the energy with L → ∞. Based on our approach, we foresee a prospective implementation of a renormalization-group study of larger systems.
Keywords: Boundary conditions, Hubbard model, Particle-hole symmetry, Spin Chains
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 99 References:
ESSLER, F. H. L.; FRAHAM, H., GOHMANN, F., KlUEMPER, A., KOREPIN, V. E. The One-Dimensional Hubbard Model. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 673 p.
HIRSCH, J. E., Renormalization-group study of the Hubbard model. Physical Review B, v. 12, n. 11, p. 5259--5266, 1980. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.22.5259.
LIEB, E. H., WU, F.Y, The one-dimensional Hubbard model: a reminiscence, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, v. 321, n. 1-2, 2003. doi: 10.1016/S0378- 4371(02)01785-5.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 100 ACADEMIC VOCABULARY: AN ANALYSIS OF HOW BRAZILIAN STUDENTS WRITE ACADEMIC ENGLISH Larissa Goulart da Silva
The University of Warwick [email protected]
Abstract: Academic vocabulary is one of the main issues presented by Brazilian students of English for Academic Purposes, especially when they have to read or write academic texts (Vongpumivitch, Huang and Chang, 2008). Students from different nationalities interviewed by Shawn (1991) also declared that vocabulary was their main problem when writing academic English. Therefore, this study analyses how Brazilian students use academic vocabulary in order to better understand their difficulties and propose classroom practices that could help students improve their Academic Vocabulary. A corpus of Brazilian EAP writing was built for this study, this corpus consists of essays submitted by Brazilian students as part of their evaluation in their university courses in the United Kingdom. The research questions are: a) What is the vocabulary profile of essays written by Brazilian students?; b) How do these students use academic vocabulary? and c) How is this use different from the vocabulary profile found in Hyland and Tse’s (2007) and Coxhead’s (2000) academic corpora?. The analysis of the vocabulary profile of Brazilian students was carried out using LexTutor (Cobb, n.d) and therefore focuses on the coverage of the Academic Word List (AWL) (Coxhead, 2000) and the General Service List (GSL) (West, 1953) in each essay and on the corpus as a whole. Results show that essays written by Brazilian students present the same coverage of AWL and GSL words as in other academic corpora. However, in depth analysis shows that although the percentage of AWL coverage is the same, the words selected by Brazilian students are different from the words selected by students who received a distinction on their essays. Analysis of the concordance lines shows that this usage reflects the extensive use of passive voice in the corpus of Brazilian students. These findings provide insights on issues that could be addressed in classes of EAP for Brazilian students.
Keywords: Academic Word List, Brazilian Academic English, English for Academic Purposes.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 101 Cobb, T. (n.d.). The complete lexical tutor. Retrieved from http://www.lextutor.ca/ on 24 March 2016. Coxhead, A. (2000). A new academic word list. TESOL Quarterly, 34 (2), 213–238. Hyland, K. and Tse, P. (2004). Metadiscourse in academic writing: a reappraisal. Applied Linguistics, 25, 156–77. Shaw, P. (1991). Science research students’ composing processes. English for Specific Purposes, 10, 189–206. Vongpumivitch, V., Huang, J. Y., & Chang, Y. C. (2009). Frequency analysis of the words in the Academic Word List (AWL) and non-AWL content words in applied linguistics research papers. English for Specific Purposes, 28, 33 - 41. West, M. (1953). A general service list of English words. London: Longman.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 102 EVALUATION OF LONG-TERM FUNCTION IN ANIMALS AFTER DISTAL MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION Marinho, L.P., Ahmed, J., Trueman, R.C., Farr, T.
University of Nottingham [email protected]
Abstract: Stroke is the result of an ischaemic infarction or bleeding in the brain, which is manifested in seconds or minutes. The main causes of ischemic stroke are thrombosis in situ or from cardiac emboli. The use of animal models has provided a better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of stroke; mice and rats are the most commonly used species. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most often affected cerebral vessel in human ischemic stroke. Thus, techniques that occlude this artery in rodents are closest to the human condition. The distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) is performed with a temporal craniotomy, and the MCA is permanently ligated at a point upstream of the lenticulostriate branches. The technique requires the separation of the temporalis muscle, and removal of the skull overlying the MCA. The MCA is occluded by electrocoagulation and transection. The main advantages of the craniotomy are good reproducibility in infarct size that is entirely in the cortex and, low mortality. The main disadvantage is the lack of reliable behavioural tests to evaluate a long-term assessment of the neurological outcome. There are a wide variety of behavioural tests, however animals often exhibit spontaneous recovery and some literature has reported that animals with dMCAO do not exhibit deficits at all. The aim of this project is to evaluate sensitive tests of motor function in these animals, as dMCAO causes sensorimotor impairment in the contralateral paw. We will employ the wire hanging test, in which the animal has to hold onto a wire or a cage lid to avoid a fall, suspending its body with its forepaws. Between the posts, there is a soft pillow to avoid injury if it falls. This test evaluates the animal’s grasping ability and endurance. We will also examine the cylinder test, sticky label test and staircase reaching test; which ones assess, respectively, spontaneous forelimb use, sensory asymmetry and forelimb extension.
Keywords: Animal model, behavioural test, craniotomy, distal middle cerebral artery occlusion, stroke.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 103 Balkaya, M., KrÃber, J., Rex, A. and Endres, M. (2012). Assessing post-stroke behavior in mouse models of focal ischemia. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 33(3), pp.330-338. Bouet, V., Boulouard, M., Toutain, J., Divoux, D., Bernaudin, M., Schumann-Bard, P. and Freret, T. (2009). The adhesive removal test: a sensitive method to assess sensorimotor deficits in mice. Nat Protoc, 4(10), pp.1560-1564. Bouet, V., Freret, T., Toutain, J., Divoux, D., Boulouard, M. and Schumann-Bard, P. (2007). Sensorimotor and cognitive deficits after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the mouse. Experimental Neurology, 203(2), pp.555-567. Dirnagl, U. (2010). Rodent models of stroke. New York: Humana. Engel, O., Kolodziej, S., Dirnagl, U. and Prinz, V. (2011). Modeling Stroke in Mice - Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion with the Filament Model. Journal of Visualized Experiments, (47). Kleinschnitz, C., Fluri, F. and Schuhmann, M. (2015). Animal models of ischemic stroke and their application in clinical research. DDDT, p.3445.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 104 SMALL FARMERS AND LAND CONCENTRATION: PERSPECTIVES AND LAW Laura Candian Fraccaro
Ph.D student at University of Campinas, Research funded by São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP [email protected]
Abstract: In April 17th 2016, it has been twenty years since the Eldorado Carajás Massacre in which nineteen members of landless workers movement were killed by police officers. Although the violence and injustice that took place in this dispute over a piece of land may seem unique, these elements had been part of Brazil history for many centuries. Violence toward people, destruction of crops, expropriation, forgery of land records and other strategies were recurrently used by estate owners who wanted to obtain a larger rural property. In this presentation, I analyse the trial disputes over land tenure in the turn of eighteenth to nineteenth century in order to understand how legal instruments, justice and local elites had an essential role on the land concentration we face nowadays. In order to do so, I chose Campinas as a study case since, at the period analysed, the city had a rapid economic growth based in sugar production. In the first decades after the foundation of the township, food farmers and the expanding plantation owners had a complementary relationship. The sugar cane plantations provided seasonal jobs for food producers and their families, as also a consumer market. Simultaneously, the food producers opened the frontier, slashing and burning the surrounding areas, and they guaranteed protection in the fringes of the sugar state from squatters. However, with the sugar cane plantation intrinsic necessity of enlarging its territory and its participation in the food production, the small farmers rapidly faced an increasing competition in the local market and the eviction of their land. The chosen research methods were micro-history and nominative record linkage, aimed at following individuals over time and through a variety of historical sources, for instance, wills, probate documents and trials records regarding conflicts over landholding. Micro-history and nominative record linkage allow a reconstruction of the biographies of individuals and kin groups, in order to better understand their economic and social strategies for survival. It is mandatory to scrutinize the laws regarding the access to land and property along the history of Brazil. The issues proposed by this presentation may help to think a more egalitarian society wherein the perspectives of lower classes, repeatedly ignored in Brazil history, will be taken into account.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 105
Keywords: land concentration, squatters, food farmers, nineteenth century
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
Bibliography and References ALTINK, Henrice. Representation of slave women in discourses on slavery and abolition, 1780-1838. New York: Routledge, 2007. ALTINK, H. Slavery by another name: Apprenticed women in Jamaican workhouses in the period 1834–81, Social History, 26:1, 2001. BACELLAR, Carlos de Almeida Prado. Os senhores da terra: famílias e sistema sucessório de engenho do Oeste Paulista, 1765-1855. Campinas: CMU/ Editora Unicamp, 1997. CHALHOUB, Sidney. Visões da Liberdade: uma história das últimas décadas da escravidão na corte. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1990. COSTA, Emilia Viotti da. Da senzala à colônia, São Paulo: Editora da Unesp, 4ª edição, 1998. DEAN, Warren. Rio Claro: um sistema brasileiro de grande lavoura, 1820-1920. Trad. Waldívia Portinho. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1977. FARIA, Sheila de Castro. A colônia em movimento: fortuna e família no cotidiano colonial. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1998. FRANCO, Maria Sylvia de Carvalho. Homens livres na ordem escravocrata, 4ª Ed., São Paulo: Fundação Editora da UNESP, 1997. GRENDI, Edoardo. Repensar a micro-história?. In REVEL, J. (org.) Jogos de escalas. A experiência da microanálise. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FGV, 1998, p. 251-262. KUZNESOF, Elizabeth. "Migração e Família no Mundo Atlântico: Brasil e Portugal” In: Núcleo de Estudos de População ‘Elza Berquó’. Campinas, SP: UNICAMP, March 24th 2014. LEVI, Giovanni. A herança imaterial: trajetória de um exorcista no Piemonte do século XVII. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2000. LIMA, Henrique Espada. A micro-história italiana:escalas, indícios e singularidades.Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2006. LUNA, Francisco V. KLEIN, Herbert. Evolução da sociedade e economia escravista de São Paulo de 1750-1850. Edusp, 2005. MACFARLANE, Alan. Família, Propriedade e Transição Social. Trad: Ruy Jungman. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar Editores S. A., 1980. MACFARLANE, Alan. Reconstructing Historical Communities. London: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 106 MARTINS, José de Souza. O Cativeiro da Terra, 2ª edição, Livraria Editora Ciências Humanas Ltda, 1981. ______. O tempo da fronteira. Retorno à controvérsia sobre o tempo histórico da frente de expansão e da frente pioneira. Tempo Social; Rev. Sociol. USP, SP, 8(1): 25-70, maio 1996. MARTINS,Valter. Nem senhores, nem escravos: os pequenos agricultores em Campinas, 1800-1850, Ed. CMU/Unicamp, 1996. MATTOS, Hebe. Ao sul da História: lavradores na crise do trabalho escravo. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FGV, Faperj, 2009. METCALF, Alida. Family and frontier in colonial Brazil: Santana de Parnaíba, 1580-1822. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2005. PETRONE, Maria Thereza S. A Lavoura canavieira em São Paulo. Expansão e Declínio 1765-1851. Difel, São Paulo, 1968. PRADO JUNIOR, Caio. Formação do Brasil Contemporâneo:colônia.Ed. Brasiliense, 5ª Ed., 1957 . SCOTT, Ana Volpi. A historiografia do Cambridge Group: contribuições ao estudo da população, família e do grupo doméstico. Revista Estudos Amazônicos, Vol. IX, N.01, 2013, p.01-31. SHARPE, James. The bewitching of Anne Gunter: a Horrible and True Story of Deception, Witchcraft, Murder, and the King of England. New York: Routledge, 2000. SILVA, Fernando Teixeira da; CHALHOUB, Sidney . Sujeitos no imaginário acadêmico: escravos e trabalhadores na historiografia brasileira desde os anos 1980. Cadernos Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth (UNICAMP) , v. 14, p. 13-57, 2009. SLENES, Robert W. A. Escravidão e família: padrões de casamento e estabilidade familiar numa comunidade escrava. Campinas, século XIX. Estudos Econômicos, São Paulo, vol. 17, nº 2, maio/ago,1987.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 107 ESPORTS AND OLYMPIC GAMES: SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF RIO 2016 CASE STUDY Vanisssa Wanick1 Leonardo Mataruna2
1. University of Southampton 2. Coventry University – CARNiVAL project sponsored by European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/under REA grant agreement n° 612614 [email protected]
Abstract: Technology and digital devices have enabled people to watch spectacles and mega events everywhere at any time. In this scenario, video games emerged as a way to provide more interactive experiences to users all over the world. The result of that is the rise of games as a cultural form. In this context, eSports arose as a way to understand the spectator’s and the player’s role in through the lens of sports and entertainment. With the Olympics happening this year, the announcement of eSports tournaments is a reflection of gaming as a culture. During the 2016 Olympics, people will be able to play and watch extremely skilled gamers playing videogames. eSports are a new social and cultural practice. For gamers, it is a way to be seen, displaying their skills and abilities while playing games. For the audience, it is a way to feel excitement while watching others play games. However, the spectator’s role goes beyond excitement. Audiences are organised into communities. This new category of video gaming goes beyond getting a high score. The exchange of excitement and enjoyment between audience and gamers make eSports a global phenomenon in business. One of the main challenges of studying eSports is segmentation and demographics. On the other hand, eSports allow different types of players that have the necessary skills to compete. This could reflect an inclusive characteristic of eSports. eSports tournaments occur in arenas and the gameplay is usually streamed all over the world. The audience can watch their teams playing in the big screen anywhere. This shows that eSports can be ubiquitous. In addition, with advances in technologies, such as virtual reality, eSports could become more “real” than people could imagine. Video games can embed sports values, particularly through trust, respect and friendship. This incorporation of video games in the Olympics reinforces the concept that video games can be inclusive and go beyond entertainment. For Rio 2016, eSports could reinforce the legacy of the Olympic games and to be an associate tool to promote mega events. In this talk, we address the main implications about eSports in the Olympics setting through an overview of eSports definition, players’ skills and abilities, audience features, sports values, social and economic impacts and implications for the future of eSports in the Olympics.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 108 Keywords: eSports, games, culture, sport management
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Mataruna, L. (2007). Percepção dos Jogos Pan-Americanos Rio 2007 por especialistas internacionais em estudos Olímpicos. In: Rejane Penna Rodrigues; Leila Mirtes Magalhães Pinto; Rodrigo Terra; Lamartine P. DaCosta. (Org.). Legados de Megaeventos Esportivos. 1ed.Brasília: Ministério do Esporte, 2008, v. 1, p. 337-342.
