Annual Report 2016 COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 1

Dear CPJ supporter, As you flip through these pages, you have been forced into exile. In March, countries reminds us that journalists will read stories about journalists we began publishing a “Turkey today are not only in peril when from all over the world who have Crackdown Chronicle” to document they are reporting from a war zone, faced reprisal for their reporting. the attacks against and detentions but also when people forget that One of those stories is that of Can of journalists, as well as other press journalists are observers and instead Dündar, a Turkish editor and CPJ’s freedom violations, in the country. treat them like targets. 2016 International Press Freedom We continue to call on the Turkish It is for these reasons that we at Awardee who was imprisoned and government to halt its crackdown on CPJ do what we do. By defending has since faced legal action, official the press and seek meetings with journalists, we defend freedom harassment, and even violence government officials so we can tell of expression, human rights, and simply for reporting news about them, face to face, that democracy democracy. We believe that people his own country. does not exist without a free press. everywhere, all over the world, In mid-2015, Dündar, chief editor It’s not just governments that pose should have access to the of the Turkish daily Cumhuriyet, a threat to journalists. In Bangladesh, information they need so they can published a story that alleged for instance, bloggers are killed make informed decisions and hold Turkey’s intelligence service had sent simply for criticizing religion. They their governments accountable. The Committee to Protect Journalists promotes press freedom worldwide and weapons to Syrian rebel groups. The are hacked to death during the day, defends the right of journalists to report the news without fear of reprisal. CPJ takes But we must be stronger, louder, next month, Turkish President Recep with machetes and knives. They are action wherever journalists are censored, attacked, imprisoned, or killed for their and better at what we do. So we Tayyip Erdogan said, “The individual fearing for their lives and are fleeing work. Our advocacy helps to ensure the free flow of news and commentary. are forming a new Emergencies who has reported this as an exclusive as fast as they can. We know that Response Team, which will help story will pay a high price.” because we have helped them run. us ensure that journalists stay That November, Dündar was arrested Our Journalist Assistance team has safe, whether broadcasting from a with his colleague and accused of provided support to several secular war zone like Syria or uploading a disclosing state secrets, espionage, bloggers who have gone into exile sensitive story in . You can and aiding a terrorist group. They after receiving threats in reprisal for read more about our new initiative were held for three months−until their work. inside this report. Turkey’s Constitutional Court ruled And in Ukraine, journalists and news CPJ has worked to uphold press that their detention violated their outlets have been under threat since freedom for 35 years. We have rights. When their trial began, CPJ the Russian annexation of Crimea relied on the generous support of was there. In May, Dündar was that tore the region apart in 2014. our friends every step of the way. sentenced to prison, but was freed We have conducted two missions to Thank you for standing up for press pending appeal. Kiev and spoken to and supported freedom and the right of journalists Dündar happened to be outside journalists there. But we are not everywhere to report the news. of Turkey during the July 15 coup always successful at protecting our attempt. In August, the journalist said colleagues. On July 20, we learned he would not return to Turkey until that Pavel Sheremet, CPJ’s 1998 the government had lifted the state International Press Freedom Award of emergency. He also resigned from winner, died when a bomb blew Cumhuriyet because, he said, Turkey up the car he was driving in Kiev. was exploiting the failed coup so as Investigators say they are seeking to Joel Simon to eliminate its opponents. determine if journalism is the primary Executive Director motive in his murder. The crackdown on the Turkish media is sweeping. Dozens have been Turkey, Bangladesh, Ukraine—the jailed, and even more, like Dündar, climate for press freedom in these 2016: Confronting threats COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 3

SYRIA FIVE YEARS AFTER THE FIRST JOURNALIST WAS KILLED COVERING THE SYRIAN CONFLICT, CPJ CONTINUES TO DOCUMENT THE DEVASTATING SWITZERLAND TOLL THE WAR HAS TAKEN ON THE PRESS. (P. 15) AFTER YEARS OF ADVOCACY BY CPJ AND OTHER GROUPS, THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE IN AUGUST CREATED A PRESS FREEDOM COMPLAINT MECHANISM. AZERBAIJAN CPJ WELCOMED THE RELEASE OF UNITED STATES AZERBAIJANI INVESTIGATIVE ADVOCACY BY CPJ AND OTHER GROUPS REPORTER KHADIJA ISMAYILOVA, LED THE PENTAGON TO UPDATE ITS LAW WHO WAS JAILED IN DECEMBER 2014. OF WAR MANUAL. CHINA CPJ PUBLISHED BLOGS TURKEY IRAN ON CENSORSHIP AT WEIBO AFTER A SINCE MARCH, CPJ HAS PUBLISHED A WASHINGTON POST FORMER WEIBO “CRACKDOWN CHRONICLE” DETAILING REPORTER JASON EMPLOYEE GAVE CPJ PRESS FREEDOM VIOLATIONS. THE REZAIAN WAS FREED DOCUMENTS THAT ABUSES CONTINUE. (P. 13) FROM PRISON IN IRAN. SHED LIGHT ON HOW HE WAS THE LONGEST HELD U.S. JOURNALIST THE SITE FILTERS NEWS. CUBA IMPRISONED IN THE CPJ RELEASED A SPECIAL COUNTRY. REPORT ON CUBA, WHERE A NEW BREED OF INDEPENDENT JOURNALISM HAS TRANSFORMED THE MEDIA GAMBIA LANDSCAPE. (P. 9) IN THIS TINY WEST AFRICAN COUNTRY, JOURNALISTS ARE SILENCED AND HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES ABOUND. (P. 7) IRAQ CPJ PUBLISHED AN INTERACTIVE MAP PROFILING THE INDIA JOURNALISTS AND COLOMBIA MEDIA WORKERS KILLED CPJ PUBLISHED A REPORT BY ISLAMIC STATE. URGING INDIA TO FOR MORE THAN 15 YEARS, A PROSECUTE KILLERS OF COLOMBIAN JOURNALIST WAITED UGANDA JOURNALISTS AND FOR JUSTICE. THIS YEAR, TWO INVESTIGATE ANTI-PRESS SUSPECTS WERE CONVICTED IN CPJ TRAVELED TO KAMPALA IN ATTACKS. (P. 11) THE ATTACK ON HER. (P. 19) FEBRUARY, WHERE WE SPOKE TO JOURNALISTS ABOUT THE CLIMATE FOR PRESS FREEDOM.

