RE-Powering America's Land Initiative

RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recognizes the overall environmental Re-Powering America’s benefit of siting renewable energy projects on contaminated properties. Through Land Initiative the RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative, EPA is encouraging renewable energy development on current and formerly contaminated lands, landfills, and mine sites To provide information on renewable energy on when such development is aligned with the community’s vision for the site. contaminated land projects not currently appearing in this document, email [email protected]. Using publically available information, RE-Powering maintains a list of completed To receive updates, newsletters, and other renewable energy installations on contaminated sites and landfills. To date, the information about the RE-Powering program, RE-Powering Initiative has identified 135 renewable energy installations on 128 click the banner below. contaminated lands, landfills, and mine sites,1 with a cumulative installed capacity over 773 megawatts (MW) and consistent growth in total installations since the Subscribe inception of the RE-Powering Initiative. More than half of these installations are large- EPA’s RE-Powering Listserv scale systems with a project capacity of 1 MW or greater, either exporting energy onto the utility grid or offsetting onsite energy demands. This document provides summary statistics of known installations and discusses emerging trends.

130+ Renewable Energy Projects, Over 770 MW Installed Capacity

Technologies Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Wind Multiple Hydro (Micro) Geothermal Biopower Capacity (MW) < 2

2 - 5

5 - 20

20 -35

> 35

Alaska Hawai'i Puerto Rico/Virgin Islands

This map is for informational purposes only. The information was gathered from public announcements of renewable energy projects in the form of company press releases, news releases, and, in some cases, conversations with the parties involved. This map may not be a comprehensive representation of all completed renewable energy projects October 2014 on contaminated lands. To provide information on additional projects, please email [email protected].

1 In this document, installation and project refer to a single renewable energy technology installation, while site and location refer to a single contaminated property. A site or location may have more than one installation or project. For example, the former Dave Johnston Mine has three separate wind installations. Multiple installation details can be seen in the tracking spreadsheet at the end of this document.

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

National Deployment RE-Powering has identified installations of renewable energy on contaminated lands, landfills, and mine sites in 34 states and territories. The locations of these installations reflect evolving market trends generally linked to available renewable energy resource, Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), net-metering laws, and other incentives. For example, the Massachusetts RPS requires regulated distribution utilities and competitive suppliers to obtain a percentage of electricity from qualifying renewable energy units for retail customers. The RPS includes a Solar Carve-Out for PV facilities in support of the state’s goal of 1.6 gigawatts of PV statewide by 2020. Massachusetts also has a robust Solar Renewable Energy Credit (SREC) program, through which renewable energy generation “credits” can be sold in support of RPS goals. In addition, the state’s second SREC phase (SREC II), includes specific incentives for renewable energy on landfills and brownfields. INSTALLATIONS BY STATE2 State Renewable Distributed Installed Portfolio Solar Set-Aside Solar Multiplier Generation State # Installations Capacity (MW) Standard3 Policy4 Policy5 Requirement6 MA 49 104.6   NJ 11 41.7   CA 9 13.9  NY 7 67.2   CO 6 6.4    WY 5 295.8    PA 4 41.5   TN 4 10.1 OH 4 9.6   TX 3 11.6  7 8 WI 2 0.6  NC 2 0.6   IL 2 10.9    AZ 2 5.0    NM 2 3.0    OK 2 0.0  OR 1 100.00    RoUS9 20 50.6 TOTAL 135 773.1 Of identified projects, 82% are solar photovoltaics (PV) projects developed on contaminated lands, landfills, and mine sites, while 64% of installed capacity is provided by wind systems. These data are explained in part by a few very large wind projects, notably the Casselman Wind Power Project in Somerset County, Pennsylvania (35 MW), Steel Winds in Bethlehem, New York, (35 MW), the wind farm at Columbia Ridge Landfill, Oregon (100 MW), and the three wind farms at the former Dave Johnston Mine in Glenrock, Wyoming (276 MW). Although this trend continues in 2014, with 22 of the 23 completed projects to date being solar PV, the largest renewable energy project on contaminated property completed so far this year is the Pantex Wind Farm (11.5 MW).

2 Only state policy data provided. Table includes states with multiple installations and the state with the largest single installation. Policy information from DSIRE (www.dsireusa.org). Accessed October 21, 2014. 3 A renewable portfolio standard (RPS) requires a utility to use or procure a certain percentage of total generation from renewable sources. 4 A solar set-aside requires a certain percentage of the state’s electricity be generated from solar resources. 5 A solar multiplier gives additional credit for solar projects that contribute toward meeting RPS requirements. 6 A distributed generation requirement obliges a utility to procure a certain percentage of electricity from renewable, customer sited sources. 7 Texas has a non-wind set aside. It is not specific to solar. 8 Texas has a non-wind multiplier policy. It is not specific to solar. 9 For purposes of this report, RoUS (Rest of US) indicates other states with renewable energy on contaminated lands: Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawai’i, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, South Carolina, Virginia, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Vermont.