Taylor, L.L. (2014). Introduction to ESPORTS: your guide to the world of electronic sports and how it has become a million-dollar business. Digital Independent Book.
Zambrano, C. (2014). Havok: your introduction to esports. Book1. California: Havok Series.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 109 SPORTS MEGA-EVENTS AND TOURISM DESTINATION IMAGE OF BRAZIL: FOREIGNERS’ INTENTIONS TO ATTEND THE 2016 OLYMPIC GAMES
Dr Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos 1.3 and Thiago Melo2.3
1: Coventry University 2: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro / Technische Universität München 3: CARNiVAL project sponsored by European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007- 2013/under REA grant agreement n° 612614
Since the bidding process for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, the holding of sport mega-events in Brazil has been used as a discursive instrument to justify investments and possible legacies that these events can promote to the country. Between these legacies, Tourism figures as one of the main lasting legacy of the World Cup and the Olympic Games. This paper is a presents a preliminary study part of the research conducted in the European Union’s CARNiVAL project. It investigates how sports mega-events is influencing in the image of Brazil as a tourism destination and then foreigners’ intention to attend the next Olympic Games, to be held in Rio de Janeiro this year. A mixed qualitative and quantitative questionnaire survey was applied in the city centre of Munich, Germany, looking forward to find evidences which could verify the hypothesis that the more positive is the image of Brazil as a tourism destination, the higher the intention to visit the country during the Olympics. In the end we draw relevant conclusion for the next steps of this research that is being developed at the Technische Universität München.
Keywords: Brazil, Olympic Games, Foreigners, Tourism destination image.
PRESENTATION MODALITY: ORAL PRESENTATION
References: Gruneau, R. ; Horne, J. (Ed.) (2015). Mega-Events and Globalization: Capital and Spectacle in a Changing World Order. Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society. New york: Routledge.
Mataruna, L. (2007). Percepção dos Jogos Pan-Americanos Rio 2007 por especialistas internacionais em estudos Olímpicos. In: Rejane Penna Rodrigues; Leila Mirtes Magalhães Pinto; Rodrigo Terra; Lamartine P. DaCosta. (Org.). Legados de Megaeventos Esportivos. 1ed.Brasília: Ministério do Esporte, 2008, v. 1, p. 337-342.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 110 Roche, M. (2000) Mega-Events and Modernity: Olympics and expos in the growth of global culture. Routledge, London. Chp, .1, p.1-30.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 111 SPORTS MEGA-EVENTS AND ADVERGAMES: AN ANALYSIS OF MARIO AND SONIC IN RIO 2016 OLYMPIC GAMES
Andressa Guimarães-Mataruna1 Leonardo Mataruna1 Vanisssa Wanick2
1. Coventry University – CARNiVAL project sponsored by European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/under REA grant agreement n° 612614. 2. University of Southampton [email protected]
The new tendencies of sport mega-events on video game are impacting in the feelings of the consumers. It is a pathway to persuade youth people to become future users of sport video games. The mega sport events became part of the routine of the Brazilians especially the Olympic and Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. Associated with these coming events, products for consumption are created for different age profiles, goals and consumers, principally in the market for games. The objective of this study is to search games, advergames and Olympic Education related to the two sport mega events in Brazil in 2016. It was applied a classification to investigate the subjects, design, the characters, perspectives, research of brands (advergames) and elements of the Olympic values. The findings revealed that just the game ‘Mario and Sonic and The Olympics’ focused on one only event without include concepts of the Olympism. In conclusion, the Educational Values and the diversity of Paralympics could be explored as part of sport mega- event legacy.
Keywords: Sport Mega Events, Legacies, Games, Advergames, and Olympic Values.
PRESENTATION MODALITY: ORAL PRESENTATION
References: BIZZOCCHI, J; BEN LIN, M; TANENBAUM, J. Games, narrative and the design of interface. International Journal of Arts and Technology. 4, 4, 460-479, Oct. 1, 2011. BROOKEY, R.A.; OATES, T.P. (eds). Playing to Win: Sports, Video Games, and the Culture of Play. Ed. Robert Alan Brookey and Thomas P. Oates. Indiana University Press, 2015. WANICK, V.; RANCHHOD, A.; WILLS, G. Advergames e influências culturais no comportamento do consumidor: uma análise do papel dos heróis, símbolos, rituais e
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 112 experiências contextuais. Intercom – Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação. Rio de Janeiro: 2015 WANICK, V.; RANCHHOD, A.; WILLS, G. Cultural persuasive affordances in advergaming design across cultures. Proceedings of the 19th International Academic Mindtrek Conference on - AcademicMindTrek ’15. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 22 set. 2015. Disponível em:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 113 THE UNDERSTANDING OF CRITICAL THINKING TROUGH’S CONSTRUCTION UNDER THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY DEVICES: A THEORY PROPOSED BY CYBERNETICS SCIENCE Lucia Helena Cavalcanti das Neves Valle Richard Mitchell
University of Reading [email protected]
Abstract: Concern for critical learning spaces within the school emerges in the digital generation, as an urgent need. Critical thinkers will be more adaptable to technologies and therefore the most likely to succeed in their activities. John Dewey, in his studies, has emphasised the need for reconstruction of everyday school practice, suggesting that is imperative abandon the ready-to-use models and work on a reflective philosophy of educational practice (Dewey, 2007). Now, this discussion seems to take shape (Almeida, 2011; Facione, 2000) as the information analysis skills that are directly related to critical thinking, have been discussed in the context of digital natives (Prensky, 2005), having, however, a need of bringing about the concepts relevant critical thinking the digital generation since it is organized and moves differently from "paper culture". Issues relating to understanding and learning have been classified in conventional academic terms, giving a focus to Digital Technologies as a matter just of technology, forgetting to address them as part of a broader understanding of the world. Attempts by current cognitive models in dealing with technology in school have only been able to see it as an instrument, a tool within a larger process, forgetting that we are dealing with the issues in a grander system. The science of Cybernetics seeks to understand the present in an interdisciplinary approach in general and particularly pausing in cyberspace and how that effects humans and their relationships. This research will seek a deeper understanding of critical thinking and technology using the methods of Cybernetics.
Keywords: Critical Thinking, Cybernetics, Human Cognition
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
References:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 114 Almeida, M. E. B. D. (2011). Tecnologia e educação a distância: abordagens e contribuições dos ambientes digitais e interativos de aprendizagem. Revista Brasileira de Educação a Distância, 6.
Dewey, J. (2007). Experience and education. Simon and Schuster.
Facione, P. A. (1990). Critical Thinking: A Statement of Expert Consensus for Purposes of Educational Assessment and Instruction. Research Findings and Recommendations.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants part 1. On the horizon,9(5), 1-6.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 115 FERDINAND REBAY’S CHAMBER SONATAS: CONTEXT, ANALYSIS, PERFORMANCE AND RECEPTION Luiz Mantovani
Royal College of Music [email protected]
Abstract: A closer look at the 19th century guitar developments in Austria reveals a decline in activity during the second half of that century. As a consequence, there is an absence of relevant guitar chamber music repertoire from the Romantic period, in contrast to what had happened in Vienna in the early 1800s (BUEK, 1926; HUBER, 1995; HACKL, 2011). The unearthing of Viennese composer Ferdinand Rebay (1880-1953) in the early 2000s revealed a wealth of original works written for guitar and other instruments. Although he lived in a period commonly associated with the Modernism and beyond, it has been suggested that Rebay’s writing shares stylistic traces with those of Romantic master Johannes Brahms (GAITZSCH, 2006), thus offering an alternative to the absence of original romantic repertoire. This project deals with a specific group of pieces written by Rebay between 1925 and 1942: his nine sonatas for melodic instrument and guitar. It is being conducted in three fronts, unified by contextual, analytical and practical procedures. Firstly, I propose to investigate Rebay’s life and career through the few available biographical sources and contextualize it against the background of the immense historical, political, social and cultural changes that encompassed his life's period. It also addresses his extreme conservative style in a period of modernist developments, represented in Vienna by composers such as Gustav Mahler and Arnold Schoenberg. The second part involves an in-depth investigation of the group of sonatas, culminating with a presentation of case studies. Each case study addresses a particular question raised from a variety of musicological approaches, including practice- based ones fed by my own experience in studying and performing these works. Finally, the third part examines the reception of this music by today’s audiences and performers. Through questionnaires directed at audiences (concert and online) and interviews with the chamber music partners, it will be possible to go beyond individual taste and conceive a collective evaluation of Rebay’s music.
Keywords: chamber music, guitar, Ferdinand Rebay, Modernism, sonata, Vienna
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 116
References:
Buek, Fritz. Die Gitarre und ihre Meister. Berlin-Lichterfelde : Schlesinger’sche Buch- und Musikhandlung, 1926.
Bujic, Bojan. Arnold Schoenberg. London: Phaidon, 2010.
Gaitzsch, Johann. “Ferdinand Rebay, Forgotten Brahms Epigone or Major Guitar Composer?". Soundboard XXXI, no.4 (2006).
Hackl, Stefan. Die Gitarre in Österreich : von Abate Costa bis Zykan. Innsbruck: StudienVerlag, 2011.
Huber, Karl. Die Wiederbelebung des künstlerischen Gitarrespiels um 1900 : Untersuchungen zur Sozialgeschichte des Laienmusikwesens und zur Tradition der klassischen Gitarre. Augsburg : Lisardo, 1995.
Rebay, Ferdinand. “Prof. Ferdinand Rebay – Gitarrekomposition." Österreichisches Gitarrezeitschrift 1 (1926): 2, 3.
—. “Sonate in C-dur für Oboe und Gitarre“, autograph’s score, 17/01/1942. F40.Rebay.12 Mus. Austrian National Library, Vienna, Austria.
Taruskin, Richard. Music in the Early Twentieth Century. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2010.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 117 ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE SAIS DO NEUROTRANSMISSOR TIRAMINA Lygia S. de Moraes* e Alan R. Kennedy
WestCHEM, Departamento de Quimica Pura e Aplicada, Universide de Strathclyde. Glasgow, G1 1XL, Reino Unido. *[email protected]
Resumo: O desenvolvimento de sais de ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos é um método de formulação de medicamentos importante para as indústrias farmacêuticos, uma vez que é uma via eficaz para aumentar a solubilidade do ingrediente ativo em água o que, por sua vez, melhora a capacidade de dissolução do medicamento em solução aquosa e a biodisponibilidade da droga no corpo humano (Pudipeddi et al., 2002; Pfannkuch et al., 2002). Criar formas salinas de ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos, pode modificar outras propriedades físico-químicas do produto, como por exemplo, aumentar o ponto de fusão e alterar higroscopicidade, sabor, estabilidade, biodisponibilidade e toxicidade (Gibson, 2009; Berge et al., 1977). Em contrapartida, a formação do sal com um contra-íon inativo diminui a percentagem de conteúdo ativo na droga, tornando-se necessário aumentar a ingestão de medicamento para se obter o mesmo resultado (Bowker, 2012).
A fim de aumentar a disponibilidade da ingrediente farmacêutico ativo em sua forma salina foram sintetizados quatro novos sais do neurotransmissor tiramina utilizando como contra- íon o ácido ftálico ou ácido oxálico; dois sais com estequiometria 1:1 cátion-ânion (hidrogenoftalato de tiramina e hidrogenooxalato de tiramina) e dois sais com estequiometria 2:1 cátion-ânion (ftalato de tiramina e oxalato de tiramina). Suas estruturas cristalinas foram determinadas utilizando Difração de Raios-X de Monocristal e analisadas de acordo com a conformação do cátion e ligações de hidrogênio que ocorrem entre as moléculas (Briggs et al., 2012). Ambas as estruturas com estequiometria 1:1 contém um cátion cristalograficamente independente por unidade assimétrica (Z'=1), enquanto ftalato de tiramina contém Z'=2 e oxalato de tiramina contém Z'=4. Todos os cátions presentes na hidrogenoftalato de tiramina, ftalato de tiramina e oxalato de tiramina possuem conformação estendida, enquanto o cátion presente no sal hidrogenooxalato de tiramina possui conformação dobrada. A análise de ligações de hidrogênio mostra que as interações mais fortes, ou seja, que possuem distância entre o átomo doador de prótons e o átomo receptor de prótons mais curtas, envolvem átomos de hidrogênio compartilhados por fragmentos aniônicos que se propagam na estrutura cristalina através de uma cadeia de ligação de
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 118 hidrogênio nos sais hidrogenoftalato de tiramina e hidrogenooxalato de tiramina. Ligações de hidrogênio fracas e moderados ocorrem entre fragmentos catiônicos nos sais hidrogenoftalato de tiramina, hidrogenooxalato de tiramina e ftalato de tiramina. Todas as
+ estruturas tem em comum ligações de hidrogênio fracas e moderadas entre o cátion RNH3 , que atua como um grupo doador de prótons, e um átomo de oxigênio do ânion carboxilato, que atua como um grupo receptor de prótons. A presença de um outro cátion na estrutura cristalina do sal aumenta o aparecimento de cadeias de propagação e anéis entre as ligações de hidrogênio (Etter, 1990). Gerando o sal ftalato de tiramina e oxalato de tiramina, ao invés de hidrogenoftalato de tiramina e hidrogenooxalato de tiramina, aumenta a disponibilidade do ingrediente farmacêutico ativo em 17,18% e 14,75%, respectivamente.
Palavras–chave: Tiramina, sal, estrutura cristalina, gifração de raios-x de monocristal, conformação, ligações de hidrogênio, ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: PÔSTER.
Referências:
Berge, S. M., Bighley, L. D. & Monkhouse, D. C. (1977). Pharmaceutical Salts. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 66, No. 1.
Bowker, M.J. (2002). A procedure for salt selection and optimization. In: Stahl PH, Wermuth CG, eds. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts. Zurich: Wiley-VCH.
Briggs, N. E. B., Kennedy, A. R. & Morrison, C. A. (2012). Acta Cryst. B68, 453–464
Etter, M. C. (1990). Acc. Chem. Res. 23, 120–126.