Annual Report 2016 Table of Contents

Emergencies 5 Africa: Gambia 7 Americas: Cuba 9 Asia: India 11 Europe & Central Asia: Turkey 13 Middle East & North Africa: Syria 15 Technology: SecureDrop 17 Campaign Against Impunity: Colombia 19 CPJ HAS ITS HEADQUARTERS IN WITH STAFF IN WASHINGTON THE PRICE OF JOURNALISM 21 AND SAN FRANCISCO. WE ALSO HAVE CONTRIBUTORS IN ABUJA, BANGKOK, BEIRUT, INTERNATIONAL PRESS FREEDOM AWARDS 23 BOGOTÁ, ISTANBUL, LIVERPOOL, MEXICO CITY, NAIROBI, NEW DELHI, AND SÃO PAULO. SUPPORTERS 25 FINANCIAL REPORT 27 CPJ BOARD AND STAFF 28 EMERGENCIES COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 5

CONFRONTING Emergencies

Ahmed Abd al-Qader is the co-founder and “Ahmed is an inspiring person and a dedicated director of the Syrian journalist collective Eye on journalist,” Schilit said. “It is for journalists like the Homeland, in the Turkish city of Urfa. Eye on him that CPJ’s Journalist Assistance program the Homeland is one of several independent media was created, and it is because of journalists like outlets that established operations in Turkey him that we are so proud to do this work.” once the conflict began in Syria. For 15 years, CPJ has provided financial and In November 2015, CPJ provided Abd al-Qader other support to journalists like Abd al-Qader. with a relocation grant after his brother, Ibrahim, But as the media landscape—and, with it, was killed by members of the extremist group the dangers and risks to journalists—has Islamic State. The following March, we supported changed so dramatically in recent years, we Abd al-Qader again after he was attacked by two have decided we will do more to meet this men outside his home. The journalist escaped challenge. We plan to merge our work in but said he believed the assailants were part of journalist assistance and safety to form an Islamic State and feared they were trying to stab Emergencies Response Team, whose members him to death, just as they had killed his brother. will provide comprehensive, life-saving support to journalists working in hostile Then, in June, Abd al-Qader was shot several environments. We have also hired a Journalist times by gunmen believed to be affiliated with the Safety Specialist, who will expand our ability to Islamic State. The journalist’s jaw was shattered, respond in emergency situations. but he survived. CPJ’s Journalist Assistance program provided part of the costs of his surgery, We know our support matters. In September and JA Coordinator Nicole Schilit worked with 2016, Abd al-Qader sent us a note. “Let me send partner organizations to coordinate payment for this message to all employees in CPJ for all the his medical care and relocation with his family. help [they] have been providing to us. What you are doing is a great work. It makes us feel In July, Abd al-Qader had an interview with that there are good people who feel what we the French embassy in Ankara. They received feel and feel the size of danger that surrounds visas and Schilit helped coordinate support to us. ... We at Eye on the Homeland thank you for A Pakistani cameraman shoots video in front of a pay for their move. The family is now in France. standing with us.” bullet-riddled wall at a Peshawar school attacked by the Taliban. CPJ has created an Emergencies Response Team to aid journalists on the front lines of unrest.

PHOTOGRAPH BY AFP/Farooq Naeem africa COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 7

In Gambia, few promises OF press freedom VIOLENCE AND IMPRISONMENT ARE COMMON A man rides a bicycle through a border town in Gambia. CPJ helped set up a working group to ensure the country’s journalists get the help they need. UNDER PRESIDENT JAMMEH’S ADMINISTRATION. PHOTOGRAPH BY AFP/Seyllou

In the small West African country of provide. We have developed a robust Gambia, you criticize the president at network of contacts in the country, your peril. who apprise us quickly of press freedom violations. For independent journalists and human rights defenders, violence CPJ also coordinated an amicus brief and imprisonment have become filed to the Economic Community common under the administration of of West African States (ECOWAS) President Yahya Jammeh. One radio court this year on behalf of three station, Taranga FM, was shut down Gambian journalists charged with arbitrarily three times in the past sedition and publishing false news. five years, and its manager, Alagie The journalists, who are now in Abdoulie Ceesay, detained twice in exile, said they were tortured while 2015. in custody. CPJ worked with lawyers and enlisted the support of other Information on these and other press organizations, including Amnesty freedom and human rights violations International, Freedom House, is hard to come by in a country where Reporters Without Borders, and authorities are known for silencing PEN International, for the amicus journalists. In an effort to overcome brief, which argued that sedition laws this challenge, CPJ this year silence critical journalists. In May, partnered with Human Rights Watch CPJ was told that the oral argument and the Robert F. Kennedy Center would be heard by the court in late for Justice and Human Rights, as well fall. as exiled Gambian journalists, to set up a Gambia Working Group. The CPJ knows that our advocacy works. group shares contacts, coordinates Just a few months ago, we received a information, and develops joint note from a journalist thanking CPJ advocacy strategies, as well as co- for our assistance in helping him flee signs letters and issues joint press Gambia a few years ago. In a video releases. that the journalist recently helped to produce, he discussed his own case Through this working group, CPJ has as well as the risks that others face in helped ensure that a greater number the country. of Gambian journalists within the country and in exile are aware of “As long as there is life,” he said, the support our organization can “there is hope.” AMERICAS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 9

Hope and optimism for Cuban journalists WHILE CUBA STILL HAS RESTRICTIVE LAWS, THE GOVERNMENT HAs MADE SMALL OPENINGS.

