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M U It I Resou Rce Forest Statistics for Molokai, Hawaii

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M U It I Resou Rce Forest Statistics for Molokai, Hawaii United States Department of Agriculture Mu It iresou rce Forest Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Statistics for Resource Bulletin PNW-136 June 1986 Molokai, Hawaii Michael G. Buck, Patrick G. Costales, and Katharine McDuffie This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Text errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. Authors MICHAEL G. BUCK and PATRICK G. COSIALLS are resource evaluation foresters with the Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wild- life in Honolulu, Hawaii. KATHARINE MCDUFFlt is a computer programmer/analyst at the Pacific Northwest Research Sta- tion, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 3890, Portland, Oregon 97208. Abstract Summary Buck, Michael G.; Costales, Patrick G.; lhe island of Molokai, Hawaii, totals McDuf f ie, Katharine. Mu1 t i resource 163,211 acres, of which an estimated forest statistics for Molokai, Hawaii. 57,598 acres are forested --23,494 acres Resour. Bull. PNW-136. Portland, OR: classified as timberland and 34,104 acres U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest as other forest land. Previous inven- Service, Pacific Northwest Research tories show an additional estimated Station; 1986. 18 p. growing-stock volume of 4.2 million cubic feet on forest plantations, and an esti- This report summarizes a 1983 multire- mated total volume of 5.5 million cubic source forest inventory of the island of feet of a fuel-producing species growing Molokai, Hawaii. lables of forest area, on other forest land. Erosion occurs on timber volume, vegetation type, owner- only 7 percent of the island, the major- ship, land class, and wildlife are ity (85 percent) outside the forest re- presented. serve. Although conditions were less than optimal for the observation of wild- Keywords: Forest surveys, multiresource life, various species of birds and evi- inventory, statistics (forests), Hawaii. dence of mammals were seen. The ratio of alien to native birds was about 8:l. The native ecosystem continues to be affected Preface by the invasion of introduced plants and animals. Fire is becoming a major threat Forest Inventory and Analysis is a na- in vegetation type conversion. tionwide project of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, author- ized by the Forest and Rangeland Renew- able Resources Research Act of 1978. Work units of the project, located at Forest Service Research Stations, con- duct forest resource inventories through- out the 50 States. The Pacific Northwest Research Station at Portland, Oregon, is responsible for inventories in Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington, and the western Pacific. Contents Introduct ion lable 1 -Area by owner and forest reserve status, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 Inventory Procedures Observations Table 2---Area by vegetation type and owner, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 Ownership, Forest Reserves, and Vegetation lypes lable 3 -Area by vegetation type and for-- est reserve status, island of Molokai, 4 Land Classes Hawaii, 1983 4 Vo 1 umet ric Informa t ion lable 4- -Area by land class, island of 5 Other Forest Resources Molokai, Hawaii, 197-1 and 1983 7 Discussion lable 5.--Area by land class and owner, 8 Reliability of Inventory Data island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 8 Terminology ia.ble 6- -Tree volume on timberland by 10 Tables class of timber, island of Molokai, 16 Names of Plants Hawai i , 1983 17 Names of Animals lable 7---Total tree volume on timberland 1 -1 Acknowledgments by species and diameter class, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 17 Metric Equi Val ents 18 References lable 8 -Number of live trees on tim- berland by species and diameter class, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 Table 9 -Area of forest plantations by forest reserve, owner, and forest type, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1967 and 1979 lable 10 -Volume of sawtimber and grow- ing stock by species and owner class in forest plantations, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1967 and 1979 Table 11 --10-minute bird count, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 Table 12 -Number of birds counted by for- est type, plot number, elevation, and species, island of Molokai, Hawaii, 1983 Introduction Resource information about. Hawaii Is for- ests is greatly needed. Only on a fac- tual basis can plans be effectively made for proper management of these important lands. lhe increasing awareness and de- mands on our natural resources point out the need and value of effective resource information for planning and management locally, regionally, and nationally. Earlier forest inventory work in Hawaii emphasized the collection of timber- volume data. This is reflected in the first inventory of Hawaii's forest re- sources, which was conducted in 1958-61 as a cooperative arrangement between the State of Hawaii and the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. The results were published in the report "Forest Resources