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

Total Projects by Technology Total Capacity by Technology10

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) 110 Wind 497 MW Solar Photovoltaic (PV) 256 MW Wind 21

Geothermal Biomass 1 Geothermal Hydro 1 Biomass w/Solar PV 1 20 MW 1

Liabilities into Assets In September, EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy visited the city of New “Generating renewable energy on formerly toxic sites is an innova- Bedford, Massachusetts, to commission a 1.8 MW solar installation at tive way to use space, and it’s an important part of EPA’s energy Sullivan’s Ledge. Originally a granite quarry, Sullivan’s Ledge operated initiative, RE-Powering America’s Land. The new solar field at Sul- as an industrial waste site from 1940-1970. In the early 1980s, EPA livan’s Ledge is a great example of the benefits of redevelopment. investigated the site and found high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls In one city after another, we’re heeding our moral obligation to act (PCBs), volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, on climate change in addition to saving cities and states money and chlorinated industrial solvents in the soil and groundwater. Sullivan’s by increasing renewable energy production and encouraging job Ledge was added to the Superfund National Priorities List in 1984. creation. We need this kind of leadership in cities and towns across EPA worked with 14 potentially responsible parties on a $15 million the country.” remediation of Sullivan’s Ledge. Steps included excavating and disposing —Gina McCarthy of sediments, placing an 11-acre impermeable cap over the quarry pits EPA Administrator and contaminated soils, and installing groundwater pumping systems. In 2013, EPA approved placement of the 5,000-panel solar installation on the cap. With the installation complete, the city of New Bedford now receives 50 percent of its electricity from solar and ranks second nationally for installed solar per capita. The installation is expected to save the city $2.7 million over its 20-year lifetime, and a solar design firm involved in the project, Beaumont Solar, employs graduates of the Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational Technical High School.

10 Two identified geothermal projects and one hydro project do not represent a significant percentage of total installed capacity.

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

Inside the Numbers Based on current trends, the majority of the RE-Powering energy systems sell power back to the grid as wholesale electricity, while a subset provides energy for onsite use. Systems range from utility-scale systems, like the newly installed 6 MW solar PV system at Shaffer Landfill, to small-scale green remediation systems, like the 300-kilowatt solar installation that supports soil clean-up and groundwater extraction at Fridley Plant in Minnesota. RE-Powering capitalizes on the opportunity to address contamination and support renewable energy implementation to achieve the associated economic and environmental benefits. Installations to date demonstrate the viability of projects across all EPA and state remediation programs, from powering industrial facilities at sites subject to RCRA corrective action to offsetting the energy demands at Federal Facilities with ongoing cleanup activities to repurposing brownfield and Superfund sites.

OVERVIEW INSTALLATIONS BY SITE TYPE12 Total # of sites 128 Solar and wind projects on landfills/landfill buffer 70 Total # of installations 135 Renewable energy projects on mine sites 7 Total installed capacity (MW) 773 Renewable energy projects on Superfund sites13 24 Total # of states represented 3411 Renewable energy projects on RCRA corrective action sites 13 Max individual installation size (MW) 118.5 Min individual installation size (MW) <.001 Renewable energy projects on current/former federal 17 facilities and contaminated properties Installation by Site Ownership Type Renewable energy projects on brownfield sites 30 # Installations Installed Capacity (MW) Installations by Renewable Technology Private 46 557.1 Municipal 52 105.4 # Installations Installed Capacity (MW) Federal 12 89.6 Wind 21 497.2 Other 11 17.2 Solar PV 110 255.9 Unknown 9 2.1 Biomass 1 20.0 State 2 0.9 Hydro 1 <0.1 Public 1 0.5 Geothermal14 2 <0.1 Federal/Municipal 1 0.2 135 773.1 Foundation 1 0.0 Total 135 773.1

Installations by Energy Production # Installations Installed Capacity (MW) Wholesale Electricity 84 693.2 Onsite Use - General 18 60.6 Onsite Use - Green Remediation15 23 7.8 Rooftop 4 4.7 Local Use 1 3.2 Onsite Use – Training 1 0.5 Community Owned/Subscription 2 1.0 Unknown 2 2.0

11 Includes U.S. Virgin Islands. 12 Some installations can be considered multiple “site types.” For example, a Superfund site on a federal facility would be counted both as a Superfund site and as a federal facility for the purposes of this table; however, sites that are considered to be multiple site types are counted only once when calculating the total number of sites. 13 Includes sites subject to the National Priorities List (NPL), non-NPL sites, and sites subject to removal action under Superfund. 14 One geothermal project, the Guthrie Green project in Tulsa, OK, uses a small solar array to power the geothermal heat pump. 15 On-site Green Remediation projects include all known projects which currently use or have previously used renewable energy for remediation purposes. This figure may include projects that have ceased operations since being added to the tracking matrix.

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solidaste W and Emergency Response RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

RE on CL in Focus: Vermont’s New Net Metering Law Supports Landfill Solar The state of Vermont took strides toward a renewable energy future recently with the passage of Act 99 of 2014. The act updates the state’s current net metering program and establishes a Public Service Board process to structure a new net metering program to take effect in 2017. Among other provisions, the act increases the net metering cap for utilities from 4 percent to 15 percent of peak load. If a utility reaches 15 percent of its peak load prior to the new net-metering program in January 2017, it can continue to accept solar net-metered systems ≤15 kilowatts at its own discretion. The law also continues an existing adder for solar installations – an additional credit amount that utilities must pay per kilowatt-hour of solar (minus the residential rate per kilowatt-hour). Act 99 includes specific considerations that can facilitate solar installations on landfill sites. First, the act removes the general provision that a system must be located on the customer’s premises to be eligible for net metering. Act 99 also specifically permits development of what it calls “municipality-serving” solar projects up to 5 megawatts (MW) on closed landfills at the utility’s discretion. Landfill solar projects can have numerous municipal members who benefit from a group net metering rate, and these projects do not count towards the utility 15 percent capacity cap. To read the full bill, visit the Vermont State Legislature website. For a summary of Act 99 and a history of Vermont’s net metering laws, visit the Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency.