Gibson, M. (2009). Pharmaceutical Preformulation and Formulation - A Practical Guide from Candidate Drug Selection to Commercial Dosage Form. 2nd ed. Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
Pudipeddi, M., Serajuddin, A. T. M., Grant, D. J. W. & Stahl, P. H. (2002). Solubility and dissolution of weak acids, bases and salts. In: Stahl, P. H., Wermuth, C. G., eds. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts. Zurich: Wiley-VCH.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 119 Pfannkuch, F., Rettig, H. & Stahl, P. H. (2002). Biological effects of the drug salt form. In: Stahl, P. H., Wermuth, C. G., eds. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts. Zurich: Wiley-VCH.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 120 VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION IN BRAZILIAN WOMEN LIVING IN OPPOSITE LATITUDES (THE D-SOL STUDY) M.M. Mendes, K. Hart, L. Tripkovic, P.B. Botelho and S.A. Lanham-New
University of Surrey, United Kindgom [email protected]
Abstract: There is worldwide consensus that vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is a public health issue, with concomitant detrimental health effects including bone health, inflammatory and heart diseases, type I and II diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Given the important contribution of sunlight exposure to the production and maintenance of adequate serum VitD levels, its deficiency would be expected to be restricted to high latitude countries. However, studies conducted in sunny countries show that VitD deficiency is a common phenomenon, highlighting the need to investigate other influencing factors. In Brazil specifically, dietary sources are limited, and the few foods known to contribute are not commonly consumed. Furthermore, melanin is responsible for skin pigmentation and acts as a filter in the skin absorbing UVB rays, thus affecting the cutaneous production of pre-VitD in darker skins. The VitD receptor gene plays an important role in VitD metabolism and polymorphisms in this gene can potentially affect VitD expression. These documented influences on VitD status emphasize the need to monitor VitD serum levels and determine supplementation guidelines for different ethnic groups. This study hypothesises that VitD supplementation will be required to achieve optimal serum concentration in Brazilian people living in Brazil and in the United Kingdom and that this response is influenced by baseline VitD status, sunlight exposure, skin pigmentation, diet and polymorphisms of the VitD receptor gene. Two 12 week controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials will be undertaken (one in the UK and the other in Brazil). A questionnaire to screen for relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria will be used to recruit, in each country, 80 female Brazilian participants, aged 20 to 59 years. The women will be randomised into two groups: Placebo Group and Supplemented Group, the latter receiving 600IU VitD daily. The first clinical trial will run in the UK from October 2016 to March 2017 (autumn-winter) and then the second will run in Brazil from April 2017 to September 2017 (autumn-winter). Following analysis of the effect of VitD supplementation compared to placebo within and between countries, we propose to analyse genome-wide transcriptomic expression within leukocytes of selected participants in order to associate specific signal transduction and metabolic pathways to respective VitD responses. The ‘systems level’ approach will enable us to identify differences in gene expression and the contribution of this to the variations in response to supplementation
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 121 (‘good’ responders versus ‘poor’ responders). This is the first study that will examine two population groups of the same ethnic group and sex, living in different countries, with identical design studies. Our results will determine the relative importance of supplementation and sunlight exposure to serum VitD levels, comparing people living in the southern hemisphere, where there is abundant sunlight exposure, with people living in the northern hemisphere, where there is limited exposure to adequate sunlight. We will also compare the genetic influences on their response to supplementation. The data will provide both countries with key information to dietary recommendations for VitD in Brazilian women.
Keywords: Brazilian, Deficiency, Sunlight, Vitamin D, Women.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 122 CLIMATE AND CARBON CYCLE DYNAMICS IN THE EOCENE- OLIGOCENE BOUNDARY BASED ON PALYNOLOGICAL ANALYSES FROM MISSISSIPPI, GULF COAST PLAIN Marcelo Augusto de Lira Mota1, Roger Burgess1,2, Tom Dunkley Jones1
1University of Birmingham, United Kingdom 2University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom [email protected]
Abstract: The Eocene-Oligocene transition (E/OT: ~34 Ma) is the largest climate transition of the past 65 million years. In less than 0.5 Ma, deep-ocean benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) record a large (>1‰) positive step-change, corresponding to a deep- water cooling and massive increase in the terrestrial cryosphere, as Antarctic ice sheets grew to a continental extent (Coxall et al., 2005; Lear et al., 2008; Liu et al., 2009). This coincided with a long-term transition from high to low-pCO2 levels, and from a greenhouse to icehouse climate state (Zachos et al., 2008; Pagani et al., 2011). Recent coccolith- dominated high-resolution bulk carbonate isotopic records from the eastern Equatorial Pacific show a pronounced negative shift in both δ18O and δ13C between ~35.5 and 34.5 Ma, prior to the E/OT (Wilson et al., in prep.). Here we present new data from this pre-cursor interval, through into the E/OT, from continuously cored continental shelf section on the US Gulf Coast. Composed of ~137m (15-152m deep) Yazoo Formation clays, these yield high quality microfossil, and palynomorph preservation. More than one hundred palynological slides provided a ~28kyr resolution biostratigraphy, including a number of potentially useful palynomorph bioevents and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. The Eocene-Oligocene boundary was placed at 87ft within the core. The species richness between ~35.5 and 34.5 Ma initially has a sharp increase but then suddenly decreases. This behavior can be interpreted as a response to the environmental change. If the species are analysed separately, those from restricted to inner neritic environments (e.g. Homotryblium floripes, Homotryblium oceanicum) tend to disappear across the cited range, while those from outer neritic to oceanic environments (e.g. Pentadinium laticinctum) tend to peak in abundance, which may indicate a relative transgression during the pre-cursor shift. This is in accordance with the negative long-term oxygen isotope shift. The system tract model proposed here is characterized by a transgressive system tract at 491-399ft and a high stand system tract at 399-51ft. A maximum (399ft) and a minor (251ft) flooding surface were detected inside the core, which is supported by previously published sequence stratigraphy models. The next step of this project aims to generate a new high resolution fine-fraction (<20µm) bulk carbonate stable isotope records through the latest Eocene and the Eocene/Oligocene
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 123 transition. This would provide a further stratigraphic and palaeoclimatic framework for the interpretation of the palynological data. This work was supported by CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brazil).
Keywords: Eocene-Oligocene transition, Gulf Coast Plain, palaeoclimate change, palynomorphs
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References: Coxall, H. et al. 2005, Nature, 433: 53-57. Lear, C. H., et al., 2008, Geology, 36: 251-254. Liu, Z., et al. 2009, Science, 323: 1187-1190. Pagani, M. et al. 2011, Science, 334: 1261-1264. Zachos, J., et al., 2008, Nature, 451: 279-283.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 124 HABITAT USE, ENVIRONMENTAL DRIVERS AND CONNECTIVITY OF FISHES AMONG NEARSHORE HABITATS
Marcelo Paes Gomes, Leonie Robinson and Matthew Spencer
School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool [email protected]
Abstract: Nearshore habitats are important for reproduction, feeding and growth of many fish species and are usually subject to seasonal influxes of adults from other habitats. Understanding which drivers make these habitats suitable for fish species and, in particular, why this might vary seasonally is relevant to resource management. On the southeastern Brazilian coast, detached macrophytes are carried by surface currents and swell and deposited along beaches in winter (Dry period), but are absent in summer, nutrient-enriched Rain period. They are likely to improve refuge and food for fishes and invertebrates. Can an environmental driver determine what happens to the species found in these habitats? In a complex environment, composed by a mosaic of different habitats, to what extent will different fish species respond to the driver in similar ways? This project aims to determine how the presence of detached macrophytes affects fish populations strongly enough to be considered an environmental driver for this region. Different, adjacent coastal areas in the southern coast of Espírito Santo State were surveyed from 2003 to 2012, comprising a range of habitats including Shelf (Oct/2003 to Sep/2004), Rockpools (Aug/2005 to Jun/2007), Estuaries (Jan/2006 to Dec/2006, and May/2011 to Apr/2012), Reefs (Jan/2009 to Dec/2009), Sand beaches (Apr/2010 to Nov/2010) and Inner shelf (May/2011 to Apr/2012). In all sites fishes were identified, counted and size measured, being some specific studies attempted to gender, reproductive status, feeding and stable isotopes analysis. First, we attempted to evaluate how detached macrophytes influence fish size in inner shelf habitats. Stable isotopes results leads to biomass sharing from Rhodophyta to Sciaenid fishes through epifaunal crustacean diet. Juvenile fish abundance, size and condition were enhanced in Dry period. Effects on fish sizes were modeled to be applied to nearby habitats and further to North Sea fish populations, using available information from International Council for Exploration of the Seas (ICES) database. These data will be used to develop an Ecological Connectivity index for adjacent, coastal habitats as a management tool, making possible to consider environmental losses into marine impact accountabilities.
Keywords: Environmental drivers, fish responses, habitats similarities, enhanced size, stable isotopes, fish feeding MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 125
References Andrades, R., Gomes, M. P., Pereira-filho, G. H., Souza-filho, J. F., Albuquerque, C. Q., & Martins, A. S. 2014. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. The influence of allochthonous macroalgae on the fish communities of tropical sandy beaches, 144, 75–81. Bergamino, L., Lercari, D., Defeo, O. 2012. Terrestrial trophic subsidy in sandy beaches: evidence from stable isotope analysis in organic matter sources and isopod Excirolana armata. Aquat. Biol. 14: 129-134. Ben-David, M. e Schell, D. M. 2001. Mixing models in analyses of diet using multiple stable isotopes : a response, Oecologia 127:180–184. Cherel, Y., Hobson, K. A., & Guinet, C. 2007. Stable isotopes document seasonal changes in trophic niches and winter foraging individual specialization in diving predators from the Southern Ocean, 826–836. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01238.x Crawley, K. R. & Hyndes, G. A. 2007. The role of different types of detached macrophytes in the food and habitat choice of a surf-zone inhabiting amphipod. Marine Biology. 151:1433– 1443. Crowder, L.B. & W.E. Cooper. 1982. Habitat structural complexity and the interaction between bluegills and their prey. Ecology 63: 1802–1813. Defeo, O., MacLachlan, A. 2013. Global patterns in sandy beach macrofauna: Species richness, abundance, biomass and body size. Geomorphology 199: 106–114. Fry, B. (2006) Stable Isotope Ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York. Gomes, M. P., Cunha, M. S. & Zalmon, I. R. 2003. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Diurnal Ichthyofauna on Surf-Zone of São Francisco do Itabapoana Beaches, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 46 (4): 653-664. Ince, R.; Hyndes, G. A.; Lavery, P. S. & Vanderklift M. A. 2007. Marine macrophytes directly enhance abundances of sandy beach fauna through provision of food and habitat. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci., 74: 77–86. Krauss, K.W., Lovelock, C.E., McKee, K.L., López-Hoffman, L., Ewe, S.M.L., Sousa, W.P. 2008. Environmental drivers in mangrove establishment and early development: A review. Aquat. Bot., 89 (2008), pp. 105–127 Leakey, C. D. B., Attrill, M. J., Jennings, S., & Fitzsimons, M. F. 2008. Stable isotopes in juvenile marine fishes and their invertebrate prey from the Thames Estuary, UK, and adjacent coastal regions, 77. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.007 Lenanton, R. C. J.; Robertson, A. I. & Hansen, J. A. 1982. Nearshore Accumulations of Detached Macrophytes as Nursery Areas for Fish. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 9: 51-57.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 126 Lercari, D., Bergamino, L., & Defeo, O. 2010. Trophic models in sandy beaches with contrasting morphodynamics: Comparing ecosystem structure and biomass flow. Ecological Modelling, 221(23), 2751–2759. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.08.027 Link, J. S. 2005. Translating ecosystem indicators into decision criteria. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62: 569-576. Link, J. S., Yemane, D., Shannon, L. J., Coll, M., Shin, Y-J., Hill, L., and Borges, M. F. 2010. Relating marine ecosystem indicators to fishing and environmental drivers: an elucidation of contrasting responses. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 787–795. Lucena, F. M.; Vaske Jr, T,; Ellis, J. R. & Brien, C. M. 2000. Seasonal variation in the diets of bluefishes, Pomatomus saltatrix (Pomatomidae) and striped weakfish, Cynoscion guatucupa (Sciaenidae) in the southern Brazil: implication of food partitioning. Environmental Biology of Fishes. v.57, p. 423-434. Oppedal, F, Dempster, T and Stien, L. 2011. Environmental drivers of Atlantic salmon behaviour in sea-cages: a review. Aquaculture, 311: 1–18. Tam, J., Taylor, M. H., Blaskovic, V., Espinoza, P., Michael Ballón, R., Díaz, E., Wosnitza- Mendo, C., et al. 2008. Trophic modeling of the Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem, Part I: Comparing trophic linkages under La Niña and El Niño conditions. Progress in Oceanography, 79(2-4), 352–365. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2008.10.007 Werner, E. E., Gilliam, J. F., Hall, D. J., Mittelbach, G. G. 1983a. An experimental test of the effects of predation risk on habitat use in fish. Ecology 64:1540-48. Werner, E. E., Mittelbach, G. G., Hall, D. J., Gilliam, J. F. 1983b. Experimental tests of optimal habitat use in fish: The role of relative habitat profitability. Ecology 64:1549-55.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 127 SUSTAINABLE EPOXY RESINS FOR MARITIME APPLICATION: PROJECT OVERVIEW AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS Marcos A. G. Benega¹, Robert Raja², James I. R. Blake¹
University of Southampton ¹Faculty of Engineering and the Environment – Fluid Structure Interaction ²Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences - Functional Inorganic, Materials and Supramolecular Chemistry [email protected]
Abstract: Human activity has extensively been based on non-renewable resources, as petroleum. These derivatives are used not only as fuels but also in the production of a variety of chemicals. In this sense, there is a great need of studying and developing sustainable compounds able to replace the petroleum derivatives. Vegetable oils contain triglycerides that can be used in this challenge. They naturally contain instaurations that can be transformed into desired products, as epoxides. These epoxide groups can be used in the production of epoxy resins, however, their properties must be studied and their use mastered. The production of epoxy resins from vegetable oils is well known but it employs harmful chemicals as carboxylic acids and concentrated hydrogen peroxide. To avoid this harsh conditions, the use of solid catalysts is being studied. This solid catalyst is formed from silicon (Si) and aluminium (Al) tetra coordinated with oxygen (O), these molecules are arranged in such a way as to form a crystalline structure, but containing pores and cavities. For the selective epoxidation of vegetable oils with hydrogen peroxide, one of the most commonly used zeolites is the titano-silicate (TS-1). The present project aims to produce epoxy resins from vegetable oils of different sources, they are soybean, camelina and linseed. The differences in their fatty acid methyl ester composition can affect reaction yields, curing and cured resin properties. In this work, some results of Near Infrared (NIR) Spectrometry are presented. This technique is now being studied as a tool for tracking the reactions used in the production of the epoxy resins from the vegetable oils. The preliminary results are satisfactory and the technique can be employed. Further work will be done using NIR spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Gas Chromatography may also be studied. The best reaction parameters will be investigated. Resin curing will initially be made with phenalkamines and phenalkamides, which are derived from cashew nut shell liquid. These curing agents bring a series of desired
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 128 properties to the epoxy systems, as water resistance, very well desired in maritime applications. Mechanical, chemical and thermic testing will be also performed in the cured resins for understating their behavior when applied where conventional epoxy usually is, especially for maritime application. The main motivations for using NIR spectrometry are: its availability, readiness in sample preparations for many cases and velocity of analysis. NIR also has some limitations which make the quantitative analyses laborious. The peaks in NIR spectra are overlapped and finding those that can be used is necessary, thus the results were compared to NMR for a preliminary validation. The reaction yields were not high, which was expected as the triglycerides are large molecules and do not diffuse well through the TS-1 pores. However, both techniques showed similar results, meaning that NIR can be used for tracking the initial reactions which are being applied in this step of the work.
