1943 ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4459 peath of Han. HARRY L. ENGLEBRIGHT, late a APPOINTMENTS IN THE REGULAR CORPS, EFFECTIVE that I heard last night of the death of Representative from the State of California. ON DATE OF OATH our colleague from California, HARRY Resolved, That a committee of four Sena To be assistant surgecms ENGLEBRIGHT. I regret that J was not tors be appointed by the Vice President 'to join the committee appointed on the part James Lloyd Elliott present late last evening when the an of the House of Representatives to attend Lloyd Frederic Summers nouncement was made on the floor of I the funeral of the deceased Representative. IN THE NAVY the House. want the RECORD to show, Resolved, That the Secretary communicate however, that I join with his many these resolutions to the House of Represent Capt. Laurance T. DuBose to be a rear ad friends both in and out of Congress in atives and tr-ansmit a copy thereof to the miral, for ·temporary service, to rank· from expressing my sorrow at his passing and family of the deceased. September 21, 1942. Rear Admiral Charles P. Snyder, when re my sympathy for his wife and son. The Under the second resolving clause the tired on August 1, 1943, . to be placed on the friendship between us and our wives be Presiding Officer appointed the Senators retired list with the rank of admiral. gan when I came here, for we lived at from California [Mr. JoHNSON and Mr. PosTMASTERS the same place for several years, and the DowNEY], the Senator from Utah [Mr. ARIZONA friendship became more intimate as time MURDOCK], and the Senator from Nevada wore on. [Mr. ScRUGHAM], the committee on the Warren D. Judd, Fredonia. HARRY .ENGLEBRIGHT was a man of the part of the Senate to join with the.com ARKANSAS highest character, the finest of principles, mittee on the part of the House to at Scott L. Kirkpatrick, Forrest City. a man w)lo Imew and understood the tend the funeral of the deceased Repre Harold M. Austin, Murfreesboro. value of true friendship. I shall miss him sentative. Robert L. Slaughter, Sheridan. more than I know how to express. Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. President, I wish The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes to say that in the death of Mr. Engle the gentleman from California [Mr. bright, California has lost one of its WELCH]. - most highly respected, able, and popular HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. WELCH. Mr. Speaker, in the Representatives. His death will be de passing of HARRY ENGLEBRIGHT this body, plored by all. It was a great shock to FRIDAy' lVIA y 14, 1943 the country, and particularly the people all of us who have known him. It is my The House met at 12 o'clock noon. of the Second Congressional District of intention to proceed to California myself The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera California, have suffered a distinct loss. for Mr. Englebright's funeral. Montgomery, D. D., offered the following Harry and I were elected to Congress Mr. McNARY. Mr. President, on be prayer: at the same time to fill unexpired terms. half of the senior Senator from Cali He was elected to fill a vacancy in a dis fornia [Mr. JoHNSON], I move that the Heavenly Father, what wilt Thou have trict once represented by his distin Senate do now adjourn as .a further us do? Speak, Lord. for Thy servant guished father for a number of years. mark' of respect to the memory of the heareth. We would ·be eager to Thy call He represented the mining sections of deceased Representative. and strong to comprehend Thy purpose. the State of California. His district em The motion was unanimously agreed We thank Thee for this beautiful world, braced nearly one-fourth of the entire to, and at 7 o'clock and 35 minutes p. m., for the flowers at our feet and for the State. It has the largest geographical the Senate .adjourned, the adjournment stellar clusters in the firmament, for the area of any district in Congress. being, under the order previously birds that sing in the sunshine and for He was born and grew to manhood in entered, until Monday, May 17, 1943, at the worlds that ~on in light, for the the section he so well represented. He 12 o'clock noon. breath of zephyr and for the blast of knew the problems of his people-the storm-wind, over all is the majesty of miners, the mine owners, and operators. CONFIRMATIONS Thy everlasting law. ~ He fought a great battle for the con For all our families, united or sepa Executive nominations confirmed by servation of the huge redwood and pine rated, we ask our Father's care; grant forests ·of the State. The Mariposa the Senate May 14 (legislative day of that all homes may be sanctuaries of May 12), 1943: grove of giant redwoods, the largest and love and happiness. Stimulat~ all our oldest ~iving things upon this earth, is in UNITED STATES TARIFll' COMMISSION people with those IJlasculine virtues-the his district. Lynn R. Edminster to be a member of the obligations of freedom, the spirit of . So devoted was he to the interests of United States Tariff Commission for the term charity and the sense of personal respon the people he represented that the order expiring June 16; 1949. sibility. Give strength to men who are closing the gold and other mineral mines SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION beset by sharp temptations and to lov of his district for the duration of the war Sumner T. Pike, to be a member of the ing women seeking spiritual beauty tor bore heavily upon him. Some of these Securities and Exchange Commission for the home and world. mines extending to a depth of a full mile term expiring June 5, 1948. Dear Lord, a capable and loved· Mem into the bowels of the earth are threat UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE ber has passed through the valley and ened with destruction, for when once TEMPORARY PROMOTIONS IN THE REGULAR CORPS, shadow of death; the presiding spirit of flooded with water they will be irrev EFFECTIVE FROM MAY 1, 1943 a happy home has gone beyond the veil ocably lost, and the miners who have To be temporary medical directors of earth; from his honest and intrepid followed this work for generations will Marlon R. King · soul came a ·character which all men have lost their means of livelihood. As a Walter G. Nelson delighted . to honor. Comfort all to mining engineer, HARRY ENGLEBRIGHT To be temporary senior surgeons whose lips has come the cup of a great knew this as well, or perhaps better, Austin V. Deibert Otis L. Anderson sorrow and give them peace. In our than any man in this Nation. Herman E. Hilleboe Frank F . Thweatt, Jr. Redeemer's name. Amen. The men who own and operate those Lee C. Watkins Ivan W. Steele The Journal of the proceedings of yes mines and the men who were engaged in John A. Trautman John R. McGibony terday was read and approved. this hazardous employment have lost a John R. Heller, Jr. true and sincere friend. THE LATE HONORABLE HARRY LANE To be temporary surgeon'! The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes ENGLEBRIGHT Waldo B. Edwards the gentleman from California [Mr. Robert A. Hingson Th~ SPEAKER. The Chair desires at TOLAN]. To be temporary passed assistant surgeons this time to recognize Members who were Mr. TOLAN. Mr. Speaker, Hon. Richard K. Winston Ralph R. Nix not here yesterday afternoon, and who HARRY ENGLEBRIGHT died yesterday and I. Ray Howard Trawick H. Stubbs desire to speak on the ·life and character we were all deeply shocked and grieved To be a temporary dental director of our late colleague. at his passing. An intimate and personal The Chair recognizes the gentleman friend of mine for many years I deem it William T. Wright, Jr. from Texas [Mr. THoMASON]. · a personal loss. . · To be a temporary dental surgeon Mr. THOMASON of Texas. Mr. Harry was one of the ·kindest, finest, Edwin· M. Short . Speaker, it was with profound sorrow and gentlest gentleman I have ev~r 4460 CONGR·ESSIONAL RECORD-1-IOUSE MAY 14 known in my life. His high position as friend. Heedless of his personal welfare Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. minority whip for many years required he labored faithfully to the last. Speaker, reserving the right to object, I him to assemble Members for roll and No Member of Congress, House or understand .this is the bill that was in quorum calls and to acquaint Members Senate, has ever been held in higher troduced by our colleague the gentle with pending legislation. These duties esteem, more beloved, or highly re woman from Ohio [Mrs. BoLTON]. · made him one of the best known and spected by his colleagues than HARRY Mr. BULWINKLE. This is the bill that most loved Member in the House. ENGLEBRIGHT. By reason of his passing, was introduced by her. I never heard him say an unkind word the people of California and the Nation Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Will of another. Harry is gone. We will fol have suffered a great loss. We join in the gentleman explain the bill to the low him, but while here, his life will be sharing the grief of his family and ex House? · an inspiration to us in determining how tend to them our deepest sympathy. Mr. BULWINKLE. This bill, Mr. best to carry on. The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes Speaker, provides for the training of Harry called hundreds of Members to the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. nurses for the armed forces, for govern hundreds of roll calls. He has answered WHITTINGTON]. mental activities, and for civilian hospi his last call. Who knows but ~hat he is Mr. WHITTINGTON. The unex tals. We are badly in need of some not with us today in spirit for ,he is cer pected death of my colleague and valued 65,000 nurses. They have to be trained. tainly entitled to the privilege of the floor friend, HARRY L. ENGLEBRIGHT, on Thurs It is hard to get these girls to go into the to whisper advice from realms etern~l. day, May 13, 1943, was a public loss to nursing profession with the WAVES, the Our deepest affection and sympathy go his district, to the Congress, and to the W AAC's, and industry offering them so out to his loving wife, Grace, and his son, country, and a great personal sorrow to much more money. This bill provides Jackson, who is now with the armed me. I extend to his devoted wife and for their training at tlie expense of the forces somewhere in the Pacific. They talented son my sincrrest sympathy. Government. have the consolation to know that no I served with him for almost 18 years Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. And I finer or lovable husband and father ever in the House. For many years we have understand it was reported unanimously walked this old earth of ours than HARRY both been members of the Committee on by the committee. ENGLEBRIGHT. Flood Control. For almost 8 years I · Mr. BULWINKLE. It was reported The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes have been chairman and HARRY L. ENGLE unanimously from the Committee on In the gentleman from California [Mr. BRIGHT has been the ranking minority terstate and Foreign Commerce. ANDERSON]. member of the committee. Our relations Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. have always been most cordial. No gentleman yield? Speaker, it was with deep regret and pro chairman ever had a more cooperative Mr. BULWINKLE. Gladly. found sorrow that I learned of the sud member of his committee. Our lots have Mr. JENKINS. I should just like to den death of our colleague, the Honor fallen in similar places through the years, make this statement: There is probably able HARRY LANE ENGLEBRIGHT. Each of and I numbered him among my closest no person in America better qualified to us who had the privilege of being one of associates. speak on this problem or who has had Harry's friends, and his friends were HARRY ENGLEBRIGHT was an unusual more experience with reference to it than legion, has suffered a keen personal loss. man. ' He was a gentleman to the man the gentlewoman from Ohio [Mrs. BoL It will not be possible to fill the void that ner born. I have never known a more TON], and I am glad the committee has has been caused by his untimely passing. agreeable Member of the House. He pos unanimously supported her bill .. I well recall hoW HARRY ENGLEBRIGHT sessed the qualifications of a good Rep Mr. BULWINKLE,. The ~entleman is took me under his wing when I first came resentative. He was industrious in his correct. . to Congress, a freshman in every sense office and committee work, and attentive The SPEAKER. Is there objection to of the word. His kindly advice and in the sessions Iff .the House. He was the present consideration of the bill? sound counsel were extremely helpful in jealous of the interests of the district he There being no objection, the Clerk guiding me along the proper course. I represented and was devoted to the serv read the bill, as follows: had the honor of serving for 4 years as an ice of the people who elected and re Be it enacted, etc., That for the purpose of assistant to him in the minority whip elected him as a Member of the House of assuring a supply of nurses for the armed organization, and I shall never forget Representatives for nine terms. He was forces, governmental and civilian hospitals, health agencies, and war industries, there are that privilege. effective in the committee and in his con hereby authorized to be appropriated sums Many Members have spoken of his tacts on the floor of the House. He thus sufficient to carry out the purposes of this courteous and gentlemanly ways. What secured· excellent consideration "for the act. Such sums Ehall be used for making finer tribut~ can be paid to any man than district and the people he served. payments to schools of nursing or other in to say that he was a true gentleman and Our lamented celleague was a friendly stitutions which have submitted, and had a loyal and devoted friend. He served man. All entertained for him good will approved by the Surgeon General of the Pub his people, his State, and his country and kindly feelings. He loved his fellow lic Health Service (hereinafter referred to as with honor and distinction. To his fam man, and no Member in the years of my the Surgeon General), plans for nurses' train ing, for making payments under section 4, ily we extend our sincerest sympathy. service has been more highly personally and for all necessary expenses of the Public The Congress has lost a real statesman esteemed by his colleagues. Health Service in administering the provi and I have lost a friend. HARRY L. ENGLEBRIGHT lived the good sions of this .act. The SPEAKER. The Chair recognizes life of his time. He loved his State, and SEC. 2. A plan for training of nurses may be the gentleman from California [Mr. he loved his Nation. He was a patriot. limited to student-nurse training, or to post ELLIOTT]. He was devoted to his friends and loyal graduate or refresher-nursing courses, or may Mr. ELLIOTT. Mr. Speaker, in the to every trust. The House and the coun include both. A plan submitted by any passing of HARRY LANE ENGLEBRIGHT, try can ill afford to spare such a man institution may be approved only if it pro- California lost one of her most distin as he. He will be long remembered by vides- · guished sons, the Nation an outstanding his constituents and by his colleagues. (a) That no student or graduate nurse will leader, and thousands of individuals like be included under the plan unless in the PROGRAM FOR RECRUITING AND judgment of the head of the institution such me a very dear friend. nurse will be available for military or other In all truth and sincerity he loved his TRAINING NURSES Federal governmental or essential civilian · fellow man. His was the smile and the Mr. BULWINKLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask services for the duration of the present war, clasp of friendship. He needed no as unanimous consent for the present con and such. nurse so states in her appncation surances, made no demands, exacted no sideration of the bill (H. R. 2664) to pro for inclusion under the pran; promises. It was enough for him .to (b) That nurses under the plan will be vide for the training of nurses for the provided courses of study and training meet grant the favor, to do the kindly deed, to armed forces, governmental and civilian ing standards prescribed by the Surgeon extend the helping hand. He labored hospitals, health agencies, and war in General; for his country and all its people in a dustries, through grants to institutions (c) That the institution will furnish stu large way, but in a very definite and ac providing such training, and for other dent nurses under the plan (without charge tive way he served each one of his con purposes. for tuition, fees, or other expenses) courses stituents as legislator, patriot, and The Clerk read the title of the bill. of study and training, uniforms, insignia, and 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4461 maintenance In accordance with regulations such institution or organization pursuant to the available supply. Together, the Army of the Surgeon General; section 3 or 4 for such prior period, and shall (d) That the institution will pay student certify the amount so estimated or deter and the Navy are currently recruiting nurses under the plan a stipend at not less mined and so reduced or increased to the 3,000 nurses per month. Many civilian than the. following monthly t.ates: $15 for Secretary of the Treasury. hospitals have been forced to close sec the first 9 months of study; $20 for the (b) The Secretary of the Treasury shall tions of their institutions because it has following 15 to 21 months of combined study thereupon through the Division of Disburse been impossible to secure sufficient per and practice, depending upon the curriculum ment of the Treasury Department and prior sonnel to care for the patients. Hospitals of such institution; to audit or settlement by the General Ac list nurses first among the most critical (e) That the institution will either atrord counting Office pay the institution or organ personnel shortages. Daily the war in student nurses under the plan an oppor ization at the time or times fixed by the tunity to complete their course of training Surgeon General the amount so certified. dustries are requesting additional nurses until graduation at such institution and will SEc. 7. In lieu of payment therefor under to help keep their employees well and on pay such student nurse a stipend at a section 3 the Surgeon General ls authorized the job. In some hospitals, the remain monthly rate not less than $30 for the psriod to procure and provide insignia for student ing nurses are attempting to care for following the period of combined study and nurses under a plan approved under sec twice as many patients as formerly. This practice and prior to graduation, or will tion 2. is not safe for the patients nor for the transfer such student, after completion of SEc. 8. The Surgeon General with the ap nurses whose health will suffer unless they the period of combined study and practice proval of the Federal Security Administrator secure relief. Careful estimates of the and prior to graduation, for training in some is hereby authorized to promulgate such rules other institution, but only if such training and regulations as may be necessary to carry military and civilian needs during the may be credited toward graduation, and the out the purposes of this act. Such rules and next fiscal year indicate that the serv institut ion to which the nurse is transferred regulations shall be promulgated after con ices of at least 100,000 additional nurses agrees to pay her a stipend at a monthly rate ference with an advisory committee of not will be needed to meet military needs and of not less than $30 until graduation; and less than five members consisting of repre to maintain for the civilian population (f) That where extramural credit toward sentatives of the nursing profession, hos standards of nursing care which existed graduation can be given under the law of pitals, and accredited nurses' training insti in 1941,. and no one admits that those the State in which the institution is located, tutions. The members of the committee shall such institution will make transfers to Fed be appointed by the Federal Security Admin were ideal standards. eral hospitals, under the conditions specified istrator. The members of the committee The Federal aid program-training for in subsection (e) , in any case where a stu shall not receive any compensation for their nurses, national defense-which was in dent nurse desires such transfer and appro services on the committee, but shall be re itiated 2 years ago has helped, but the priate request for· such transfer is made on imbursed for all necessary travel and sub scope of that program is entirely too lim behalf of such hospital. sistence expenses (or receive a per diem in ited to solve the present problem. It was SEc. 3. From the sums appropriated there lieu thereof not to exceed $10 to- be fixed based upon the incentive principle-only for the Secretary of the ·Treasury shall pay by the Federal Security Administrator) while those 'Schools which could increase their each institution, with a plan approved un away from their respective places of residence on the business of the committee. student admissions over peacetime levels der section 2- were eligible. The measure specifically ( 1) with respect to items furnis~ed stu · SEC. 9. This act shall cease to be in effect dent nurses thereunder, amounts deter upon the date of the termination of hostilities prohibited the payment of cash allow mined by the Surgeon General to compen ln the present war as deter.mined by the ances to students and the amount of aid sate such institution for- President or upon such earlier date as the for tuition, maintenance, and instruc (A) reasonable tuition and fses for the Congress by concurrent resolution or the tional costs was limited. Two years ago courses of study and training; President may designate, except for purposes the competition for womanpower was (B) reasonable maintenance provided pur of (a) making computations, payments, and not so keen as it is today. War industries suant to section 2 for the first 9 months of adjustments in payments with respect to re their course of study and training; cruitment, training, and courses prior to such and the uniformed auxiliary services of (C) uniforms and insignia, provided in ac date, and (b) making computations, pay the armed forces are recruiting many of cordance with section 2; and ments, and adjustments in payments so as the-young women who were formerly in (D) the minimum rate of stipend specified to permit continuance, after such date, of terested in nursing. Therefore, the re in section 2 for periods prior to completion training and courses by graduate or student cruitment of satisfactory candidates for of the course of combined study and train nurses who were receiving training or courses schools of nursing is becoming. increas ing referred to in such section; and 90 days prior to such date. ingly difficult. (2) with respect to items furnished grad The bill was ordered to be eng1:ossed Nurses are among the few groups uate nurses thereunder, amounts determined and read a third time, was read the third which come to the Army trained for their by the Surgeon General to compensate such institution for reasonable tuition and fees time, and passed, and a motion to recon work. Other workers are inducted and for postgraduate and refresher courses of sider was laid on the table. paid salaries and expenses during the study, and reasonable maintenance for grad Mr. BULWINKLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask learning period. For the most part, uate nurses undertaking postgraduate unanimous consent to extend my own re nurses have paid in cash for their educa courses, or such portion of such amounts as marks at this point in the RECORD, and I tion. At the same time they have been may be d~termined in accordance with reg ask also that the gentlewoman from Ohio rendering a necessary nursing servic~ in ulations of the Surgeon· General. [Mrs. BoLTON] may have permission to the hospital and have helped to replace SEC. 4. The Surgeon General is authorized, graduate riurses who have joined the with the approval of the Federal Security Ad extend her own remarks at this point in ministrator, to enter in to agreements with the RECORD. armed forces. nonprofit organizations for the recruitment The SPEAKER. Is there objection to PROVISIONS OF H. R. 2326 of student and graduate nurses for training the request of the gentleman from North This measure will stimulate recruit and courses under plans approved pursuant Carolina [Mr. BULWINKLE]? ment by providing funds to pay her tui to this act, and to compensate such organi There was no objection. zations therefor, but in no case shall such tion and entrance fees; by furnishing her compensation exceed the necessary cost, as H. R. 2664 a distinctive outdoor uniform and in det ermined by him, of rendering such service. Mr. BULWINKLE. Mr. Speaker, the signia which will identify her v.s one who SEC. 5. Determinations under section 3 or purpose of this bill is to provide· for the is rendering a necess9.ry wartime serv 4 of amounts which any institution Qr or training of nurses for the armed forces, ice; by assuring the student an allowance ganization shall receive shall be conclusive for personal expenses throughout the upon such institution or organization and governmental and civilian hospitals, upon any officer or agency of the Government. health agencies, and war industries, training period. While the amount of SEc. 6. The method of computing and pay through grants to institutions providing money allowed for personal (:)Xpenses is ing the amounts referred to in sections 3 and such training, and for other purposes. limited, it is recognized that the student 4 shall be as follows: nurse is being prepared for a lifetime · (a) The Surgeon General shall from time EVIDENCE OF NEEDS career in a type of work for which there to time, on a prepayment or reimbursement A critical shortage of nurse personnel will be a continuing demand during the basis, estimate or make determination of the exists today. Unless the situation is post-war perioci. amount for each institution or organization, remedied within the next few months, This measure will also relieve the need which amount shall be reduced or increased, for additional nursing service in mili as the case may be, by any sum by which he both the military and civilian populations finds that unadjusted payments with respect will receive inadequate nursing care. tary and civilian hospitals by requiring to any prior period were greater or less than Never before in the history of our country that the period of combined study and the amount which should have been paid to have nursing needs so far overshadowed practice be completed in not more than 4462 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 30 months, thus making the student Nursing, Baltimore, Md., endorsed the five millions of dollars, depending upon available for full-time nursing duty un proposed plan and stated: the number of students who elect to be der supervision at an earlier date. In the past we have had very good response come members of the Student War Nurs Reimbursement for maintenance by to recruitment in our school. • • • How ing Reserve. She emphasized that en the Federal Government to the hospital ever, right now, during the past 4 months ot rollment in "the Student War Nursing Re or school of nursing is provided for the this year, we have noticed a marked decline serve would be voluntary, but that those in both the applicants to the school and the students who receive the benefits first 9 months of the training period -requests for admission to the school and also will when the student is participating very from the standpoint of the type of student must agree to serve in some type of nec little in the nursing service of the hos who is asking to be admitted. We have rea essary nursing work for the duration of pital. Following this preliminary period son to feel that these facts are very signifl· the war and 6 months thereafter. The the hospital will furnish complete main cant in relation to the fact that we do not gentlewoman from Ohio, Representative tenance. The institutions utilizing the have in nursing a program to· offer students BoLTON, also emphasized that this was a services of the student at the comple similar to that which they may receive in war emergency measure and that no tion of the program of combined theory almost any one of the other services of the additional classes will be admitted after 'and practice are required to pay the Government or through industry. the war is ended. stipend and to furnish the maintenance Dr. Claude W. Munger, chairman of Mrs. BOLTON. Mr. Speaker, America during that p~riod. the Council on Government Relations of at war is facing a serious nursing short the American Hospital Association, pre age ·which threatens to undermine the ORGANIZATIONS SUPPORTING THIS BILL sented a resolution of endorsement from health ·of our Nation unless immediate At the hearings on this bill a number his association. He emphasized the steps are taken to relieve the situation. of representatives from Government and great increase in the use of hospital fa Inasmuch as this is a condition stem professional agencies appeared in its cilities in this country and the crying ming out of the war, surely it is not un support, to quote from Dr. Parran, Sur need of all hospitals for