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Dew Annotated Bibliography Annotated Bibliography: Distant Early Warning (DEW) System, Alaska Point Barrow Long Range Radar Site (formerly Distant Early Warning Site POW-M): Courtesy Karlene Leeper Prepared for United States Air Force 611th Civil Engineer Squadron Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands (CEMML) Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 September 2008 Annotated Bibliography: Distant Early Warning (DEW) System, Alaska Executive Summary The following document is an annotated bibliography of the Distant Early Warning (DEW) System. The DEW Line was an integrated chain of early warning radar and communication stations constructed between 1953 and 1957 from northwestern Alaska across northern Canada. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the system was extended west, across the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands, and east, across southern Greenland. The mission of the DEW System was to provide early radar warning of possible airborne attacks against the United States and Canada by the Soviet Union. The DEW System remained in use throughout the mid to late 1980s. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, it was replaced with the North Warning System (NWS). In 1996, the Air Force initiated a comprehensive environmental program, called “Clean Sweep,” to remediate and demolish facilities at DEW and other remote installations in Alaska that were no longer necessary to the defense mission. Because Clean Sweep was considered a federal undertaking under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), the Air Force implemented plans to identify, evaluate, and, if need be, mitigate the cultural resources of the former DEW System prior to conducting Clean Sweep activities. The annotated bibliography is considered part of the mitigative treatment for adverse effects to the DEW System as a result of Clean Sweep. The Annotated Bibliography of the Distant Early Warning (DEW) System was prepared for the United States Air Force (USAF), 611th Civil Engineer Squadron (611 CES) operating out of Elmendorf Air Force Base in Anchorage, Alaska by Tania Metcalf, Research Associate for the Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands (CEMML) based at Colorado State University (CSU) in Fort Collins, Colorado. i Annotated Bibliography: Distant Early Warning (DEW) System, Alaska [Page Left Intentionally Blank] ii Annotated Bibliography: Distant Early Warning (DEW) System, Alaska Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... i Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................... iii Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Historic Overview .............................................................................................................................. 3 Annotated Bibliography ..................................................................................................................... 11 Medium Index ............................................................................................................................. 177 Archival Material (Original Papers, Photographs, Maps, Architectural Plans, etc...) ........... 177 Audiovisual Material (Film, Video, Audio Tapes, CDs, etc…) ............................................ 177 Book ....................................................................................................................................... 177 Conference Paper ................................................................................................................... 177 Electronic Document ............................................................................................................. 177 Government Document .......................................................................................................... 177 Periodical (Journals, Magazines, Newspapers, etc…) ........................................................... 177 Personal Communication ....................................................................................................... 178 Report .................................................................................................................................... 178 Thesis ..................................................................................................................................... 178 Repository Index ......................................................................................................................... 179 Canada ................................................................................................................................... 179 Department of Defence, Directorate of History and Heritage, Ottawa, Ontario ................ 179 Diefenbaker Canada Centre, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan .................................................... 179 Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa, Ontario ................................................................. 180 Northwest Territories Archives, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories ............................... 180 Yukon Archives, Whitehorse, Yukon ............................................................................... 181 Interlibrary Loan .................................................................................................................... 181 Online .................................................................................................................................... 182 Private Collection and/or Individual Source .......................................................................... 182 United States .......................................................................................................................... 182 Alabama ............................................................................................................................ 182 Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell Air Force Base ................................. 182 Air University Library, Maxwell Air Force Base .......................................................... 183 Alaska ................................................................................................................................ 183 Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center, Archives and Collections Department ....... 183 Loussac Public Library, Anchorage .............................................................................. 184 National Archives and Records Administration, Pacific Alaska Region, Anchorage .... 184 United States Air Force, 611th Civil Engineer Squadron, Cultural Resources Manager Office, Elmendorf Air Force Base .................................................................. 184 United States Air Force, 3rd Wing History Office, Elmendorf Air Force Base ............. 185 University of Alaska, Anchorage, Consortium Library .................................................. 185 University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Rasmuson Library...................................................... 186 California ........................................................................................................................... 186 RAND Corporation, Santa Monica ................................................................................ 186 iii Annotated Bibliography: Distant Early Warning (DEW) System, Alaska Colorado ............................................................................................................................ 187 United States Air Force, Space Command, History Office, Peterson Air Force Base ... 187 Kansas ............................................................................................................................... 188 Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum, Abilene .............................. 188 Maryland ............................................................................................................................ 188 National Archives and Records Administration, College Park ...................................... 188 Massachusetts ..................................................................................................................... 189 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington ....................... 189 New Jersey ......................................................................................................................... 189 AT&T Archives, Warren ................................................................................................ 189 Pennsylvania ...................................................................................................................... 190 Mack Trucks Historical Museum, Allentown ................................................................ 190 Washington, DC ................................................................................................................ 190 Air Force Historical Studies Office ................................................................................ 190 Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration ......... 191 Library of Congress ........................................................................................................ 191 National Archives and Records Administration ............................................................
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