Keywords: Bio-resins, epoxidation, epoxy resins, near infrared spectrometry, transesterification, zeolites.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Abdullah, B.M. & Salimon, J., 2010. Epoxidation of vegetable oils and fatty acids. Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(15). Adewale, P. et al., 2014. Determination of the iodine value and the free fatty acid content of waste animal fat blends using FT-NIR. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 72, pp.72–78. Azizian, H. & Kramer, J.K.G., 2005. A rapid method for the quantification of fatty acids in fats and oils with emphasis on trans fatty acids using fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR). Lipids, 40(8), pp.855–67. Biermann, U. et al., 2000. New Syntheses with Oils and Fats as Renewable Raw Materials for the Chemical Industry. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 39(13), pp.2206–2224. Clerici, M., 1993. Epoxidation of Lower Olefins with Hydrogen Peroxide and Titanium Silicalite. Journal of Catalysis, 140(1), pp.71–83. Danov, S.M. et al., 2013. Mechanism of olefin epoxidation in the presence of a titanium- containing zeolite. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 87(11), pp.1809–1812.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 129 Ding, C. & Matharu, A.S., 2014. Recent Developments on Biobased Curing Agents: A Review of Their Preparation and Use. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2(10), pp.2217–2236. Dzielendziak, A.S. et al., 2015. Spectroscopic chemical insights leading to the design of versatile sustainable composites for enhanced marine application. RSC Adv., 5(122), pp.101221–101231. Huali, X. et al., 2008. A review on heterogeneous solid catalysts and related catalytic mechanisms for epoxidation of olefins with H2O2. Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Quarterly, 22(1), pp.25–39. Malmstein, M., Chambers, A.R. & Blake, J.I.R., 2013. Hygrothermal ageing of plant oil based marine composites. Composite Structures, 101, pp.138–143. Parreira, T.F. et al., 2002. Quantitative Determination of Epoxidized Soybean Oil Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration. Applied Spectroscopy, 56(12), pp.1607–1614. Petrie, E.M., 2005. Epoxy Adhesive Formulations 1st ed., Mexico: McGraw-Hill Professional. Serrano, D. et al., 2009. Turning TS-1 zeolite into a highly active catalyst for olefin epoxidation with organic hydroperoxides. Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), (11), pp.1407–9. Téllez, G.L., Vigueras-Santiago, E. & Hernández-López, S., 2009. Characterization of linseed oil epoxidized at different percentages. Superficies y vacío, 22(1), pp.5–10. Wilde, N. et al., 2015. Highly efficient nano-sized TS-1 with micro-/mesoporosity from desilication and recrystallization for the epoxidation of biodiesel with H 2 O 2. Green Chem., 17(6), pp.3378–3389.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 130 DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES IN HIGH GRADE OVARIAN SEROUS CARCINOMA OF RESPONSIVE AND NON-RESPONSIVE PATIENTS TO CHEMOTHERAPY
Mariana Rezende Alves, Nayra Soares do Amaral, André Mourão Lavorato-Rocha, Alexandre André Balieiro Anastácio da Costa, Glauco Baiochi Neto, Fernando Augusto Soares, Louise De Brot Andrade, Rafael Malagoli Rocha.
Mariana Rezende Alves PhD Student- Oncology International Center of Research and Teaching (CIPE). Department of Anatomy Pathology (AC Camargo Cancer Center). São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Sandwich PhD: Poundbury Cancer Institute – CADQAS. Dorchester. Dorset email: [email protected]
Abstract: Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Europe for females and the seventh most common cancer worldwide. It is the 13th most common cancer overall, with around 65,600 new cases diagnosed in 2012. It is estimated 6,150 new cases of ovarian cancer in Brazil in 2016, with an estimated risk of 5.95 cases per 100 000 women; the fifth incident in the Midwest, with an estimated risk of 6.96 / 100,000. Most deaths are of patients presenting with advanced stage, high grade serous ovarian cancer with nearly 70% of cases. The standard of care is surgery followed by platinum/taxane chemotherapy. Currently available clinical and molecular prognostic factors provide an imperfect assessment of prognosis for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. During treatment, a large number of women with ovarian cancer eventually relapse and die of the disease. Platinum resistant cancer recurs in approximately 25% of patients within 6 months and overall 5-year survival is 31%. To better understand the biological and clinical features seen in ovarian serous carcinoma, we analyzed gene expression profiles of 11 primary ovarian cancers stratified in a homogeneous group based on their surgery, FIGO stage, histology and chemotherapeutic response during 2 years of follow up. We used microarray technology by simultaneously hybridizing ovarian RNA samples and reference mRNA. The genes selected for further analysis were categorized into up or down regulated in accordance with a defined threshold of fold change of ≥4.0 and ≤ –4.0, respectively. In silico Functional Analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to evaluate the 561 genes obtained based on a hierarchical clusterization of the expression data according to chemotherapy response (chemosensitive and
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 131 chemoresistant tumors). These genes were statically significant (P < 0.001) thought the Linear Models for Microarray. The IPA analysis showed genes with potential relationship with cancer and other molecular disorder as cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, molecular transport, and cell death and survival (p > 0.001) and also identified the top 10 modulators genes as TP63, ERP27, XAGE2, HOXA9, CAPN13*, MMP10, METTL25, AGR2, SYNPO2 and PSCA. These data show that gene expression profiling can discriminate primary chemoresistant from primary chemosensitive ovarian cancers and that these genes might represent potential targets for future investigation and potential therapeutic interventions. Keywords: high grade ovarian serous carcinoma, chemotherapy response, chemoresistant, microarray, gene expression.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 132 INTERACTION BETWEEN COGNITIVE ABILITY, ENERGETICS AND PERSONALITY IN HERMIT CRAB Mariana Velasque & Mark Briffa
Plymouth University [email protected]
Resumo: Cognition is the process by which animals acquire, process, store and manipulate information about their environment (Shettleworth, 2009). It comprises of perception, memory, learning and decision making and, by consequence, is considered to be an energetically demanding component of life history variation (Dukas, 1998; Giurfa & Menzel, 2013). Thus, cognitive ability is expected to show consistent among individual variation and might co-vary with other aspects of behaviour such as boldness (Smith et al., 2008). We investigate whether cognitive ability is correlated with metabolic rate (MR) and among individual differences in mean boldness in the hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus. To estimate cognition, we evaluate the assessment of a new gastropod shell with a higher or lower quality as the previously owned by the hermit crab (Hills, 2006). We expected that individuals with higher cognitive ability will be more likely to accept a higher quality shell or reject a poor one in less time than individuals with a lower cognitive ability. Surprisingly, we found no correlation between cognitive ability, MR and boldness in P. bernhardus. However, we found a positive correlation between mass and cognition. Our results indicate that cognition may have different neural processes that maintain a low energy consumption during tasks and also that such process might be age-related.
Key words: cognition, energetics, life-history strategies, marine invertebrate, personality
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References: Dukas, R. (1998). Cognitive ecology: the evolutionary ecology of information processing and decision making (Vol. 1). University of Chicago Press. Giurfa, M., & Menzel, R. (2013). Cognitive Components of Insect Behavior. Invertebrate Learning and Memory. Hills, T. T. (2006). Animal Foraging and the Evolution of Goal‐Directed Cognition. Cognitive Science, 30(1), 3-41. Shettleworth, S. J. (2009). Cognition, evolution, and behavior. Oxford University Press.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 133 Smith, B. R., & Blumstein, D. T. (2008). Fitness consequences of personality: a meta- analysis. Behavioral Ecology, 19(2), 448-455.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 134 OBESITY: IS THIS GLOBAL EPIDEMIC ALSO LEADING TO CANCER? Marília Cristina de Oliveira Gonzaga
Queen Mary University of London/ Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [email protected]
Abstract: Obesity is defined as an excess of fat accumulation in the body and it has the potential to cause different health issues. Lamentably, this major concern is now considered an epidemic because of the increased prevalence worldwide, influencing different diseases, such as ischaemic heart disease, muscle-skeletal conditions, stroke and type II diabetes (1). In the past few years, scholars started to study a possible association between obesity and cancer. Cancer cells suffer directly the influence of the environment, affecting its proliferation towards the body. That happens because cancer cells, as any other cell, require nutrients, hormones and growth factors, provided by their surroundings. The link between an individual’s nutrition and the initiation and progression of a malignant lesion may be one of the underlying mechanisms of this complex interaction (2). According to different studies, obesity was associated with a higher risk of death from pancreatic, colorectal, gallbladder, liver and kidney cancer, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and multiple myeloma in both sexes; breast, ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer in women; and leukaemia, esophageal, stomach, and prostate cancer in men (3,4,5). Interestingly, most of the studies showed an inverse association with lung cancer mortality, suggesting that obesity could be a protective factor for lung cancer (3,6,7). Of course, obesity is not an isolated factor that implicates in most of the cancers; not all obese individuals develop cancer and not all patients with cancer are obese. Obesity is possibly a mirror of underlying dysfunctions that interact with a genetic background and may lead to an increased susceptibility to cancer (8). Intentional weight loss that happens with healthy habits, such as having a balanced diet and doing regular exercises, may protect against cancer development (2,9). Since obesity appears as a global epidemic and cancer is the second most prevalent cause of death in the world, there is an urgent claim establish this possible association and act on both sides to prevent a major issue. Unfortunately, we still do not have specific guidelines orientating the management and screening of cancer in obese patients, despite their increased risk of having the disease (8). At the same time that is known that not all cancers are susceptible to the effects of obesity, more studies are necessary to evaluate the patients at risk for those specific types of cancer that are influenced by obesity, in order to increase the chances of an early diagnosis and consequently cure.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 135
Keywords: cancer risk, health promotion, obesity.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References:
1. World Health Organization (WHO). (2015) Obesity and Overweight. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ (Accessed 9th February 2016). 2. Gallagher EJ, LeRoith D. (2015) Obesity and Diabetes: the increased risk of cancer and cancer-related mortality. Physiol Rev 95: 727–748. 3. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. (2003) Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults. N Engl J Med 348: 1625–1638. 4. Harvie M, Hooper L, Howell AH. (2003) Central obesity and breast cancer risk: a systematic review. Obesity Rev 4: 157–173. 5. Golabek T, Bukowczan J, Chlosta P, Powroznik J, Dobruch J, Borowka A. (2014) Obesity and prostate cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Urol Int 92: 7–14. 6. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. (2008) Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 371: 569–578. 7. Leung CC, Lam TH, Yew WW, Chan WM, et al. (2011) Lower lung cancer mortality in obesity. Int J Epidemiol 40(1):174-182. 8. Mazzarella L. (2015) Why does obesity promote cancer? Epidemiology, biology, and open questions. Ecancer 9:554. DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2015.554 9. Birks S, Peeters A, Backholer K, et al. (2012) A systematic review of the impact of weight loss on cancer incidence and mortality. Obesity Rev 13(10): 868–891.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 136 EURAL CORRELATES OF NUMBER PROCESSING IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN BORN VERY PRETERM Mérari Ferreira, Dr Michelle de Haan, Prof. Neil Marlow
University College London, Institute of Child Health, Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry Unit [email protected]
Abstract: Individuals born very prematurely (<32 weeks gestational age) present a high prevalence of learning difficulties, with low mathematical attainment being more frequent than other learning difficulties, impacting markedly on their lives. A potential predictor to mathematical attainment is the ability to discriminate large numbers (>3) mediated by the Approximate Number System (ANS), a primitive cognitive system demonstrated even by infants. While few studies have claimed that the ANS is a potential tool to predict mathematical achievement, other studies did not found positive correlations, with other number-related tasks claimed to be better predictors (e.g. symbolic magnitude comparison). Additionally, the interplay of those basic numerical skills and executive functions, a strong predictor to mathematical achievement, remains unclear. A potential technique that might elucidate the neural basis of basic numerical abilities is event-related potentials (ERPs). It has not been reported studies investigating the neural correlates of number processing in infants and children born prematurely and its interplay with executive functions. Studying the early stages of typical development and atypical development in conditions that can disrupt mathematical achievement and number processing helps to elucidate the mechanisms by which numerical representations are structured and change over development. Using event related potentials (ERPs) and tasks number-related tasks, this study aims to investigate the neural basis of numerical processing in infants and school aged children born very preterm and it relations with executive functions. Because the neural basis of mathematic difficulties in children born preterm has not been described in detail since infancy, this study might enhance knowledge of the mechanisms of mathematics outcomes in children born preterm.
