October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34599 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS WILLIAM HENRY HARRIS, EDITOR, Henry Harris loved his country and over all Americans, it is refreshing to BUSINESSMAN, AND CIVIC LEADER believed in its rich traditions and her­ ponder instead the cheerful words of a itage as well as in its future. He served musical tribute. his country during World War II as a Mr. Speaker, I would like to publicly HON. DAVID R. BOWEN bomber-navigator. Henry Harris was a commend Jerry Harris and his two col­ graduate of Mississippi State University, leagues for their efforts, and at this point OF ll4ISSISSIPPI and as a distinguished alumnus of that insert "Water Wonderland" in the REC­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES great institution continued to support its ORD: Friday, October 31, 1975 programs enthusiastically. WATER WONDERLAND Mr. BOWEN. Mr. Speaker, Mississippi He served in many leadership capac­ When I hear the song of Hiawatha, and the Nation lost one of our great edi­ ities in his home community of West Then I dream about an island grand, Point and Clay County. In addition to I see those woodland trails I used to wander, torial voices this past week when un­ In Michigan, that Water Wonderland. timely death stilled the pen of William providing the citizens a good, informa­ Henry Harris, editor and publisher of the tive newspaper and a voice of editorial Every wave that breaks at Gitcheguml, West Point Daily Times Leader and pub­ integrity, he was active in many civic Seems to say "Won't you come back again?" lisher of the Starkville Daily News. and religious affairs. Henry Harris was There ls always something new, a deaicon in the First Baptist Church of From Muskegon to the Soo, Henry Harris wrote clearly and con­ In Michigan, that Water Wonderland. cisely, from his heart, and throughout West Point, where he taught adult and our State his editorials and personal young men's Sunday School classes. He You can boast of sunny California, was a past president of the Clay County You can play on old Miami's sand, column were widely read and respected. But when it comes to taking my vacation, Henry Harris prided himself in being an Chamber of Commerce and served on the board of trustees of Mississippi Baptist It's Michigan, that Water Wonderland. old-fashioned editor, and he was an ex­ There's a Tulip Festival in Holland, pert in every facet of the business of pub­ Hospital, a fine medical institution serv­ ing the entire State. That I wouldn't miss for all the world, lishing a daily newspaper, from the And to ski and snowmobile, here the weather pressroom to the publisher's offices. He This great Christian gentleman died an ts ideal, had an extremely keen perception of the untimely death, at the age of 50 while In Michigan, that Water Wonderland. public interest and his grassroots com­ still in the prime of life. His passing is a shock and a personal loss to all of us Robins sing beneath the apple blossoms, mentaries were straight to the point. Trout are leaping in a placid stream, I know, because Henry Harris was a who knew him. West Point and the Gol­ Our cereals and furniture are famous, personal friend and supporter of mine, den Triangle area will miss him. Missis­ Our Coho and our deer a sportsman's dream. sippi will miss him. The Nation will miss but he never hesitated to let me know Don't forget about the Motor City, publicly when he disagreed with a posi­ him. In our sadness at his passing, we can only assume that God had a higher The town that really put the world on tion of mine or a vote here in the Con­ wheels, gress. But those of us in public office calling for Henry Harris than our need for his leadership and wisdom here on Two peninsulas are joined by Big Mac, need great editors such as Henry Harris And hand in hand together form that Water to keep us alert and to remind us to con­ this Earth. Wonderland. sider all aspects of an issue in making our decisions. The Mississippi University for Women school of journalism in 1968 WATER WONDERLAND named him the State's outstanding A LITERARY LOSS journalist. HON. WILLIAM D. FORD Not only was Henry Harris a news­ OF MICHIGAN HON. RONALD A. SARASIN paperman's editor, he was also an out­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES standing business and civil leader. His OF CONNECTICUT career stands as a monument to the Friday, October 31, 1975 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American free enterprise system and the Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, Friday, October 31, 1975 opportunity for personal achievement OJ:?-e of my constituents is the coauthor, Mr. SARASIN. Mr. Speaker, the lit­ and success. Henry Harris was a success with two colleagues, of a song, entitled erary world and society in general suf­ because he worked hard and inspired ''Water Wonderland," which has been those around him to work hard, also. proposed as the official State song of fered a major loss this week w'ith the Henry Harris was a great leader in Michigan. death in Danbury, Conn., of noted author our State, one of those men who had the Gerald Harris, of Westland, in my Rex Stout. Millions of Americans over vision and foresight to work tirelessly congressional district, wrote the song in the years have been entertained by Mr. for the progress and advancement of all 1953 in collaboration with Donald Large Stout's writings, and his principal char­ Mississippians. He served as president of and Harlan Moore. It was copyrighted acter, Nero Wolfe, has attained the the Mississippi Press Association and as at that time, and again this year. stature of a kind of folk hero. president of the Mississippi Economic A resolution designating "Water Won­ But Mr. Stout was more than simply Council, which is the State Chamber of derland" as the official State song has a writer. Over the 88 years of his life Commerce. It was Henry Harris who con­ been introduced in the Michigan Legis­ he engaged in an incredible range of ceived the "Colonel MIM" program, or lature, and is now under consideration. activities and pursuits. He was a unique the "Money in Mississippi" idea to stim­ Originally written during Michigan individual who contributed much to so­ ulate Mississippians to invest in their own Week in 1953, and first played publicly ciety and he shall be missed. This was future and prosperity. on the ''Make Way for Youth" radio pro­ summed up very well by a recent edito­ Another monument to Henry Harris' gram over station W JR, the song gives rial in the Washington Post, which I vision and foresight is the Golden Tri­ musical tribute to Michigan as a vaca­ would like to enter in the RECORD for angle Regional Airport, which provides tion paradise, offering lakes, woodlands, those who may have missed it. modern aviation service to Lowndes, wildlife, historic locations, and natural REX STOUT Clay and Oktibbeha counties and the beauty. The dean of America's mystery writers, cities of West Point, Columbus, and Although Michigan already has offi­ Rex Stout, died at his home in Danbury, Connecticut, the other day at the age of Starkville. Henry Harris correctly fore­ cially designated a State flower, fish, gem, eighty-eight. It had been some eighty-eight saw that the regional concept would be stone, bird, nickname, and flag, we do years-for Mr. Stout, for the 45 million peo­ the economic salvation for many of our not yet have a State song, and "Water ple who purchased copies of his Nero Wolfe communities, which are struggling to Wonderland" would appear to fill this books and for uncountable others who came provide the facilities and services neces­ need. across Mr. Stout in his myriad capacities sary to survive and prosper economically II) a time when inflation, unemploy­ over the years. We quote from a 1949 New in today's society. ment, and other problems hang heavily Yorker profile to give you some idea of what CXXI--2179-Pa.rt 217 34600 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 those capacities were: " ... banker ... book­ It is the first positive action to counter a Income received in 1974: keeper, yeoman on the Presidential yacht serious danger which was first highlighted From a. family-owned dairy farm Mayflower, boss of 3,000 writers of propa­ twenty years ago by the Kefauver crime in­ in Leicester Township of Bun- ganda. in World War II, gentleman farmer vestigations. It deserves to work. combe County, N.c ______$2, 398. 39 and dirt farmer, big businessman, cigar From dividends from a variety of salesman, pueblo guide, hotel manager, ar­ But he aJso notes that critics of the stocks and bonds (most belong chitect, cabinet maker, pulp and slick maga­ code predict that if it does work, "it will to me; some are owned by my zine writer, propagandist for world govern­ tum all prime time programing into wife) ------3, 241. 94 ment, crow trainer, jumping-pig trainer ... bland pabulum.'' From interest on purchase mon­ president of the Author's Guild, usher, ostler To both of these diverse views, most of ey real estate notes; savings de­ and pamphleteer." That, you understand, was the critics of television programing-and posits; Swannanoa, N.C. Baptist simply what he had done up until a quarter I am one-can agree. Early promises of Church bonds, etc______572. 40 of a. century a.go. From North Carolina Employees' What most people will remember Mr. Stout TV possibly-maybe probably-promised Retirement Fund (based on for, of course, is the immensely popular more than it could deliver. As we under­ service as Buncombe County At- series of forty-six Nero Wolfe mysteries and­ stood those promises, they would give us torney before coming to Con­ specifl.cally-the imaginative tour de force the highest in entertainment, in news, gress------1,310.16 that created its hero: the sedentary, seventh­ and in enlightened opinion that was of-a-ton sophisticate of West 35th Street in available in the land. We believed that 7,522.89 New York, a cranky gourmet and grower of television could, and would, raise stand­ Income tax paid in 1974: orchids, who used words like "Pfui!" and ards of excellence in public doing and Federal ------10,640.90 "Bahl", who believed that all motorized North Carolina state______2, 357. 84 vehicles were in imminent peril of blowing thinking immeasurably. Television has up and who managed by sheer brainpower within itself the possibility of creating a and observation to outsmart everybody else. new and nobler world. It would be the The Wolfe books are immensely entertain­ modern outlet of the fine arts, taking up DANGER ON THE IDGHWAYS: ing; they are funny; they engross. And Nero where the artists and musicians and BRAKE STANDARD 121 Wolfe has long since enjoyed a place beside writers of the historic past left otf. Poirot and Holmes and the other great fig­ However, television is a commercial ures of detective fiction. HON. BUD SHUSTER But lovers of Nero Wolfe mysteries would enterprise. It must make money. Its main argue that there was a special dimension to source of revenue is advertising. Adver­ OF PENNSYLVANIA these books, a quality that transcended sim­ tising to be effective must find viewers­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ple detective fiction. To say as much ls viewers who have money to spend for the Friday, October 31, 1975 neither to put down the competition (which goods or services advertised. We do know has its equally devoted following) or to from experience that people in general Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, despite freight these books with some presumed are attracted by the sensational. Indeed, protests over inadequate testing, the heavy message. Rather it is simply to ac­ the whole art of advertising lies in pro­ National Highway Traffic Safety Admin­ knowledge that Mr. Stout managed to create viding something sensational. It has yet istration persisted ir. promulgating a more than curiosity, suspense and mental new mandatory standard for big trucks challenge via his improbable hero. He also to be proven that the kind of television created, through Wolfe, a world of partic­ we approve would attract viewers in known as Brake Standard 121. The fol­ ular values that was as much of an attrac­ numbers sufficient to pay its high cost. lowing article written by Lee Hickling tion to his readers as the labyrinthine crimi­ Would we prefer to destroy television, of the Gannett News Service aptly dem­ nal schemes they were invited to figure out. or let it destroy our children-and all onstrates how an agency charged by Those values embodied and animated in the of us, for that matter? Congress with responsibility for highway portly hulk of Wolfe were independence, Most of us, I am convinced, would say safety can actually increase the danger irreverence, an unashamed commitment to that we must make the code succeed. It on America's highways through inept the pleasures of the senses, an unsentimental regulation. I commend this article to my abillty to choose between greater and lesser is the beginning of something highly virtues and a boundless (if cha.irbound) desirable. From the start it may be pos­ colleague: curiosity a.bout the way everything works. sible to go on to something better. It is TRUCKER WANTS BRAKE INVENTOR To TAKE A We gather that Mr. Stout was himself my feeling that all of us should support RmE something of an embodiment of these the code. We can see that our children (By Lee Hickling) values. We doubt he could have been other­ confine most of their viewing to the WASHINGTON .-A veteran Idaho truck wtse as the creator of the memorable Nero hours set aside for the code. We can ex­ driver has invited the inventor of a new Wolfe. Like many other avid fans we are press our approval of the programs pro­ braking system required by the federal gov­ trying to reconcile ourselves to the prospect ernment to come for a ride with him during of life without yet one more Nero Wolfe duced. And especially we can patronize this year's first snowfall. mystery to read. the advertisers who alone may be able to "After a few close ones, I would like his make the children's hours profitable. opinion on the safety of front wheel brakes," said Don Bennett of New Plymouth, Idaho, in a letter to Secretary of Transportation TV FAMILY VIEWING CODE William T. Coleman Jr. CONGRESSMAN ROY A. TAYLOR IN­ Bennett, 45, drives for the Northwest Agri­ COME REPORT cultural Cooperative Association of Ontario, HON. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS Ore. He told the DOT secretary-in a letter OF WEST VIRGINIA made public by the American Trucking As­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. ROY A. TAYiOR sociations--that in three weeks he has twice OF NORTH CAROLINA Friday, October 31, 1975 barely escaped a serious accident caused by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the anti-lock system required by the power­ Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, in an­ ful new brakes. swer to criticisms of crime, violence, and Friday, October 31, 1975 He has been invited to testify at hearings sex on the dally fare of television Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina. Mr. here later this month, called by the National viewers, especially during the hours when Speaker, for each year I have been in Highway Safety Administration, which wrote and enforced the new brake standard. children constitute a large part of the Congress through 1973 I have published Since Jan. 1 on new trailers and March 1 audience, the National Association of in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a report for tractors and trucks, the rule requires an Broadcasters has put into operation on the sources and amounts of income anti-lock system to maintain stability and what is called a "Family Viewing Code.'' received by Mrs. Taylor and me, in ad­ directional steering of big trucks under con­ This code would eliminate the objection­ dition t.o my salary as a Member of Con­ ditions that would otherwise cause a wheel able material from two of the early eve­ gress, and I have published a report on lockup. ning hours, one taken from what is called the amount of income tax, both Federal Bennett says the system has been mal­ prime time, and the other from the hour and North Carolina State, which we paid functioning on him, causing the lockups that it is supposed to prevent. immediately preceding prime time. for calendar years 1969 through 1973. In There ls a computer in the system that ls Federal Communications Commis­ order to bring this financial disclosure supposed to prevent a front wheel lockup sioner Abbott Washburn characterizes up-to-date, I hereby submit the following during heavy braking. "I have had two new the code as a "constructive self-regula­ information applicable to calendar year computers installed in the last week, ap­ tory action." He says further: 1974: proximately 3,000 miles," wrote Bennett. October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS :M601 " ... I personally have talked to the factory Not every citizen will be pleased with the If confidence in Government is on the de­ representative at Seattle. They sent me to a vote of his representative on every issue. That cline it is because Congress refuses to place to replace a bad computer, and before gives the representative an opportunity to reform itself. I got to Boise, the new computer was not fulfill another duty-the duty to be a. leader The Federal Elections Commission is working properly." and opinion maker based on his exposure to Bennett's letter went on: "I have driven a the information and analysis unavailable to now little more than window dressing. truck for 20 years and not had one accident, the average citizen. People had hoped that the creation of but with new brakes I have had two close If the representative fails as a leader, if he this Commission would be a major gov­ calls in three weeks' time by having to stop fails to persuade the majority of his con­ ernmental reform. If the public is dis­ fast. The brakes grab and pull the truck into stituents that he has ta.ken the correct course gusted and disappointed with Congress another lane of traffic. on most issues, or on the issues of most im­ and with Washington, it is with good "Now, the fellow that thought this idea portance, then it is the genius of the system reason. up-I would llke to have this man come and that the representative can be replaced with make a trip with me the first snowfall, and one who may exercise his own conscience and tie hlm in so he can't get out. After a few judgment in a. manner more convincing to close ones, I would llke his opinion on the the constituents. TRIBUTE TO SERGEANT O'KEEFE safety of front wheel brakes. It is a mistake, however, for any repre­ "I know this man isn't a truck driver; if he sentative at any level of government to at­ ls, he's an idiot. I don't know why someone tempt to be a. mirror for his constituents. HON. MARTIN A. RUSSO sitting at a desk can dictate safety pro­ That robs him of the one ingredient the con­ OF ll.LINOIS cedures that he knows nothing about, only stituents should be seeking above all others from his slide rule or whatever he uses." in a representative-the ability to make clear, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conscientious choices on the evidence, un­ Friday, October 31, 1975 swayed by pressure or opinion. To argue for independent judgments by Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, today I elected representatives reg·a.rdless of con­ would like to share with my colleagues a REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT stituent opinion is not to argue for an elitist tribute to a gentleman in my district. I RESPONSIBil.ITY form of government. Quite the contrary. It is am proud to be his Representative and to argue for a. responsible democracy as op­ to have this opportunity to commend him posed to an irresponsible one. It is to argue on the occasion of his retirement from HON. RALPH S. REGULA for a. republic in which the citizen may look the Marines. OF OHIO with pride and respect at people who have voted their consciences and who are proud We are in the midst of preparing for a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to stand on those votes. most special celebration in our country Friday, October 31, 1975 Conscience might be faulty. Judgment and it is appropriate that as we approach might be wrong. But there is something our Nation's 200th birthday, we take note Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, I was noble a.bout people who are able to stand and of not only those special people in the pleased to read a thoughtful editorial in say, "This is my stand. I am doing this, cast­ past that contributed immeasurably to the October 16, 1975 issue of the Akron ing this vote, because I know in my heart it our country's greatness, but also of those Beacon Journal, published by Knight is right." people in our midst today who willingly Newspapers in Akron, Ohio, regarding By the same token, there is nothing noble about those who are reduced to standing and shoulder the responsibilities of maintain­ the responsibility each of us accepted saying, "I did it because my people told me ing our way of life and perpetuating tra­ when seeking election to Congress. to. That's where the votes were." ditions that keep our Nation strong. I believe that this editorial has cap­ Such attitudes lead only to disillusion­ One such individual is 1st Sgt. Walter tured the essence of representative de­ ment with the representatives and with the O'Keefe, recently retired from the U.S. mocracy. I recommend this article to the system. Marines after 25 years of service, and as attention of our colleagues. the Representative in Congress for this VOTING ON CONSCIENCE gentleman, I want to extend a heartfelt When there is a major issue before Con­ DISAPPOINTMENT IN CONGRESS "thank you" and acknowledge the debt gress, should congressmen vote according to CONCERNING FEDERAL ELECTION that we all owe this fine Marine. their consciences or according to the wishes COMMISSION VOTE of the majority of their constituents? Throughout our country's history, there This question goes to the heart of the re­ have been men like Sergeant O'Keefe publican system of representative govern­ who served willingly and capably. All too ment. HON. LARRY PRESSLER often they are taken for granted as we The decline in understanding and accept­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA sit comfortably within our own secure ance of representative government and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lives, knowing that people "out there trend toward plebiscitary democracy are illus­ somewhere" are guarding our shores and trated by the fa.ct the question needs to be Friday, October 31, 1975 asked. The depth of the decline is illustrated fighting in distant comers of the world or by the fa.ct that more and more candidates Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. Speaker, the vote serving in thankless jobs that are still a for public office-national, state and local­ against House Resolution 780 disapprov­ vital part of our country's defense sys­ seem to believe that the only way to "repre­ ing the Federal Elections Com.mission's tem. sent" their constituents is to become a. mirror first proposed regulations is the most Sergeant O'Keefe began his service ca­ of the lowest common denominator among disappointing single act this Congress reer in 1943, served in three wars and those constituents. has engaged in since I have arrived. saw action during the Cuban Crisis as It is physically impossible for every citizen About a year ago Congress set up the well as the Panama campaign. He retires to be fully informed on every issue-even if they wanted to be. It is impossible for every Federal Elections Commission to inde­ with numerous awards and medals and I citizen to have a.11 the evidence at hand, and pendently oversee campaign . reporting. want to cite just a few of them: The to have the opportunity to assess the interest The campaign reform law was sold to the presidential unit citation, six Marine of the community as a whole rather than a country on the basis that now an in­ good conduct medals, the medal for the small portion of that community. dependent voice would bring greater in­ American theater, Armed Forces defense Representatives, whether they are in Con­ tegrity to campaign finance reporting. ribbon, World War II victory ribbon, gress, the state legislature, city council or on But what happened regarding the Com­ United Nations medal, Korean presiden­ a. school board, a.re elected to do what ea.ch mission's first ruling indicates that Con­ tial unit citation, Marine expeditionary citizen is unable to do on his own-become fully informed on the issues, form a. respon­ gress is not really interested in reform medal, Vietnam service and campaign sible opinion based on the evidence and vote at all. The facade of reform in the crea­ medal as well as three combat stars for on the basis of that evidence for the course tion of a commission occurred-but when World War II and the NavY occupational he believes is best for the community as a. that Commission attempts to put any re­ award. whole. strictions on Congressmen's activities the I commend Sergeant O'Keefe for his In doing that, the representative becomes Congress quickly strikes the regulations record, for his unflagging devotion to his a kind of higher conscience for each citizen down. With this attitude it cannot be the country and I wish for him a retirement while voting his own conscience. In short, the citizen who elects a representative vests that independent commission it was designed that is complete with the blessings of a representative with the duty and responsibil­ to be, rather it will become little more full and happy life. He has earned the ity to use his best judgment in casting a. vote than a clerk's office to carry out the rest, as well as a special spot in the in place of the citizen on each issue. wishes of the majority party in Congress. hearts of his countrymen. 34602 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 FOX BUTTERFIELD OF NEW YORK sional trips to mainland China, which the large, powerful corporations from whom TIMES HAS DISTORTED SENSE OF are completely and openly paid for by he has to buy. VALUES ON CONGRESSIONAL the Peking Government, in a very mat­ It becomes even more shocking when prices are compared with 1967 levels. For TRIPS ter-of-fact manner. the seven year period, the above percentages Granted, in the case of the People's explode to 212%, 191%, and 263% respec­ Republic of China, the rules have been tively. HON. WILLIAM M. KETCHUM smoothly circwnnavigated. The comp­ As the American farmer is feeling this ex­ OF CALD'ORNXA troller opined, in 1975, "• • • it would traordinary cost squeeze, he is also feeling IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES appear that the benefits have in reality the threats against his only real hope for survival. Friday, October 31, 1975 been extended to the United States, and not to the recipients at all • • *" in ref­ Cooperatives are his method of dealing Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, I feel erence to an early congressional tour with the powerful buyers and sellers on a I must comment on a recent New York somewhat more equal basis. Yet there are of the PRC. However, it is clear that the some who seek to destroy this efficient mar­ Times article by Fox Butterfield. The visit to the People's Republic of China keting system. commentary implied that certain of my was essentially the same as visits to any Especially with today's strangling infla­ colleagues were guilty of illegal or at other nation. The Congressmen wanted tion, we can no longer take the American least improper behavior in accepting firsthand information; the hosts wish farmer-and his production-for granted. trips to Taiwan from a private Republic to provide a guided tour, supplying that His valuable contribution to this nation can of China organization. firsthand information, and leaving their be continued only if we provide an atmos­ The Pacific Cultural Foundation­ phere conducive to profitable farm opera­ guests with a good impression. tions. PCF-the organization in question, is What, then, are Mr. Butterfield and The American farmer. Let's not take him registered as a private, nonprofit cor­ the Times objecting to? Perhaps they for granted. poration of the Republic of China. How­ feel that the spirit of the law was vio­ ever, Mr. Butterfield suggests that close lated when congressional personnel ac­ examination reveals the foundation to cepted trips from an organization which ATI'ENTION, HENRY KISSINGER-­ "serve largely as a front for the nation­ they allege has connections with a for­ HOWARD PRESTON TELLS WHAT alist government," and that it is "the eign government. But, if the spirit of the HE WOULD DO "IF HE WERE IN latest incarnation of the China Lobby, law is their concern, would they not be CONGRESS" the once powerful pro-nationalist group.'' demanding that individual members, or As corroboration for this allegation, the United States, pick up the tab for Mr. Butterfield indicates that three the mainland tours? Instead, we find the HON. RONALD M. MOTTL senior officers of China Airlines serve on author calling on the Taiwan-traveling OF OHIO the board of PCF, and that they are "all members to explain their activities, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES retired nationalist generals considered insinuating improper behavior on their Friday, October 31, 1975 close to Chiang Ching-Kuo." He also part. produces a statement by a nameless One is left with the suspicion that the Mr. MOTI'L. Mr. Speaker, I would like China Airlines staff member, stating that to call the attention of Secretary of State Times' real objection is with congres­ Henry Kissinger-and every Member of while the foundation paid for Members' sional visits to Taiwan. If this is the case, airfares, it was in turn reimbursed by the they have approached the question by a this House-to an article which appeared Taiwan Government. route more devious than that they accuse in the Cleveland Plain Dealer last Octo­ Mr. Butterfield believes his evidence the Pacific Cultural Foundation of ber 27. to be solid enough to link PCF with the taking. The article is a column by Howard government, despite reassurances by Preston, who has the distinction of being PCF Executive Secretary Huang Sheng one of Ohio's leading journalists. Ti that no government moneys were in­ DO NOT TAKE THE AMERICAN Mr. Preston has a message for Dr. Kis­ volved. His line of reasoning leads him FARMER FOR GRANTED singer and for every Member of this to conclude, therefore, that gifts to con­ House with which I heartily concur. gressional personnel from PCF are, in Mr. Preston's column follows: fact, gifts from an agent of a foreign HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS IF I WERE IN CONGRESS power. OF KANSAS (By Howard Preston) United States Code, title 5, section IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If I were a member of Congress, I would 7342, specifies that gifts to employees address myself to the State Department as of the Federal Government-including Friday, October 31, 1975 follows: Congressmen--of more than minimal "Do not tell me anything you do not want Mr. SEBELIUS. Mr. Speaker, a series me to report back to my constituents. They value are "deemed to have been accepted of advertisements by Far-Mar-Co. Inc., sent me here to assist in making laws, to in behalf of the United States, and shall Hutchinson, Kans. recently appeared in oversee the country's health and welfare, to be deposited by the donee for use and U.S. News & World Report magazine watchdog its financial and economic opera­ disposal as the property of the United publicizing the farmers' situation in light tions and to be a check on the other branches States." of the controversial grain sales to Russia. of government." In 1974, the Comptroller of the United Mr. George vo·th, executive vice presi­ I would go on record with Henry A. Kis­ States observed that "because of the im­ dent of Far-Mar-Co. Inc. is to be com­ singer, the secretary of state, in this manner: possibility of surrendering the gift of a mended for his fine efforts to keep the "Every American citizen 1s entitled to know trip once it has been accepted and what goes on officially in our dealings with public informed on matters affecting other nations. Secret treaties, secret under­ taken," donees would be unable to com­ U.S. agriculture and how agriculture re­ standings and secret commitments down ply with the law. Based on this, the Com­ lates to all Americans. For the benefit of through history have sparked wars and re­ mittee on Standards of Official Conduct my colleagues who may have missed this volts and have destroyed faith in free gov­ issued an advisory opinion, declaring: series the fallowing is the · first of the ernment. Therefore, if you want to explain That acceptance of travel or living ex­ series: some international pact already decided on, penses, in specie, or in kind by a. Member or with the stipulation that I not tell my peo­ THE FARMER Is PAYING THE PIPER, BUT LOOK ple, then count me out." Employee of the House of Representaitives WHO'S DANCING from any foreign government, offic1al agent, I can see that prelimlnary meetings and or representative thereof is ... prohibited. To put things into perspective, let's take initial steps leading toward an agreement 1n­ a look at what the American farmer is vol ving the United States could be private Now, I am struck here by a certain in­ paying. matters. There is give-and-take involved congruity in the Times' reporting. A He paid 81 % more in 1974 for fertllizer which shapes a final outcome. And until great deal of space has been devoted to than he did 1n 1973. And that's when he finalization, steps are tentative. ''exposing" congressional dealings with could get it. His building and fencing supply But after the chief negotiators agree, then costs were up 23 % • When he planted his the people have the right to hear the whole an alleged Nationalist Chinese Govern­ crops, the farmer paid 20 % more for his thing explained. ment ''front," basing insinuations on seed in 1974 than he did 1n 1973. I hope that Alnericans never forget how rather tenuous shreds of evidence. Yet, These are tust three examples. But they they were misled and bamboozled by the the very same article treats congres- show what the farmer is having to pay to Johnson and Nixon administrations concern- October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3146031 ing America's role in the fighting in South­ stand. But if we glorify suicide, more sui­ 011, Chemical and Atomic Workers Inter­ east Asia. The President, cabinet members, cides will result. If we glorify drugs, more national Union (AFL-CIO). military leaders and at least one senator drugs will be used. And it is not necessary Public Citizen (Congress Watch). were part of the deception. to approve the thing glorified . . . just talk Retail Clerks International Association There was a lesson there to be learned. It about it all the time, marvel about the hor­ (AFL-CIO). was generally agreed that never again would ror of it, examine it, and above all keep talk­ Sierra Club. Congress be so lax as to let the executive ing about it. United Auto Workers. branch handle things on a basis of "trust us In this way the journalists of America are United Mine Workers of America. now and we may explain later." themselves seriously endangering the life of United Presbyterian Church (Washington Then came Kissinger's Middle East peace the President of the United States. And now Office). plan which includes U.S. personnel as peace­ I'm afraid the journalists of the valley are United Steelworkers of America (AFL- keepers and huge wads of taxpayers• money following suit. CIO). to be paid to the squabbling nations as long I wish we could all agree to leave the sick Women's Equity Action League. as they do not go to war again. actions of warped minds to the professional Women's Lobby. And Kissinger, despite his promise that help they need and the obscurity they de­ Women's National Democratic Club. every item of the agreement would be dis­ serve until the tragedy or the futllity of the!? Consumer Advocates. played for Americans, then tried to play the actions is overwhelmingly apparent. LOCAL GROUPS AND INDrvmUALS old shell game. He vowed complete disclo­ sure. But first he wanted to brief congres­ Alabama sional committees in private. Then he sug­ Alabama Labor Council (AFL-CIO). geste.d that he and Congress decide just how AGENCY FOR CONSUMER PROTEC­ Julian Butler, Attorney-at-Law (Hunts­ and in what manner the material would be ville). divulged. In other words, the American peo­ TION-LOOK WHO IS FOR IT Morris Dees, Civil Rights Attorney ple should be spoon-fed, as Nixon implied. (Montgomery) . If I were a congressman, right then I would Elmore Community Action Committee have asked Kissinger what was wrong with HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL (Wetumpka). Dr. Higdon Roberts, Jr., Director, Center telling the truth, the whole truth. If he per­ OF NEW YORK sisted in his devious way, I would have said, for Labor Education and Research, University "You do not trust the people. I do. They are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Alabama (Birmingham). old enough to hear the facts. So do not tell Friday, October 31, 1975 Ronald Menton, Director, Alabama Credit me anything I cannot relate to them." Union League. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, next Wllliam Baxley, Attorney General. week, the House will have an opportunity Arizona to vote on the establishment of an Agency Paul Castro, Governor. SICK MINDS AND JOURNALISM for Consumer Protection, H.R. 7575. This Arizona Consumer Council. bill has been termed by the leading con­ Arizona Committee for Social Utility. sumer groups as "the most important Tucson Public Power. HON. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS consumer bill ever considered by the Arkansas OF WEST VIRGINIA Congress." David Pryor, Governor. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The legislation should have become law Earl Anthes, Community Development Friday, October 31, 1975 years ago. The establishment of a Con­ Consultant (West Memphis). sumer Agency is more important today Arkansas Community Organization for Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, a few than it was a year ago when first Reform Now (Little Rock). days ago television station WSVA-TV, proposed. Arkansas Consumer Research (Little Harrisonburg, Va., broadcast an editorial Rock). I insert into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Jim Guy Tucker, Attorney General. deploring the tendency of journalists to at this point, the very impressive list of glorify "perverted psychopaths." It only a number of the supporters of H.R. California speaks, "loud and clear," on a matter Alameda County Consumer Action, Inc. 7575: California Citizen Action Group. which should reach every TV listener be­ SUPPORTERS OF H.R. 7575 California Public Interest Research Group. tween the Atlantic and the Pacific. The This coalition. consisting of various con­ CalPIRG Advocates. station gives reasons why the journal­ sumer, farm, senior citizen, religious, and Coalition for Santa Clara Valley. ists use valuable time in analyzing the community groups, labor unions, and state Consumers Cooperative (Don Rothenberg, vagaries of sick minds. No hearer can fail and local officials, favor enactment of the Richmond). to understand the station's concern over agency for consumer advocacy legislation. Consumers Coop of Palo Alto. the results of "sensational gossip." NATIONAL GROUPS Consumers United of Palo Alto. Station WSVA-TV reaches a large Amalgamated Clothing Workers of Amer­ Fight Inflation Together (Los Angeles). ica ( AFL-CIO) . Friends Committee on Legislation of part of the Second Congressional Dis­ Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Southern California. trict of West Virginia, which is my home Workmen (AFL-CIO). Gil Graham, Esq., Lawyers Committee for and the home of my constituents. I am American Association of Retired Persons. Urban Affairs (San Francisco). happy to have a television station of American Association of University Women. Bob Fellmeth, Deputy District Attorney such pronounced honesty and straight­ Americans for Democratic Action. ( San Diego) . forwardness to speak to our people. In B'na.i B'rith Women. People's Lobby (Los Angeles). my opinion, telecasts such as the follow­ Common Cause. San Francisco Consumer Action. ing represent accurately the feeling of Communications Workers of America San Francisco Consumer Advocates. (AFL-CIO). Colorado the majority of its audience: Consumer Action for Improved Food and It has been dismaying to see and hear the Drugs. Colorado League for Consumer Protection. journalists of this country spending their Consumer Federation of America. Colorado Public Interest Research Group. talent in the examination of perverted psy­ Consumers Union of the United States, Inc. Connecticut copaths. The glorification of people who Cooperative League of the United States of Connecticut Citizen Action Group. threaten the life of the President of the America. Connecticut Consumer Association, Inc. United States has ... as the Supreme Court Friends of the Earth. Connecticut Public Interest Research used to say about pornography . . . no re­ International Association of Machinists Group. deeming social value. and Aerospace Workers (AFL-CJ'.O). We all thought it was just a character­ International Union of Electrical Radio Delaware istic of the national news services. But now, and Machine Workers (AFL-CIO). Mrs. Frances West (Director, Consumer Af· we know it isn't so. We have discovered that International Ladies Garment Workers fairs Division). a man charged with plotting to harm the Union ( AFL-CIO) . District of Columbia President once-six years ago--lived in the Movement for Economic Justice. Shenandoah Valley, and reporters are fall­ National Black Media Coalition. District of Columbia Public Interest Re­ ing all over themselves to discover more de­ National Congress of Hispanic-American search Group. tails of the individuals kinky past. Citizens. Florida Gossip sells. Sensational gossip sells sen­ National Consumers Congress. Reuban Askew, Governor. sationally. But at the risk of airing our pro­ National Consumers League (Esther Peter- American Consumer Associaition, Inc. fession's laundry, I have to say that Journal• son, President). Concerned Consumers of Dade County. ism and gossiping ought to be different. National Council of Senior Citizens. Congress of Senior Citizens. Sick minds are triggered, and sick actions National Farmers Union. Consumer Information Center of Central produced, by forces we don't clearly under- National Political Women's Caucus. Florida, Inc. 34604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975