more nurses. reasonable to feel that the Federal Gov geon General of the Public Health He stated that- ernment .should shoulder the responsi Service: If it were possible for the hospitals to keep bility for providing a solution to the I may say, Mr. Chairman, that this pro and use for themselves the output of their problem. posal has been worked up very carefully by schools of nursing, this bill and the appro At least 65,000 new student nurses consultation with the various groups con priations necessary for it would not be nec cerned-the professional organizations, train essary, of course, but the country wants and are needed this year to replenish the ing schools, the hospital authorities-and I takes every nurse we can produce and we ranks of graduate nurses who are being think it fair to state that it represents the want our fighting men to have enough nurses, called in ever-increasing numbers to consensus of those who are best in position but, of course, the cost of the production of the armed forces and essential civilian to know the needs and to know the possi a nurse has to be the responsibility of the services. We cannot hope to enroll 65,- bilities of meeting these needs. Government. I believe this situation is very 000 new student nurses without putting urgent and the official' board of my associa them on an equitable basis with students Brigadier General McAfee, Acting tion, the American Hospital Association, Surgeon General of the Army, testified as feels the same. of other essential war professions, trades, follo_ws: and services. We have no right to ex Mr. Chairman, I wish to express the ap Miss Stella Goostray, president of the pect to attract young women to nursing proval of the Surgeon General and the Sec National League of Nursing Education if they must pay the cost of this educa retary of War of the provisions of this bill. and chairman of the National Nursing tion while the Federal Government Naturally the Medical Department of the Council for War Service, presented en-· finances the education of students of Army is vitally interested in the training of dorsements of H. R. 2326 from both of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, veteri nurses in the interest of maintaining women these organizations. Miss Goostray ex nary, ch~mistry, physics, and engineer in the nursing profession not only to furnish plained the program of the National ing. Nor can we expect to attract young us our required number during the emer League of Nursing Education in securing gency, as long as· it lasts, but after the emer women to nursing when they can go gency is passed. the adjustment of the nursing curricu into either war industries or auxiliaries We appreciate that there is great compe lum so that the last 6 months would be of the armed forces and immediately tition for women in industry and in the free for supervised nursing practice with receive both salaries and subsistence armed services, and that the salary, perhaps in civilian or military hospitals. She while training. the glamor, has attracted from the number also emphasized the program of the Na The purpose of H. R: 2664 is to provide of young ladles entering training as nurses. tional Nursing Council for War Service for the training of nurses for the armed We believe that this bill will appeal to a in returning inactive graduate nurses to forces, governmental and civilian hos large number, but it is directly in the inter active practice and in recruiting student pitals, health agencies, and war indus est of the war effort; identifies them with the nurses. war effort and also provides them with a tries, and also to provide refresher and profession which will develop Into a career, Endorsements were also presented by post-graduate courses where they are and be useful to them after the war is the United States veterans' facilities, the needed to bring inactive graduate nurses passed. Catholic Hospital Association, and the back into active service for the war ef At the pr.esent time, under our system of National Organization for Public Health fort. The bill is an expansion of the recruiting, we are almost current with our Nursing and a number of other profes present nursing-education program nurse requirements. We appreciate, how sional and lay organizations. training for nurses-national defense ever, that the local communities are making Numerous letters and telegrams from a marked sacrifice to keep this number up of the United States Public Health Serv to our requirements, and we feel that there representatives of hospital, nursing, and ice. Although the present Public Health is a limit and that eventually the procure lay groups from the various sections of Service program has made a magnificent ment of nurses from civil life will drop down the country were read at the hearings record, it has not proved adequate be- to a point that will not furnish us what and were placed in the record. These - cause,.Jirst, only students needing finan we need. - communications gave specific examples cial aid are eligible and, secondly, the For this reason we feel that this bill will of acute nursing shortages and recom· appropriation has not been large enough stimulate nursing and the study of nursing mended the passage of this measure. and make available to civil hospitals partially to meet the demand. This enlarged trained women who are in course of training THE COST AND DURATION OF THE PROPOSED program under H. R. 2664 will be admin and in ·that way in some sense relieve the PROGRAM istered by the United States Public situation in the immediate future. We also In her introdpctory remarks the gen Health Service, as the previous program appreciate that during the post-war period tlewoman from Ohio, Representative has been, thereby assuring our student there will be an unusual demand for nurses BoLTON, author of H. R. 2326, estimated nurse body the scientific guidance. and both in civil life, public health service, and that the total cost to the Federal Gov experience of the able men and women in the care ·of veterans of this war, and we ernment for the entire period of train of the United States Public Health Serv feel that it is a protective measure. ing would be approximately $1,250 per ice. They will have the benefit of an The director of nursing, Miss Anna D. student, and the annual cost of the pro advisory committee representing nurs :Wolf, Johns Hopkins Hospital School of gram would be between sixty and sixty- ing, hospitals, and educational groups "1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4463 concerned-all of whom are wholeheart Military Affairs may have permission to URGENT . DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATION edly in favor of this new plan. file an amended report on the bill S. 796. BILL, FISCAL YEAR 1943 Provision is made in the bill for paying The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. CANNON of Missouri, from the moderate stipends and maintenance to the request of the gentleman from Ken Committee on Appropriations, reported the student nurse throughout her train tucky [Mr. MAY]? the bill (H. R. 2714) making appropria ing period. The course of study is to be ·There was no objection. tions to supply urgent deficiencies in cer reduced from 36 months to 24 or 30 PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE tain appropriations for the fiscal year month~. depending upon the plan chosen ending June 30, 1943, and for prior fiscal by the individual school of nursing. Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask 'unanimous consent that at the conClu years, and for other purposes (Rept. No. In return for these benefits the student 447), which was read a first and second nurse agrees that upon graduation she sion of the special orders for today I may be permitted to address the House for 10 time and, with the accompanying papers, will serve her country where needed referred to the Committee of the 'Whole most, either in the armed forces or in minutes and also that the gentleman from Pennsylvania n.'A:r. ScoTT] may also House on the state of the Union and essential governmental or civilian insti ordered printed. tutions, for the duration of the war. have permission to address the House for 30 minutes today. Mr. TABER reserved all points of or The act would cease to be in effect upon der on the bill. the termination of hostilities in the pres The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ent war, except that women receiving · the request of the gentleman from Ohio PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE training 90 days prior to the date of the [Mr. JENKINS]? Mr. DILWEG. Mr. Speaker, I ask cessation of the war will be permitted to There was no objection. unanimous consent that on Tuesday, May · complete their courses. Mr. GRIFFITHS. Mr. Speaker, I ask 18, after the disposition of the legislative Those who fear we may be encouraging unanimous consent to proceed for 1 business of the day and other special an oversupply of nurses for the post minute and to revise and extend my own orders, I may address the House for 20 war period should dispel those fears at remarks in the REcoRD and to include minutes. once. As I look into the future, I believe therein a letter from the President of The SPEAKER. Without objection, it nursing will be one of the most important the Ohio Canners' Association. is so ordered. activities, requiring an almost unlimited The SPEAKER. Is there objection to There was no objection. number of nurses; not only will the mili the request of the gentleman from Ohio EXTENSION OF REMARKS tary, naval, and veterans' hospitals be [Mr. GRIFFITHS]? There was no objection. Mr. GORDON. Mr. Speaker, I ask carrying probably the heaviest load in unanimous consent to extend my own their history, but the effects of total war [Mr. GRIFFITHS addressed the House. His remarks appear in the Appendix.] remarks in the RECORD and to include will take an unpredictable toll here, and therein an article written by Dr. Charles our rehabilitation programs will require RECORD OF NINETEENTH CONGRES Wachtl, editor of the Polish Star, pub highly skilled nurses; nor can we stop at SIONAL DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA lished in Philadelphia, on Polish-Russian our own frontiers-all the world will need IN SECOND WAR-LOAN DRIVE relations. the consecrated, intelligent care that only Mr. KUNKEL. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Is there objection? the professional nurse is equipped to give. unanimous consent to proceed for 1 min There was no objection. May I take this opportunity of thank ute and to revise and extend my own Mr. PRIEST. Mr. Speaker, I ask ing the House for its understanding remarks in the RECORD. · unanimous consent to extend my own response to this emergency and the remarks in the RECORD and to include expeditious handling of this bill. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Penn:.. therein an essay entitled "Youth Fights PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE sylvania [Mr. KUNKEL]? for Its Heritage," by Nelson Fisher, of Mr. ELLIOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. the East Nashville High School. unanimous consent to proceed for 1 Mr. KUNKEL. Mr. Speaker, I want The SPEAKER. Is there objection? minute. to call attention to the remarkable rec There was_no objection. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ord and the outstanding achievement of GOVERNMENT ADVERTISING IN SMALL the request of the gentleman from Cal- the Nineteenth Congressional District of NEWSPAPERS ifornia [Mr. ELLIOT'l']? • Pennsyl':ania in the recent second war- Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I There was no objection. -loan drive. The district subscribed for [Mr. ELLIOTT addressed the ~ouse. ask unanimous consent to address the more than double its quota. Indeed, it House for 1 minute. His remarks appear in the Appendix.] exceeded doubling by more than $3,000,- Mr. ELLIOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Is there objection? 000. The chairmen in the three coun There was no objection. unanimous consent to include in the ties advise me that this great success RECORD a telegram from Mr. Loren H. was due to complete cooperation from· Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, Voch, director of the Wasco, Calif., Farm the citizens of every city, borough, ham every Member of this body fully realizes Center. let, and township in the three count;ies. the impossibility of small newspapers The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The allotted quota was $21,553,000; surviving much longer. With no auto the request of the gentlemap. from Cal $46,203,582 was subscribed. It is en mobile, gasoline, tire, machinery, and ifornia [Mr. ELLIOTT]? tirely possible later returns will add to scarcely any dry goods or grocery adver There was no objection. this huge sum. . tisement, how can we expect them long NAVAL APPROPRIATION BILL-1944 to exist? In each of the three counties the We all know that practically every Mr. SHEPPARD, from the Committee allotment· was far exceeded. newspaper in the United States has most on Appropriations, reported the bill Cumberland County subscribed $5,160,- patriotically donated hundreds of col (,H. R. 2713) making appropriations for 516 when asked for $3,459,000-50 per umns of space toward the war effort since the Navy Department and the naval cent over. Pearl Harbor. The great majority have service for the fiscal year ending June Lebanon County bought $6,309,355, contributed thousands of dollars in doing - 30, 1944, and for other purposes (Rept. when asked for $4,309,000-50 percent this even though they are operating at a No. 446), which was read a first and over. loss. second time, and, with. the accompany Dauphin $34,733,711, when asked for Senator BANKHEAD has introduced a ing report, referred to the Committee of $13,785,000-about 2% times the quota. bill in the Senate to aid in the stabiliza the Whole House on the state of the One of the ladies' divisions with a tion program and war effort by using paid. Union and ordered to be ·printed. quota of $60,000 secured over $1,000,000. newspaper advertising in connection Mr. TABER reserved all points of In future as in past campaigns the with the sale of United States War bonds order on the bill. United States of America can count on and for other purposes. Newspapers' AMENDED REPORT ON S. 796 BY THE the Nineteenth District of Pennsylvania stock in trade is their space. The Gov COMMITTEE ON MILITARY AFFAffiS doing more than it is asked to do, not ernment pays liberaliy for everything Mr. MAY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani only in war-loan drives but in all phases else to carry on the war to a successful mous consent that the Committee on of the war effort. · conclusion. Why discriminate against 4464 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 the newspapers? Publicity is mo'st cer take such action, in view of the impor Brown protesting any increase in the tainly a necessary item. I sincerely hope tance of the question? price of crude oil that might necessitate this body and the Senate in the near Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the an increase in the price of fuel oil to the · future will pass the Bankhead bill. gentleman yield? dgmestic consumer. In the past 4 or 5 EXTENSION OF REMA...~KS Mr. REES of Kansas. I shall be glad years there has been an increase of 50 to yield. . percent in the price of domestic fuel oil, (Mr. BLACKNEY asked and was given Mr. PATMAN. There is a resolutiOn which, in the opinion of those of us who permission to extend his own remarks in pending now, introduced day before yes use it in the large cities, has not been the RECORD.) terday, which is intended to express the justified. We hope that Mr. Brown will PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE sense of the Members of the House. not respond to any pressure from cer Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I make tain sections of. the country to the ex unanimous consent that today after the the point of order that.the House is not tent that it would oblige him to increase disposition of the legislative business of in order. I cannot hear the. gentlemen; the price of oil to the domestic con the day and other special orders, the they. seem to be carrying on a conversa sumer. gentleman from Connecticut [Mr. MIL tion between themselves. SOCIAL SECURITY LER] may address the House for 10 min .. The SPEAKER. Each of the gentle Mr. PETERSON of Florida. Mr. utes. men is standing in front of a microphone. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. HOFFMAN. But they are only 6 dress the House for 1 minute and to re There was no objection. or 7 feet apart and we cannot hear them. vise and extend my remarks. Mr. VURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. PATMAN. When this resolution The SPEAKER. Is there objection to unanimous consent to address the House is passed by the House it will express the request of the gentleman from for 1 minute and to revise and extend the sense of the Members of the Hom:e Florida? my remarks and include a letter. on that question. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. REES of Kansas. I appreciate [Mr. PETERSON of Florida -addressed There was no objection. the statement of the gentleman from the House. -His remarks appear in the [Mr. VuRSELL addressed the House. Texas. Appendix.] His remarks appear in the Appendix.] Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, a par - liamentary inquiry. EXTENSION OF REMARKS EXTENSION OF REMARKS The SPEAKER. The gentleman Wlll Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. HAYS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani state it. unanimous consent to extend my own mous consent to extend my own remarks Mr. HOFFMAN. Will what has just remarks in the RECORD and include in the Appendix of the REcoRD and to taken place appear in the RECORD? therein a very significant letter I have include therein excerpts from letters and The SPEAKER. If it is not deleted received from Mr. Maurice L. Jones, telegrams recently received by me. by the Member making the statement. published of the Johnston City
1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4465 Mr. DOUGHTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask is not present. He is nearby, and will be maintain an artificial price on coal for unanimous consent for the immediate here soon, but it strikes me that it is the benefit of the Nation upon the theory consideration of the joint resolution hardly necessary to delay this any fur that we need the coal. 4466 CONGRES.SIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 Affairs, the bill shall be read for amendments heard so much about and to be sure that landing boats should have been built by under the 5-minute rule. At the conclusion these matters get ample consideration. this time, for the purpose of conducting of tbe reading of the bill for amendment the So that this is more or less of an inno a major offensive into Europe and the Committee shall rise and report the same to the House with such amendments as may have vation, because we have an authoriza far Pacific by landing troops in Eu been adopted and the previous question shall tion for this expenditure, whereas here rope and in Japan. We have been in be considered as ordered on the bill and tofore we have-not had it. So I salute this war 17 months. In the last war the amendments thereto to final passage without the distinguished "admiral" from Geor whole war was over in 19 months and intervening motion except one motion to re gia [Mr. VINSON], who has been so in finished by a great Allied victory. commit. dustrious in this matter. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Will the The SPEAKER pro tempore / 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4467 intend by these boats to open up second ·Mr. MOTT. This is taken from page do the job just as well. If he is needed fronts wherever it is necessary and 2 of the report, the first paragraph. I today he is needed in our armed forces wherever the military authorities deem read: in the greatest war in our history. it is important to do ·so. ·District craft, including c·raft of various Mr. McMURRAY. Will the gentle Mr. FISH. And I hope it will even go designs and types which are used in districts, man yield? as far as to open up a third front, fourth stations, bases, and operating areas at home Mr. FISH. I yield to the gentleman front, or even fifth and sixth fronts, if and abroad. Among such types are tugs from Wisconsin. of several-sizes, oil, gasoline, and water barg~s. nec~ssary. Mr. McMURRAY. I think it ought to Mr. VINSON of Georgia. When I used lighters, seaplane wreckh1g derriclt.s, aircraft rescue boats, aircraft fuel boats, plane re be said here on this fioor that Mr. Fortas the phrase "second fronts" it meant arming launches, plane personnel boats, and of Tennessee is in the Government serv more than one place. bomb target boats, as well as other special ice, that he has been there for some Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. designs of craft and boats which are required years, that he is recognized by students Speaker, will the gentleman yield? in war operations at many locations in the and teachers of public administration Mr. FISH. I yield. continental United States and at practically as one of the most outstanding young Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky; I call every advanced base location. · administrators ever developed anywhere the gentleman's attention to the fact So if we did not have these district in our country; I happen to know, and that half this money will be used for craft of course our landing program I hope Mr. Fortas will forgive me for harbor craft and for district craft that would be a lopsided one and would not saying this, that he has wanted to get will not be sent overseas but will be held · even be workable. into the armed services of this country in this country. Mr. FISH. I thank the gentleman for ever since this war started and even be Mr. FISH. · It is a part of the war his contribution. There is no opposition fore the war started. I happen to know effort. It includes many kinds and cate to this bill that I know of. that he wants to wear the uniform of gories. Mr. Speaker, the Committee on Naval the United Sta~es of America. I hap Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I am not Affairs has recently through its subcom pen to know that he would immediately certain. mittee referred to some 207 cases of Navy give up the top job that perhaps any Mr. VINSON Of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, draft deferments and have severely crit young man holds in the Government will the gentleman yield? today, he would give it up willingly, and Mr. FISH. I yield. icised them. I have spoken repeatedly Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I -have the in this House and pointed out that there put on the uniform of the United States list right here of all the categories. were 840,000 Government employees eli of America. He did, over the protest of Mr. FISH. Can the gentleman say gible for the draft, and I have pleaded his superiors and his fellow workers, what percentage will be district craft? with the Committee on Military Affairs submit his resignation so that he might Mr. VINSON of Georgia. In response to bring in some kind of legislation to get become a member of the armed forces to the inquiry of the gentleman from these men out of Government jobs into of the United States. These superiors. New York I may say that 70 percent of uniforms where they cari be sent to the whether wisely or unwisely, have made the million tons is for landing craft, 30 battle fronts like other Americans of like this decision for Mr. Fortas. There is percent for district craft. The major age instead of holding these soft jobs nothing he can do about it. He is an . portion of it will be used outside of the here in Washington. Yesterday's paper outstanding administrator. He is one continental limits of the United States stated that the Under Secretary of the of those men of whom we who teach for district craft. Interior, a gentleman I do not know at public administration say has a "feeling Mr. FISH. So even the district craft, all, by the name of Abe Fortas, 32 years for the jugular." He knows how to get the 30 percent, will largely be used out of age, has been given a deferment by important things done and his job. as side continental United States. the President of the United States. Under Secretary of the Interior is an Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time extremely important war job, not in his Speaker, will the gentleman yield? of the gentleman has expired. opinion, not more important than being Mr. FISH. I yield. Mr. FISH. '!\Jr. Speaker, I yield my in the armed forces in his opinion, but in Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I am not self 5 additional minutes. the opinion of his superiors, the Secre certain about that. I challenge that Mr. Speaker, I have never met Mr. tary of the Interior, Mr. Ickes, and the statement, because there are no hearings Fortas, have never telephoned him, and President of the United States, Mr. printed; there is no evidence printed, and know very little about him. All I know Franklin D. Roosevelt. the testimony before the committee was is that he is 32 years of age and, accord Mr. MOTT. Will the gentleman yield? not that any of those small craft would ing to the press, has no children and a Mr. FISH. I yield to the gentleman be sent out of the United States. wife who is also in the Government serv from Oregon. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. ice. Now, I am opposed to any defer Mr. MOTT. I would like to ask a Speaker, will the gentleman yield? ment except for physical reasons, and I question of the gentleman who just ad• Mr. FISH. I yield. mean any kind of deferment. If we con dressed the House. I do not know any Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. The tinue to give deferments to men under thing about Mr. Fortas and I never distinguished gentleman from Kentucky 38, to men 32 years of age, we will cer heard of him before. May I ask the gen is a member of the Committee on Naval tainly undermine the morale of the peo tleman if there is anything about our A:ffairs. He was present ..tt the execu ple back home. We have a responsi Constitution or the laws of our country tive sessions that the committee held on bility in this Congress. We voted for the that forbids a Federal employee from re this bill. He knows that those figures war. We find now that there are 840,000 signing his job if he wants to and join are accurate, because they were given by of these Federal employees of draft age, ing the armed forces? Navy Department officials. many of whom are evading military Mr. ·McMURRAY. I know nothing Mr. MOTT. Mr. Speaker, will the service. I do not see why all of them who about any laws forbidding his resigna- . gentleman yield? are eligible are not put into our armed tion. There is the matter of a sense of Mr. FISH. I yield. forces and into uniforms. If they are obligation which anyone has in this war Mr. MOTT. I" may observe further needed, then we can consider returning effort. He has been told by those who that this 30 percent o{ the entire ap them to some positions where they may ,direct him, against his own will, let me propriation which goes for district craft be essential. But let us not take the .repeat, to stay on the job. If the Presi goes for craft which are themselves as higher-ups, the men who were appointed, dent tells one to stay on the job, and he necessary in their own way to the win and certainly not those who are 32 years is the Commander in Chief, what does ning of this war as the actual landing of age, and ask deferments for them be one do? boats. In order to make the record cause they may claim to be essential to Mr. MOTT. The gentleman is not straight on that I just want to read into the Government service. No one is es quite accurate in that. The-President is · the RECORD what these district craft con sential to the Government service, in not my Commander in Chief or your sist of. cluding members of the Cabinet. Mr. Commander in Chief. He is the Com Mr. FISH. Is that taken from page Fortas can be replaced by an older man mander in Chief of the Army and the 2 of the report? · or by a. woman or someone else who will Navy. of the United States. The man LXXXIX--282 4468 ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 you are talking about is not yet a mem what I am complaining about. This is precedent for the whole country and ber of the Army or Navy of the United a bad precedent to establish and par perhaps the President himself is the one States; therefore the President is not his ticularly for public officials and bureau we should critiCize and not Mr. Fortas. Commander in Chief in any legal sense crats. It will tend to undermine morale. Mr. Speaker, the Congress should pass a whatever. What will the people back in my district law providing that no one should be de Mr. McMURRAY. Mr. Fortas was ap and in your district think when their ferred, of draft age, if he is physically pointed by the President of the United sons are called into the service and they fit. My point is that it is a bad policy States and the President of the United learn that a Government official, 32 to defer any public official, as it sets a States is his chief. Whether you want years of age,. with no children or de deplorable precedent. to add "Commander" or not is imma pendents is deferred while holding a Mr. DINGELL. Will the gentleman terial. He is working for the President. $10,000 position as Under Secretary of yield? · Mr. MOTT. You said his Commander the Interior and their sons are drafted Mr. FISH. I yield. In Chief. into our armed forces at $50 a month? Mr. DINGELL. The President is not Mr. McMURRAY. Franklin D. Roose Mr. HOFFMAN. And his wife. asking that w.e place in a deferred status velt is my Commander in Chief, and I Mr. FISH. Yes, his wife also, although public ofilcials; the President has not am proud of it. all I know about that is what I read in as:\{ed that public officials be deferred. Mr. MOTT. I do not want to quibble, the papers. I am told that she is being Mr. REECE of Tennessee. Mr. but there is nothing to prevent this gen paid $5,000. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? tleman from resigning. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. FISH. I yield to my distinguished Mr. McCORMACK. Will the gentle- gentleman yield? man yield? . Mr. MOTT. Mr. Speaker, will the friend from Tennessee, who served with Mr. FISH. I yield to the gentleman gentleman yield? distinction in the last World War. from Massachusetts. Mr. FISH. I yield to my friend from Mr. REECE of Tennessee. Mr. Mr. McCORMACK. The answer to Michigan. Speaker, I think the gentleman from New York will agree that every m~m the gentleman'~ question is "Yes; any Mr. DINGELL. I do not believe the body can resign, even a Member of gentleman would like the RECORD to show. should serve where he can be of best Congress." as would appear by his statement, that service to his country, and if those who Mr. MOTT. Yes, and some Members public officials in the Government are are in position to judge feel that this of Congress within the military age have inferior or can be so easily replaced in particular individual, Mr. Fortas, can be resigned from the Congress and have every instance, and that their superior of greater service to this country and joined the Army. efforts are not vital and important to greater service to the war effort in the Mr. McCORMACK. The answer is the war effort. important work which he is now doing; that anybody can resign. ' Mr. FISH. Mr. Fortas has held his and he is doing important work, then Mr. FISH. I am glad the gentleman present position for a comparatively would not the President be justified in from Wisconsin made the statement he short time. I do not believe any public having Mr. Fortas remain in his present did, as my remarks are not directed official is indispensable, from the Presi- · position? against Mr. Fortas but against defer dent right on down, including Members Mr. FISH. The answer to the gentle ments for Government officials. of Congress. I do not believe any man's question is that I am against any Mr. MOTT. If the gentleman will bureaucrat is indispensable. And cer deferments whatever. I say, put him in yield further, I might reverse that also tainly I do not believe· anybody who is tbe Army right along with other men and say that some Members of Congress 32 years of age is indispensable. If he is and then, if his services are absolutely have resigned from the armed service to as good as these gentlemen say he is, he essential, send him back in uniform at come to Congress--at least one has. ought to be in the Army or Navy. Put $50 per mol,lth. I do not believe in any Mr. FISH. There is nothing personal him in uniform, and then, if he is needed, discrimination becaus~ of politics. race, in this matter. I am glad the gentleman anq proves to be indispensable, he can color, or creed for any public official of took the floor to say that Mr. Fortas bas be sent where he is most needed. draft age and without dependents a good record and wanted previously to Mr. McMURRAY. Mr. Speaker, will The gentleman realizes that we now go into the armed services. However, it the gentleman yield? have some 840,000 Government employ is men like Mr. Fortas who have the op Mr. FISH. I yield to the gentleman ees under 38. I do not know Mr. Fortas, portunity to set a fine patriotic example from Wisconsin. . and I am willing to accept everything to the country by taking his place with Mr. McMURRAY. Mr. Speaker, I .un that has been said about him, but there other Americans of the same age in our derstand very well from the gentleman's are still 840,000 men of draft age in the armed forces. statement that this is not a personal Federal Government service and if we Vl!hat I am complaining about is matter between him and me, but I should begin to give deferments, where are we that we should give any deferment to like to make it clear at this point that going to stop? That is the question. anyone at all, particularly to a man this person under consideration happens Mr. REECE of Tennessee. But we who has no children and is only 32 to be working directly under the Presi have set up a system and the gentleman years of age, who is physically fit and dent of the United States, who happens is speaking in 'reference to a general should have been in the service long to be the Commander in Chief of the policy, is he not? before, and not wait until he gets a letter armed forces of the United States, and he Mr. FISH. I am opposed to granting from the President saying he is needed is subject to the President's direction in deferments except in the case of physical in the Interior Department. I believe time of war. It seems to me, as ·a matter disability. They should not be granted everybody who is physically qualified, of of patriotism, he is subject to the de for political reasons. No public official draft age, can best serve his country in cisions of his Commander in Chief, and or bureaucrat from Members of the Cabi the Army or Navy no matter what posi he would be only too happy if his Com net down are indispensable. All of them tion he holds. I do not know Mr. Fortas mander in Chief would say, "Mr. Fortas, can be replaced. I submit it is the duty nor his politics. He may have an ex I prefer to see you in North Africa.'' of every one of them to come out of the cellent record, as the gentleman from Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, I am opposed Government dugouts and set an example Wisconsin has said, but why make any to all these deferments and especially to to · all other Americans of draft age, exception for any public official? They letting Federal employees stay in the There must be no favoritism, politics, or should be the first to enlist and last to Government service who are 32 years of special privilege in connection with the claim or accept deferment. I think de age without dependents simply because drafting of American ~ youth. It may be ferment should be granted only in case they are good men, because they are it is the President we should criticize. If of technicians or airplane designers or needed, or because the President S!:!YS so the responsibility is his. It certainly engineers, and these politicians, these so. They can perform just as good or will not promote public morale to have Government - appointed bureaucrats, better service in our armed forces, where the President grant deferments to his of every one of them ought to be -in the young and able men are needed. Presi ficial family when the Nation is being service if they are of draft age. That is dent Roosevelt is establishing a bad told that we have not sufficient man- I 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4469 power without drafting fathers and men Douglas Judd Reece, Tenn. on the state of the Union for the con Durham Kee Rodgers, Pa. with dependents · Fay Keefe Rogers, Calif. sideration of the bill (H. R. 2581), with Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of my Fernandez Kennedy Rowan Mr. RICHARDS in the chair. time to tbe gentleman from lllinois [Mr. Ford Keogh Rowe The Clerk read the title of the bill. Furlong King Sabath MASON]. Gavagan Kleberg Satterfield The first reading of the bili was dis Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, let me give Gerlach Klein Sauthoff pensed with. just a word of explanation, with the hope Gibson Larcade Scanlon Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair Gifford LeFevre Shafer that it may arouse a little curiosity. The Gore Luce Sheridan man, this bill is presented to the House special order I had yesterday and that is Grant, Ind. Lynch Simpson, Ill. and the committee by the distinguished now in the RECORD required a great deal Green McGranery Smith, W.Va. gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Guyer Maas Snyder ·of time in its preparation. It is well doc Hall, . Magnuson Stanley . BRADLEY], who will explain the bill, and· umented, so that the conclusions arrived Edwin Arthur Mansfield, Tex. Taylor to whom I now yield 10 minutes. at will be very difficult to get around. In Hall, Merritt Thomas, N.J. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. Leonard W. Miller, Pa. Treadway that special order I attempted to prove, Halleck Morrison, N. 0. Voorhis, Cali!, Chairman, this is a bill to authorize the and I did to my own satisfaction, that the Hancock Nichols Weiss construction of 1,000,000 t.ons of landing Socialist program of a something-for Hebert Norman Wene and district craft for the Navy, and to V1 Heffernan Norton White nothing philosophy that is ·contained Herter O'Konsk1 Winter authorize the appropriation of the neces the cradle-to-grave or womb-to-tomb Hess O'Toole Wolfenden, Pa. sary funds. The estimated cost is security allusion found in the report of Holmes, Mass. Pfeifer Worley $1,700,000,000. the National Resources Planning Board Horan Philbin This is the first ;bill which has ever permeates the whole New Deal program. Jennings Pracht been reported for such ships as such. I offer as exhibits the leading new deal The SPEAKER. On this roll call 337 Prior to the war, we had no landing ships, ers and use their own words to prove my Members have answered to their names, and only a relatively small number of point. I recommend it as preferred read · a quorum. district craft. These were principally ing to the Members of the House. By unanimous consent, further pro small craft assigned to naval districts. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. ceedings under the call were dispensed They included a few landing craft for Speaker, will the gentleman yield? with. training in landing . operations. The Mr. MASON. I yield to the gentleman EXTENSION OF REMARKS construction of such district craft. was from Minnesota. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask not made the subject of special legisla Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I unanimous .consent to revise and extend tive authorization; instead, they were in noticed a very good account of the gentle the remarks I made today and include cluded in the appropriation "Miscellane man's speech 'in the morning papers. I therein certain excerpts. ous Bureau of Ships." als·o noticed that the gentleman gives The SPEAKER. Is there objection to When the war began, the demand for credit for this cradle-to-grave plan to a the request of the gentleman from Texas? the special types which this bill author certain lady. There was no objection. izes was large and immediate. Ships Mr. MASON. Dr. Eveline Burns. Mr. McGEHEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask and craft of special designs, known and Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Does unanimous consent to extend my own re classified as landing ships and landing the gentleman believe she is solely re marks in the RECORD and include therein craft of various types, were required to sponsible for the plan, or are other mem a letter from Mrs. Mary Cain,, of summit, mount our amphibious operations. Spe bers of the National Resources Planning Miss., addressed to both branches of the cially designed craft and boats of many Board also responsible for it? Congress. types were needed to equip and to serve Mr. MASON. No. If the gentleman The SPEAKER. Is there objection to our expanding bases, both at home and will read my speech in the RECORD he will the request of the gentleman from abroad. These are classified as district find that the report is just one sample of MissiSsippi? craft, but they embrace many new types an effort by a group of people in the Gov There was no objection. and are not confined to those used in ernment service to bring about that re Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, on yes established naval districts. sult. I show that while she did that job, terday at my request permission was The number to be required in the var behind her is a whole group that is work granted the Commissioner from Puerto ious types could not be forecast def ing for the same cause. Rico to extend his own remarl~ in the initely, because that depended on the Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Does RECORD. I am now informed that those number of operations to be undertaken, the gentleman believe Mr. Delano sub remarks exceed the limit, taking up ap the losses to be experienced in these scribed to the plan? proximately two and one-third pages of operations, and in training, the rate at Mr. MASON. The gentleman does not the RECORD at a .cost of $105. I ask which advanced bases were to be estab believe that Mr. Delano subscribed, be unanimous consent that notwithstanding lished, and other factors, including the cause Mr. Delano's whole life history this fact the remarks may be printed in fact that the Navy is the sole source of proves that he does not believe in any the RECORD. supply to the Army, and a partial supply socialistic philosophy. He has had a re - The SPEAKER. Is there objectioq to to our allies, of amphibious craft. markable career as a practical man at the request of the gentleman from South The Navy Department proceeded under the head of a railroad. Carolina? these condition1:1 with the construction There was no objection. of landing and district craft. The gen The SPEAKER. The time of the gen eral directive in this construction was tleman from Illinois has expired. SPECIAL BOATS FOR THE NAVY provided by the combined Chiefs of Sta:tr, CALL OF THE HOUSE Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I move and construction went ahead in accord Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. the previous question on the resolution. ance with the requirements of the tac Speaker, I make the point of order that The previous question was ordered. tical situation and the development of a quorum is not present. The resolution was agreed to. our bases, both land and air. The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, Along shores bordered by the Pacific is not present. I move that the House resolve itself into and Atlantic Oceans and the Mediterra By unanimous consent, a call of the the Committee of the Whole House on nean Sea, these ships and craft have House was ordered. the state of the Union for the considera taken their part. The attacking forces, The Clerk called -the roll, and tpe fol tion of the bill (H. R. 2581) authorizing their guns, tanks, and ot_her equipment, lowing Members failed to answer to their the acquisition and conversion of con have moved ashore swiftly and success names: struction of certain landing craft, dis fully. In the 17 months since Pearl Har [Roll No. 72] trict craft, and special boats for the bor, we have gained in experience in the Arnold Boren Case United States NavY, and for other pur design and use of landing craft, and they Balwin, Md. Buckley Cochran poses. have proved their value. Baldwin, N. ·Y. Buffett Cole,N. Y. The motion was agreed to. Most of the larger landing ships that Barden Burdiclc Culldn Barry Byrne Cullen Accordingly the House resolved itself have been laid down were charged to the Bell cannon, Fla. Dies into the Committee of the Whole House 1,799 Vessels Act of February 6, 1942- 4470 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 Public Law 440, Seventy-seventh Con The Navy Department's estimate !s I wish to confine my remarks to the bill gress. This authority is now substan that this bill will provide a sufficient ton itself. tially exhausted. The smaller landing nage of these craft for the next 12 Mr. PATMAN. But this. is germane. craft were constructed against mainte months. This estimate is predicated, Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Not nance appropriations for the Bureau of among other things, on the experience so at the moment. The gentleman has Ships. This placed an extremely heavy far gained in the war. Your committee some other motive in his mind. He is drain on those appropriations, a drain believes that the estimate is as satis trying to ad:vocate an increase in the not contemplated when such appropria factory as the uncertainties of the gen p1ice of oil. I am talking about the en tions were made. The construction of eral situation Will permit. actment of the bill authorizing the con district craft, such as tugs and lighters, None of the types covered by the bill struction of a million tons of landing imposed a similar heaVY and unforeseen are substitutes for the private craft which craft and district craft necessary for the drain on the Bureau of Ships. the Navy took over in large numbers fol operation of the war, and that is the In order to restore the necessary main lowing the outbreak of the war. That only thing that the Naval Affairs Com tenance funds for the Bureau of Ships, was done because the private craft were mittee is recommending . to the House, the Navy Department requested an ap then available, and were needed and use the speedy enactment into law of this propriation for the purpose when the ful in particular duties, mainly of the bill. Supplemental Naval Appropriations Act, shore patrol type. Such private craft eMr. SHEPPARD. Mr. Chairman, will 1943, was before the Congress. This re cannot serve the purposes for which the the_.. gentleman yield? quest was questioned in committee and craft authorized by the bill are designed. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Cer was the subject of comment on the floor None of the craft covered by the bill tainly. of the House, particularly on the score are included in the naval auxiliary ves Mr. SHEPPARD. I might say to the that the construction of district craft sels authorized by the bill H. R. 1563, gentleman that the hearings before the should be undertaken only on the au which recently passed this House. The Committee on Appropriations in justifi thority of legislation specifically author present bill provides for two additional cation for the landing craft and other izing appropriations for naval projects types of vessels, namely, landing and dis similar craft incorporated in the presen of this size and character. trict craft, and these types have not tation makes this legislation imperative In the opinion of your committee, the previously been provided for specifically. before the appropriation of funds neces legislative procedure which was followed As introduced, the bill provided for a s~, ry to carry on the work. I compliment in the past year should not be continued. third class, namely, special boats. ·The the committee on the splendid work it The established and orderly procedure is committee was advised that the general has done in a legislative way and fur for legislation authorizing appropriations classification "district craft" includes ther say to the chairman and other for naval construction first to be enacted special boats, and for that reason deleted members of the committee that as long and to be followed by appropriations. from the bill the reference to special as I am the chairman· of the NaVY sub The Navy Department has agreed that boats. · committee of the Committe~ on Appro this procedure should hereafter be fol The types of craft provided for by this priations we will look to the gentleman's lowed, particularly when· projects reach bill will provide the means for speed and committee for -proper authorizations. the size covered by the bill now before efficiency in naval and joint operations, We are not interested in any endeavor the House. Some of them may be engaged in shore to legislate on an appropriation bill. Under the authorizations and appro attacks, in new landings to come. Your Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I priations heretofore made, the Navy has committee believes this country will deny thank the gentleman and I assure the laid down 1,100,000 tons of landing and its fighting forces nothing that they need gentleman from California that the district craft to cost, in the aggregate, and that is within its power to produce or members of the committee appreciate $1,900,000,000. The bill provides for an supply. ·The ships provided by this bill his cooperation. other million tons of such craft, and the are vitally needed, they can be supplied, Mr. VANZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will Navy Department has estimated that and the committee, therefore unan~ the gentleman yield? $1,700,000,000 will be required for the imously recommends that the bill as Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Yes. purpose. ' amended do pass. Mr. VAN ZANDT. The gentleman will These ships and smaller craft are of Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair recognize that before we can make an many types and designs. The landing man, will the gentleman yield? invasion of the continent or any of the craft range in size from the small rubber Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I islands in the Pacific, the Navy must boat to the landing ship dock. They in yield to the gentleman from Georgia. have the type of craft which this bill clude all types designed for amphibious Mr. VINSON of Georgia. May I say will produce. operations, except transports. District that in the appropriation bill that ,was Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Yes. craft include such items as tugs of reported to the House either yesterday This provides not only for naval opera various sizes, oil, gasoline, and water afternooh or this morning provision is tions but for joint operation of the Navy barges, lighters, seaplane wrecking d~r made to make available the money au and the Army in carrying on the war. ricks, aircraft rescue boats, aircraft fuel thorized in the program under consider We had an executive session on the bill, boats, plane rearming launches, plane ation now. and many things were told to our com personnel boats, and bomb target boats. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I mittee that we would like to give to the These and other types are needed in op thank my chairman for that contribu :a:ouse, but I am confident the House will erations at many locations in the con tion. Mr. Chairman, there has al~eady accept the recommendation of the Com- tinental United States and at practically been constructed 1,100,000 tons of land mittee on Naval Affairs. · every advanced base. ing and district craft; by the Navy. I Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will The smaller units of this program are reiterate that because of the statement the gentleman yield? built quickly. The larger units require of the gentleman from New York to the· Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Yes. a longer time for construction but gen effect that he felt the Navy was a little Mr. DONDERO. I do not know erally not as long a time as combatant tardy in coming before the Congress for whether this is a proper question, but is vessels. The numbers required are not this program. the gentleman at liberty to tell the House subject to exact prediction. ~epresenta Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Chairman, will the how many ships this will provide for? tives of the Navy Department stated to gentleman yield? Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Not the Committee that requirements for Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Yes. exactly, and I doubt if the Navy Depart vessels authorized by this bill are neces Mr . . PATMAN. Mr. Chairman, the ment could say how many would be con sarily subject to change, in types, details, gentleman realizes that in modern war, structed, because its provisions are and other respects, as a result of war de especially the type of war carried on by :flexible. velopments, and operations and losses. the vessels the gentleman is recommend Mr. DONDERO. I join in my col Your committee is satisfied such changes ing, oil is a very much needed commod league's comment on the necessity for will occur and that it would be unwise ity. speedy action, and I compliment the gen to attempt to specify the particular types Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Oh, I tleman and his committee. or the numbers of each type to be au hope the gentleman will not intrude any Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I thorized. other matter into the debate on this bill. thank the gentleman. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4471 The CHAIRMAN. The time of the riding on this big, beautiful boat he mechanic to operate a yacht, to keep the gentleman from Pennsylvania has ex said, "Does the Navy own this craft?" motor repaired. It takes several thou pired. The ofifcer said, "Yes, the Navy owns sand men to look after the yachts the Mr. MOTT. Mr. Chairman, I yield this boat." "Where did they get it?" Navy operates. myself 5 minutes. "Why, they bought it from me. I sold It seemed to be the attitude of the men As the gentleman from Pennsylvania · them the boat and then had the Navy down in the Navy Department that this has already told you, this bill comes from eommission me to look after my own · is their Navy. We ought not to say a the Committee on Naval Affairs with its boat." word about anything they do, it is their unanimous approval. I have uo doubt it Now, that is what I am appealing to Navy. Down in Kentucky all this will receive the unanimous support of you about today. I am going to offer an time my people have been under the im the House. amendment to strike out of this bill the pression that it is our Navy and not their The reason landing craft of the kind authorization for district craft, which Navy. I do not think you can be charged provided in this legislation is necessary will cost this country $800,000,000. The with being disloyal to your country, not is that, of course, we are carrying on a evidence before our committee does not ready to defend it, when you oppose such war beyond our shores, and all opera substantiate the need for those boats. things. Landing boats? tions involve landings, as is, of course, Let our committee go back and see what Yes; let them have all the landjng well known to everyone who has followed they need. boats they can possibly use; give them recent developments in the war. Boa's The good admiral who appeared be a billion dollars to build landing boats. of this kind were used in Africa. They fore our committee admitted that they But $800,000 for pleasure craft? No; have been used in the South Pacific. In bought thousands of these little boats. no; do not do it. I shall offer an today's paper there is a dispatch from Oh, it is quite different in November and amendment that will take those items Tokyo quoting a Japanese broadcast to December than it is in May. They take out of the bill. I think they ought to the effect that yesterday Americans land the boat in May and it is all painted up be taken out of the bill. Our commit ed ot1 Attu Island in force, that island nice. They have every luxury besides tee has not heard any testimony. I which has been bombed many timel'3 musical instruments, and ttrey operate asked Admiral Cochran: within the past few weeks. While we do the boat all summer. When cold weath ''How many boats have you bought not know anything about the details it er comes they simply lay it up. Hun since war was declared?" may be supposed that landing craft simi dreds of our boats have been frozen in "I do not know; I have no record." lar to those provided in this bill were the Great Lakes and destroyed in the "Have you bought· thousands?" used in that operation. wintertime, because they do not look "Well, I guess so." We hope before long, with the aid of after them. There is not the same urge Thousands of them. They bought these cnift, that landings may be made then. There is not the same appealing thousands of them, smashed them up, every place in the world where landings motive that moves them to go fishing broke them up; first rented them and are necessary and that the ships provided and sailing on the blue waters at that leased them, and then had to buy them, for in this bill may bring the war to a time of the year. because when the owners saw them come complete and victorious conclusion at Now, what has that got to do with back dilapidated and injured they said the very earliest possible date. landing craft? Not a thing in the world. they did not want them back, that the Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair I beg of you now, when the men of this Government would have to buy them; man, I yield 10 minutes to the gentle country are being taxed until their shirts and the taxpayers of the country are man from Kentucky [Mr. VINCENT]. .are being taken off their backs, let us not now called on to put up another $800,000 Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. pour any more money down a rat hole by in addition to what you have already Chairman, ·as far as the landing craft furnishing every naval officer with a soaked into this program to buy district carried in this bill is concerned, I am yacht to sail up and down the coast and craft, harbor craft, yachts at $80,000 a 100 percent for that provision. But we to fish in. I appeal to you. throw. There is the picture. have here an example of the same thing The evidence did not last 15 or 20 min It is my duty, and I have made this de that has been happening in the Navy utes before our committee. I was doing termination, as long as I am a member Department in the last several bills that · my best to find out something about it. of this committee I am going to bring have been sent to this Congress. They I asked about the Astor yacht. Was these things to your attention; then you hav~ a lot of stuff in here that should. there any printed testimony? No; no can do as you please about them, but as not be allowed. The record and testi testimony printed. I asked about the far as I am concerned I want to give the mony before our committee does not Dodge yacht. They had an organ on Navy every boat, every submarine, every justify the placing of those other items that yacht that would have sold for torpedo, every plane that is needed, but in the bill. plenty of money. It has been wrecked. I do not want to give them a single thing If you will look at the bill you will see I asked about the old ship, down at Nor that is not needed when this country is it provides for landing craft, for district folkr A fellow told me, a naval officer, bankrupt, when you cannot pay interest craft, and for special boats. Special that they paid $85,000 for that boat. on your bonds. boats was a little too far for our com They took it out and spent $65,000 re Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. mittee to go and we struck that out in pairing it and then turned around and Chairman, will the gentleman yield? committee. I made a fight to strike out junked it. Mr. VINCENT 'of Kentucky. I do not the district boats, which will cost $800,- Mr. FULMER. Mr. Chairman, will the yield. 