Keywords: event-related potentials, executive functions, numerical cognition, prematurity.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 137 - Hyde, D. C., & Spelke, E. S. (2011). Neural signatures of number processing in human infants: evidence for two core systems underlying numerical cognition. Developmental Science, 14(2), 360-371. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00987.x - Xu, F., & Arriaga, R. I. (2007). Number discrimination in 10-month-old infants. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25(1), 103-108. doi: 10.1348/026151005X90704 - Heine A, Tamm S, Wissmann J, Jacobs A. M. (2011). Electrophysiological correlates of non-symbolic numerical magnitude processing in children: joining the dots. Neuropsychologia, 49(12): 3238-46. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.07.028. - Klein E, Moeller K, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, et al. Processing of Intentional and Automatic Number Magnitudes in Children Born Prematurely: Evidence From fMRI. Developmental Neuropsychology. 2014;39(5):342-364. doi:10.1080/87565641.2014.939179.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 138 MINIMUM SHIELDING GAS FLOW RATE ANALYSIS IN GMAW PROCESS Misael Pimentel1, Alexander M. Galloway1, Athanasios I. Toumpis1
1Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK [email protected]
Abstract: The present study focuses on minimising the amount of shielding gas required during the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process by studying combinations of variables such as torch velocity, nozzle diameter, wire feed speed and types of gases, also making use of a novel process known as alternating shielding gases (ASG). The shielding gas flow rate (SGFR) is typically set based on the operator’s experience due to recurrent lack of information regarding its optimum value. Consequently, there is a tendency for gas wastage. Previous studies state that the SGFR can be reduced to 6 L/min and 10 L/min in draft-free and worst draft environments, respectively. For the presented rates however, no usage of ASG in its minimum rate is demonstrated and there is considerable scope to evaluate this extreme. Primarily, the minimum for a constant gas flow rate is identified followed by the use of the ASG process. Both computational analysis and experimental trials are employed, compared and examined using experimental and numerical methods such as transverse tensile testing, bend testing, microstructural characterisation, hardness measurements and computational fluid dynamics. In addition, methods such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Schlieren visualisation assist in understanding the ASG behaviour.
Keywords: Alternating Shielding Gas, Gas Metal Arc Welding, Genetic Algorithm, Minimum Shielding Gas Flow Rate, Schlieren.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
[1] Campbell, S. W., Galloway A. M. and McPherson N. A., 'Techno-economic evaluation of reducing shielding gas consumption in GMAW whilst maintaining weld quality', International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 63, No. 6-9, pp. 975-985, 2012.
[2] Campbell, S. W., Galloway, A. M. and McPherson, N. A., ‘Techno-economic evaluation on the effects of alternating shielding gases for advanced joining processes’,
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 139 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, Vol. 225, No. 10, pp. 1863-1872, 2011.
[3] Chang, Y. H., ‘Improve GMAW and GTAW with alternating shielding gases’, Welding Journal, Vol. 85, No. 2, pp. 41-43, 2006.
[4] Jönsson, P. G., Eagar, T. W. and Szekely, J., ‘Heat and metal transfer in gas metal arc welding using argon and helium’, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 383-395, 1995.
[5] Kim, D., Rhee, S. and Park, H., 'Modelling and optimization of a GMA welding process by genetic algorithm and response surface methodology', International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 40, No. 7, pp. 1699-1711, 2002.
[6] Ramsey, G. M., Galloway, A. M., Campbell, S. W., McPherson, N. A. and Scanlon, T. J., 'A computational fluid dynamic analysis of the effect of side draughts and nozzle diameter on shielding gas coverage during gas metal arc welding', Journal of Materials Processing.
[7] Reeves, C.R., 'Using genetic algorithms with small populations', Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, 1993, California, USA.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 140 DEVELOPMENT, RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE SELF- REGULATION OF EATING BEHAVIOUR QUESTIONNAIRE (SREBQ) FOR ADULTS Nathalie Kliemann, Rebecca Beeken and Fiona Johnson
Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public, University College London [email protected]
Abstract: This abstract reports the development of the Self-regulation of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (SREBQ) for adults, and presents evidence for its reliability and construct validity. Self-regulation refers broadly to the multiple processes involved in goal-directed behaviour and encompasses management of behaviour, thoughts, feelings, attention and environment in the pursuit of personal goals. The capacity to self-regulate eating behaviours may help individuals to cope with the obesogenic environment and achieve, as well as maintain, a healthy weight and diet. However, there is no comprehensive, reliable and valid questionnaire to assess this capacity in the adult population. The aim of this study was to address this gap by developing and validating a measure of eating self-regulatory capacity for adults. The development of the SREBQ involved generation of an item pool, followed by two pilot studies (Samples 1 and 2) and a study exploring the questionnaire’s underlying factor structure (Sample 3). The final version of the SREBQ was then assessed for reliability and construct validity (Sample 4). The process of developing the SREBQ resulted in a 5-item psychometric scale. The face validity was satisfactory, as assessed by the pilot studies. The factor structure analysis (Sample 3) suggested that it has one underlying factor, which was confirmed performing the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in a different sample (Sample 4). Evidence for the construct validity of the SREBQ was also found. The SREBQ showed a positive correlation with general measures of self-regulation (p<0.001). It was also positively correlated with motivation and behavioural automaticity for avoiding unhealthy foods, and negatively correlated with food responsiveness and emotional over-eating (p<0.001). It also showed good discriminant validity, as it was not strongly related to satiety responsiveness, food fussiness and slowness in eating. The SREBQ also showed good internal and external reliability (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.75; ICC of 0.77), demonstrating that the questionnaire is measuring eating self-regulatory skills consistently and reproducibly. In conclusion, the five- item Self-Regulation of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire is a novel measure of eating self- regulatory capacity that is consistent, reliable and valid for use in the general UK adult population. The validation process provided evidence that the SREBQ assesses people’s
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 141 capacity to control and manage their eating behaviour in order to achieve and/or maintain their eating intentions. This new measure is likely to be useful for the assessment of the effectiveness of dietary and weight control interventions and particularly for assessing the effectiveness of interventions which aim to improve dietary self-regulation. Future studies are needed to test the validity of the SREBQ in different populations (e.g. ethnic minorities and other countries such as Brazil) and against behavioural measures.
Keywords: eating behaviour, psychometric scales, reliability, self-control, self-regulation; validity
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3-MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References:
Boekaerts M, Maes S, Karoly P: Self-Regulation Across Domains of Applied Psychology: Is there an Emerging Consensus? Applied Psychology: an international review. 2005, 54:149- 154. Carver CS, Scheier MF: On the Self-Regulation of Behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Kroese FM, Evers C, De Ridder DTD: How chocolate keeps you slim. The effect of food temptations on weight watching goal importance, intentions, and eating behavior. Appetite. 2009, 53:430-433. Hagger MS: The Multiple Pathways by Which Trait Self-Control Predicts Health Behavior. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2014, 48:282-283. Johnson F, Pratt M, Wardle J: Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012, 36:665-674.
.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 142 FROM LONDON 2012 TO RIO 2016: SPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROMOTION AND THE OLYMPIC GAMES Paul Bretherton and Billy Graeff
Loughborough University [email protected]
Abstract: Following the formal addition of “legacy” to the Olympic Charter in 2002 (International Olympic Committee, 2013), there is now a growing expectation that hosts of the Olympic Games demonstrate how the event will leave a positive social legacy in the host country. This expectation is increasingly being approached in part through policies to increase sport and physical activity (PA) participation in the host nation. This presentation critically reviews the sport and PA policies and initiatives delivered in association with both London 2012 - of which the UK Government's "first priority" was "to make the UK a world- leading sporting nation" (DCMS, 2008) by encouraging two million more people to take part in sport and physical activity (PA) - and the forthcoming Games of Rio 2016, where the focus was placed more upon the transformation of Brazil into a "country with high sports and social performances" (Viga and Bulcão Pinheiro, 2010). As the first two summer Olympic hosts selected since the addition of 'legacy' to the Olympic Charter in 2002, these cases of London 2012 and Rio 2016 provide an valuable point of comparison between two Games' approaches to bringing about a legacy for sport and PA.
This presentation examines a range of social factors render mass participation-based legacy objectives particularly problematic. These include the roles and responsibilities of the "diversity of organisations" (Lansley, cited in DH, 2011) and actors that are required to co- operate around PA participation, the practical difficulties that must be overcome in order to increase PA - e.g. the 'demonstration effect' (Weed et al., 2015), and the challenge of proving the effect of the Games on PA conclusively (Wellings, Datta, Wilkinson and Petticrew, 2011). In a broader global context where sport mega events are increasingly being held in 'non-traditional' areas such as the 'Global South' (e.g. Giulianotti & Klauser, 2010), the interaction between these specific factors and the respective social and cultural contexts of the UK and Brazil offers a useful vantage point from which to consider an increasingly prominent aspect of contemporary rationales for hosting the Olympic Games. Keywords: London 2012, Olympic Games, Olympic Legacy, Physical Activity, Rio 2016, Sport Participation
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 143 MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References: Department for Culture, Media and Sport (2008). Before, during and after: Making the most of the London 2012 Games. London: DCMS
Department for Health (2011). The public health responsibility deal. London: DH Giulianotti, R. & Klauser, F. (2010). Sport governance and sport mega-events: Toward an interdisciplinary research agenda. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 34(1), 49-61. International Olympic Committee (2013a). Olympic Charter. Retrieved from http://www.olympic.org/Documents/olympic_charter_en.pdf
Wellings, K., Datta, J., Wilkinson, P. & Petticrew, M. (2011). The 2012 Olympics: Assessing the public health effect. The Lancet, 378(9797), 1193-1195. Weed, M. E., Coren, E., Fiore, J., Wellard, I., Chatziefstathiou, D. and Suzanne, D. (2015) The Olympic Games and raising sports participation: a systematic review of evidence and an interrogation of policy for a demonstration effect. European Sport Management Quarterly, 15 (2).
Viga, R. and Bulcão Pinheiro, L. (2010). Dilma visita COB e ganha agasalho de equipe brasileira. Terra. [online] Available at: http://esportes.terra.com.br/jogosolimpicos/2016/dilma-visita-cob-e- ganha-agasalho- de-equipe brasileira,3b8872b4b13ba310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html [Accessed 19 Oct. 2015].
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 144 POSTER PRESENTATION: NAME OF THE AUTHOR(S)/INSTITUTION: Polliane Morais de Carvalho a Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião b Guy Howard Carpenter c a Department of Mucosal and Salivary Biology - King’s College London, Tower Wing Guy's, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom b Department of Pediatric Dentistry - Piracicaba Dental School - University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP 13414-903, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil c Department of Mucosal and Salivary Biology - King’s College London, Tower Wing Guy's, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom Abstract Objective: to investigate the effects of a high fat diet (HFD) on salivary glands in vivo, in a mouse model. In particular, whether it will induce the appearance of fat cells in salivary glands, alterations related to autophagy, mTOR pathway and sympathetic innervation. Design: 27 adult female ICR mice were separated in six groups. Three groups fed with (HFD) containing 55% fat, for one, two and three month and another three groups fed with normal diet (1.75% of fat), for the same time periods. The submandibular glands and liver were dissected and part homogenized for protein analyses and part fixed in formalin for histological analyses Results: After three months the HFD fed mice total body weight fold change increased compared to controls. The Oil Red O staining showed no fat cells deposit in salivary gland however a large increase was observed in liver after three months of HFD. Adiponectin levels were significantly decreased in the HFD group after three months. The group fed with HFD for three month showed increased conversion of the LC3 autophagy marker in salivary gland. mTOR showed no activation regarding the time point studied. Tyrosine hydroxylase significantly decreased after two and three month of HFD. Conclusion: HFD caused several changes after three months however the earliest change was noticed after two months regarding sympathetic innervation. This suggests neural alteration may drive other diet induced changes in salivary glands. These early changes may be the starting point for longer term alterations of salivary glands with alterations in diet. Key words: submandibular gland, high fat diet, autophagy, mTOR, sympathetic innervation References: Proctor GB, Carpenter GH. Salivary secretion: mechanism and neural regulation. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;24:14-29. Proctor GB. The physiology of salivary secretion. Periodontol 2000. 2016 Feb;70(1):11-25. Li Y, South T, Han M, Chen J, Wang R, Huang XF. High-fat diet decreases tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression irrespective of obesity susceptibility in mice Brain Res. 2009 May 1;1268:181-9.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 145
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 146 INDIVIDUAL ACCEPTABILITY OF POSITIVE INCENTIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY BEHAVIOUR: A SEGMENTATION APPROACH IN CURITIBA, BRAZIL Rafael Alexandre dos Reis
University of Leeds [email protected]
Abstract: Research has shown a substantial increase in the participation of conventionally fuelled vehicles (CFV’s) in the urban transport modal split. The reasons for this unsustainable reality are multiple, from economic interventions to individual behaviour. The development and delivery of positive incentives for the adoption of more environmental- friendly modes of transport is an emerging strategy to help tackling the problem of excessive car use. The efficiency of this approach, like other information-based schemes, can benefit from knowing which are the groups of individuals that are more susceptible to these interventions, to allow the development of better directed strategies. The goal of this project is to explore the level of acceptability of different population segments to different incentive schemes for sustainable travel behaviour. It is assumed that different segments of the population, regarding geographic, sociodemographic and psychological factors, respond significantly different to a range of positive stimulus. A survey will be applied in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. The context of developing countries have not yet received research attention regarding the relation of diverse individual factors with CFV’s use and the use of a segmentation approach to allow better targeted transport policies in the form of incentives, which are the main expected contributions of this project.