RE on CL in Focus: Offering Additional Benefits to the Community The RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative highlights numerous potential advantages for reusing contaminated land for renewable energy, including leveraging existing infrastructure, protecting open space, and improving project economics through tax incentives and reduced land costs. RE on CL projects around the country are realizing these benefits, and some are offering even greater benefits to their communities. The 6-megawatt (MW) Ravenbrook Farms Landfill Solar Facility in North Carver, Massachusetts, is one such example. Through a net metering agreement with developer Southern Sky Renewable Energy, local medical provider Cape Cod Healthcare will save $200,000-$250,000 in energy costs per year for the next 20 years. Receiving credits for the off-site solar installation allows Cape Cod Healthcare to reduce costs and meet a corporate objective to support green Landfill solar installations like this one at Shaffer Landfill in Billerica, MA, can provide benefits energy. The arrangement has proven so successful that beyond renewable energy. Photo courtesy of Massachusetts Dept. of Environmental Protection Southern Sky plans to replicate it on a 2-MW solar facility on the town’s capped landfill (Ravenbrook Farms is privately owned). Net metering credits from the town landfill project will also be purchased by Cape Cod Healthcare. The Scituate Landfill solar array in Scituate, Massachusetts, also provides additional community benefits. The town’s South Shore Vocational Technical High School (SSVT) receives a portion of excess power generated by the solar array and the town’s wind turbine (which is not on CL). The arrangement allows the school to take advantage of municipal net metering laws, which require electricity be supplied to public governmental facilities to qualify for net metering. National Grid will credit 25 percent of the energy produced by the solar panels to SSVT, and the school will pay the town for the credited energy at a reduced rate. According to town officials, the program is expected to reduce the school’s $110,000 annual electric bill by $31,000 per year. If you have a success story about community benefits from RE on CL in your city or town, email [email protected].

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

Growing Trend New RE-Powering Resources With the exception of one 100 MW wind installation on landfill buffer in Oregon (Columbia Ridge), only 12 projects with a total capacity of 16.8 MW were installed Liability Reference Guide for Siting Renewable Energy on contaminated sites through 2007. Of these, most were on-site or green on Contaminated Properties remediation projects, and only two were individually larger than 1 MW. Beginning This guide provides answers to common questions in 2008, RE-Powering has seen a marked upward trend in terms of the number of renewable energy developers have regarding liability new renewable energy projects developed on contaminated lands, the amount of and potentially contaminated property. It also installed capacity produced by these projects, and the number connected to the addresses possible liability issues, and summarizes wholesale electricity grid. These trends demonstrate that communities, developers, available resources and policy tools in order to facilitate and site owners are embracing this sustainable land development strategy. these types of projects. An appendix lists EPA programs The range in project sizes reflects market conditions and trends, available acreage, and reference documents that may be relevant to electricity demands, and other variables. While medium- to large-scale installations developers considering renewable energy projects (1-10 MW) make up 49% of the total number of installed RE-Powering projects, on contaminated properties. This guide reflects the larger systems (10+ MW) comprise nearly 75% of total installed capacity on policy changes made in 2012 regarding the treatment contaminated lands. of tenants of bona fide prospective purchasers. For questions about this guide, contact Hollis Luzecky The RE-Powering strategy creates new markets for potentially contaminated lands, ([email protected]; 202-564-4217) or Marc while supporting a sustainable land development strategy for renewable energy. Thomas ([email protected]; 202-566-0791). One growing trend is the reuse of former landfills as large solar PV developments. To date, EPA is aware of 64 former landfills16 that have been returned to productive use as solar projects. Of these, 44 were completed in 2012-2014 and many more are currently being planned, permitted, or are under construction. For more information regarding considerations specific to solar projects on landfills, see RE-Powering’s Best Practices for Siting Solar Photovoltaics on Municipal Solid Waste Landfills.

Screen Capture of Prospect Street Landfill Using RE-Power Mapper Completed Sites in Google Earth.

16 This includes landfills accepting MSW, construction waste, industrial waste, and others.

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: October 2014 Project Tracking Matrix

Annual Growth of Completed Installations and Installed Capacity

160 900 Cum Installed Projects 773.1 696.8 140 Cum Installed Capacity 800 600.6 635.6 120 538.3 700 510.7 600 100 500 80 328.1 400 60 300 144.0 40 107.5

# of #of Projects 109.7 200 107.5 Installed Capacity (MW) 20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 100 1 2 2 2 2 4 5 8 8 13 19 28 38 51 72 90 111 135 0 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Completion Date

Range of System Sizes of Completed Installations

60 57 800 773.1 # Projects Cum Installed Capacity 700 50 600 40 500

30 400 270.1 300 20 16 192.1 14 134.8 200 # Projectsof 8 8 8 9 10 9 6 13.2 100

0.0 0.0 0.5 3.9 (MW) Capacity Cumulative 0 -

System Size

Annual Growth in Solar Installations on Landfill/Landfill Buffer

Cum. # of Installations Cum. Capacity

125 119.6 105

85 64 65 69.6 44 45 47.0 32.0 29 25 22.2 22.5 23.6 19 7 9 12 1 14.3 5 3 0.0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solidaste W and Emergency Response October 2014 RE-PoweringRE-Powering America's Land Initiative America’s LandRenewable Initiative: Energy Projects on Potentially Contaminated Lands, Landfills, and Mine Sites 1 of 12 Project Tracking Matrix

Through the RE-Powering America's Land initiative, the EPA encourages renewable energy development on potentially contaminated land when aligned with the community's vision for the site. This list tracks completed projects where renewable energy systems have been installed on potentially contaminated lands, landfills, or mine sites. Project capacity data reflect total system capacity, which may be installed in whole or in part on potentially contaminated lands, landfills, or mine sites. For systems with an installed capacity less than 10 kW, the capacity is shown as 0.00. Where information was not found for a given site, it is noted as "Unknown" or with a "-" for numerical values. This information is sorted by "State" and then by "Project Capacity (MW)".