000,000 in this bill. One of the district gentleman yiel~? When your bond sales are falling off, boats was a yacht that cost $80,000. I Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Yes; I then to come down here and ask for challenge ariy member of the committee yield. $800,000 on this record with no ·printed or the chairman of the committee to Mr. FULMER. Of course, we have the show this Congress what that yacht was testimony. Strike it out. Strike it out, WAAC's and the WAVES and the SPARS, and let this committee bring a bill in to be used for. and perhaps it is necessary to have these here for district craft so we can have Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Chairman, will yachts now. the gentleman yield? hearings, and let them justify the ex Mr. VINeENT of. Kentucky. Not at Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Of course, penditure of this money. That is all I this time. We had a closed session of the that is another story. But 'I appeal to am asking for at this time. My amend committee. Why should the doors of you now-in a few days the tax bill will ment is a reasonable amendment. I am my committee be locked when we are be back here. The lieutenant, the en offering it for the protection of your talking about harbor boats in our har sign, or some of these other officers would constituents, and I believe that I stand bors? Yachts? .- of course, I know it is not be able 'to operate one of these boats. here justified in my opposition to the spring. I know the urge that these naval What do you do? They go out here, get district craft included in this bill. officers have to take a pleasure ride on a them a boat, and they have to go and Mr. Chairman, I yield back the bal yacht. A Member of this House a few get some fellow, a mechanic, to operate ance of my time. minutes ago told me he was over in Bal that boat, when the mechanics are so Mr. VINSON of Georgia .. Mr. ·Chair timore a short time ago and he wanted to badly needed in industry and when there -man, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman go out to see Mars~ the big airplane. In is such manpower shortage. It takes a from Texas [Mr. PA'IMANJ. 4472 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 INCREASE PRICE OF OIL TO AID IN WAR EFFORT With the following committee amend partment was for it. I looked at it my Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Chairman, I re- . ment: self and I said, '.'It is a bad bill." Then spectfully disagree with the distinguished Page 1, line 5, strike out the comma, and the chairman looked at it and he said, gentleman from Pennsylvania that the insert "and" and after the word "craft" in "This is a bad bill," and other mem type of fuel that would be used in this the same line strike out "and special boats." bers of tl:e committee said it was a bad bill. Then we proceeded kill it, a vessel is not a material subject for dis The committee amendments were to cussion-it "is. May I invite the gentle measure that had been drafted and ap agreed to. proved by the Navy Department. They man's attention to the fact that the price Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. of oil is not the question involved, the are not infallible, they are humar be Chairman, I offer an amendment. ings, so do not turn them loose to spend question of putting money in people's The Clerk read as follows: pockets is not involved in this. The gen money everywhere they want to spend tleman from Pennsylvania suggested a Amendment offered by Mr. VINCENT of it. One lieutenant will see another lieu Kentucky: Page 1, line 5, after the word tenant with a nice shiny boat and he while ago that the Navy must have this "craft", strike out "and district craft." type of eqUipment in order successfully will turn around and want one like it. to prosecute the war. This type of equip Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. He will go out in the harbor and see one ment would be worthless unless you had Chairman, this is the amendment I stated belonging to an individual and he will say, "I will get that and I will make oil as a fuel to use. Oil therefor~ is very a short time ago I would offer to separate necessary. Did you know, Mr. Chair landing craft from district craft. As I Bill look like 30 cents." When one buys man-and I want the Members to think told you a Member of this body came to a boat that justifies another one buying about this seriously-that we are using me a few minutes ago and said that he a boat. If a fellow out in San Francisco our oil supply five times as fast as we are went to Baltimore and rode out on a boat; sees a boat he wants to buy, he will go discovering new fields? Think that over. that the boat had been bought ' by the and buy it, and if a fellow up in Seattle Did you know that we have sent to for Navy, and that the Navy turned around sees a boat he likes, he will go and buy it. eign battlefields 80 times-not eight-80 and commissioned the owner to operate Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Will the times as much oil during the first year of his own bo\t. As was suggested to me a gentleman yield? this war as we· sent during the first year moment ago, I do not know whether they Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. I yield bought the boat to get the man or to the gentleman from Kentucky. of World War No. 1? Did you know that Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. What we are using more oil today than ever whether they bought the man to get the boat. Is that not a ridiculous situation? saving would the gentleman's amend before in history and that 60 percent of ment effect? every cargo going across the sea is oil? If it were not out of line, I would like to give you the name of the Member who Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky, They say That should impress us with the great there will be a billion dollars 'here for importance of oil. went over there. I think there were three or four in his party who went over landing craft and I am ·leaving that in I am not for a price increase solely to the bill. Let them have that if they help oil operators, that is not it. The there and if he comes on the floor maybe he will let me give you his name. need it. But they say $800,000,000 will gentleman from Pennsylvania should be be for district craft. Well, when they just as enthusiastic for a price increase Anyway our harbors are filled full of yachts, with hundreds of mechanics who say $800,000,000 I multiply that by two. as anyone, because he is interested in It w~ be a billion and a half dollars by winning the war. We cannot win this are needed at other places, burning up critical materials, burning up fuel oil the tune they get through buying yachts war without oil and we cannot get the· up and down the coast and along the necessary oil unless we have new dis operating in these harbors with these lit tle boats, many used at the whims of shores of the Great Lakes. Their esti coveries. mate is $800,000,000, according to their Did you know that it is going to take the officers in charge. own testimony. the discovery of at least one major oil There is no evidence here to support Mr. DONDERO. Will the gentleman field a week from now on in order for us the need for such craft. I·do not see how yield? this ·is a military secret or why we successfully to carry on this war? That Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky, I yield is exactly right, and we are not discover should not be permitted to know how to the gentleman from Michigan. ing them; yet as I said, we are using oil many of these yachts they have already bought. They have bought -already Mr. DONDERO. What is meant by five times as fast as we are discovering "district craft"? it. This should be sufficient to put the thousands of them. Now they want to come along and put $800,000,000 more in Mr. VINCENT of Kentu.cky. Craft gentleman on notice that the whole war used in the harbors, rivers, and on the effort is in jeopardy and we are facing ·them. Is there any military secret that would prevent our committee from hav Great Lakes. not only national disaster but the possi Now, there you are. There is the pro bility of even losing the war on account ing open hearings and having testimony that they need these craft? I would be· gram of $800,000,000. If they need it, let of failure to give that incentive to dis them come back to the committee and covering the oil that is necessary to prop the first one on the committee to come in here and ask you Members to en justify it. They have not justified it so erly and effectively carry on ·this war. far. They were before our committee The CHAffiMAN. The time of the dorse the program if I were convinced 1 only a few minutes, and the fellow who gentleman from Texas has expired. they needed them. I do not believe it is a military secret. I think it is more of appeared did not know much about it. - Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair He said he did not know how many they man, I .ask that the bill be read for a Navy secret. You cannot take everything from the had already bought. He admitted they amendment. bought thousands. He admitted some The Clerk read as follows: Navy and swallow it a hundred percent. I wan.t to tell you something else. The of them had been wrecked; he admitted Be tt enacted, etc., That the Secretary of other day my good chairman-! suppose some of the boats had rotted· and he the Navy is hereby authorized to acquire and admitted they had been cheated. If you convert or to undertake the construction of he thought he was doing me a favor-in 1,000,000 tons of landing craft, district craft, troduced a bill in my name. I did not strike this out, we can find out how much and special boats, of such size, type, and de know about it until my secretary came they need, then let them have that, sign as h.e may consider necessary and best to me and said, "The chairman of the . wJ:?.atever they need, and no more. suited for the conduct of amphibious opera committee l'las introduced a bill in your . The CHAIRMAN. The time of the tions, for service to the fleet and shore-based name." When I went over to the com gentleman has expired. forces, and for naval districts, stations, bases, ·mittee the chairman said, "You come Mr; VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair and operating areas at home and abroad, such around and get in the chair. This is your man, I rise in opposition to the amend craft to be in addition to all auxiliary vessels or craft heretofore authorized. bill." I did not know it was my bill, but ment offered by the gentleman from SEC. 2. There is hereby authorized to be I went around and got in the chair. Kentucky [Mr. VINCENT]. appropriated, out of any money in the Treas Then one of the members said "This is Mr. Chairman, I trust this committee ury not otherwise appropriated, such sums a bad bill." I had never seen it before. will vote down overwhelmingly the as may be necessary to effectuate the pur But the Navy Department had sent it up amendment .of the gentleman from poses of this act. here. Everybody down in the Navy De- Kentucky. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD_:.HOUSE 4473 If there is any Member. of this House It is true that the Naval Affairs Com Mr: MOTT. We do, and one of the who is very much confused on this ques mittee has criticized the Navy in the purposes of the bill is to provide for ob tidn, it is our good friend from Ken amount of money that we have had to tain .. ng more of these craft, so we will not1 tucky. It is true the Navy has purchased pay, in some instances. Here is the re have to duplicate and so we will not have a great many yachts. port filed by the Naval Affairs Committee to borrow from one station to supply Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. criticizing the Navy Department for the another. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? amount of money that was paid, and t~e You recall, of course, that when the Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I yield. only member who refused to concur in Aleutian attack first came -at Dutch Har Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Will the that report and refused to sign it was bor they almost had to rob every naval gentleman tell the House how many the gentleman from Kentucky. . air station on the Pacific coast of their boats and how many yachts have been Mr. MOTT. Mr. Chairman, will the aircraft for awhile. We have got new purchased? gentleman yield? aircraft since then and these stations Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Yes; I will. Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I yield. have been implemented. It is true the Navy has bought a great Mr. MOTT. Is it not also true that This is an extremely important part many boats, a great many fishing boats, the Navy has been very vigorously criti of the bill, and ;r am sure no one will vote and a great many yachts, and a great cized for not making ample payment for to strike it out. many other types of boats. · Every one the boats that have been taken over? The CHAIRMAN. The question is on of these boats that the Navy has bought Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Yes; cer the amendment offered by the gentleman has been used and is being used for pa tainly. Mr. Chairman, if you do not from Kentucky [Mr. VINCENT]. trolling the coast to combat submarines. want the water, if you do not want the The amendment ..was rejected. Not a single one of them is being used for ammunition, if you do not want the fuel Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. harbor purposes. Let us see what sup to go to these ships that cannot get in Chairman, I offer an amendment. porting this amendment will do to crip to the shore: then vote in favor of this The Clerk read as follows: ple the operatfon of planes and endanger amendment and say that if they cannot Amendment offered by Mr. Vr~cENT of the lives of our sailors. Here is the come up to the pier they cannot have Kentucky: On page 2, line 2, after the word testimony. their supplies and their services. · "authorized", ..strike out the period. and add It is true, as the gentleman has said, Mr. MOTT. Mr. Chairman, I move to a colon and the following: "Provided, That the bill was heard in executive session strike out the last word. • no vessel, boat, or craft shall be purchased, and should'have been heard in executive leased, or rented that was constructed or Mr. Chairman, I hope the Members built prior to January 1, 1943." session. It is true that a great many of may not be influenced by the enthusiasm them are heard in executive session, but of the gentleman from Kentucky and do Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. we always have a stenographic report. Chairman, I regret that my chairman Let me read to you from the testimony anything which would embarrass this bill insofar as district craft is concerned. did not tell you what kind of report it of Adniiral Cochrane: • was he said I would not sign that was As was stated by our distinguished reported last year as to war profiteering. It is impossible to visualize a properly chairman, the yacht which the gentle operating naval air base or station, with many I would not sign the report because it valuable planes operating over the water, man from Kentucky referred to has left Chip Roberts out. The evidence which does not have-- nothing whatever to do with this bill. . It showed that Chip Roberts had gotten (a) Aircraft rescue boats to rescue per is not included in it, it is not included in $900,000 out of only a few projects, not sonnel of planes which may crash offshore; the category of district craft. · including the ones he has gotten since and It is true that at the beginning of the (b) Seaplane wrecking derricks to salvage that time. It left out the profits that war both the Army and the Navy were had been made by. Admiral Harris, a available planes or portions of planes which to may crash offshore. obliged buy up every kind and any retired officer, former Chief of Yards and kind of small craft that they could get, Docks, who was drawing retired pay from And listen to this: and they used them in patrol duty. the Government--a pension from the (c) Means for getting crews, ammunition, As to the nature of these district craft, , Government-and at the same time get and fuel to seaplanes without requiring them the different types of which are named ting contracts from the Government. It to be hauled up on the beach in case of on page 2 of the report, I may say that need for replenishment. left out this man Kahn, who has been It is difficult to visualize a harbor into all of the types are needed at several paid enormous sums. I would not sign which vessels of the fleet are supposed to naval stations. While this debate was the report because it was too weak. come for replenishment of their fuel, sup going on, I received telephone informa It reminded me of an incident that plies, ammunition, etc., if there are no means tion that the Secretary of the Navy had happened last fall when I went home. of getting these materials to the ships. Those approved a sum of $600,000 for imple Some of my good friends came over to places in the world where any naval vessel menting the naval station. at Astoria, go hunting with me. I took my bird dog can get alongside a wharf and have fuel oil Oreg., where 50 airplanes and some car and water hoses connected directly with the out to show them how good he would ship, and can have ammunition and food riers at the Portland yard will be out hunt. The first dive out of the box he loaded. into the ship by hand or by plane, fitted, and their crews trained and sent ran into a big covey of birds and scared are very few. In every other spot where ships to sea this year-50 of them from that them up and they flew away. We could replenish their supplies, it is necessary to have · one station at Astoria, Oreg. In con not even find them. I said, "I'll fix old craft suitable for transporting fuel oil, gaso ditioning these boats, in training their Bob." I took him around behind a few line, fresh water, provision, ammunition, crews, landing of the boats, and taking bushes and I took him by the ear and and general stores to the snips. off from the carriers, every type of dis I made him yell; and I went back and That is what the bill is for, in this par trict craft referred to in this report will I said, "He won't do that any more. I ticular item, which the learned gentle be used. I may say further that not gave him a good licking." The boys said, man from Kentucky proposes to strike one naval station, either in the conti "Yes, we watched you. You whipped out. nental United States or in the outlying him with a weed." How could you operate from Guadal areas, could be operated without having That was the trouble with the report canal, whe.re there is not a single pier, these district craft. They are just as im that I would not sign. It seemed to me unless for this type of boat? portant as the main landing ships that to be whipping fellows that had prof Mr. Chairman, I will not trespass upon are provided for in this bill. iteered with a weed, and I would not sign the intelligence of this committee with Mr. VANZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will it. If I am to be condemned for that, I any more discussion of the amendment. the gentleman yield? will take great pleasure in receiving the May I say, some· reference was made to Mr. MOT!'. I yield. condemnation. the yacht acquired from Mr.- Vincent Mr. VAN ZANDT. Is it not true that Now, I have offered an amendment Astor. His yacht was acquired by the every time we establish a naval operating that I know will be -approved. Admiral Government for $1 a year and is used base, we have to duplicate the district Cochrane suggested this amendment in in submarine warfare, and every other craft that is now supplied in the various committee. He suggested that no craft yacht the Government us€s is for that naval bases up and down the east and be rented or leased that was built prior or a similar purpose. west coasts of this country? to January 1, 1943. That will keep them 4474 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14- from going around and buying these old Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. Chairman; I tleman from Texas [Mr. PATMAN] on the rotten boats. That will see that we get move to strike out the last word. subject matter, which 'so impressed me new boats; that we will get our money's Mr. Chairman, I desire only to rein that I felt I ought to reinforce his views. worth on this proposition. I am certain force the observation made by the gen-. Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, wili that no member of the committee will tleman from Texas [Mr. PATMAN], when the gentleman yield? oppose this, when it was suggested by he discussed the very great need for most Mr. RANDOLPH. Yes. Admiral Cochnme before our committee:. careful consideration by the Congress, Mr. DONDERO. · The witnesses before · If we have to spend $800,000,000 for and by all agencies of our Administra the Rivers and Harbors Committee testi yachts, let us at least get new ones. The tion, of the necessity for providing addi fied within the last 18 months, that oil boys will like them much better. Now, tional oil reserves for the successful pros wells in Texas have been checked down I hope we will follow the suggestion of ecution of the war. to 20 percent of their productivity, and the admiral that suggested the language I think, even in a discussion of this for that reason the supply of oil was not of this amendment. type, it is well for us to realize· that this being produced up to full extent. · Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair· conflict is being fought on wheels and Mr. PATMAN. That question was man, I rise in opposition to the amend wings. We are engaged in a mechanized gone into thoroughly, and taken into con ment. battle. We, in this country, are faced sideration by Mr. Ickes; Transportation Mr. Chairman, the trouble about the with an acute shortage of oil reserves and other problems are involved in that. gentleman's amendment is that the Navy with which to fuel the planes, tanks, and Take, for instance, this large 24-inch pipe Department would be precluded from ac other units. We realize that today we are line. It will not serve all of the oil wells, quiring or purchasing any ships that consuming approximately 30,000,000 bar and some oil wells will still be choked might be suitable or available or that rels of crude oil each week, yet we are down, because we do not have the trans~ might have been constructed by the not discovering that crude oil by one portation. That question has been gone Maritime Commission or the War Ship fifth the amount necessary to keep pace into and given consideration by Mr. Ickes ping Administration. We have the un with the extreme demands upon us. This in his recommendation. derstanding with· the Navy Department may lead to tragic ends. For example, Mr. DONDERO. I think the impres that they are not going to buy any ships let us consider the raid within the last sion left by the statement made· by the unless they are absolutely essential and . 36 hours on Duisburg~ Germany, engaged gentleman from West Virginia is that the necessary and meet a certain military in by 1,000 planes of the Royal Air Force. question of supply of oil or the resources requirement. They propose to build as In that one bombing there were consumed of surplus oil are cut down, and that we fast as possible nearly everything re more than 1,000,000 gallons of high oc are not producing enough to meet the re ferred to in this bill, but it might so tane gasoline, and 1t takes 4,000,000 gal qUirements for oil. happen that they find a ship, a tug, or lons of crude oil to produce that amount Mr. PATMAN. That is correct. a small boat that has been built by the of fuel. These raids will increase in fre . Mr. ~ANDOLPH. What I said is true. Maritime Commission that it is necessary quency and intensity in the summer and Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, will the to buy. Therefore, it would be a short autumn. We will need more and more gentleman yield? sighted policy to say that you cannot oil production-yet as of this date no Mr. RANDOLPH. Yes. buy anything that was built prior to Jan real effort has been made to correct a Mr. CURTIS. I call the attention of uary 1, 1943. situation hampering our war effort in the gentleman to the fine statement of Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Mr. this phase. . the· Speaker of the House, made on this Chairman, will the gentleman yield? I think we should all recognize that :floor some weeks ago, in which he point Mr. VINSON of Georgia. I yield to the Coordinator of our Oil Administra ed out that it is the small independent oil the gentleman from Kentucky. tion, Secretary Ickes, is ?.bsolutely cor producer who suffers so much when the Mr. VINCENT of Kentucky. Did not rect when he says that we must stimu price of oil is down. He has no profit Admiral Cochrane suggest that amend late the production of crude oii in this from refining and distribution and the ment, in substance? country, and do it now. I regret exceed sale of gasoline and other byproducts of Mr. VINSON of Georgia. No, the Ad ingly that the Office of Price Administra crude oil, when they must operate at a miral says this, and the testimony is tion apparently closes its eyes to the fact loss in the production of crude oil. right on this table. The Admiral said that this is a mobile war, and that we must Mr. RANDOLPH. That is a correct that it would be unthinkable to go. out have the crude oil with which to make ef statement. The ·price of crude oil has and buy old ships and not build practi fective that mechanization. not advanced ih 5 years. This is an im cally everything that is called for in this Mr. SHEPPARD. Mr. Chairman, will portant matter, and I hope the House bill, but he did point out, as the commit the gentleman yield? will concentrate its attention on it, for a tee pointed out, that we should have the Mr. RANDOLPH. Yes. failure to act has implications . which right to take them from the Maritime Mr. SHEPPARD. The present admin could well stay, for months, the ultimate Commission if the Maritime Commission istn"ation of the subject has in no way time of victory. has them. What is the use of building clarified the situation in which we find oil The CHAIRMAN. The time of the one in this emergency if you can go producing wells in California checked gentleman from West Virginia has ex out and buy one that will meet the Navy's down to the extent that we are losing pired. requirements? But the committee can their productivity, because of the control Mr. HARNESS of Indiana. Mr. Chair understand that there is no intention effected by one agency of the Govern man, I move to strike out the last word on the part of the Navy to go out and ment. and ask unanimous consent to proceed buy any ship unless it is properly con Mr. RANDOLPH. That is correct. for 5 minutes out of order. structed and necessary for Navy needs. Mr. SHEPPARD. Why is that? The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? Therefore, it would hamstring the Navy Mr. RANDOLPH. , Apparently we find There was no objection. and would be a too narrow interpretation a condition existing where the Govern Mr. HARNESS of Indiana. Mr. Chair of fixing a statute to say that they must ment, in conflict within its own agencies, man, the special subcommittee of the have something built since January 1, will not stimulate the production of oil so · Committee on Military Affairs investi 1943. necessary to carry forward the war. gating dra-ft practices, of which I am Mr. Chairman, I ask tlrat the amend Mr. MO'IT. Mr. Chairman, will the a member, is rather impatiently await ment be voted down. gentleman yield? ing further developments in the case of The CHAffiMAN. The- question is on Mr. .RANDOLPH. Yes. Abe Fortas. Mr. Fortas, the heretofore the amendment offered by the gentleman Mr. MOTT. I have listened with great little known Under Secretary of the In from Kentucky. . interest to the remarks-of the gentleman terior, is the young man who has recently . The amendment was rejected. from West Virginia and I concur in ~chieved consider~ble prominence by The Clerk read as follows: them. However, I presume the gentle reason of the strenuous efforts of his SEC. 2. There is hereby· authorized to be man does not contend that this should chief, Interior Secretary Ickes, and Presi appropriated, out of any money in the Treas be written into this legislation. dent Roosevelt, to· keep him out of mili ury not otherwise appropriated; such sums Mr. RANDOLPH. oh; no. The only tary service.