Keywords: Mobility Behaviour, Positive incentives, Population segmentation, Sustainable Transport, Transport Mode Choice.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
Referencias
Ajzen, I., 1991. Theories of Cognitive Self-RegulationThe theory of planned behavior. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 50, 179–211. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T Anable, J., 2005. “Complacent Car Addicts” or “Aspiring Environmentalists”? Identifying travel behaviour segments using attitude theory. Transp. Policy 12, 65–78. doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2004.11.004
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 147 Anable, J., Gatersleben, B., 2005. ALL WORK AND NO PLAY? THE ROLE OF INSTRUMENTAL AND AFFECTIVE FACTORS IN WORK AND LEISURE JOURNEYS BY DIFFERENT TRAVEL MODES. World Transit Res. Bamberg, S., Ajzen, I., Schmidt, P., 2003. Choice of Travel Mode in the Theory of Planned Behavior: The Roles of Past Behavior, Habit, and Reasoned Action. Basic Appl. Soc. Psychol. 25, 175–187. doi:10.1207/S15324834BASP2503_01 Bamberg, S., Schmidt, P., 2001. Theory-driven subgroup-specific evaluation of an intervention to reduce private car use. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 31, 1300–1329. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb02675.x Becken, S., 2007. Tourists’ Perception of International Air Travel’s Impact on the Global Climate and Potential Climate Change Policies. J. Sustain. Tour. 15, 351–368. doi:10.2167/jost710.0 CNI, 2015. Retratos da Sociedade Brasileira - Mobilidade Urbana (No. 27). Confederação Nacional da Indústria (CNI). Dargay, J., 2008. Personal Transport Choice, in: Household Behaviour and the Environment. DENATRAN, 2015. Frota Nacional. Departamento Nacional de Trânsito. Dumas, J.S., Dobson, R., 1979. Linking consumer attitudes to bus and carpool usage. Transp. Res. Part Gen. 13, 417–423. doi:10.1016/0191-2607(79)90005-0 Ellaway, A., Macintyre, S., Hiscock, R., Kearns, A., 2003. IN THE DRIVING SEAT: PSYCHOSOCIAL BENEFITS FROM PRIVATE MOTOR VEHICLE TRANSPORT COMPARED TO PUBLIC TRANSPORT. World Transit Res. EXAME, 2014. Curitiba é capital com mais carros por pessoa. Hunecke, M., Haustein, S., Boehler, S., Grischkat, S., 2010. Attitude-Based Target Groups to Reduce the Ecological Impact of Daily Mobility Behavior. Environ. Behav. 42, 3–43. doi:10.1177/0013916508319587 IPPUC, 2014. EDITAL DE CONCORRÊNCIA PÚBLICA INTERNACIONAL No CI 003 / 2014. Johansson-Stenman, O., 2001. Estimating individual driving distance by car and public transport use in Sweden (Report). Jong, G.D., 1996. A disaggregate model system of vehicle holding duration, type choice and use. Transp. Res. Part B Methodol. 30, 263–276. doi:10.1016/0191-2615(95)00030-5 Kieu, L.M., Bhaskar, A., Chung, E., 2015. Passenger Segmentation Using Smart Card Data. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 16, 1537–1548. doi:10.1109/TITS.2014.2368998 Kitamura, R., 2010. Life-style and travel demand. Transportation 36, 679–710. doi:10.1007/s11116-009-9244-6 Mackett, R.L., 2003. Why do people use their cars for short trips? Transportation 30, 329– 349. doi:10.1023/A:1023987812020
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 148 Marcel Hunecke, A.B., 2001. Responsibility and Environment Ecological Norm Orientation and External Factors in the Domain of Travel Mode Choice Behavior. Environ. Behav. 33, 830–852. doi:10.1177/00139160121973269 Mikiki, F., Papaioannou, P., 2012. Investigating pro-Environmental and Active Travel Behaviour for Successful Sustainable Travel Promotion. Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci., Transport Research Arena 2012 48, 1424–1433. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1118 Nordlund, A.M., Garvill, J., 2003. Effects of values, problem awareness, and personal norm on willingness to reduce personal car use. J. Environ. Psychol. 23, 339–347. doi:10.1016/S0272-4944(03)00037-9 NTU, 2016. Curitiba teve a maior baixa no número de passageiros de ônibus em 2015. Outwater, M., Castleberry, S., Shiftan, Y., Ben-Akiva, M., Shuang Zhou, Y., Kuppam, A., 2003. Attitudinal Market Segmentation Approach to Mode Choice and Ridership Forecasting: Structural Equation Modeling. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board 1854, 32–42. doi:10.3141/1854-04 Prillwitz, J., Barr, S., 2011. Moving towards sustainability? Mobility styles, attitudes and individual travel behaviour. J. Transp. Geogr. 19, 1590–1600. Prillwitz, J., Barr, S., 2009. Motivations and barriers to adopting sustainable travel behaviour. Salomon, I., Ben-Akiva, M., 1983. The Use of the Life-Style Concept in Travel Demand Models. Environ. Plan. A 15, 623–638. doi:10.1068/a150623 Salomon*, I., Mokhtarian, P.L., 1998. What happens when mobility-inclined market segments face accessibility-enhancing policies? Transp. Res. Part Transp. Environ. 3, 129– 140. doi:10.1016/S1361-9209(97)00038-2 Segment Project, 2013. Final Report. Simma, A., Axhausen, K., Simma, A., Axhausen, K., 2004. Interactions between Travel Behaviour, Accessibility and Personal Characteristics: The Case of Upper Austria. EJTIR 179–197. Steg, L., 2005. Car use: lust and must. Instrumental, symbolic and affective motives for car use. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract., Positive Utility of TravelPositive Utility of Travel 39, 147–162. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2004.07.001 Steg, L., Vlek, C., Slotegraaf, G., 2001a. Instrumental-reasoned and symbolic-affective motives for using a motor car. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 4, 151–169. doi:10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00020-1 Steg, L., Vlek, C., Slotegraaf, G., 2001b. Instrumental-reasoned and symbolic-affective motives for using a motor car. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 4, 151–169. doi:10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00020-1 Sunset project, 2014. Project Final Report.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 149 Vredin Johansson, M., Heldt, T., Johansson, P., 2006a. The effects of attitudes and personality traits on mode choice. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 40, 507–525. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2005.09.001 Vredin Johansson, M., Heldt, T., Johansson, P., 2006b. The effects of attitudes and personality traits on mode choice. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 40, 507–525. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2005.09.001 Yuko Heath, R.G., 2002. Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: Predicting the Use of Public Transportation1. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 32, 2154 – 2189. doi:10.1111/j.1559- 1816.2002.tb02068.x Zhang, Z., Fujii, H., Managi, S., 2014. How does commuting behavior change due to incentives? An empirical study of the Beijing Subway System. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 24, 17–26. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2014.02.009
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 150 THE ROLE OF FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY: A FOCUS ON THE NBOME DRUGS AND NOVEL EXTRACTION METHODS Rafael Venson1, Hazel J. Torrance1, Denise A. McKeown1
1Forensic Medicine and Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK [email protected]
Abstract: Forensic toxicology is the application of toxicology and chemistry to the elucidation of situations that can potentially lead to judicial proceedings. The subject involves assisting with the elucidation of causes of deaths in homicides, suicides and accidents and also the investigation of crimes such as drug-facilitated sexual assault, impaired drug-driving as well as doping cases. Many cases in forensic toxicology involve the so-called “novel psychoactive substances” (NPS) that are drugs that have been appearing with increasing frequency over the last few years. Many of them had an “innocent” appearance or were even developed with altruistic intents however they ended up being responsible for cases of accidental and intentional fatal intoxications. One of the NPS are the 25-NBOMe drugs or “N-Bombs”, which possess high hallucinogenic potencies and have been freely available to buy on-line since 2010. Some of them have been scheduled as a Class A drug in the United Kingdom since 2013. Fatalities related to the use of the 25-NBOMe drugs have been reported and considering their high potency and high potential risk for users, efficient forensic toxicology intervention is needed to solve cases involving this class of drugs. Similarly to the drug market that constantly produces novel drugs, forensic toxicology has to evolve and produce innovative technologies to help solve cases that involve drugs. Generally the process of analysing biological specimens includes sampling, sample pre- treatment, extraction, detection/quantification, statistical evaluation and decision making. The process of extraction can be very time-consuming and very expensive. A novel extraction technique was introduced at the end of the 1990s and has been explored by forensic toxicologists worldwide. This method is called hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME). The mechanism of the extraction using HF-LPME involves the partitioning of the analyte between liquid phases and the device used to perform this type of extraction consists of a hollow porous fibre usually made of polypropylene which permits the analytes from the sample to pass through into the lumen of the fibre, in which the acceptor phase resides.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 151 Based on the increasing prevalence of the NBOMe and other NPS, and in the relative lack of data regarding their toxicokinetics, more studies must be performed which requires developing analytical methods with high sensitivity and specificity. In order to further explore HF-LPME and its application to forensic toxicology; a sensitive, accurate and precise method was developed, optimised and validated for the simultaneous detection and quantification of 5 NBOMe drugs in human whole blood, using HF-LPME followed by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The limit of detection of the method reached the range of pg/mL. HF-LPME combined with LC-MS/MS provides an attractive alternative to the more established extraction methods due to its low cost and green chemistry approach.
Keywords: Forensic toxicology, novel psychoactive substances, NBOMe, hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
[1] Jickells, S. and A. Negrusz, Clarke's analytical forensic toxicology. 2008, London: Pharmaceutical Press. [2] Favretto, D., J.P. Pascali, and F. Tagliaro, New challenges and innovation in forensic toxicology: focus on the "New Psychoactive Substances". J Chromatogr A, 2013. 1287: p. 84-95. [3] Wyman, J.F., Principles and procedures in forensic toxicology. Clin Lab Med, 2012. 32(3): p. 493-507. [4] Suzuki, J., et al., Toxicities associated with NBOMe ingestion-a novel class of potent hallucinogens: a review of the literature. Psychosomatics, 2015. 56(2): p. 129-39. [5] Kyriakou, C., et al., NBOMe: new potent hallucinogens - pharmacology, analytical methods, toxicities, fatalities: a review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2015. 19(17): p. 3270- 81. [6] Ghambarian, M., Y. Yamini, and A. Esrafili, Developments in hollow fiber based liquid- phase microextraction: principles and applications. Microchimica Acta, 2012. 177(3-4): p. 271-294.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 152 DEVELOPMENT OF NANO-IN-MICRO DRY POWDER FORMULATIONS FOR PULMONARY DELIVERY USING A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID TECHNOLOGY Ravenna Lessa Matos, Andrew Ingram
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham [email protected]
Abstract: Aerosol inhalation has been frequently applied to treat chronic respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), delivering active particles directly to the lungs. However, over the last decades, investigations on the potential use of the lungs as a therapeutic gateway for the systemic circulation have significantly increased [1], [2]. The alveoli enormous surface area, thin epithelial barrier and high blood supply enables a great mass transfer between air and blood and therefore a rapid onset of therapeutic action. Besides, the first-pass metabolism is avoided, increasing the bioavailability of many drugs, which makes the lungs an alternative for the delivery of pharmaceuticals in a non-invasive way when the oral route is not suitable. However, the respiratory tract has some defence mechanisms against airborne particles that limit its application as a delivery route. The mucus layer and ciliated cells are responsible for the mucociliary clearance mechanism that traps and moves particles to the throat, preventing them to reach the alveolar region. When particles escape the mucociliary clearance and reach the deep lung, macrophages can engulf and clear them [3]. Due to its enhanced properties compared to the bulk material, nanoparticles have been extensively researched in the pharmaceutical field. At the nanoscale, the surface-to-volume ratio increases, allowing for a faster interaction of particles with surrounding substances. Nevertheless, delivering nanoparticles to the lungs can be challenging since they can be easily exhaled. Dose measurement and reproducibility and particle stability are other concerns that require the design of robust delivery devices and drug formulations. The association of drug nanoparticles with a larger carrier can reduce the attraction force between particles, improving formulation stability and flowability. Once the formulation reaches the lungs, nanoparticles must detach from the carrier to be rapidly absorbed into the blood. Supercritical fluid-assisted processes have been extensively applied to produce drug nanoparticles with narrow particle distribution and high yieldsc. By producing nanoparticles into a fluidized bed of carrier particles, nanoparticles can coat on the carrier surface, creating a formulation suitable for pulmonary delivery [4]–[6]. The aim of this work is to coat lactose (1-5 µm) with active pharmaceutical nanoparticles using Supercritical Anti-solvent (SAS) and
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 153 Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (RESS) integrated with a fluidized bed, therefore
CO2-insoluble and CO2-soluble drug formulations can be produced. Keywords: coating, fluidized bed, nano-in-micro formulation, pulmonary delivery, supercritical fluids
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION
[1] I. M. El-sherbiny, N. M. El-baz, and M. H. Yacoub, “Inhaled nano- and microparticles for drug delivery,” Global Cardiology Science and Practice, pp. 1–14, 2015. [2] a. S. Silva, M. T. Tavares, and A. Aguiar-Ricardo, “Sustainable strategies for nano- in-micro particle engineering for pulmonary delivery,” J. Nanoparticle Res., vol. 16, no. 11, 2014. [3] S. Koussoroplis and R. Vanbever, Peptides and Proteins : Pulmonary Absorption, Fourth Edi. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2013. [4] G. A. Leeke, T. Lu, R. H. Bridson, and J. P. K. Seville, “Application of nano-particle coatings to carrier particles using an integrated fluidized bed supercritical fluid precipitation process,” J. Supercrit. Fluids, vol. 91, pp. 7–14, 2014. [5] V. Martín, R. Romero-Díez, S. Rodríguez-Rojo, and M. J. Cocero, “Titanium dioxide nanoparticle coating in fluidized bed via supercritical anti-solvent process (SAS),” Chem. Eng. J., vol. 279, pp. 425–432, 2015. [6] C. Vogt, R. Schreiber, G. Brunner, and J. Werther, “Fluid dynamics of the supercritical fluidized bed,” Powder Technol., vol. 158, no. 1–3, pp. 102–114, 2005.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 154 NEUROINFLAMMATION IN THE THALAMUS: COULD IT POINT TO CENTRAL POST STROKE PAIN? Couto, R.; Trueman, R.; Learoyd, A.; Hathway, G.
University of Nottingham [email protected]
Background 1 in 6 people will have a stroke (World Stroke Organization) and 40% of these patients will develop novel chronic pain as consequence(Klit, Finnerup, Overvad, Andersen, & Jensen, 2011). This pain can be central due to damage of central nervous system (central post stroke pain (CPSP)). CPSP is part of the neuropathic pain syndrome which is characterized by hypersensitivity and sensitive abnormalities after a cerebrovascular accident(G. Kumar & Soni, 2009). Strokes within the thalamic region most commonly cause CPSP. Treatment of CPSP is a great challenge for scientists and clinicians, there is a poor response to common painkillers and there is no established therapy for the condition.(B. Kumar, Kalita, Kumar, & Misra, 2009)
Recent studies into pathophysiology of central pain suggested that inflammatory processes in the CNS might play an important role (Marchand et al., 2005; Latremoliere & Woolf, 2009). There is a large inflammatory response to stroke, and it is possible that neuroinflammation in the spinothalamic pathway is crucial to the development of CPSP (Jin, Yang, & Li, 2010). In support of this recently some neuropathic pain syndromes have shown a good response to anti-inflammatory drugs(Cohen, 1987). In a model of stroke (middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)) bilateral hyperalgesia following mechanical and thermal stimuli has been shown, and therefore this model has been used in the current study(Takami, Fujita-Hamabe, Harada, & Tokuyama, 2011).