This resource is for informational purposes only. The information in this list was gathered from public announcements of renewable energy projects in the form of company press releases, news releases, and, in some cases, conversations with the parties involved. It may not be a comprehensive list of all projects completed on contaminated land. Projects on this list include ground-mounted utility-scale systems, rooftop systems, and systems used for onsite power, including to power cleanup activities. To provide information on additional projects, please email [email protected].

1. Site Description 2. Renewable Energy Info 3. Project Implementation Site Project EPA Ownership Property Capacity Project Primary RE Completion Site/Project Name Region State City Type of Site Site Owner Type Acreage Former Use Description RE Type (MW) Acreage Developer Name Date Project Type Onsite Use - Apache Powder Apache Nitrogen Dynamite Green 9 AZ Benson Superfund Products, Inc. Private 1,100 Manufacturing Facility Solar PV 0.00 - Unknown 1997 Remediation Freeport- Ajo Solar Project McMoRan Copper Wholesale 9 AZ Ajo Mine Lands & Gold Inc. Private 38 Adjacent to mining Solar PV 5.00 38.0 Recurrent Energy 2011 Electricity Onsite Use - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Ranchland, weapons Green 9 CA Livermore Superfund U.S. DOE Federal 7,000 testing range Solar PV 0.00 - Unknown 2009 Remediation Onsite Use - Pemaco Superfund Site Custom Chemical Green 9 CA Maywood Superfund City of Maywood Municipal 1 Blender Solar PV 0.01 1.4 Unknown 2007 Remediation

Frontier Fertilizer Fertilizer and pesticide Onsite Use - storage, sales and Green 9 CA Davis Superfund Frontier Fertilizer Private 18 application Solar PV 0.07 0.5 Unknown 2011 Remediation

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) 9 CA Pasadena Superfund NASA Federal - Solar PV 0.56 - Unknown 2011 Rooftop West County West County Wastewater District Wastewater Solar Power Onsite Use - 9 CA Richmond Brownfield District Municipal - Sludge-drying pond Solar PV 1.00 10.0 Partners, Inc. 2008 General MSW and Light Camp Pendleton Landfill Camp Industrial Waste Onsite Use - 9 CA Pendleton Superfund U.S. Marine Corps Federal 28 Landfill Solar PV 1.50 5.0 Kyocera Solar 2011 General

Cloverdale Solar Wholesale 9 CA Cloverdale Landfill Unknown Unknown - Wood Landfill Solar PV 1.80 - Greenleaf-TNX 2014 Electricity

Fischer Properties: Depot Park Former U.S. Army Onsite Use - 9 CA Sacramento Brownfield Fischer Properties Private - Depot Solar PV 3.00 15.0 SPG Solar 2010 General Rocket Propulsion Aerojet General Corporation Superfund Site development and Wholesale 9 CA Sacramento Superfund Aerojet Private 5,900 testing facility Solar PV 6.00 40.0 Solar Power, Inc. 2010 Electricity

Summitville Mine Onsite Use - Superfund Site U.S. Forest Heap leach gold and Green 8 CO Del Norte Superfund Service Federal 1,400 silver mining Hydro 0.03 - Unknown 2011 Remediation

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response April 2013 October 2014 RE-PoweringRE-Powering America's Land Initiative America’s LandRenewable Initiative: Energy Projects on Potentially Contaminated Lands, Landfills, and Mine Sites 2 of 12 Project Tracking Matrix

1. Site Description 2. Renewable Energy Info 3. Project Implementation Site Project EPA Ownership Property Capacity Project Primary RE Completion Site/Project Name Region State City Type of Site Site Owner Type Acreage Former Use Description RE Type (MW) Acreage Developer Name Date Project Type Community Aurora/Arapahoe Solar Adjacent to Buckley Clean Energy Owned / Array 8 CO Aurora Brownfield City of Aurora Public 5 AFB Solar PV 0.50 4.5 Collective 2013 Subscription Landfill buffer to Community Boulder Cowdery Meadows Solar Array Cowdery Marshall Landfill Clean Energy Owned / 8 CO Boulder Superfund Company Private 4 Superfund Site Solar PV 0.50 3.5 Collective 2013 Subscription

Belmar Mixed-Use Development Mixed SunPower 8 CO Lakewood Brownfield Private/Public Other 48 Shopping mall Solar PV 1.70 47.5 Corporation 2008 Rooftop

New Rifle Mill Former DOE Uranium Onsite Use - 8 CO Rifle Other City of Rifle Municipal 130 Processing Mill Solar PV 1.70 12.0 SunEdison 2009 General

Fort Carson Colorado Springs Wholesale 8 CO Fort Carson RCRA U.S. Army Federal 15 Construction Landfill Solar PV 2.00 12.0 Utilities 2008 Electricity

Hartford CT Landfill (solar) Wholesale 1 CT Hartford Landfill City of Hartford Municipal 96 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.00 6.0 Tecta Solar 2014 Electricity

Dupont Newport Greenwood Wholesale 3 DE Newport Superfund DuPont Private - Landfill Solar PV 0.50 5.0 Energy 2013 Electricity

Bee Ridge Landfill / Rothenbach Park Florida Power & Wholesale 4 FL Sarasota Landfill Sarasota County Other 450 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.25 0.6 Light 2008 Electricity

Hickory Ridge Landfill Republic Services, Wholesale 4 GA Atlanta Landfill Inc Private 48 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.00 10.0 Republic Services 2011 Electricity

Kapolei Sustainable Energy Park James Campbell Former Industrial Wholesale 9 HI Kapolei RCRA Company LLC Private 12 Waste Site Solar PV 1.20 4.0 Forest City Hawaii 2011 Electricity Rural Electric Gobnob Wind Turbine Convenience Project Freeman United Cooperative of Wholesale 5 IL Farmersville Brownfield Illinois DNR State 14 Crown 1 Mine Wind 0.90 - central IL 2009 Electricity