· as may be necessary to effectuate the pur reason I presented the matter just now Secretary Ickes, it will be -remembered, poses of this act. is because of the-;.observation of the gen- is the Federal official who arbitrarily told .1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4475 our committee that he had asked for de If he is of draft age and physically fit, if EXTENSION OF REMARKS ferment for too few, rather than too he has no greater dependency claims up Mr. LUTHER A. JOHNSON. Mr. many, of his employees; and who stated on him than other citizens being called to Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex that he intended hereafter to request service at the time, and if his job can be tend my remarks and include therein an more, rather than fewer, deferments in dispensed with or filled by another not address delivered by Brig. Gen. Clayton his department. Following this stated sUbject to military service, then beyond S. Adams. policy, Mr. Ickes had made a quite vig the slightest doubt he is remiss in his The SPEAKER. Is there objection? orous case for his Under Secretary. Not most sacred duty if he avoids service. Of only has his boss gone to bat for Mr. course, the gentleman and I are in 'agree There was no objection. Fortas, the President has gone out o~ his ment that in no case is an individual in E'STATE OF ROSE ANN FRENCH way to state his belief that Fortas 1s of dispensable; and. that only in the rarest Mr. PATTON. Mr. Speaker, I present more value 'in the war effort as general cases is it difficult or impossible to replace a privileged resolution (H. Res. 237) from handy man in the Department of the him irr reasonable time. the Committee on Accounts, and ask for Interior than he could be in military I say that as a general rule, every man's its immediate consideration. service. All of this despite the fact that responsibility should be measured by the The Clerk read as follows: there is apparently nothing in Mr. For same standards. I would agree with the tas' training and brief administrative gentleman, however, that the more richly Resolved, That there shall be paid out of experience to indicate that he could fill his country has rewarded the individual the contingent fund of the House to the estate of Rose Ann French, late an employee this job of questionable importance any in public service, the more eager he should of the House of Representatives, a sum equal better, if indeed as well, as hundreds of be to discharge his full responsibility, the to 6 months' salary at the rate she was re more experienced men well over the age more ready he should be to serve with ceiving at the time of her death and an addi tor military service. the armed forces. As a public figure, he tional amount not to exceed $250 to defray I am perfectly willing to accept at should indeed desire to stand as an ex the funeral expenses of said Rose Ann French. face value the report that Mr. Forta~ is ample to the rest of the country. ready, for his own part. to resign his ci The CHAIRMAN. The time of the The resolution was agreed to. vilian post and offer himself for induc gentleman from Indiana has expired. URGENT DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATION tion. In fact, he is to be commended for All time has expired. Without objec BILL, FISCAL YEAR 1943 this attitude and to be consoled for the tion, the pro forma amendment will be Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr: Speak official attitude which stands in his way withdrawn. er, I move that the House resolve itself to embarrass him. The fault lies not There was no objection. into the Committee of the Whole House with Mr. Fortas, or other young men in . Mr. VINSON of Georgia. Mr. Chair on the state of the Union for the con government who may be caught in this man, I move that all debate upon the sideration of the bill Price control in America, under the raised rather than lowered prices and from the p~ople--the ·wage earners, ex 0. P. A., is the greatest hoax ever per the schedules had to be called off. ecutives, and those who get their living petrated upon a trusting people. The On Sunday of this week the trumpets from investments. Subsidies come en . 0. P. A. has licensed highway robbery in blew again. The 0. P. A. pridefully an tirely from the public, but are distributed our stores, mothers the profiteer, has nounced dollars-and-cents ceilings on privately to a few. fathered the black market-it has ac 278 commodity items-count them, 278 Now that it has brought us next door tually driven one Federal department to items-but scarcely one of these items to subsidies, the 0. P. A., with very sud buy in the black market-has provided had figured in the rapid and ridiculous den and questionable frankness, ad the breast at which suspicion and dis rise of prices. mitted on Monday that enforcement of trust are being nourished among our· Wednesday of this week brought new food prices never has existed. Any . people and is the basic cause of most of meat-price ceilings-ceilings that will housewife-without benefit of clairvoy- . the demands for higher wages. raise prices by from 20 to 30 percent in ance--could have told them that at any It is a source of disunity throughout the chain stores, where the majority of time. the land. It is sabotaging our efforts to the lower-income families buy their food . Very naively the 0. P. A. suggests that prevent inflation, and is spending hun stuffs, but will effect a slight drop in the if we add 1,400 persons to the present dreds of millions of dollars in the process small independent stores. staff of about 3,500 enforcement inspec thereof. Ithas cured no ills, but it has What sense is there to price control tors, it can effect a 5-percent reduction created evils beyond belief. that raises prices for the many, and finds in food prices. Five percent, mind you. If the welfare and the reason and the profits in the wealthy chain-store super And these investigators, according to morale of 135,000,000 Americans was not markets, and knocks them down in the 0. P. A. reports, are to be used to "edu at stake the crackpot efforts-of the 0. P. little independent stores for a few cus cate unintentional violators." But who A. to stabilize the cost of living would be tomers, where a penny or t.wo profit is is going to educate the educators? funny. Inste~;td they are tragic. Besides. often the difference. between staying in In the 2-year period that the 0. P. A. the waste of manpower and money, it has business or going into bankruptcy? has been exercising its peculiar brand of begun to affect their hearts and minds What sense is there to a price-control price control, pot roast has jumped 156 and spirits. program that raises prices in the mar pe:rcent in cost; Irish potatoes, 256 per Are we to go on feuding and fuming kets where the average worker buys his cent; cabbage, 200 percent; and eggs, and constantly creating new problems food and reduces them in the higher 56 percent. because we have no• the courage or the grade independent stores where mostly But now, after 2 years of spending common sense to take drastic steps to the wealthy trade? and snooping and issuing directives and solve our most elementary problems at What sense is there to a price-control conflicting and confusing regulations the source? Are Congress and the program that defeats its own purpose? that even Einstein could not understand, American people to be made puppets a:ad That penalizes the buyers and discour- they promise a measly 5-percent reduc guinea pigs for an incompetent collec ages the producer and retailer. · tion in prices if they get another 1,400 tion of overpaid young lawyers who We read that the price ceiling on po investigators. hatch crackpot theories in the incu tatoes is 5 cents a pound in Washington, Mr. RAMEY. Mr. Chairman, will the bators of socialism they call their but housewives must pay 12% or 15 cents gentleman yield? minds? a pound if they want potatoes; cabbage Mr. COMPTON. I yield. There have been rumors that one of is 20 cents for a pigmy-sized head-you Mr. RAMEY. Is it not a fact that any the principal functions or' this costly know, just the size of the usual bureau directive is un-American, that the Amer bureau-it wants $175,000,000 for 1944- crats; apples are 15 cents a pound; cu ican people whose sons are in the serv and its army of lawyers and what nots, cumbers 25 cents a piece; and the lowly ice, as most of them are, need to be re has been to devise a method of price con spinach 45 cents a peck. spected, not inspected? That inspec trol, to set price ceilings, to hold back These are not black-market prices. tion of the patriotic mother and father the cost of living. Apparently they were They are botched 0. P.. A. prices in the is an insult. unfounded rumors, for prices have been so-called supermarkets. The ceilings are Mr. COMPTON. I thank the gentliJ thrown far out of control, the ceilings way up in the clouds where the bright man for his observation. are sky high, and the cost of living goes boys of 0. P. A. always are. Besides the 1,400 new investigators right on rolling along, just like Old Man Just what is the 0. P. A. bringing this they want 18,500 more employees for the River. Nation tc by its bungling? Now that whole country to bring the total in 1944 The 0. P. A. admits it has not been able the W. P. A. is gone, and some other to 70,000. Do you think the 0. P. A. to enforce ceilings, Good Lord,. I doubt agencies that were used to subsidize votes should have them? An investigation can if it can even understand them. The are going, is the 0. P. A. to be their suc . best answer that. Of course it is good public will not complain of ceiling viola cessor? It was always in my mind that New Deal Administration practice. Ev tions because of the red tape involved the political appointment of Brown ery time a progr'am fails, ask for another and because it is more important to have would be muddied even browner by po and larger appropriation and increase food. The big stores justifiably plead a litical results. In other words, hard the personnel. That insures that the lack of understanding if they are guilty hitting, tactless Henderson has given next failure will be really colossal. of violations and the little stores are way to baby-voiced political Brown, only I am not going to dwell on the bun quietly forced out of business. Brown comes bearing gifts-gifts of gling ~n connection with gasoline and Along with many of you I have waited money in the form of subsidies. Can you fuel oil-the discrimination against the patiently for the 0. P. A. to shed some of see the plan?. people of the East; the unusual and its earlier confusion and lead the Ameri As someone has put it, 0. P. A. is now un-American · resort to Gestapolike can people out of the wilderness of ra about to help us pay our grocery bill. methods of snooping, turning neighbor tioning, and into the protective valley That is very nice of 0. P. A., but beware, against neighbor and friend against of effective prlce control. I say, of gift bearers, whether they be friend. You are all too familiar, I know, I need not rehearse our disgust at gas Grecian beauties or ugly ducklings, par with this phase of 0. P. A.'s activities. and fuel-oil rationing, and, of course, as ticularly lame ones. Let us look into the 0. P. A., particu for rubber-there has been none to ra Subsidies may be justified if used with larl;y the price-control program I Let us ·tion. Time after t·me our hopes have great care and discretion-and because evaluate the present policies and re risen with announcements of coming of 0. P. A. bungling, perhaps subsidies orient or formulate a new working policy price ceilings. But as our hopes went up may be necessary; but does the 0. P. A. which will achieve the principles of price so did the price of most important food record to date justify trusting that control. Let us root out the theories items and so did the size of the 0. P. A. agency with huge money gifts called sub and develop and substitute a specific, staff. sidies? Who will get the money? What practical, businesslike plan that will con A few weeks ago the trumpets blew will the pubUc get? trol prices on a Nation-wide basis with loudly for the announcement of dollars Subsidies are effective only with out raising the cost to the consumer and arid-cents ceiling prices on beef and other money; money is secured for govern without burdening the taxpayers with meats. But, lo and behold, the ceilings ment by taxes and taxes come direct too many subsidies. 4482 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . MAY 14 Rationing must continue, with some Mr. McMURRAY. Mr.' Chairman, will Out of that investigation there was a exceptions, but must be improved. Its the gentleman yield? booklet published known as, How Red is administration to date by the local war Mr. BUSBEY. I am sorry; I have just the University of Chicago? I went price and rationing boards, Ly compari a few minutes. I decline to yield. If through this little · booklet the other son, has been effective .and conscientious I can get more time I shall be . happy to night and I found Dr. s~human's name for the most part. Injustices have gen-' yield to the gentleman. referred to on many, many pages. I erally been -the result of lack of uni As I was saying, the third and impor would like to read some excerpts from formity in understanding and applying tant point in the subject of communism that book entitled, "How Red is the Uni the snowstorm of directives blowing out that we must consider is the control of versity of Chicago?" into the RECORD at of Washington. the means of production. Before the this time. A constructive and comprehensive in Communists started helping us in this war It starts out on page 11 with a para vestigation will produce suggestions and program, which was July 21, 1941, they graph headed "Students attempt agita provide recommendations that, in turn,. were doing everything possible to gain tion in coal fields," and goes on to say: will develop a definite policy of pri<;e control of the means of production and Federated Press clipsheet of August 9, 1932, control, and possible improvements in take over factories in this country by sit in an article captioned "Midwest stt~dents the rationing program. If it becomes down strikes and other methods. That to probe coal fields conditions," stated in advisable I am sure this Congress will was their objective. It makes no differ part: sanction whatever legislation is neces ence of course how they take over con "Eighty students, organized as the Midwest sary to carry out a sensible policy. I College committee for ·investigation and re trol of our industries. If they can take lief in southern Illinois coal fields, will leave hope the Members _will support my . them over by different Government bu Chicago by motor caravan to study condi resolution. • reaus that is just as effective as taking tions there, Prof. Robert Mon~s Lovett, of the Mr. TABER. Mr. Chairman, I yield them over by force. The question is this: University of Chicago, announces. Mine lo- ·17 minutes to the gentleman from Dli- Is this man a Communist or is he not a . cals in Sesser, Johnston City, and the Orient nois [Mr. BUSBEY]. . Communist? mine have invited the students. • • • Mr. BUSBEY. Mr. Chairman, I take "Profs. Frederick L. Schuman and Louis Mr. Chaihnan, I have a great deal more Gottschallc, of the University of Chicago; advantage of the time all.otted to m~ to respect for the person believing in the Prof. Frank G. Spencer, of the Central Young speak in regard to the report of the Kerr principles of communism having the cour Men's Christian Association College; and Rev. committee on three men, namely, Dr. age to take out a Red card and be a Victor Siverts, of Meadville Theological Semi Goodwin B. Watson, Dr. William E. member of the party than I have for these nary, have joined Prof. Lovett in sponsoring Dodd, Jr., and Dr. Frederick L. Schuman, men who teach the theories of commu the student enterprise." This committee was organized by the Stu particularly Dr. Frederick L. Schuman, nism in the classrooms of this country, of whom the Kerr committee has this dent League for Industrial Democracy and to say: · who embrace the theories of communism tpe National Student League and was under in more ways than one, who are active communistic control. Federated P:J;:ess ot Your special subcommittee has examined in various Communist-front organiza August 17, 1932, reported the stoppage and Dr. Frederick L. Schuman and all evidence tions but who did not take out a Red card turn-back of the delegation by legal authori pertaining to him as submitted by the com in the party. ties at Mt. Vernon, Ill., and the arrest of siX mittees heretofore referred to and does not members of the delegation, among whom was find sum.cient evidence to support a recom Those men I say are tremendously Rev. Victor Siverts; Prof. A. 0. Carlson, Uni mendation of unfitness to serve in the em more dangerous than the men whom we versity of Chicago instructor, spending the ployment of the Government at this time know to be carrying a red card. Do summer at Commonwealth College; Joe Ham you have to carry a card in order to be burger, University of Chicago student, taking This is a very important subject and a Communist? No. I have never car a summer course at Commonwealth College; is coming up on an amendment to be ried a card to identify myself as a part and other Commonwea1th College students. offered to this appropriation bill next of the Republican party, still I call my PROFESSOR SCHUMAN PLEDGED TO COMMUNISM Monday. I think we should have a gen self a Republican. Likewise I would say In September 1932 a group of over 50 eral understanding of what .is back of there are 20 people in this country who writers, painters, teachers, and other pro the drive to remove some of these men are following the theories and ideologies fessional workers declared their support ot from the pay roll. We hear a great of communism, who do not have a red Foster and Ford and the Communist ticket deal said on the :floor of the House from card, to everyone who does have a red in the 1932 national election. These 50 pro time to time about this man's being a fessionals pledged their vote to communism, card. stating in part: Communist or that man's being a Com We received a letter in the mail today munist. It niight be well for us to take "The Communist Party alone is working to from Dr. Frederick L. Schuman, and I educate and organize the classes dispossessed just a moment to look at a few of the hope that some one in this House who by the present system, so as to make them an fundamental principles of communism. happens to be an attorney, and I am not, efilcient instrument for establishing a new I want to establish a foundation on will take this and analyze it some time society based on equal opportunity to work, which to judge some of these men. before the debate is over, from a legal equable distribution of income, and owner First of all, we should appreciate that standpoint. There are one or two things ship by the people of the national resources. communism is internationalism; in "We therefore pledge our support in the to which I would like to call your atten national elections to the Communist Party other words, Moscow is the interna tion. It states that he is principal polit and its candidates, William Z. Foster and tional capital of the world, in effect; any ical analyst of the Foreign Broadcast In James W. Ford, and call upon all educators, country which chooses to embrace the telligence Service of the Federal Com writers, engineers, social workers, artists, Soviet Union has its capital automati munications Commission; and "humor architects, and intellectuals in general to cally moved to Moscow. ously criticized the Kerr committee for join us in this move and form Foster and The second great fundamental of its report of last month, in which it Ford committees throughout the country." communism which I think we should Among the signers of this pledge for com cleared Professor Schuman of. charges munism was Frederick L. Schuman, of the take into consideration is the fact that preferred by the Dies committee." University of Chicago. This group adopted communism is atheism. It may be said I wish to call to the attention of the the name of the League of Professional that you do not have to be an atheist to House that the Kerr committee did not Groups for Fost-er and Ford. become a Communist, Gr to become a clear Dr. Frederick L. Schuman because UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS ENDORSED COMMUNIST member of the Communist Party. .That all it stated or all it covered was "His un In January 1933, Communists of the fifth is true, but it was not true up to 10 or fitness to serve in the employment of the ward, Chicago, formed the Fifth Ward Cam 11 years ago. Then they changed that Government at this time." I am afraid paign Committee, with headquarters at the little ruling, said they would get these Dr. Schuman will be up for further testi Communist unit headquarters at 1505 Cable people into their organization and then mony and investigation. Court. A circular was issued in the latter work on them and try to make atheists Dr. Schuman was for many years a part of January 1933, announcing the can out of them. professor in the University of Chicago, didacy of a Communist functionary and at torney for alderman of the fifth ward, Vladi The third principle of communism, and I happen to be a resident of the city mir Janowicz, and his scheduled talk at Com and this is the most important, is that of Chicago, Back in 1935 we had an in munist headquarters, 1505 Cable Court,· on communism has as one of its principal vestigation out there regarding the red February 5, at 4:30 p. m. The leaflet then objectives the control of the means of activities. in the University of Chicago listed endorsers of Janowicz as Profs. Robert production.. when Dr. Schuman was a professor. Morss Lovett, A: Eustace Hayden, Frederick 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4483 Schuman, and Martin Sprengling, of the Uni Chicago Herald and Examlner of Apr1127, 1935, National Student League tonight at 8:15 in versity of Chicago, in addition to a llst of quotes Aken as charging in his petition that Mandel Hall. The speakers promise both Communist subsidiary organizations. a county superintendent friendly to com interesting and humorous presentations of munism and communistic ideas would have the economic, political, and psychological PROFESSORS LECTURE AT COMMUNIST SCHOOL the appalling effect of exposing such school aspects of the subject. The official prospectus and program of the children and school teachers to the danger "All three lecturers have recently been in Chicago Workers School, oftlcial Communist of becoming indoctrinated with social and Russia and have studied their subjects at Party training school for Communist Party political ideas inimical to and subversive of first hand. Professor Knight, whose lecture on district No. 8, for the fall, 1932, term lists tbe American system of government. He the Case for Communism by an ex-Liberal the instructors and subjects at the school. It charged further that the Progressive Educa was published because of 1ts widespread states in part: tion Association is dominated by men and popularity, has been heard to declare that "One of the extra curricular lecture series women of communistic and radical tend 'the true value of communism is in its reli will be ilhat of Prof. Harold D. Lasswell, of the encies and that Carleton Washburne, of gious appeal.' Professor Schuman, who has University of Chicago political science depart Winnetka, Ill., a Communist writer and au recently published a volume called American ment. Professor Lasswell will begin his series thor of various radical textbooks, which he Foreign Relations With Russia, believes that of six lectures on the Process of Social has for some time been endeavoring to intro all government is a combination of force plus Change on Monday ev~ming, November 14, duce into the public schools of this country; mysticism. The third speaker, Professor Lass 8:50p.m. Frederick L. Schuman, and A. Eustace Hay well, who has written Psychopathology in "Prof. Frederick Schuman, of the University den, professors at the University of Chicago Politics, will lecture under the handicap of of Chicago, and others, will have lectures an and well known as Communists, are among his conviction that 'communication between nounced shortly." its leaders. individuals is impossible unless there is a uREDS" ORGANIZE PACIFIST ~OMMITTEE fortuitous parallelism of his biopsychic ele PROFESSORS SPEAK ON COMMUNISM ments.'" The Daily Maroon, December 7, 1932, in an The March 2, 1933, Daily Maroon in an article, A. J. Carlson to Lead Discussion at article, Schuman, Knight, Lasswell Speak on SOCIALIST GROUP MEETS AT UNIVERSITY Pacifist Club, stated: Communism, states: The Socialist League for Independent Po "Anton J. Carlson, militant chairman of "Professors Frank Knight, Harold Lasswell, litical Action met at the University of Chi the department of physiology, stanch de and Frederick Schuman are to present their cago for its regular quarterly meeting on fender of viviSection, and advocate of world views on Communism in a symposium spon March 9, 1933. Speakers were Garfield v. peace, will lead the discussion at the first sored by the National Student League, as a Cox, professor of finance, and Harland H. meeting of the Chicago branch o:l: the anti pale pink protest to the recent ruling of Allen, consulting economist. The Daily Ma war committee, which wm be held in the -the president's ofilce refusing to the league roon, March 9, 1933, describes the League for social-science assembly room at 8. the permission to hold mass meetings. The Independent Political Action as follows: "Joseph Cohen, delegate to the Wor14 C~m lecture will be held in Mandel Ilall next "The League for Independent Political Ac gress Against War held in Amsterdam last Wednesday evening. tion is a national organization endeavoring summer, and a student of Brooklyn College, "In the symposium, entitled 'The Implica to unite liberal groups of all parties. Its pro New York, will speak on the Student and War. tions of Communism,' Professor Knight will g 'lm advocates broader ownership and con "Anti-war committees are being organized discuss the economic implications, Professor trol of national resources, wider distribution in all universities and colleges in the United Schuman will point out the P.Olitical signifi of the national wealth, a 30-hour weelt for States to further the work of the National cance, and Professor Lasswell will speak on labor, and international cooperation for the Student Congress Against War, which is spon the psychological significance of Communism. reduction and final abolition of trade soring a national meeting to be held in Mandel "Professor Knight in his address will stress barriers." Hall December 28 and 29. • especially the need fbr separating the ideals Describing the symposium on communism "All campus clubs, organizations, and fra of Communism both from the creed of Marx under the auspices of the National Student ternities may elect delegates to the congress. ian dogma generally associated with the League, the Daily Maroon of March 9, 1933, "The Chicago committee, which has re movement and also from any definite infer stated that the speakers--Knight, Schuman, cently been organized, 1s giving a second lec ence from events in Russia. Mr. Knight said and Lasswell-"romped gaily through a va ture December 14, when Frederick L. Schu in a recent interview, 'An advanced industrial riety of subjects and barely mentioned com man of the political science department nation adopting Communism would certair.ly munism in the symposium, Implication::; of speaks on the subject Geneva and Moscow present an entirely different picture than Communism, sponsored by the -National Roads to World Peace." Russia.'" Student League. * * * Prof. Frederick L. The Daily Maroon, December 14, 1932, re NEGRO SOCIALIST AGITATOR SPEAKS ON CAMPUS Schuman, assistant professor of political sci ported: "First antiwar congress to be held in ence, departed long enough from his avowed Mandel-student delegates to meet December Under the caption of "Negro Socialist to communistic convictions to comment on 28, 29!' The article went on to state: discuss machine-age slavery on Thursday," the present political order, saying: 'Would to "Possibilities and potentialities of world the Daily Maroon of March 7, 1933, stated: God the country were governed from Wall political unity will be discussed tonight by "Frank Crosswaith, noted Negro Socialist orator and editor of the Negro Labor News Street--but, alas, we have no Wall Street. Frederick L. Schuman, assistant professor of We are enjoying at this moment the benefits political science, at a joint meeting of the Service, will reveal the evils of 'machine-age slavery' when he addresses a Mandel Hall of a New Deal with the old joker and a no National Student League, the antiwar com trump Cabinet.' Professor Schuman con mittee, and the Cosmos Club tonight at 8 audience Thursday at 4:30. He is brought to campus through the auspices of the Socialist tinued with a detailed outline of the steps in social science assembly hall.'' . in realizing a true communistic state.'' The activities of the National Student Club. Admission is 10 cents. League got to be pretty raw at the University "Herman Wolf, one of the leaders of the · SOVIET TOURS ADVERTISED of Chicago, and Dean W1lliam E. Scott denied Socialist Club, characterized Crosswaith's In the Daily Maroon of April 4, 1933, ap the use of Mandel Hall for an openly Com record as one of brilliant and consistent pears a sizable advertisement announcing munist mass meeting to protest police bru service in behalf of the working people of Tour Soviet Russia-under the personal lead tality in demonstrations of Communist unem this country. He came to America in his ership of one of the foremost American au ployed council members. The Daily Maroon early teens from Frederiksted, St. Croix, in thorities on the Union of Soviet Socialist .February 10, 1933, reported the situation as the Virgin Islands, starting out as an eleva Republics, Prof. Frederick L. Schuman, of follows: tor operator. He is now teaching in the the department of political science of the "More than 200 students' names have been Rand School of Social Sciences in New York University of Chicago and author of the book, obtained by the committee of eight of the City, from which he was graduated. American Policy Toward Russia Since 1917. league for the petition. Two faculty mem "He is best known through his work as Other statements are that "he visited the bers have also signed it--Frederick L. Schu-• special organizer for the Brotherhood of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1928 man, assistant professor of polltical science, Sleeping Car Porters in its fight to rescue and interviewed the heads of various gov and Harold D. Lasswell, associate professor the Pullman porters and maids from slave ernment departments. He is particularly of political science." conditions and give them the status of men qualified on his return visit to evaluate the and women." results of the 5-year plan and the prospects PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION ASSOCIATION CALLED The Daily Maroon, March 8, 1933, further "RED" of the second plan." ballyhoos the debate on communism staged The tour thus described was under the The Progressive Education Association is a by the Communist National Student League joint auspi~es of the Soviet fiscal agent, the left-wing educational group that is definitely in an article, Knight, Lasswell, Schuman Amalgamated Trust & Savings Bank, and socialistic if not actually communistic in its Speak on Communism Tonight, which goes the official Soviet tourist agency, Intourist. program. Otto F. Aken, superintendent of on to state: schools, Cook County, Ill., in a petition for "Profs. Frank Knight, Harold Lasswell, and PROFESSOR SCHUMAN LEADS TOUR TO UNION OF a writ of mandamus to restrain Noble J. Frederick Schuman will present what has SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS Puffer, superintendent-elect, from taking of been heralded as the first complete discus The Daily Maroon of April 7, 1933, an fice, charged Puffer with being a member of sion of what communism really means in the nounced the awarding of a political science the Progressive Education Association. The symposium on communism sponsored by the !ellowsbip to Prof. Frederick L. Schuman by LXXXIX--283 4484 CONGRESSIONAL .- RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 the American Academy of Political Science resume of the Communist Party. When the political science department; and Charles w. "to enable him to study the control of for Silver Shirts and the Social Democrats were Gilkey, dean of the chapel. eign policy in Gen 1any ." discussed there was always something to pro "The Socialist Club of the university, In Schuman, a Communist, was enabled to voke hilarious laughter from the clas~. conjunction with the Jackson Parlt branch of kill two birds with one stone on his German "Of course, one answer to this question the Socialist Party, is backing Krueger in the Russian tour-obtain anti-Fascist material could be that the Communist Party is so ra race. At the meeting of the club yesterday (one of the main Communist objectives) and tional that there is no room for a joke, and it was decided to organize a group to work make favorable propaganda comparison in that the other parties are so ridiculous that with the Socialist Party in carrying on the behalf of the Union of Soviet Socialist Re they are always wide open for rapping. campaign. publics. The Daily Maroon states further: "However, this is not the only possible an "New officers of the club elected at the "In July, Professor Schuman will lead a swer. Perhaps our worthy and highly sophis roeeting·are Jesse Reed, Jr., organizer; Anne small group on a .study tour through the ticated professor is slightly, or should I say Oosenpud, secretary; Seymour Baker, treas Soviet Union, touching Leningrad, Moscow, overwhelmingly, biased in the presentation of urer; Truman Kirkpatrick, publicity chair Kharkov, Kiev, Odessa, the Crimea, the material. It seems peculiar that a distin man; and Fred Fortress, arrangements chair Black Sea, and the Caucasus. Several stu guished professor who has been so sweeping man.''' dents from the university are expected to and so biting in his criticisms of other phases COSMOS CLUB SPONSORS SYMPOZIUM ON WAR accompany Professor Schuman on his sum of polltics should suddenly become bias~d and mer trip. almost sentimental in his presentation of one The same issue (January 22, 1935) also an "This will be Professor Schuman's second political party. nounced a symposium by the Cosmos Club trip to the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub "In Schuman's own words, 'The only rea featuring Harry Gideonse and Fred Schuman lics since the establishment of the new son for emotionalism in the Daily Worker is on the subject of Economics and War. The regime in Russia. His first experience, com that the editor has become smart enough to article stated: bined with his trip this spring and summer realize the appeal this makes to the average "Economics and War has been announced through the Fascist states of Europe, should 1·eader.' We say, then, J;hat the editor of tpe . by the Cosmos Club as the subject of the provide an interesting contrast and evalua Silver Horde was smart from the beginning. Gideonse-Schuman symposium which is to tion of present and past conditions in Italy, "I am not on either side-neither in favor be held Friday afternoon at 3:30 at Orien Russia, and Germany." of nor opposed to communism. But I abhor tal Institute. Tickets for the occasion may It is to be noted as of especial importance a biased presentation in the schooling of un be obtained at the information office and that several students from the university dergraduates. from Cosmos members. were expected to accompany Professor Schu "W.H. S." "A reply will be ma.de to Maj. J. L. Grif man on his summer trip. PROFESSOR SCHUMAN SCHEDULED FOR "RED'' fith's statement at the Maroon Peace Sym PROFESSOR SCHUMAN SPEAKER FOR "RED" LEAGUE APPEARANCE posium last week, that students were too young and immature to understand war and ori January 18, 1934, the Daily Maroon Prof. Frederick Schuman's appearance be that they should follow the advice of those reported that Frederick L. Schuman would fore another Communist group was an who had been 'over there.' Harry Gideonse, be a speaker at a National Student League nounced in the Daily Maroon of March 14, associate professor of economics, stated yes tea in 'Ida Noyes Hall, stating as follows: 1934, which stated: terday, 'If you're young enough to die for old "Dr. Frederick L. Schuman, assistant pro "The World Prepares f-<>r War will be Mr. Seawaslr, you're young enough to know about fessor of political science, who has recently Schuman's topic at a lecture sponsored by some of the reasons for doing so.' With this returned from a trip to Germany and Russia, Pen and Hammer, Friday evening at 8 in in mind Gideonse intends to point out the will speak at a tea today given in his honor Room 440 of the Lyon and Healy Building problems which young people should under by the National Student League in Ida Noyes at 64 East Jackson Boulevard." stand regarding economics and war. Hall at 3:30. Dr. Schuman will discuss his trip and the current situation in Nazi Ger "What is the relation between the proph-· many. This will be his first public appearance "Socialism is probably more dangerous on. ets of and the profits in war? is the question since his return to America. university campuses than communism be which Frederick Schuman, assistant profes cause of its sugar coating and its appeal to sor of political science, will attempt to an "Dr. Schuman believes, quoting from a swer. statement to the Daily Moroon, that 'the middle-class students who 'think they think.' Nazi war menace can be met only by an On this campus she (Mrs. Dilling) felt this "While both men will speak on the same 1n unflinching will on part of French bloc to particularly true In reference to the So topic there will be different emphasis maintain the existing distribution of arma cialist club. She disdained to discuss the their respective approaches. A discussion. ments, territory, and power. The danger of National Student League and considered the from the floor will follow the scheduled the anti-Semitic and Fascist propaganda on recently formed Cosmos Club as only another talks." the part of Hitlerite agents in the United example of the 'boring from within' tactics Selections of speakers for the Daily Ma States can be met only by a determination to of the radicals. Such harsh treatment of roon-Student Union Against War and Fas expose and frustrate the schemes of the Nazi this right-wing peace organization was due cism symposium were announced in the Daily Party's foreign bureau.' to the fact that two of its faculty sponsors Maroon of January 24, 1935, as follows: "A Soviet film, The End of St. Petersburg, are assistant professors, Frederick Schuman "Five student organizations yesterday an portraying the Russian revolution, will be and Harry Oideonse.'' (Daily Maroon, May nounced the selection of representatives to presented tomorrow under the auspices of 15, "1934.) present the views of their groups before the the National Student League. The picture Daily Maroon-Student Union Against Fas ' . . cism and War symposium on the prevention will be shown in the social science assembly "Speakers at the meeting included Prof. of war. The symposium will be held in the hall, at 8:30. Admission charge is 20 cents. Frederick Schuman who voiced an opin The events of the lMt days of the Czar, the Oriental Institute Wednesday evening, Jan ion that although the university is exceed uary 30. World War, and the uprising in St. Peters ingly liberal in policy, It had erred In judg burg will be depicted." "Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity and Iron Mask ment in refusing to grant permission for the honor society have chosen Ralph Nicholson SOCIAL-ISTS DEFEND AUSTRIAN REVOLUTION meeting. He believed that a universal, non as their spealter. It is expected that he will The Austrian revolution of the spring of discriminatory rule concerning circle meet voice the opinions of the fraternity men on 1934 was a source of great satisfaction ta. So ings should be insisted upon.'' (Daily Ma campus as a group. The Student Union cialists in the United States, who acclaimed roon, November 15, 1934.) Against Fascism and War has nominated · it as a great step forward in the international PROFESSORS SUPPORT -KRUEGER FOR ALDERMAW Lewis Soffer as their representative, and the Socialist movement and raised hundreds of Following the announcement of Krueger's Cosmos Club delegate will be William Sher dollars for the revolting Austrian Socialists. candidacy for alderman, the Daily Maroon wood.'' The Daily Maroon of February 20, 1934, an of January 10, 1935, reported the mobiliza PROFESSOR GIDEONSE ATTENDS WASHINGTON nounced a symposium on the Austrian situa tion of support for Krueger, on the campus: CONFERENCE tion in which Profs. Maynard Krueger, Fred erick Schuman, and Charles S. Ascher were "New devel~pments in the aldermanic cam Alwin the same issue of the Maroon (Jan the speakers. All three were defenders and paign arose yesterday when three other uary 25, 1935) appeared a further announce· upholders of the Socialist set-up in Austria. members of the university faculty came out ment of the Oideonse-Schuman symposium in support of Maynard C. Krueger, for alder which stated: STUDENT PROTESTS COMMUNIST FAVORITISM IN man of the fifth ward. They are Louis "With more than one-half of the seats in CLASS Wirth, associate professor of sociology; Fred Oriental Institute lecture hall sold, the Cos Proof that communism is being taught in erick L. Schuman, assistant professor of po mos Club is expecting a capacity crowd this classes at the university is evidenced by a litical science; and Bessie L. Pierce, associate afternoon at 3:30 in the symposium which it letter published in the Letters to the Editor professor of American history. is sponsoring between Hany D. Gideonse, as column of the Daily 1\:-:uoon of February 28, "Earlier in the week sevaral members o.f sociate professor of economics, and Frederick 1934, which reads as follows: the faculty came out in support of Joseph M. L. Schuman, assistant professor of political "It has seemed very, striking to me that in Artman for alderman. Among them are science, on Economics and War. Mr. Schuman's political science 201 course Paul H. Douglas, professor of economics; Har "The two men will present different atti the students have found occasion to laugh at old F. Gosne!l, associate professor of political tudes as to the manner in which economics everybody and everything but the short science; Charles Merriam, chairman o:f the and war are related. Each speaker will pre- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4485 sent his approach in an introductory talk Responsib111ty to Its Youth? The problems ing, it was agreed that students and labor which will be followed by cross-questioning and questions of social attitudes in the home would have to lead the way to peace. between the two men. At the conclusion of will be discussed by Robert Redfield, · dean "'It is not so much where we (the speak~ the arguments the audience will have a brief of the division of social science, ·and Fred ers) came from as where we are going,' stated opportunity for questions. erick L. Schuman, a.ssistant professor- of po Dean .charles Gilkey of the chapel, in opening "Gideonse returned yesterday from Wash litical science. the list of speeches. He pointed out that , ington, where he attended the National Con "Students may attend the conference if religious groups have been turning toward ference on the Cause and Cure of War, as they obtain cards from Dean John D. Russell, the left, using religious motives and convic guest speaker. His subject was Neutrality in gradute education 121." tions to combat war. and War. Schuman is author of a book on SCH:UMAN DEFENDS RED MURDERS IN UNION OF "Grace Abbott, professor of public welfare American foreign policy toward Russia. He SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS administration at the university, precipitat has spent considerable time in Russia ob.; ing the arguments of the bulk of speakers serving the Communist experiment. In the notices of scheduled meetings in the Daily Maroon of February 8, 1935, upon which at the symposium, lifted the wind from their "The debate is being held in conjunction sails by scoring the point that 'Membership with the Cosmos Club's peace program on no comment was made, appeared the follow ing: in any particular party or organization will campus. Tickets are 15 cents, and are on not accomplish the end against war.' Going sale at the information office." "The Struggle for Academic Freedom. Karl Haessler. Social science 160 at 4:30." further, she pointed out that no great war PROFESSOR SCHUMAN SPOUTS COMMUNISM "~bate: Are the Recent Soviet Executions issues would be settled by bloodshed-in Speaking before the Jewish-society Avukah, Justifiable? Yes; Prof. Frederick Schuman. s~ad, they would be settled by the 'long, Prof. Frederick Schuman dispensed his usual No; Attorney Irving Abrams. Lincoln Cen slow, hard struggl~ to get right little by Communist ideology. The Daily Maroon of ter, 700 Oakwood Boulevard, at 8:30.'' little.' In answering arguments against mu nitions makers, she vigorously stressed, 'If February 7, 1935, reported as follow~ . The first, although not mentioned, is the "Can peace be maintained in a world where meeting of the National Student League the American people did not want munitions nationalism, as it exists today, prevails? again featuring the Communist, Haessler, on makers, they would not have them here. It Frederick L. Schuman, assistant professor of a favorite Communist subject. T'ne second is a poor alibi to blame our war trouble on political science, denied that it could when is self-explanatory. Professor Schuman, in them-the people are to blame.' he spoke before a capacity crowd at the meet good Communist fashion, defended the atro "Arthur McDowell, representing the Young ing of Avukah yesterday in social science cious Soviet slaughters as justifiable. People's Socialist League, advocated that in~ assembly hall. stean of throwing 'spitballs' at the Reserve FACULTY MEMBERS PROMINENT IN ANTIWAR Officers Training Corps, workingmen and stu "Nationalistic ideology today breeds inter CONFERENCE national and imperialistic wars, in the opin dents come out against exploitation of the The Communist organized antiwar confer masses. Ion of Mr. Schuman. 'Peace Is highly in ence at International House included many conceivable and improbable and can only be "Robert Minor, noted Communist, in flour of the Red-aiding members of the university ishing soap-box style. found considerable maintained by a pacifistic nationalism that faculty, as well as outsiders. The Daily would preserve peace between nations.' pleasure in reinterpreting statements of the ¥aroon of February 26, 1935, reported the President in the National Recovery Adminis "This necessitates the need for a world following: symbol that has sufficient emotional appeal tration as procapitalistic and against labor as "Representatives of a majority of the well as statements allegedly made by Army for 100-percent peace. organized student groups on campus will "Mr. Schuman stated that there was no leaders concerning a Fascist coup of Wash participate tomorrow in the opening session ington. He expressed confidence that the idealistlc symbol present in the world today of the 2-day antiwar conference to be held that could effect peace. The closest . pro next war would be fought by labor against tomorrow and Thursday. The conference trade-unionism. Concluding, he recom~ ponent of world unity on an emotionaJ basis will pe under the chairmanship of Louis was the symbol of Catholicism, whose emo mended a united front by all groups, regard- Wirth, associate professor of sociology. , less of affiliations, against imperialistic Fas tional appeal is effective and international. "The first session tomorrow evening will "While nationalism makes for peace within cist wars. be devoted to a symposium at which speakers "As speaker for the American Federation a nation, by subduing violent groups within will discuss the attitudes of the liberals, itself, it promotes greater violence between of Labor, Serena Lowe criticized her national Socialists, Communists, labor organizations, organization's lack of action against war, al others nations," said Mr. Schuman. "More and youth organizations on the peace ques a.nd bigger wars. will result with our present though numerous local resolutions have been tion. The meeting will be held in the assem adopted. nationalistic ideology, as viewed by Fascist bly hall of International House, beginning policies, and until there is a world integra "'Workers must cooperate to prevent in at 8. , dustry from shipping munitions in time of tion and unity on an emotional basis for .. Both afternoon and evening programs peace, there can be no peace.'' war,' summarizes Harry Shaw's views. He have been arranged for the second day of the spoke for railroad l!bor which he said had PROFESSORS ON PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION ASSOCI• conference, Thursday. Five round table dis recently in part pledged itself to follow such ATION PROGRAM cussion sections; representing various groups a move. of students, will meet from 3:30 to 5:30 in It has already be-en pointed out that the social science research building. Percy H. "Edward Strong, of the League Against Progressive Education Association 1s consid Boynton, professor of English, will lead the · Fascism and wru.·, showed a need for organ ered to be communistic in its objectives. group of fraternity men; A. Eustace Haydon, ization and action as well as education of The Dally Maroon of February 7, 1935, re profetsor of comparative religion, the theo youth against war, while Albert Hamilton, for ported the attendance of seven Chicago Uni logical students; Frederick L. Schuman, the Student League for Industrial Democracy, versity professors at a Progressive Education assistant profe.ssor of political science, the called students 'sheep in caps and gowns,' Association meeting in Chicago, stating as social ECience students; Serena Lowe the but pointed to the conference as a step follows: young workers' and students' group; and toward intelligent action. "Seven professors from the university wlll Robert Morss, professor of English, the group "Louis Wirth, assistant professor of soci take part in the regional conference of the on fascism. · ology and chairman, announced today's Progressive Education Association being held "The final meeting will be held on Thurs schedule of the conference. At 3:30 four tomorrow and Saturday at the Palmer House. day evening at 8 in the social science assem round tables will be held, including Social The theme of the conference is Modern bly hall. The program will include general Science and War, Frederick Schuman, in Education at Work. discussion on the various phases of the anti Social Science 122; Fascism and War, Robert "Frank N. Freeman, professor of educa war question and the consideration of reso M. Lovett, in Social Science 107; Theological tional psychology, will preside at the general lutions drafted in the round table discussion Students and War, A. Eustace Hayden, in session on Saturday afternoon, and Grace sections.'' Social Science 108, and the Fraternity Man Abbott, professor of public welfare adminis and War, Percy Boynton, in Classics 13.'' tration, and former chief of the Childl'en's "REDS" AND "PINKS" UNITE AT ANTIWAR CONFERENCE COMMUNIST PAPER EO.\STS OF ANT!WAR Bureau, Office of Education in Washington, CONFERENCE D. C., will conduct the session on problems of The following report on the antiwar con childhood. ference, appeared in the Daily Maroon of The official Communist report of the anti "In the meeting of the liberal arts in col February 28, 1935: _ war conference, published in the Daily leges section, Chauncey ,S. Boucher, dean of "Midst a deluge of assorted free and salable Worker of March 7, 1935, is also most in the college, will discuss ·the University of literature fired with headlines such as, formative: Chicago plan in terms of the ideals which 'Fight. The revolutionary general strike is. "Round table discussions, led by Professors have motivated it and the practical situation labor's only salvation.' 'Fight. Join the la Hayden, Schuman, Boynton, and Harry Shaw, in which it has been developed. George A. bor struggle in a war to end the capitalistic preceded the closing session. Works, dean of students, will preside. system,' and midst the general· distribution "Tlie conference brought to the fore the "The parents section of the conference of varied 'parties' propaganda, eight speakers existence of a small pro-Fascist bloc among will be addressed by A, Eustace Haydon, pro opened the first all-campus conference for the students. However, the sentiment of the fessor of comparative religiop., on the subject peace last night at International House. On conference was overwhelmingly against them of How Can the Family Fulfill Its Social the only common ground arrived at in meet- and their influence was negligible." I 4486 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD_:_HOUSE MAY 14 REDS CAUSE SPLIT IN COSMOS CLUB Sherwood Anderson( Malcolm Cowley, Jacob editor with Miss Narcissa Swift of Polity The invasion of the socialistic-pacifist Cos L. Crane, Waldo Frank, Michael Gold, Albert magazine; John Groth, staff artist of Esquire mos Club by Communists caused trouble. ~oldman, *Prof. Eustace Hayden, *Prof. magazine; and Lawrence Lipton, acting secre The Daily Maroon·of March 5, 1935, reported Harold Lasswell, *Mary MacDowell, Prof. Scott tary of the Midwest branch of the National the resignation of Schuman as faculty ad Nearing, Dr. Curtis Reese, *Prof. Frederick Committee." ' viser to both the Cosmos Club and the Na Schuman~ *Prof. Louis Wirth, Prof. James M. Yard, *Prof. Robert Morss Lovett. · Mr. Chairman, the thought I want to tional Student League, as follows: bring to the Members of the House of "Frederick L. Schuman, assistant professor ROFESSOR SCHUMAN HEADS BOLSHEVIK-AiD of political science at the university, an GROUP Representatfves at thi& time is this: nounced yesterday that he is dropping all his In April 1933 Prof. Frederick Schuman was Doctor Schuman is just one of hundreds functions as faculty adviser to any student announced as chairman of a new group call and hundreds of professors who have organizations. - This action will affect both ing itself the Chicago Provisional Committee been jerked from the universities of this the Cosmos Club and National Student for Recognition and Normal Trade Relations country by the New Deal to come down League. With Soviet Russia, headquarters of which here to Washington in positions that give "In announcing his resignation from these were located at 105 West Madison St reet, them the opportunity to work with this positions, Professor Schuman stated that the room 1901. action was being taken for purely personal problem in a national way rather than reasons. He will continue in his present PROFESSOR SCHUMAN ON COMMUNIST DEFENSE with students in the classrooms. capacity as adviser to the Cosmos Club until COMMITTEE Personally, I -have no objections to the the end of the w.,eek, serving as arbiter in Jan Wittenber, a Chicago Communist, who subject of communism being discussed the presen~ dispute between the two factions went into southern Illinois as an organizer and taught in the classroom under the claiming the name Cosmos Club and the for the Communist International Labor De affiliation with the Carnegie Foundation for fense was arrested with John Adams, an or subject of communism, but -: do raise International Peace. Professor Schuman an ganizer of the Communist Marine Workers my· voice in protest against the ideology nounced that he would make hi-s decision in Industrial Union, and held in jail in Hills of communism being taught to the stu this matter within the next few days. boro, Ill., charged with sedition, in June dents of this country under the disguise "Professor Schuman had no comment to 1934. The Communist magazine New Masses of social science, history, English, politi make on the contentions of H. S. Greenwald, of September 4, 1934, reported the organiza cal science, or any other title, and not dis correspondent for the executive committ~e of tion of the Jan Wittenber Defense Com cussing it on its own merits. the Cosmos Club, to the effect that there mittee to work for the release of Jan Wit was actually no rift in the club. According tenber ana his fellow conspirators. On the I for one am not afraid of the students to Greenwald, strife was external rather than committee was Prof. Frederick Schuman of of this country discussing communism, internal between club members and in the University of Chicago. because I firmly believe if the true prin surgents who wish to reorganize the Cosmos LOVETT AND SCHUMAN SPONSOR RED BALL ciples of communism are taught under Club with radically changed ideology and An anti-war ball was staged at the Knicker the subject of communism that 99 membership purged of nonsocialist ele bocker Hotel, Chicago, on May 5 by t~e Com percent at least of the .students will ap ments." munist organized and controlled American preciate the value of our republican form PROFESSOR SCHUMAN SPEAKS TO "RED" GROUP League Against War ·and F~scism, Chicago of government in this country in com The Daily Maroon of March 28, 1935, an branch. A letterhead of the anti-war ball parison