Methodology A group of mice which had a 30 minutes middle cerebral artery (MCAO) occlusion were sacrificed at different time points (24 hours, 7 days and 1 month) following the occlusion. This method produces an ischemic stroke in the striatum. The thalamus is linked with the striatum and thereby is a likely area for secondary degeneration. Furthermore, the thalamus has been reported in the literature as an important injured region in CPSP patients. Hence, the thalamus was chosen to be analysed by immunohistochemistry. The sections will be double-stained with specific antibody for M1 and M2 subtypes. Images produced will be analysed with quantification for activated microglia. After that, comparison between subtypes prevalence and different time points will be within different thalamic nucli,
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 155
Aim Search for histological markers of neuroinflammation in the thalamus which could lead to the development of central post stroke pain, and characterize how these change over time following a stroke.
Relevance Stroke is one of the most important causes of death and long term disability. Spontaneous or evoked pain as a complication of stroke is responsible for a considerable decrease in life quality for patients. It affects daily activities, mobility, concentration and mood and can even lead to suicide. More knowledge about CPSP physiopathology will help to lead to a treatment, therefore this project is highly important for stroke and pain research.
Keywords: central pain, CPSP, MCAO, neuroinflamation, stroke
PRESENTATION MODALITY: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
Reference List Cohen, K. L. (1987). Efficacy and Safety of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in the Therapy of Diabetic Neuropathy. Archives of Internal Medicine, 147(8), 1442. http://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1987.00370080078016 Jin, R., Yang, G., & Li, G. (2010). Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: role of inflammatory cells. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 87(5), 779–89. http://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1109766 Klit, H., Finnerup, N. B., Overvad, K., Andersen, G., & Jensen, T. S. (2011). Pain following stroke: a population-based follow-up study. PloS One, 6(11), e27607. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027607 Kumar, B., Kalita, J., Kumar, G., & Misra, U. K. (2009). Central poststroke pain: A review of pathophysiology and treatment. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 108(5), 1645–1657. http://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e31819d644c Kumar, G., & Soni, C. R. (2009). Central post-stroke pain: Current evidence. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 284(1-2), 10–17. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2009.04.030 Latremoliere, A., & Woolf, C. J. (2009). Central sensitization: a generator of pain hypersensitivity by central neural plasticity. The Journal of Pain : Official Journal of the American Pain Society, 10(9), 895–926. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012 Takami, K., Fujita-Hamabe, W., Harada, S., & Tokuyama, S. (2011). Aβ and Aδ but not C- fibres are involved in stroke related pain and allodynia: An experimental study in mice.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 156 Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 63(3), 452–456. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042- 7158.2010.01231.x World Heart Federation 2016, Stroke. Available from < http://www.world-heart- federation.org/cardiovascular-health/stroke/> [31th January 2016]
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 157 JAMES JOYCE AND THE PRESENCE OF MILTON Renata Meints Adail
University of Birmingham [email protected]
Abstract: James Joyce’s revolutionary power in literature is irrefutable since his seminal work Ulysses, which was proclaimed by T.S. Eliot one of the most important works of the modernist period. He once stated to his friend Arthur Power that his novel has liberated literature “from its age-old shackles”. His innovative use of language, narrative structures, a plethora of allusions, and the use of the technique known as the stream of consciousness were some of the aspects that have largely contributed to turning his writing into a form of empowerment and rebellion against the pre-established patterns of the predominantly English literary Canon. However, the innovation Joyce claimed to bring does not mean to break completely with the past; on the contrary, his allusions to his precursors form a consciousness that the past creations can coexist with the modern ones and influence them positively. Joyce revolutionises by engaging productively with the past and responding to it. In this paper, I aim at analysing some innovative aspects of Joyce’s oeuvre as a whole as a response to the past and specifically to John Milton’s work. I intend to show that Joyce did not repel the literary tradition of the English canon, but held his work open to make it possible for the past writers to ‘dwell’ peacefully within.
Keywords: James Joyce, John Milton, Presence in Literature, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
Reference List:
Arthur Power, Conversations with James Joyce. Dublin, Liliput Press, 1999. Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Production of Presence: What Meaning Cannot Convey. Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2004. Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Atmosphere, Mood, Stimmung: On a Hidden Potential of Literature. Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2012. James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1960. James Joyce, Ulysses. London, Bodley Head, 1986. John Milton, Paradise Lost. London, Longman, 1998.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 158
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 159 DEVELOPING NOVEL SUSTAINABLE FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS Shirley de Lima Sampaio, Madalina Neacsu, Wendy Russell
Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, Natural Products Group, University of Aberdeen [email protected]
Abstract: This study aims to develop plant-based functional ingredients to be incorporated into food products, by engaging novel applicability to existing food processing technologies, such as extractions, fractionations and microencapsulation. Sustainable crops of relevance for food security, quinoa and buckwheat, have been selected as sources of bioactive compounds. Plant bioactive compounds are commonly associated with health promoting or disease prevention properties. Additionally, quinoa and buckwheat are alternative crops of interest for both the Scottish and the Brazilian governments, due to their potential to contribute for global food security. This work will deliver novel smart food ingredients with targeted release of bioactives (key macro-, micro-nutrients and phytochemicals) to the gastrointestinal tract, contributing to promote (i) functional food innovation, (ii) public health, (iii) agricultural diversification (by stimulating demand for sustainable crops) and (iv) sustainable and healthier processed food products for the future.
Keywords: bioactive compounds, buckwheat, functional foods, quinoa.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
i. Amézqueta, S., Galán, E., Fuguet, E., Carrascal, M., Abián, J., & Torres, J. L. (2012). Determination of d-fagomine in buckwheat and mulberry by cation exchange HPLC/ESI–Q- MS. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 402(5), 1953-1960.
ii. Buttriss J, Riley H. (2013). Sustainable diets: harnessing the nutrition agenda. Food Chem. 2013 Oct 1;140(3):402-7.
iii. FAO (2015). The state of food insecurity in the world 2015. Available at:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 160 iv. FAO (2013). State of the art report on quinoa around the world in 2013. Available at:
v. FAO (2010). International scientific symposium biodiversity and sustainable diets against hunger. Available at:
vi. FAO (2009). An united call to action on vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Available at:
vii. Graf, B. L., Rojas‐Silva, P., Rojo, L. E., Delatorre‐Herrera, J., Baldeón, M. E., & Raskin, I. (2015). Innovations in health value and functional food development of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 14(4), 431-445.
viii. Kuljanabhagavad, T., Thongphasuk, P., Chamulitrat, W., & Wink, M. (2008). Triterpene saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Phytochemistry, 69(9), 1919-1926.
ix. Madl, T., Sterk, H., Mittelbach, M., & Rechberger, G. N. (2006). Tandem mass spectrometric analysis of a complex triterpene saponin mixture of Chenopodium quinoa. Journal of the American Society for Mass spectrometry, 17(6), 795-806.
x. Mastebroek, H. D., Limburg, H., Gilles, T., & Marvin, H. J. P. (2000). Occurrence of sapogenins in leaves and seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80(1), 152-156.
xi. Muir, A. D., Ballantyne, K. D., & Hall, T. W. (2000, June). LC-MS and LC-MS/MS analysis of saponins and sapogenins-comparison of ionization techniques and their usefulness in compound identification. In PROCEEDINGS-PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE (Vol. 45, pp. 35-42). Dordrecht; London; Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1998.
xii. United Nations (2015). Hunger statistics. Available at:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 161
xiii. WHO (2015). Obesity and Overweight. Available at:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 162 DEMONOLOGY AND EVIL BEINGS FROM ANCIENT TIMES: INVESTIGATING THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS Tupá Guerra
University of Birmingham (PhD student) [email protected]
Abstract: Demons are, for a mind of a person educated in the 20th century, in an occidental system of beliefs, a figure of condensed evil, capable of possessing human bodies to act according to the demon’s will or even with the ability of convincing people to do evil things. One possible, and current, representation of a demon is a humanoid, usually male, with red skin and horns. Literary fiction, films and comics offer plenty of examples of this type of representations in a variety of ways. However, the image that we take for granted as being clear has not always been the same for different cultures and periods of history.
The Dead Sea Scrolls are a group of ancient manuscripts found in the northwest shore of the Dead Sea containing some of the oldest copies of books from the Old Testament and other religious ancient Jewish texts. They are one of the biggest archaeological findings of the 20th century and one of the largest groups of ancient texts ever found. It offers scholars the opportunity to access aspects of the Jewish society in antiquity in a more comprehensive way, and the full corpus has only recently been published. This presentation proposes to examine the references to evil creatures in the Dead Sea Scrolls more closely.
Keywords: Dead Sea Scrolls, Demonology, Jewish, Magic.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References:
Alexander, P. S., ‘The Demonology of the Dead Sea Scrolls’. The Dead Sea Scrolls After Fifty Years: A Comprehensive Assessment, edited by P. W. Flint and J. C. VanderKam, 331- 353. Leiden: Brill, 1999
Bohak, G. Ancient Jewish Magic: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 163 ———. ‘Prolegomena to the Study of the Jewish Magical Tradition.’ Currents in Biblical Research 8 (2009): 107-150.
Brand, M. Evil Within and Without: The Source of Sin and Its Nature As Portrayed in Second Temple Literature. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013.
Dimant, D. ’Between Qumran Sectarian and Non-Sectarian Texts: The Case of Belial and Mastema.’ The Dead Sea Scrolls and Contemporary Culture, edited by A. D. Roitman, L. H. Schiffman and S. Tzoref, 235-256. Leiden/Boston: BRILL, 2011.
Eshel, E. ‘Demonology in Palestine during the Second Temple Period’. Ph.D. diss., Hebrew University (Heb.), 1999.
Hempel, C. The Qumran Rule Texts in Context: Collected Studies. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.
Lange, A. ‘The Essene Position on Magic and Divination’. Legal Texts and Legal Issues: Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the International Organization for Qumran Studies, edited by M. Bernstein, F. García Martínez and J. Kampen, 377-435. Leiden/New York/Köln: Brill, 1997.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 164 CIRCULATING TUMOUR CELLS: A MULTIFUNCTIONAL BIOMARKER Vanêssa Cavalcanti Aulette
Queen Mary University of London [email protected]
Abstract: Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are known to be cells dissociated from a primary solid tumour, which spread and circulate in peripheral blood stream. Evidence shows that CTCs can colonize distant organs and remain latent for more than 10 years until the cells develop or express special features in order to give rise to active metastases. Taking into account that metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients, being responsible for 90% of these deaths, the importance of an early detection method for metastasis becomes clear. Molecular methods suggest that CTC can be detected in the peripheral blood of 30 to 40% of clinically metastases-free patients (micrometastases). These are hidden and not detectable by routinely imaging exams, which can contribute to the disease relapse. This minimal residual disease, however, can be detected by CTCs screening, which is a much less invasive method than the bone marrow biopsy. Several studies have shown that the characterization of CTCs is still challenging, once some factors may contribute for a false positive or a false negative result. For example, it’s been reported that patients with underlying inflammatory diseases, especially, can harbor circulating epithelial cells that can be identified with ongoing CTC assessment. Interestingly, other experiments have shown that cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties seem to circulate in the bloodstream and seed particular organs even before the formation of the primary tumour. It is conventionally accepted that the metastatisation is a unidirectional process in which the tumour cells give rise to a new tumour. However, animal experiments have introduced the concept of “tumour self-seeding” or “cross-seeding” that is the CTCs seeding the primary tumour, and giving rise to an aggressive metastatic variant. Interestingly, it was observed that the malignancy of the cross-seeding is proportional to the amount of tumour cells shed in the blood circulation by the primary tumour. Considering that, these results suggest that self-seeding might be the cause of many cases of cancer recurrence, even after resection. Multiple researches have shown that the quantification of CTCs may also be used for monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy. These findings might be useful not only to evaluate the patient’s response to the neoadjuvant therapy, but also to predict the responsiveness of
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 165 the primary tumour to the drugs for later application in case of relapse, thus minimizing toxicity. Furthermore, the characterization of CTCs allows the identification of target molecules that may be useful in the personalized medicine model. Thus, research groups are currently evaluating the clinical efficacy of CTCs screening as a liquid biopsy, an innovative tool for prognosis prediction, and monitoring of systemic and personalized treatment on patients.