In the spring of 2003, when the To further explore the state of world was focused on the , journalism and free expression the Cuban government ordered the in Cuba, CPJ’s Americas program arrest of nearly 30 journalists over a interviewed bloggers, reporters, three-day span. The journalists were and editors for a special report, convicted and sentenced to prison “Connecting Cuba: More space terms ranging from 14 to 27 years in for criticism but restrictions slow a crackdown known as the “Black press freedom progress,” that Spring.” was published in September. The report is accompanied by a graphic In the years that followed, the that illustrates how Cubans stay Cuban government continued connected in an offline world. its persecution of independent journalists and the media. In 2015, In the past five years, Cuban Cuba was ranked among the world’s journalists told CPJ, the media most censored countries, according landscape has changed dramatically to CPJ research. and press restrictions have loosened. Now, critical reporters, journalism While Cuba still has restrictive graduates, documentary filmmakers, laws on press freedom in the and pro-revolutionary bloggers Americas, the government has are opening new spaces for free made small openings. In 2011, expression and entrepreneurial authorities released the last of the journalism. Today, nearly 3,000 blogs, journalists arrested during the 2003 on topics ranging from politics to crackdown. In 2013, the government gardening, are estimated to be based implemented a law that allowed in Cuba and in Cuban communities critical bloggers and political globally. News websites have sprung dissidents to travel abroad for the up, providing alternatives to state- first time in decades. The country’s run media. Online ventures range telecommunications sector began from independent news websites, to open following a series of reforms blogs, and webzines featuring sports, and the installation of a high-speed fashion, and entertainment. fiber optic internet connection and publicly accessible Wi-Fi points. And, “We are exhausted, but we are on March 20, 2016, U.S. President enjoying this,” the founder of Barack Obama became the first one news website told CPJ. “I am Cubans use a Wi-Fi hotspot in Havana. Government reforms are starting to open up sitting American president to visit optimistic. The reason we exist is due the country’s media landscape. the island nation since 1928. to all the changes in Cuba.” PHOTOGRAPH BY Reuters/Ueslei Marcelino

ASIA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 11

India’s journalists facE harassment, attacks

INDIA’S LEADERS HAVE SHOWN LITTLE POLITICAL WILL TO ADDRESS IMPUNITY IN ATTACKS ON JOURNALISTS.

Despite being the world’s largest The climate for press freedom in democracy and having a vibrant press, India is deteriorating, with journalists India’s leaders have shown little political increasingly facing harassment and will to address impunity in attacks on threats from right-wing elements. In journalists. the central state of Chhattisgarh, the scene of a decades-long conflict between At least 27 journalists have been security forces and Maoist rebels, police murdered in India in relation to their harassment and abuse from both sides work since 1992, when CPJ began keeping have caused journalists to stop working records. More than half of them reported on critical stories or even leave the area. on corruption or politics. Yet no one Earlier this year, Malini Subramaniam, has been convicted, leading India to be a contributor to the news website Scroll included on CPJ’s Impunity Index— and a 2016 International Press Freedom which spotlights places where journalists Awardee, was forced to flee the state after are slain and their killers go free—for being harassed by police and a vigilante nine consecutive years. group (p. 23).

In March, CPJ traveled to India to Journalists are also jailed in retaliation for investigate the cases of three journalists their critical reporting. In late 2015, when believed to have been murdered in CPJ conducted its annual prison census, reprisal for their work, and to speak to at least four journalists were behind bars, their families, colleagues, and lawyers, two of them in Chhattisgarh. In January, as well as other journalists and press we spearheaded a letter by a coalition of freedom advocates. In a special report, press freedom and human rights groups “Dangerous pursuit: In India, journalists to the state’s chief minister, asking him who cover corruption may pay with to ensure a safer working environment their lives,” published in August, we for journalists. Then, in March, two other highlighted the lack of progress in the journalists were arrested in Chhattisgarh. investigations into the journalists’ deaths CPJ published news alerts calling for and issued recommendations to Indian them to be freed. In mid-year, authorities authorities, calling on them to condemn released them, as well as one of the journalist murders and to successfully journalists listed in the December investigate and prosecute the cases. prison census.

A policeman raises his baton as he approaches a cameraman and protesters in Delhi. The photographer who took this photo was also beaten by police, who destroyed his camera.

PHOTOGRAPH BY Rahul M. EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 13

In Turkey, crackdown on Protesters rally in support of the government in Istanbul. Authorities have increasingly targeted press goes into overdrive the press since the failed attempted coup in July.