Georgia Rex Lundberg, Commissioner of Consumer Washington Citizens Consumer Council of Georgia. Affairs. Daniel J. Evans, Governor. Robert List. Attorney General. Guam Washington Committee on Consumer Elliott Sattler, Deputy Attorney General. Interests. Ricardo Bordallo, Governor. New Jersey West Virginia Idaho Brendan Byrne, Governor. West. Va. Citizen Action Group. Cecil D. Andrus, Governor. Center for Consumer Education Services Wisconsin Illinois (Edison). Patrick J. Lucey, Governor. Dan Walker, Governor. New Jersey Public Interest Research Wyoming Illinois Public Interest Research Group. Group. Wyoming Public Interest Research Group. Indiana New Mexico Indiana Publlc Interest Research Group. Toney Anaya, Attorney General. Emily Belasquez, Director, Consumer Edu­ Iowa cation Program, All Indian Pueblo Council. Iowa. Consumers' League. Delacroix Davis, Jr., Chairman, FEB Con­ COMMISSION ON OLYMPIC SPORTS Iowa Public Interest Research Group. sumer Issues Committee (Albuquerque­ Kansas Santa Fe). HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL Herman Grace, Director, Division of Hu­ Consumer Relation Board, Kansas State OF Il..LINOIS University. man Resources, Office of the Governor. Consumer United Program. Mrs. Viola. Pena, Director, Consumer Pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES William Griffin, Assistant Attorney Gen­ tection Division {Albuquerque). Friday, October 31, 1975 eral & Chief, Consumer Protection Division. New Mexico Public Interest Research Kansas City Consumers Association. Group. Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the Pres­ Richard L. D. Morse, Professor, Family Jerry Apodaca, Governor. ident formed his Commission on Olympic Economics, Kansas State University. New York SPorts on June 19. Since that time the Earl Sayre, Legislative Chairman, Kansas Adolfo Ala.yon, Consumer Action (Bedford Commission has conducted one hearing Council on Aging. Stuyvesant). and will conduct its second hearing in Curt Schneider, Attorney General. Center for Community Issues Research New York on November 10 and 11. As a Kentucky (Rochester). member of the Commission I have par­ Consumer Action Now (CAN). Consumers Association of Kentucky, Inc. Consumers Association of New Yor~ ticipated in the Commission's work and Kentucky Public Interest Research Group. (Rochester). have noted its progress. To that end the Louisiana Consumer Protection Board (Huntington). Commission's executive director, Michel Acadiana League. Metro-Act of Rochester. T. Harrigan, made an important address Consumer Protection Center. New York Consumers Assembly. before the General Assembly of Interna­ William Guste, Attorney General. New York Public Interest Research Group. tional Sports Federations in Montreal on Louisiana Consumers' League. James Picken, Commissioner of Consumer October 7. I feel that his remarks were Mayor's Office of Consumer Affairs (New Affairs (Nassau County). particularly significant and Portray ac­ Orleans). North Carolina curately the Point of decision that the Charles w. Tapp, Director, Louisiana Gov­ North Carolina. Consumer Council. United States faces in its role in inter­ ernor's Office of Consumer Protection. Consumer Center of North Carolina. national amateur sports competition. Maine Conservation Council of North Carolina. North Carolina Public Interest Research To show what I mean, the recent U.S. Combat, Inc. (Portland). performance in the Pan American Maine Public Interest Research Group. Group. North Dakota Games in Mexico City was outstanding. Maryland Arthur A. Link, Governor. However, it should be noted that the Marvin Mandel, Governor. Community Action Line (Grand Forks). CUbans won 50 gold medals while they Alliance for Democratic Reform (Mont- Ohio won only eight 4 years ago in Cali, Co­ gomery County). lombia. The CUbans did so well, not so Maryland Citizens Consumer Council. Consumer Action of North Dayton. Maryland Public Interest Research Group. Consumer Conference of Greater Cincin­ much because they are a regimented so­ Montgomery County Office of Consumer nati. ciety, but because they are organized and Affairs. Consumer Protection Association of Cleve­ structured along the lines of competence. Massachusetts land. This is what the United States has to do Consumers League of Ohio. and it is through the study being con­ Father McEwen, President, Association of Ohio Consumers Association. Massachusetts Consumers (Boston). ducted by the President's Commission on Massachusetts Public Interest Research Oregon Olympic Sports that we as a country can Group. Community Care Association, Inc. (Port­ rea-ch this goal. I ask that Mr. Harrigan's Michigan land). Oregon Consumers' League. speech be reprinted at this Point in the Wtlliam G. Milliken, Governor. RECORD: Pennsylvania Consumer Alliance of Michigan. PRESIDENT FORD'S COMMISSION ON OLYMPIC Michigan Citizen's Lobby. Milton Sha.pp, Governor. SPORTS Michigan Consumer's Council. Alliance for Consumer Protection. I want first to thank Mr. Thom.as Keller Michigan Public Interest Research Group. Bucks County Consumer Organization. Esther K. Shapiro, Director, Consumer Af- and the other officers and council of GAIF Pennsylvania League for Consumer Pro- for providing me the opportunity to address fairs Department, City of Detroit. tection. Robert Leonard, District Attorney (Flint). the 1975 GAIF meeting here in Montreal on Philadelphia Area Consumers' Council. behalf of President Ford's newly created Minnesota Ruth Rodman, Director, Consumer Affairs Commission on Olympic Sports. I have had Wendell R. Anderson, Governor. Education Division, Philadelphia. School Dis­ the great pleasure of meeting many of you Sherry Ch~noweth, Director, Minnesota trict. and before our work as a commission is com­ Office of Consumer Services. Rhode Island pleted, I hope that I and other members of Miss<. '(ri the commission will have had the opportu­ Philip W. Noel, Governor. nity to meet with you all. Housewives Elect Lower Prices. South Dakota Mid-American Coalition for Energy Alter­ The late Chief Justice of our Government's natives (Clinton). Richard F. Kneip, Governor. Supreme Court, Earl Warren, used to say: "I Tennessee always turn to the sports pages of a news­ Missouri Public Interest Research Group. paper first to read about man's accomplish­ St. Louis Consumer Federation. Tennessee Consumer Alliance. ments before I turn to page one to read a.bout Montana Texas ma.n's failures." While that thought may Thomas L. Judge, Governor. John Hill, Attorney General. have been accurate some years ago, I ques­ Consumer Affairs Council, Inc., of Mon­ Texas Consumer Association. tion whether it is true today in the United tana. Texas Public Interest Research Group. States. Nebraska Vermont For many years now, the United States J. James Exon, Governor. Thomas P. Salmon, Governor. position in International amateur competi­ Consumer Alliance of Nebraska. tive sport has deteriorated. In my view, there Vermont Public Interest Research Group. are several principal reasons for this. Nevada Virginia 1. The other countries of the world have Consumer League of Nevada. Virginia Consumers Citizens Council. improved their level, quality and particlpa- October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34605 tion in international competitive amateur dispute or a player strike. Very few AmeTl­ the part of its athletes, their parents, and the sport at a rate fa.r in E!xcess of the improve­ cans could even tell you what team hand­ f.elfiess dedication of many of our coaches ments ma.de by the United States. ball or luge ls. and officials. The United States ls the only 2. The increasing preoccupation in the As an example and as you know, world country in the world which does not receive United Staites with professional sport has rel­ ohamplonsh!Lps were recently held in rowing, money directly from its government for egated amateur sport to an ever declining weightlifting and wrestling. Accounts of sports. It is all done throu:-h private and cor­ degree of emphasis. these sporting events were barely reported porate contributions. 3. Enormous confilcts among the organlza.­ in the American media. President Ford's Commission on Olympic tions which govern amateur sports in Amer­ An American athlete who participates in Sports needs your assistance, guidance and ica have hindered American sports develop­ these and other international sports ls there­ knowledge in order to succeed. The commis­ ment at the grass-roots level, have limited fore hardly appreciated because most Ameri­ sion may have to recommend that certain effective solicitation of financial support and cans do not even know if he or she exists. governing bodies are not the most represent­ have created a pattern of faclllty use based As international sports federations you can ative of a particular sport in America and upon jurisdictional rather than cooperative help to rectify this situation. By constantly that others ma.y need to be reorganized. If lines. promoting and scheduling international so, we want to design our recommendations I welcome the fa.ct that so many more competitions in your sport around the world, so that they a.re fully consistent with your countries are today presenting outstanding perhaps a change in direction can be ma.de. rules and the rules of the I.O.C. For these athletes for world amateur competition. But But success ls not possible unless the third and other reasons we must meet with each of I do want to discuss with you the other t;wo reason for U.S. deterioration, the present or­ the Olympic Federations during the course reasons for America's deterioration in world ganization for amateur sports in the United of our study to gain the benefij; of your Views amateur competition because it is here that States, is improved. It ls here that you can and we must have a copy of your statutes you distinguished ladles and gentlemen can also help. and regulations so that we may study them help and should help as presidents and sec­ Let me explain what I mean. Suppose the thoroughly. We have already had very good retarys general of your respective federa,tiions. United States wishes to send an athletics meetings with some of you. We wlll be in Professional sport has become the domi­ team to Moscow to compete against the So­ contact with the remainder of you soon to nant form of American sport. We have pro­ viet Union . As you know, such a competition arrange meetings. I do hope you will honor fessional teams and leagues in American would have to be approved by the I.A.A.F. our request. In the meantime, please send to football, basketball, baseball, athiletlcs, lee although the details of the competition a.re us a copy of your statutes and regulations if hockey, soccer football, boxdng, tennis, la­ worked out between the American and So­ you have not already. We have notified each crosse, golf, bowling and perhaps anothea- one viet affiliates of I.A.A.F. The U.S. affiliate of your national affiliates in the United or two I have forgotten. I do not quarrel with then sets about determining with its Soviet States that we are meeting with you and they the existence of these leagues and tea.ms. counterpart the date of the meeting and de­ welcome our initiative. They a.re all also in What I quarrel with are the results of this termines who the coaches and officials will favor of this commission and have stated situat ion. There seems now to be a growing be to accompany the team. Then it chooses so. appetite-.a.n apparently insatiable one-for the athletes based upon recent performances money in American sports, with a total em­ or from the placings of athletes in a. particu­ phasis on "how much" instead of "how lar competition. Now here ls where the TRIBUTE TO RAYMOND J. LANE, good", a. preoccupation with money instead trouble begins. The governing body asks RECIPIENT OF RED CROSS CER­ of quality sport competition. other jurisdictions governing our schools, Our newspapers and teleVision sports colleges and others to provide the athletes TIFICATE OF MERIT broadcasts assist in the development of this they are training and for whom they are re­ condition by focusing much of their effort sponsible. The organizations which are asked on discussions of professional sports players to provide the athletes too frequently de­ HON. FERNAND J. ST GERMAIN strikes, salary disputes, transfer of players cline to provide the athletes because they OF RHODE ISLAND from one league to another to earn more believe that they should have more of a voice money and professional sports organization in the governing body for the sport. The gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES owners moving their teams from city to city erning body refuses to give up much con­ Friday, October 31, 1975 unless demands a.re met or profits are trol and the result is that the athlete from healthy. In addition, professional sports do the schools and colleges ls denied the right Mr. ST GERMAIN. Mr. Speaker, on little to help amateur sports. This is self­ to represent his country against the Soviets. February 27, 1975, my constituent, Mr. defeating since it ls from the ranks of ama­ If he goes ahead and competes anyway he Raymond J. Lane of Cumberland, R.I., teur sports that our professional sportsmen may be denied further eligib111ty as an ath­ was working in the rear of the super­ come. lete at his school and his school may also be market he manages when a call for a TIMs ls not to say that our media totally punished. ignores all aspects of international amateur doctor was heard over the store's public We can conclude from this not-so-hypo­ address system. Mr. Lane rushed to the sport. The Olympics receive enormous atten­ thetical example that: tion every four years. There is also much 1. Athletes are used as pawns in the strug­ scene, found that a woman in an auto­ discu ssion in America that amateurism is gle among our amateur sport organizations mobile parked outside the store had ap­ violated throughout the world, that the rules for power. parently suffered a cardiac arrest, and, are not abided by in most countries and that 2. The American goal of building inter­ utilizing skills he had learned in a vol­ Americans are at a disadvantage in interna­ national understanding among peoples is unteer Red Cross first aid training pro­ tional competition because our professional damaged when less than our best athletes gram, immediately began mouth-to­ athletes cannot compete under the so-called represent America in competition. amateur rules. Some Americans even sug­ mouth resuscitation. By acting swiftly 3. By inference, the participation base ls and decisively, Mr. Lane had restored the gest we should not compete at all. I, for one, eroded because these organizations are so do not agree for although I am aware of vio­ preoccupied with combattlng one another victim's breathing by the time a local lations of amateurism in the world, I be­ rather than developing sport. rescue unit took her to the hospital, and lieve that the advantage of competition and It is because these conditions exist in ath­ there is no doubt that he saved her life. contact tm-ough sport among peoples of dif­ letics as well as other sports in America and This praiseworthy action qualified ferent nations serves the world community have lasted for too long that President Ford of nat ions very well. Raymond Lane for the Red Cross Certifi­ While I do not believe America has lost the formed the Commission on Olympic Sports. cate of Merit, which is the highest award competitive urge, the enormous preoccupa­ The commission's role is one of lnquiry-of­ given by the American Red Cross to a tion with professional sports in America and study-into the problems confronting Ameri­ person who saves or sustains a life using its attendant emphasis on money causes can participation in international competi­ tion in the olymplc sports. Our goal ls to de­ knowledge acquired through special Red these results: velop an organizational plan which sets Cross safety training programs. Ray­ 1. Americans are becoming ever increas­ mond Lane's compassion for another hu­ ingly a naition of spectators rather than par­ forth the best overall organization for ama­ ticipants. Huge stadiums are constructed to teur sports in America as well as the organi­ man being, and his quick reaction in a view these teams and individuals but Little zation for each sport. We will also be examin­ crisis-so crucial to the life of the heart or no money is available to finance a.maiteur ing the requirements for money, facilities, attack victim-qualifies him also for the sports and its required facilities. better coachin~ and other matters. gratitude and esteem of all citizens. 2. Very young Americans adopt profes­ American international amateur sports is Understandably, in Rhode Island we sonal s.portsmen a.s their idols rather than at an important juncture in its history. A are proud of this gentleman and, al­ some of the great Aimerican amateur sports­ decision must be ma.de regarding whether the United States wants to put its best for­ though a date for the award presentation men, as in the p&St. Therefore, these young by the Greater Woonsocket Chapter of Americans are not as motivat.ed to compete ward in amateur sports or retreat to being a as in the past. nation of professional sportsmen and spec­ the American National Red Cross, Woon­ 3. Young Americans never bear of ma.ny tators. America has done relatively well in socket, R.I., has yet to be announced, it of our amateur sportsmen because the media. amateur sports in recent years only due to is a very great pleasure to ask that Ray­ is too busy telling the public of a salary the great personal and financial sacrifice on mond Lane's story now be inscribed in 34606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD so that his Americans unfamllia.r with day-by-day de­ any of the so-called "bailout" plans that are good deed may be called to national velopments here about those painful meas­ gestating in Congress. Contrary to the Presi­ ures that have been adopted. dent's assertion, all of those plans involve attention. But it appears that Mr. Ford has not the tough restrictions that would compel New slightest interest in being fa.Ir or helpful York or any other endangered city to put to New York. its fiscal house in order as a condition for NEW YORK PAPERS RESPOND TO Instead, he has offered a "solution" which aid. PRESIDENT'S "DROP DEAD" l\.1ES­ would be ruinous to New York, and which The difference between the Ford plan and SAGE TO NEW YORK CITY many hard-headed financial experts-in­ those being advanced by concerned mem­ cluding some within the President's close bers of Congress ls that Congress is seeking circle of advisers-believe would send dam­ a way to help the city help itself back to HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN aging shock waves through the entire na­ fiscal health. The President indulges in tional economy. moralistic posturing from his shaky pulpit, OF NEW YORK as he recklessly waits for the city to foun­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES [From the New York Times) der, dragging state and nation in its train. Friday, October 31, 1975 PRESIDENTIAL DEFAULT • • • • • • PRESIDENTIAL PIETY Like a bemused stranger from another Although it was not clear that President Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, the place and time, President Ford yesterday Ford had a firm grip on just how his plan New York Times, the New York Daily addressed the contemporary crisis in urban to sweep up after a default would actually News, and the New York Post rarely America's largest city in terms of the politi­ work, he displayed a firm grasp of his own agree editorially, but yesterday each cal and economic dogmas of an 18th-century particular vision of sin and sinners. The reacted similarly to President Ford's rural confederacy. President's rigid and punitive moralism callous, irresponsible, and dishonest at­ Mr. Ford's "fair and sensible" plan for pierced several secondary targets-cities gen­ tack on our city. I would like to call my purging New York of its fiscal sins and re­ erally, pro:fiigate urban officials, doomsayers storing the city to solvency is neither sen­ and welfare cheats among them-before hit­ colleagues' attention to these editorials, sible nor fair. It does not begin to offer solu­ ting the principal source of his dismay, because they cogently point out the mis­ tions to the city's complex problems, let which is adequate funding for public pro­ statements and distortions in the Pres­ alone to the deeper national urban crisis grams designed to improve American society ident's speech. I would also like to bring of which New York's acute budgetary dis­ by meeting urgent human needs. to the attention of my colleagues the order is merely a symptom. Beyond announcing that New York has to Daily News headline of yesterday, which The President's pietistlc lecture on the swallow bitter medicine because it has been city's llls and his prescription for dealing bad, the President was in effect making a sums up President Fords' speech in the ringing and heartfelt reaffirmation of the following words: with them are based on a number of funda­ mental fallacies which his Aaministration fact that he has declared war on the country's [From the Dally News, Oct. 30, 1975 J has been promoting for weeks: most generous public impulses. The speech FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD New York's situation is unique and the was of a piece with his vetoes of health, education and child nutrition measures and FORD'S STAB IN THE BACK city's collapse would have no serious reper­ cussions on other cities which "simply have his continuing war against the food stamp President Gerald Ford made it abundant­ program. In his peroration, Mr. Ford warned ly clear yesterday that the White House been better managed." As we have often noted, New York's elected officials certainly that providing more benefits and services wants no part of any constructive effort to than the nation can afford would bring on a help New York City avoid default. have helped precipitate the city's present predicament through political chicanery and day of reckoning in Washington and asked, Indeed, the President seems to feel that "When that day of reckoning comes, who we ought to welcome insolvency as a healthy, fiscal mismanagement. But to reiterate that truism is no service now. Congress, and wlll ball out the United States of America?" purifying atonement for all our past fiscal What the President is really doing is wag­ sins of omission and commission. presumably the White House, have heard the testimony of Mayors from across the ing an intense and dishonest battle on the is­ With that in mind, Mr. Ford proposes to sue of national priorities. While his Defense "aid" the city by having Congress adopt a country indicating that they too are strug­ gling with many of the problems that have Secretary bemoans "savage" cuts which municipal bankruptcy law. He argues that would pare his budget down to a mere $90.2 it would afford New York breathing room for pushed New York to the brink. But, as New York is the largest city, the magnitude of its billion for the next year, the President is busy refunding its debts while maintaining es­ crisis is obviously larger and less tractable warning that spending money on social needs sential services. than any other city's-and the effects on the is the quickest way to perdition and setting This totally negative approach was ac­ nation correspondingly more profound and New York up as the horrible proof of his as­ companied by a great deal of solemn ser­ far-reaching. sertions. In a society strained by economic monizing on the city's abysmal record for New York's default would have no lasting inequality and not yet recovered from a ma­ waste, extravagance and financial finagling, effects on financial institutions or the na­ jor recession which has left millions still the lushness of its welfare-state programs, tional economy. There is an accumulating jobless, the President's comments ring with a the exorbitant salaries and pensions it has weig'ht of expert testimony to the contrary­ quaint McKinleyesque authenticity. For granted civil servants. enough, in our view, to convince any prudent once, he read a speech as though he really This recital of wrongdoing was nothing person that the President is taking unac­ believed it. less than a stab in the back of a great city­ ceptable risks with the fate of the nation A rational debate on how to allocate the a.n act of cheap politics that plays reckless­ in dismissing this indeterminate question limited resources available for urgent na­ ly on anti-New York sentiment across the so cavalierly. The fragile interdependence of tional needs is both fair and necessary. Mr. nation. a modern industrial society cannot be Ford, however, is employing emotionalism To further fan such feelings, Mr. Ford re­ brushed aside with slogans from an agrarian and thinly disguised antiurban bigotry to sorted to-gross distortions-in describing past. help him withdraw funds directed at those the proposals for federal assistance that Default could still be averted through local places where the nation's social fabric is have been offered. According to the chief ex­ efforts by city and state officials who have stretched thinnest and where acute suffering ecutive, we are seeking a straight handout "abandoned" New York on Washington's could well grow to cause severe social dis­ from the government so that New York can doorstep. That is an ignorant insult to New integration. continue on its merry, spendthrift way with Yorkers, of both parties and from many There is no question that funds available the rest of the country picking up the tab. walks of life, who have performed super­ to meet those problems are not unlimited. No responsible person who has recom­ human feats of rescue and reform, to keep But it is also beyond question that failure mended loan guarantees or other forms of the city afloat through the agonizing months to face up to those problems will not only federal help has ever suggested that the city of recurring crises. continue to devalue the quality of life for be given a free ride. On the contrary, the The Federal Government has no business everyone in this society, but could also pleas have been coupled with demands that intervening on behalf of a troubled city, bring on a different kind of day of reckon­ the city be required to make stringent econ­ a concept of federalism that has no constitu­ ing that Mr. Ford now has in mind. If that omies, and to repay within a reasonable time tional validity and which has been repeated­ day should ever come, it is doubtful that the any money Washington had to pay out. ly belied by Federal interventions on behalf President would find his simple pieties very Mr. Ford also chose to ignore, in a state­ of distressed communities, corporations, in­ helpful. ment given in a national forum, the-real terest groups and even foreign countries. and earnest efforts-that the city and state The President's plan for a court-managed have made to cope with our fiscal crisis. default could sustain the essential life of [From the New York Post) Not a word did he mention about the this city with only "temporary incon­ FORD VS. NEW YORK ••• Municipal Assistance Corp., the Emergency venience" to its citizens and at no cost to What President Ford seemed to be saying Financial Control Board, accounting reforms, the Federal Government. If it would work yesterday is that it is a waste of time to pay freezes, program cutbacks and the dis­ at all,_which is doubtful, Mr. Ford's vaguely throw a drowning man a life preserver; res­ missal of thousands of police, firemen and defined scheme would in fact result in a cuers shou'd instead practice artificial res­ other public employes. far higher cost to the Federal taxpayer and a piration. Put another way, he is telling us it Surely, in fairness to New York, Mr. Ford much deeper and more enduring Federal is costly alld unwise to prevent a building ought to have informed the millions of involvement in the affairs of the city than collapse; tl1e prudent policy is to come for- October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3'46071 ward after the dust settles with a. home sta.ntly challenged by the U.S. Conference of may be of special interest to schools or improvement loan. Mayors, which took special note of "the na­ community groups planning Bicenten­ That was essentially the policy self-right­ tional economic condition which bas brought nial activities. I would like to commend eously outlined by Ford before the National cities to current crisis.'' the B'nai B'rith for its fine work on this Press Club in Washington during a hastily Ford has resisted the most earnest, rea­ scheduled speech dealing with the New York soned appeals for a minima.I federal com­ outstanding project. City fiscal crisis. It was perhaps the lea.st re­ mitment to preventive measures. sponsible, most politically contrived and op­ His exercise in self-fulfilling prophecy was erationally barren program he has offered a. tragic abdication of his pledge to serve "a.11 since entering the White House. the people." SCHLESINGER ATTACKS DEFENSE Nowhere, in an address devoted exclu­ ... THE CHALLENGE TO CONGRESS BUDGET CUTS sively to New York's situation and la.sting La.eking any coherent or constructive guid­ more than 25 minutes, did the President ance from the White House, members of both HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON make a single reference to the extraordi­ the House and Senate return today to the nary emergency plan of fiscal reform and re­ task of forming a federal aid program to res­ OF MASSACHUSETTS habilitation that city, state and financial cue New York City-and to protect countless IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community leaders have developed and im­ others. But the very absence of White House Friday, October 31, 1975 posed here in recent months. direction may provide new incentives for Instead he derisively depicted them a.s un­ creative response. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, in repentant, incorrigible spendthrifts demand­ Judging from some of the early Congres­ view of the current White House em­ ing a. "federal blank check" to finance "pat• sional reaction, the President's plan to allow phasis on budgeting control, recently ently bad policies." default has sharpened the sense of concern He maintained that New York's confron­ dramatized by the President's announce­ and even outrage. There is an infinitely more ment that he would veto any legislation tation with default is virtually unique, aris­ acute perception of a New York City default's ing solely from the mismanagement of its potential fallout. designed to help New York City avoid government leaders, blandly ignoring the The formulas vary, even when such a mech­ default, I wish to draw my colleagues' fact that this city's pleas to Washington anism as loan guarantees are involved. Be­ attention to an article published in the have been echoed repeatedly by governors fore the President spoke, the Senate Bank­ Wall Street Journal, October 28, 1975. and mayors the country over. ing Committe's "compromise" plan appeared The article, written by Richard J. He projected only "temporary difficulty" punitive. It now appears even more ques­ Levine, exposes an underlying contradic­ or "temporary fluctuations" in the securi­ tionable. There is, for instance, a provision ties markets should default occur, despite tion in the administration's stringent that a. three-member boa.rd of Administra­ position on budgetary excesses. massive and mounting evlden~ that finan­ tion officials supervise city fiscal affairs: cial disaster would engulf other cities and what sense does that make when the Admin­ In the article Secretary of Defense, states. He decried the fiscal excesses forced istration has so little appreciation of the sit­ James Schlesinger, attacks the House ap­ by "pressure groups" in New York, less than uation now that it regards default as a. toler­ proved $7 .6 billion defense cut for the 24 hours after he had met with police and able event? fiscal year which started July 1, 1975. fire union leaders from this city who were In fa.ct, the most plausible, practical plans There is a certain irony in Mr. Schles­ rewarded with his public pledge that "es­ for New York's fiscal salvation have been inger's attack of the defense cut. Al­ sential services" would be maintained by drafted here by a.n a.ma.nee of public and Washington if the worst occurs. though the administration has repeated­ private representatives. Will Congress offer a ly stressed the need for absolute fiscal But none of the President's alternately serious challenge to the bankruptcy of the contemptuous and complacent observations White House? austerity, we are asked to accept the was equalled by his own reform program: proposition put forth by Secretary amendment of the federal bankruptcy law Schlesinger that the ceiling which we to permit "orderly" financial reorganization have established for defense spending is here after default. It would, he explained coolly, require that the city make good on BICENTENNIAL PROJECTS inadequately low. its debts and develop a. long-term program Mr. Schlesinger warns that such a re­ for lasting reform to recover from the con­ duction in defense appropriations will sequences of its leaders• "past folly." HON. LINDY BOGGS cause us to fall substantially behind the Yet it is precisely these objectives that OF LOUISIANA Soviet Union militarily. It is, frankly, the city and state reforms-the thousands IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES difficult to accept such forewarning from of job layoffs, the hundreds of millions in Friday, October 31, 1975 the same administration which char­ economies, the Municipal Assistance Corpo­ acterizes the grave consequences, predi­ ration borrowing program, the supervision Mrs. BOGGS. Mr. Speaker, I would like cated on a probable New York City de­ of the Emergency Financial Control Board­ to take this opportunity to call to the at­ were designed to reach. They were not con­ fault, as scare talk. ceived in Washington this week; they have tention of interested Members a new The President and Cabinet members been in place for months. There ls real hope, source of information for Bicentennial accuse the Congress of failure to act on given relatively short-term federal support, projects. issues compatible with national policy that they could forestall default and chaos The Anti-Defamation League of B'nai and goals. So, as we have acted in peace­ to follow. B'rith has just published a brochure list­ time to appropriately reduce the defense Yet the President has not only failed to ing their publications and audiovisual allocations, the Defense Department, acknowledge this conscientious effort. He materials which describe the struggles whose major programs were not affected has blandly claimed vital elements of the and the contributions of ethnic minor­ by the cut, has attacked the budget de­ same program as his own-with one incredi­ ities in America. The material includes ble exception. He will not apply it for the crease. This seems to indicate that the purpose intended: preventing default. He the histories of blacks, Jews, Italians, the present administration is irreparably would allow default to occur first, thus mak­ Spanish speaking, Indians, and countless divided in its interests. ing far more difficult the subsequent quest others within the American experience. The text of the article follows: for enduring stability. One of the titles available is ''West To SCHLESINGER ATTACKS DEFENSE BUDGET CUTS That time schedule is as inexplicable as Freedom," a color sound filmstrip pro­ BY HOUSE UNIT, SEEKS SENATE RESTORA· the President's assertion that the city and duced under a grant from the Amer­ TION state can still escape default by increasing ican Revolutionary Bicentennial Associa­ {By Richard J. Levine) taxes or reducing spending when they have tion which recounts the untold story of pressed both measures to the maximum. His WASHINGTON.-Defense Secretary James own plans for financing "essential services" min~rity groups who were in the country Schlesinger has begun a broad counter­ were left wholly vague. Asked for details during the Revolutionary period and of attack designed to keep Congress's new budg­ after his address, he fumbled uncertainly their participation in the struggle for et-review process from making sizable cuts and then declined to furnish any specifics. independence. Other selections of in­ in Pentagon spending. Who is kidding whom? terest are "A Brief History of Mexican The Schlesinger offensive has included a.n The realities a.re plain. The Ford Adminis­ Americans," "Black History: Lost, Stolen unusually harsh attack on the House Ap­ tration is not proposing to relieve New York's propriations Committee-a traditional bas­ or Strayed," "The Indian Heritage of tion of Pentagon support-and a steady ordeal but to exploit it. Women." The President's vision grows steadily nar­ stream of ammunition for use by the Senate rower. His astonishing announcement that In recognition of the pluralism that Appropriations Committee. Mr. Schlesinger the rest of the nation's cities are largely gives our Nation its great diversity, the wants the Senate panel, led by Arkansas "healthy," that New York is the only one B'nai B'rith is making available movies, Democrat John McClellan, to restore almost suffering from fl.seal malaise, was almost in- filmstrips, video tapes, and books which $2.6 billion of the $7.6 billion cut by the CXXI--2180-Part 27 3~608 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 House from the defense appropriations bill were, however, big reductions in money for CONSERVATIONIST OF THE for the fl.seal year that started July 1. operations and maintenance and some slow­ CENTURY In a five-page letter to Sen. McClellan, Mr. downs were directed in research-and-develop­ Schlesinger warned that if the House cuts, ment and procurement programs. which reduced the budget to $90.2 billion, COMPARISON TO SOVIETS HON. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS are sustained, "I can not assure that we will Mr. Schlesinger contends that if this pat­ OF WEST VIRGINIA be able to maintain an appropriate and stable tern of cutting continues year after year, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (military) balance in the future" with the combat readiness of U.S. forces will suffer Soviet Union. "Soviet military expenditures and the military balance of power will swing Friday, October 31, 1975 might be as much as 60% greater than our in favor of the Soviets. To dramatize his own" when pay for retired servicemen is case, the Defense Secretary chose this yeair Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, myna­ excluded from comparisons, Mr. Schlesinger to focus on the differences in military spend­ tive State of West Virginia is blessed by added. ing levels in the U .s. and the Soviet Union. Mother Nature with resplendence and FEAR OF NEW BUDGET PROCESS But the value of spending comparisons is magnificence unmatched anywhere, ei­ Such warnings are standard fare at de­ coming into question. Over the weekend, ther in the old world or the new. We are fense appropriations time. But the Defense Sen. WilUa.m Proxmire (D., Wis.) released determined to preserve its glories for the Secretary's blast at the House in a press con­ testimony on m111t.ary spending given last benefit of future generations, so that the ference last week for "deep, savage and ar­ summer by William Colby, director of the appellation, "Almost Heaven," may have bitrary cuts" isn't the Pentagon's normal Central Intelligence Agency. A spending meaning and substance through coming way of doing business. What prompted this comparison, Mr. Colby said, "reflects the gen­ unusual step, insiders say, ls Mr. Schlesin­ eral magnitude of the programs but it isn't ages. ger's growing fear that the new budget proc­ by itself a measure of military oopability. Habitually we honor our citizens who ess poses long-run dangers to the Pentagon. Equal levels of spending don't necessarily dedicate their lives and their talents to "Schlesinger believes the whole defense result in equal military effectiveness." the improvement of nature in all its as­ position is under real threat and that the dy­ Some congressional experts believe Sen. pects. This year our West Virginia State namics (in Congress) are different this McClellan's committee will restore some of Wildlife Federation has conferred an un­ year" because of the new budget procedures, the money eliminated by the House. Whether precedented title. It is not simply, "The a top Pentagon official says. "Once the such additions can survive on the Senate floor, where they would almost certainly pro­ Conservationist of the Year," but ''The momentum gets started, you wonder where Conservationist of the 20th Century." it will stop. So we're on the offensive. This vike a fight, is still an unanswerable question. isn't a game." Another imponderable is just how big a The recipient is Ted Fearnow, well The Defense Secretary believes the Pen­ price Mr. Schlesinger might end up paying known to all lovers of nature from Maine tagon lulled itself into a false sense of se­ for such a victory. There a.re many experts to California, from the gulf to the frozen curity about its budget prospects earlier this on Capitol mu who believe the Defense sec­ Arctic. year, when Vietnam was collapsing and un­ retary made a. mistake in openly attacking In the hope that Ted Fearnow's ex­ employment was a major congressional con­ the House Approprlations panel and its long­ time chairman, Democrat George Mahon of ample may inspire others to go and do - cern. In the spring, it was assumed that Tex&s. likewise, I offer a copy of his citation for lawmakers would be reluctant to make deep ''In the short run, Schlesinger might in­ the RECORD. reductions in the Pentagon's budget for fear crease his budget slightly but in the process MOUNTAIN STATE CONSERVATIONIST OF THE of sending out isolationist signals and driv­ could end up alienating Congress," a House ing up the jobless rate. 20TH CENTURY specialist in defense matters says. "He's been The West Virginia Wildlife Federation ea.ch Congress did follow this script in the early a. little heavy-handed." stages of considering the defense budget, year honors a small, carefully chosen group ma.king only modest reductions in the weap­ of West Virginians who have made outstand­ ons-procurement authorization bill. But ing contributions to the conservation of now that it is time to appropriate the money, game, fish, forests and other renewable re­ the protective effects of Vietnam and un­ THE LATE HONORABLE sources in the Mountain State. This year a employment seem to have worn off, and leg­ JOHN J. ROONEY special award is being added in a special islators working under the new budget proc­ category--emphasizing long service and dedi­ ess have been cutting deeper. cation. The new category: "West Virginia's HON. SAMUEL L. DEVINE Outstanding Conservationist of the 20th CONGRESSIONAL SPENDING LIMIT OF OHIO Century". Basically, the new budget procedures in­ The recipient of this award has been ac­ volve the establishment of a congressional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tively identified with conservation for more ceiling on federal spending a.nd appropria­ Friday, October 31, 1975 than a. half century. He began his career as tions and the establishment of separate tar­ a high school summer student working at gets for major categories of government ac­ Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, it is with the White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia tivity, such as national defense. The process deep sadness that I pay tribute to a fish hatchery in 1920. In subsequent assign­ ls intended to strengthen Congress' hand in friend, f onner colleague, and a gentle­ ments while completing his formal educa­ controlling the federal budget, helping it set man, Congressman John J. Rooney, of tion, he worked in the national headquarters national priorities. It seems to be worklng­ Brooklyn, N.Y., who departed this life of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries at Washing­ to the satisfaction of legislators and the un­ on Sunday, October 26. ton and on one of the early railroad fish happiness of the Pentagon-though with Because of failing health, and with ca.rs used to transport fish from hatcheries some start-up difficulties. to streams before the era of good roads and Most apparent is the confusion over reluctance, in June 1974, John an­ motor trucks. He studied the intricacies of whether the House-passed reductions would nounced his decision to retire at the end trout propagation at many famous hatch­ leave d~fense appropriations and expendi­ of the 93d Congress after 30 years of deep eries, ranging from White Sulphur Springs, tures above, at or below the congressionally dedication in this body. West Virginia to Leadville, Colorado. Later establlshed target for the national defense. During his lengthy tenure, John he was assigned to a warm water hatchery in This year, the lawma.kers didn't establish in­ Rooney served as chairman of the Sub­ South Carolina where he studied techniques dividual targets for various appropriations committee on Appropriations for the De­ for producing black bass. In 1926, he entered bills that make up the national defense func­ partments of State, Justice, Commerce, the competitive U.S. Civil service as a. full­ tion. As a result, a. group of liberal Senators the Federal judiciary, and related agen­ time employee of the Federal Bureau of Fish­ has said the House-passed appropriations eries. bill exceeds congressional guidelines by $932 cies. Always referred to as the "watch­ Two years later, in 1928, the recipient was million, while Rep. Les Aspln (D., Wis.) fig­ dog" of the State Department budget, he named first chief of the West Virginia Fish­ ures the House bill is $661 million below the was also an ardent protector of the Fed­ eries Division. He scouted strea.IllS of the guidelines. eral Bureau of Investigation, an agency state, located fish hatchery sites, designed And sen. Edmund Muskie (D., Maine), in which I proudly served for 5 years as and superintended construction of hatch­ chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, a special agent. eries and finally trained men from the game has told Sen. McClellan, who wants to add protector force to serve as the first hatchery $1 billion to the House bill, that it appears I had great admiration and respect for this great man, and he will be sorely managers. The recipient of this award re­ the guldellnes are being exceeded. But Sen. mained with the West Virginia. Ga.me and Muskie seemed to leave open the posslblllty missed by all who had the honor of Fish Commission for more than six years, re­ of com.promise. knowing him. To Mrs. Rooney, his turning to the U .S . Bureau of Fisheries under While the total House cut wss sizeable, it daughter and sons and other members of an appointment as Aquatic Biologist in 1934. is equally true the Pentagon didn't lose any his family, I extend my deepest sympa­ One year after returning to the Bureau of major programs in the paring process. There thies and prayers in their great loss. Fisheries the recipient of this award was October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34609 "loaned" to the U.S. Forest Service as a fish­ Semitic pronouncements. Anwar Sadat in his and neairly every Member of the House have eries advisor. Here he was active in promot­ young days was associated with the fanatical, gone on record condemning the resolution ing stream management as an integral part anti-Semitic Moslem Brotherhood. He was before the United Nations General Assembly of forest management. The Forest Service a major conspirator in the clique surround­ linking Zionism with racism. never "returned" the awa.rdee. Instead, they ing Nasser, who had attempted to arraign We are profoundly disappointed by the si­ promoted him to the post of Regional Biol­ Egypt on the side of Nazi Germany, and lence of President Ford in the aftermath of ogist in charge of both game and fish man­ Sadat had acted as liaison with the Third the Sadat remarks on Zionism, although he agement for fourteen eastern states from Reich during the war. In September 1953, has spoken out against the U.N. resolution. Maine to Kentucky including West Virginia. several news agencies reported that Hitier That resolution condemning the philosoph­ He was a. prime mover in creating coopera­ was still alive; on the basis of this report, ical foundation of the only viable democracy tive agreements under which the Mononga­ a Cairo weekly, AZ Mussawar, asked a num­ in the Middle East is the product of the hela and George Washington National For­ ber of Egyptian personallties the following poisoned pens of totalitarian regimes and ests now provide a million acres of managed question: "If you wished to send Hitler a police states that have no respect for free­ public hunting and fishing for West Vir­ persona.I letter, what would you write to dom or human dignity, which are basic prin­ ginians under joint supervision of the De­ him?" And twenty years ago the man who ciples of Zionism. partment of Natural Resources and the U.S. is now president of Egypt offered this re­ Signed: Forest Service. He also left a trail of accom­ sponse: Benjamin S. Rosenthal, Jona.than B. plishments of benefit to sportsmen in our MY DEAR HrrLER: I congratulate you from Bingham, Phlllip Burton, Robert F. neighboring states, Virginia, Kentucky, and the bottom of my heart. Even if you appear Drinan, Elizabeth Holtzman, Edward Pennsylvania. to have been defeated, in reality you are the I. Koch, William Lehman, Richard L. During a 30-year career with the U.S. For­ victor. You succeeded in creating dissensions Ottinger, Stephen J. Solarz, Charles A. est Service the recipient qualified for ad­ between Churchlli, the old man, and his Vanik. vancement under competitive civil service to allies, the Sons of Satan. Germany will win the post of Regional Wildlife Biologist and because her existence is necessary to pre­ later Assistant Regional Forester. At this serve the world balance. Germany will be point, he also became an early recipient of a reborn in spite of the Western and Eastern VETERANS DAY-1975 Nash Award for achievements in conserva­ powers. There will be no peace unless Ger­ tion. many once again becomes what she was. The This Wildlife Federation a.ward, first of its West, as well as the East, will pay for her kind, is made to Theodore C. Fearnow, better rehab111tation-whether they like it or not. HON. RAY ROBERTS known as "Ted," a native of Morgan County Both sides wlll invest a great deal of money OF TEXAS who has maintained a home in Berkeley and effort in Germany, in order to have her IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Springs throughout his far-ranging conser­ on their side, which is of great benefit to vation career. Germany. So much for the present and the Friday, October 31, 1975 Since "retiring" from the U.S. Forest Serv­ future. Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Speaker, although ice at the end of 1965, Mr. Fearnow has served As for the pa.st, I think you made some it is both fitting and proper that the Na­ as Director of National Affairs for the West mistakes, like too many battlefronts and the tion pause and pay respect on Veterans Virginia Wildlife Federation. He has worked shortsightedness of Ribbentrop vis-a-vis the as a consultant to game and fish clubs and experienced British diplomacy. But your Day to those who have given their lives as a land management consultant and advis­ trust in your country and people w1l1 atone that the ideals of our Nation might be or to industry. He is Chairman of the Middle for those blunders. You may be proud of preserved, it is also fitting that we recog­ Atlantic Environmental Council, serving having become the immortal leader of Ger­ nize that fully two-thirds of all those Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia. and West many. We will not be surprised if you ap­ who have ever donned the Nation's mili­ Virginia. He has served as West Virginia's pear again in Germany or if a new Hitler tary uniforms in all wars during the representative on the Potomac Ba.sin Ad­ rises up in your wake. past 200 years, are alive today. Thus, visory Committee at Washington under ap­ (Signed) ANWAR SADAT. pointment by Governor Arch Moore. Last the living veteran, as well as his dead year he spoke before an Inter-American con­ comrade in arms, is deserving of our ference of engineers at Toronto, Canada. on continued loyalty, respect, and concern. "The Environmental Aspects of Natural Re­ SADAT'S ATTACK ON ZIONISM AND These facts were highlighted in an source Development." He has been the au­ JEWS CONDEMNED address given by the Honorable Richard thor of many conservation articles, revealing L. Roudebush, Administrator of Veter­ in unmistakable ways his deep love for the ans Affairs, when he spake at the an­ Mountain State. HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL nual Veterans Day ceremonies at Arling­ For more than a half century, Ted Fear­ now has been a champion of conservation OF NEW YORK ton National Cemetery, October 27, 1975. and good resource management and he con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, I feel that Mr. Roude­ tinues to be an active leader in his profes­ Friday, October 31, 1975 bush's remarks should be of keen con­ sion. For dedicated service to West Virginia cern to all thoughtful Americans and I and the nation in conservation and resource Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, the respectfully request that they be placed management extending over more than a half recent comments here in Washington by in the RECORD: century, the West Virginia Wildlife Federa­ the President of Egypt attacking Zionism VETERANS DAY-1975 tion has designated "Ted" Fearnow "Moun­ and Jews are an insult not only to one of tain State Conservationist of the 20th Cen· Last year the President of the United tury.'' America's closest and most faithful allies, States led the Nation in observance of Vet­ but also to all Americans who believe erans Day by participating in these cere­ in religious tolerance. monies after laying a wreath at the Tomb of the Unknowns. SADAT'S LE'ITER CONGRATULAT­ Nine of our colleagues have today joined with me in issuing the following Earlier this morning the President was ING HITLER again here to lay a wreath, thus paying his statement in response to President personal tribute to veterans and once more Sadat's remarks: leading all Americans in a reverent salute HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN 8'rATEMENT to those who have defended and protected OF NEW YORK We deplore the virulently anti-Semitic re­ our country. marks made by Egyptian President Sadat at The President asked me to represent him IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the National Press Club this week. For a. man in the later ceremonies at the Tomb and in Friday, October 31, 1975 who claims to be a recent convert to the delivering the traditional remarks at this cause of peace, he has a strange way of ex­ gathering. Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, next pressing his newfound creed. I am sure you appreciate the honor I week President Anwar Sadat of Egypt Mr. Sadat's comments that the Jews of feel in occupying the spot he filled last year will address the Congress. I think, there­ Egypt "had our economy in their hands up and in being here in his place this morning. fore, my colleagues should be acquainted tlll 1950 or more" not only distorts Egyptian In the proclamation he issued setting with an important aspect of his past-­ history but also recalls the more blatant, aside this day, President Ford said: Mr. Sadat's collaboration with and ad­ though no less vicious, charges by Jew­ "Of all the important days to be cele­ baiters and haters throughout history. brated during America's Bicentennial, none miration for the Nazis. To describe Zionism as the cause of "bit­ is more worthy of special observance than The fallowing is an excerpt from the terness, violence, hatred (and) killing" in Veterans Day. Had not the patriotic men book, The New Anti-Semitism: the Middle Ea.st, as Sadat does, is to ignore and women, to whom we pay deserved and The current leader of Egypt has a long his­ history and deny truth. grateful tribute on Veterans Day, heard and tory of pro-Nazi sympathies and anti- In recognition of this, the entire Senate answered freedom's call during the pa.st 346U) EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 200 years, there would be no Amer!can Bicen­ for us to remember the bright victories that A SALUTE TO HUGH CAREY tennial of freedom." followed, thanks to the devotion and bravery I think it is inevitable ... and it is fitting of our fighting men and the spiritual and ... that today's events marking Veterans moral strength their country gave them. Day, events all over the Nation as well a.s This is a day, as I said earlier, for us to HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL here in the Capital, will be devoted to recall­ reflect on our heritage ... nearly 200 years OF NEW YORK ing our history and our heritage even more now as one people ... and to be thankful IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than in past observances. for those who have contributed to it. We are completing our two-hundredth year. The trappings of Veterans Day ... uni- Friday, October 31, 1975 It is a time for celebration. forms, cannon, military music ... have a. Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, in these It is also a time for contemplation, for martial characteristic that is both tradi­ times of rapid change and advancement considering how we came to be where we tional and understandable. a.re. But we must remember that Veterans Day this country needs leaders who have the And I think that, particularly on Veterans is a day of peace and that if it is to have courage to face the many problems at Day, it is a time for consecration ... for de­ full meaning for us it must be observed that hand and the strength not to succumb to claring ourselves to be up to the tasks that way. the demands of a few at the expense of face us if we are to not only keep intact but The day and the events that mark it took the majority in this country. to nurture and develop the rights, the priv­ their form and their original place on the The presentation of the Eleanor lleges and the institutions that fighting men calendar not because of wa.r, but because a Roosevelt Humanitarian Award to Gov. have defended and sacrificed for throughout great war was over. a.ll our generations. I think it is appropriate that we will soon Hugh L. Carey of New York State proves President Ford's proclamation recalls two return to that original date, not only because he is that type of a leader. In public and centuries of gallant service by our armed it has special meaning as a. da.y in the lives private life Governor Carey has been a forces. of nearly one million veterans but also be­ champion of humanitarian causes. I am One hundred and twelve yea.rs ago this fall, cause it is remembered as a. day of peace by sure my colleagues will remember the another President delivered what would have all Americans. governor's fine work on the Ways and been considered a perfect Veterans Day ad­ We have seldom known more than a. gen­ Means Committee while he was a Mem­ dress if there had been a. Veterans Day then. eration of peace during the last two centur­ ber of Congress. It was at a time when there was great un­ ies. The period from the end of the Civil certainty whether the Nation would last for War until the outbreak of the Spanish­ With this in mind I would like to in­ even one hundred years, when there was a American War ... the period that included troduce into the RECORD the full text of monumental and bloody struggle going on our Centennial celebration ... is the long­ Governor Carey's remarks upon receipt to keep the Union from complete and final est we have spent without going into battle. of the Eleanor Roosevelt Humanitarian dissolution. There is irony in this because we are a Award. I am sure my colleagues will In his speech he spoke of the obligation we peace-loving people. We have no desire to enjoy reading the comments of this dis­ have to those who died for their country: dominate others. We have no territorial de­ tinguished former Member. His remarks "It is for us, the living ... to be dedicated signs and our relations with other countries follow: here to the unfinished work which they . . . have been characterized by unselftshness. have thus far so nobly advanced. It is ... But we have learned that a desire for TEXT OF REMARKS BY Gov. HUGH L. CAREY for us to be here dedicated to the great task peace does not always bring peace. We have Thank you. remaining before us-that from these hon­ found that the cause of freedom, for our­ It is indeed an honor to receive an a.ward ored dead we take increased devotion to that selves and for others, often requires armed named after one of the greatest humanitari­ cause for which they gave their last full service by our citizens, their suffering and ans who ever lived. measure of devotion.... " their bloodshed. The only other wish I might have is to The "great task" that Lincoln spoke about Today we are a.t peace once more after have Eleanor Roosevelt here herself. She at Gettysburg was successful completion of recent long eras of combat. We pray that it could be helpful these days . . . to all of us. the Civil War and reuniting the country. We will last. She once said: "You gain strength, courage do not face such an immediate and dangerous This is a land of people with diverse out­ and confidence by every experience in which task today. looks and a wide range of tastes and inter­ you really stop to look fear in the face. You But we do face tasks and bear obligations ests. It is a country where a great variety are able to say to yourself, I lived through of citizenship. The Nation is ours to keep of beliefs and philosophies exists, where dif­ this, I can take the next thing that comes strong, to keep free, to keep true to its ferences of opinion a.bound. along ... you must do the thing you think principles. But I am certain that, if all Americans you cannot do." And, as Americans, we are governed by the were called on to state one goal the Nation We need people who believe that today . . . same moral imperative not to forget those must seek as we enter our third century, the people who believe problems can be overcome. who have given "their last full measure of goal of lasting peace would be chosen with People wllling to put themselves on the line devotion." near unanimity. to overcome them. The words Lincoln spoke at the resting And I am certain our people would mean People, in fact, like those who started this place of those who fell at Gettysburg are peace that ls more than the absence of League . . . who would not accept the word just as appropriate at this cemetery here war ... peace with justice and equality, a defeat, but fought back instead ... today. In fact, their meaning is enhanced by peaceful condition that promotes opportunity Who would not accept that those with the fa.ct that some 700,000 Americans have and happiness, peace with safety, peace with hearing impairments were unemployable, and died in battle since they were first uttered. freedom. started the first programs for vocational But Veterans Day is not just a day to honor The kind of peace for which Americans counseling and guidance and education. the dead. have yearned throughout the years and for People who believed that to reach those Forty-four and one-half million Americans which so many have served, sacrificed their with impairments when they were chlldren have worn their country's uniform during heal th and given their 11 ves. would give them a better chance, and started the last two hundred years. Two-thirds of Let us dedicate ourselves to that kind of the first program for children . . . them live today. peace for our people and for all peoples. Who believed that no one was too old to be There are 29¥:i million veterans in the Let us remember this day not just as a helped, or beyond contributing their part to United States. About forty per cent of all day devoted to history and past achievement, society at any age, and started the first pro­ adult males are veterans. but as a day when we looked ahead with firm gram for senior citizens with hearing im­ It is, thus, apparent that there is nothing resolution that there could be a future with­ pairments. numerically unique about being a veteran. out war, without war suffering, without war With individuals like thls in every area But it is apparent, also, that Veterans Day, dead. affecting the handicapped, we have turned if it were measured simply by the number of I will conclude these remarks by, first, people's attitudes around during the last persons involved, would be an important day. commending you for the interest that has sixty years. We have opened windows and This is a special day for all Americans, brought you here to participate in this event let the light shine through the myths of though, and I do not want to make too and, second, assuring you of my continued ignorance that enchained helpless thousands much of the statistics that pertain to one personal dedication to tbe needs of the men before these efforts succeeded. particular group of Americans. and women we honor here today. And today we can see the rewards of those Just as we would be making a mistake I join with my more than 200,000 colleagues efforts--the countless thousands of individ­ if we were to consider this just a day for at the Veterans Administration in pledging uals with impairments, trained for and per­ honoring the dead, we would be making a the best service we know how to give and, forming technical, highly skilled jobs. Men mistake if we thought of this only as a da.y beyond that, an approach to veterans pro­ and women performing at the highest levels. grams that reflects the great appreciation and Men and women contributing to this society of veteran interest and participation. respect the American people feel for those instead of being victimized by misfortune. This is a day for all citizens to be proud who have earned that service. That's what America has always been of America.. I thank you all for your interest in this about. Treating the least strong among us, This ts a day for us to recall our battles, program and my special thanks goes to those and by so doing making us, and this coun­ our dark periods of adversity. It is a day who worked so hard to arrange it. try, stronger in the process . . . educating October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 346Hi the children and the newcomers ... help­ GENERAL REVENUE SHARING federal revenue sharing, the Congressional ing the sick and the elderly. mandate was to "help assure the financial It is the kind of commitment no budget soundness of state and local governments austerity can ever cancel, as long as we be­ HON. RICHARD NOLAN which is essential t o our federal system." As lieve in this country. Because the basic a furither affirmation of Congressional intent, strength of this country is, and always has OF MINNESOTA Congress det ermined that the sound financial been, its people ... its most basic resource. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES condition of local governments in our coun­ I've just come from a meeting of the Friday, October 31, 1975 try was critical to their survival, and hence Emergency Finance Control Board. And the it provided that t wo-t hirds of t he general decisions we are facing for New York City­ Mr. NOLAN. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ revenue sharing moneys allocated to each as cities across this country are facing-are tional Association of Towns and Town­ state be provided to local governments and hard ones. But they are not ones where ship Officials has unanimously endorsed one-third to the state government. To d&te essential human needs are going to be of the twenty billion dollars of funds dis­ ignored. the reenactment of the general revenue bursed in the form of revenue sharing, ap­ We believe even in hard times there is a sharing program. General revenue shar­ proximately one billion or 5 % has been way to act responsibly. ing has succeeded in responding directly allocated to the townships in the United Unfortunately, at the national level we and effectively to the needs of small States. The more than three years of par­ see men wllling to gamble on people's lives towns and communities. By eliminating ticipation of 16,467 townships exceeded in for the sake of politics . . . who stlll believe redtape, it has permitted Federal funds number only by the 18,651 cities who have in the worn-out trickle-down theory, that if to reach small towns that would other­ registered a minimum of complaints and you put enough money at the top it will unanimously endors~ re-enact ment beyond trickle down to those who need it. wise receive no assistance. Further, it 1976 dramatically demonstrates that t he pro­ Who put oil companies and private corpo­ has reduced the need for increases in gram has been a success and ought to be rations ahead of jobholders and homeowners burdensome local taxes. continued. · and school children. Mr. Martin Sabo, Speaker of the Min­ At the outset, the National Association of We know where we stand on the issue. We nesota House of Representatives, has Towns and Township Officials and its con­ want to keep building schools and housing. compiled some convincing statistics re­ stitutent members believe that revenue We want to give the sick and the mentally garding the importance of revenue shar­ sharing embodies those original consti­ and physically disabled the help they need ing to State and local governments. In tutional principles of government by the . . . the help we owe them. We want our people which we will soon celebrate during neighborhoods, our cities, our very lives Minnesota, if we were to replace all the Bi-Centennial of our nat ion's birth . The wherever we live-to reflect our basic hu­ State and local general revenue sharing fundamental premise underlying the Ameri­ manity. We are not simply machines to funds which have come into the State, can federal system is a concept that govern­ make and dispense money. We a.re human we would be forced to choose between a ment must remain close to the people it beings who believe some things can't be bal­ number of equally disastrous options: serves. Within this system we suggest it is anced in a checkbook, but must come from First, increase individual income tax the townships and their elected officials that the heart. by 11.4 percent. are most directly in contact with their con­ And it's because you believe these things stituents, and we believe most responsive too and have demonstrated that commitment Second, increase corporate income tax to the individual communities' real needs. for 65 years of fine service, that I am proud by 71.2 percent. Federal revenue sharing encourages orderly to receive this award from you today. Third, increase sales tax by 30.1 per­ loca.,l planning since officials know in advance I consider it more than thanks for any­ cent. the funds they Will receive; its procedures thing I may have done. I consider it a con­ Fourth, reduce school aid by 16.7 per­ are elementary and recipient governments tinuing pledge, to do my pa.rt in continuing cent. need not employ additional expensive staff to to keep alive the ideals and the commit­ Fifth, reduce aid to local government.s cope with federally designed paper work. ments which Eleanor Roosevelt, and this by 86.5 percent. Of equal importance is the objective of League, best exemplify. revenue sharing to provide federal assistance Sixth, eliminate public welfare aid to to all units of general government in the families with dependent children. United States. Most other federal aid pro­ Seventh, eliminate all legislative, judi­ grams are targeted at one or another speci­ THE U.N. RESOLUTION ON ZIONISM cial and executive departments general fied level of government and each of the fund expenditures. hundreds of categorical aid programs ad­ Eighth, allow local government.s to dresses a par.ticular need thait may exist in raise property taxes by 10 percent com­ only a few jurtscl:ictions. One of the tragedies HON. CLARENCE D. LONG of categorical aid programs is the diffl.culty bined with a 4 percent increase in in­ OF MARYLAND most local governments encounter in identi­ dividual income tax. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fying the sources of the grants and preparing Mr. Wally Gustafson of the Natonal and coping With the applications in com­ Friday, October 31, 1975 Association of Towns and Township Of­ pliance with the diversity of federal regula­ Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, ficials recently testified before the House tions and procedures that apply to all of I protest the resolution by the United Subcommittee on Intergovernmental these programs. The result has been that Relations and Human Resources in sup­ too often only the more affluent, sophisti­ Nations' Third Committee which has cated and well-staffed units of government equated Zionism with racism, an action port of the General Revenue Sharing can compete successfully in such "grants­ that can only erode further the U.N.'s Program. Mr. Gustafson's remarks are manship" exercises. On the other hand, the usefulness. The Third Committee vote persuasive and noteworthy. I hope that association thait we represent applauds this is partly another example of the anti­ my colleagues will read this statement new federal revenue sharing program, being semitism which has lately acerbated the carefully and give serious consideration mindful that Americans in all communities debates of the U.N., and partly a coward­ to the extension of this important pro­ have basic needs that require public services gram. and assistance. ly surrender by many nations to the When the Federal Revenue Sharing Act was Arabs' use of their oil to manipulate Mr. Gustafson's remarks follow: enacted, it was understood that decisions world politics. There is a total disin­ REMARKS OF WALLACE GUSTAFSON concerning the use of federally shared reve­ genuousness in the "racist" labeling of Mr. Chairman and Distinguished Members nues would be made by the recipient govern· the Jewish people, who have suffered of this Committee: I am Wallace Gustafson, ments and not by the Treasury Department. centuries of persecution for their "race." attorney from Willmar, Minnesota and repre­ Priorities for the uses of moneys are or­ It is a further demonstration of double­ sent the National Association of Towns and dained locally and the citizenry of each speak that this resolution comes as part Township Officials. Joining w1 th me in this community hold their officials accountable presentation are members of the Board of for the decisions made. Township officials of a yearly review of the U.N.'s so­ Directors of the National Association who who are public-spirlted individuals that give called "Decade of Struggle Against Dis­ also represent the several state associations of their time for minimum, if any, remunera­ crimination." of townships and township officials from tion are in no position to go to Washington If the Third Committee's stand is throughout the Untted States. There are and roam the halls of HEW, HUD, DOT and not repudiated by the U.N. General As­ twen ty-one states in the United States thait other departments to coax aid out of these sembly, I would urge that the U.S. pub­ afford to their people the benefits of a town­ agencies laden with red tape. Federal pre­ licly question the sincerity of the so­ ship form of government, and most of these scriptions developed for universal application state associations of township officials are may be laudable, but we do not have the called "Decade of Struggle Against Dis­ members of the National Assocla.tion of time, patience or expertise to prepare the crimination," and indicate the possibil­ Towns and Township Officials under whose reams and reams of paper necessary to Justify ity of reducing the U.S. financial con­ auspices we appear before you today. and document our qualiflcatlons for the hun­ tribution to the U.N. until it turns its When ·the State and Local Fiscal Assistance dreds of possible grant-in-aid programs. We back on this kind of demagoguery. Act of 1972 was enacted establlsht ng general ln township government believe that town- 3461~ EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 ships and their elected officials a.re in a. better responsive and equitable tax in use---as well In a press interview, Lovejoy jubilantly position to determine the priorities of their as other fiscal and monetary tools that it stated: own communities rather than appointed of­ a.lone possesses. Additionally, the federal ficials far removed from us, especially since government has the primary responsibility The pubUclty given the trial was a great their decisions are subject to evaluation by for the management of our economy. H victory, and we've entered the issue of civll disobedience into the environmental move­ their constituents at the ballot box. revenue sharing is to remain true to its ment. Our association supports the growing ac­ original concept and is to serve its purpose ceptance of the principle that revenue shar­ of underpinning local budgets, it should not He was not retried. ing ls a necessary element in a 3-part federal be cyclical but a stable and continuing Lovejoy was present at the War Re­ aid mix. A well rounded federal aid system program. needs (a) categorical grants to stimulate and Mr. Chairman, we are honored to have sisters League meeting to discuss "organ­ support state and local programs and areas had this opportunity to present testimony izing against nuclear powerplants" and to of specific interest; (b) block grants to give and would be pleased to submit any other show a film glorifying his sabotage ex­ states and localities greater flexlbllity in material or data. which might be useful in ploit called "Sam Lovejoy's Nuclear broad functional areas of national interest your deliberations. For the remainder of our War." and ( c) general support grants (revenue allotted time, we invite your questions and Held at Park College in Parkville, Mo., sharing aid) to reduce intergovernmental will attempt to supply the answers to the the WRL reported that the principal aim fiscal disparities and to enhance the ablllty best of our abllity. of states and localities to meet their own was to develop "cooperation among paci­ diverse budgetary needs. fist groups, women's liberation, men's Those of us who work closely with state liberation, socialist's liberation, pacifist's governments recognize that s-tate revenue REVOLUTIONARY PACIFISM AND liberation, anarchist's liberation, (groups sharing with localities is a practice at least SABOTAGE: THE WAR RESISTERS interested in) the Middle East, nuclear a generation old, whereas fetleral revenue LEAGUE power, et cetera." sharing ls a new concept or experiment in The WRL's contempt for the moral our American political system. The public debate over federal revenue sharing ls in high standards of conservative religious gear and the greatest danger in evaluating HON. LARRY McDONALD groups was expressed in a report on the the program is to exaggerate its benefits or OF GEORGIA meeting by two leaders in these terms: condemn its shortcomings. Certainly the en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Our finest moments came during the off­ actment of revenue sharing has not ushered hours, however. After the beer was snuck out financial predicaments and crises in local Friday, October 31, 1975 past the watchful Mormon eyes of the campus governments nor has it produced a new gen­ Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. officials we adjourned to our rooms for party­ eration of free-wheeling spenders of public ing and to the corridors for some good old­ moneys because of the minimum of red tape Speaker, from the early years of this tlme radical songfesting. entailed in securing federal revenue sharing century, militant, revolutionary "paci­ funds. One of the most valued by-products fists" have considered sabotage a "mor­ The War Resisters League, founded in of this new federal program has been to ally just" act as long as directed against 1923, is the American section of the War reverse the trend of power and authority ac­ property. The revolutionary pacifists Resisters International. The WRL has cumulating in Washington at an ever-in­ consider as legitimate targets property or its headquarters at 339 Lafayette Street, creasing rate. facilities of the Armed Forces, the prop­ New York, N.Y. 10012, and regional o!­ There are many critiques that must be erty or facilities of corporations doing fices in Atlanta, Austin, Kansas City, and applied to evaluate this program. but we San Francisco. believe that the townships in America must business with the Armed Forces or the score high marks when one asks, "Has the Government, and various other inani­ WRL's parent, the War Resisters In­ program increased local decision-making, mate "symbolic" targets. In this they are ternational, a militant pacifist organiza­ increased citizen participation, properly no less a threat to the peace and internal tion active in some 60 countries, was or­ husbanded funds With a minimum of com­ security than the Weather Underground ganized by three Socialist-feminists­ pllance violations, and operated With de­ Organization which also regards its ac­ Jessie Walace Hughan, Tracey McGat, pendability yet fiexibllity in such a way as tions as "armed propagada" against the and Francis Witherspoon-from the to recognize and encourage the combina­ State. remnants of the anti-enlistment cam­ tion of national unity and local diversity that One of these revolutionary pacifist or­ paigns of World War I. From the begin­ has made ours the strongest of nations for nearly 200 years?" ganizations, the War Resisters League­ ning, the WRI contained a strong Marx­ We are sure that the virtues and merits WRL-recently held its annual confer­ ist element which saw capitalism and of the program have been outlined to you ence to develop new organizing issues now free market competition as the ultimate with repetition ad nauseam and little new or that Southeast Asia has been won by the cause of war. imaginative light has been cast on the sub­ Communists. A prime topic for discus­ From 1923 until the end of World War ject. However, we are now in October 1975 sion was the antinuclear power campaign II, the WRL's principal activities were and all units of government including the developed so successfully by radical en­ antiwar counseling and distributing anti­ various states, cities and counties have vironmentalist groups. Featured at the military literature. Various WRL activ­ urged upon you the importance of an early congressional decision about the future of WRL meetings was Sam Lovejoy, the ists served prison sentences for their continued revenue sharing. The need of admitted saboteur of a weather tower at draft resistance. townships to know about their future revenue a planned nuclear powerplant in Mon­ However, in 1947, at the beginning of sharing entitlements at an early date is tague, Mass. the Soviet Union's Cold War of aggres­ greater than their need for advance infor­ Samuel H. Lovejoy, 30, a member of sion, a Marxist revolutionary faction mation about categorical aids. Shared the environmentalist group, Nuclear Ob­ gained control of the WRL executive revenues become a part of the general fund jectors for a Pure Environmentr-NOPE­ committee which result.ed in the orga­ of townships which is not necessarily the and a resident of an organic farming nization's acceptance of its current rev­ case with other aids. These funds support commune formerly the headquarters of essential day-to-day service which in many olutionary viewpoint. cases would be eliminated or pa.id for with the radical Liberation News Service, sur­ WRL organizer Ed Hedemann dis­ higher local taxes should revenue sharing rendered himself to police on February cussed this process in an interview in terminate. As reported by the Department of 22, 1974, after toppling the $50,000 tower. the radical Atlanta tabloid, "The Great the Treasury, the program was intended to In a previously prepared statement, Love­ Speckled Bird," September 28, 1975: allow, along With other things, hard-pressed joy admitted "full responsibility for sab­ In 1947, there were a series of executive Jurisdictions to maintain essential existing otaging that outrageous symbol of a fu­ committee meetings, with resolutions call­ services, to reduce taxes or to prevent tax ture nuclear powerplant." ing for a more revolutionary viewpoint, get­ increases. After a 7-day jury trial in September ting people in the streets, having demon­ In this current period of national economic 1974, in which Lovejoy defended himself strations. There was even a call !or sabotage uncertainty and unprecedented deficits, the as having acted "in the public interest." of war industries, for taking food out of the economic situation at our local governmental groceries and distributing it to (the] poor. level is also severe where the problems result­ Before the case went to the jury, Judge ing from inflation and rising unemployment Kent B. Smith of Greenfield, Mass., di­ The War Resisters League organizer have reached crisis proportions. As distin­ rected acquittal on grounds that the in­ continued: guished from the townships, the federal gov­ dictment was faulty, having charged Dave Dellinger, Jim Peck, Dell Rudenko ernment has preempted many sources of Lovejoy with destruction of "personal" [!gal Roodenko?J, Bayard Rustin, and peo­ taxation and has a superior revenue-raising property rather than with "real" prop­ ple like them were 1n the forefront making instrument in the income tax-the most erty. WRL more revolutionary. • • • they started October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS '34613 resisting, not paying taxes, and saying the the Black Liberation Army or to send to Abraham Lincoln from some constit­ capitalist system was in fact a major cause weapons over, but to fight the military uents of mine, Mrs. Iva P. Goolsby and of war. in our own country, to get our oppres­ Mr. Vernon Phillips both of Cuthbert, The public record of work against the sive military and oppressive government Ga. I feel that the contents of the quote interests of America by those individuals and corPorations off their backs-get are very applicable at this time in our is prodigious. Rustin, a Communist Par­ Gulf Oil out of Angola, for example. American history and I would like to ty, U.S.A., member and Young Commu­ It is noted with interest, but without share it with my colleagues: nist League organizer in the 1930's and surprise that the War Registers League ABE SAID IT LONG AGO early 1940's, states he broke with CPUSA views Communist China's totalitarian "You cannot strengthen the weak by over racial discrimination issues. Rustin, regime with affectionate admiration weakening the strong. You cannot help small equating China's decentralized "villag~ men by tearing down big men. You cannot while serving as executive secretary of help the poor by destroying the rich. You the WRL, served from 1955 to 1960 as a lndustries"-which are run on a cen­ cannot lift the wage earner by pulling down secretary to Rev. Martin Luther King, tralized top-down basis by Chinese Com­ the wage payer. You cannot keep out of helping to set up the Southern Christian munist Party functionaries-with Gan­ trouble by spending more than your income." Leadership Conference. His career has dhi's proposed ideal pacifist society. "You cannot further brotherhood of man included support for a wide range · of The recent War Resisters Interna­ by inciting class hatreds. You cannot estab­ Socialist and left causes ranging from the tional Triennial meeting held in Noord­ lish security on borrowed money. You cannot League for Industrial Democracy wijkerhout, near Amsterdam Holland build character and courage by taking a way discussed a broad range of topics "re: a man's initiative and independence. You through the Peace Information Center cannot help men by doing for them what and the Medical Aid to Cuba Commit­ lated to Namibia-Southwest Africa­ they could and should do for themselves."­ tee. David Dellinger, one of the principal Northern Ireland, the Middle East In­ Abraham Lincoln. leaders of the so-called "anti-war" move­ dia, ecology, sexism, militarism and' con­ This was good philosophy then and ts still ment in support of North Vietnamese scription, arms sales, pollution and ecol­ good now. Communist aggression, has stated that ogy, nuclear energy, et cetera." Sincerely, he is a "Communist, although not of The WRI has elected as its new "chair­ VERNON PHILLIPS. the Soviet variety." Currently active with person," Myrtle Solomon of the British IVA PHILLIP GOOLSBY. several New Left publishing projects, Peace Pledge Union to replace retiring Dellinger shares with Rustin yet an­ Devi Prasad of India. It is understood that Prasad will soon be on a speaking other bond of emnity against traditional H.R. 66-FOR THE ANIMALS American values-a record of conviction tour of the United States to spread the for sexual perversion in public places. WRI/WRL "peace" line. In the late 1960's, the War Resisters WRL leader Ann Morrissett Davidon HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON League joined with WIN, a countercul­ rePorted that while the two previous WRI Triennials, whose themes were OF CALIFORNIA ture youth oriented magazine, with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which WRL commenced to build a wider "Liberation and Revolution: Gandhi's base. among the Marxist Socialists, an­ Challenge," and "Revolution: Prospects Friday, October 31, 1975 archists, and women's and homosexual and Strategies," were largely "caught up Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. liberationists of the New Left. in the exigencies of the Vietnam war." Speaker, on November 18 the Subcom­ During the demonstrations in supPort However, she wrote: mittee on Fisheries and Wildlife Conser­ of North Vietnam and the Vietcong ter­ This year WRI was more clearly seen by vation and the Environment of the House rorists, the WRL took an important or­ most participants as a trans-national Left­ oriented group ready to undermine not only Merchant Marine and Fisheries Com­ ganiza:tional role in the SPUSA-domi­ militarism but also capitalism, imperialism, mittee will hold hearings on H.R. 66 leg­ nated People's Coalition for Peace and multinational corporations, racism, sexism, islation I introduced which would' dis­ Justice--PCPJ-and its many predeces­ and totalitarian repression of any kind. courage the use of painful devices in the sors. In these coalitions, the WRL took trapping of animals and birds. I would a leading role in establishing the pat­ The War Resisters League is more and like to take this opportunity to thank my tern of "mass civil disobedience" and more focusing its attention on the anti­ distinguished colleague from California, "nonviolent resistance"-including the nuclear Power movement. WIN magazine BoB LEGGETT, who chairs the subcommit­ physical and psychological conditioning since spring has been featuring accounts tee, for recognizing the intense interest of militant pacifist "shock troops"­ of militant antinuclear demonstrations in this legislation by scheduling these which so greatly assisted the spreading sit-ins, and plant occupations in Europe'. hearings-the first ever since the incep­ of contempt for the laws created through Taken together with the presence of suc­ tion of this type of legislation. our constitutional, representative system cesful saboteurs like Sam Lovejoy at the The useless slaughter each year of mil­ of government. recent WRL conference, a new militancy lions of wild and domestic animals by the Hedemann's definition of the WRL's may be injected into the antinuclear cruel steel-jaw leghold trap must cease "nonviolent resistance" is enlightening Powerplan t effort-this being timed to and effective alternative devices must b~ as to the militance and fanaticism found coincide with a rising need for nonpetro­ found. H.R. 66 encourages both. among its members: leum energy sources for American homes In these days preceding the Novem­ The nonviolence we are talking about and industry. ber 18 hearing, I intend to provide for the is different from the old-style in which A wide range of militant environmen­ RECORD a series of factual presentations pacifists did not want to get their hands talist and Marxist revolutionary organi­ focusing on the inhumaneness unrelia­ dirty, did not want to get involved in zations have jumped on the antinuclear bility, and ineffectiveness of the anti­ a conflict situation. To fight causes of bandwagon and have so far with their quated steel-jaw trap. I sincerely hope war, w_e have to risk getting arrested, go­ attacks created a situation in which that my colleagues will take a few min­ ing to Jail where necessary, getting killed. nearly half of the planned U.S. nuclear utes each day to review these very in­ There are times when we must put our powerplants have been postponed or teresting stories. lives on the· line. canceled. The following is from the most recent Presumably sabotaging nuclear plant Let us see to it that forcible occupa­ publication of Defenders magazine: tion of construction sites and destruction facilities falls within the acceptable risk "A STAR SAYS No" of equipment does not add to the delay in category for the WRL. making America self-sufficient in energy. (By Mary Tyler Moore) The War Resisters League's plans in­ It was the end of a busy day of shooting. r clude organizing against all forms of was stopped at a red light on Sunset Boule­ defense spending, against military re­ ABE SAID IT LONG AGO vard. Suddenly there she was-a woman cruiting, and supporting the Communist­ sauntering a.cross the street in not just a sponsored "liberation struggles" in third leopard coat but a leopard hat too. Some­ HON. DAWSON MATHIS thing in me snapped. In my mind's eye I world countries. In this connection, OF GEORGIA didn't see that woman at all. I saw one of WRL states: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the most beautiful creatures in the world We sympathize with these movements, moving gracefully through hls jungle-and we want the same ends they want. What Friday, October 31, 1975 then I also sa.w his torment a.nd his agony. is most important for people in this coun­ Mr. MATHIS. Mr. Speaker, I recently It was too much for me. I opened the win­ try to do is not to run over and join received a copy of a quotation attributed dow. "Are you happy now?" I shouted. "Axe 34614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 you happy that you killed those leopards?" rabies and mange. It was an eye-opener. I She looked around. For an instant our eyes remember I received one letter calling me during the debate on H.R. 9005 Con­ met. "I hope you know," I said, "you look Mary Blyer Boore and suggesting that per­ gressman STEVE SOLARZ offered an awful." haps I would like to stand at a deer or amendment which would require the I don't know whether she recognized me or skunk crossing and see that the animals United States, over a period of years, to not. But I do know that, after our co~fronta.