Foundry and casting Exelon City Solar operation/fastener, hydraulic system Exelon and components, and ball SunPower Wholesale 5 IL Chicago Brownfield City of Chicago Municipal 21 bearing manufacturer Solar PV 10.00 41.0 Corporation 2010 Electricity

Reilly Tar & Chemical (Indianapolis) Vertellus Chemical Wholesale 5 IN Indianapolis Superfund Specialities Inc. Private 120 manufacturing facility Solar PV 10.80 45.0 Hanhwa Q Cells 2014 Electricity

Aquinnah Landfill Vineyard Power Onsite Use - 1 MA Aquinnah Landfill Town of Aquinnah Municipal 6 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.05 1.3 Solar, LLC 2012 General

South Hadley Landfill Town of South Tensar/ARM Onsite Use - 1 MA South Hadley Landfill Hadley Municipal - MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.09 - Group 2012 General Onsite Use - Re-Solve Superfund Solar Waste Chemical Green 1 MA Dartmouth Superfund Unknown Unknown 6 Reclamation Solar PV 0.15 - Unknown 2012 Remediation Washington Gas Quaboag Landfill Solar Energy Systems, Wholesale 1 MA Brookfield Landfill Town of Brookfield Municipal 16 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.43 3.0 Inc. 2013 Electricity City of Brockton Brockton Brightfield and Bay State Former Gas Works Wholesale 1 MA Brockton Brownfield Gas Company Municipal 27 Site Solar PV 0.46 3.7 Global Solar 2006 Electricity

Lancaster Landfill Gravel Pit Adjacent to Wholesale 1 MA Lancaster Landfill Town of Lancaster Municipal 7 Landfill Solar PV 0.50 2.8 Unknown 2013 Electricity Solar Norfolk Landfill Phase I MSW Landfill and Massachusetts, Wholesale 1 MA Norfolk Landfill Town of Norfolk Municipal 51 Adjacent Land Solar PV 0.55 1.6 LLC 2012 Electricity Solar Norfolk Landfill Phase II MSW Landfill and Massachusetts, Wholesale 1 MA Norfolk Landfill Town of Norfolk Municipal 51 Adjacent Land Solar PV 1.05 3.5 LLC 2012 Electricity Dynamic Bridge Street Landfill Power/Blue Onsite Use - 1 MA Fairhaven Landfill Town of Fairhaven Municipal - MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.58 3.0 Sky/Heliosage 2013 General

American Capital Energy (as Duxbury Landfill Duxbury Solar LLC) and Renewable Energy Development Wholesale 1 MA Duxbury Landfill Town of Duxbury Municipal 19 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.59 3.0 Partners, LLC 2014 Electricity

Eastham Landfill American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Eastham Landfill Town of Eastham Municipal 38 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.59 10.4 Energy 2014 Electricity

Everett Solar Power Project Former Manufactured Wholesale 1 MA Everett Brownfield National Grid Private - Gas Plant Solar PV 0.61 2.5 Unknown 2010 Electricity

Revere Solar Power Project Former Manufactured Wholesale 1 MA Revere Brownfield National Grid Private - Gas Plant Solar PV 0.75 3.0 Unknown 2010 Electricity

Haverhill Solar Power Project Former Manufactured Wholesale 1 MA Haverhill Brownfield National Grid Private - Gas Plant Solar PV 1.00 5.0 Rivermoor Energy 2010 Electricity

Adams Landfill Apis Energy Wholesale 1 MA Adams Landfill Town of Adams Municipal 20 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.10 5.0 Group 2013 Electricity

Waltham Street Landfill Wholesale 1 MA Maynard Landfill Town of Maynard Municipal 14 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.20 5.0 EPG Solar 2013 Electricity

Tisbury Landfill American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Tisbury Landfill Town of Tisbury Municipal 22 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.20 4.0 Energy 2014 Electricity

Brewster Landfill MSW Landfill and American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Brewster Landfill Town of Brewster Municipal 16 Recycling Center Solar PV 1.23 16.0 Energy 2014 Electricity

Dorchester Solar Power Project Former Manufactured Wholesale 1 MA Dorchester Brownfield National Grid Private - Gas Plant Solar PV 1.30 6.0 Unknown 2012 Electricity

Huntington Avenue Landfill Wholesale 1 MA Metheun Landfill Town of Methuen Municipal 30 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.30 4.7 Borrego Solar 2013 Electricity

Russells Mills Road Landfill Town of Wholesale 1 MA Dartmouth Landfill Dartmouth Municipal 115 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.45 6.3 Borrego Solar 2013 Electricity

Sudbury Landfill Ameresco/Solar Wholesale 1 MA Sudbury Landfill Town of Sudbury Municipal 18 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.50 5.3 Sudbury One, LLC 2013 Electricity

Westford St. Landfill Landfill - MSW, ash, Wholesale 1 MA Lowell Landfill City of Lowell Municipal 42 oxide box waste Solar PV 1.50 6.0 Ameresco 2014 Electricity

Concord Landfill Phase I Wholesale 1 MA Concord Landfill Town of Concord Municipal - MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.70 - Kearsarge Energy 2014 Electricity

Hull Wind II Hull Municipal Wholesale 1 MA Hull Landfill Town of Hull Municipal 13 MSW Landfill Wind 1.80 10.0 Power and Light 2006 Electricity Western Former GE site and Massachusetts Silver Lake Solar Photovoltaic Facility Massachusetts former steam Electric Company Wholesale 1 MA Pittsfield Brownfield Electric Company Other 8 generating site Solar PV 1.80 8.0 (WMECO) 2010 Electricity

Sullivan's Ledge City of New Quarry / hazardous Wholesale 1 MA New Bedford Superfund Bedford Municipal 12 waste disposal Solar PV 1.80 10.0 SunEdison 2014 Electricity

