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Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan – July 2014 Draft

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Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan – July 2014 Draft ii | Page KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT iii | Page Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan Public Review Draft July 2014 Community Planning Division Department of Planning and Community Services North Slope Borough North Slope Borough Charlotte Brower, Mayor KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT iv | Page KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT v | Page Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan Public Review Draft July 2014 Adopted [DATE] City of Kaktovik Resolution # Assembly Ordinance # Prepared by the Community Planning Division Department of Planning & Community Services North Slope Borough Charlotte Brower, Mayor NORTH SLOPE BOROUGH KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT vi | Page Assembly Mike Aamodt, President (Barrow) Forrest Olemaun, Vice-President (Barrow) Herbert Kinneeveauk, Jr. (Point Hope & Point Lay) John Hopson, Jr, (Wainwright & Atqasuk) Doreen Lampe (Barrow) Vernon Edwardsen (Barrow) Duane Hopson, Sr. (Nuiqsut, Kaktovik, Anaktuvuk Pass, & Deadhorse) Planning Commission Paul Bodfish, Chair (Atqasuk) Lawrence Burris, (Anaktuvuk Pass) Richard Glenn (Barrow) Daisy Sage (Pt. Hope) Eli Nukapigak (Nuiqsut) Matthew Rexford (Kaktovik) Willard Neakok (Point Lay) Raymond Aguvluk (Wainwright) Department of Planning & Community Services Rhoda Ahmaogak, Director Wiley Contrades, Deputy Director Arnold Brower, Deputy Director Community Planning Division Robert Shears KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT vii | Page Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan Acknowledgements Many individuals and organizations participated in the several-year effort to revise the Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan. The community review organizations deserve a special thank you for their efforts in providing information for the plan: City of Kaktovik, Native Village of Kaktovik, Kaktovik Iñupiat Corporation, Harold Kaveolook School Advisory Committee, North Slope Borough School District, NSB Departments, Ilisagvik College, and NSB Commission on History, Language & Culture. The North Slope Borough Department of Planning and Community Services provided leadership for development of the plans, including Planning Director Rhoda Ahmaogak, Deputy Director Gordon Brower, Fred Parady, Mari Moore, Matt Dunn, Bob Shears, Suzanna Montana, and Erika Green. WHPacific, Inc. completed initial work on the plan, including facilitation of public meetings and completion of maps and draft chapters. Glenn Gray and Associates provided assistance for the final production of the plan. All photos courtesy of Glenn Gray and Associates unless otherwise noted. KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT viii | Page Kaktovik Comprehensive Development Plan List of Abbreviations ADF&G Alaska Department of Fish and Game AEA Alaska Energy Authority ANCSA Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act ANILCA Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act ANWR Arctic National Wildlife Refuge ASRC Arctic Slope Regional Corporation ATV All-Terrain Vehicle BAT Best Available Technology BIA Bureau of Indian Affairs BLM Bureau of Land Management CAH Central Arctic Herd CCHRC Cold Climate Housing Research Center CIP Capital Improvement Plan DCCED Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development DEW Distant Early Warning DoD Department of Defense EIS Environmental Impact Statement F Fahrenheit FAA Federal Aviation Administration HUD Department of Housing and Urban Development ICAS Iñupiaq Community of the Arctic Slope IRA Indian Reorganization Ac t KIC Kaktovik Iñupiat Corporation kWh Kilowatt hour lbs Pounds LLC Limited Liability Company MMS Minerals Management Service NPR-A National Petroleum Reserve – Alaska n.d. No date NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NSB North Slope Borough NSBMC North Slope Borough Code NSSI North Slope Science Initiative PAR Project Analysis Request PCE Power Cost Equalization KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT ix | Page PCH Porcupine Caribou Herd TNHA Tagiugmiullu Nunamiullu Housing Authority TCH Teshekpuk Caribou Herd USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (or Corps) USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service WAH Western Arctic Herd KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT x | Page TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Comprehensive Planning .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Purpose of the Comprehensive Development Plan .............................................................. 1 1.1.2 Governance ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 Basis for Comprehensive Planning ........................................................................................ 4 1.2 Kaktovik Village Vision Statement ................................................................................................ 5 1.3 Goals of the Plan ........................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Organization of the Plan ............................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 2: Community Overview ................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Setting ........................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 The People .................................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Community History ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 The Natural Environment ............................................................................................................ 11 2.4.1 Geography ........................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Soils ..................................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.3 Climate ................................................................................................................................ 12 2.4.4 Vegetation ........................................................................................................................... 13 2.4.5 Wildlife ................................................................................................................................ 14 2.5 Hazards ........................................................................................................................................ 18 2.5.1 Weather .............................................................................................................................. 18 2.5.2 Erosion ................................................................................................................................ 20 2.5.3 Flooding and Storm Surges ................................................................................................. 20 2.5.4 Wildfire ................................................................................................................................ 21 2.5.5 Permafrost Thaw ................................................................................................................. 21 2.5.6 Environmental Hazards ....................................................................................................... 22 KAKTOVIK COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN – JULY 2014 DRAFT xi | Page 2.6 Population ................................................................................................................................... 22 2.6.1 Population Trends ............................................................................................................... 22 2.6.2 Births and Deaths ................................................................................................................ 24 2.6.3 In-Migration and Out-Migration in Kaktovik ....................................................................... 25 2.6.4 Implications Based on Population Projections.................................................................... 26 2.7 Housing ....................................................................................................................................... 26 2.7.1 Future Housing Needs ......................................................................................................... 28 2.8 Public Facilities and Services ....................................................................................................... 29 2.8.1 Water and Sewer ................................................................................................................ 29 2.8.2 Energy ................................................................................................................................. 32 2.8.3 Solid Waste and Recycling .................................................................................................. 34 2.8.4 Transportation .................................................................................................................... 34 2.8.5 Recreational
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