­ crossed safely. meet the United Nations goal of seven­ tion I trembled a. little--and I wa.sn t sorry. Such letters did not, of course, have the tenths of 1 percent of our gross national I w~ still mad. I want to say I'm not usually effect the other side might have desired. In product for development in the poorer one to make scenes like that. I'm no ca.use fact they had the opposite. I went on and areas overseas. monger; I value my privacy and my right to did a public service announcement for the free thinking, and I assume others do, too. I Fund, and this time my statement w y We are not now meeting that modest wouldn't attack a guest at a dinner party or strong. "Behind every beautiful wild ," goal, though following World War II we embarrass a stranger shopping, though I'm I said slowly, "there is an ugly story. I is did four times that much under the always ready to be vocal should the subject a brutal, bloody, barbaric story. The animal Marshall plan. come up. sometimes, however, my horror at ls not killed-it ls tortured to death. I don't The article from the New York Times cruelty and ignorance overwhelms my re­ think a fur coat ls worth it." that I am inserting in the RECORD here serve, and I have to speak out. Calling to that I believe we are winning. I really do. points out that Sweden is now devoting woman was one of those times. This is So many people are working to get the word 1 percent to foreign economic assistance. another. out; the truth is becoming harder and harder Let me begin at the beginning. I wish I had to escape. Most people by now have at least Some of the statistics from various always felt the way I do now about furs, but I an idea of the stigma of a fur. The people sources differ slightly, with some sources didn't. I grew up in a. normal middle-class I see and know have no desire to wear furs; indicating that the Netherlands is al­ family moving from Brooklyn to Los Angeles even at premieres and parties I rarely see ready devoting 1.2 percent. But what­ at an ;arly age. I was a kind and decent child, a fur coat or hat anymore. We're lucky in ever the minor differences in the statis­ like most children, and I dearly loved ani­ that our message seems to be falling on tics, what is clear is that many other na­ mals. Furs weren't worn in my family-there fertile times. Values are changing. We have tions are doing more than we are. were always more important things to buy­ more awarness of the concepts of equality We need to reexamine our expendi­ a.nd we certainly didn't need them for and rights. The people I meet are more sen­ warmth in Southern California. But fur is sitive to communication, have more of a tures, and where we can without damage beautiful and wonderful to touch. More than desire for a code and a philosophy to live to the defense of this Nation assist the that, it is a traditional symbol of a certain by and less and less of an interest in the developing nations with economic as­ success. So, when I bought my first mink outer "trappings." These days, status is sistance rather than guns and tanks and stole several years ago, I was naturally related more to actions and beliefs than to bombers, I favor doing that. pleased. It never once occurred to me that in what we put on our bodies. The article follows: Just ten years ago people weren't thinking order for that soft beauty to be on my back, [From the New York Times, Oct. 27, 1975) innocent animals had to die. so much about things like animal suffering. I believe it is the same with the leopa.rd­ Now, we're not only thinking about it, we SWEDEN MEETS THIRD-WORLD Am GOAL clad woman-in fact, with most people we are actually living and applying what we (By Bernard Weinraub) see wearing furs. Their imaginations have know. Take my business. I would never STOCKHOLM, October 20.--Sweden has not made the leap. They do not think that consider wearing a fur on the screen, no quietly emerged as the first industrial na­ the coat they are wearing rightfully belonged matter what the script called for. On our tion to spend 1 per cent of her gross national to something else, that the toy they are using show we've even gone back and removed old product on foreign aid. In doing so, she is to stroke their vanity is made out of the format shots in which fur appears. And I meeting a inajor demand placed before pain and death of fellow creatures. Someone keep an eagle eye on everyone~from guest wealthy nations by the third world. has to help our minds make that leap. stars to extras. If I seee anyone wearing fur, "We have made a conscious effort to try It happened to me when I first sa.w a film even if it ls just a walk-on, I go straight to to fulfill our obligation to the poor coun­ Cleveland Amory showed about the clubbing Leslie in Wardrobe and say, "Can you fix tries," said Premier Olof Palme. "We say, of the baby seals. I was as shocked as if I that women up with a decent coat?" 'What can we do to help you in your na­ had been hit in the face. I immediately called Whenever a scene involving references to tional effort?' We don't say, 'You do this or my local station to find out what could be animals comes up on the set, we are a.11 con­ that.' We let them declLondon Council "In these circumstances, the only appro­ April 17 by British Aircraft Corporation, show[s] that the [Concorde) may be the priate course of action for the FAA is to pre­ which advised us that the "Concorde is world's noisiest plane. On takeoff, Concorde pare a second or revised Draft EIS which, simply just another jet from the points of is six times as loud as the new generation hopefully, will adequately and completely view of both the passengers and the airport of quieter jets ... and three times as noisy consider the many important environmental, communities,"• and specifically that the as the veteran Boeing 707." (Emphasis social and economic impacts not adequately Concorde does not need "special control added.) dealt with in its first DEIS. This second Draft treatment." It was not until later that we The Boeing 707, of course, is one of the should then be circulated to the appropriate discovered the Concorde Appraisal Report worst of the present subsonic jets, in terms states, agencies, individuals, etc. for further By British Airways (1974) which candidly of noise. Suffice it to say that nothing in consideration and comment. Such a process advised the British secretary of State for the FAA's draft statement remotely tended should provide the basis for the preparation Trade, the Rt. Hon. Peter Shore, M.P., that: to convey this information. Indeed, the same of an adequate and complete Final EIS if "For payload and economic assessments, newspaper, the Post, read the draft impact the inadequacies and omissions noted in minimum safety fuel reserves have been em­ statement and concluded editorially that: New York State's comments, as well a.s those ployed, although regularity/punctuality of "As best we can make out from the data of others are properly addressed. The prepara­ operation, especially to New York and Wash­ available [i.e., the draft statement] the Con­ tion of a final EIS at this time would be ington, may be adversely affected by such an corde makes slightly less noise landing than premature and would effectively deny New approach in practice. do some of the 707s and DC-8s now flying York State and others an opportunity to "Land.on-New York • • • [I]f, in order to [ and only) slightly more noise than those comment on the [FAA's) assessment of all improve regularity of direct service to New planes make taking off .... " Post, April the relevant potential impacts . ..." 1 York, holding fuel is increased by 15 min­ 24, 1975. (Emphasis added.) In EDF's comments of May 6, we pointed utes, then payload penalties [are) estimated If the draft statemenths managed to fool out some of the specific ways in which the of between 6,000 and 11,000 lbs., i.e. 26/43 % the Post, it coud easily have fooled any other draft statement was affirmatively mislead­ reduction. non-expert reader. ing as to particular issues, especially the "London-Washington • • • Night de­ Ill. BEATING THE BLACK BOX ozone and cancer issue (pp. 2-7 of our com­ partures from Washington necessary in sum­ The FAA's draft statement observed off­ ments) and the noise issue (pp. 8-14). mer to avoid too large a payload loss due to handedly (p. 86) that "it may be possible Since la.st May, though, further informa­ temperature. (If holding increased at WAS to initiarte a tum after takeoff to a.void pop­ tion has come to light which shows that by 15 minutes, payload reduced to approxi­ ulated areas." (Emphasis added.) we-and the other parties who commented mately 13,000 lbs. sum.mer, 6,000 lbs. win­ This is the statement's only reference to ter)." 5 the takeoff maneuver by which the Con­ This same document adds that: corde proposes to "beat the black box" at Footnotes at end of article. "In order to minlm1se estimates of sector JFK, aid thus attain technical compliance October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34617' with the noise limit imposed on takeoff by chase or operate the Concorde. The FAA does revised statement must not only respond to the Port Authority of New York and New not have authority to require other govern­ criticism of the original DEIS but must also Jersey, the airport operator. ments to meet our airworthiness standards. broaden its unnecessarily and improperly Nothing in the draft statement describes "The special rule, F AB 121.255, requires narrow scope Oif impact analysis. A compre­ the maneuver itself. (This maneuver, as we that a means must be provided for the pre­ hensive and vigorous impact assessment understand it, ls a 26° bank turn, begun at vention or suppression of fire or explosion must be completed before any commercial an altitude of only 100 feet.) The draft state­ within the fuel tanks. The Concorde will not SST service is initiated. Such a statement ment omits such a description even though be fitted with a nitrogen-inerting system, must assess the environmental, social, and (a) the FAA was advised by the Port Au­ but that system is only one of many ways economic impacts of instituting commercial thority, on February 10, 1975, that: by which the aircraft might comply with the SST service in the United States, as well as "Since this procedure represents a depar­ rule. • • • [T]he FAA has not yet deter­ all reasonable alternatives to such general ture from those customarily used by sub­ mined by what method the Concorde will SST use. The limited and narrow scope of sonic aircraft, we have expressed concern attempt to comply with the rule or whether the FAA DEIS does not permit this necessary assessment. A major revision must occur to with its safety aspects;" 1 that method will be adequate. • • •" (Em­ and (b) at the time of the draft impact phasis added.) correct these shortcomings." 14 statement it was the FAA's "understanding In other words, if the Concorde were now As we pointed out in our May 6 comments, that as yet a final determination has not proposed to be operated by a U.S. flag car­ EDF believes that this procedure ls not only been made by either the pilots' groups in­ rier, rather than Air France and British Air­ equitable, but also, under the circumstances, volved or the government aeronautical au­ ways, it would be illegal because unsafe, for legally required. If necessary, we are willing thorities of the U .K. or France as to the lack of compliance with FAR 121.255. Yet to resort to legal action to enforce the rights acceptability of the proposed departure the FAA's draft impact statement made lit­ we and our members have in this regard, but procedure." s erally no mention of this point, and no one we would prefer first to submit the matter On July 30, the FAA certified the ma­ outside the FAA was able to comment on it. to your sense of fairness. Sincerely yours, neuver as safe 9 notwithstanding that (a) the V. OTHER ELEMENTS OF THE COVER-UP maneuver had never been described, much JOHN F. HELLEGERS, The foregoing list of issues concealed from Washington Counsel. less analyzed, in the draft statement (b) no public view by the FAA ls neither exclusive final inmpa.ct statement had been prepared nor meant to be. We suspect that there are FOOTNOTES which mentioned this maneuver; (c) the numerous other problems, just as serious or 1 Comments of the State of New York, pp. maneuver still had not been approved as more so, which were likewise never iden­ 6-7, transmitted under cover letter from Hon. safe by the British Airline Pilots Association; tified for public comment in the draft im­ Ogden Reid, May 23, 1975. (Emphasis added.) and (d) it was still being criticized as un­ pact statement. 2 Memorandum, Walter D. Kies, Chief, Plan­ safe by the International Federation of Air­ But the foregoing list is surely enough to ning Sta.ff, FAA Eastern Regional Office, to line Pilots Associations. The FAA thus at­ show that the State of New York was right APS-1, May 2, 1975. (Emphasis added.) tempted to remove entirely from the im­ when it said that the draft impact statement a PATCO News Release, Sept. 23, 1975. pact statement procedure a major federal ac­ was so inadequate as to "effectively deny New PATCO also observed that: tion which has significant environmental York State and others an opportunity to "[T]he problems of coordinating such a impacts,10 as to which there was substantial comment on the [FAA's] assessment of all plane [the Concorde] in the same sky as room for legitimate disagreement. the relevant potential impacts. . . ." 1a planes going as slow as 150 mph are im­ Moreover, neither the draft impact state­ mense ...;" VI. APPROPRIATE RELIEF ment nor the July 30 certification mentioned that "the possibility of delays to other fllghts one of the most important questions as to Under the circumstances, the proper thing can be anticipated;" and that "The Concorde the safety of this maneuver. That question to do is to issue the revised impact statement demands [a] disproportionate amount of at­ is as follows: The maneuver can be exe­ as a second draft, and solicit comments on tention" from air traffic controllers because cuted only on a takeoff from Runway 31L the basis of this (presumably) more com­ "perceptual judgments ... vis a vis the ra­ at JFK. It ls not claimed that the Concorde plete and candid exposition of the Con­ dar scope, will be increasingly different and can comply with the JFK noise limit-even corde's safety and other environmental prob­ difficult.... " Id. nominally--on any other runway. A certain, lems, meanwhile withholding action on the 4 Compare R.C. Collins, "Through the Blue significant portion of the time, due to wind Concorde for the brief period that this at Mach 2," Air Transport World, February, changes, a takeoff on Runway 31L w111 be procedure would require. As the State of New 1975, p. 33. Mr. Collins, a vice president for counter to the prevailing traffic pattern at York further pointed out in its comments: engineering, United Airlines, gives the fol­ the airport.11 What happens at such times? "This suggested course of action is a fair lowing description of a Concorde departure Will the Concorde attempt to take off coun­ and appropriate administrative procedure in from San Francisco International Airport. ter to the prevailing pattern, with all of the these circumstances. The preparation of a "I'm not sure wh81t kind of fllght rules they safety problems that this entails? Or Will second or revised Draft EIS for circulation have in France, but the crew paid little at­ the Concorde take off on some other run­ and comment is an established procedure tention to the 250 kt. speed limit that exists way, in frank violation of the airport's noise utilized by other Federal agencies. For exam­ below 10,000 ft. in the U.S. At 5000 ft. we rule? The FAA has never publicly acknowl­ ple, the Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) and were indicating 350 kt.; at 6000 ft. 400 kt. edged this question, much less answered it. the Department of Transportation (DOT) ATC [Air Traffic Control] seemed to accept :IV. FUEL TANK EXPLOSIONS have both utilized a two-draft procedure in this as normal for an SST." In August, 1975, we learned for the first a number of cases. In certain circumstances, The FAA's draft impact statement men­ time that: ACE and DOT have issued preliminary Draft tioned neither this speed limit nor the Con­ "The FAA has requested for safety pur­ EIS's and circulated them for comments corde's a.bllity or inability to comply with it. poses that the Concorde manufacturers in­ prior to preparing and circulating a Draft II British Department of Trade, Concorde stall a nitrogen-inerting system in the fuel EIS. In these cases, such a two-draft ap­ Appraisal by British Airways, Appendix A tank. The estimated cost for all Concordes proach was initially decided upon as being (1974). (Emphasis added.) A 6,000 lb. pay­ ls approximately 25 mill1on dollars. It also appropriate to ifulfill NEPA's requirements. load [sic!] is the equivalent, of course, of would probably result in a loss of one to "The two-draft EIS procedure has also thirty 200 lb. passengers, none carrying so two seat payload capacity. Discussions with been utilized in circumstances where the much as a briefcase as luggage. One is left the British and French have taken place federal agency had not initially planned to to wonder what the Paris-Dulles payload over the last year and a half on this prob­ prepare more than one draft. For example, would be "if, in order to improve regularity the ACE prepared a second Draft EIS for a lem." 12 of direct service ... holding fuel is increased Not until October did we learn the point proposed Vehicle Maintenance Facility in by 15 minutes," since the Paris-Dulles route of those discussions. See your letter of Octo­ Lower Manhattan after its first Draft EIS is 173 statute miles longer than the London­ ber 8 to Sen. W1lliam Proxmire, answering had come under considerable criticism for its Dulles route. questions which he had submitted: various omissions and deficiencies. The e The runway heat problem is one of air "Question: Will the Concorde manufactur­ United States Navy likewise prepared a re­ density. Air at 82° F., for example, is 7 % less ers install a nitrogen-inerting system in the vised Draft EIS, subsequent to its first draft, dense than air at 45° F., assuming constant fuel tanks? If not, why not and what be­ for its proposal to dredge the Thames River altitude. "This would correspond to about came of the FAA request that they do so? in New London, Connecticut and to dispose 7 % reduction in thrust, except that the • • • of the dredged materials by dumping in the [Concorde] engine is turbine-inlet-temper­ "Answer: The FAA suggested at one time ocean. Finally, the Atomic Energy Commis­ ature limited and so loses even more thrust that the manufacturers install a nitrogen in­ sion (now the Nuclear Regulatory Commis­ than that." Letter, Dr. Richa-rd L. Garwin erting system in the Concorde fuel tanks, but sion) prepared and circulated both initial to the undersigned, Oct. 16, 1975. the FAA does not specifically require that and revised Draft EIS's for the proposed 7 Letter, c. B. Pattarini, Director of Avia­ such a system be installed. The FAA has, Newbold Island Nuclear Facmty in the Dela­ tion( Port Authority, to Alexander P. Butter­ however, promulgated a special rule which ware River. field, Administrator, FAA, Feb. 10, 197-0. will have to be complied with prior to the "In the present case, the FAA should fol­ s Letter, Alexander P. Butterfield to C. B. issuance of a U.S. type certificate. The issu­ low these precedents and issue a revised Pattarlnt, March 7, 1975. ance of a type certificate will be required Draft EIS which fully corrects the many 9 Letter, James E. Dow, Acting Adminis­ only if a U.S. air carrier decides to pur- shortcomings of the first DEIS prepared. The trator, FAA to C. B. Pattarini. 34618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975

1 0 Section 101 of the National Environ­ special need arises for assistance with a spe­ in the movement, less visibility on Capitol mental Policy Act, 42 U.S.C. § 4331, twice cific legislator." Hill, less time to argue matters of health mentions safety as an environmental amen­ Then the big names are brought in from and safety before regulatory agencies and no ity which that Act seeks to protect. home states to make the personal contacts. funds to organize the grass roots, especially u A related question is whether the Con­ They a.re guided unerringly to the right doors on election issues. _ corde will be able to take off with a tail­ by the clocking, whirring machine in the The impact has been felt nationally in wind-not a headwind-on Runway 31L on chamber's headquarters. planned programs that never got off the days when, because of ambient air temper­ We have now cracked the secret code on ground. Most were intended to supply ature, it is already near its payload limit. the chamber's master computer, which sorts organizations with funds and expertise be­ This is another question which the draft the wheat from the chaff on Capitol Hill not fore the coming elections. impact statement failed even to suggest. by name but by number. To the computer, At the state and city levels the combina­ 12 Minutes of Interagency Meeting October for example, Senate Democratic leader Mike tion of no money-and in many cases smaller 10, 1972, on Regulatory Actions Affecting Mansfield is "80605" and Senate Republican memberships-is more obvious. Consumer SSTs, p. 2. These minutes were turned over leader Hugh Scott is "80851." Speaker Carl leaders say the money crunch is likely to be to us in connection with a. pending lawsuit Albert, who presides over the House, is felt locally in the following areas: Environmental Defense Fund v. Butterfield, "H0055." Utility rate cases and the expert testi­ Civ. No. 74-217 (D.D.C.) The chamber's chief defender on Capitol mony local public interest groups have 18 See text at note 1, supra. Hill, Sen. James R. Allen (D-Ala.), is deper­ provided. u. New York State Comments, note 1, supra, sonalized into "80036," while consumer Consumer representation on and before pp. 7-8. champion, Sen. James Abourezk (D-S.D.) local public service commissions. has been assigned the James Bondia.n code Lobbying before state legislatures on number of "80010." issues including prescription drug prices, AGENCY FOR CONSUMER The system works this way: milk marketing orders, hospital costs and Suppose the chamber wanted to put the PROTECTION no-fa.ult insurance. squeeze on pro-consumer Sen. Mark 0. Hat­ Consumer pressure on local candidates to field (R-Ore.). The computer opera.tor would endorse public-interest projects as part of punch Hatfield's code, "80451." The machine campaign platforms. HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETT would spit out the names of all chamber OF CONNECTICUT Eileen Gorman, executive director of the members who own businesses in Oregon and National Consumers Congress, finds herself IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who might be enlisted to join in pressuring hustling for dollars for the first time in her Friday, October 31, 1975 Hatfield. consumer-oriented career. But she says the The computer would automatically address NCC, which grew out of the meat boycott Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. Speaker, the tabs or envelopes to these key businessmen. of 1973 and has stayed alive on food and House is scheduled to consider on Wed­ Clerks would insert specially prepared energy issues, refuses to touch corporate nesday legislation which would create an chamber instructions, calling upon the money. Agency for Consumer Protection. I view businessmen to make personal phone calls "There's money in industry we could tap and write letters to Hatfield. The ones with into ... but there's no way we would tap this bill as a small but urgently needed the most influence upon Hatfield would be step toward correcting the tremendous into it because there are strings attached .... hauled to Washington for personal visits. Mobil Oil says we can have money. But how imbalance in lobbying strength that The chamber even encourages executives would it look to our constituency?" Gorman exists between consumer groups on the to enlist their employees in the pressure asks. one hand and business lobbies on the campaign to defeat the consumer bills that The alternative for NCC, which cannot af­ other. would protect the employees. ford the $20,000 cost of a mass-mail money Davis assured us there was nothing sinister campaign, is grants, both government and To help illustrate this, I would like to a.bout the chamber's computerized lobbying, place in the RECORD an April 23 article private. although he conceded the computer's codes So far, a winning streak in the grants­ from the Washington Post and an article and records were "confidential." which appeared in the Washington Star manship game has kept Gorman's group Davis said the system will merely cut mall­ alive. Grants from Consumers Union, the on October 28. The Post article gives a ing and clerical costs by getting out appeals Office of Economic Opportunity and some good picture of the overwhelming fi­ selectively instead of to the genera.I member­ ship. "It doesn't frighten me at all," he said. foundations have allowed NCC to st.ay in nancial capabilities of certain business business, if not to expand its operations. lobbies, while the Star article shows the Carol Foreman plays the survival game on trouble that consumer groups are having [From the Washington Star, Oct. 28, 1975] a. one-night-stand speaking tour. just trying to survive. I would ask my LACK OF MONEY PINCHES THE MOVEMENT-- "It's a. tough way to earn money. I feel colleagues to read and contrast these CONSUMERISM Is Now A LUXURY ITEM like somebody trying to make it in show articles 48 they make up their minds on (By Balley Morris) biz ... a. different town every night," Fore­ The cost of food stlll outrages it and man says. H.R. 75'l5. Rumors began to spread several months [From the Washington Post, April 23, 1975] cancer-causing substances stlll frighten it, but the preoccupation of the consumer move­ ago that Consumer Federation of America, LOBBYING ENTERS THE COMPUTER ERA ment these days is money-the la.ck of it. the organization Foreman runs and the larg­ (By Jack Anderson and Les Whitten) The movement is almost broke. It is living est of the consumer groups, might have to a precarious, hand-to-mouth existence de­ close for lack of funds. The delicate art of influencing legisla.­ That's not true, according to Forema.n. tion-ipopula.rly known as lobbying-has pendent largely on the survival instincts of its leaders, who scratch a.round for the few "The wolf may be knocking at the door in been moved a great distance from the days January 1976," but not this year, she says. when professional pleaders prowled the Capi­ public-interest dollars still left. The pickings a.re pretty slim during shaky Foreman's speaking tour and a large chunk tol corridors twisting legislative arms. of money received this past January from Today, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce uses financial times because most supporters of the movement come from the middle class, Consumers Union have given CFA "some a computer to keep track of the members of cushion" to ride out the bad months, she Congress who may need a little gentle per­ consumer leaders say. This means that a. $15 contribution to a consumer group is one said. suasion. The infernal instrument identifies But the CFA's future rests, in domino-like not only the legislator who may require some of the first expenses to be cut by a family trying to stay within a household budget. fashion, on the solvency of its sister orga­ quiet pressure but the businessmen back nization, Consumers Union. home who can best apply it. "Consumerism is a. luxury item during bad economic periods.... It's as simple as that," "We get money from 226 organizations but This scientific system is now being brought Consumers Union is our biggest piece of pie. to bear upon consumer legislation. With a says a Washington-based public interest lawyer. . . . If their money grant to us is cut down whirring of little wheels, the electronic mas­ we need 15 or 20 new !Un.ding sources and termind is helping the chamber to deploy its It is the government, always a fat target they are not available right now," Foreman forces most effectively to kill the Consumer for the lean, hungry consumer movement, says. which is now a major financial supporter Protection Agency bill. Consumers Union, which survived the The chamber's chief lobbyist, Hilton Davis, of it. has developed computerized files that list Most groups, while willing to alter their Great Depression and which has remained members- of Congress and the home-state activities to qualify for government money, the most solvent and visible of the consumer businessmen who have the most influence would rather die a natural, economic death groups, is now having severe money problems. over them. than grasp at the carrot of corporate money For its 1974-75 fiscal year ended last May, "What I'd like you to do," he wrote to cor­ which often is dangled before them. CU, which publishes Consumer Reports, an­ porate executives whose names went into the The effects of the lack of money on the nounced a "large and troubling deficit" of computer, "is indio:1.te those senators and work of the movement are sometimes subtle more than $3 million. representatives with whom your company and sometimes so obvious they are painful A lag in new subscriptions to Consumer has a constituent relationship ... That wlll for its members to see. Reports, which tests and rates products by permit me to signal the right people when Lack of money means fewer professionals brand name, created "an unprecedented drop October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3.46ll9 tn income," coupled with rismg costs for ceived hundreds of letters from individ­ a cabinet-rank officer. It will have an admin­ printing and mailing, CU said. uals who have been frustrated in their istrator and an annual budget equivalent to • • • money, and CPA which lost a major attempts to purchase safe and effective the Pentagon's budget for one two-hour portion of its CP financing-have been products at a reasonable cost. period-$15 million. curtailed. In contrast, the Department of Commerce's CU suffered staff layoffs during the fiscal Their frustration has generated a current budget is in excess of $1.5 billion. year ended in May and has deferred the variety of programs aimed at resolving Further, the ACA, if enacted into law, will planned construction of a new auto testing consumer complaints, ranging from be establlshed on a three-year trial basis facility. Nader's Raiders to televised "action only. In fact this blll has been so modified to In Washington, the layoffs reduced the pro­ lines." Yet within the Federal Govern­ .accommodate industry objections that Ralph fessional staff from five to three attorneys. ment, whose byzantine labyrinth of de­ Nader has said it is "honed down to its bare In the organization's newly opened West partments, commissions, and agencies bones." Coast office, there is only one attorney in On May 15 the Senate overwhelmingly residence instead of a planned three or four. would put Daedalus to shame, the in­ voted its approval of S. 200 but, in so doing, CU's troubles are one example of the effects dividual consumer has little opportu­ included an amendment that would pro­ economic uncertainty has on otherwise nity to redress his grievance. The time hibit the ACA from participating in any mat­ healthy organizations. Foreman, of the CFA, has come to correct this inadequacy, and ters involving agriculture until farm prod­ says many groups that are not on the brink I believe H.R. 7575 is the vehicle with ucts are in the hands of processors or re­ of folding ,are in a holding pattern, staying which to do it. tailers. Consumer groups are hopeful this alive until the economy gets better. Her own Last June, the Los Angeles Times limitation will be removed by a congressional group also is among them. conference committee following the bill's In the past, CFA, whose large membership featured an article which summarizes expected passage by the House of Represen­ draws on labor unions, rural electric co­ the need for and purposes of the proposed tatives. If this amendment remains, it means operatives and other consumer groups, has Consumer Protection Agency. I would the Agriculture Department's policies con­ shied from endorsing local and national like to take this opportunity to commend cerning DES in cattle feed, the routine ap­ candidates for office. it to my colleagues for their considera­ plication of antibiotics to poultry, pesticides This year it has set up a study group to tion. to produce, etc., cannot be addressed by the find the best way of mobilizing its large The article follows : ACA. membership to make endorsements, but Fore­ [From the Los Angeles Times, June 7, 1975] In speaking for S. 200, Sen. Abraham Ribi­ man says the money crunch "may affect our coff (D-Conn.) appears to have updated ability to do that." CONSUMER ADVOCATE--BUSINESS WATCHES President Calvin Coolidge's pre-Depression And because she spends at least one day a WATCHDOG BILL remark of 50 years ago, "The business of week on the road, she says she has less time (By Ellen Stern Harris} America is business." Ribicoff has said, "This to lobby and not enough staff to take up the Suppose you'd like to take a week off and bill is not anti-business. It is pro-consumer slack. That means "we should have spent go to Wa.shington, D.C., to give "them" a and what is good for consumers is good for more time lobbying against the Beef Research piece of your mind on an important con­ responsible businesses. It will make our gov­ and Information Act than we did and more sumer issue. If you're a businessman you ernment more responsive to the needs of the time lobbying in favor of no-fault insur­ might buy a first-class round-trip airline American people and thereby help restore ance," Foreman explains. ticket from Los Angeles for $488.73. And dwindling confidence in our free enterprise At the NCC, the effects of the holding you'd probably be prepared to spend at lea.s,t system." Some notable corporations are in pattern are similar. $100 a day on hotel and other expenses. agreement and are now endorsing S. 200. "We haven't had to actually cut out any You may, in addition, pay dues to a. trade A month ago, before ACA's passage in the program," Gorman says. But NCC did have to association to alert you as to exactly when Senate, President Ford requested that action postpone planned activities and spend less and how to take action in your company's be postponed on the bill. He said, "It is my time on others because of its stepped-up best interest. Further, you might engage the conviction that the best way to protect the fundraising. services of an attorney or lobbyist to enhance consumer is to improve the existing institu­ A program to provide technical organizing your effectiveness before whatever agency is tions of government, not to add more gov­ assistance to local groups across the country involved with the pending decision that con­ ernment." Proponents of S. 200 believe im­ had to be put a.side as was a legislative­ cerns you. Of course, all of these expenses provement wm only be achieved with the lobbying program which NCC lacks the funds will be tax deductible as part of your cost of creation of a full-time agency for consumer to put into operation. doing business. advocacy to assure such needed institutional "There are a lot of consumer groups Now let's suppose instead that you're sim­ improvements. Opponents of S. 200 claim around the country who are only working ply a very concerned consumer who wants to that Ford will veto the blll. Proponents fear at half speed because of not enough money," participate in the governmental decision­ they may be right. The President has not Gorman says. making processes that will affect your life, said what he wm do. Perhaps he's wating Even Ralph Nader is said to have some too. You could buy a ·round-trip coach ticket to hear from you. financial troubles in his multi-tiered opera­ for $346.73 and expect to spend a minimum tion. Nader was not available to confirm or of $50 a day for a not-so-great hotel room deny the rumor, which has circulated among plus other expenses. If you have children at LEGISLATION AMENDING SOCIAL others in the consumer movement. home, the cost of hiring a baby sitter must The annual reports of Public Citizen Inc. be considered, too. And, rather than receiving SECURITY ACT WOULD HELP . for the past three years indicate that public a tax deduction for ta.king time out and for STATES WITH RESPECT TO AFDC contributions, the main source of funding spending several hundred dollars to present for the Nader conglomerate, are up slightly the consumer's point of view, you will have from 1973, a depressed year, but still down lost a week's wages, if not your job. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN from 1972 levels. It's hardly any wonder that consumer rep­ OF rni;W YORK resentation in Washington is no match for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES industry's clout. For six years efforts have been made by underfunded, understaffed Friday, October 31, 1975 AGENCY FOR CONSUMER consumer organizations to help rectify this Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to­ PROTECTION untenable state of affairs. The legislation day to introduce legislation amending these groups have been seeking has been titles IV and XIX of the Social Security known as the Consumer Protection Agency bill. This year's version is called the Agency Act to provide that the Federal payment HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN to any State for any calendar quarter OF CALIFORNIA for consumer Advocacy bill, or S. 200. It does not create another layer of regula­ with respect to amounts expended dur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tory government but rather provides for sus­ ing such quarters as aid to families with Friday, October 31, 1975 tained, effective consumer representation be­ dependent children or medical assistance fore existing commissions, boards and agen­ shall be at least equal to 75 percent of the Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, land­ cies, as well as the federal courts, in matters mark legislation establishing an Agency expenditures made by the State for such affecting consumer interests. For la.ck of bal­ aid or assistance if unemployment in the for Consumer Protection will shortly anced representation, these federal agencies State as determined by the Bureau of come before the House. If enacted, this have all too often become captives of the very measure will provide American consum- industries they were originally set up to con- Labor Statistics in the Department of trol on behalf of all citizens. Labor exceeds 7 percent. ers with access to an agency which is The only way to get them back on the Presently, Mr. Speaker, the 26th Con­ directly responsive to their interests, and track is to have them regularly receive ex­ gressional District of New York which I which will represent them before exist­ pert testimony from an independent source represent, as well as the whole of New ing Federal regulatory and judicial whose sole accountability is to the consumer. York State, faces an emergency situation bodies. I do not think I need belabor the C"nlike the U.S. Department of Commerce, fact that such an agency is vitally which represents business interests so that has reached near crisis proportion. needed. As legislators, we have all re- thoroughly, the ACA will not be headed by In my district, Rockland County is $5 34620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 million short of meeting this year's wel­ amended by striking out "shall pay" in the evolve into reality, as well as the poten­ fare commitments and estimates that its matter preceding paragraph ( 1) and insert­ tial its residents feel this successful com­ ing in lieu thereof "shall (subject to subsec­ munity has for the future. 1976 budget may rise as much as 40 per­ tion (1)) pay". cent. In neighboring Orange County, the (b) Section 403 of such Act is further Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend county legislature has refused to borrow amended by adding at the end thereof the my remarks in the CONGRESSIONAL REC­ money to meet an apporpriation for sup­ following new subsection: ORD, I would like to include the following plemental welfare commitments. "(1) Notwithstanding any other provision statement which I submitted before the My proposal attempts to alleviate this of this section or of section 1118, the Federal Subcommittee on Housing and Com­ crisis by distributing costs on the basis payment to any State for any calendar quar­ munity Development concerning Jon­ of capacity to pay and by sharply re­ ter with respect to amounts expended dur­ athan, Minn. 