PHOTOGRAPH BY AFP/Ozan Kose

Since a failed attempted coup by honored with its 2016 International rogue military officers in July, Press Freedom Award (p. 23). The Turkey’s clampdown on the press has journalist tweeted, “Being at the top intensified. Although authorities had of the list of journos to be arrested in been pressuring the media for months, Turkey and awarded by CPJ on the the attempted coup created a pretext same day? Wow! Thanks CPJ.” for President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his Justice and Development Party, In May, Dündar was convicted on or AKP, to crack down not only on the charges related to a report alleging the press they perceived as supporting government was sending arms to rebel Fethullah Gülen, an exiled preacher groups in Syria. In August, he resigned they accuse of leading a terrorist from his position at Cumhuriyet organization, but also their opponents because of government pressure. The at large. next month, Istanbul airport officers prevented his wife from traveling to Within days, the AKP announced a Europe and confiscated her passport state of emergency. The government without giving a reason. shut down more than 100 broadcasters, newspapers, magazines, CPJ is working hard to address the and publishers, and detained more problems for the Turkish press. In than 100 journalists, accusing them December 2015, CPJ and Reporters of having ties with the coup plotters. Without Borders held a press State regulators censored dozens of conference in Brussels, in which we websites, and the press credentials urged the EU to ensure that protecting of more than 600 journalists were journalists’ rights remains a key part revoked. The purge also extended to to Turkey’s accession negotiations. critical journalists and to pro-Kurdish In March, we traveled to Turkey media. and met with journalists who have been dismissed from their jobs or In the aftermath, opposition and prosecuted over their reporting. The independent Turkish news sources same month, we began documenting began reporting a rumored “black daily the numerous cases of journalists list” of journalists they feared would who face detention, prosecution, be arrested by police. Can Dündar, or exile in a “Turkey Crackdown chief editor of the opposition daily Chronicle.” Our Journalist Assistance Cumhuriyet, was one of them. The program is providing support to day the list began circulating on journalists under threat in the country, social media was the same day CPJ and our Journalist Security Guide has announced that Dündar was being been translated into Turkish. MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 15

Five years on, Syrian IN THE FIVE YEARS THAT HAVE PASSED SINCE THE journalists still in peril DEATH OF THE FIRST JOURNALIST KILLED IN SYRIA, CPJ HAS DOCUMENTED AT LEAST 100 MORE.

Syrian freelance cameraman Ferzat In the past five years, CPJ’s Journalist Jarban was last seen on November Assistance program has supported 19, 2011, being arrested while filming more than 100 Syrian journalists. We an anti-government protest in the have provided financial support and province of Homs. His body was other aid, such as letters of support found the next day. and legal assistance. We have liaised with partner organizations in the Jarban was the first journalist killed global Journalists in Distress forum in Syria in relation to his work since to provide help to journalists under CPJ began keeping records in 1992. threat in Syria. And we have kept up In the five years that have passed intensive documentation to expose since his death, CPJ has documented the dangers of the country that, for at least 100 other journalists killed four consecutive years, has been the in the country. Most of them were deadliest place for journalists in the local and covered the war. This death world. toll has caused Syria to be ranked as the second deadliest place for While the Syrian government and journalists, behind only Iraq, where militants in the country can seem at least 173 journalists and 56 media immune to international pressure workers have been killed since the and advocacy, this may not always be 2003 invasion. the case.

As the Syrian conflict continues Our research helps journalists into its sixth year, conditions to weigh the risks and benefits of for journalists there are still entering Syria to cover the brutal deteriorating. The press is under conflict. We hope that one day our threat not only from the government, documentation will contribute to the which routinely targets journalists, forming of a new era in Syria—a time but also from militants like the when killers and other perpetrators extremist group Islamic State, and can be held to account, a time when rebel forces. Journalists face threats, the conflict is over and it is safe for harassment, abuse, and even murder. refugees, including exiled journalists, Many are abducted, and even more to return home. are forced to flee.

A Syrian government soldier gestures as forces gather in a deserted refugee camp. For four years, Syria has been the deadliest place for journalists.

Photograph by AFP/George Ourfalian TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 17

Ensuring safer communication for journalists

There has never been a safer way to request CPJ’s support.

In December 2015, CPJ received a help us to more effectively protect Facebook message from an individual journalists who need it the most,” said in the U.S. requesting help for an Iraqi Tom Lowenthal, CPJ’s San Francisco- journalist who had been threatened based Staff Technologist. by the extremist group Islamic State. When CPJ’s Middle East and North To use SecureDrop, CPJ uses Tails (an Africa team responded, they asked for operating system meant to preserve further communication to take place anonymity and privacy), a printer, an on SecureDrop, an encrypted system air-gapped computer (one that has that allows journalists to submit never been connected to the internet), information without revealing their and other equipment to securely access identity or location. information sent by users. The user is provided with an individualized code After communicating via this system, name to safely convey information to our MENA team vetted the case and our CPJ. Once the documents have been Journalist Assistance program helped submitted, they cannot be decrypted provide support. The journalist was by any computer connected to the soon granted a humanitarian visa for internet, including the SecureDrop another country. server.

It was a team effort, and a successful one. Our Technology Program worked with the Freedom of the Press Foundation to Since CPJ launched SecureDrop, a build and set up the system. Once it was number of journalists have used it to ready to be used, Lowenthal physically request help. Instructions are posted transported it to CPJ’s New York on CPJ’s website so that journalists are headquarters. Our Technology team able to easily access and use the system, installed, tested, and refined the system which is checked daily by CPJ staff. and trained staff in how to use it.