Chatham Landfill American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Chatham Landfill Town of Chatham Municipal 30 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.80 16.5 Energy 2014 Electricity

Prospect Street Landfill Wholesale 1 MA Easton Landfill Town of Easton Municipal 8 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.90 8.0 Borrego Solar 2014 Electricity Rivermoor- Former Grasso Landfill Citizens Agawam, Wholesale 1 MA Agawam Landfill Town of Agawam Municipal 10 MSW Landfill Solar PV 1.98 9.5 LLC 2013 Electricity

Greenfield Solar Farm Town of Wholesale 1 MA Greenfield Landfill Greenfield Municipal 23 MSW Landfill Solar PV 2.00 23.0 Axio Power 2012 Electricity

Oliver Street Landfill City of Wholesale 1 MA Easthampton Landfill Easthampton Municipal 40 MSW Landfill Solar PV 2.30 12.0 Borrego Solar 2012 Electricity Springfield Western Indian Orchard Solar Facility Redevelopment Massachusetts Wholesale 1 MA Springfield Brownfield Authority Other - Former foundry Solar PV 2.30 12.0 Electric Company 2011 Electricity Syncarpha Solar Stow Brownfield Solar and Renewable Energy Wholesale 1 MA Stow Brownfield Unknown Private 12 Unknown Solar PV 2.50 12.0 Massachusetts 2013 Electricity

Ludlow Landfill Wholesale 1 MA Ludlow Landfill Town of Ludlow Municipal 22 MSW Landfill Solar PV 2.70 17.0 Borrego Solar 2013 Electricity

Scituate Solar - JV between Scituate Landfill Landfill: MSW, Brightfields construction debris, Development LLC and wastewater and Syncarpha Wholesale 1 MA Scituate Landfill Town of Scituate Municipal 29 treatment residuals Solar PV 3.00 12.5 Capital 2013 Electricity

Beech St. Landfill Wholesale 1 MA Rockland Landfill Town of Rockland Municipal 98 MSW Landfill Solar PV 3.20 7.5 NextSun Energy 2014 Electricity

Sylvester Ray Construction & Demolition Debris No Fossil Fuel, Wholesale Landfill 1 MA Marshfield Landfill Sylvester Ray, Inc. Private 27 Demolition Landfill Solar PV 3.87 13.0 LLC 2013 Electricity Western MA Cottage Street Landfill Cottage Electric Co. Wholesale 1 MA Springfield Landfill Developers, LLP. Municipal 62 MSW Landfill Solar PV 3.90 40.0 (WMECO) 2014 Electricity

Barnstable Landfill Town of American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Barnstable Landfill Barnstable Municipal 86 Landfill Solar PV 4.20 17.0 Energy 2014 Electricity Military training and Onsite Use - Massachusetts Military Reservation (Otis) aircraft operation and Green 1 MA Sagamore Superfund U.S. Air Force Federal 22,000 maintenance Wind 4.50 175.0 Unknown 2011 Remediation

Harwich Municipal Landfill American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Harwich Landfill Town of Harwich Municipal 120 MSW Landfill Solar PV 4.50 28.0 Energy 2014 Electricity Southern Sky Fairhaven Sanitary Landfill (Canton) Renewable Energy Wholesale 1 MA Canton Landfill Town of Canton Municipal 15 MSW Landfill Solar PV 5.60 12.5 / GZA 2012 Electricity

Bolton Orchards Wholesale 1 MA Bolton Brownfield Davis Farms Trust Private 105 Gravel pit Solar PV 6.00 50.0 Syncarpha Solar 2013 Electricity Ravenbrook Ravenbrook Farms Landfill Farms, Inc. Southern Sky Wholesale 1 MA North Carver Landfill (Willard Rhodes) Private 31 MSW, CD&D Landfill Solar PV 6.00 14.0 Renewable Energy 2014 Electricity

Shaffer Landfill (Iron Horse Park) Urban Green Wholesale 1 MA Billerica Superfund Town of Billerica Municipal 40 MSW Landfill Solar PV 6.00 40.0 Technologies 2014 Electricity

Theophilus Smith Road Landfill American Capital Wholesale 1 MA Dennis Landfill Town of Dennis Municipal 148 MSW Landfill Solar PV 6.00 34.0 Energy 2014 Electricity

Former Ellicott City Landfill Onsite Use - 3 MD Ellicott City Landfill Howard County Municipal 83 MSW Landfill Solar PV - 2.0 Unknown 2011 General

Eaton Rapids Landfill Hamlin Town of Eaton Wholesale 5 MI Township Landfill Rapids Municipal 30 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.54 - Helios Solar LLC 2014 Electricity Onsite Use - Fridley Plant Solar Green 5 MN 0 Superfund FMC Corp. (PRP) Private 18 Industrial Landfill Solar PV 0.15 - Unknown 2009 Remediation Onsite Use - Busy Bee's Laundry Green 7 MO Rolla Brownfield Unknown Private - Dry Cleaner Solar PV 0.56 - Unknown 2011 Remediation

Evergreen Packaging Landfill Haywood Evergreen Wholesale 4 NC County Landfill Packaging Private - Industrial Landfill Solar PV 0.55 3.0 FLS Energy 2010 Electricity Onsite Use - Former Nebraska Ordnance Plant University of Former Army Green 7 NE Mead Superfund Nebraska, et al Other - Ordnance Plant Wind 0.01 - Unknown 2004 Remediation Former refined petroleum and Paulsboro Terminal Landfill specialty chemical Onsite Use - bulk storage and Green 2 NJ Paulsboro Brownfield BP Private 17 distribution facility Solar PV 0.28 5.0 BP 2002 Remediation