of Hawaii - 1961" (Nelson and Wheeler 1963). A second cooperative inventory was carried out between 1969 and 1971, and its results were published in the report "Hawaii's limber Resources - 1970" (Metcalf and Figure 1 --Mature 45-year-old others 1978). lhis report provided a EIK~I~~~USsaiigna planta- new assessment of the forest resource as tion in the Molokai Forest well as important information on forest Reserve. growth and mortality. In addition, two inventories of Hawaii's Forest resource inventories within what planted forests were done (fig. 1). was then called the Hawaii Division of From 1965 to 196-/, the two cooperating Forestry emphasized the acquisition of agencies made detailed inventories of timber volume data. Recent reevalua- the forest plantations and published the tions, prompted by more comprehensive results (Wong and others 1968). In 1977, planning and assessment needs, have under the State of Hawaii Biomass Energy given rise to a multiresource inventory Tree Farm Program, an inventory was con- perspec t ive . ducted of the younger forest plantations established in the 1960's and 1970's, Multiresource inventory is a relatively and results were published in the report new concept in which collection of field "Forest Plantation Survey - Biomass data is designed to encompass the needs Energy Tree Farm Program" (State of of as many disciplines as possible. It Hawaii 1984). Most of the information optimizes fieldwork and standardizes data planted forests in this report is on collection, thereby facilitating transfer from these earlier inventories. and use of information between disciplines. 1 The Resource Evaluation Section of the Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife conducted a program evaluation in early 1981 which identified the mandates for resource data gathering, the present amount of compliance with those mandates, and recommendations for future programs. A key recommendation that was implemented was a thorough determination of the cur- rent inventory needs of the Division of Forestry and Wildlife. A list of these needs was incorporated into a study plan, and work was begun with preliminary tech- nical assistance from the Forest Serv- ice's Pacific Northwest Research Station on an actual multiresource inventory de- sign. The new design was necessary to incorporate existing timber volume data elements and new biomass requirements with other multiresource data elements. Based on this framework, a cooperative . agreement between the Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife and the USDA Forest Service was formalized. Although the scope of the work under the agreement-- Molokai Island -did not allow total Figure 2--An example of the acquisition of statewide resource infor- diverse vegetation types mation, it provided a mechanism for test- found in a stream bottom in ing inventory procedures and developing Pelekunu Valley on Molokai's report formats. north shore. Many stream sites were used for taro The island of Molokai was selected for cultivation by the Hawaiians the pilot study because of renewed public and are now covered by kukui interest in energy self-sufficiency, and guava forests. manageable size, and diversity of land classes (fig. 2).-.I/ Inventory Procedures The Molokai fieldwork was completed in 1983, and the results of the inventory The survey design combines information are presented in this report. from both aerial photo points and ground field plots in a double sampling proce- dure. A total of 855 sample points -1/ See "Terminology" for defi- spread out over the island were analyzed nitions of terms used in this from aerial photographs taken in 1977. report. A total of 11 categories, which included ownership, land class, vegetation type, and zoning, were recorded for each photo point. The area estimated (tables 1-4) for a given category is proportional to the number of photo sample points in that category. 2 Of the 855 points, 67 were selected as Observations ground field plots throughout the island. These field plots provided a secondary The findings of the multiresource inven- sample for the inventory and ground tory of Molokai are presented in tables checks for the photo interpretation. 1-12. Tables 1-3 are derived from the Additionally, on the field plots, a 855 photo points which were the primary variety of data elements---ground type sample of this inventory. Minor differ- class, tree characteristics, measurements ences within and between tables are for computing timber volume, vegetation attributed to rounding errors. The fol- profiles, impact of noxious vectors, and lowing discussion selects highlights wildlife observations --were collected. from these tables and provides perspec- tive by indicating their meaning in Each field plot was carefully located relative terms. and permanently referenced on the ground so that it can be located and remeasured Ownership, Forest Reserves, in subsequent inventories. Each plot and Vegetation Types consisted of an array of subplots, de- pending on the "land class" of the The island of Molokai comprises about s amp 1e d p 1o t ; f o r e x a mp 1e , I' t im b e r 1a nd 'I 163,211 acres, of which 71 percent is plots had seven subplots, "other forest privately owned (table 1).
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