“In a time of unprecedented, “There has never been a safer way This year CPJ installed SecureDrop, which will help technologically mediated threats to to request CPJ’s support when journalists under threat communicate safely and journalism both online and offline, you’re under fire for your reporting,” securely with our staff. CPJ’s adoption of SecureDrop will Lowenthal said. Photograph by CPJ CAMPAIGN AGAINST IMPUNITY COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 19

‘A day of vindication’

For more than a decade, Colombian A year later, CPJ joined the Colombian journalist Jineth Bedoya Lima has group Fundación para la Libertad sought justice. “My last 15 years and de Prensa (Foundation for a Free six months have been a mixture of Press, or FLIP) for a meeting with the pain, anger, infinite love for my work, president, in which we urged him to obstinacy, and, yes, hopelessness,” address the high levels of impunity in she wrote in the 2016 edition of CPJ’s attacks against journalists and called annual publication, Attacks on the Press. for progress to be made in Bedoya’s case. Santos said he would prioritize the On May 25, 2000, Bedoya was drugged issue. and kidnapped at the gates of La Modelo prison in Bogotá while reporting on Bedoya returned to journalism after paramilitary death squads for the daily her attack. “I still do not know where El Espectador. The assailants bound I found the strength to return to the and blindfolded her, then drove her to newsroom, to my notes and to my tape a town three hours away, where they recorder,” she wrote in Attacks on the beat and raped her, all while telling her Press. “What I do see clearly is what in graphic detail about other journalists motivated me. I understand now that whom they planned to kill. The men left my love for this profession and for my her on a highway, hours from Bogotá. work as a reporter was greater than the pain of my body and my soul.” For years, Colombian authorities did little to nothing to resolve the case. CPJ In February 2016, a Colombian court wrote letters to the president calling convicted Alejandro Cárdenas Orozco, for justice, covered the case in alerts a former paramilitary fighter, in and blogs, and published a special Bedoya’s kidnapping and torture, and report in 2011, “The Silencing Crime: sentenced him to 11 years in prison Journalist Jineth Bedoya Lima, flanked by Michelle Obama and Hillary Clinton, at a 2012 ceremony at the U.S. State Department Sexual violence and journalists,” that and a fine of more than US$17,000. in Washington at which Bedoya is honored with an International highlighted Bedoya’s case. The next month, Mario Jaimes Mejía, Women of Courage Award. Photograph by AFP/Jewel Samad another former paramilitary fighter, In 2014, Colombian President Juan was convicted for kidnapping, rape, and Manuel Santos announced that May 25 torture, and sentenced to 28 years in would become the National Day for the prison. Dignity of Victims of Sexual Violence. The date was the same date that Bedoya, “It’s not a day of celebration,” Bedoya 14 years previously, was kidnapped at told CPJ after the convictions. “It’s a day the jail. of vindication.” Carlos Lauría, CPJ’s program director and senior Americas program coordinator, center left, speaks to Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos, center right, in May 2015. During the meeting, Santos pledged to prioritize combating impunity in attacks against journalists.

Photograph by the Colombian presidency THE PRICE OF JOURNALISM COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 21

These photos were taken by Mahmoud Abou Zeid, an Egyptian photographer also known as Shawkan, who has been behind bars in Egypt since August 2013. He was jailed while covering the dispersal of a sit-in in Cairo. Shawkan is being honored with CPJ’s 2016 International Press Freedom Award (p. 23). Earlier this year, CPJ held an exhibition at the Bronx Documentary Center featuring some of Shawkan’s work. The photos ranged from images of everyday life in Cairo to scenes from the Egyptian revolution. AWARDS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 23

CPJ is proud to honor these courageous journalists with its 2016 International Press Freedom Awards.

They have faced down extremists, authoritarian governments, and criminal enterprises to hold accountable those in power. Mahmoud Abou Zeid, Óscar Martínez Malini Subramaniam Can Dündar Shawkan El Salvador India Turkey Egypt Óscar Martínez joined El Faro, Central Malini Subramaniam, a contributor to Can Dündar, former chief editor of Mahmoud Abou Zeid, a freelance America’s first online-only newspaper, the news website Scroll, has reported the daily Cumhuriyet, was arrested photographer known as “Shawkan,” was in 2008 to help carry out an in-depth on alleged abuses by police and security in November 2015 and held with his detained while covering clashes in Cairo investigation of Central American migration forces, sexual violence against women, colleague, Erdem Gül, the paper’s in August 2013. After he was taken into across Mexico. In 2011, he co-founded extrajudicial killings, and threats against Ankara bureau chief, until February. custody, the U.K.-based photo agency a unit “Sala Negra” (Black Room), which journalists. She has been questioned, The allegations against them were in Demotix sent a letter to the Egyptian quickly gained a reputation for its hard- surveilled, and harassed by police and connection with a 2015 report in which government confirming that he was covering hitting investigations into extrajudicial members of a vigilante group over her Dündar alleged that trucks belonging to clashes for the agency. Shawkan is charged killings by police, a taboo subject in El reporting in Bastar, a district in the Turkey’s intelligence agency were used with weapons possession, illegal assembly, Salvador. In 2012, the El Faro staff was restive state of Chhattisgarh. In February, to smuggle arms to Syrian rebel groups. murder, and attempted murder, the same threatened after the newspaper published attackers threw stones at her home, At the journalists’ trial in March, the allegations levied against hundreds of an article describing an organized crime while a group chanted “Death to Malini judge granted the prosecutors’ request protesters detained during the clashes. He network. In August 2015, Martínez and a Subramaniam” from outside. She told CPJ to admit President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan denies the charges. In August 2015, one of colleague were forced to flee the country that police initially refused to let her file and the Turkish Intelligence Agency as his lawyers told CPJ that Shawkan should for three weeks after receiving death a police report, but eventually registered complainants, despite the defense saying be released because he has been in prison threats for an investigation into the killing one that included charges related only it would jeopardize the trial’s fairness. for two years without a trial. The Egyptian of eight suspected gang members allegedly to trespassing and property damage. During a break in the trial in May, a criminal code stipulates individuals can be murdered by the police. The journalist has Later that month, police detained and man shot at Dündar twice outside the held without trial for a maximum of two a security system, including panic buttons, questioned Subramaniam’s domestic staff courthouse, calling him a “traitor.” The years. The next month, Shawkan’s case was installed at his house and said that he and allegedly pressured her landlord to journalist was unharmed. On May 6, the referred to court, but the trial has repeatedly worries about taking his three-year-old evict her. Concerned for the safety of court sentenced Dündar to seven years been delayed. He is being held in prison in daughter to public parks. Still, he told CPJ, those around her, Subramaniam decided in prison, reduced to five years and 10 Cairo. His health has deteriorated and he has “I don’t think we’ve suffered yet even 1 to leave Bastar. Until her departure, months, and Gül to six years in prison, Hepatitis C. “Tora prison is like a cemetery,” percent of what those who we write Subramaniam was among only a few reduced to five, both on charges of Shawkan wrote in a letter smuggled out of about suffer.” journalists reporting from Bastar in revealing state secrets. Both of them are prison in April 2015. “It is a place where Chhattisgarh—the epicenter of the free pending appeal. dreams come to die.” conflict between Maoist groups and security forces. 2015 SUPPORTERS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 25