Hackensack Solar Farm Former manufactured Wholesale 2 NJ Hackensack Brownfield PSE&G Other 40 gas plant/storage Solar PV 1.06 6.0 PSE&G 2012 Electricity

Trenton Solar Farm Wholesale 2 NJ Trenton Brownfield PSE&G Other - Gas manufacturing Solar PV 1.30 5.5 PSE&G 2010 Electricity Hazardous waste Onsite Use - Clean Harbors Clean Harbors treatment, storage, Green 2 NJ Bridgeport Landfill Development Private 200 and disposal facility Solar PV 1.50 82.0 Clean Harbors 2011 Remediation Public Service Silver Lake Solar Farm Electric and Gas J. Fletcher Wholesale 2 NJ Edison Brownfield Company Private 6 Gas manufacturing Solar PV 2.02 5.7 Creamer & Sons 2010 Electricity

FedEx Ground Distribution Hub Former chemical 2 NJ Woodbridge Brownfield FedEx Private 200 facility Solar PV 2.42 3.3 BP Solar 2009 Rooftop Pennsauken Landfill Financing MSW, commercial, Renewable Energy Park- Authority of and non-hazardous PPL Renewable Onsite Use - Solar 2 NJ Pennsauken Landfill Camden County Other 39 industrial landfill Solar PV 2.60 10.0 Energy 2008 General

Edgeboro Landfill Wholesale 2 NJ East Brunswick Landfill Middlesex County Municipal - MSW Landfill Solar PV 4.30 27.0 NREC Solar 2011 Electricity Farm, LLC / Tinton Falls Solar Zongyi Solar Sand and gravel Zyongi Solar Wholesale 2 NJ Tinton Falls Mine Lands America Co. Private 97 mining Solar PV 20.00 97.0 America 2013 Electricity Chevron Chevron Questa Project Technology Wholesale 6 NM Questa Superfund Chevron Mining Private - Mining Site Solar PV 1.00 20.0 Venture 2011 Electricity

Emcore Eubank Landfill New Mexico State Onsite Use - 6 NM Albuquerque Brownfield Land Office Municipal 40 MSW Landfill Solar PV 2.00 17.0 Emcore/Suncore 2013 General

Nellis AFB Solar Facility Site MMA Renewable Onsite Use - 9 NV Las Vegas RCRA U.S. Air Force Federal 14,000 Landfill/landfill buffer Solar PV 14.20 140.0 Ventures LLC, 2007 General Onsite Use - Former Ferdula Landfill Green 2 NY Frankfurt Landfill Unknown Unknown 2 MSW Landfill Wind -- Unknown 1998 Remediation

Islip Municipal Town Landfill Wholesale 2 NY Hauppauge Landfill Town of Islip Municipal 55 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.05 - Town of Islip 2011 Electricity Madison County Agriculture and Renewable Carlisle Energy Onsite Use - Energy Park 2 NY Lincoln Landfill Madison County Municipal 600 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.05 1.0 Services, Inc. 2011 General Computer mainframe Tech City development and Solartech 2 NY Ulster RCRA Tech City Private 256 testing facility Solar PV 0.05 - Renewables Inc. 2011 Rooftop

1. Site Description 2. Renewable Energy Info 3. Project Implementation Site Project EPA Ownership Property Capacity Project Primary RE Completion Site/Project Name Region State City Type of Site Site Owner Type Acreage Former Use Description RE Type (MW) Acreage Developer Name Date Project Type Tecumseh Bethlehem Steel Winds II Hamburg/Lacka Redevelopment BQ Energy and Wholesale 2 NY wanna RCRA Inc Private 1,600 Steel Mill Wind 15.00 30.0 First Wind 2012 Electricity Tecumseh Bethlehem Steel Winds I Hamburg/Lacka Redevelopment BQ Energy and Wholesale 2 NY wanna RCRA Inc Private 1,600 Steel Mill Wind 20.00 30.0 First Wind 2007 Electricity Long Island Solar Farm at Previously disturbed Long Island Solar Brookhaven National land at DOE Nat'l Lab Farm, LLC (BP Wholesale Laboratory 2 NY Upton Superfund U.S. DOE Federal - Facility Solar PV 32.00 200.0 Solar and MetLife) 2011 Electricity

Dayton Tech Town Former Automotive Geother Heapy Onsite Use - 5 OH Dayton Brownfield Unknown Unknown - Site mal -- Engineering 2010 General

Pilkington North America Pilkington North Glass Manufacturing Onsite Use - 5 OH Northwood Brownfield America, Inc. Private 11 Facility Solar PV 0.25 1.0 Hull & Associates 2011 General

Toledo Zoo Solar Anthony Wayne Rudolph/Libbe and Onsite Use - 5 OH Toledo Brownfield Solar Number 1 Private 22 Elevator factory Solar PV 2.10 - GEM Energy 2014 General

Wood County Landfill American Wholesale 5 OH Bowling Green Landfill Wood County Municipal - MSW Landfill Wind 7.20 4.0 Municipal Power 2004 Electricity Geother Guthrie Green George Kaiser mal w/ Onsite Use - 6 OK Tulsa Brownfield Family Foundation Foundation - Industrial solar PV -- Unknown 2012 General Onsite Use - Altus Air Force Base Federal Facility, Flight Green 6 OK Altus RCRA U.S. Air Force Federal - Training Center Solar PV 0.00 - Unknown 2007 Remediation

Columbia Ridge Landfill Waste MSW and Industrial Wholesale 10 OR Arlington Landfill Buffer Management Private 12,000 Landfill - active Wind 100.00 - PacifiCorp 2004 Electricity Onsite Use - York County Landfill Solar Hopewell York County Solid Solar Renewable Green 3 PA Township Landfill Waste Authority Municipal - MSW Landfill g Solar PV 0.30 2.0 Energy, LLC 2014 Remediation Waste Reclamation Exelon-Conergy Solar Energy Center Management of Operations and Waste Wholesale 3 PA Falls Township Landfill Buffer Pennsylvania Private 17 Systems landfill Solar PV 3.00 16.5 Conergy Company 2008 Electricity