Keywords: circulating tumour cells, liquid biopsy, metastasis, personalized medicine, tumour cell dormancy, tumour self-seeding.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References
Mikulová V, Kološtová K, Zima T. Methods for detection of circulating tumour cells and their clinical value in cancer patients. Folia Biol (Praha). 2011;57:151–61. Kim MY, Oskarsson T, Acharyya S, Nguyen DX, Zhang XH, Norton L, Massague J. Tumor selfseeding by circulating cancer cells. Cell 2009;139: 1315–26. Weigelt, B., Peterse, J. L. & van 't Veer, L. J. Breast cancer metastasis: markers and models. Nature Rev. Cancer 5, 591–602 (2005) Alix-Panabieres, C. & Pantel, K. Circulating tumor cells: liquid biopsy of cancer. Clinl Chem. 59, 110–118 (2013). Camara O, Rengsberger M, Egbe A, Koch A,GajdaM, Hammer U, et al. The relevance of circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETC) for therapy during neoadjuvant (primary systemic) chemotherapy in breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2007;18:1484–92. Stoecklein NH, Klein CA. Genetic disparity between primary tumours, disseminated tumour cells, and manifest metastasis. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:589 –98. Pantel K, Alix-Panabie`res C, Riethdorf S. Cancer micrometastases. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2009;6: 339–51. Pantel K, Brakenhoff RH. Dissecting the metastatic cascade. Nat Rev Cancer 2004;4:448 – 56. Braun S, Vogl FD, Naume B, Janni W, Osborne MP, Coombes RC, et al. A pooled analysis of bone marrow micrometastasis in breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:793– 802 Cristofanilli M, Budd GT, Ellis MJ, Stopeck A, Matera J, Miller MC, et al. Circulating tumor cells, disease progression, and survival in metastatic breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:781–91.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 166 Renata K. Kuniyoshi1 & Flávia de Sousa Gehrke1 & Beatriz C. A. Alves1 & Viviane Vilas- Bôas1 & Anna E. Coló1 & Naiara Sousa2 & João Nunes2 & Fernando L. A. Fonseca1,3 & Auro Del Giglio1,4. Gene profiling and circulating tumor cells as biomarker to prognostic of patients with locoregional breast cancer. Pantel K, Deneve E, Nocca D, Coffy A, Vendrell JP, Maudelonde T, et al. Circulating epithelial cells in patients with benign colon diseases. Clin Chem 2012;58:936–40. Rhim AD, Mirek ET, Aiello NM, Maitra A, Bailey JM, McAllister F, et al. EMT and dissemination precede pancreatic tumor formation. Cell 2012; 148:349–61. Lianidou ES. Circulating tumor cells—new challenges ahead. Clin Chem 2012;58:805–7. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 2011;144:646 –74. Camara O, Kavallaris A, Noschel H, Rengsberger M, Jorke C, Pachmann K (2006) Seeding of epithelial cells into circulation during surgery for breast cancer: the fate of malignant and benign mobilized cells. World J Surg Oncol 4: 67 McDonald DM, Baluk P (2002) Significance of blood vessel leakiness in cancer. Cancer Res 62: 5381 – 5385 Friedl P, Wolf K (2009) Proteolytic interstitial cell migration: a five-step process. Cancer Metastasis Rev 28: 129 – 135 Liu, L.; Liu, L. SQ Online / CTC: Locating Tumor Cells. Available in:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 167 Hunter KW. Host genetics and tumor metastasis. Br J Cancer 2004; 90: 752–755. Meng S, Tripathy D, Frenkel EP et al. Circulating tumor cells in patients with breast cancer dormancy. Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10: 8152–8162. Pachmann K. Longtime recirculating tumor cells in breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 5657–5658. Van der Hage JA, van de Velde CJ, Julien JP et al. Preoperative chemotherapy in primary operable breast cancer: results from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer trial 10902. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19: 4224–4237. Pantel K, Alix-Panabie` res C. Circulating tumour cells in cancer patients: challenges and perspectives. Trends Mol Med 2010;16:398–406. Klein CA. Parallel progression of primary tumours and metastases. Nat Rev Cancer 2009;9:302–12. Riethdorf, S. et al. Detection and HER2 Expression of circulating tumor cells: prospective monitoring in breast cancer patients treated in the neoadjuvant geparquattro trial. Clin. Cancer Res. 16, 2634–2645 (2010). Wulfing P, Borchard J, Buerger H, Heidl S, Zanker KS, Kiesel L, Brandt B. HER2-positive circulating tumor cells indicate poor clinical outcome in stage I to III breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:1715–20. Weigelt, B., Peterse, J. L. & van 't Veer, L. J. Breast cancer metastasis: markers and models. Nature Rev. Cancer 5, 591–602 (2005)
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 168 ANÁLISES ESPAÇO E ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DOS CASOS NOVOS DE HANSENÍASE NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Vanessa Ferreira Sehaber Paulo Justiniano Ribeiro Junior Peter J. Diggle
Universidade Federal do Paraná [email protected] Universidade Federal do Paraná [email protected] Lancaster University
Resumo: A hanseníase é uma doença que a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) busca erradicar no mundo nos próximos anos, pois esta pode trazer danos irreversíveis aos indivíduos que a contraem, como feridas e perda de sensibilidade da pele, perda da visão e deformação dos membros superiores e inferiores. Trata-se de uma das mais remotas doenças no mundo cuja medicamento que proporciona a cura foi descoberto apenas na década de 80. Segundo literatura epidemiológica da hanseníase, esta é uma doença de baixa propagação, cujo contágio se deve por meio do contato com fluidos corporais, e pode estar associada com fatores sociais, econômicos, habitacionais, dentre outros. Há alguns anos atrás, a OMS estipulou uma meta para todos os países no mundo, a qual é a diminuição da detecção de casos novos de hanseníase para menos de 10 casos a cada 100.000 habitantes, pois assim acredita-se que a cadeia epidemiológica da doença possa ser quebrada. Em 2013, o estado do Paraná, localizado na região sul do Brasil, conseguiu atingir essa meta a nível de estado, com aproximadamente 9,8 casos a cada 100000 habitantes. Contudo, a nível de municípios, essa meta ainda está passível de ser atingida como um todo, pois existem desde aqueles municípios que estão acima como aqueles que estão abaixo da meta. De modo a entender melhor o padrão da doença no estado, técnicas estatísticas espaciais estão sendo empregadas nessa pesquisa. O presente trabalho está em desenvolvimento e visa: 1) retratar a perspectiva mais recente da doença por meio de técnicas estatísticas espaciais, de modo a obter um amplo entendimento da doença pela vigilância epidemiológica do estado; 2) entender a epidemiologia da doença no estado ao longo dos anos (1980-2013), além de obter um modelo probabilístico espaço-temporal para predição de casos novos. A natureza do fenômeno epidemiológico tem caráter probabilístico o qual pode ser explicado por uma distribuição de probabilidade Poisson, haja vista que a variável aleatória de interesse é o número de casos novos de hanseníase nos municípios de todo o estado do Paraná. Com relação ao primeiro objetivo da pesquisa, buscou-se covariáveis provindas do Censo de 2010 e do Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 169 Econômico e Social, de forma a buscar possíveis relações com ocorrência da hanseníase no estado. Estão sendo utilizados alguns modelos espaciais para a análise dos dados e em breve ter-se-á resultados preliminares. Conseqüentemente, o segundo objetivo será iniciado após atender o primeiro.
Palavras–chave: Hanseníase, análises estatísticas espaço e espaço-temporal, distribuição Poisson.
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE PÔSTER.
Referências: BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Políticas de Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Guia para o Controle da hanseníase. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2002.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Abordagens espaciais na saúde pública. Série B. Textos Básicos de Saúde. Série Capacitação e Atualização em Geoprocessamento em Saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2006. v. 1. DIGGLE, P. J.; RIBEIRO JR, P. J. Model Based Geostatistics. New York: Springer, 2007. GELFAND, A. E. et al. Handbook of spatial Statistics. Londres: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2010. MOLER, J. Spatial Statistics and Computational Methods. Lecture notes in statistics. New York: Springer, 2003.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 170 TRADITION AND TECHNOLOGY: MAPPING SHIFTING CARTOGRAPHIES OF AFRO-BRAZILIAN MEMORY AND HERITAGE IN RIO DE JANEIRO’S PORT REGION Victoria Adams
MPhil Candidate at the Centre of Latin American Studies University of Cambridge [email protected]
Abstract: My research explores the shifting cartographies of Afro- Brazilian memory and heritage in Rio de Janeiro’s port region. It takes as its starting point the recently launched (02/04/2016) ‘Pequena África’ route on the ‘Passados Presentes’ app and its affiliations with varied parties in the port region, such as the Universidade Federal Fluminense, the Quilombo Pedra do Sal, the Instituto de Pesquisa e Memorial Pretos Novos and the Museu de Arte do Rio. My research examines the new cartographies of the region drawn by the app and how these alter the memory of the region, as constructed by other heritage initiatives in the region such as the Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro’s Circuito Histórico e Arqueológico da Celebração da Herança Africana. I argue that the app expands the memory of the former in complex and political ways that result from its organisers engaged anthropology. Additionally, I argue that it reorients the Afro-Brazilian memory of Rio de Janeiro’s port region towards the Museu de Arte do Rio, the latter a product of the widely critiqued ‘Porto Maravilha’ redevelopment program for the region. I argue that this dynamic engages the app in a complex discursive framework that simultaneously resists and naturalises the reconfiguration and disruption of the region generated by the port redevelopment works. I also examine the varied uses envisioned for the app in relation to both memory tourism and the teaching of history. Consequently, I explore the app as an interface for spatial and material engagement with the region, both literally and discursively. My research is based upon fieldwork carried out in Rio de Janeiro’s port region in April 2016 and will contribute to my MPhil dissertation.
Keywords: Cartographies, heritage, museums, port redevelopment, Rio de Janeiro, technology
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 171 Araujo, Ana Lucia. 2010. Public Memory of Slavery. Amherst, NY : Cambria Press. Carvalho, Bruno. 2013. Porous City. Liverpool : Liverpool University Press. Cicaló, André. 2015. ‘Por Onde os Africanos Chegaram’. Horizontes Antropológicos, vol. 43, pp. 239- 271. . 2015. ‘‘Those Stones Speak:’ Black-Activist Engagement with Slavery Archaeology in Rio de Janeiro’. Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies, vol.10, no.3, pp. 251- 270. Cocco, Giuseppe. 2001. A Cidade Estratégica. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A. Farias, Juliana Barreto. 2006. Cidades Negras. São Paulo: Alameda. Gardner, Howard and Katie Davis. 2013. The App Generation. New Haven : Yale University Press. Guimarães, Roberta Sampaio. 2014. A Utopia da Pequena África. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FGV. Huyssen, Andreas. 2003. Present Pasts. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. Marstine, Janet. 2006. New Museum Theory and Practice. Oxford: Blackwell. Message, Kylie. 2006. New Museums and the Making of Culture. New York: Berg. Miller, Paul and Svitlana Matviyenko.2014. The Imaginary App. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Moura, Roberto. 1995. Tia Ciata e a Pequena África no Rio de Janeiro. 2nd ed. Rio de Janeiro: Secretaria Municipal de Cultura. Needell, Jeffrey. 2009. A Tropical Belle Époque. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Romo, Anadelia. 2010. Brazil's living museum: Race, reform, and tradition in Bahia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Xavier, Priscilla Xavier. 2016. Do Porto ao Porto Maravilha: Discursos que (re)criam a cidade. Curitiba: Appris.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 172 DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL BIOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR DENTINE REPAIR Vitor de Carvalho Moreno das Neves1* and Paul Sharpe1
1 Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK *Presenting author: [email protected]
Formation of reparative dentine (dentine bridge) is a natural repair response to dentine damage. However, the reparative process depends on the size of the injury in combination to the capping material of choice. In tooth restoration following deep caries damage a number of new products in use “ are promoted as being |”bioactive”. These include substances such as “Biodentine” (calcium silicate) (Septodent) and MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) (Dentsply). None of these compounds are based on an understanding of the biology of how reparative dentine forms and are not formulated to specifically promote dentine formation. It is established that Wnt signalling plays key roles in the odontoblast secretory stage. Using genetic mouse models we have shown that upregulation of canonical Wnt signalling enhances reparative dentine production. Based on this genetic data, a system for enhancing reparative dentine formation is being investigated comprising the application of small molecule Wnt signalling agonists. In order to assay this treatment, we have developed a reproducible system to damage mouse molars. This consists on using a dental burr to cut the dentine then the Wnt agonist (BIO (6-bromoindirubin-3’-oxime) or CHIR99021) is added on a commercial available collagen sponge (Kolspon®) that is placed in direct contact to the exposed pulp. We show that formation of reparative dentine is substantially enhanced when Wnt signalling is elevated by the use of signalling modulators when compared to MTA resulting in an almost complete restoration of the lesion. In addition to the increase of mineral secretion, when we investigated apoptosis, we could verify differences on cell death location between molars capped with BIO and MTA, which seems to be related to reparative dentine secretion area. This provides a basis for the development of potential novel biological-based products for repair of caries lesions.
Keywords: Stem cells, Regenerative dentistry, Wnt pathway, New dental treatment
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 173 ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICALS TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON ALGAE Zaniel Procópio, Colin Hunter, Ole Pahl
Glasgow Caledonian University - Civil Engineering & Environmental Technology Main author email: [email protected]
Abstract: In the UK, the rules that deal with water quality are established by European Union (EU) water quality directives. The limiting pollutant values of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) have been set, in part, with advice from the UK Technical Advisory Group (UKTAG). This legislation has affected significantly the pollution control features, making essential a broader understanding of the aspects applied for removal of substances in wastewater. Among potentially toxic substances present in the wastewater, pharmaceutical residues (PR) are becoming an emerging environmental problem due to their constant input and persistence in the aquatic environment, even at low concentrations 1,2. Confirming these factors, the PR were newly listed as priority and related watch-list substances of the WFD. In this perspective, considering the chemical complexity and the significant variety of substances classified as micro-pollutants, is relevant to focus on toxic substances that integrate this mixture and investigate their influence in the water sources. The present project combines the wastewater treatment via anaerobic digestion (AD) - considering sharing knowledge, improvement in techniques and background from another simultaneous project - with ecological toxicity analysis to evaluate the potential polluter effect of the effluent discharged in the environment. Hence, is indispensable to identify and assess the toxicity of this effluent before and after treatment, such control actions can be taken based on results obtained from samples prevenient from the final effluent. To evaluate the potential toxic impacts produced by PR in the environment, two algae, Chlorella vulgaris and Raphidocelis subcapitata, were evaluated as bioindicators. These organisms are found in the aquatic environment in the UK and demonstrate extensive application in water toxicology research 2,3. Different pharmaceuticals were selected from those proposed by Pharmaceutical Input and Elimination from Local Point Sources (Pills) project 4,5 as priority substances. The aim is to explore the biological effects within controlled aquatic systems containing microalgae cultures, by measurement of its growth rate and photosynthetic activities.
Keywords: Algae, bioindicators, pharmaceuticals, toxicity, wastewater.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 174
References 1. Samaras VG, Stasinakis AS, Mamais D, Thomaidis NS, Lekkas TD. Fate of selected pharmaceuticals and synthetic endocrine disrupting compounds during wastewater treatment and sludge anaerobic digestion. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013;244-245:259-67. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.039. 2. Kümmerer K. Pharmaceutivals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks. (Kümmerer K, ed.).; 2008. 3. OECD. Test No. 201: Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test. OECD Publishing; 2011. doi:10.1787/9789264069923-en. 4. Nafo I, Lyko S, Evenblij H, et al. Pharmaceutical Input and Elimination from Local Sources.; 2012. 5. Helwig K, Hunter C, Maclachlan J, et al. Micropollutant Point Sources in the Built Environment : Identification and Monitoring of Priority Pharmaceutical Substances in Hospital Effluents. J. Environ. Anal. Toxicol. 2013;3(177). doi:10.4172/2161.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 175