's first completely new ing such quarter as aid to fa.mllles with de­ ducing the gap between States like New pendent children under para.graph (1) or town. York, which must under the present sys­ ( 2) of subsection (a) shall not be less than The statement follows: tem pay 50 percent of the costs of AFDC 75 percent of such a.mounts (determined STATEMENT BY REPRESENTATIVE and medicaid, and those States like Mis­ without regard to any ma.ximum on the dol­ TOM HAGEDORN sissippi that pay only 20 percent of their lar a.mounts per recipient which ma.y be Mr. CHAmMAN: I appreciate your invita­ AFDC costs. counted under such paragraph) if the rate tion to testify before this subcommittee con­ My bill does not involve any basic of unemployment in the State (as deter­ cerning the adequacy of the Title VII pro­ change in the philosophy that underlies mined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in gram and its administration as well as the the existing welfare system. Federal law the Department of Labor) exceeded 7 per­ problems which have arisen in my district cent during the second quarter preceding as a result of its having within it the first now recognizes that the basic economic such calendar quarter." federally guaranteed New Town in the health of a State should be taken into SEC. 2. Section 1903 of the Socia.I Security United States. The New Community of account when determining what share of Act 1s amended by adding at the end thereof Jona.than currently has a population of ap­ AFDC and medicaid costs the National the following new subsection: proximately 2300 people, 700 housing units Government should bear. What this leg­ "(1) Notwithstanding any other provision and approximately 1400 jobs in its flourish­ islation does permit is a more realistic of this section, the Federal payment to any ing industrial park. The community is lo­ distribution of costs on the basis of ca­ State for any calendar quarter with respect cated within the City of Chaska, and its po­ pacity to pay. to amounts expended during such quarter litical and service infra.structure 1s supplied as medical assistance under paragraph ( 1) by that City. The City of Chaska and the The current basis for determining the of subsection (a) shall not be less than 75 new community of Jonathan have worked Federal share of AFDC and medicaid percent of such a.mounts if the rate of un­ very closely over the yea.rs to provide a. costs, generally the percentage of a employment in the State (as determined by superior living environment for the people State's population with incomes below a the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the De­ moving into Jonathan; and the relations given level, is inadequate. First, it does partment of Labor) exceeded 7 percent dur­ between the publlc and private sector are not consider geographical variations in ing the second quarter preceding such cal­ almost a model of public-private partner­ endar quarter." ship. In addition to strong municipal sup­ living costs; and second and more im­ SEC. 3. Section 402(a) of the Social Secu­ portantly, this basis provides only a static port the New Community of Jonathan has rity Act is amended- a strong and viable residents• association picture of economic health, unrelated to ( I) by striking out "and" at the end of which has a remarkable record of working the economic cycles that so seriously para.graph (26), to achieve the established social goals of the affect the costs of relieving dependency. (2) by striking out the period at the end of New Community legislation. Jonathan ls an It has been estimated that my proposed paragraph (27) and inserting in lieu thereof outstanding mustratlon that people of dif­ formula would result in a substantial "; and"; and fering backgrounds, economic levels, and (3) by adding after paragraph (27) the races can live together in harmony and to reduction in State and local welfare costs following new paragraph: in as many as 38 States. In New York, the "(28) provide that no limitation on the their mutual benefit. It has been, I think, impact would be dramatic-a reduction number of hours which an individual may the leader of all the New Communities in in State expenditures during the current work (or other durational limitation on the carrying out the express goals of the original a.mount of work which an individual may legislation. fiscal crisis of approximately $700 mil­ Today and over the past two years, Jona­ lion, a reduction in city expenditures out perform) will be imposed (under the provi­ sions of the plan required by paragraph (7) than has faced :financial difficulties due pri­ of tax levY funds of over $400 million, and or (8) of this subsection or under any other marily to the unexpected death of its founder a reduction in _expenditures out of county provision of the plan or of this pa.rt) in de­ and principal investor, Henry McKnlght. Mr. funds of over $175 million, all during the termining the eligibility of any dependent McKnight's death understandably resulted current fiscal year. chlld, relative, or other person for aid under in changes in the investment objectives of I recognize that this legislation is an the plan.". that part of the ownership of the develop­ SEC. 4. The amendments made by this Act ment company. In addition, of course, the interim measure, a stopgap attempt to general economic environment in recent reduce the strain felt by States and their shall apply with respect to quarters begin­ nlng on or after the date of the enactment years has been very poor for the housing in­ localities, toward the day that we finally of this Act. dustry. I am happy to inform the Commit­ enact a more equitable and rational wel­ tee, however, that an experienced land de­ fare system. But something must be done velopment company is well along in its ne­ and it must be done quickly. JONATHAN, MINN. gotiations with Jonathan and the Depart­ I hope that the Congress, and particu­ ment of Housing and Urban Development in securing control and management of Jona­ larly those Congressmen and Senators than so that I believe we will see Jona.than who represent the States most adversely HON. TOM HAGEDORN go forward in achieving its original planning, affected by the current system of welfare OF MINNESOTA economic and societal goals. financing, will not leave the initiative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It is, however, distressing that the original solely to the administration, but rather objectives of the new community legislation will act quickly and effectively to bring Friday, October 31, 1975 have not been carried forward by the De­ to our States and local governments the Mr. HAGEDORN. Mr. Speaker, the partment of Housing and Urban Develop­ Subcommittee on Housing and Develop­ ment with the kind of vigor that Congress relief they so desperately need. envisioned. Since 1970, there has been little The full text of this bill is as follows: ment of the Committee on Banking, evidence of strong administrative support for H.R. 10489 Currency and Housing, recently held a this program. Over the past year or two, dur­ A bill to a.mend titles IV and XIX of the series of oversight hearings on the new ing a. period which everyone agrees has been Social Security Act to provide that the Fed­ community program authorized by the catastrophic for the development industry eral payment to a State for any quarter on Housing and Development Act of 1970. because of forces outside of that industry's account of aid to families with dependent In view of the fact that there is a title control, the department's support for the children or medical assistance shall be at VII-assisted new community in the Sec­ program has been at its lowest ebb. Gener­ least equal to 75 percent of the expendi­ ally, any support given has been too little tures made by the State for such aid or ond Congressional District of Minnesota, and too late. This is not to say, however, that assistance if unemployment in the State I presented testimony to the subcommit­ the New Communities Administration does exceeds 7 percent, and for other purposes tee about some of the growing problems not have dedicated people within it. I be­ Be it enactect by the Senate anct House this new community has encountered-as lieve, however, that without strong support of Representatives of the United States of the first new town in the United States, and interest from higher levels within the America in Congress assembled, Tha.t (a) its rapid rate of growth that saw the administratron, the New Communities Ad­ section 403(a) of the Social Security Act is hopes and plans of the town's creators ministration cannot be very effective in October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34621 meeting the challenges arising in the New In the last year we have seen a dis­ Sena.tor Charles H. Percy (R-Ill.), who Town industry. tressing indifference on the part of some opposed the amendment, wrote a. letter Congress enacted good and reasonably com­ urging Jack Brooks (D-Tex.), chairman of self-styled co11SlL"Iler advocates toward the House Government Operations Commit­ plete legislation when it enacted new com­ the rural poor. Nowhere was that indif­ munity legislation in Title IV of the 1968 tee, not to "include any such arbitrary ex­ Housing Act, and improved and expanded ference more blatantly exhibited than clusion for agricu1tural proceedings" in the that legislation through Title VII of the 1970 during the lobbying surrounding the House version (H.R. 7575) . Percy wrote: Housing Act. However, as has been previously farm bill earlier this year. If these same "This amendment . . . wou1d exclude the stated before this Committee, and I concur, groups intend to carry their "don't give consumer advocate not just from Depart­ the legislation a.s enacted, has never been a damn" attitude toward the rural poor ment of AgrlcuJture proceedings but from fully implemented in the manner envisioned many proceedings under the Food and Drug over into the operation of this new agency Administration, the Federal Trade Com­ by Congress. The comprehensive Title VII as the article suggests, I would be hard program has become almost solely a federa1 mission, the Environmental Protection pressed to support the upcoming legis­ Agency and other federal regulatory com­ bond guaranty program with a. few categori­ lation. I am perfectly willing to be con­ cal grants thrown in. missions and agencies. . . . The original reasons for this legislation are vinced that that is not so, but based on "The agricuJture exemption presumes that still compelling and even more apparent. We past experiences, I am dubious. the Department of Agriculture always are still duplicating urban environments The article follows: favors, and consumers always oppose, posi­ a.long the same lines as over the pa.st thirty or tions ta.ken by farmers. That is just not so. [From the Washington Star, Oct. 29, 1975] Moreover, the exclusion ignores the fact that forty years, and all of us can agree that must CONSUMERS STILL NEED CHAMPION be improved upon. Preservicing of urban de­ more vigorous action by the Department of (By Goody L . Solomon) AgricuJture, the Federal Trade Commission velopment was and stm is a. worthwhile ob­ and the Department of Justice in tracing, jective. Creation of New Communities which We're in for another round of price hikes on milk and dairy products and can't do investigating and prosecuting price-fixing contain their job basis and service for their and other anticompetitive situations in the people makes more sense than ever in view much about it. The minimum price for fluid milk (which food industry would benefit farmers as well of the energy problems which we face today. as consumers." We have barely scratched the surface of the is set by a complicated system of federal milk marketing orders) as of November 1 will be The House committee apparently agreed real potential of this program. with Percy and voted out a bill sans the We do have problems. But I believe we also $8.27 for 100 pounds, which compares with $6.80 in March. At retail, that $1.47 jump food exemption. It is expected to come to have many successes. We should expect prob­ the House floor on November 5. At that time, lems and we should do those things necessary translates into at least four cents a quart and in many localities more than that be­ consumer activists fear that, as happened to correct those problems so that we may in the Senate, the food exemption could be continue to make progress towards achieving cause: The U.S. Department of Agriculture tacked on. the goals and objectives of the original leg­ In any event, there are several differences islation. Perhaps we have found that the (USDA) sets the minimum price according to prevailing rates in Minnesota. and Wis­ between the House and Senate versions to limitations of federal participation are too embroil the conference committee. (The ad­ low to build a community. We certainly have consin but ea.ch of 56 regions around the country has a specified formula. for setting ministrator's term and exemptions for labor witnessed a lack of interagency and interde­ and broadcasting are examples.) partmental administration to help support its floor price which accounts for transpor­ tation and production costs and therefore Then, there looms a promised presidential the New Communities which have been ap­ veto regardless of specific provisions. Presi­ proved. Perhaps we should look toward leg­ usually is above the federal rate. In addition, dairy cooperatives set so-called "negotiated" dent Ford has argued that instead of spend­ islation which requires, at least on an in­ ing roughly $10 million a year on a. new terim basis, support from other agencies and prices (also referred to as "over order pre­ mium") which push retails still higher. agency, more attention should go toward departments. Block grants to governmental improving consumer functions throughout units containing New Communities should, Although the system of setting regional formulae allows for public hearings if USDA the bureaucracy. Supporters of the bill say I believe, receive priority consideration par­ that might be a. good idea., but it wou1d not ticuJarly where such local governments have ls petitioned to hold them and therefore consumers theoretically have the chance to mean real machinery for expressing the demonstrated by their action strong support consumer viewpoint. for the New Community in their midst. In present a case against certain price hikes, actually petitions for hearings come from in­ Moreover, Congressman Benjamin Rosen­ any event, I believe Congress should continue thal (D-N.Y.), earliest champion of the con­ its strong support for this program and dustry while consumer groups lack the ex­ pertise and resources to participate, accord­ sumer agency, has said that $10 million a. shou1d foster the partnership of the public year spent on a.n independent consumer ad­ and private sector in the development field. ing to Robert March of USDA's dairy divi­ sion. He said: vocate could save consumers more than $300 "We've been trying to work with consumer million a year in monopolistic overcharges, groups to help their representatives get bet­ unsafe products and such. ter understanding of the problems in mar­ If the bill reaches the point of a presiden­ CONSUMERS STILL NEED CHAMPION keting milk ... But it's a very difficult (sub­ tial veto, the next and toughest job would ject) and the groups lose continuity; often be mustering the two-thirds vote to over­ are unable to be expert in a number of dif­ ride. A loss there won't put this bit of legis­ HON. DAVID R. OBEY ferent areas (of consumer concern)." He al­ lation to rest. Ralph Nader has said, "While OF WISCONSIN so noted that the milk industry has econ­ the consumer bill has led a tortuous path through Congress . . . it ls an idea. that will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mlsts and laywers whose careers are devoted to milk matters. persist until enacted into law." Friday, October 31, 1975 March was attempting to show USDA's in­ Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, in the past I terest in helping consumers. In effect, he gave the argument of consumer activists who have supported legislation establishing have been struggling for almost ,a decade to SCHOOL LUNCH AND CHILD a consumer agency because I support the get a federal consumer advocate-an inde­ NUTRITION ACT OF 1975 creation of a mechanism which will pro­ pendent agency that would act a.s a spokes­ tect consumers against the various cozy man for consumers when U.S. departments relationships between the Government and commissions make decisions or promul­ HON. WILLIAM D. FORD and big business in this country which gate rules. The agency would deal with the have resulted in a lack of competition. gamut of federal proceedings regarding food, OF MICHIGAN But, I have just finished reading the household products, automobiles, advertis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing, airline rates, highway construction, mov­ article which I am inserting for reprint­ ing practices and the rest. Friday, October 31, 1975 ing in the RECORD. That article raises Since the late 1960s, bills to create such Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, serious questions in my mind about my a.n agency have passed either the House or under leave to extend my remarks ability to support the Consumer Protec­ Senate, never both. In the current session, in the RECORD, I include the following: tion Act when it comes before the House this embattled legislation a.gain faces tough SPECIAL REPORT FROM CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM next week. The article reflects an anti­ terrain. This time food regulations have taken the spotlight in the debates. FoRD: SCHOOL LUNCH AND CHILD Nu­ rural, antiproducer bias which will be, in Last May, the Senate passed S. 200 which TRJ:TXON Acr OF 1975 AS PASSED BY THE the long run, economically disastrous to wouJd establish an Agency for Consumer U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATXVES the country. If supporters of the legis­ Advocacy (ACA); however, the Senate also As a result of the President's veto of the lation envision the kind of know nothing voted for an amendment sponsored by School Lunch and Child Nutrition Act of intervention on questions involving pro­ Robert Dole (R-Ka.n.) that exempts from 1975 and the subsequent Congressional over­ ducer prices for agricultural commodities ACA's jurisdiction "any proceeding or ac­ ride, I have received a. lot of questions from which is suggested by this article, then tivity directly affecting producers of live­ my constituents regarding this legislation. I want no part of it. stock, poultry or agricultural crops." Because the debate was long and the issue 34622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 controversial, I would like to review the the three cent subsidy, and on another pro­ period of unemployment, so long as it meets history of this legislation. vision which required the service of a re­ the income eligibility criteria. On October 7, the House and Senate over­ duced price lunch to students from families In addition, my amendment directs the rode the President's veto of the School Lunch with incomes up to 95 per cent above the in­ Secretary of Agriculture to issue appropriate and Child Nutrition Act of 1975, which is come poverty guidelines ($9,770 for a family regulations requiring local school districts without doubt the most important child of four). to develop and make avadlable informational nutrition legislation in recent years. The The Senate insisted that we do away with materials, relating to the income eligibility Act, which became law, despite t he Presi­ the three cent provision and lower the in­ criteria for free and reduced price lunches dent's opposition, significantly strengthens come eligibility guidellne to 90 per cent above to local unemployment offices and to major the Federal programs which provide essen­ the poverty level. We refused. In Ueu of the employers contemplating large layoffs tial nutrition assistance to needy youngsters. three cent subsidy, we offered a compromise throughout the school year. Such a proce­ In addition to increasing the amount of Fed­ under which additional commodities would dure should serve to alert unemployed per­ eral assistance for the various anti-hunger be distributed this year equal to one cent sons to the potential eligibility of their programs for children, the b111 extends such per lunch on every lunch served, and that children to receive free lunches or to pur­ assistance, for the first time, to many groups we go to 100 per cent above the poverty index. chase reduced price lunches. of children previously excluded from pro­ This was rejected by the Sena.te Conferees. 4. Commodity Distribution Program.: The gram participation. We then offered a compromise under which necessary authority for the Secretary of This legislation does not contain all of we would recede on the three cent subsidy Agriculture to purchase agricultural com­ what I had hoped for, nor what I fought but insisted on 100 per cent above the pov­ modities for dona.tion to the child nutrition for during the last eight months. It is leg­ erty index as was the case in the House bill. programs and programs for the elderly is islation which I wholeheartedly support and, This too was rejected by the Senate Con­ extended. though I fought for an even stronger blll, ferees. 5. The Summer Feeding Program: The this is one of the best school lunch and We were, however, able to retain the 95 summer feeding program for children, which child nutrition bllls we have ever considered. per cent figure. In summary, in the last con­ I also sponsored, is extended through Sep­ THE LEGISLATIVE STORY ference, the House was asked to give in on tember 30, 1977, and specific reimbursement two points-elimination of the three cent The House version of the blll, H.R. 4222, rates are set. Advanced funding of the sum­ subsidy and the lowering of the income mer program is authorized and the program was a balanced piece of legislation which guidelines. We lost the subsidy entirely, but was designed to help in improving the nu­ is modified to provide that all meals served we were able to hold firm on the guidellnes. to the needy in the summer program are tritional status of all children. That blll, The bill was trimmed by $75 m11lion, and served wi,thout cost. Virtually all of the which was approved in the House over­ approved by both Houses. In spite of our whelmingly by a vote of 355-39 on April 28, problems which have traditionally plagued efforts, the President waited until the la.st this important program of summer nutri­ provided needed additional financial sup­ possible day (October 3) and then vetoed it, tion are remedied by this legislation. port for all aspects of the lunch program. thus insuring the greatest possible damage to Additional funds were to be provided not 6. The WIC Program: This program of pre­ the programs. Finally, on October 7, the veto ventive nutrttion assistance for pregnant only for the free and reduced program, but was overridden by both the House and the also for that portion of the program under and lactating women and their infants is Senate and the School Lunch and Child Nu­ strenthened considerably. The legislat ion which students pay the full price for their trition Act of 1975 became law. lunch. raises the level of funding to $250 million You will recall that this latter provision THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT annually and insures that the money is authorized an addit ional five cent subsidy on 1. The Reduced Price Lunch Program: As spent; increases the amount of administra­ each paying lunch during this current fiscal I mentioned above, the original House bill tive funds provided by USDA, and includes year. Just before the August recess, an agree­ required reduced price meals to be offered funds for nutrition education and starting ment was reached in conference which, in in every school and placed the eligibiUty ceil­ WIC program services. It makes the pack­ every detail, made substantial and impor­ ing for reduced price meals at 200 per cent age of high-protein foods for program par­ tant improvements in all the child feeding of the Secretary of Agriculture's "income ticipants more flexible to allow necessary programs. poverty guideline" (which comes out to $10,- variations based on health needs and cultur­ That Conference Report, like the original 020 for a family of four during the current al preferences, and increases t he age eligi­ House b111, was a balanced piece of legislation. school year). The Senate bill contained no blllty limit for children by one year (up to Twenty-four of the thirty Conferees on the comparable provision. the fifth birthday). Finally, it allows blll signed the Conference Report, on July 30 Essentially, the House prevailed on this mothers to receive assistance up to six weeks, af.ter the baby is born. with 19 of the 22 House Conferees agreeing issue, with the conference making only a to the Report. slight modification. The conference agreed 7. The Food Program for Residential In­ There was not one provision in that re­ to mandate the provision of reduced price stitutions: For the first time, children in port that any organization or person inter­ meals in schools, and lowered the eligibility residential child care facilities like orphan­ ested in nutrition and well-balanced and ceiling only slightly-to 95 per cent above ages and homes for the mentally retarded adequate diets for our children could have the income poverty guideline (or $9,770 for are made eligible for the school lunch pro­ justified opposing. The provisions contained a family of four). Because of this, an addi­ gram. The year-round phase of the special in that report (especially the five cent sub­ tional 2.2 million students w111 qualify fo! food service program for children is revised sidy on each paying lunch) were to keep a reduced price meal for which the price to to establish a. child care program for children the constantly rising prices of school lunches the student cannot exceed twenty cents. in nonresidential child ca.re institutions, Mld within the means of all children. In light of This provision will be of great benefit to the program is extended through Septem­ the overwhelming votes on H.R. 4222 in both children from low income working families. ber, 1978. Previously, children in such in­ the House and the Senate, and the compro­ At present, many of these children are paying stitutions had to suffer substanda.rcl nutri­ mises contained in the Conference Report, we 46-65 cents for a school lunch. tion assistance because of such institution's should have been able to expect prompt and 2. The School Breakfast Program: This leg­ inability to afford proper meal services. favorable action by both Houses. However, islation makes the school breakfast program on September 5, the Senate unanimously a permanent program. It also encourages the voted to recommit H.R. 4222 back to the expansion of the breakfast program to reach Conference Committee. There were no in­ more students, particularly those who qualify SUPPORT FOR THE AGENCY FOR structions with the recommittal. The discus­ for a free or reduced price lunch. CONSUMER ADVOCACY sion on the floor of the Senate indicated that 3. Free or Reduced Price Lunches for Chil­ the principle opposition to the Conference dren of Unemployed Parents: Provides that Report was related to the budgetary con­ any child whose pa.rents a.re unemployed cerns-and more particularly, to our agree­ shall be served a free or reduced price lunch. HON. JAMES V. STANTON ment to provide a three cent subsidy on This was amended, thereby watered-down OF OHIO each lunch other than a free or reduced in conference to require that in addition to prioe lunch. being unemployed, family income guideJtnes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The justification and necessity for provid­ would also have to be met. Friday, October 31, 1975 ing at a minimum a three cent subsidy was Current rates of income shall be used as clearly documented in the House debate on the basis for determining such income eligi­ Mr. JAMES V. STANTON. Mr. Speak­ H.R. 4222. All the studies which came to our bility. It was my concern that substantial er, I would like to bring to the attention attention during the course of the hearings numbers of children from families whose of my colleagues the statement in sup­ clearly demonstrate that a successful school parents have recently become unemployed port of the proposed Consumer Protec­ lunch program depends not only upon ade­ are not receiving the benefits of the free or tion Act which was authored by Dr. quate federal support for the free and re­ reduced price lunch program. Samuel S. Epstein of the School of Medi­ duced price lunch programs, but also on I introduced this amendment to provide adequate participation of paying students immediate eligibility for a free or reduced cine of Case Western Reserve University, in the program. price lunch to any child whose parent (head and was signed by over 100 scientists, When we went back to conference, it was of the household) becomes unemployed. The physicians and educators from all parts my position that the House stand firm on family would be eligible during the entire of the country. October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34623 the first regulation under the Poison Pre­ The statement follows: functions. The cost to the average American family for the Agency will be approximately vention Packaging Act of 1970, an Act which STATEMENT IN SUPPORT OF LEGISLATION TO 25 ¢ per year. allows FDA to prescribe childproof safety CREATE THE AGENCY FOR CONSUMER PROTEC• Many case studies were cited in recent packaging for hazardous household sub­ TION, JULY 7, 1975 * Congressional debate to illustrate the la.ck stances. The regula. tion took over two years As scientists, physicians and educators of adequate scientific, legal, and other repre­ to formulate. When finally published, the concerned with problems of preventive medi­ sentation of consumer interests in Federal FDA took the extra.ordinary step of solicit­ cine, and consumer health and safety, we ex­ decision-making processes. It is well recog­ ing the pharmaceutical industry for petitions press strong support for legislation to create nized that these processes are systematically for exemptions. Thereafter, FDA granted the Agency for Consumer Protection (H.R. subjected to pressures of special interests. A permission for non-compliance to three cate­ 7575). Similar legislation has already been series of v-aried examples, illustrnting the ex­ gories of aspirin products, and extended the passed in this Congress by the Senate (S. tent and scope of this problem a.re presented deadline for compliance by other categories 200). below. up until July 1, 1973. According to FDA fig­ The proposed Agency for Consumer Pro­ ures, approximately 800 children under the EXAMPLES RELATING TO THE FOOD AND DRUG age of five yea.rs suffer accidental aspirin tection would be independent and non-regu­ ADMINISTRATION latory. Uniquely, it would be responsible poisoning ea.ch month, and 90 % of these for representing the interests of consumers The FDA has repeatedly delayed imple­ would be prevented by special packages. menting its authority, failed to regulate (ex­ before Federal regulatory agencies, depart­ EXAMPLES RELAT:tNG TO OTHER AGENCIES ments and the courts, and to present facts cept in cert.a.in cases of proven human deaths from known products) and relied on The auto safety regulation decisions of the and arguments to Federal decision-makers National Highway Safety Traffic Administra­ as to how their various decisions would bene­ voluntary compliance from the indust·ry it is charged to oversee. Thus, in September tion Department of Transportation, a.re fit and ha.rm consumers, both directly and strongly influenced by the business emphasis indirectly. The Consumer Protection Agency 1972, the FDA finally classified all products containing hexa.chlorophene (HCP) as pre­ on initial sales. The industry loudly protests will additionally be provided with the means that safety features automatically increase to disseminate relevant consumer informa­ scription drugs, ending its extensive use in hundreds of over-the-counter remedies and cost (with the usual profit taken on these tion. features). Some safety features can be Modern industrial society places undue em­ cosmetics, but only after some 30 French children had died from exposure to HCP in adopted without increasing costs, simply by phasis on initial sales and initial costs of redesign of body work to exclude sharp and products and processes, rather than on prod­ baby powder. Experimental toxicological data on HCP had, in fact, been available to protuberant edges. Other safety investments uct lifet~me costs, including use and repairs, can be more than compensated by reducing and social costs, including environmental FDA from its own scientists for several yea.rs, and FDA admitted at the time of the action styling or other such frivolous investments. degradation and adverse effects on human Not to be discounted are the "penumbra'' health and safety. The Agency for Consumer that the centr.al nervous system lesions in these infants were identical with those in­ savings of insurance repairs, time lost and Protection would address itself to challenge accidents. But where is the consumer voice the technological and social basis for our duced in experimental animals. adequately protesting the 46,000 killed and throw-away economy, as embodied in nar­ FDA has resisted implementing the 1962 the estimated 4.6 million injured in one year, rowly-based decisions of regula.tory agen­ Drug Efficacy amendments to the Federal and the other social costs of cars? Would it cies, and thus assist in re-orientation to­ Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which re­ not be better to raise the cost of the car with wards an economy reflecting life-time use quire most drugs marketed after 1938 to be safety features and lower the cost of in­ and the wellbeing of society as a whole. proven effective. In 1966, FDA belatedly be­ surance and hospital bills? This has not been While numerous agencies, particularly the gan working on the law by commissioning proposed strongly enough by the present Department of Commerce and the Small the N.ationa.l Academy of Sciences (NAS) to government bodies, and the Agency for Con­ Business Administration, in one way or an­ report on the effectiveness of a representa­ sumer Protection could strengthen this con­ other, already support the positions and in­ tive group of drugs. The NAS found that some sumer voice. ~erests of industry, no agency of government 60 % of the drugs studied has not been In 1972, after a DC-10 passenger plane was is charged with the advocacy and protection proven effective for any purpose. Ta.king in­ involved in a near fatal era.sh, the Federal of consumer interests. Whether these inter­ effective drugs may not only cause serious Aviation Administration (FAA), Department ests relate to concerns such as clean air, auto side effects, but also reduces the opportu­ of Transportation, discovered the cargo door safety, meat inspection or land use, there ls nity to benefit from effective drugs. Thirteen was at fa.ult. The FAA drafted a directive no currently adequate mechanism for pre­ years after passage of the Act, FDA has still requiring the manufacturer, McDonnell­ senting the consumer perspective or the per­ ta.ken no regulatory action on 2,300 of the Dougla.s, to correct the defect. McDonnell­ spective of scientific and legal representatives 2,800 drugs found to be ineffective by the Dougla.s intervened directly with the FAA, of consumer viewpoints. NAS. successfully urging that the modification be . In recent Congressional testimony, an offi­ The failure of the FDA to institute an in­ ma.de voluntary, rather than mandatory. cial of the Federal Trade Commission stated vestigation of recalled pacemakers which Changes thus were not made on all DC-lO's. that business representatives out-number would have revealed that hermetic sealing In March 1974, a DC-10 crashed near Paris, consumer representatives by 100 to 1 in ap­ could have avoided unnecessary ha.rm or killing 344 people. The plane's door had not pearances before Federal agencies. The offices deaths. Sena.tor Ribicoff commented upon been modified, and this defect is believed of consumer affairs of the various agencies this: responsible for the crash. Had there been a. are small and relatively ineffectual, reflecting "The pacemaker incident showed great Consumer Protection Agency with power to as they do overall agency policies and pres­ neglect on the part of FDA. If there had been subpena documents in the course of this sures, and are clearly no substitute for an a consumer's advocate who could have informal agency activity, it could have sub­ independent agency, uniquely and solely pointed to the fact that there was another penaed manufacturers' safety testing records, charged with representing consumer inter­ good pacemaker devised by the U.S. Navy, indicating the extent of the danger, and ests. This is a critical deficiency in regula.tory we would not have had to recall thousands manufacturers' and opera.tors' records, indi­ practice, especially as the health, safety and and thousands of pacemakers. If there is one cating the extent of cooperation with the other interests of the consumer have been paTticular agency that needs the oversight voluntary rule. Pressure on the FAA to prom­ and can be massively influenced by the deci­ of a consumer advocate, it ls the Food and ulgate a mandatory safety regulation might sions and aotions of a wide range of Federal Drug Administration." have meant the difference between life and agencies including the Energy Research and On August 15, 1972, the FDA promulgated death to the 344 persons killed in the era.sh. Development Administration, the Consumer performance standards for diagnostic x-ray The Civil Aeronautics Boa.rd, according to Product Safety Commission, the Environ­ equipment, which would sig-niflca.ntlv reduce a recent report of the Senate Subcommittee mental Protection Agency, the Departments the major source of man-ma.de radiation ex­ on Administrative Practice and Procedure, of Interior, Labor, Housing and Urban De­ posur.e. The FDA subsequently extended ~he has for the la.st five yea.rs regularly violated velopment, Transportation-including the deadlme for compliance to 1974. Present its own rules, and sometimes Federal law, National Highway Traffic Safety Administra­ levels of radiation exposure from diagnostic while acting to protect the interests of the tion and the Federal Aviation Administra­ x-ra.ys have been recognized by a 1972 NAS airlines at the expense of the traveller. Vio­ tion-the Civil Aeronautics Board, and the committee as unnecessarily high, with s!g­ lations of the Boa.rd include closing of an Food and Drug Administration of the De­ nificant potential for reduction without im­ investigation on possibly illegal campaign partment of Health, Education and Welfare. pairing diagnostic benefits. These perform­ contributions by airlines, failure to follow By comparison with the Department of ance standards, which apply only to new "commonly accepted standards of fairness Commerce budget request for FY 1976 of equipment (and not to old equipment which and openness", and failure to hold hearings $1,738 million and the Small Business Ad­ often emits excessive radiation), came four on decisions not to grant new routes to air­ ministration budget request of $289 million years after passage of the 1968 Radiation Control Act, during which time several hun­ lines. the estimated budget of only $16 m1llion fo; The Cost of Living Council, now defunct, the proposed new consumer agency is ex­ dred million annual x-ray examinations were tremely modest and incommensurately low performed, with unnecessary risk from so­ in 1973 permitted domestic auto makers to in relation to the importance of its proposed matic and genetic efforts to both the patient raise their prices an average of $70 per car. and operator. Although the cost of this to the American * Revised draft of June 20, 1975 Statement. The aspirin order of February 16, 1972 was public was approximately $54 million per 34624 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 month in increased costs, the Council noti­ RAILROAD COMMISSION OF TEXAS for one winter's economic comfort for the fied the public of its proposed action only DISAPPROVES S. 2310 benefiting states. Senator Glenn mentioned one day before the deadline for requesting a.n severaJ. times that all energy resources should opportunity of appeal and only four working be shared, but this Act places no burden on days before the hearings. The Council also HON. JACK HIGHTOWER the benefiting states to contribute anything. failed to provide the public with the basic OF TEXAS The Act relies on government price control, information necessary to prepare meaningful severe penalties, and the equity power in comments. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES federal courts to force the producing states A Federal Energy Administration (FEA) Friday, October 31, 1975 into line, and effectively prevents free mar­ regulation issued in November 1974 mandated ket forces from working to solve our long that oil refiners treat refinery-fuel costs as Mr. HIGHTOWER. Mr. Speaker, the range energy shortage. The verbage in the a non-product cost subject to profit margin Railroad Commission of Texas, which Act assumes that large volumes of new gas llmitations, rather than as a product cost was established in 1871, is my State's reg­ are a.va.ila.ble and can be quickly put on which could be automatically passed through ulatory body for the oil and gas indus­ stream. The truth is that during the short dollar-for-dollar to the consumer. The FEA try. Its members and staff have few peers time frame of this Act the only gas that can decided not to make the new clarification in their knowledge and understanding of be quickly put into the interstate market is retroactive. The potential cost to consumers that gas which ls currently moving in the of that refusal ls estimated at $750 million. this complex industry. intrastate pipelines. Due to the very real Had there been a Consumer Protection The Senate has passed S. 2310 and has limitations of labor, material supply, and Agency, it could have urged the FEA to make now transferred to the House of Rep­ drllllng rigs this Act will not bring on stream the ruling retroactive. Increases in natural resentatives the resPQnsibllity for deter­ any unconnected gas from the Outer Conti­ gas prices are approved without adequate mining what course the Nation must pur­ nental Shelf or federal lands. Instead, it will consumer data. The economic impact is enor­ sue in assuring adequate and continuing do what it ls intended to do, and that is mous. In December 1974, the Federal Power supplies of this precious natural resource. take intrastate gas from Texas citizens and Commission set a nationwide rate of 54¢ We must act soon. We must act respon­ industry and move it into interstate com­ (including production taxes) per mcf of nat­ merce for the benefit of industry and citi­ ural gas. The previous rate set in Southern sibility. zens in the Northeast and Upper Midwest. Louisiana was 26¢ per mcf in July of 1971. Anticipating that we would be consid­ Fourth, S. 2310 sets up a nightmarish sys­ Calculating on the basis of 12 trillion cubic ering this critical legislation, Mr. Mack tem whereby five federal a.gencJes are to act feet of gas used by consumers, this rate hike Wallace, a highly respected member of quickly and harmoniously in securing, clas­ cost consumers approximately $3,360,000,000. the commission, wrote a letter to me giv­ sifying, and handling natural gas producers, The Consumer Product Safety Commission ing the most careful and detailed analysis transporters, and purchasers. Many poten­ has recently set permissible levels of 0.5 % of the original Senate bill I have seen. tial conflicts are built into the general au­ lead in paint, in spite of the overwhelming The factual information he presents is thorities contained in the Act. Based on past objecti.ons of expert independent scientists, and present experience with federal agencies, including the Director of the Center for Dis­ especially pertinent to our deliberations there is every reason to believe that the regu­ ease Control, who recommended maxima.I about this issue. I commend Mr. Wal­ lation proposed by this Act would simply re­ levels of 0 .06 % . This action places a.t risk lace's letter to the attention of my col­ sult in confusion and would paralyze the in­ thousands of children to lead poisoning, with leagues. trastate and interstate natural gas indus­ attendant potential massive social and eco­ RAILROAD COMMISSION OF TEXAS, tries. The chaos resulting from the FEO's nomic costs. Austin, Texas, September 17, 1975. attempt to allocate gasoline and fuel oil The Consumer Product Safety Commission Hon. JACK HIGHTOWER, would be nothing compared to the confusion delayed banning the sale of aerosol cans con­ House Office Building, and uncertainty that could be generated by taining vinyl chloride propellants, in spite Washington, D.C. this proposal. of the overwhelming data on carcinogenicity DEAR JACK: After studying the provisions Fifth, S. 2310 ls totally inequitable in its of vinyl chloride, until six months follow­ of Senate Bill 2310, I feel it is my duty to ex­ impact in that the benefiting states are es­ ing petition by a public interest group (The press a considered viewpoint on the ina.dvls­ sentially those fourteen states named in the Health Research Group) . a.b111ty of this type of legislative approach to Act, while the states for which a. sacrifice In the face of evidence that a.bout 5,000 our energy problems. ls demanded are limited to those with an deaths and 200,000 injuries result each year S. 2310 is wrong for several reasons. intrastate gas market-principally Texas. from burns associated with flammable fab­ First, the attitude of the bill's authors is The stated purposes of the act are to mini­ rics, Congress strengthened the Flammable that a gas shortage has suddenly hit us and mize the detrimental effects on employment, Fabrics Act in 1967. The Commerce Depart­ must be handled by emergency government food production, and public health, safety, ment, charged with administering this law, action for the immediate winter heating sea­ and welfare caused by natural gas supply waited four full years before establishing a. son. The same states named in the Act as the shortages. The fact is, however, that this strict flammability standard covering sizes principal beneficiaries have ignored over two special treatment is reserved for only those 0-6X of children's sleepwear. When the Con­ decades of warnings by Texas Railroad Com­ states served by a "priority interstate pur­ sumer Product Safety Commission was mission members and others that to follow chaser." Texas will be sacrificing once again, formed in April 1973, it inherited authority the Federal Power Commission policy on gas possibly permanently, for the benefit of the to administer the Flammable Fabrics Act pricing and the New England philosophy on identical consumers and states that orches­ from the Commerce Department. In despera­ imported oil would lead ·this nation into a trated the policies that precipitated the cur­ tion over the series of inexplicable govern­ gas and oil shortage and dependence on for­ rent energy shortage. Severa.I of the fourteen ment delays, a group of Boston parents of eign oil. Now that their actions have borne states named by Senator Glenn have refused burned children pleaded with the Commis­ fruit, these states refuse to even sample its to allow exploration for oil and gas or con­ sion for over a year to act. The Commission bitter taste, much less adopt a responsible struction of refineries within their bound­ took a full year to issue the flammabllity attitude regarding the utilization of the na­ aries or off their shores. There is no equity standard for children's sleepwear, sizes 7-14, tion's total energy resources. Instead, these available for intrastate high priority users, which the Commerce Department had finally states choose to punish producing states with and under this Act it ls entirely possible that proposed in March 1973--six years after the discriminatory legislation such as this Act. identical users will be treated differently. One Act was passed-and the standard did not go Second, S. 2310 provides no incentive to in­ in Texas on an intrastate line will be shut into effect until May of 1975. The Commis­ crease the nation's supply of natural gas. It off while another served by a. "priority inter­ sion has failed to issue any other flammabil­ merely provides a means of allocating exist­ state purchaser" pipeline will continue to ity standard proposed in earlier years by ing gas production-generally by taking in­ operate through the winter. The Act in­ the Commerce Department, or to initiate new trastate gas and diverting it into interstate cludes expiring intrastate contracts within st andards. markets. This Act is probably counterproduc­ the definition of "new natural gas,'' but no This miscellaneous and broad range of case tive in enhancing gas supply due to its bla­ mention ls ma.de of expiring interstate con­ studies illustrates the critical and . urgent tant use of federaJ. power to reallocate prop­ tracts. Producers tied to interstate contracts need to create the Consumer Protection erty rights, and to displace free enterprise will be left with the Federal Power Commis­ Agency to represent effectively the interests with legislative flat in meeting a national sion's policy against allowing abandonments of the consumer in Federal decision-making. problem. even after such contracts have terminated. By advocating broadly based consumer per­ Third, S. 2310 represents a myopic ap­ Sixth, by virtue of its status as having spectives and viewpoints, the Consumer Pro­ proach to the energy shortage faced by this the largest gas reserves in the nation and tection Agency can attempt to restore to nation. The authors have drafted a bill that being the largest consumer of its own pro­ the regulatory processes the necessary checks speaks to the upcoming shortage of gas this duced natural gas, Texas labor, industry, and balances which are inherent in the demo­ winter in their states as if it were the most schools, and future tax revenue could pay cratic practice and fundamental to our sys­ important problem facing the nation. They a tremendous price if this bill ls passed. This tem of government.