1. Site Description 2. Renewable Energy Info 3. Project Implementation Site Project EPA Ownership Property Capacity Project Primary RE Completion Site/Project Name Region State City Type of Site Site Owner Type Acreage Former Use Description RE Type (MW) Acreage Developer Name Date Project Type Lancaster Cnty Frey Farm Landfill Solid Waste Mgmt PPL Renewable 3 PA Conestoga Landfill Authority Municipal - MSW Landfill - active Wind 3.20 10.3 Energy 2011 Local Use Traverses Casselman Wind Power Project Summit, Black, Iberdrola Surface Coal Mine Iberdrola Wholesale 3 PA and Addison Mine Lands Renewables, LLC Private 2,000 and adjacent land Wind 35.00 165.0 Renewables LLC 2008 Electricity

Savannah River's Biomass Steam Plant 1950s vintage coal- Onsite Use - 4 SC Aiken Superfund U.S. DOE Federal 34 fired steam plant Biomass 20.00 34.0 Ameresco Inc 2008 General

Binkley Solar Farm Construction and Wholesale 4 TN Hermitage Landfill Binkley family Private - Demolition Landfill Solar PV 0.20 - Stansell Electric 2012 Electricity

Bristol Demolition Landfill EcoLogical Energy Wholesale 4 TN Bristol Landfill City of Bristol Municipal - Demolition landfill Solar PV 0.20 - Systems 2012 Electricity Restoration RSI Brightfields One Services, Inc. Former DOE Gaseous Wholesale 4 TN Oak Ridge Brownfield (RSI) Private 1 Diffusion Plant Solar PV 0.20 1.0 RSI 2012 Electricity

Volkswagen Chattanooga Former Army Wholesale 4 TN Chattanooga RCRA Volkswagon Private 33 Ammunition Plant Solar PV 9.50 33.0 Silicon Ranch 2013 Electricity Onsite Use - Grove Landfill Rhizome Landfill (Illegal Green 6 TX Austin Landfill Collective, Inc Other 10 dumping) Solar PV -- Unknown 2006 Remediation

Tessman Road Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Republic Services, Wholesale 6 TX San Antonio Landfill Inc Private 680 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.13 5.6 CSP Energy 2009 Electricity

U.S. Department Pantex Renewable Energy of Energy NNSA Nuclear weapon Project (PREP) and Texas Tech assembly and Onsite Use - 6 TX Amarillo Superfund University Federal 16,000 disassembly Wind 11.50 1,500.0 Siemens USA 2014 General Onsite Use - Crozet Orchard Superfund Green 3 VA Crozet Removal Unknown Private - Apple Orchard Solar PV -- Unknown 2007 Remediation

1. Site Description 2. Renewable Energy Info 3. Project Implementation Site Project EPA Ownership Property Capacity Project Primary RE Completion Site/Project Name Region State City Type of Site Site Owner Type Acreage Former Use Description RE Type (MW) Acreage Developer Name Date Project Type Onsite Use - Former St. Croix Alumina Plant - Wind I Green 2 VI St Croix RCRA Unknown Unknown - Alumina Plant Wind -- Unknown 2002 Remediation Onsite Use - Former St. Croix Alumina Plant Wind II Green 2 VI St Croix RCRA Unknown Unknown - Alumina Plant Wind -- Unknown 2006 Remediation Onsite Use - Former St. Croix Alumina Plant Solar I Green 2 VI St Croix RCRA Unknown Unknown - Alumina Plant Solar PV 0.00 - Unknown 2003 Remediation Onsite Use - Former St. Croix Alumina Plant Solar II Green 2 VI St Croix RCRA Unknown Unknown - Alumina Plant Solar PV 0.00 - Unknown 2006 Remediation

Basketville Site 1 VT Putney Brownfield Unknown Unknown 6 Manufacturing Solar PV 0.16 - Integrated Solar 2013 Unknown Municipal, Onsite Use - Refuse Hideaway Landfill State of commercial, and Full Spectrum Green 5 WI Middleton Superfund Wisconsin State 23 industrial landfill Solar PV 0.01 0.1 Solar Company 2010 Remediation Milwaukee Area MATC PV Evaluation Lab Technical College MATC and Onsite Use - 5 WI Milwaukee Landfill (MATC) Private 32 MSW Landfill Solar PV 0.54 32.0 Johnson Controls 2010 Training

Warren AFB Wind Superfund Wholesale 8 WY Cheyenne Non-NPL U.S. Air Force Federal - Former gunnery range Wind 3.32 - Unknown 2009 Electricity

Chevron Casper Wind Farm Chevron Global Wholesale 8 WY Casper RCRA Chevron Private 880 Refinery Wind 16.50 880.0 Power Company 2009 Electricity

Dave Johnston Mine / Glenrock Wind III Wholesale 8 WY Glenrock Mine Lands PacificCorp Private 14,000 Surface Coal Mine Wind 39.00 300.0 PacificCorp 2009 Electricity

Dave Johnston Mine / Glenrock Wind I Wholesale 8 WY Glenrock Mine Lands PacificCorp Private 14,000 Surface Coal Mine Wind 118.50 300.0 PacificCorp 2008 Electricity

Dave Johnston Mine / Rolling Hills Wholesale 8 WY Glenrock Mine Lands PacificCorp Private 14,000 Surface Coal Mine Wind 118.50 300.0 PacificCorp 2009 Electricity

Center for Program Analysis Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response April 2013