to the pri-nciples of communism. nounced a meeting of the Student Union committee, dated April 2, 1934, listed Prof. I cannot forget that one of the most Against War and Fascism with Schuman as Robert Morss Lovett and Prof. Frederick L. Schuman as among ·the sponsors of the affair. prominent members of the American speaker, stating: Legion in the United States sent his "War Across Europe will be discussed by STUDENT AND FACULTY MEMBERS SPONSOR RED daughter to the University of Michigan. Frederick L. Schuman, assistant professor of CONGRESS political science, at the first meeting this A letterhead of the Chicago arrangement . She was·one of the most beautiful, most quarter of the Student Union Against committee of the· Second United States Con loyal and patriotic students who ever en Fascism and War in social science assembly gress Against War and Fascism of the Ameri rolled in this .institution of higher learn room tomorrow at 3:30. can League Against War and Fascism listed ing. But when she graduated, she was "Taking his cue from the recent rearma Virginia Bashe, student, and Robert Morss an avowed Comml:lnist, married a Negro ment of Germany, the increase in appropria Lovett, chairman Mary ~acDowell, and Fred Communist and moved to Soviet Russia. tions for American defenses, -the doubling erick L. Schuman of the University of Chi - I cannot forget the conversation of my of the period or- compulsory military service cago, as members of the committee. Lovett· in France, and the British White Paper, Pro is also a vice chairman of the American_ neighbor in Chicago, walking to the sta fessor Schuman will-deal ~ith the imminence League Against War and Fascism, and was one tion one morning, when he said to me: of war in Europe. of the principal speakers at the congress held "Fred, I do not know what has come over "The Student Union, which visualizes it in Chicago, September 28-30,' 1934. ·my boy. He has just returned from the self as the organ of . expression of antiwar University of Wisconsin, and he has the sentiment on the campus, was organized PROFESSORS JOIN IN DEMANDS FOR REPEAL OF SEDITION LAW strangest ideas. He is.telling me that the only a few months ago, but has attracted at institution of tB.e home is obsolete and tention because of its activities in connec The Midwest branch of the National Com tion with the peace strike, which they hope mittee for the Defense of Political Prisoners, old-fashioned and belongs to the horse to help stage April 12. another Communist organized united front, and-buggy days, that religion is the opiate "Last year on the same date 25,000 students mass organization, and the .Chicago Civil of the people, and many, many other in America went ·out on strike. This year Liberties Committee, joined in sending a · radical thoughts." I said to my friend: an attempt is being made to make the strike delegation to Governor Horner to demand "Who are his professors?" To which he an international one. April 12 is the repeal of State sedition laws. The Daily replied: "Oh, I do not know, but the Uni eighteenth anniversary of America's entrance Worker of November 7, 1934, reported as versity of Wisconsin is recognized as one into the World War." follows: "A demand for the repeal of the Illinois of the leading educational ins~itutions of UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PROFESSORS SPONSOR criminal syndicalism law was presented to this country." I had to sympathize with "RED" THEATER Gov. Henry Horner last Thursday in Chicago my friend, but he had lost his boy to the On April ia, 1932, the League of Workers' by a distinguished delegation sponsored cause of communism. Theaters was organized in New York City, as jointly by the Chicago Civil Liberties Com Under the New Deal administration, an American section of the International mittee and the Midwest branch of the Na Washington has become a paradise for Workers Dramatic Union of Moscow, Union tional Committee for the Defense of Po of Soviet Socialist Republics. these university professors who embrace litical Prisoners. · the ideology of communism and at the In January 1933 the Chicago Workers "Included in the delegation were Dr. Fred Theater was organiz~d by the Communist erick L. Schuman and Dr. Harold D. Lasswell, same time appreciate the fact that they John Reed Club of Chicago, and announce of the University of Chicago; Dr. James can be of more value in promoting the ment of the new group appeared in the local Maxon Yard, eminent religious educator; Dr. ideology of communism by not taking Communist paper Workers Voice of January Curtis W. Reese, director of Abraham Lincoln out red cards in the Communist Party. 21, 1933. In March 1933 announcement was Center; Dr. Felix Levy, prominent rabbi; Dr. Mr. Chairman, I have never at any made that the Workers Theater of Chicago Rachelle Yarros, director of the Illinois Social time had the least fear that this beloved would stage a Communist play, Precedent, Hygiene Institute and for many years co at the Goodman Theater on April 8 and 9, worker at Hull House with Jane Addams; the country of ours and our Constitution 1933. Sponsors of the Chicago Workers Reverend W. B. Waltmlre; Miss Jessie Binford, would ever be destroyed by enemies from Theater were listed on the announcement chairman of the Chicago Civil Liberties Com without; but under the New Deal admin as follows. Those marked with ·an asterisk mittee; Hugh Miller, its executive secretary; istration I have every reason in the world are members of th~ faculty of the University Llewellyn Jones, literary critic, now with the to believe it has a good possibility of be of Chicago: .Christian .Century; Nathaniel Samuels, co- ing destroyed rrom within. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 44~1 Mr. Chairman, I sincerely and con The SPEA:ImR. Is there objection? who wrote this article, it seems to me scientiously believe that if the subcom There was no objection. there is some responsibility attached to mittee of which the gentleman from Mr. RAMEY. Mr. ·speaker, the gen 'those who are posing, if they are, as a North Carolina [Mr. KERR] is the chair tleman from Chicago, a few moments committee of the House of Representa man, will take further time to investi ago, mentioned an investigation of the tives. That is a very, very serious thing. gate the .statements made against Dr. Dies committee. That brings to my If we are going to be confronted in this Frederick L. Schuman that I have out mind something that I presented to that House and in this country with Mem lined in Il).Y speech here today, wherein committee, but as yet no attention has bers who have no official sanction, who I included certain excerpts from the been paid to it. On Lincoln's birthday form rump committees and travel at their book, How Red is the University of Chi I suggested that scandalous books ought own will up and down the country, hold cago? they will concur in my opinion that to be removed from the libraries of the ing hearings and, with the support that Dr. Frederick L. Schuman should be country where children and young peo might be given them by certain news eliminated from the taxpayers' pay roll, ple read them. I think that is far more papers, implying and leading the people as well as Goodwin L. Watson, William E. important in connection with this crisis to believe that they officially represent Dodds, jr., and Robert Morss Lovett. than all the other investigations, inas the United States Government, it is The eyes of all patriotic Americans are much as this reaches our youth. The something that this House should cer focused upon the actions of this Con- · authors of these books, since this request tainly take cognizance of and pay some gress. I plead with the Member~ of this was made, have consented to remove the attention to. House to have the courage of their con books from the files, with one exception, I quote further from this article what victions and be equal to their respon Judge Felix E. Alley. One other author, a Member of this House, my colleague sibilities to the people of this country, in ·Gaston B. Means, is dead and another from Philadelphia, a gentleman for seeing that no one remains on the pay caru10t be located. I wrote him and whom I have the highest regard and rolls of the Federal Government but asked him if he would see that the pub who is a personal friend o:f mine, but who those whose Americanism -cannot be lishers of the book did not send it to it was stated will be the chairman of this questioned. libraries where the young may read it congressional subcommittee, had to say. Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Chair and he refused and still maintained that I refer to the gentleman from Pennsyl man, I move that the Committee do now -the Great Emancipator was illegitimate. vania [Mr. SCOTT]. rise. The book · states things about the "As for the congressional sul::icommittee,'' The motion was agreed to. mother of Abraham Lincoln which I ScoTT said, "it Intends to learn at first hand Accordingly the Committee rose; and should not menti<>n here for the children · the problems of rationing as they affect the the Speaker having resumed the chair, of the land to read. public. We intend to concern burselves with Mr. PATMAN, Chairman of the Commit I have written to him a second time and improvement of and the correction of inequi tee of the Whole House on the state of he has refused to answer. I have since ties in rationing," ScoTT said, "and to do what the Union, reported that that Committee, sought an · appointment at his home in we can to make rationing work." • having had under consideration the bill North Carolina and he has refused to This so-called hearing is going to be (H. R. 2788) making appropriations to answer this letter. held in ihe Federal Building of the city supply ·urgent deficiencies in certain ap I think while we are doing things with of Philadelphia. I am informed that propriations for the fiscal year ending reference to the departments we ought they have received the privilege of uti- Jnne 30, 1943, and for prior fiscal years, to see to it that books of this kind going . lizing certain space in that building, but and for other purposes, had come to no throughout this country and saying I fear that the authorization was not offi resolution thereon. things ·about a. man who has passed on cial. However, neither I nor any of my EXTENSION OF R~KS . almost a century ago, and about his angel colleagues would protest against their .'M:r. GAVIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan -mother, whO' are not here · to defend utilization of any space because; after all, imous cdnsent-to extend my own remarks themselves, should not be · placed in a they are Members of Congress, and I in the RECORD and inclllde tberein an library where young people and the . think it is only rJght to accord them any youth of the land read them~ courtesy which can be accorded to them, a,ddress by Walter A. Al~en. , . ·The SPEAKER. Under· a previous even if they do not proceed in the proper The SPEAKE~. Is .the~·e objection? There was no objection. · order of the House, the gentleman from ·manner in requesting it. Pennsylvania [Mr. BRADLEY] is recog Mr. BENDER. Mr. Speaker, will the · Mr. TABER. Mr. Speaker, I ask una.n gentleman yield? imous consent that the gentleman from nized for 30 minutes. Illinois [Mr. BusBEY] be permitted tore SO-CALLED RUMP COMMITTEE HAS NO , Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Not OFFICIAL STANDING at this time. I shall be glad to yield a vise and extend the remarks that he made little bit later for any question my good this afternoon during the consideration Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. of the urgent deficiency appropriation friend or any other Member of the House Speaker, in common with scores of citi may care to ask. bill for the fiscal year 1943 and include zens of Pennsylvania, particularly of my therein certain excerpts and certain I am informed by many of my · con- · own city, I am very much disturbed, as · stituents and by reputable businessmen articles. they are, concerning Teports appearing ·or the city of Philadelphia that they ' The SPEAKER. Is there objection? in certain newspapers in our city regard · have been solicited by certain individuals There was no objection. ing a committee which I understand has and certain organizations in the city of Mr. ROGERS· of California. Mr. no official sanction of the House of Rep Philadelphia to come before this so Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex resentatives but which, according to the called committee to make squawks and tend my remarks in the RECORD and to press reports, is spoken of as a congres to arouse resentment on the part of our include therein a radio address I made sional committee. over the Columbia Broadcasting·System. people. That is a vwy serious thing. I read from an artic!e published in the Aftel~ all, we are engaged in a . war. I The SPEAKER. Is there objection? press of May 8 in the city of Philadel know that in the administration of any There was no objection. phia: great undertaking like the Office of Price LEAVE OF ABSENCE A congressional committee will go to Phil Administration, with all its ramifica Mr. RAMEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask adelphia May 17 to study the effects· of ra tions, in a country as large as the United tioning and to seek methods for its improve States, with the varied economic inter unanimous consent that I may be ment, it was announced today. granted leave of absence from May '30 ests that require supervision during a until June 7. Definitely, that is a statement of an of war, irritations are inevitable. I know The SPEAKER. Is there objection? ficial congressional c9mmittee going to · that a great many people protest about There was no objection. the city of Philadelphia. Of course, I gasoline rationing. I am mindful right cannot attach any responsibility to the now that in today's Philadelphia papers OBJECTIONABLE BOOKS members of this so-called congressional there is an article to the effect that the Mr. RAMEY. Mr. Speaker,' I ask committee for the statement as it ap 0. P. A. officials have subpenaed or unanimous consent to address the House pears in the press, but inasmuch as there ordered certain individuals before them, for 1 minute·. were interviews granted to the reporter 250 of them, who have been apprehende~ 4488 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 using their automobiles to go from Phila this committee and make complaints the ·westmoreland Republican Club, in delphia to the race track at Pimlico in about various things, and have told them the 25th ward, in my district. And they the last week. it is an official congressional committee. boldly placed a sign in the window of We hear a lot of talk about everybody Mr. RAMSPECK. Then I think cer that club reading "Tire rationing board being willing to make sacrifices in this tainly, if the gentleman will yield fur meets bere every Thursday." That is war. There is too much talk about be ther, that our colleagues who are en how they handle those things. As I ing willing to make sacrifices and not gaged in this activity should be very stated, there are bound to be some irri enough of actually making them without careful to make it plain to the public tations in a program of this kind, but I squawking and complaining about them. that they are not representing any com do not think any Member of Congress I do not think the American boys out mittee of Congress, that they are not serves any good purpose or does any good on the beach heads in Guadalcanal, I do representing the Congress itself, but that to further the war effort by going around not think those Americans who at such they are acting in their individual ca stirring up resentment against a progTam a terrific price in blood have been part pacities as Members of Congress. which is being honestly and efficiently of that great victorious army in Africa, Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I administered. I do not think our gallant American air think the gentleman is right, and I thank Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, men in the southwest Pacific or our gal him for his contribution. will the gentleman yield? lant sailors maintaining a patrol on all Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, the gen Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Yes. the oceans of the globe, are going to be tleman understands that both the gen Mr. EBERHARTER. I am very glad served or helped by any group such as tleman who is speaking and myself cer the gentleman has brought this matter this which is traveling throughout the tainly can have no impression that it is to the attention of the House. All of us country and arousing the resentment an official committee of Congress, be know that it is soni~imes necessary for which an undertaking of this kind will cause nothing has been said either in the Congress to appoint special com inevitably arouse against the Govern correspondence or in ·the newspapers mittees to 'make investigations, and in ment of the United States. other than what would indicate clearly order to have these special committees, If the propaganda agents of the Axis that this is a Republican food study com action in the House is taken, and always Powers had endeavored to formulate a mittee, and I may say that from the re when a committee of that kind is set up, plan to disrupt our morale, they could actions that we have already had, that a resolution is passed, which provides think of nothing more effective than a it seems to be very much needed. funds so that the special committees can plan of this kind. Of course, I am not Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I operate, so that they can issue subpenas going to impugn the motives of my cor only know what I read in the newspapers and carry on the proper type of investi leagues, my colleague from Philadelphia about that, which is published as the re gation. We all know that special com or the others who may be associated sult of an interview with the gentleman mittees have been appointed by the with him in this undertaking. I would from Pennsylvania [Mr. ScoTT]. That Speaker of the House, but what concerns :aot do that. But the very fact that cer is all my constituents know, and those me in ·this is whether this rump com tain groups in Philadelphia have already constituents see clearly that it is pub mittee is be~ng financed by some individ prepared to make political capital out of lished as a result of an interview with ual or group of individuals, and what this thing certainly shows how danger my friend. group of individuals is furnishing· the ous, how serious it is. To my mind, it is Mr. SCOTT. Oh, read the entire money, because naturally it costs money just a wee bit-and I am charitable in article. to conduct an investigation of this kind. that respect-reprehensible on the part Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I will It is said they intend to go all over the of anyone who attempts to convey to the let the gentleman do that in his own country. I would like to know whether it people of the city of Philadelphia the im time. is for purely partisan political purposes pression or the implication that this is Mr, SCOTT. I am not talking for the that' this rump committee is traveling an"' official committee of the Congress of newspapers. around the country, and i wowd like to the United States. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I will know definitely how much money they Mr. RAMSPECK. Mr. Speaker, will leave it to the gentleman to read it com have already expended, and how much the gentleman yield? pletely. Let me state this: Of course, it they intend to spend. Mr. BRADLEY of . Pennsylvania. I does state that it is a food-study com Mr. SCOTT. May I ask the gentle yield to my good friend from Georgia. mittee of the Republicans in Congress, man from Pennsylvania [Mr. E:aER Mr. RAMSPECK. Am I to under but it also speaks of it as a congressional HARTER] a question? stand from the gentleman that this is , subcommittee. In the particular para an unofficial meeting of a group of Mem Mr. EBERHARTER. Particularly in graph that I just read the newspaper view of the fact that the reports are car bers of Congress, not a subcommitt~e of article says: ried that this is a congressional subcom any standing committee or select com Such a committee, it was suggested- mittee of the House? mittee. To my mind it appears to be a Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I And I will deviate from the article to little bit derogatory to the respect in read something in the press yesterday, I say that I do not know who suggested Which this House should be held if any may say to the gentleman, to the effect it- group of individuals- that the Speaker of the House was ques Such a committee, it was suggested, could Mr. SCOTT. We expect to go up there tioned by the reporters at his press con make a nonpartisan contribution by its and have a full hearing. ference with respect to this committee, studies of the question of whether the law Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I and my recollection of what I read in the had been complied with. yield to my colleague. press was. that the Speaker stated that Let me tell you something about the Mr. EBERHARTER. If this commit this was not an official committee, it was rationing of rubber in the State of Penn tee should appear in my city of Pitts not a committetfof the House of Repre sylvania before' 0. P. A. appeared. burgh, I shall certainly make every at sentatives, and it had no standing as Members of the tire-rationing boards and tempt I possibly can to inform the pub such. other rationing boards in Philadelphia lic that the committee has no power Mr. RAMSPECK. And it is the im were appointed upon the recommenda whatsoever; that it simply has the same pression of the gent1eman's constituents tion of the State council of defense, and power as any group of individuals might in Philadelphia that this is an official in my own congressional district, and in have, so that th.e public will not be mis committee? • all other congressional districts in our informed, arid no misrepresentations Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. city they were so tinged with politics that made. There is such an impression, . because I it stank to high heaven. In one instance It appears to me that the Membership and my colleagues from that city have a tire-rationing board was plunged right of this House should maintain its dignity received numerous inquiries. We have into politics, openly and viciously. The and maintain the respect that the coun received letters concerning it, and I members were Republican politicians ap try has for. it by exposing this partisan know from my personal knowledge that pointed on recommendation of the State committee which was set up, as I under certain people in Philadelphia have been council for defense. They were auda stand, by. the chairman of the Republi active in soliciting citizens to go before cious enough to hold their meetimis in_ can National Committee. Particularly, I 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4489 would like to ltnow where the money is from Pennsylvania (1\fr. EBERHARTER], as partments and also regulate all of the coming from and have an accounting. to who was paying the expenses of these actions of the executive departments. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I am members. . We have in this Congress a number of glad my colleague has made that state· Mr. MILLER of Connficticut. Will committees that have been looking into ment, because he asked a ver~ pertinent the gentleman yield? the food situation and into the 0. P. A. question that did not occur to me. Per· Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I Former Senator Prentiss Brown has tes· haps . my friend, the gentleman from yield. - titled 15 or 1'6 times before standing con Pennsylvania tMr. ScoTT], to whom I am Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. I am a gressional committees. I believe he has now going to yield briefly, because I member of that committee, and what· appeared 3 or 4 times before the understand he has his own time, but if ever traveling I have done with that Committee on Agriculture of the Senate. he cares to have me yieJd to answer that, committee and will do with that com I think twice before the Small Business I will yield. mittee will come out of mY.: own pocket Committee of the House. I think twice Mr. SCOTT. My question is-- and not out of the Federal Treasury. before the Small Business Committee of Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Is it Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. We the Senate. He has also personally ap· addressed to me or to the gentleman from know that it cannot come out {)f the peared before several other committees Pennsylvania [Mr. EBERHARTER]? Federal Treasury. of the yongress. So we have had Mr. Mr. SCOT!'. I wm ask the gentleman Mr. SCOT!'. The members -are- pay. Brown down 14 or 15 or 1'6 times befo-re from Pennsylvania [Mr. BRADLEY] to an· ing their own expenses to and from standing committees of the House and swer this: The public hearing in Phila· Philadelphia out of their own pockets Senate. We have had many other o:ffi. delphia will be by a committee of 14 Con· and are glad to do it because we regard cials of the 0. P. A. down numerous gressmen, representing 14,000,000 people. it as a necessary and -essential public times before standing committees of the Is not the gentleman's intention in tak· service. Congress. In fact, I am of the opinion ing the floor today to seek to intimidate Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I am that the Congress through its standing or terrorize the public or prevent the glad to hear that because there has been committees has a complete picture of public from testifying before 14 Members a lot of speculation around Philadel· the entire situation which the rump of the United States Congress? Is he not phia on that question, too. committee purposes to reinvestiga te. I seeking to gag the public? Mr. MYERS. Will the gentleman think, Mr. Speaker, that an attempt of Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. The yield? ' this sort, a hearing of this sort, is a gentleman knows that no such intent Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I bold statement by 14 Republican Mem· exists. The gentleman knows that my will yield to my colleague after I read bers of Congress that they have no con remarks are made necessary because he this paragraph. This press report says fidence in the standing committees of and some others very foolishly conveyed further: the House. They do not believe that the to the public through the medium of the Later he indicated- ·standing, nonpartisan committees of press that they constitute an official corn· this Congress hav~ looked into this sub· Speaking of the gentleman from Penn· ject fairly or have looked into it at all mittee of the House of Representatives. sylvania [Ur. ScoTTJ- I am glad to learn that they are taking but they believe that they, a partisan up a whole army-14 Members. Later he indicated the subcommittee :will group, can accomplkh much .more than report to the full committee, which in turn Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the the standing committees of the House gentleman yield? will report to Congress, and at the same time and Senate. It is difficult to see how will take up with the'Omce of Price Adminis this rump Republican group can study Mr. B,RADLEY of Pennsylvania. I tration all problems whieh can be met by yield. · changes in administrative regulations. Fur this subject in a nonpartisan way when Mr. PATMAN. Committees like that ther, any legislation -which may seem advis· they refuse to recognize that many of have been referred to in the past as able as a result oi the hearings will be rec the standing committees of the House rump committees. T'ney have no au· ommended. and Senate, composed of both Republi thority or power, unlike an official com· Now, if that is not intended to convey cans and- Delnocrats, have given this mittee of the House that goes out and to the people that this is a congressional subject of food and rationing much hears testimony and has that testimony committee, then I cannot interpret the study. printed and sent to each Member of the English language. So they are going to bring the Qffieials House and Senate and to all executive Mr. MYERS. Will the gentl-eman of the 0. P. A .. in Philadelphia and the departments. A committee such as the yield? officials of the 0. P. A. in other cities and gentleman describes has no such power. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I in other Staoos of this Nation before their It can make no report. It has no power yield. rump committee, and the time ·of these to make a report. Mr. MYERS. This Philadelphia meet. officials is going to be taken up in an. Mr. EBERHARTER. Will the gen ing may merely carry out the thought swering the partisan questions of this tleman yield? that was advanced not so many months partisan group. 