The Committee to Protect Journalists is extremely grateful to the individuals, Arianna Huffington Benjamin Marks The Overbrook Foundation Frances Stokes Kristi Huller Kati Marton Clarence Page Victoria Sujata corporations, and foundations whose generosity makes our work possible. We also Kathleen E. Hunt Daniel Massey Susan Page Stephanie Sy extend our gratitude to the many contributors who supported CPJ with gifts under Charlayne Hunter-Gault Marjorie Massing The PCW Management Center Tampa Bay Times $500, not listed here due to space limitations. This list includes donors who made Alberto & Susana Ibargüen Mastercard Robert Pearlman Paul & Karyn Krayer Tash Gwen Ifill Craig Matters Norman Pearlstine & TEGNA Inc. gifts during the period from January 1 to December 31, 2015. The Inner Circle Terry McCarthy Jane Boon John Temple ABC News James J. Cramer Charlotte Frederick Interpublic Group The McClatchy Company PepsiCo, Inc. Mary J. Thompson Abernathy MacGregor Group Rebecca Blumenstein Gordon Crovitz & Marc Freed Martha Irei Drew Mccoy Barry R. Petersen Thomson Reuters Adams Cowan Foundation Nancy Bobrowitz Minky Worden Hillary Frey Steve & Barbara Isenberg David E. McCraw Robert S. Pirie Time Inc. Adessium Foundation David Boies Crowell & Moring LLP Josh Friedman R. Larry Jinks James McGregor Gene F. Policinski Time Inc. Time to Stephen J. Adler Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP CUNY Graduate School Fusion Media Network, LLC Joan & James Shapiro Harriet McGuire Erwin R. Potts Give Back Campaign Advance Publications Boller-Thomas Foundation of Journalism Mihai Gadea Foundation Amy McIntosh & Jeffrey Dana Priest Tishman Speyer Aetna Foundation of Oregon The Dallas Morning News Gannett Foundation John S. & James L. Knight Toobin Mathew Quilter Properties, Inc. William Borucki Kenneth Danforth Anne Garrels Foundation Rajalaxmi McKenna Steven Rabinowitz Richard J. Tofel Andrew Alexander & Matthew Braithwaite John Daniszewski GE Foundation John Wiley & Sons Inc. Gordon McWilliams Richard Rampell Jill Totenberg Beverly Jones Marcus W. Brauchli Charles Davidson Getty Images Thomas Johnson Ari Melber Megan & Matthew Rand The Tow Foundation Allen & Company Bremen House Inc. Walter Dear Nancy Giles Alex Jones Joyce Menschel Dan Rather Tribune Media Franz & Marcia Allina Bridgewood Fieldwater Kevin J. Delaney Brooke Gladstone Kahn Charitable Foundation Meredith Corporation Toni Reinhold Garry Trudeau Suroosh Alvi Foundation Elisabeth DeMarse Charles Glasser David Kaplan Microsoft Corporation R. Bruce Rich Peter Tucker Stephen Bright Sibylle Denfert-Rochereau Goldman Sachs & Co. Andrew Katell Zachary R. Mider Robin Roberts Univision American Express Company Tom Brokaw The News Goldman Sachs Matching Donald Kimelman Michael Milczarek Courtney R. Rockett Thomas E. Unterman The Americas Business Jeffrey Brown Deutsche Bank Gift Program Jonathan Klein Marjorie Miller Royal Rodgers Barbara P. Usher Council Foundation Matt Brumbaugh Jonathan R. Donnellan Jacob Goldston Allan Klepfisz James Mintz Gerard & Sandra M. Rowe Van Eck Associates David Andelman Brunswick Group LLC Dow Jones Foundation Julie C. Goodyear Gary Knell Adil Mohammed Cristine Russell Corporation Loretta Anderson Buzzfeed Richard Edelman Google, Inc. Kornblith & Lasser Ann L. Morfogen Alanna Rutherford VICE Anna Maria and Stephen Renee Calabro Judith Ehrlich Gornisht-Helfen Fund Family Fund Morgan Stanley Samuel I. Newhouse Alberto Vitale Kellen Foundation Kathleen Carroll & Stanley Eisenberg Cheryl A. Gould Philip Kuntz Donald Morrison Foundation Inc. Kenneth M. Vittor APCO Worldwide Steve Twomey Richard & Gail Elden Ronald Gray Todd Larson Paige Morse Robert J. Samuelson Richard C. Wald Argus Media Inc. / Petroleum Hodding Carter Stephen Engelberg Greenberg Traurig, LLP Almar Latour The Morton K. & Jane Blaustein Estate of Marlene Sanders Darren Walker Argus CBS News Galienne Eriksen Reto Gregori Matt Lauer Foundation, Inc. Linda Schacht Stephanie Wang Mary Arnold Central Valley Foundation David Faber Tim Grieve Sarah Le Sueur Walt S. Mossberg David Schlesinger The Washington Post Around Foundation Rajiv Chandrasekaran Robert T. & Geraldine The Guardian Isaac Lee David Muir John Seabrook Maria J. Wawer The Associated Press Susan Chira Fabrikant Metz Evan Guillemin Barbara Lehman The Seabrook Foundation Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP James A. Attwood Reginald Chua Facebook Anders Gyllenhaal The Leo Model Foundation Andy Nahas Phillipe Selendy Weingart Foundation Edward Bailey Citi Jeremy Feigelson & Larry Hackett The Leon Levy Foundation Victor & Anne Navasky Anula N. Shah Henry E. Weinstein Bank of America CNN Eugenie Allen Laura Handman Andrew Levine NBC News Richard Siklos John D. Weis Martin Baron Daniel Colarusso Esther Fein & David Remnick Harris Family Fund Katherine Lewis Martha Nelson Bob Simon Jacob Weisberg & Deborah Richard Barry James Collier Financial Times Joseph W. Harrow Simon Li Network for Good Joel Simon & Ingrid Needleman Amanda Bennett Ronald C. Columbus John Finck Harvey Family Steve Liesman Company Abramovitch David Westphal Lauryn Bennett Christopher J. Conway Michael Finnegan Charitable Foundation Madeleine Lim The New Yorker Cam Simpson Lois Whitman Ann K. Cooper & Larry Finsbury Laurie Hays Steven & Amy Lipin The Nicholas B. Ottaway Randi Singer Signe Wilkinson Tobias J. Bermant Heinzerling FJC HBO Jane K. Lombard Foundation Harry Smith The William Penn Foundation Susan V. Bershad Sheila Coronel Forbes Inc. Hearst Newspapers Hamish F. MacDonald The Nieman Foundation for Caleb Solomon Brian Williams BH Media Group The Correspondents Fund The Ford Foundation Sharon Held Tony Maciulis Journalism at Harvard Sony Corporation of America Michael Williams Robin Bierstedt David Corvo Ford Motor Company Les Hinton Robert MacNeil Joseph Nocera Foundation Kurt Wimmer Mary Billard & Barry Cooper Lam Cossette Foundation Source Michael J. Hirschhorn Madigan Family Foundation Kate O’Brian Art & S. Sotloff Matthew & Lisa Winkler Molly C. Bingham Cow Hollow Fund Fox News James F. Hoge The Mailman Foundation, Inc. Irwin Oler Elizabeth Spayd Zerihun T. Wondimagegn Susan Blaustein Cox Media Group Thomas L. Frank Rachel Hosch The Marc Haas Foundation Omidyar Network Fund Inc. Paul Steiger & Wendy Brandes Yahoo! Inc. Jonathan Bloom Molly Coye Max Frankel & Joyce Purnick HSBC North America Sue Marcoux Open Society Foundations Mark Stevenson William D. Zabel Bloomberg LP Kirsten Craft Steven Frazier Amy Hubbard Bret Marcus Maureen A. Orth L. Frances Stewart Anonymous (10) FINANCIAL REPORT COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2016 | 27