-SAMUEL S. EPsTEIN, are willing tor the producing states to suffer bill seems to recognize what a maximum effi­ M.D. permanent damage to their natural resources cient rate (MER) means to a producing gas October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34625 or oil reservoir, but then with godlike sim­ replacement costs. Texas has suffered a loss Perhaps it is because some people still be­ plicity proceeds to adopt regulations specifi­ of oil reserves and tax revenue by the mis­ lieve that the disorder is a form of mental cally designed to require production at rates use and elimination of the Mandatory Oil illness. Though the full range of causes is in excess of the MER. And what's the trade­ Import Program ·and other oil price control not yet known, it has long been understood off? What's the cost/ benefit ratio for this techniques dictated by the Northeastern that epilepsy-which is charecterized by re­ permanent loss in the oil and gas reserves states. Texas citizens and consumers are pay­ current, chronic seizures (see page 16 for a of this nation? The benefit is jobs, heat, and ing higher prices for gasoline and refined thorough discussion of the condit ion and its light this winter for several states served by products because under the Old 011 Entitle­ treatment)-is not a. mental or emotional interstate pipelines. It is iron ic that an elect­ ments Program refiners in this state who use Ulness. But that knowledge has not dimin­ ed official in at least one of these benefiting Texas produced crude oil, (sold at a con­ ished the tenacity of the superstitions sur- st ates has stated publicly that he prefers trolled price of $5.50 per barrel for old oil) rounding the affliction. · freezing in the dark to marring the environ­ are forced to send money to refiners in the Nor did it stop R. V. Pierce, M.D., of Buf­ ment of his fair state with drilling rigs or Northeast who are dependent on foreign oil falo, New York, from confiding to his read­ offshore platforms. The cost to Texas of pro­ which costs $14 to $15 per barrel. Texans ers in the 36th (1895) edition of The People's viding this benefit is the permanent loss of would suffer more from either a large fed­ Common Sense · Medical Advisors in Plain oil and gas reserves. Since it would be very eral tax on gasoline or gasoline rationing by English {which sold upwards of 930,000 difficult to quantify the loss of recoverable virtue of the fact that Texas is a large state copies) that, "The predisposing causes [of reserves in a reservoir until that reservoir is and Texans travel more miles per ca.pita. per epilepsy) are an hereditary tendency to the depleted, the stated compensation for such year than the citizens of states located in disease, and everything which impairs the damage through federal condemnation prq­ the Northeast and Upper Midwest. The cost constitution and produces nervous prostra­ ceedings is rather hollow. Texas w1ll lose to Texas of underwriting the benefits sought tion and irritability. Syphilis, phimosis [con­ substantial amounts of tax revenue if its re­ by these same consuming states in S. 2310 striction of the penis), sexual abuses, uterine serves of oil and gas are reduced. In addi­ has been outlined above. I believe the citizens disease, and the use of alcoholic liquors are tion, Texas will suffer the loss of royalty in­ of this state are entitled to have all their prominent predisposing causes. Many of the come from both state and school lands. In elected officials exert every effort to prevent cases treated by us have been brought on addition to the reservoir damage possible this great state from being once again served by masturbation. Others are the results of from exceeding a reservoir's MER, Texas up as a sacrificial lamb on yet another altar injuries to the head. . . . The exciting causes would lose tremendous amounts of hydro­ of federal regulation. include everything which disturbs the equi­ carbons if gas being used for pressure main­ Sincerely, librium of the nervous system . . . indigest­ tenance or recycling were diverted into in­ MACK WALLACE, ible particles of food, intestinal worms . . . terstate markets. The bill contains no provi­ Commissioner. grief, anger, constipation ... malaria, and sion for protecting pressure maintenance disease of the kidneys or liver." gas, recycling gas, or lease use gas. The bur­ Except for his reference to head injuries, den placed on the Texas Railroad Com.mis­ Dr. Pierce's statements were utter nonsense. sion to establish an MER or a temporary EPILEPSY: FOUR MILLION AMERI­ But his pronouncements, and those of others emergency production rate for all oil and gas CANS SHOULD NOT HAVE TO LIE like him, were popular and reinforced the fields in Texas would be very difflcul t to ac­ misconceptions that exist even today. In­ complish within the forty-five day period ABOUT THEIR HEALTH deed, epilepsy has been attributed to every­ allowed in the Act. Since production in ex­ thing from lizards in the brain to radioac­ cess of a. reservoir's MER constitutes waste tive fallout, and one in every seven Amer­ in that it leaves recoverable hydrocarbons HON. JAMES F. HASTINGS icans still believes that it is a form of in the ground, this Act represents a direct OF NEW YORK insanity. attack on the Texas Railroad Com.mission's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES According to David A. Kahn, M.D., a psy­ conservation responsibility as outlined in the chiatrist at the Children's Service Center of Texas Constitution. Friday, October 31, 1975 Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania, such prej­ Lastly, the Texas economy is energy in­ Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Speaker, under udices reflect basic human fears. "Even if tensive, and the massive chemical and petro­ the leave to extend my remarks in the the idea of 'demonic possession' no longer has many adherents,'' he explains, "epilepsy chemical complexes along the Texas Gulf RECORD, I include the following: The Coast are largely dependent on natural gas retains something of that atmosphere. To and natural gas derivatives for feedstock to following article appeared in the Sep­ the uninformed observer, a seizure is still these industries would represent the loss of tember 1975 issue of Today's Health. an extremely mysterious event. After all, 30,000 Texas jobs. A loss of natural gas to This appears to be an excellent summary something is going on within the brain, supply feedstock for other than agricultural of problems that exist due to public mis­ something over which the individual has no products would delay or possibly prevent the understanding and I am including this control. Finally-and I think this ls really economic recovery so desperately needed in · in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for the at­ the bottom line-that loss of control, occur­ Texas. In Texas, two of seven nonfarm work­ tention of my colleagues: ring unprediotably and for reasons that are ers work directly or indirectly in oil and gas ill-understood, touches a. deep dread. We fear FOUR Mn.LION .AMERICANS SHOULD NOT HAVE related jobs. Any misallocatlon of our energy loss of control in anyone, in any form To LIE ABOUT THEm HEALTH resources, such as this proposed diversion of whether temporary or permanent. Most of all, intrastate gas out of Texas, multiplies the (By Dod1 Schultz) we fear the possibility within ourselves-and damage to the Texas economy. If you want to pick a fight with Garry each reminder in others renews that fear." In conclusion, it is time that all citi­ Howatt, you are likely to make rapid contact Conservative estimates put the worldwide zens-including elected public offlcials­ with the floor. Howatt, 5' 8" and 170 pounds incidence of epilepsy at approximately 2 per­ recognize the importance of the oil and of instant muscle, is the smallest and ad­ cent: That is a m.inimum of 4 million Amer­ gas resources of this state to its economy mittedly the scrappiest player in the National icans-approximately 1 in every 50 persons-­ and tax base. It is equally important to Hockey League. He openly leads his fellow who are victims o! the disorder. recognize that Texas and Texans have been players on the New York Islanders team in Epilepsy strikes most often in childhood. victimized for many yea.rs by the North­ minutes spent in the penalty box-an for be­ Physicians have suggested that there may be eastern consuming states' lobby. Consider ing fast and uncommonly effective With his a disproportionate number of youngsters the identity of the real benefactors under fists. Garry Howatt is demonstrative about with epilepsy simply because children have such federal policies as the Federal Power another fact: He has epilepsy and doesn't a lower "seizure threshold." Commission's price control on natural gas, ca.re who knows it. "Epilepsy," he declares, In children, special problems inevitably the destruction of the Mandatory on Im­ "has been in the closet too long." a.rise. Most important, they must learn how port Program to allow the importation of David Spivak, of Brooklyn, New York, also to live with their disorder. Pa.rents and fam­ "cheap" foreign oil, the Old 011 Entitle­ has epilepsy, but he does care who knows. At ily become deeply involved. ments program, a stiff tax on, or the ra­ 20, he has already had a vocational door Sidney Carter, M.D., chie! o! the Child tioning of, gasoline, and the Act under con­ slammed in his face. He is, at this writing, Neurology Service at Columbia-Presbyterian sideration, S. 2310. In each case the answer about to start a summer job, and he has de­ Medical Center, in New York City, notes that is t he same: The real benefactors are es­ liberately deceived his employer-despite his "prejudice-unreasoning and illogical as it sentially the same states named in S. 2310, conviction that the most important thing in is-does exist. Many parents, understandably, with New England thrown in for good mea­ any relationship is honesty. don't want the word 'epilepsy' to appear on sure. Now consider who has suffered, under Gordon Morris, a high-level sales executive a child's school record; which often follows each of the above federal policies. Once a.gain, with a. nationwide insurance fl.rm headquar­ a pe'rson for an entire lifetime, for just that the answer is the same: The producing states, tered in the Midwest, cares, too--so much principally Texas, have pa.id for these bene­ that his identity has been ca.refuily disguised reason. They also do not want the teacher jumping every time a youngster sneezes­ fits in terms of jobs, tax revenue, and perma­ in this article. "It hasn't stopped me yet,'' he nent loss of natural resources. asserts, and I intend to get to the top." which is only a slight exaggeration of how Texas has suffered a tremendous loss in Why, in our medically enlightened age, ls many teachers behave toward children they gas reserves and tax revenue as a result of the epilepsy a. "closet" oondition--one that can know are subject to seizures. And some Federal Power Commission's pricing of na­ move a person who reveres the truth to out­ schools, due to Widespread misunderstanding, tural gas in the interstate market at below right deception? have been known to exclude children from 34626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 sports and other activities in which they are By far the biggest problem revolves around soundly-it's possible that I had a seizure perfectly capable of participat ing." employment-an issue that can have dev­ without waking up. But nobody would tell Many youngsters, Dr. Carter adds, do astating impa.ct on an individual's life. An me the truth." achieve control or near control with drugs. EFA survey conducted earlier this year There were immediate dilemmas--such as Currently, it is believed that most children found that more than 40 percent of adult how to answer friends who asked, "Hey, do not outgrow the problem and that regu­ epileptics polled reported that they had in­ what are you doing around here I thought lar medication usually must continue for deed encountered barriers affecting their you were working at a camp this summer." life. However, a 1972 study by physicians at livelihood. Also, just over one-third of the But another, more serious question was to the St. Louis Children's Hospital in Missouri parents of epileptic children fear that un­ arise. suggests that drugs could be safely with­ reasoned bias will affect their youngsters' This year, David again applied for a camp drawn, without recurrence of seizures,. in a futures. job. And he did something that goes against possible 75 percent of child-onset cases, after • • • his own standard of scrupulous honesty. He a period of time that must be individually David Spivak, who will be 21 in June, is "neglected" to mention on his application determined. The study found that the prog­ outgoing and articulate. He likes to dress that he is an epileptic. "I just figured I nosis also varies with different types of casually and has a beard and mustache. wouldn't get the job if I told them. If every­ seizures. David had his first seizure just after his thing goes okay, and my medication con­ Children with epilepsy can be as normal seventh birthday, in 1962. His seizures were tinues to do its job, there'll be nothing to and capable as other children. Irene Odinov, infrequent at first, and their ca.use is still tell.'' a professional rehabilitation counselor for unknown. But within a few months they Suppose he were the owner or director the Epilepsy Foundation of America (EFA), were occurring at the rate of one to three of a camp: How would he handle this situ­ a national organlzation devoted to research each night. David's family doctor referred ation? David was quite definite. "If I ran and public information, explains, "We try to his parents to a major New York City hos­ a camp, I would not hesitate to hire an make people aware that epilepsy is not an pital where, for the first time, he heard such epileptic. I think the feeling of camp direc­ ugly thing, and we try to dramatize the fact terms as "grand mal" and "petit ma.I." tors is that 1! they know a counselor has that most children with the condition can During the ensuing 13 years, David con­ epilepsy, they worry that he will have a major live very full lives." tinued under the care of various specialists. seizure in front of the kids, and that it will Recently, many epileptics have found His medication has changed a number of frighten them. I see their point, and I'd themselves making headlines. They have not times in that period; his present combina­ consider it if I were in the hiring position; sought publicity-merely their rights as hu­ tion of two drugs-phenytoin and meth­ I think I would do two things. I would prob­ man beings. suximide-seems, thus far, to be effecting ably assign that counselor to older kids-- Steven Frazier, of Renton, Washington, control. David's pa.rents do not feel that 15-year-olds rather than 6-year-olds, since had worked for the Container Corporation epilepsy is a mark of shame. Nor does David. 6-year-olds could probably panic pretty for five years when he was abruptly fired But he is very much aware that some people easily. And I'd suggest strongly to him that late in 1974 following a minor seizure at do. he discuss the subject with the kids, so they work. He had, the firm claimed, "falsified "I think many people see epilepsy as a would really know the facts." his job application" by failing to mention disease that somehow makes you less of a Gordon Morris has a medium build, is of his epilepsy. Frazier learned his lesson, and person," says David. "Not that the epileptic medium height, and has a go-getter air now duly notes his epilepsy on all job appli­ is 'looked down on' exactly, but that he is about him. Epilepsy was just a word to Gor­ cations. No one has refused him a new job seen as 'different,' as someone who has some­ don until five yea.rs ago when, early one outright; he simply has heard nothing at thing 'wrong' With him. It's not viewed the Saturday morning, he was starting off on a all. His suit against his former employer for same way as other chronic problems like fishing trip. reinstatement under Washington's antidis­ heart disease or arthritis. Epilepsy is seen "It was a beautiful spring day," Gordon crimina.tion statute is still pending. Collect­ recalls, "and I was heading for a lake about ing unemployment benefits is not to Steve as a mental disorder, simply because the problem is located in the brain." He shakes 50 miles out of the city. I was driving along Frazier's taste: "Let's give it to someone without a care in the world. I remember I who needs it-someone who can't work." his head, his tousled hair brushes across his eyebrows, and he continues. "I think that's was approaching a traffic circle, and I'd In Oswego, New York, a mother and fa­ slowed down so I'd be sure to spot the turn­ due mainly to ignorance. It may be hard for ther-both epileptics-finally won a court off to the lake; I'd only been there on ce be­ battle for custody of their own six-month­ some laymen to understand, especially 1! they have seen an epileptic having a major seizure. fore, and I wasn't sure which road to take. old baby. State welfare officials argued that The next thing I knew, my car was jammed the child would not be ca.red for properly They conclude that he has 'something wrong into the back of a small pickup truck. Luck­ because of the parents' afflictions. Judge up there.' They avoid him. And he becomes a lly, no one was seriously hurt; I was emo­ Donald Comstock sought more information. second-class person." tionally jolted more than anything else. I After, hearing testimony from John K. Wolf, A basketball enthusiast and amateur couldn't understand why I had no memory M.D., associate professor of neurology at the guitarist, David feels he was relatively in­ of the moment before the collision; I didn't Upstate Medical Center of the State Univer­ hibited until recently. "I was afraid to ask even remember seeing the truck in front sity of New York, and after learning that girls out," he admits. "I had to think up of me. I finally concluded that I must have no ill had befallen the mother's now-teen­ some excuse why we had to take the subway struck my head on something at the time of age daughters from her prev1ous marriage, or bum a ride in some other guy's car. I the collision causing sort of a selective am­ Judge Comstock ruled in favor of the par­ really didn't know what to say when some­ nesia. Now, of course, I know that I had ents. body asked why I didn't drive." (New York had a seizure, and that I had blanked out Said Dr. Wolf, "We all run risks in raising State laws requires a one-year seizure-free before I hit the truck." our children. So far, I haven't seen any chil­ period to issue a driver's license to epileptics. The next episode occurred several weeks dren injured because of a pa.rent's seizures." At the time we spoke, David had gone a later on a visit to his parents. "We were Susan Lifson graduated from college in month and a half without a seizure.) sitting around on the front porch after 1973, ready, willing, and prepared to teach­ "I resent it, sure," says David. "But I have breakfast one morning. Again, I 'lost' a but not able to: The New York Boa.rd of to admit it's logical. I could kill people if I period of time; it was like a cut in a motion Examiners advised her that she could not had a seizure behind the wheel. Of course I picture-a sudden jump from one scene to be licensed until she had not experienced a want to drive, but I'll just have to wait and another, with no transition between. One seizure for two full years (her last was in see how it goes. When I've been seizure-free moment I was in the middle of a converaa­ January 1973) it took a concerted effort on for 365 days instead of only 45, then I'll make tion. Then, out of nowhere, m y father was the part of Ms. Lifson and the Epilepsy plans. The girl I'm going with now knows standing beside my chair with a glass of Foundation of Long Island, but finally, in the whole story, and she doesn't think water in his hand, asking me if I was all the fall of 1974, the board's rigid ruling was epilepsy is any kind of bad scene. That's right. He told me I had suddenly become overturned by the state education commis­ important to me; the vital thing in a rela­ glassy-eyed and then was apparently 'out'­ sioner. tionship is honesty." completely unresponsive-for about 30 sec­ Nondiscrimination laws have improved David graduated from high school in 1974 onds. We concluded it must have been some matters recently-to a degree. But even and began attending Brooklyn College in aftermath of the accident and dismissed it." the fall. Eventually, he wants to follow his What Gordon now knows were his third, those steps forward are in some cases ex­ father, a school principal, into education­ tremely recent. Many states, for example, and fifth epileptic seizures could not be so perhaps teaching or public school admin­ easily dismissed: The next time, Gordon formerly denied epileptics the right to marry. istration. Last year, with those plans in mind, None now retain such restrictions but the continued, "I was on a weekend business trip he got a. job as a summer camp counselor. to the East Coast. Two mornings in a row, prohibition persisted well into the 1950s, in "I was there one day, and I was asked to I woke up in my hotel room with a cut a quarter of the states, and six still had leave," he reports. "I was told that the camp lower lip. That was pretty frightening. Of such laws in 1960. The la.st to repeal the director didn't think I would get along with course, I know now that I must have had ban, North Carolina, did so in 1967. But the children. But I'd just arrived the day seizures in my sleep and bitten my lip. Noc­ these moves have not changed the fact that before and hadn't even had a chance to turnal seizures are pretty rare in my case; epileptics, like other minority groups, con­ get acquainted with the kids, let alone get mostly, they're in the morning. My next one tinue to suffer from discrimination that is, into arguments with them. I think I probably was. It was the following week-Thursday, I for the most part based on ignorance. had a seizure during the night; I sleep think. One of my associates found me on the October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 314627! floor of my office and from his description, I FOOD STAMP RROGRAM REFORM people are now technically eligible for bene­ had been convulsing to some extent. By then, NEEDED fits, many of whom earn far in excess of I was really sea.red; I didn't need any urg­ poverty wages. People who earn good in­ ing to go to the emergency room of the comes, but a.re living beyond their means, nearest hospital. Later I went to see my own HON. BILL ARCHER are turning to food stamps a.s a. crutch to help them continue in that lifestyle. That internist. When I'd told him the whole story, OF TEXAS starting with the accident, he looked at me has never been the purpose of the program. and said, 'You are going into the hospital for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The question here ls one of restructuring a complete neurological work-up.' I spent Friday, October 31, 1975 the program to remove non-needy Americans a. week there, and I came out with a definite from the welfare rolls, not to reduce benefits diagnosis; psychomotor epilepsy." Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, I was for those Americans who are truly needy. Gordon's neurological work-up included an shocked to read recently that the De­ The great tragedy with any welfare program electroencephalogram (EEG) , a painless partment of Agriculture had estimated with lax controls and poor administrative electrical test that measures, locates, and re­ that $264 million was wasted last year procedures ls that the program allows in­ cords electrical discharge patterns of brain as a result of overpayments or payments eligibles to participate while denying as­ cells. It has proved extremely useful in pin­ sistance to the really needy. If we can cut out made to persons not eligible in the food the waste and the ineligibles in the food pointing and diagnosing the epilepsy pa­ stamp program. The error rates were tient's problems and progress. stamp program, we can better utilize our Gordon's seizures, which his doctor termed discovered in a quality control study resources to help those in need. "idiopathic" (the cause is unknown), are based on a scientific sampling of 29,000 Every dollar that ls spent to provide wel­ still not fully controlled. He knows he is nonwelfare food stamp households in all fare benefits for the non-needy is another likely to have one once or twice a month. Yet the 50 States and the District of Co­ wasted tax dollar that contributes to the he has not permitted his epilepsy to inter­ lumbia. The study revealed an error rate inflation that we are all suffering from. If fere with his life, and he intends to keep it this Congress truly wants to help the needy, of 28.5 percent which included 17.5 per­ and the taxpayers of this country at the that way. cent of food stamp dollars paid to in­ He plans, for one thing, to get married this same time, it will act quickly in adopting winter: "My fiancee-she's a freelance illus­ eligible households and 8.4 percent which the responsible provisions contained In the trator-knows all about it, and it makes were overissued to eligible households. National Food Stamp Reform Act. Congress absolutely no difference. I work out at a gym, In this study, only 2.6 percent of food needs to take action. Adoption of the Na­ I play tennis, I go biking; I don't see any stamp dollars were underissued. tional Food Stamp Reform Act, which I am reason to give up any of those things. However, the Washington Star in its proud to co-sponsor, would tighten up ad­ "Two people at my present company do ministrative regulations, reduce the number own study of error in the food stamp of those who sHould not be recipients of know about it," he explains, "because I program believed the Department of thought it was necessary from a safety view­ the program, and yet still increase benefits point. Both are good friends of mine. I see Agriculture estimate was too low and to the really needy. no need to tell anyone else. Let's face it-­ that the true figure of waste in the pro­ I urge this Subcommittee to take action gram was closer to $797 million. to adopt meaningful reform • of the food societ y isn't sufficiently educated on the sub­ stamp program. ject of neurological disorders. If people in What does this mean for the average my industry were to find out, I foresee two American taxPayer? The food stamp ro­ possible reactions. One might be a lot of gram cost a total of $4. 75 billion in fiscal misdirected pity; I can do without that. The year 1975 and may cost as much as $6.6 other-and I think it would be the more billion in the current fiscal year. For the H.R. 8603 likely-could be a subtle kind of discrimina­ tion. Not that I'd be fired. But there would average taxpayer the food stamp pro­ be limit s to how far I could go; I don't gram has been misspending as much as HON. DON EDWARDS think I'd continue to enjoy the unlimited $1 out of every $5. OF CALIFORNIA upward moblllty I have now. I'm frankly I am a cosponsor of the National Food IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ambitious, and I know I'm good at what Stamp Reform Act and have joined as I do. I want to get to the top, and I think a cosponsor of the bill incorporating the Friday, October 31, 1975 I can." recommendations of the President in Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Harry Sands, Ph.D., a New York City psy­ reforming the program. I recently had chotherapist and consultant to the EFA, Speaker, since the passage of the Postal .feels that a lot must be done to improve the opportunity to submit testimony to Reorganization Act of 1970, we in Con­ the welfare of epileptics. a Senate subcommittee on the urgent gress, as well as our constituents at home, "Certainly science should continue efforts need to reform this program and would have become increasingly aware of the to develop better medications that will ef­ like to include this testimony in the fact that the term U.S. Postal Service is fect greater control," he says. "But that ls CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: a misnomer. Clearly the emphasis is not by no means an answer to the attitudinal Testimony Submitted to the Subcommit­ on service. problem: epileptics are tagged with societal tee on Agricultural Research and General The break-even concept embodied in and occupational stigmata even when medi­ Legislation by Representative Bill Archer the Postal Reorganization Act of 1970 cation has rendered them free of seizures of Texas on the Food Stamp Program. for years. Physicians must not merely see Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to have the has caused the Postal Service to look that their patrents are properly diagnosed opportunity to testify before the Agricul­ upon itself as more of a business than a e.nd medicated: They must develop far more tural Research and General Legislation public service. This is a mistake since the understanding of what the epileptic patient Subcommittee of the Senate Agriculture U.S. mail is the most visible and perva­ feels and thinks." and Forestry Committee on the Food Stamp sive public service which this Govern­ Dr. Sands supports the efforts of publlc Program. I wish to commend the Chairman ment renders to the American people. In figures like hockey star Gary Howatt. But for having these hearings on such an im­ the face of rising taxes and declining the main thrust, Dr. Sands feels, must be portant matter. one of active advocacy involving full and The food stamp program has become our public confidence in government, the effective use of the force of law. fastest growing welfare program. Any in­ Congress must not allow the further "There have been gratifying reforms in vestigation of this program reveals that erosion of this very basic and far reach­ state statutes, such as the elimination of the federal government ls spending blllions ing service. those laws denying epileptics the right to and billions of dollars in issuing food Under the presently proposed Postal marry. Some laws based on outdated mis­ stamps while having very little in the way Service regulations there is no option for conceptions still exist, and we should con­ of effective controls over this massive pro­ providing door-to-door service in new tinue to fight for their repeal.'' gram. In the current fiscal year, this pro­ This It's encouraging that for the most part gram wlll cost about $6.6 billion. In June residential or urban renewal areas. epilepsy ls no longer attributed to heredity, of 1975, 19.2 million were receiving food limits the options of the mail recipient to masturbation, worms, or venereal disease. stamps. All present evidence indicates the either curbline or clusterbox delivery. David Spivak, who has been giving long, cost and the number of recipients will in­ These mailboxes may be located as far hard thought to his future, offers some ad­ crease. from a residence as the length of a foot­ vice to epileptics: "Live with it!" he em­ I have very serious concerns wlth the ball field. This creates considerable bur­ phasized. "Remember to take the prescribed dlrectlon of this program. Admlnlstratlve dens for the aged and handicapped, medications-but other than that, ignore it. mistakes have brought about an error rate especially in regions where winters are Do whatever you want to do, whatever you're of about 20%. Cases of fraud have been severe and sidewalks icy. In many locali­ interested in. Be limited only by your own reported throughout the country. The ell­ abilltles. And don't accept any other giblllty requirements are so shot full of ties environmental problems and vandal­ limitations." loopholes that over a fourth of the American ism have forced the passage of local zon- 34628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 ing ordinances which do not allow curb­ between ourselves and our many Allies that even cordial word. We curse them, make jokes line service. In these areas the resident are separated by the oceans' waters. And it against them, develop paranoia over them. is far easier to interdict those lines of com­ This is unfair. The introduction of computers is forced to choose between collecting his munication than to protect them . . . con­ from America in the mid-twentieth century or her mail at a clusterbox down the sequently, mere equality is insufficient from only complicated and incommoded habits street, at the nearest post office, or not at the standpoint of our naval forces and we already widespread in European society. It all. are today living with a higher level of risk was the same with the introduction of syph­ In my own district there have been than I think the American people really ilis by Columbus's returning sailors at the repeated cases of confusion over whether want. end of the fifteenth. a new residential area would receive door The second myth I questioned him After World War II Europe grew horribly or curbline delivery. Often this confusion impersonal, because there were too many about is our technological superiority. people demanding too much notice. A few has result in no mail service at all. Both Schlesinger said: million serfs could rub a.long comfortably individuals and businesses have com­ The most interesting development in the from cradle to early grave without anyone plained bitterly about the Government's last deoade has been that the Soviets are bothering insuring them, taxing them or even apparent inability to deliver their mail. becoming more sophisticated; that they are counting them. About 1950, they all jumped The regulations which the Postal Serv­ improving the quality of their weapons ... into their motor-cars and drove off rapidly ice now seeks to impose would eliminate the notion of the Soviets as being armed in in chromium-plated isolation, glaring and door-to-door delivery in all new residen­ massive numbers with primitive weapons is shouting at perfect strangers Who behind tial areas throughout the country. This beglnnlng to fade. their windscreens were possibly the most amusing and agreeable of company. would be done without any considera­ What about these "massive numbers" Commerce became dehumanized. Even the tion for the needs of the local community. of Soviets under arms, I asked. How do wickedest of Chesterton's grocers-shovel­ In contrast, the delivery requirements of they stack up against the myth of wide­ ling sugar into stiff little blue bags in a H.R. 8603 establish certain standards of ranging American troop commitments deliciously aroma.tic shop amid roll-necked distribution and involve local jurisdic­ throughout the world? sacks of split peas and lentils-wrote his bills tions in some of the decisions affecting Schlesinger replied: in copperplate and presented them with his adequate mail delivery. First, I'd stress that we have half the compliments. Post-war banks stlll contained My colleague from San Jose, NORMAN high desks and decent, semi-stiff collared number under arms today that the Soviet clerks, labouring with fountain pens in MINETA, offered this provision of the bill Union has. We had cut our armed forces in beautiful leather-bound ledgers with gor­ based on his experience with delivery the la.st eight years by 1.5 million men ... geously marbled crimson and purple edges. problems in our area of Galifornia. It has we a.re a.bout 600,000 to 700,000 men below Then all the serfs wanted a.n account at the received the careful consideration and what we were pre-Vietnam in the face of bank and at Harrods. Most of all, they wanted endorsement of the Committee on Post major buildups on the other side. to take the waiting out of wanting. The nu­ Office and Civil Service. The thrust of Finally, we discussed the idea that merical mechanics of providing these bless­ this language is to guarantee quality de­ detente would lessen our need for mili­ ings for civili.zation overstretched its bra.in.,s, livery service to the public while at the and the computer was invented to prevent tary strength. Schlesinger said it was the top mathematicians going even madder same time placing the decisionmaking ''appropriate to attempt to achieve im­ than I have always found them to be. process regarding local delivery where it proved relations,'' but added: Computers must be sold frantically, to should be: at the local level. If our forces continue to shrink and the make a profit on a vast outlay. IBM provide military balances are consequently upset, lovely brochures of their machinery looking our hopes for improved relations and greater well styled but intensely purposeful, like stab111ty will disappear and there wlll be the male and female models playing with TALKING WITH THE SECRETARY important political changes in the world that it. Once sold, computers must be worked in­ OF DEFENSE will adversely affect the United States. cessantly to write off the stupendous expense. This has incited the invention of several mil­ The Secretary believes that recent lion unnecessary and wildly extravagant budget cuts will prevent us from coun­ schemes based on them. Governments have HON. JOHN P. MURTHA tering these trends. It is my own belief eagerly joined the game, reducing each of OF PENNSYLVANIA we have failed to focus on the long­ their citizens to ugly strings of numerals, range implications of our spending; governments of all political hues having ino IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES common an enthusiastic contempt for the Friday, October 31, 1975 failed to realize what we decide now people whose interests they represent. will set the pace for the next decade. VAT scourges the British public only to ~.MUR,THA.Mr.Speaker--- Not everyone agrees with Secretary provide full employment for a computer at In the longer run, the U.S. (defense) is Schlesinger. But I congratulate him for the end of the pier in Southend. Mr. Healey's going' down, has been going down; its forces directly confronting the issue of what "pipsqueak" system of taxation was imposed have been dwindling. The effect of thts kind of defense system our country simply to justify the Revenue computer at over several yea.rs--a continuation of these wants. He is stimulating a national de­ Bootle. The same attitude afflicted the Gov­ trends-will be major difflculties for the bate of the highest priority, and its reso­ ernment of Queen Elizabeth the First, with a U.S. and its allies. perfectly good rack standing idle 1n the lution is essential to our future security. Tower. So said Secretary of Defense James Computers make our unsociable society the Schlesinger in an executive interview bleaker. When you knew the Bobby on the with me recently which highlighted a corner personally, you didn't ruin his eve­ number of key areas where~- Schles­ MULTIPLY BY THE DIGIT YOU FIRST nings by breaking the law. When you said inger believes U.S. defenses are in im­ THOUGHT OF good morning to your boss, you didn't go on minent danger of becoming second rate. strike. Now the cops chase the robbers by While some may dispute his assessments, computer, every firm hastens to get itself no one can ignore the warnings of this HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE run by one, bank clerks a.re kept behind bul­ intelligent, dedicated man who sits at OF MISSOURI let-proof glass, and the only personal service IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES you get at the grocer's ls a cold from the girl the center of our worldwide defense sys­ at the supermarket check-out tem. Friday, October 31, 1975 Such icy indifference being clearly bad for In the course of our conversation, business, ardent attempts a.re made to per­ S.chlesinger covered four items that have Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, as we sonalize computers. Admittedly, computers become standard features of U.S. de­ drift relentlessly toward a computerized like humans can make mistakes, and like fense thinking that may be rapidly de­ congress, perhaps the Members will ap­ humans always in their own favour. They veloping into myths. preciate a picture of what the future will can write letters in capitals and breathlessly be like: short of commas. They have other human First, I asked him about the long-held traits, all feminine. They will answer only superiority of the U.S. Navy. Schlesinger MULTIPLY BY THE DIGIT You FmsT THOUGHT OF acceptable questions, and only in their own replied: way. Arguing with them enmeshes you ln The Navy ln the la.st eight years has shrunk (In which Riche.rd Gordon ls programmed such a tangle you never dare try a.gain. from 976 ships to 483 in the active fleet. into the world of computers) Though their behaviour ls generally reliable I think in a side-by-side engagement, the My 1954 edition of the Concise Oxford had and predictable, when they go wrong they go United States Navy may stlll have an edge never heard of a computer. In 1976, diction­ wildly wrong, causing ha.voe for everybody in (over the Soviet union). But ... we have aries a.re being printed by them. But we sight. to protect the sea lines of communication never throw computers a complimentary or In the 1960s, Lyons teashops' Electronics October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34629 Office christened their computer Leo, in­ have paid Federal income taxes of will only buy what $20,000 bought at the stantly giving it a cosy teddy-bear image. $6,020-or 24 percent of his income. This time of purchase. Since 1956, everyone has known Ernie up at The answer is very simple, but not too left him with 76 percent for personal use. many politicians are going to suggest it. The Lytham St Annes, the retired seaside comic By 1994, with an inflation-swollen income with a complexion like sliced salami who sale price should be computed in constant laughingly scatters tenners from a top hat of $168,188, the tax bite would be dollars-meaning the dollars should be into the breezes of the Ribble estuary. I re­ $89,148-a huge 53 percent of his income. valued at their purchasing power now com­ sent less getting a bill from Gloria if I can In 1994, he would have only 47 percent pared to their purchasing power when you fantasize her as a quiet, smooth industrious of his income for personal use. Thus, such first acquired the property. girl, with her only excess an addiction for an individual would suffer a 38-percent Let's turn to your paycheck because here noughts-and-crosses. One razor-minded, drop in his living standard. is where the government really profits from computerized unit trust advertised itself with inflation. We have a "progressive" income Inflation throws us into artificially tax. As your income increases, you find the an old-fashioned apple-cheeked, silvery­ higher tax brackets. Thus, Government haired bank manager, fingertips together and government takes a higher percentage, say. watch chain agleam, expressing over his half­ has a vested interest in the current sys­ of the second ten thousand dollars you earn moon glasses the reassuring essence of finan­ tem of inflation. Individual citizens have than of the first. Let's say you get a raise ci.al wisdom and benevolence. People prefer a vested interest in changing it. A solu­ simply to keep even with the increased cost risking their money with men rather than tion, which I have proposed in legisla­ of living to make you able to buy what you machines. This is proved by the continuing tion, is what has been called "tax-index­ could before the raise, but you can't for popularity of bookies over the Tote. ing .'' This would provide an annual, that increase in the number of dollars put you into a higher tax bracket. The govern­ The medical profession employs so many automatic correction of the tax schedules computers it has unleashed an epidemic of ment takes a greater share of those new new diseases. Some make diagnoses. You for inflation. dollars and, suddenly, you find you haven't press "Yes" or "No" buttons in response to Discussing this question on his radio kept up with inflation. After taxes, you're questions flashed on a television screen. This program, former California Gov. Ronald worse off than you were before the raise. has the boon of saving you from facing a Reagan gives this example: Nine times out of ten, though, you blame forbidding middle-aged man in a white coat, The man who earned $10,000 a year in 1966 high prices, not your taxes. himself in the pink of condition, demanding earns (if he is the average) $15,000 today. Let's take an actual example--the man why you smoke and drink so much and aren't That $5,000 increase is a little more than the who earned $10,000 a year in 1966 earns (if losing weight. . increased cost of living. Actually $,.3,800 of his he is the average) $15,000 today. That $5,000 One medical computer was human enough raise is eaten up by inflation. Still he should increase is a little more than the increased to create a pregnancy. The patient was asked be $1,200 better off than he was in 1966- cost of living. Actually $3,800 of his raise is the usual questions about menstruation, but not after taxes. At $15 ,000 he is in a eaten up by inflation. Still he should be morning sickness and marital relations, and higher tax bracket. The government takes the $1,200 better off than he was in 1966-but the print-out established a normal gravidity $1,200 plus $159 more, making him $159 worse not after taxes. At $15,000, he is in a higher of eight weeks. Over the following seven off than he was in 1966. tax bracket. The government takes the $1,200 months, the computer disgorged relentlessly plus $159 more, making him $159 worse off regular bulletins on the patient's condition, Governor Reagan declares: than he was in 1966. calculated from its original feed of informa­ There is a solution, a very simple one ... There is an answer-a very simple one, a tion. It finally produced a pair of twins, fe­ indexing the progressive tax brackets so as to proposal by Senator James Buckley of New male, weighing five and a half pounds, blood reflect the lowered purchasing power .of the York, which has been greeted with thunder­ group o. The patient was a retired Naval cap­ dollar. In other words, you would move up to ous silence by his liberal colleagues. He pro­ tain in his sixties, not at all pleased to be a higher tax bracket only to the extent that poses what is called indexing the progressive given an electronic bun in the oven. your increased income exceeded the cost of tax brackets s9 as to reflect the lowered pur­ The inflexible, absurd Gilbertian logic of living. chasing power of the dollar. In other words, faulty computers is a blessing to our com­ you would move up to a higher tax bracket fortless age. An incorrect bank balance, five Clearly, the time has come to enact only to the extent that your increased in­ hundred tons of steel delivered inexplicably this tax-indexing approach. Governor come exceeded the increase in the cost of at the vicarage, a warehouseful of eggs going Reagan concludes: living. bad in the docks-the fault Is not in our­ Congress is very busy talking tax reform. In the example I just gave, that $10,000 a selves but in our tapes. Once, men blamed Now's the time for you to start those cards year man would stay in the same tax bracket the weather for their induced misfortunes. and letters. If government suffered the same for $3,800 of his $5,000 raise and would only Now the hilariously inaccurate long range pain from infla.tion that you do, instead of pay an increased rate on the $1,200 if that weather forecasts are blamed on the Met making a profit on it, they'd do something moved him into a new bracket. Office computer. A company could ascribe about it. Congress is very busy talking tax reform. the loss of a contract, a government the loss Now's the time for you to start those cards of an election or a war on the shortcomings I wish to share with my colleagues the and letters. If government suffered the same of their computer, which can never answer text of Ronald Reagan's radio broadcast pain from inflation that you do, instead of back and only blow a fuse in exasperation. entitled "Inflation as Tax" and insert it making a profit on it they'd do something Which makes them earn their keep hand• into the RECORD at this time: about it. somely, in a century when man's inventive­ VIEWPOINT WITH RoNALD REAGAN ness has outrun his idiocy. (Reprint of a radio program entitled "Inflation As Tax") PLUTONIUM: A FEARSOME FUEL I know it's a cliche, and we've all heard TAX-INDEXING: THE REAL TAX it and said it ourselves, that inflation is HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. the cruelist kind of tax-hitting hardest REFORM those who can least afford it. I wonder, OF NEW YORK though, if we really understand that infla­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion is in fact a tax increase--a way govern­ Friday, October 31, 1975 HON. PHILIP M. CRANE ment can raise more revenue without raising OF ILLINOIS the rates. Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, perhaps no IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Take capital gains. This is the profit you greater hazard exists as a result of our make if something you bought awhile back growing dependence on nuclear :fission Friday, October 31, 1975 has become more valuable and you sell it power than the increases of plutonium Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker. The income for more than you paid for it. This can be shipments in the United States. Plu­ a farm, a home, a lot you were going to build tonium, a byproduct of present nuclear tax system provides government with a on and didn't, that old car that suddenly be­ windfall benefit as a result of inflation. came valuable to a collector, or stock you reactor processes and fuel for the con­ If the inflation rate is 12 percent a year, bought. troversial liquid metal breeder reactor, and your salary is fortunate enough to But what if your increased sale price is is one of the most toxic substances known increase at the same rate of 12 percent an increase in dollars that aren't worth a.s to man. It is also the material of which a year, you will not even remain at the much as they were when you bought it? nuclear weapons are made. The concept same place--but will suffer a dramatic If you sell your home for twice wha.t it cost, of a "plutonium economy" is terrifying but a.ll homes are now worth twice what decline in real, after-tax income. to say the least, and the fallowing article they cost because the present dollar is worth A 1974 income of $25,000 would have only 50 cents, then you haven't made any from the Wall Street Journal clearly de­ to expand to $168,188 in 20 years to keep profit. But the tax collector says you have. picts the present and future hazards of pace with a 10 percent inflation rate. If you paid $20,000 and sell for $40,000, he shipping plutonium. I hope my colleagues Even if it did, the taxpayer would be the says you've ma.de $20,000 upon which you will keep this article in mind when de­ loser. In 1974, such an individual would must pay a tax even though $40,000 today liberating upon whether to increase this 34630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 country's use of nuclear fission power­ the city's streets of such radioactive materi­ petence could probably perform acts of sab­ als as plutonium. And the city is proposing otage which can endanger the public" at nu­ plants. to amend its health code to make the ban clear plants. The article follows: permanent. Nuclear reactors, of course, can't blow up. FEARSOME FUEL: NEW LAWS ARE 8'r1:mD:o TO The nuclear materials causing the most But if the fuel core melts it's possible that PROTECT SHIPMENTS OF DEADLY PLUTONIUM concern are plutonium and·bomb-grooe ura­ radioactive materials could be released into {By Les Ga.pay) nium. Most nuclear plants are fueled with the atmosphere. Thus ERDA warned that a One day early this summer a. deadly cargo uranium in which the a.toms capable of fis­ determined group of saboteurs with equip­ of several steel containers arrived by ship sioning to produce heat, called uranium-235 ment and explosives could "disable critical from Belgium at the docks at Elizabeth, N.J. atoms, have been increased about five fold plant systems and possibly cause a radioac­ But for all the security that was evident on {in natural uranium these atoms are so rare tive release." board they might just as well have been a. that only one out of every 140 atoms in the To help thwart both sabotage and theft load of Volkswagens. metal 1s a ura.nium-235 atom.) the NRC is to report to Congress in January The containers were loaded onto a. tra.ctor­ However, when this so-called slightly en­ on the feasibility of having the federal gov­ trailer, which then took off for Pittsburgh riched uranium is "burned" in nuclear plants ernment take over all or part of the nuclear with the two armed drivers radioing in their plutonium is produced as a side product. industry's security. One possibility is the location every two hours. About 12 hours Although utilities would like to "recycle" creation of a government agency to guard all later the drivers reported the rig had arrived this plutonium by burning it instead of fuel-making plants and shipments of plu­ safely. uranium, a. far more important future role tonium and bomb-grade uranium. Another is This seemingly innocuous incident is likely for plutonium would be in the proposed­ the creation of a special force within the to be repeated many times in the future. and controversial-new generation of nuclear NRC or the Federal Bureau of Investigation. An d the fear is being increasingly voiced power plant called the fast breeder reactor. {Actually, the NRC already has proposed that unless security is stepped up, one day This reactor would be able to "burn" the beefing up security, including the manda­ a. rig will be hijacked before it reaches its large amounts of discarded uranium that tory use of armed guards for air or sea destination. Because inside those steel con­ can't be used in present power plants. In the shipment.) tainers is the stuff of nuclear weapons: process it would also spew out large amounts But industry executives don't like much plutonium. of plutonium. of what the NRC has in mind. Bill Teer, vice Nuclear materials such as plutonium which A GREATER RISK OF THEFT president of Transnuclear Inc., of White is a. byproduct of the uranium "burned" in If the breeder does become a commercial Plains, N.Y., a major hauler of nuclear ma­ nuclear power plants, have been shipped reality, th'en shipments of plutonium be­ terials, worries that airlines might refuse within the U.S. without incident for several tween reactors and processing plants would shipments if armed guards are required. years now. This is partly due to the fact that become a daily routine, vastly increasing the And Arthur E. Lundvall Jr., vice president t here have been relatively few shipments to risk of theft. of Baltimore Gas & Electric, says such date and it may be partly due to sheer luck, The amount of nuclear material in nation­ measures as armed guards and TV cameras given the minimal security precautions that al transit each year will be enough to make are adequate. "A determined insurgent federal law requires. But as nuclear power 20,000 nuclear bombs. "New international in­ group is going to get into anyth ing unless we grows so will the shipment of nuclear mate­ stitutions will be needed to prevent criminal have the U.S. Army in there," he says. rials-and so will the very real danger of diversion from the flow of nuclear materials," One way to protect materials such as plu­ hijacking by terrorists, extortionists or others says Fred C. Ikle, director of the U.S. Arms tonium is to make them so tricky to handle bent on nuclear blackmail. Control and Disarmament Agency. th at thieves will have great difficulty in turning them into bombs. Right now, many WARNING OF "PIRACY" At present these shipments are limited mainly by the fa.ct that at present there experts believe, it's relatively simple to Before this happens, politicians and gov­ make a crude bomb from plutonium or highly ernment officials want to see .a considerable aren't any commercial plants in the U.S. to extract plutonium from nuclear stations' enrich ed uranium, requiring about the level tight ening of security not only around these of knowledge of a college physics student. shipments, but also a.round nuclear power used fuel rods. According to ha.rd-to-get gov­ Crude it may be, but says Theodore B. stations, which many see as prime targets ernment figures, recently revealed in a court Taylor, a nuclear consultant who once de­ for sabotage. Democratic Sen. Stuart Sym­ affidavit, last year there were 1,532 separate signed nuclear weapons for the government, ington of Missouri warns of "the possibility shipments totaling about 50,000 pounds of such a bomb could kill tens of thousands of of piracy." And Viotor Gilinsky, a member highly enriched uranium and 372 shipments people if detonated in a crowded area. Plu­ of the Nuclea.r Regulatory Commission, of about 4,600 pounds of plutonium (most of tonium also coUld be fash ioned into a so­ speaks of the ultimate peril of the "illicit which was produced by private contractors called radiological weapon, which wouldn't manufacture of nuclear explosives." under government supervision). Just about explode but would spew out dangerous ra­ The problem is that there a.re no easy an­ all of this material was being used for re­ dioactive gases. swers to real security. Probably the simplest search. Thus the NRC is considering a proposal proposal is the creation of a federal police The plutonium that arrived in Elizabeth, to require all plutonium to be "spiked" be­ force to handle shipments and protect plants N.J., this summer had begun life inside the fore it's shipped. Spiking essentially means and the requiring of all nuclear industry used uranium fuel rods from an Italian nu­ increasing the level of radioactivity to make workers to submit to security checks. But clear station. The rods were sent to a Belgian the material more dangerous to handle. many Americans would no doubt see this as plant where the plutonium was extracted Of course, it woUld be possible for the leading to infringements on civil liberties. and processed into plutonium oxide powder. government to eliminate the transportation Consumer advocate Ralph Nader asks if From there the powder was being sent to a of dangerous fuels altogether by requiring "someone found carrying a. paperback in his Westinghouse Electric plant near Pittsburgh the building of nuclear parks. Such a site lunchbox criticizing nuclear power {would) to be turned into fuel for the Italian station. could well be massive, including 10 to 40 be looked upon as a security risk?" And even The shipment of 93.7 pounds of plutonium reactors, a plant for processing plutonium Mr. Gilinsky admits that "these measures was enough to make a number of small nu­ and another for turning it into fuel. have a potential for abuse." clear weapons. Officials don't like to say how But such energy centers would require Another proposal has come in the House, much ls needed to make a bomb. But a re­ massive amounts of land and water and where 29 Congressmen are cosponsoring leg­ port by the General Accountin g Office urging would generate so much heat that some ex­ islation that would continue the present ban stricter security says a crude nuclear weapon perts believe they could change local on the use of plutonium instead of uranium can be made from 17 kilograms of highly en­ weather patterns by increasing rainfall and to fire nuclear plants until the risks have riched uranium or six kilograms of plutoni­ perhaps ca.using permanent cloudiness. been thoroughly studied. But this angers the um {a. kilogram is about 2.2 pounds). "The public reaction to possibly large, per­ nuclear industry, which is anxious to use the Even so, under existing federal law, no sistent, visible plumes, extending for many plutonium {which is essentially "free" fuel guards were required on board ship and only miles has not been evaluated," says an NRC for the utilities, whose plants produced it in two armed company drivers were necessary report. the first place) and thereby save on .ura­ for the journey by road. Federal law also nium fuel costs. leaves the security at nuclear plants to pri­ vate guards together with such conventional NEW YORK BANS SHIPMENTS protection as fences and alarms (at present BAN ON HANDGUN-NO. 11 There is a further, much longer range pro­ there are only 55 nuclear stations in oper­ posal that nuclear staitions and plants for ation, but a further 150 are being built or are plutonium processing be located together in planned). HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM massive nuclear parks, which would elim1- The government has found fault with this OF NEW YORK nate the risks involved in transportation. security. Recently the Energy Research and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But this is certain to meet with opposition Development Administration (which, like Friday, October 31, 1975 from environmental groups, as well as resi­ the Nuclear Regulatory Com.mission, was dents close to the proposed parks. formed from the old Atomic Energy Com­ Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, one rea­ In the absence of federal action, one city mission) received a study from its Sandia son why handgun control is such an emo­ a.t least has taken action on its own. New Laboratories that said that "a determined tional and controversial issue is simply York City ls trying to stop shipment through group with a high degree of technical com- that the American public is largely un- October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34631 informed about the dangers of private Of those murders, at least 80 percent in­ o! many, particularly among those in rural handgun possession. The gun lobbies volved handguns. areas. They think that the law-abiding citi­ would have us all believe that handguns What about rifles? zen will be left with no means to defend Long guns-rifles and shotguns-are gen­ himself against criminals. There is also the are "the law-abiding citizen's first line of erally used legitimately by the estimated 20 erroneous fear that effective handgun con­ defense," and that strict handgun control million hunters in the U.S. They account for trols are the first step toward a ban on legislation would violate the second less than 12 percent of all homicides. By rifles-and hunting. They see gun-control amendment right of the people "to keep contrast, about 96 percent of all armed rob· advocates as a bunch of raving leftists. One and bear arms." Both of these conten­ beries are committed with handguns. NRA executive told me that his organization tions are simply untrue. It is a tragic fact Why do handguns play such a large role would be "the last line of defense when the that the armed private citizen is far in crime? Red Chinese invade." Handguns are for one thing-shooting What about the argument that stronger more likely to use his handgun against a people. No one goes out hunting game with regulations would abridge the Second family member, friend or acquaintance a pistol. Amendment right "of the people to keep and than to defend himself against a crim­ What kind of person is more apt to com­ bear arms"? inal, and the U.S. Supreme Court has mit a violent crime with a gun? The Supreme Court has ruled five times repeatedly ruled that the second amend­ Stanford psychiatrist Donald Lunde re­ that the Second Amendment pertains to the ment pertains to the right of States to cently attempted to find the answer to that. states' right to maintain a militia. It is a col­ maintain a militia, not to a right of in­ He gathered data on education, age, race, lective right, not an individual one. income, sex, demographics, but failed to come How do you respCl1'td to the gun lobby dividual possession. It is the task of up with any real common denominator. Then slogan: "If guns are outlawed only outlaws handgun-control advocates to inform the he went one step further and took into ac­ will have guns"? public of the menace of private handgun count where the people who committed the The grim fact is that handguns used in the possession, and the duty of the Congress crimes were born. It turned out that a vastly commission of a crime are often stolen from to protect our society from that menace disproportionate number of them were born law-abiding people to be used against law­ by enacting legislation that will ban in the South. This included whites who abiding people. handguns. moved West and blacks who moved North If only one out of twenty hunters in this to the uroan slums. country belongs to the National Rifle Asso­ I commend to the attention of my col­ Why is this so? ciation, why is the gun lobby such a powerful leagues two recent articles that illu­ Perhaps it's the frontier mentality, but force in Washington? minate the bare facts about handgun there ls no place in the country where the Even though 70 percent of the American ownership and the attitudes of the Na­ possession of firearms is more cherished. At­ people favor stronger gun controls, the issue tion's law-enforcement agencies toward lanta, for instance, heads the list of homi­ itself is not No. 1 on the public's list of handgun control. The first is an inter­ cides among American cities. priorities. The economy, for example, is far view with Nelson T. Shields, executive Do your friends sometimes question your more pressing. But for these who oppose con­ concern? trol, it is the single most important issue­ director of the National Coalition to Con­ Yes. At a dinner party in Texas the hostess and they will go to the wall on it. That's why trol Handguns, which appeared in the leaned over to my wife and said, "Please a liberal like Sen. Frank Church always votes October 20 issue of People magazine. The don't mention your husband's interest in gun against gun controls. Most elections in this second is an editorial from the October 16 control. I don't want to lose all my friends." country are decided by less than 10 percent issue of the Washington Post that deals A close family friend who lives in Arizona. of the electorate, and no politician wants to with the testimony of law-enforcement begged me never to ask him to join the risk alienating that deciding vote. officials before the Senate Government movem,.ent for gun control. He said it would What impact do you think the two at­ be social suicide for him to do so. tempted presidential assassinations will have Operations Committee. Both of these What laws govern handguns? on Congress? articles help to clear the record on sev­ There are 20,000 state and municipal I don't think these incidents have changed eral myths concerning handgun pos­ statutes governing handguns, but they just anybody's mind in Congress, and unfortu­ session: don't work. Only four states--New York, nately the public's memory is awfully short. IN Hrs OWN WORDS Hawaii, New Jersey and Massachusetts-have But before the furor subsides, I hope we wm (Recent assassination attempts against reasonably restrictive gun laws. In Texas it's have succeeded in establishing the National President Ford, combined with increasing illegal to carry a concealed, loaded gun, ex­ Council to Control Handguns as a lobby street crime, have brought a. new urgency to cept on business. Now how in the hell do strong enough to battle the NRA. handgun control. One convert is Du Pont you define "business"? What do you think of the Administration Co. executive Nelson Turner Shields III, who What about federal laws that are already bill now before Congress? admits he was only mildly concerned with on the books? The Ford Administration wants to crack the problem until last year when his 23-yea.r­ This is the only major country without down on so-called "Saturday night spe­ old son, Nicky, eldest of his four children, effective national laws controlling handguns. cials"-the cheap, six-inch long handguns was senselessly gunned down in one of San In Europe, only a few are allowed to carry a used in street crime. But if the law defines Francisco's notorious "Zebra" killings. Then, handgun. In the U.S., only a few aren't. our the Saturday night specials as six inches or a. few weeks later, the elder Shields was driv­ 1968 federal law is riddled with loopholes. shorter, criminals will start packing seven­ ing to his home in Wilmington, Del. when For example, importation of guns from out­ inch guns. It would affect less than half the side the country is outlawed, but not the guns used in street crime, but it's a step in he cut off another motorist. The driver the right direction. pulled alongside Shields, pointed a snub­ importation of parts. So the parts are simply nosed revolver in his face and shouted, made in Germany and Italy and Spain and What legislation would you like to see put "Move your ass over or I'll blow your head shipped here for assembly. into effect? What are current restrictions on retail A ban on the manufacture, sale and im­ off." Shields says: "I don't even remember portation of all handguns and handgun am­ the man's face. When you're staring down sales of handguns? A dealer is required to keep records of all munition. To reduce the 40 million handguns the barrel of a. gun, that is all you see." Now already in circulation, we might institute a on leave from Du Pont Co. to head up the sales and is prohibited from selling to known felons, drug addicts and mental defectives. buy-back program whereby gun owners would Washington, D.C.-based National Council to be reimbursed for turning their guns over to Control Handguns, Shields discussed the fir­ But nobody ever comes to look at those rec­ ords, and there is no way for a dealer to find the government. Of course, it will take time ing range called America. with Christopher P. for the supply to dry up. But in five years or Andersen of People.) out about a prospective buyer's background. The dealer should definitely have more so I think we would see the beginning of the Just how many handguns are there in the end of wholesale terror on the streets. U.S. today? guidance, more access to government records Almost one for every family. Of the 135 on known undesirables. GUNS AND THE POLICE CHIEF m1llion firearms, at least 40 mlllion are hand­ Are the existing laws being enforced? According to surveys, over 70 per cent of guns. And the traffic in handguns is stag­ Not really. Not many officials like to cross the American people support legislation that gering: 2.5 million guns a.re manufactured or the National Rifle Association, one of the would control the ownership of handguns. imported each year into this country. most powerful lobbies in the country. This has been true for many years, despite What is the toll taken by the handguns? But aren't most Americans in favor oJ the outcry of the gun.lobby whenever the sub­ Each year handguns are involved in at gun control? ject is raised. But many people who are con­ least 300,000 violent crimes, including 11,000 Polls taken since the late 1930s consistent­ cerned about crime and crime-control have murders, 175,000 armed robberies, 100,000 ly show that around 70 percent favor stricter been confused as to where law enforcement aggravated assaults, 4,000 suicides and 3,000 gun controls. More than 40 percent actually leaders stand. The impression has been cul­ accidental deaths. To show you what this favor banning handguns altogether, except tivated by the gun-promoters that serious­ 1neans, during the peak years of the Viet­ for use by the police. minded law enforcement officials oppose the nam war 42,300 Americans were killed in Why then have no stronger laws been control of handguns. That impression has combat. During those same years 103,000 enacted? been augmented by the gun lobby lectures of civtlians were murdered in the United States. There is fear and confusion in the minds Los Angeles Police Chief Edward Davis. CXXI--2181-Part 27 3~632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 Well, law enforcement ca.me to Washing­ on the Oahe Conservancy Board as evi­ Alongside-the­ ton the other da.y, a.nd by the time a. hand­ Present Oahe Missouri Pressler denced in last November's election; the ful of chiefs of pollce from some of the na­ project alternative break in solid citizen support which was tion's largest cities finished tell1ng the Sen­ ate Government Operations Committee where recently shown by the action of the 8. Water pol­ Severe ______Slight League of Women Voters and the South they stood, a compell1ng case against per­ lution. missive handgun policies ha.d been ma.de. In 9. James River Channelize the None. Dakota Farmers Bureau in endorsing a · fa.ct, some of the senators were ta.ken aback Impact James. moratorium on construction; and the by the forthrightness with which they spoke 10. Total poten­ 200,000 to 500,000 ___ Well over 1,000,000 legislative impasse on Oahe resolutions tial irriga­ acres. on the subject. Chief Hubert W1111a.ms, tion. at the 1975 session calling for a morator­ Newark, N.J.: "Dealing with crime a.t the lo­ ium. I might add that as a Republican cal level is dependent to a. great degree on ll. BACKGROUND candidate for Congress in 1974 and com­ whether or not strict federal controls on mitted to a moratorium on construction handguns will be introduced. The fa.ct of the Mr. Speaker, on May 7, 1975, I became matter ls that local efforts to control hand­ funding, I received my largest majority the first member of the South Dakota in Brown County--one of the Oahe coun­ guns cannot succeed without strong national delegation to ever raise any questions controls." ties-and normally a heavily Democratic Los Angeles County Sheriff Peter Pltchess about the Oahe project before a con­ stronghold. called the nation's gun mania. a "plague" gressional committee. On that date I These developments which have lit­ a.nd underscored the need for congressional asked for a moratorium in construction erally exploded overnight have raised the action by reminding the committee of recent funding. Later, on the floor of the House specter that the Oahe unit may not be news events. "It is a national disgrace," he of Representatives, during debate on gen­ built--or drastically changed from its said, "when we must fear for our President's eral appropriations I read a letter from life every time he ls within shooting range of original plan. Therefore, I believe that the Environmental Protection Agency consideration of alternatives is necessary the public." And the director of the Secret stating that Agency's objections to ap­ Service told the committee that "handguns if South Dakota is to assure itself of the have to rank near the top" of his organiza­ proving the Oahe irrigation plan as pres­ beneficial use of waters impounded in the tion's worries when trying to protect the ently proposed. Since that time there Missouri River reservoirs. President. . have been many editorial criticisms of If the State legislature schedules a ref­ Police chiefs from Atlanta., Sa.n Antonio my actions-particularly in the Huron erendum on Oahe for next spring, and a.nd Boston added their voices to the de­ and Aberdeen newspapers. Indeed, at­ if that referedum results in a negative mand that Congress move swiftly to enact tached to this proposal is one such critical vote, I contend that we should preserve a comprehensive gun control law. They do editorial which illustrates the height of not represent all the police chiefs in the the congressional authorization of nearly country. They represent the big cities-and feeling that has arisen on this issue. $400 million and seek annual appropria­ the nation's largest county-where the mes­ I support a referendum on the Oahe tions from this ongoing, existing author­ sage ls clear that crowded urban civilization irrigation project. However, since my ization for alongside-the-Missouri irriga­ a.nd handguns do not mix well. days of working on irrigation projects tion. Similar project changes have been Now the question is whether Congress ca.n in the U.S. Army as an assistant to David made in numerous States on numerous act on that message. The majority-by far­ Lilienthal-one time Chairman of the projects. The basic authorization need o! the public has repeatedly said it wants ac­ Tennessee Valley Authority-I have be­ not be lost: it could be converted in June tion. Now the police chiefs have ma.de it come convinced that irrigation is futile of 1976 to appropriations for other proj­ clear that they want action too. What stands If between the desires of the people and the if it does not have grassroots support. ects in South Dakota. performance of their leaders? Mostly the our State legislature does have a refer­ POSSIBLE AREAS OF mRIGATION gun lobby with its political intimidation and endum on the project, and if that refer­ The concept of alongside Missouri misleading slogans. The question is whether endum indicates the people do not want River irrigation is hardly new. Some pre­ there is enough courage in Congress to sa.y the project, it does not mean that South "no" to the gun lobby once and for all. Dakota must lose the basic authorization liminary studies have been made of these for the project. areas, but these have never been given The nearly $400 million that have been the major attention accorded Oahe. This authorized can be preserved without a was understandable in the past when the OAHE: A POSITIVE ALTERNATIVE Oahe project was sailing along full steam. new authorization and appropriated on But now that there are problems-we an annual basis to develop an irrigation must examine other alternatives more HON. LARRY PRESSLER project immediately adjacent to the Mis­ comprehensively. Private irrigation de­ souri River. I would not propose doing velopment along the Missouri River is al­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA so unless the farmers and citizens in ready on the move. The State Depart­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those areas indicated through referen­ ment of Natural Resources was recently Friday, October 31, 1975 dum that they wanted irrigation. My reported to have issued permits for irri­ point is that an end to the Oahe irriga­ gating 123,587 acres directly out of the Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. Speaker, first, I tion project does not mean that South include the following summary sheet: Missouri. Permits for some 27,000 acres Dakota necessarily must lose irrigation­ were issued in 1975, giving evidence of I. SUMMARY SHEET indeed, by shifting the appropriations to the rapidly developing interest. Thirty projects closer to the Missouri we might new permits were issued for river irriga­ Alongside-the­ have irrigation from 3 to 5 years while tion in Union County this year. Present Oahe Missouri Pressler the Oahe project will require between project alternative Also, in recent conversations with a 12 to 15 years at the optimum. representative of an irrigation equipment IF AN ALTERNATIVE IS ADOPTED, WILL OAHE FUNDS 1. Cost per acre _ $1,766 ______$500. firm in Ft. Pierre, we were advised that 2. Time for 12to20yr______3to5yr. BE LOST FOREVER many more farmers are looking into completion The Oahe irrigation project, like its sis­ sprinkler irrigation systems with pump­ after proj- ect devel- ter-the Garrison Diversion Unit, may be ing directly from the Missouri. This opment in serious trouble with environmental­ movement is proceeding without direct 3. A!~~~t\f 90,000 acres ______Almost none if pipe ists, farmers, legislators, taxpayers, and Federal investments al though, of course. farmland used. Very small youth. Some signs are quite ominous­ there has been a great deal of State and destroyed amount if ditches increasing opposition within the U.S. by project used. Federal technical assistance. The piece­ features. Government itself through the Environ­ meal private development of alongside 4. Project plan- Bureau of Individual farmers mental Protection Agency and the Presi­ river irrigation illustrates graphically ning. Reclamation. or groups of farmers if they so dent's Environmental Quality Council; that irrigation is indeed feasible today choose. growing farmer opposition has led to the with new technology in sprinkler irriga­ 5. Relocation ____ 50 farm families and None. 120 cottages. formation of the United Family Farmers, tion. I daresay that studies made 10 years 6. Land 110,000 acres ______Very little, if any. comprised of a combination of dry-land or more ago can hardly be up to date. acquisition. 7. Environ- Stream channeliza- No stream channel­ farmers, large operators, environmentally I envision the development of a series mental tion and several ization and very concerned farm operators, and older of Missouri River irrigation districts op­ impacts. thousand acres of few wetland acres farmers resistant change; increasing wetlands sacrificed, if any. to erating alongside-the-Missouri River and destroyed. farmer opposition in the representation extending away from the Missouri River October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS '34633 with central water supplies provided pri­ degradation problems. As of this time, I Walworth County; and three for the marily by pipelines or smaller canals. I know of no serious environmental prob­ Oahe subdistricts close to the Missouri understand that there is new technology lems that would be encountered. River. The Oahe project envisages some­ being developed that promises a dozen to Ill. PROPOSAL where between 200,000 and 400,000 acres. 100 center-pivot rigs can be served from Irrigating adjacent to the Missouri IV. CONCLUSION a single system. River-a plan for a possible alternative On balance, I believe that this proposal Certainly, if we can develop alongside to the Oahe irrigation plan or a possible should be considered as not only a rea­ river irrigation privately on 125,000 acres, supplement to the Oahe irrigation plan. sonable alternative to Oahe, but as a as we have already done, or are in the The plan would involve irrigating with posible add-on if that project survives. process of doing, it would be possible to the use of pumps and pipes in an area 50 With the water available, and we should expand this figure to 1 million acres if to 100 miles immediately adjacent to the never forfeit it, we need to expand our we make a concerted effort. Indeed fu­ Missouri River on either side and in par­ vision beyond considering the Alongside­ ture use permits have been issued for ticular in those counties where irriga­ the-Missouri River irrigation as an after­ over 1,500,000 acres of land that might tion permits have already been issued thought and consider it as a top priority. be irrigated directly from the Missouri and where there is a growing amount of That is what I hope my proposal will do. River. We know that stretching along the private irrigation. The counties that have However, this is not a grand plan for the 300-plus-mile stretch of the river there land that is irrigable, and in many cases bureaucrats, but rather one which the have been numerous proposals including more irrigable than the land in the Oahe people are evolving slowly for themselves Shamrock, Pollock-Herreid, and the BCD area include: Campbell-particularly the as evidenced by the growth in irrigation project in the Ft. Randall Conservancy Pollock-Herreid proposed area; Wal­ along the river. As a public policymaker, Subdistrict. worth-particularly the proposed Sham­ I think we have an obligation to assist in Others are in the talking stage. Many rock irrigation project; Dewey; Potter; providing leadership to encourage these of these should go forward-and in addi­ Sully; Hughes; Buffalo; Lyman; Brule; piecemeal efforts and to develop the tion on the Missouri River slope in cen­ Gregory; Charles Mix; Douglas-the means by which this movement can tral South Dakota, there is a potential proposed Ft. Randall conservancy sub­ expand. for one or more projects. I will work for district BCD project; Bon Homme; The late · senator Francis Case and speedy congressional appropriations of Yankton; Clay; and Union. other early supporters were not for Oahe these new projects where there is a favor­ The idea of irrigating immediately ad­ irrigation alone, but saw the bigger pic­ able cost-benefit ratio, and a referendum jacent to the Missouri River is not new­ ture of Missouri River development. I that people want them. However, in but for some reason the Bureau of Rec­ hope to help in that great effort. I wel­ many cases, the lengthy congressional lamation has designed it to carry water come your comments and suggestions to approval procedures should be bypassed nearly 180 miles to begin irrigation while this proposal. Whatever is done in the and State-local-private funds used to much irrigable land immediately adja­ future should be with grassroots inputs carry out development. The industrial cent to the Missouri is being ignored. The and with referendum by the people in­ bond concept should be ~: tended to water problem of runoff waters in the James volved. It is possible that the people of dtivelo:oment projects. River would not exist because most of the our State will decide against irrigation in COSTS runoff waters could be channeled back many instances. This is a question of It seems to me that it is elementary into the Missouri. Private irrigators along values, but such a value judgment should that the closer we can irrigate to the the Missouri utilize pumps and pipes as rest with the people. opposed to digging canals. As the sum­ river, the lower the cost. I am a-dvised mary on page one indicates, irrigating V. ATTACHMENT-A CRITICAL EDITORIAL that in one instance a farmer operator adjacent to the Missouri River first would The attached editorial contains a good near Pierre will make an investment of result in virtually no land being destroyed deal of critical analysis of an Alongside­ over $350,000 to irrigate nearly 1,000 while the present Oahe plan calls for de­ the-Missouri alternative plan. Although acres and the irrigation consultant be­ struction of between 90,000 and 110,000 the editorial is highly critical of me, I in­ lieves this would be increased to $500,000 acres. clude it because the statistics it cites if maximum utilization were sought. This Congress has made a basic authoriza­ shed a good deal of light on the irriga­ is a cost factor of approximately $500 tion for irrigation in South Dakota-if tion controversy in South Dakota. I per acre inclusive of pumps, pipeline, and the plan should be changed that authori­ would contend that the fa.cts cited center-pivot sprinklers. While this may zation could be retained and the specific strongly support Alongside-the-Missouri be considered low due to the proximity annual appropriations changed to sup­ irrigation as a possible alternative. The to the river, advantages of scale coming plement and support irrigation imme­ editorial was run in two major South with a large central pump and distribu­ diately adjacent to the Missouri River. Dakota daily newspapers-in the Huron tion system would probably offset disad­ Daily Plainsman on September 21, 1975, vantages of distance up to a reasonable Irrigation could be achieved more quickly close to the Missouri River-private ir­ and in the Aberdeen American News on point. rigators have shown that substantial September 23, 1975. Compare this with the costs of the The editorial follows: Oahe unit where public investments, ac­ amounts of land can be irrigated from cording to a fact sheet issued earlier this 1 to 5 years. The present Oahe plan en­ PRESSLER-NAIVE OR? visages from 12 to 15 years of prepara­ Proponents of water development in South year, are placed at $1,766 per acre an~ Dakota should be happy to learn that First this only brings the water to the farmers tions before it is operational. The basic costs of irrigating close to Disrtict Congressman Larry Pressler has fi­ land. The farmer will still need to invest nally conceded that irrigation will work in in the sprinkler and water distribution the Missouri are much less. According to South Dakota. even though this revelation is system on his own land. A complete fi­ the Bureau of Reclamation's own figures, couched in strange and naive terms. nancial analysis would undoubtedly see the costs per acre for the Oahe irrigation Pressler said Wednesday that he has come this disparity narrowed as certain sunk project will be at least $1,766-while pri­ up with a reasonable alternative plan for vate irrigators adjacent to the Missouri the Oahe Irrigation project. He thinks that costs in the reservoir and ma.in pumping the Bureau of Reclamation has overlooked units would need to be redistributed if are accomplishing their task for less than $500 per acre. natural irrigation possibllities along the Mis­ the Oahe project were not developed as souri River. And he suggests that around a originally planned. But it does give me Also, more land could be irrigated ad­ million acres of land along the Missouri River some basis to believe that the ranges sug­ jacent to the Missouri River than under could be found that is suitable for irrigation, gest that the alongside river plans would the present Oahe project. a project that could be developed in two or have favorable C/B ratios and merit Indeed, future use permits have al­ three years as an alternative to Oahe. ready been issued for 1,500,000 acres of What Pressler himself has overlooked is more serious developmental efforts. all of the research, planning and work that Last, would these projects meet the land that one day might be irrigated directly from the Missouri River. These has been going on over the pa.st 15 or 16 years critical environmental test? Tests lead in the state he is attempting to represent. me to believe that the soils in these areas permits included for over 1,000,000 acres The Bureau of Reclamation did conduct an are sandy loams which are much less issued to the Lower James and Ft. Ran­ exhaustive survey of the Missouri River pe­ conducive to salt and water build-ups. dall Conservancy sub districts; one for rimeter which was completed in 1959. At that Return flows could be accommodated by the Pollock-Herreid project in Campbell time there were several feasible projects that the Missouri River itself without serious County; one for the Shamrock project in showed promise but later were put on the 34634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 shelf, either because of lack of local interest ders of our country's maturity and Mr. Zuidema will tell you, "I'm not as spry or lack of economic feasibility. The Oahe evolvement during this past century and as I was a few years ago. My eyesight is project had and has both, another fact that activity participated in the vast com­ dimmed. I've got a hearing aid, any my legs Rep. Pressler chooses to ignore. are not as strong as they used to be. Other­ However, the state of South Dakota and munion of effort among our people that wise I'm fine." the conservancy subdistricts (the locally has achieved the highest preeminence A deeply religious man, he says, "Life has elected entities of government responsible and esteem as a representative democ­ been good to me simply because God has been for water resource development that Pressler racy among all nations throughout the good to me. Without faith in God there is no refuses to listen to) have not been idle. world. I ask you and our colleagues here fulfillment in life here or after this life. According to the Department of Natural in the Congress to join with me in ex­ "ETERNAL LIFE" Resources in Pierre, the office responsible for tending our warmest greetings and f elic­ this sort of thing, permits for irrigating di­ "My faith in God gives me assurance of itations to my good friend and great eternal life. My days on this earth are num­ rectly out of the Missouri have been issued American, the Honorable Richard Zui­ bered, but there's a glorious future waiting for 123,587 acres of land. This is nearly one­ for me in Heaven." fourth of all of the acreage (537,200 acres) dema of Prospect Park, N.J., in observ­ ance of the lOOth year of his birth. The Zuidema home has a large pipe organ for which irrigation permits have been issued which this old gentleman still plays. Wednes­ in the entire state. Since coming to the United States day night, with his children gathered around In addition, future use permits (excluding from the Netherlands in 1890, Mr. Zui­ him, he played his favorite hymn while they Oahe) have been issued for 1,500,840 acres of dema has earned the fullest confidence sang the words. land that might one day be irrigated directly and respect of his fellowman. The qual­ from the Missouri River. These permits in­ Old age has never hampered his activities. clude one for 1,150,000 acres issued to the ity of his leadership, his standards of Just a few weeks ago he attended Sunday Lower James and Ft. Randall conservancy excellence, and sincerity of purpose are night worship services in the church he at­ subdistricts; and three for the Oahe subdis­ mirrored in the success of his achieve­ tends. Last fall he went away for a three day trict; one for 305,000 over and abve the Oahe ments, the richness of his wisdom, the motor trip with two of his children to the project, one for Pollock-Herreid in Campbell warmth of his friendship, the strength Poconos, and last December he attended a County for 25,200 acres and one for the dinner at the Wayne Manor. of his doctrines, affection, and respect Mr. Zuidema's last plane ride was at the Shamrock project in Walworth County for among his family members, and the re­ 20,640 acres. age of 95 years when he traveled to Grand This comes out to a considerably larger freshment of his musical artistry. Rapids, Mich., to be present at the college With your permission, Mr. Speaker, I graduation ceremonies of his youngest grand­ acreage than Pressler had in mind, but the daughter. subdistricts and the state have done a great would like to insert at this point in our deal more research in this area than the historical journal of Congress a news It's a pleasure to hear this old gentleman congressman has. And none of this has ever article that appeared in the September 19 ~alk about the past. He recalls, "When Pres- been considered an alternative to Oahe. 1dent Teddy Roosevelt was running for presi­ issue of the Paterson Evening News, one dent in 1904, he campaigned in Paterson. He As for developing all or a major part of of New Jersey's most prestigious newspa­ this in two or three years, it is difficult to decided to pay a visit to Mrs. Garret Hobart, believe that a freshman congressman could pers, under the byline of the highly re­ the vice-president's widow. President Roose­ be so naive. Pollock-Herreid has been in the respected news correspondent, Bert velt came up Haledon Avenue, which then planning stages for a dozen years and the Nawyn, which presents a centennial was just a dirt road, in a horse-drawn buggy local support has been very enthusiastic. profile of Richard Zuidema, the coun­ and stopped at the corner of North 11th Even though the project is economically fea­ cilman, the financier, the educator, the Street and Haledon Avenue to make a cam­ sible the Congress has failed to authorize it. paign speech. I was standing on the front organist, the religious man, the man porch of the house on the corner and listened This is the way federal projects work, and next door, the family man, the lovable a congressman should know this. to him talk." Efforts have been made, unsuccessfully, to senior citizen of our Eighth Congres­ Mr. Zuidema later bought that house, have the Shamrock project funded with state sional District, State of New Jersey. The which in the late 1920s was moved about 30 funds. Efforts to steer state funds into irri­ news article is as follows: feet to make way for the corner building now gation development are being revived again [From the Evening News, Sept. 19, 1975] housing Wilkins Formal Wear. in Pierre, but even if they are successful these RICHARD ZUIDEMA AT 100: "Goo HAs BEEN UP TO DATE funds will be limited, and large scale progress GOOD TO ME" Although age has dimmed his eyesight, will be slow. (By Bert Nawyn) he has been able to keep up with world South Dakota needs the million plus acres events by listening to tapes he receives from of irrigation that can and wm be developed PROSPECT PARK.