Statement of FINANCIAL POSITION AS OF December 31, 2015 Statement of Functional Expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 (with comparative totals for December 31, 2014) (with comparative totals for the year ended December 31, 2014)

Program management fundraising TOTAL EXPENSES TOTAL EXPENSES services and general 12/31/15 12/31/14

ASSETS 12/31/15 12/31/14 SALARIES $ 1,950,475 $ 76,719 $ 392,474 $ 2,419,668 $ 2,198,209

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS $ 1,089,278 $ 858,636 PAYROLL TAXES & BENEFITS 528,238 29,675 109,303 667,216 521,720

PLEDGES RECEIVABLE, NET 3,198,621 3,376,656 PROFESSIONAL FEES (including in-kind) 722,507 198,485 134,699 1,055,691 1,015,491

PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 100,942 64,904 OCCUPANCY 315,895 13,504 64,882 394,281 382,128

INVESTMENTS 12,179,794 13,042,120 TRAVEL (including in-kind) 312,565 7,675 52,604 372,844 410,087

FIXED ASSETS (net of accumulated depreciation) 182,916 135,112 GRANTS 215,376 - - 215,376 140,886

SECURITY DEPOSIT 83,130 83,058 OFFICE SUPPLIES & MAINTENANCE 34,888 1,635 7,370 43,893 73,055

TOTAL ASSETS $ 16,834,681 $ 17,560,486 TELEPHONE & INTERNET 41,037 2,606 7,012 50,655 47,237

PUBLICATIONS, PRINTING & POSTAGE 78,555 432 40,621 119,608 114,300

LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS INSURANCE 30,568 1,194 9,210 40,972 37,281