-Rlchard Zuidema of 208 various publications, including the Reader's directly out of the Missouri River. It also Fairview Ave. is 100 years old today. Open Digest. needs the Qahe project. Neither can be con­ house, to afford his many friends an oppor­ A staunch Republican, he admits to voting sidered an alternative for the other. tunity for a short visit, will be from 2 to 6 for only one Democrat. At the age of 97 years Congressman Pressler would serve his state and 7 to 9 p.m. he voted for Rep. Robert A. Roe. better if he would spend a little more ti.me Mr. Zuidema, who during his business ca­ Mr. Zuidema was born in The Netherlands researching his ideas and a little less ti.me reer was also known as Richard Southman, and, with his parents and brothers and sis­ putting out uninformed press releases that has probably lived in Prospect Park longer ters, came to this country in 1890. His father make him appear either naive or stupid. And than any other resident. He moved into the died aboard ship and was buried at sea, leav­ he might begin by talking with some of the borough before it broke away from Man­ ing his mother to care for a large family in people in the conservancy subdistricts and chester Township, 85 years ago, during the a strange land. Very shortly after coming to state government who have been doing the presidency of Grover Cleveland. the United States, the family settled in Pros­ things he is beginning to dream about. This pioneer of the community has led an pect Park, which was to become a borough active life. He has never shunned work or 11 years later. responsibility. He ls one of the founders of As soon as he arrived in this country, Mr. the Prospect Park National Bank and still Zuidema established himself in the construc­ OUR NATION SALUTES THE HONOR­ serves as director emeritus. tion business and was for years a well-known ABLE RICHARD ZUIDEMA OF He was a founder of the Prospect Park builder of homes and commercial buildings. Savings and Loan Association and served !or Mr. Zuidema has been a reader of The PROSPECT PARK, N.J., UPON THE years on the board of directors of that insti­ News since the year it began publishing. CELEBRATION OF THE CENTEN­ tution. Until a few years ago, he attended His children who are celebrating his birth­ NIAL YEAR OF HIS BIRTH meetings of the board of directors of both fi­ day with him are William Zuidema of Bloom­ nancial institutions and was a bank ap• ingdale, Miss Grace Zuidema, Mrs. Ethel Van praiser. Dyke, Mrs. Dorothy Roukema and Nicholas HON. ROBERT A. ROE SERVED ON COUNCIL Zuidema, all of Prospect Park, and Mrs. Carrie OF NEW JERSEY Mr. Zuidema also served as a councilman Vroom of Florida. Also, numerous grandchil­ dren, great-grandchildren, and great-great­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the borough. For years he was president of the Board of Directors of the North Fourth grandchlldren. Friday, October 31, 1975 Mrs. Zuidemas, the former Gertrude Udes, Street Christian School before that school died 23 years ago. Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, as our Nation's consolidated with five other Christian schools Bicentennial Celebration moves forward to form the Eastern Christian School Associ­ Mr. Speaker, Mr. Zuidema is 100 ation. years young and I am especially proud and America places its house in order In the Second Christian Reformed Church to receive visitors throughout the world of the borough, he served as organist for to seek this national recognition of his to relate the history of our United States, 55 years, director of the choir for almost an contribution to our society. He is a great it is indeed my privilege and honor to equal number of years, and as an elder in American whose pursuit of happiness in point with pride to a leading citizen of the consistory of the church. our country has richly endowed the cul­ our community who has seen the won- How does it feel to be 100 years old? tural, recreational and educational en- October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3.4635 deavors of our community and truly per­ I immediately thought to myself, this must finished I was taken down and returned to sonifies the quality of life in our United be the "good guy" of the team. I felt like my cell. The day passed, periods of question­ States of America. We do indeed salute laughing at the transparency of their tech­ ing a nd torture alternating with fitful rest. nique, yet it was bliss to hear a pleasant A CHANGE OF CHARGES the Honorable Richard Zuidema of Pros­ voice. I had nothing to hide from them; pect Park, N.J. 'Tiha.t evening I dozed off, only to be they could get no more out of me by kind­ a.wakened when Major Mala, chief inquisitor ness than by force. I decided to enjoy the of the Fourth Army, opened the peephole respite. It lasted an hour or so. The next about an inch and said, "Fred, we're begin­ session was with the "bad guy," as were all ning to have second thoughts about you. TORTURE IN BRAZIL-PART Il subsequent ones that Tuesday. 'We're beginning to think maybe you're Sometime in the evening, while hung on connected to official organs." "Uh" was my the cell door, I was surprised by the turn­ only response. "Yes, we know you're guilty, HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON key opening the peephole and wordlessly of­ or we wouldn't have brought you here," he OF MASSACHUSETTS fering me a piece of bread and a glass of said, "but we think now you might be work­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES water. As I had had no food or water at all ing for the CIA. How about it?" since my breakfast Monday morning, I was Friday, October 31, 1975 "No thank you," I said. "I've got enough nearly overwhelmed by the unexpected hu­ trouble alreaidy." With that he shut the peep­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, in manity of the gesture, especially as his hole and I lay there for a moment. Then I clandestine manner suggested he was act­ began to laugh to myself. They must really yesterday's REcoRn I inserted the first of ing on his own. The jailer asked me if it a two-part account, appearing recently be confused by now, I thought. They bring was true that I was a pastor and I said it me in for being a Communist and want to in Harper's, of the degrading circum­ was. He shook his head in obvious confusion send me out as a CIA agent. I flirted with the stances surrounding the arrest, late last and closed the peephole a.gain. idea of leaiding them along a bit on the CIA year, of an American citizen in Brazil. I wa.s ta.ken back for another hour or· so line, to see if I didn't fare better, but I soon I am inserting the second part of the of questioning and then returned to the cell, decided it was too risky. Moreover, If I ever text for the benefit of my colleagues: with a bathroom stop on the way. Now, how­ got out, I didn't want to have to answer ques­ ever, for the first time, I was not hung on IN THE PRESENCE OF MINE ENEMIES-PART II tions from the American government about the door, but simply shoved into the cell, the having pretended to be a CIA agent. With (By Fred B. Morris) handcuffs removed. There was no bedding at that I drifted off to sleep. I was unstraipped, handcuffed, and then all, not even a blanket. I was still wearing It must have been around midnight when dragged off, again to be hung on the cell only my shorts, but I was so tired that I'm they came for me a.gain. I obediently put on door. I was to pass the rest of the night not sure I even missed the amenities as I my hood, still warm. from having served as standing up, my hands shackled to the door took off the hood and folded it for a plllow my pillow, the handcuffs were fastened be­ directly in front of my eyes. My left wrtst and lay down on the bare concrete and fell hind my back, and once more I ma.de the was quite swollen by now, a.nd the handcuff a.sleep. Once or twice during the night I thirty-yard trip to the torture chamber to was cutting into the flesh, cutting off the a.woke as someone opened the peephole to the accompaniment of the Twenty-third circulation. My body was aching all over, my look in at me, but I was otherwise allowed to Psalm. There I was m-ade to sit down ,and was head was throbbing, I was thirsty and very sleep through tlll morning. greeted by the major a.nd one of his col­ tired, but I had a. strange feeling of exhilara.­ At a.bout 6:30 the jailer woke me by open­ leagues. "Fred," began the major, "to be or tion. I had made it through the day. They ing the peephole to ask if I wanted some not to be, mt is the question." Obviously he haid done everything ait least once, and I had bread and coffee. I did, and afterward I had been practicing that little bit in English survived. I didn't have any idea what Tues­ started off to the first of the day's encounters, for a while. He continued in English, "Are day would bring, except probably more of affirming once again the Shepherd's Psalm. you a Communist, or a.re you a. C'IA agent?" the same, but I had maide it through this I felt much rested from the night's sleep "Did it occur to you that I might not be day, I could make it through the next. For and was hopeful that maybe we were reach­ either?" I replied, in Portuguese. "Oa.n you some reason, I remembered the AA dictum ing an end. imagine that I might be just what I a.m, a that one should stay sober one day ait a. time. In the chamber, my hopes were dashed. In­ former missionary who is trying to make an Can one survive torture the same way, one stead of being strapped to the chair, I was honest living in business here in Recife and da.y at a. time? hung by the handcuffs from a hook high who happens to have some firiends that you Now I began fantasizing tha.t they would over my head and close to the wall. don't like?" release me. I knew that prisoners were often My chief tormentor began by saying that "Fred, we wouldn't have brought you here dumped on the street ait night when the they were tired of my lying and that today I if we weren't sure you are guilty. Your case army was through with them, and, though was going to confess my sins one way or an­ was discussed and discussed before we had I did not really believe their promise to let other. He started by asking when I had intro­ you brought in. I can say that we suffered me go after getting Luis's aiddress, they might duced Luis to Dom Helder, and, when I said much more trying to decide if we should do it. I desperately wanted to believe they never, he struck me in the middle of the bring you in or not than you have suffered might. I began to think about what I would back with his fist, then slapped me on the here." do. I conjured up the image of myself. arriv­ back of the he-ad. Even though I was hooded, "I doubt that very much,'' I answered. "But ing a.t my flancee's house, the embrace we as always, the blow smarted and stunned me. if you were so sure of my guilt, then why all would have, the joy I would have in reassur­ These blows were followed by a rapid-fire the questions? If you have any real evidence, ing her that I had survived. It was an image series of questions and more beatings. I could which you haven't mentioned yet, why not I was to nourish often during the days a.head. hear them questioning Luis in the next just take me to court, rather tha.n torturing I knelt to relieve my aching legs. Often, at room, since they apparently had left the door me?" intervals, I took advantage of the symbolic open. He sounded only semiconscious; his position and prayed. I didn't pray for deliver­ "Look, you are here to answer questions, answers to their questions were only moans not ask them." He then proceeded to rehearse ance; my idea of God does not include the and grunts. Lone Ranger. But I gave thanks for having the string of coincidences a.nd circumstantia.l survived so far and prayed for strength. My inquisitor now produced a new (to me) evidence that they haid against me, most o:f A couple of hours after daylight, they ca.me gaidget. He began rolling what must have it based on depositions made by people I again. I was ordered to replace my hood, the been a spiked wheel over my back, scratching had never met who haid implicated me while door was opened, the handcuffs were removed the skin. As I flinched he laughed and being tortured. My friendship with Dom and refastened behind my back, and I was led pushed down harder, closing some sort of Helder a.nd with Luis, which I had never off for more questioning. Again I found my­ electric circuit and giving me a shock. This denied, were the only concrete things on the self affirming the Psalm: "The Lord is my was to be the procedure: the wheel was whole list. ·We went round and round a few shepherd ...." passed back and forth, and each time I more times before I was taken back to my After about an hour of torture, I was re­ refused to answer he pressed the device down cell and hung on the door to spend the rest turned to my cell and left hanging on the into my naked back, closing the circuit. of the night standing up. door again. I could still hear Luis. His After what seemed like forever, he That night was the worst. I began thinking screams were more varied now, mostly weak­ stopped and walked a.way, leaving me semi­ once again a.bout what I would do when and er, and occasionally he burst forth with a conscious and dangling by the handcuffs on if I finally got out. Would I be allowed to series of barkings. I couldn't imagine what the wall. Suddenly I felt someone coming up stay in Brazil? What would I do if I went horror they were practicing on him; noth­ to me again, and I braced myself for the back to the States? It was then that I re­ ing they had done to me had produced that pain. A piece of cold metal was placed on solved to tell my story to as many people as kind of noise. my chest and I flinched. A voice said, very would hear me. Afraid that I might forget Sometime Tuesday morning I was taken quietly, "It's all right. I'm not going to hurt the details of these days before I could set to another room and seated in the armchair you." The cold metal moved to another spot them down, I rehearsed everything verbally, again, my arms and legs strapped as before. and I perceived that it was a doctor's from Monday morning to that moment. I But this time no wires were attached to me. stethoscope. Apparently they wanted to went over every session of torture, remem­ Now a new voice began, saying quietly, check my heart to see how I was bearing up. bering every word said and every barbarity "Fred, how a.re you feeling?" Nothing more was said, but as soon as he practiced. I recalled my own feelings, mo- 34636 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 31, 1975 ment by moment, up to that hour. I decided the consul, as I would be coming back to officially informed that I was to be expelled to do that at lea.st once a day until I got my cell. from the country and was delivered over to to a typewriter or tape recorder, even if it As it happened, I told the consul every­ the federal police. I was taken to my home to took months, or years. I knew that that was thing, and he, for his part, offered me the pa.ck a suitcase and to sign a power of at­ the only way to keep the story straight. After strongest assurances that the highest au­ torney over to my financee's father to handle a couple of hours, I had told myself the whole thorities would see to it that I be tortured my affairs in Brazil. Then I was ta.ken to thing. Then I started composing, in Portu­ no longer. He could do nothing, however, Federal Police Headquarters, where I spent guese, a poem of protest, dedicated to my about any charges that might be brought the night on the floor of an office. fiancee. I had never before written a poem, against me, and I would of course have to Arrangements had been made for me to but I found it diverting, and even exciting, return to my cell. His very presence was a meet with my future father-in-law a.gain on trying to tell something of myself and my welcome reminder of a world of reason and Wednesday morning to go over my affairs. I beliefs to my future wife. I would compose predictability, and he also brought news that was also to go to the bank and get some a strophe, repeat it a dozen times so as not my fiancee's parents had hired a lawyer for money, and was promised an hour with my to forget it, and go to work on another. I me. This was very risky for them, and I was financee for making our plans. was to spend many hours in the next days on moved to tears by the gesture. However, on Wednesday morning, at 8:10 this project, composing, rearranging, polish­ Once again in my cell, after the interview, I was informed that I should get ready, as I ing. I was required to give up my clothes and was ta.king the 9 :00 a..m. plane to Rio. In ten Dawn finally came, and a new jailer arrived all other symbols of so-called civilized man. minutes I found myself in a station wagon, with coffee and a piece of bread. After break­ Once more I found myself sitting on the racing with siren screaming toward the air­ fast I was allowed to take a bath in the floor of my cell in my shorts, wondering if port. wretched bathroom next to my cell. This was that interlude of quasireality had been only When I arrived, I saw Mr. Brown and four a great relief since I was beginning to find a hallucination. friends at the other end of the terminal, my own smell one of the worst parts of the It must have been about 7:30 when they waiting for me. The police agents clearly torture. Back in my cell I was permitted to sent for me again. Hooded and handcuffed, didn't want me to sepak to anyone, but I lie down. I was led off to the chamber where my prin­ delayed, fussing a.bout my suitcase until they It must have been about 8:30 when they cipal torturer was waiting for me. In a caught up with me. Then, ignoring the mut­ ca.me again. One of my interrogators now ex­ most businesslike fashion, he told me that terings and fussing of the police agents, I plained that the reason I was always hooded I was to make a formal statement about my embraced my friends, one by one, thanking was t hat I would then be unable to recognize ten-and-one-half years in Brazil, all that I them by coming and tearfully receiving their them on the streets and so could not try to had done, my relations with Dom Helder, good wishes. Then I was taken by the a.rm, kill them. The questions continued much as Time, and Luis. He was going to take it all and accompanied by Mr. Brown, was led to they had the day before, with particular down, it would then be typed, and I would the waiting plane. Mr. Brown said my fiancee efforts being made to persuade me to confess be asked to sign it the next day. was on her way, but he didn't know if she to being a CIA agent. I was not beaten or It must have taken three or four hours, but would make it, as there had been an acci­ shocked during the sessions on Thursday, at least we were done. He called the jailer to dent. and traffic was jammed up. and most of the time I was allowed to sit escort me back to my cell, and then he de­ On the plane I was seated in the front row, down . In the afternoon the major returned. cided to go along. As we came near my cell, with an armed guard by my side. Major Maia "Fred, how do you feel? Everything okay?" he said, "So you turned us all in, huh?" With came on boa.rd to bid me farewell, and, after he asked cheerfully. "Just great," I re­ that he gave me a violent kick and walked hesitations that I meant to be obvious, I sponded. "Never better." I don't know why I away. I confess that it didn't hurt at all: I shook his extended hand. I thanked Richard had the courage to be sarcastic, but his saw how frustrated he was and realized that Brown profusely for all he had done for me, cheery friendliness provoked me. I was, in fact, safe from real harm at his and he was escorted off the plane by the "Well," he continued, "as you know, Brazil hands. major. belongs to the community of nations. We I awoke on Friday with the certainty that At 8:55 I saw some commotion at the foot have treaties with many countries, including the worst was over, and with the hope that I of the stairs leading up to the plane and the United States. One of those treaties gives would soon be released. My jailer said that saw Tereza, with Mr. Brown in tow, coming you the right to see your consul, so of course all the little signals were that they were get­ up the stairs. Without even thinking, I we are going to let you do that. We are going ting ready to let me go. I assumed, and he climbed over my startled guard and met her to have you take a bath, shave, put on your confirmed, that people were almost always at the head of the stairs for what can only clothes, and we will take you to see your released at night, so I waited impatiently for be described as a Hollywood embrace. With consul. I just want you to remember that you nightfall. tears streaming down both our faces, we are to speak only in Portuguese since we This was to become a pattern. Each day hugged and kissed for a.bout ninet y seconds want to know what you are saying. Afterward began with the promise that it would be my while being nulled into the plane where the you will be coming back here, so be careful last one in prison. After my morning coffee, press wouldn't see us, until Tereza., having not to exaggerate anything that has hap- I would do some exercises in my cell-push­ promised to follow me as soon as she could, pened to you up to now." . ups, sit-ups, running in place; then a bath, was forcefully taken from me and off the I was standing in front of him, my head dressing (my clothes getting riper each day), plane. At nine o'clock, we took off for Rio, hooded, naked except for my shorts, my off for a ride, head covered, through the where I was to pass the day in a jail cell be­ hands manacled behind my back. My wrists streets of Recife for about fifteen minutes, fore being placed on a Va.rig flight t o New were cut and bruised, the left one sprained, only to return to Fourth Army Headquar­ York, by armed guard, at 11 :00 P.M. that I had no feeling in either hand, and my back ters for a fifteen-minute encounter with the evening. was scratched and bruised, as were my but­ consul, Richard Brown, in Colonel Meziat's I was to discover later that Tereza, arriv­ tocks. I had spent two of the pa.st three office. Mr. Brown would bring me news of ing late, had actually jumped over the wall nights standing up, had had only one meal Tereza and my friends and family, and tell separating visitors from the apron and had of any sort in four days, had been threatened, me how things were going in general. He run out to the plane, with no authorization beaten, cajoled, kicked, and shocked into would inquire about my treatment in great from anyone. When Mr. Brown saw her he unconsciousness. But at the end of his little detail, and through much insistence, grad­ ran to meet her and insisted that she be speech I burst out laughing. ually secured the return of some of the allowed to say goodbye to me.)• "What in hell a.re you laughing about? amenities of life. (After five days I was given As the plane arrived at Kennedy Airport There's nothing funny about your situation." a mattress; in a few more I began to get "I'm sorry, but I just thought of a joke." in New York at about 8:00 A.M. on Thursday, edible food.) He had no word ever a.bout my October 17, the man seated next to me looked "Jesus Christ! How can you think of jokes? possible release. What is it?" up from the Rio English-language pa.per he I told him I had remembered, while he The questioning continued, but only spo­ was reading, pointed to a headline saying was talking, the old story about President radically. Sometimes I wasn't questioned for that I was a.bout to be expelled from the Eisenhower's visit to Moscow. The Russians, an entire day, then I would be gr11led for country, and said: "I wonder where that poor wanting to show that theirs is an open and five or six hours at a stretch, once even all son of a bitch is now?" I replied: "That free society in which everyone is happy, night. But ea.ch day began with the hope that poor son of a bitch is me." He was shocked brought in a peasant from the interior, put it would bring en end to the nightmare, and into total silence and only recovered in time him on 'IV, and told him he could say any­ each night saw that hope fade into the dark­ to say "Good luck" as we got off the plane. thing he wanted as the American President ness. As my passport had been given to the was there and people all over the world were Twice I heard someone taking a shower in crew, I was escorted by a crew member watching him on TV. The peasant, thor­ the bathroom next to my cell. Thinking it straight to immigration. The immigration oughly intimidated, remained silent. They might be Luis, I began singing hymns in a officer looked at my passport with the bra.nd­ insisted repeatedly that he should say any­ lou~ voice so he would know I was all right. new rubber stamp saying "EXPULSO" covering thing he wanted, until finally he took cour­ The jailer confirmed by suspicion by motion­ age, looked straight at the 'IV camera and ing for me to be quiet. Then I heard Luis be­ said, "Help!" gin to sing softly a famous Brazilian protest • Tereza was eventually allowed to leave The major was so taken aback that he song, "Dlspa.rada," and my heart truly lea.pt Brazil. She and the author were married on had to laugh too, but immediately went on with joy. December 28, 1974, and a.re now living in to warn me again not to say too much to On Tuesday afternoon, October 15, I was Virginia. October 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34637 one whole page and said. "What·did you do?" lag. there are excellent reasons to believe the I think it is especially appropriate that "I was too friendly with the archbishop," I impending spending reductions would mod­ during a time when the citizens of our replied. "Well," he said, "sometimes they do erate the interest-rate effects of temporarily Nation are confronted by very serious strange things down there. Welcome home." higher borrowing. Since the President's pro­ gram includes corporate tax reduction, economic problems, as personified by the crowding out of investment would be further fiscal problems of our Nation's largest moderated by allowing corporations both city, the American Bankers Association THE PRESIDENT'S TAX AND SPEND­ more internal financing and more favorable selected as their leader a man whose ING PROGRAM: SOUND POLICY access to the equity markets. To accept ex­ background and record stresses com­ tension of the 1975 tax cuts but balk at the munity involvement and the positive ac­ President's program, as many of his con­ complishments of the private enterprise gressional critics do, is to swallow an elephant system. ·. HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL and strain at a gnat. OF ILLINOIS More profoundly, it helps to review the Rex Duwe's election and installation is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crowding out debate held last spring. The a significant milestone in banking. His election is a tribute to small community Friday, October 31, 1975 whole. point was that the government does not get a free lunch by covering its spend­ banks throughout our Nation-financial Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the Wall ing by borrowing instead of taxing. Since institutions that truly are involved in Street Journal earlier this week provided this notion is so ingrained, the focus natur­ their communities and synonymous with an excellent analysis of the President's ally was on the distortions caused by bor­ progress. rowing. But we are aware of no proponent of recently announced tax cut/spending the thesis who turned the proposition on Mr. Speaker, at a time when some cut program. its head, saying the government gets a free question the ability of our financial in­ Their conclusion is that the program lunch by covering its spending wholly by stitutions to provide stability and the is sound policy, well conceived to bring taxes. necessary leadership so essential to the about substantial economic benefits for In either case the government takes the successful future of our country, let me the Nation. The editorial rebuts the con­ money away from private citizens, and in say I believe the leadership of the Ameri­ cerns of some in the financial commu­ either case it directs the subsequent spend­ can Bankers Association is in good and nity, and places the issue squarely where ing toward consumption rather than savings. capable hands. With lower saving and less incentive to in­ to it belongs: On the imperative that the vest and produce, there is lower private in­ I commend the attention of my col­ Federal Government reduce the share of vestment and lower economic growth. The leagues the following newspaper article the gross national product which it is way to a.void this is to leave the resources in, from the Lucas-Sylvan News. The article consuming. the privaite sector to begin with; that is, sums up very well the contribution Rex That is the prescription for economic to reduce government spending. and Winnie Duwe have made to their progress for the Nation, and it would be We can see from Great Britain what hap­ home community, their State, and the the result of the President's program. pens when the government takes an ever­ leadership Rex has and will provide to The program, for this reason, is sound, increasing share of national production. In the American Bankers Association and and deserves the support of the Congress. Great Britain that share is now about 60%, this Nation: which is far above the U.S. level, but stands J. Rex Duwe, president o! the Farmers For the benefit of my colleagues, I as a warning that past a certain point a would like to have the editorial printed State Bank of Lucas, was installed as presi­ vicious spiral takes hold. In the U.S. gov­ dent of the American Bankers Association here in the RECORD: ernment took about 25 % of the Gross Na­ in New York City on October 8. The presi­ [From the Wall Street Journal, Oct. 28, 1975] tional Product in 1955, Climbing up to dent and chairman of the board o! The around 27 % in the early 1960s. The Great A BUM RAP Farmers State Banko! Lucas and The Trad­ Society boosted the plateau to about 32 % . ers State Banko! Glen Elder and director of While President Ford's tax-cut and spend­ The current recession is taking it higher, to ing-ceiling proposals have finessed and dis­ The Sylvan State Bank has served the past 37% in the second quarter this year. It re­ year as president-elect of the national or­ concerted his Democratic opponents in Con­ mains to be seen if this new figure goes down gress, they have drawn a coolish reception ganization. with economic recovery. Duwe is the second Kansan ever to be from much of the President's natural con­ The President deserves great credit, it stituency. In particular, sentiment runs elected president of the ABA, P. W. Goebel, seems to us, for devising a program to deal Kansas City banker served in 1916-17. strong in the business community that the with this problem, or at least focus national program is purely political. His election and 'installation is a signifi­ attention on it. He probably ought to send cant milestone in banking, a significant The reason for this reaction is not hard to ~p spending cuts that take place January 1, see. As proposed by the President, the $28 step for a Kansas banker from Lucas who 1f only to further clarify the political issue. will carry the colors o! small community billion tax cut would take effect when with­ But if he is willing to abide by this pledge holding rates are set January 1, and the $28 banks throughout the nation. to veto tax cuts unaccompanied by spending Duwe, and his wife, Winnie, travel con­ billion cut in projected spending would take reductions, we do not see how he can be effect with the fiscal year starting October 1. stantly throughout the United States and faulted on the grounds of either crowding Kansas. That is, taxes would be reduced and the econ­ out or political courage. omy stimulated well before the election, but Despite all his travels outside the state, It seems to us that the President's natural Duwe finds time to fill engagements in Kan­ the unpopular cuts would come so close to constituency should be telling him not that the election their effects might not be felt sas. He spoke at the Kansas Bankers As­ by November. his program is political, but that he had sociation Convention in Topeka and con­ In the intervening nine months, also, the better make sure he does have the courage ferred diplomas to bankers attending the program would increase the federal deficit to carry out the veto threats. Kansas School of Agricultural Banking in and government borrowing demands. Henry Manhattan. Kaufman of Salomon Brothers estimates the During September he spent considerable federal borrowing needs in the first half o! time in conference with ABA officials in 1976 will be $29 billion if the 1975 tax cuts preparation for the convention in New York are allowed to expire, $35 billion i! the cuts SMALL TOWN BANKER PROVIDES City. The format of the convention was de­ are extended and $40 billion if the President's ABA LEADERSHIP signed to maximize banker participation in program is enacted. Presumably the higher the ABA's educational activities and increase borrowing will drive up interest rates and banker awareness o! the historical signifi­ exacerbate the problem of government bor­ cance o! the industry and its contributions rowing crowding out private investment. HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS to the U.S. economic development. This is perfectly straight-forward logic OF KANSAS Duwe is strong in belief that today's bank­ with which we fundamentally agree. But to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES er must practice what he preaches about the extent the President's program is judged community involvement. His favorite speech by analysis going no further than this, it is Friday, October 31, 1975 before banker groups ls "The community getting a bum rap. For the expenditure limi­ banker must get involved". tations were ever enacted, they would have Mr. SEBELIDS. Mr. Speaker, for the The civic leader has been active on a na­ a profoundly beneficial economic effect. I! :first time in the history of the American tional scope with ABA the past few years. Congress does not enact them, at least the Bankers Association, the President of the He has served as chairman of the ABA's President is forcing the right issue, acting ABA is a small town banker. Earlier this Special Task Force on Regulation Y-the politically not in the worst sense but in the month J. Rex Duwe, President of the Federal Reserve Board's regulation concern­ best one, trying to find a political solution ing bank holding companies. He has been a to a political problem. Farmers State Bank of Lucas, Kans., was member of the association's Government In the first place, if the President's pro­ installed as president of the American Relations Council and the ABA's Adminis­ gram were enacted even with the nine-month Bankers Association in New York City. trative Committee. 34638 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE November 3, 1975 Closer to home, he has served as vlce­ the Lucas board of education and city coun­ of Kansas, who ma.de an appearance at Radio chairman and executive committee member cil chairman. City Music Hall, site of the convention, to of the Kansas Development Credit Corpora­ Among his hobbies is planning and taking present Mr. Duwe with a proclamation from tion and chairman of the Wichita District cruises on cargo ships. Kansas Governor Robert F. Bennett pro­ Advisory Council for the Small Business Duwe often speaks on the free enterprise claiming Wednesday, October 8, 1975, as J. Administration. He is a past head of the system; many of the talks have been pub­ Rex Duwe Day in Kansas, and to congratulate Kansas Council on Economic Education. lished and widely circulated. him on behalf of the people of Kansas for At Lucas, he has been mayor, treasurer of A surprise visitor to the ABA convention his many accomplishments and his newest the Wesley Methodist Church, director of in New York was Shelby Smith, Lt. Governor honor.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Monday, November 3, 1975

The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to omissions of a member or civilian employee Rabbi Mendel L. Abrams, Beth Torah the present consideration of the bill? of an armed force of that party done in the Synagogue, West Hyattsville, Md., of­ Mr. McKAY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ performance of official duty, or arising out of any other act, omission, or occurrence for fered the following prayer: imous consent that the bill be passed which that armed force ls legally responsible It once happened that a famous moun­ over without prejudice. under applicable United States law, and tain climber was being interviewed by a The SPEAKER. Is there objection to causing damage in the 'C"nited States, or a. journalist. "Why do you climb moun­ the request of the gentleman from territory, Commonwealth, or possession tains?" asked the reporter. "To get to the Utah? thereof; those claims may be prosecuted There was no objection. against the United States, or settled by the top," was the reply. "Why do you want United States, in accordance with the agree­ to get to the top?" "In order to see other ment, as if the acts or omissions upon which mountains," answered the climber. AMENDING SECTIONS 2734a(a) AND they a.re based were the acts or omissions of On this day, November 3, You, O God, 2734b(a) OF TITLE 10, UNITED a. member or a civilian employee of an have given us another opportunity to STATES CODE, TO PROVIDE FOR armed force of the United States.". scale the heights; to lift ourselves nearer SETTLEMENT, UNDER INTERNA­ Mr. DANIELSON. Mr. Speaker, the to Thee. TIONAL AGREEMENTS, OF CER­ bill, H.R. 7896, was introduced in accord­ May those of us blessed with the oppor­ TAIN CLAIMS INCIDENT TO tunity of serving our fellow men, utilize ance with the recommendations of an NONCOMBAT ACTIVITIES OF THE executive communication from the De­ our inner strength and commitment to ARMED FORCES help lift others toward the heights. Help partment of the Air Force in behalf of the The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 7896) Department of Defense which recom­ us, O God, to draw ever nearer to Thee. mends its enactment. Amen. to amend sections 2734a (a) and 2734b (a) of title 10, United States Code, to The Status of Forces Agreements typi­ provide for settlement, under interna­ fied by those entered into by the United THE JOURNAL tional agreements, of certain c~aims in­ States under the North Atlantic Treaty provide for the reimbursement or pay­ The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ cident to the noncombat activities of the armed forces, and for other purposes. ment to the other country for claims ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ which are settled or adjudicated under ceedings and announces to the House his There being no objection, the Clerk such Status of Forces Agreement. These approval thereof. read the bill as follows: agreements provide that the receiving Without objection, the Journal stands H.R. 7896 state shall investigate, settle, adjudicate, approved. Be it enacted by the Senate and House and make final a wards direct to claim­ There was no objection. of Representatives of the United States of ants when the claim arises out of the America in Congress assembled, That title 10, United States Code, is amended- acts or omissions of members of a force MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT or a civilian component of the sending ( 1) by amending section 2734a. (a.) to read state done in the performance of official A message in writing from the Presi­ as follows: "(a.) When the United States is a. party duty and claims arising out of other acts, dent of the United States was com­ to an international agreement which pro­ omissions, or occurrences for which a municated to the House by Mr. Marks, vides for the settlement or adjudication and force or civilian component is legally re­ one of his secretaries. cost sharing of claims against the United sponsible under local law. The usual re­ States arising out of the acts or omissions imbursement under the agreements is of a. member or civilian employee of an armed made on a pro rata basis of 75 percent of MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE force of the United States done in the per­ the amount paid by the receiving state. formance of official duty, or arising out of Section 2734a provides the authority for A message from the Senate by Mr. any other act, omission, or occurrence for Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced which an armed force of t'he United St.ates the reimbursement of other countries for that the Senate had passed a bill of is legally responsible under the law of an­ claims settled and paid under a status the fallowing title, in which the concur­ other party to the international agreement, of forces agreement and the parallel lan­ rence of the House is requested: and causing damage in the territory of such guage of section 2734b provides the au­ S. 1699. An a.ct for the relief of Mrs. Hope party, the Secretary of Defense or the Sec­ thority for the United States to settle, Namgyal. retary of Transportation or their designees pay, and seek reimbursement for claims may- settled under such an agreement which " (1) reimburse the party to the agreement arise in the United States as the result of for the a.greed pro ra.ta. share of a.mounts, property loss, personal injury, or death CONSENT CALENDAR including any authorized arbitration costs, The SPEAKER. This is Consent Cal­ paid by that party in satisfying awards or as the results of military activity of for­ endar day. The Clerk will call the first judgments on claims, in accordance with the eign forces which may be present in the bill on the Consent Calendar. agreement; or United States subject to a status of forces "(2) pay the party to the agreement the agreement. As presently written, sections agreed pro rata share of any claim, includ­ 2734a(a) and 2734b(a) do not clearly ing any authorized arbitration costs, for fully implement the agreements because PROVIDING FOR DISPOSITION OF damage to property owned by it, in accord­ FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO PAY the language does not specifically refer ance with the agreement."; and to claims for which an armed force of the JUDGMENT IN FAVOR OF COW­ (2) by a.mending section 2734b(a.) to read LITZ INDIANS as follows: United States is legally responsible as "(a) When the United States ls a party provided in the status of forces agree­ The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 5090) to . an international agreement which pro­ ments. to provide for the disposition of funds vides for the settlement or adjudication by The basic principle for claims settle­ appropriated to pay a judgment in favor the United States under its laws and regu­ ments under status of forces agreements of the Cowlitz Tribe of Indians in In­ lations, and subject to agreed pro rata reim- is that the claims will be settled by the dian Claims Commission docket num­ bursement, of claims against another party receiving state; that is, the state in bered 218 and for other purposes. to the agreement arising out of the acts or which the United States has forces, as if