LIABILITIES FEES 18,354 1,154 41,541 61,049 34,587

ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES $ 389,701 $ 263,950 DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION 49,419 2,256 10,923 62,598 62,297

DEFERRED RENT 183,329 220,196 BAD DEBT EXPENSE - 10,240 - 10,240 18,640

Conditional contribution 300,000 300,000 OTHER 54,405 7,731 16,742 78,878 62,145

TOTAL LIABILITIES 784,146 873,030 TOTAL $ 4,352,282 $ 353,306 $ 887,381 $ 5,592,969 $ 5,118,063

NET ASSETS

UNRESTRICTED 1,259,088 862,860

TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED 5,202,563 6,413,480

PERMANENTLY RESTRICTED 9,500,000 9,500,000

TOTAL NET ASSETS 15,961,651 16,776,340

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS $ 16,834,681 $ 17,560,486

Complete audited financial statements, including auditors’ notes, are available at our website, https://cpj.org. BOARD AND STAFF

Committee to Protect Journalists BOARD of DIRECTORS

CHAIRMAN Anne Garrels Ahmed Rashid Gwen Ifill Sandra Mims Rowe PBS Cheryl Gould David Remnick VICE CHAIR THE NEW YORKER Steven L. Isenberg Kathleen Carroll Charlayne Hunter-Gault THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Alan Rusbridger David Marash Jonathan Klein Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford HONORARY CHAIRMAN GETTY IMAGES Charles L. Overby Terry Anderson David Schlesinger FREEDOM FORUM Jane Kramer THE NEW YORKER Karen Amanda Toulon Norman Pearlstine DIRECTORS Bloomberg News TIME INC. Mhamed Krichen Stephen J. Adler AL-JAZEERA Jacob Weisberg Erwin Potts REUTERS THE SLATE GROUP Isaac Lee Dan Rather Franz Allina FUSION, UNIVISION NEWS Jon Williams AXS TV ABC News Amanda Bennett Lara Logan Gene Roberts CBS NEWS Matthew Winkler Philip Merrill College Krishna Bharat BLOOMBERG NEWS of Journalism, University Rebecca MacKinnon of Maryland Rajiv Chandrasekaran Kati Marton Senior Advisors Paul E. Steiger Susan Chira PROPUBLICA THE NEW YORK TIMES Michael Massing Andrew Alexander Brian Williams Sheila Coronel Geraldine Fabrikant Metz Christiane Amanpour MSNBC Graduate School of THE NEW YORK TIMES CNN Journalism, Columbia University Victor Navasky Tom Brokaw THE NATION NBC NEWS CPJ would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for their generous in-kind contributions: Josh Friedman CAREY INSTITUTE FOR Clarence Page James C. Goodale GLOBAL GOOD CHICAGO TRIBUNE Debevoise & Plimpton Dominique Soguel Malini Subramaniam Committee to Protect Journalists STAFF El Faro

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AMERICAS RESEARCH ASSOCIATE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA DIGITAL MANAGER Ahmed Abu Seif Joel Simon Alexandra Ellerbeck PROGRAM COORDINATOR Samantha Libby Sherif Mansour Randa Shaath DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Mexico Correspondent SENIOR EDITOR Robert Mahoney Jan-Albert Hootsen MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Jessica Jerreat SENIOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT Andes Correspondent Jason Stern NEWS EDITOR and OUTREACH John Otis Elijah Zarwan John Weis MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA BRAZIL CORRESPONDENT SENIOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATE MULTIMEDIA EDITOR DIRECTOR OF FINANCE Andrew Downie Yasmin el-Rifae Mustafa Hameed and ADMINISTRATION Sue Marcoux ASIA PROGRAM COORDINATOR MIDDLE EAST CORRESPONDENT SENIOR PROGRAM OFFICER SteveN Butler Nadia Massih Shazdeh Omari EDITORIAL DIRECTOR Elana Beiser ASIA RESEARCH ASSOCIATE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATE Yaqiu Wang AFRICA INTERN Peldun Tenzing ADVOCACY DIRECTOR RAMY GHALY Courtney C. Radsch SENIOR SOUTHEAST Development Assistant ASIA REPRESENTATIVE STAFF TECHNOLOGIST Tanya M. Somasundaram PROGRAM DIRECTOR and Shawn W. Crispin Tom Lowenthal SENIOR PROGRAM BUSINESS AND COORDINATOR, THE AMERICAS INDIA CORRESPONDENT Journalist Assistance ACCOUNTING MANAGER Carlos Lauría Aayush Soni Coordinator Margaret Abam-DePass Nicole Schilit EMERGENCIES DIRECTOR EUROPE AND CENTRAL Maria Salazar-Ferro ASIA PROGRAM COORDINATOR Journalist SAFETY SPECIALIST Nina Ognianova Colin Pereira AFRICA PROGRAM COORDINATOR CPJ ANNUAL REPORT 2016 Angela Quintal Europe and Central Asia SENIOR ADVOCACY AND Research Associate COMMUNICATIONS OFFICER Executive Editor Shazdeh Omari Editor Jessica Jerreat EAST AFRICA REPRESENTATIVE Gulnoza Said Kerry Paterson Murithi Mutiga Designer Jennifer Damiano Photo Editing Mark by Fire TURKEY REPRESENTATIVE COMMUNICATIONS ASSOCIATE WEST AFRICA REPRESENTATIVE Özgür Öğret Mehdi Rahmati Peter Nkanga

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A protester is seen against the backdrop of the Egyptian flag during a demonstration in Cairo.

COVER PHOTOGRAPH BY Mahmoud Abou ZEId