1 regret that my col· Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I ago by the gentleman from Pennsylvania leagues do not have sufficient confidence yield. [Mr. SCOTT] that they-these 14 Repub in the standing committees of this Mr. EBERHARTER. Every special lican Congressmen-are of "the best House; I regret that they f-eel it neces· committee appointed by the House of stock and represent the real brains, grit, sary to go beyond the walls of this Con Representatives is composed· of Repre· and backbone of America." gress and appoint a special committee sentatives of both parties. Mr. SCOTT. That was a pretty dirty of their own choosing without consulting Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Both crack. That was made solely for the the Speaker, without consulting the man parties, certainly. puJ;I>ose of publishing in the Philadel who has been elected by this Congress Mr. EBERHARTER. The Republican phia Record. as its Speaker, who is the Speaker of all Party and the Democratic Party. But The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. the Members of this Congress, be they this is an ex parte committee, so that RAMSPECK) . The gentleman from Penn Republicans or Democrats; they did not any result ·of the studies, of course, sylvania tMr. BRADLEY] has the floor. consult him about the appointment of should be looked upon with the greatest Does the gentleman yield? this committee which they call a con susp'cion. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I gressional committee, but they travel Mr. BRADLEY of' Pennsylvania. At h~d - yielded to my friend the gentleman throughout the country and take testi· that point, I want to· read further from from Pennsylvania [Mr. MYERS] and mony under false colors, and this Con· the newspaper article, just on the point he had not concluded. gress should and must resent such that my friend, the· gentleman from Mr. MYERS. It seems to me that in actions. Texas (Mr. PATMAN] brought out. First. this Government the Executive is ac The gentleman from Pennsylvania I want to emphasize- this, that the cused of trespassing upon the preroga. [Mr. BRADLEY] is to be congratulated be gentleman from - Pennsylvania [Mr. tives of the Congress, but it seems to me cause he at least h~s brought to the at ScOTT] did not reply to the question also that the Congress deE"ires to appoint tention of the people of Philadelphia the asked by my colleague the gentleman all the personnel of the e-xecutive de· fact that this is a partisan committee. 4490 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 Only today I met some people from from Pennsylvania to make reference to Mr. PLOESER. Mr. Speaker, may I my city, a group of labor representatives some representatives of labor organiza say for the benefit of the very distin who told me that they were going to ap tions who wish to be heard. guished -chairman of the Small Busi pear some day next week before a con Mr. ·BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I ness Committee, the gentleman from gressional committee on the subject of want to correct the gentleman right Texas [Mr. PATMAN], for. whom I have rationing. I asked them if they knew there. the very highest regard, that he and I that it was not a congressional commit Mr. SCOTT. I am glad they do want both know after having had much to do tee but merely a meeting of a number of to be heard and we are going to give with the Office of Price ·Administration Republican Congressmen. They said, them an opportunity to be heard. that the Republican Party is not de "Why, no; we thought it was an official Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Just sirous of laying any claim to the long congressional committee." a moment. The gentleman from Penn haired boys down there, and I do not I think it is unfortunate in this time sylvania [Mr. MYERS] did not say they mean by that that the Democratic of great national emergency that we wanted to be heard; he said they were Party lays claim to them. They have should have partisan committees going under the impression that this was a sort of been born in your basl{et and throughout the country investigating congressional committee that was sit there is hardly any way of getting rid subjects which the Congress itself has al . ting in Philadelphia next week with offi- of them. The great stream of those ready investigated. cial sanction and authority, but that they bearing prof~ssorial togas in 0. P. A. Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I did not know it was a rump committee. belong to a society in America which thank my colleague. The gentleman They will know from this moment on, does not come from either old-line de from Pennsylvania [Mr. :MYERS] is abso however. mocracy and certainly not old-line or lutely correct. It is a question of the Mr. SCOTT. This is my question, modern-day Republicanism. Whether dignity of the House of Representatives; Does the gentleman have any objection they come from Philadelphia or not, I it is a question of the confidence in which to the representatives of the working peo do not know. the Members of the House have in the ple in Philadelphia telling their troubles Mr. SCOTT. I thank the gentleman Speaker. Definitely this is a rump com to a Philadelphia Member and his asso for his contribution. mittee, as my good friend from Texas ciates? Mr. PLOESER. May I say, too, that has so pointedly stated; not only that, it Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I the gentleman from Texas [Mr. PATMAN] is a committee which I cannot conceive am sorry the gentleman asked me that knows and I know through many months being anything but thoroughly partisan, question. I wish the gentleman had not of work with the 0. P. A. that there are and I repeat that any partisan under asked me that question because he pro ~ery, very few Americans in either party taking in a matter of this kind at a time vokes a reply from me that I would rather who would claim thetn. He and I both when the very life of the Nation is at stake not make, but through his insistence on agree they ought to all go back to their can do no good; it is calculated to do the question he makes me give him this college classrooms. infinite harm, and must be music in the reply: I wish the gentleman from Phila Mr. SCOTT. I thank the gentleman ears of the dictators of the Axis Powers. delphia [Mr. ScoTT] had been as atten again. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the tive to labor leaders and labor organi May I say to the gentleman from Phila gentleman yield? zations in Philadelphia in the past when delphia, since this particular perform Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I he could have been of assistance to them ance has been instigated by a request for yield. and when they probably did endeavor to a special order on the part of the gentle Mr. PATMAN. It is my understanding make known their wishes to him when man from Pennsylvania [Mr. BRADLEY], that all these gentlemen favor price con certain legislative and other matters were that I would prefer not to yield for a few trol because they know we must have about to be considered, which vitally af minutes, but will agree to yield in plenty price control to avoid ruinous inflation. fected the workers in our city. of time for him and his colleagues on It is only a question of how the law should Mr. SCOTT. They have found me very the other side to catch the dead line 'of be administered. This being true; there friendly and always glad to talk to them. the Philadelphia Record, which has un are more Republicans in 0. P. A., at least Mr. PATMAN. If I understand the doubtedly inspired this whole proceeding 10 percent more-there are at least 60- gentleman correctly, what he objects to is in order to terrify and, if possible, to gag percent Republicans in 0. P. A. They the attempted use and abuse of the House free American citizens from talking to could probably make better progress if of Representatives as a sounding board their own Congressmen, including one they would confine their efforts to the for strictly partisan political purposes? of .their own Philadelphia Representa Republicans in 0. P. A. who are making Mr. BRADLEY of ·Pennsylvania. That tives, and including the Congressman at some of these foolish rules· and regula is it exactly, and that is how the people Large from the State of Pennsylvania. tions. in Philadelphia are going to feel about Further, I would like to extend to the Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. The this committee when the truth is brought gentleman from Philadelphia a full, free, gentleman may have something there; I home to them fully. and frank invitation to listen in on the believe there is food for thought in what The SPEAKER. Under a previous or proceedings, because we do not conduct the gentleman has said. My point in our proceedings along Gestapo lines. We bringing this matter to the attention of der of the House, · the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. JENKINS] is recognized for 10 have learned from bad examples not to the House and to the attention of the be influenced by any plea for secret meet people today, is to point out to them that minutes. Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, in view ings or secret covenants secretly arrived this is not a congressional committee; it at in bureaucratic headquarters. It is is a purely partisan committee, and it is of the fact that the distinguished gen . tleman from Philadelphia who preceded our purpose to hear openly all who wish organized and traveling around the coun to be heard, all of those who ca:tmot be try for purely partisan reasons. I think, me spoke to only siX Democrats who are now present' in the Chamber, three of terrified by threats to gag them, an of perhaps, its present visit to Philadelphia those who cannot be driven away from is tied up to some extent with the forth whom are from Pennsylvania, I think the matter is one in which Philadelphia a free and open opportunity to tell their coming municipal election campaign in troubles to their Congressmen by the that city. is interested and I shall have no more to say at this time. sudden, concerted, and detrimental ef Mr. SCOTT. Mr. "Speaker, will the forts to use the local press or that part gentleman yield? The SPEAKER. Under previous or of it which has· instigated this proceeding Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I der of the House, the gentleman from for a smear attack upon the people of will yield if the gentleman wants to Pennsylvania [Mr. ScoTT] is recognized Philadelphia who wish to be heard and aEk a question and provided that if I do for 30 minutes. · upon a group of Congressmen who wish not have sufficient time in which to INVES~IGATION OF FOOD SITUATION IN to hear them, a group which has been answer that he will yield me some of PHILADELPmA organized with the full and free consent his time. Mr. PLOESER. Will the gentleman of the Republican Party in the Congress, Mr. SCOTT. The question can be yield? not a 1ew thing, but something which quickly asked and even more quickly Mr. SCOTT. I yield to the gentleman has been done many times before and answered. I understo.ed the gentleman from Missouri. many years before, simply a continuance 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4491 of study programs in a determined ef that is very desirable and very fitting. I Mr. MYERS. Personally I would much fort to establish a method of constructive imagine that they are going to render rather let this matter be handled in the criticism and of constructive research service to the people of Philadeiphia regular way, through the standing com looking toward the improvement of var such as the citizens would like to have. mittees. I am not saying that by way of ious features of the Government. I would like to know, and I think this criticism, but I think it is much better for Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Will is something all of them would like to investigations of this kind to be made by the gentleman yield? know, and that is this: Surely it ·is the the constituted committees of the House Mr. SCOTT. I yield to the gentleman duty of the individual Congressman to and the Senate and I hope the gentleman from Minnesota. go into his district, listen to his people, does not mean this as a reflection on Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. As I return and make recommendations to these committees. understand it, the purpose of the hear the 0. P. A. or to a legislative committee. Mr. SCOTT. I have great respect for ing at Philadelphia is to help people who If that is a good thing why is it not a bet the gentlemen who have just spoken. are hungry get food? · ter thing for him to take some of his There seems to be a great deal of misap Mr. SCOTT. Precisely. colleagues along who would like to help prehension. If I may proceed, there is Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I have with the problem? one thing I would like to clear up right followed this somewhat and I hope to be Mr. SCOTT. That is precisely what now. I regard him as one of the finest able to dig up enough money out of my we have in mind. Now, if I may have a Members of this House, and I can say own pocket to pay my fare to go along on few minutes without interruption, I will the same thing of our colleague, the gen- the trip. say to the gentleman that we do welcome tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. BRAD Mr. SCOTT. Since the gentleman and the participation at the hearings of our LEY]. But they appear to have consid I do not have access to the Federal colleagues on the other side of the aisle, erable fear of revelations they expect to Treasury, I assume the gentleman will including our colleagues from Philadel hear in Philadelphia. be there by reason of use of his own phia and we would urge them, if they do Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. funds. not care to participate in a free and open Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. It public hearing, because they cannot Mr. SCOTT. I yield. looks to me as if there is need for some stand criticism, then I would suggest Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. kind of a hearing in Philadelphia be that it is better to go to the Rules Com Speaker, it is very seldom that people cause I see from the papers that 850 food mittee and ask for a rule establishing a living outside of Washington have an stores have closed up. congressional committee to investigate opportunity to appear and lay their Mr. SCOTT. Yes. not only the black markets, but the many complaints and troubles before a con Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I also other · complaints which . have come in gressional committee antl this gives them note that eight large wholesale poultry from all over. the country, from people such an opportunity. dealers were· indicted by the grand jury who are begging, literally imploring the May I say further that the committee in Philadelphia for violating the 0. P. A. Members of Congress to come and hear of which my distinguished friend from laws and for dealing in black-market them concerning the operation of the Texas [Mr. PATMAN] is chairman; re poultry, tremendously raising the price black markets, come and hear them tell sulted on account of action taken by the that the consumers had to pay. that they cannot get food and hear them minority in appointing a committee to Mr. SCOTT. Yes. These are things, tell of their difficulties in rationing. make studies of the business situation in I may say, which they do not want us to The plain, ordinary, everyday citizen the country; and, the committee of ·bring out. · of America has not been given a decent which the very able gentleman is chair Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Will .hearing in Washingto._ or before the man, resulted from that action. the gentleman yield? · · 0. P. A. , and he is glad, I am sure, to have Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the the Members of Congress go back to gentleman yield? · Mr. SCOTT. Briefly. their own home districts, associate with Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I them and give them the full and free · Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I cannot will be very brief. I think the gentle hearing to which. they are entitled and yield; I would like an opportunity to ·man from Minnesota has stated it very which ·they have every right to have complete my statement. Everybody is well-that these black-market operators without any interference. making this speech except me. have been indicted, which shows that the Mr. MY!:RS. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the Federal Government and the 0. P. A. is gentleman yield? gentleman yield for a correction? on the .job protecting the citizens of Mr. SCOTT. I yield. Mr. SCOTT. I am sorry that I cannot Philadelphia. He does not favor their Mr. MYERS. Mr. Speaker, I am deeply yield. going scot free without indictment or gratified and I am appreciative of the Mr. PATMAN. I simply wanted to any action on the part of the 0. P. A., I invik,tion to sit in with my colleague say that the action creating this com hope. at this meeting ir. Philadelphia, btit I mittee was taken a day before. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Cer hope the gentleman does not mean to say Mr. SCOTT. The gentleman has tainly not. that these people have been gagged and made his point, but his committee was Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. That bulldozed and have not been able to ap born of the activity of Republicans in committee is not going up to the city of pear before a congressional committee demanding aid for the small business Philadelphia to help these black-market of the House or the Senate. man. operators? From what the gentleman Mr. SCOTT. I was referring to the Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. says, I am a little apprehensive that that 0. P. A., if the gentleman will recall; I Speaker, will the gentleman yield for an may be their purpose. said the 0. P. A. and the departments. other question? Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. The Mr. MYERS. I hope he does not be Mr. SCOTT. I cannot yield further. fact that these men have been indicted lieve that.. the people who have been com I would like to make a part of this speech and 850 food stores have been closed up _plaining have not had a forum; I hope ~yself. and the further fact that the people of he does not mean that the Members of Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. Philadelphia and the surrounding area Congress, or the committee of which the Speaker, I make the point of order that are not getting poultry, is evidence that distinguished gentleman from Texas the gentleman who has the floor has a there is something wrong and something _[Mr. PATMAN] is chairman, or the Com right to be protected by the Chair. He should be investigated. · mittee on Agriculture of the House, or has declined to yield. Mr. SCOTT. I ~gre~ , wti~ t~1e gentle the Agricultural Committee in the Sen• The SPEAKER. The gentleman from man . . ate, or the Smith Committee, have not Pennsylvania declines to yield. · Mr. CURTIS. Will the' gentleman given these people an opportunity to be Mr. SCOTT. The point which I have yield? · heard. been .. seeking to make· for some time is Mr. SCOTT. I yield to the gentleman Mr. SCOTT. I was pointing out that this, that despite this effort to frighten from Nebraska. · the chairman of this Republican Food the timid and 'to scare away those peo Mr. CURTIS. I think that this com Study Committee has done a great deal ple who have sought long to be heard and mittee is not only doing something that to give these people an opportunity·to be to testify in Philadelphia, like the peo ought to be commendea; out something heard. · · ·. ple of Boston, where between 30 and 40 4492 - CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-I-IOUSE MAY 14 witnesses, including consumers, repre my respect for this body or for its officers. Mr. PATMAN. Some of them involve sentatives of the great labor organiza But I submit the gentleman has not an Philadelphia. tions, processors, wholesalers, and retail swered the question, because the gentle- Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, will the ers, all welcomed the opportunity to be . man has not shown any congressional gentleman yield? heard fully and courteously by this com committee the way to Philadelphia. It Mr. SCOTT. I yield to the gentleman mittee, the people in Philadelphia are is only 2 hours and 20 minutes away, and from Ohio. - looking forward to the same opportunity, the gentleman has not shown any com Mr. JENKINS. May I ask the dis I am sure they will resent very much an mittee the way to Philadelphia. You can tinguished gentleman from Texas [Mr. effort to create the impression in Phil get there by the railroads, by bus lines, PATMAN] whether or not he gave an op adelphia that the Members of Congress or by your own car, if you were pe1:mitted portunity to be heard to any of these 550 who are going up there to hear them do to drive it. small grocers and feedmen who come not have the right to hear them. They Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, will the from Philadelphia? most certainly do have a full and abso gentleman yield? Mr. PATIIAAN. Absolutely, yes. lute right to hold such a hearing. They Mr. SCOTT. I yield to the gentleman Mr. JENKINS. Did the hearing the expect to go through with it. They ex from Ohio. gentleman accorded them do them any pect to hear the people of Philadelphia, Mr. JENKINS. Is it not a well-recog good? - including the representatives of tl;le nized fact in Washington that next to Mr. SCOTT. Th..e stores are closed great labor organizations, many of whom winning the war the most important down, if that did them any good. They have already accepted invitations from problem before the American people is are out of business. the committee to be present. W.e expect the threatened scarcity of food? Mr. PATMAN. We can certainly do to hear them. We welcome their testi Mr. SCOTT. There is no question more for them if both parties are rep mony. We lmow they do not want prices about it. resented and getting all the facts. increased nor do they want the black Mr. JENKINS. That is a fact. The Mr. SCOTT. I submit that the crisis market. We know that they are in gentleman knows that our Food Study is so great that we cannot wait for com trouble, that they are concerned, that Committee has already brought that out mittees which meet in Washington at they are worried about wher~ they are on numerous occasions, and that the the convenience of the chairman, no going to get food. people of the Nation are aroused every matter how often they meet. I am not I can well understand why some of my where-not only in Philadelphia but in criticizing the gentleman's committee. friends on the other side of the aisle every city and in every hamlet in the I must say we cannot wait for him. This might not want to hear these representa Nation. Everybody who has made a is a desperate situation. We are going tives of the working people and the con study of the proposition knows that there to· go into the country to hear the people sumers generally. I understand that. is a dire threat of great inconveniences in their cities. · But I want the gentleman to know we are to come to us because of the failure of Mr. PATMAN. Why does the gentle going to hear them. I want him to the policies relative.. to food by those who man go out in the country?- Why does know that we are friendly to their point have them in charge. If these two dis he not go down here to the 0. P. A.? of view, that we are anxious to have tinguished gentlemen from Philadelphia, That is where the trouble is. them come there and tell us why it is that if they are not advised on this fact, will Mr. SCOTT. I cannot yield further they cannot buy the necessities of life, attend the gentleman's meeting in Phila to the gentleman. why it is that they have to pay exorbi delphia next Monday, I am sure they will Mr. MICHENER . . Mr. Speaker, if the tant and outrageous prices which are be awakened to the fact that in Phila gentleman from Pennsylvania will yield, fixed by the black market, why it is that delphia the situation is as bad as it is whether it be in the city of'Philadelphia no committee from the side of the House anywhere. or a city in Michigan even, it seems to of the gentleman from Pennsylvania me that it is not only untimely, but it is [Mr. Br.ADLEY] has ever shown the Mr. SCOTT. If they· are as much i:p. terested as the Republican Food Study unusual and I am rather surprised at slightest interest in coming to Phila my good friends from Philadelphia who delphia and holding a hearing of this Committee is, I am sure they will be present -to hear the complaints of their criticize Members of Congress who at kind. own constituents in Philadelphia. We their •JWn expense are willing to go to Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Is Philadelphia. I am surprised, I say, the gentleman asking me a question? would like to know why these black mar kets are not stopped, why these ~abuses that my friends are not willing to coop Mr. SCOTT. If the gentleman can erate with their political adversaries in answer that, why he has or why he has -are not corrected. I might add that the 0. P. A. officials, some of whom I know getting the facts in Philadelphia and not, I shall be glad to hear it, but I do bringing those facts back from Philadel not yield for another speech. personally and for whom I have the highest regard, have been notified by phia to the Congress. Knowing my good Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. 1 the committee of the holding of these friend Mr. MYERS and my good friend will tell the gentleman this. Because we hearings and will be given every oppor Mr. EBERHARTER, as I do, I should think have respect for the organization of the tunity to be present. Also, many people that they would rise on the :floor and House of Representatives, because we in Philadelphia have voluntarily asked say to their colleagues, if there is any have respect for the orderly procedure for an opportunity to be heard, includ thing wrong in Philadelphia, God bless that has been set down under the rules ing representatives of the great labor you, go up there, and we will lay every of this House, and because we have re organizations. thing on the table, and we will advise spect and confidence in the Speaker of the newspapers and ask them to give you this House, we would not dare go Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the publicity, and cooperate with you in any throughout the country posing as an gentleman yield? investigation you desire to make at your official congressional committee. That Mr. SCOTT. For a question. own expense, a:p.d we. will welcome you is my answer to the gentleman. Mr. PATMAN. The gentleman stated and help you in bringing out anything Mr. SCOTT. The gentleman has that they did not have an opportunity. that is wrong in Philadelphia and pre made his reply. It is not a very good May I say to the gentleman that we have senting it to the Congress and asking one. had several hearings before our Com legislation to remedy that situation. I Mr. PATMAN. Will the gentleman mittee on Small Business. There are am surprised at my friends. permit me to answer that? some good men on that committee from Mr. KELLEY. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. SCOTT. No; I will not yield at the gentleman's side. We have heard gentleman yield? this moment. everybody who wanted to be heard. In Mr. SCOTT. In a moment. I may No one can have any greater respect some cases most of them were from Phil say in reply to the gentleman from Mich-. for the Speaker of this House or for this adelphia. Only next week we have hear igan that I am surprised that my CC\1- great body than I. I have regarded the ings set down for Monday, Tuesday, leagues have not seen fit to extend the Congress of the- United States with the Wednesday, and Thursday on 0. P. A. hospitality of the very hospitable city, greatest respect and the greatest awe regulations. the very friendly city of Philadelphia to ever since I was old enough to know what Mr. SCOTT. I said I yielded to the 14 visiting Members of Congress who rep the Congress was. I yield to no one in gentleman for a question. resent 4,000,000 people, who, at their 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4493 own time and expense are much inter Mr. MYERS. I wanted to know with Mr. SCOTT. I admit nothing of the ested in investigating this problem. whom he was associated before he en- sort. The gentleman evidently missed Why this effort to prevent people from tered the Government service as chief the entire point of the committee. testifying and being heard? counsel for the 0. P. A. in Philadelphia. . Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. ~ill Mr. KELLEY. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. SCOTT. He was associated with · the gentleman yield? gentleman yield? the office of that celebrated constitu- · Mr. SCOTT. I yield. Mr. SCOTT. I yield to my friend from tional lawyer, Thomas Raeburn White. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. There Pennsylvania [Mr. BRADLEY] for a ques Mr. MYERS. Was the gentleman as- was some question about when the gen tion. sociated with Mr. Elsbree at one time in tleman from ·Massachusetts [Mr. MAR Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I just the practice of law? TIN] appointed a special small business wanted to reply to what the gentleman Mr. SCOTT. I was associated in the men's committee, which brought about from Michigan [Mr. MICHENER] said. same office, very pleasantly so, but for a the creation of a special committee in Mr. SCOTT. Oh, no, I can only yield brief time. the House. I have looked up the RECORD for a question. Mr:MYERS. That is what I want to and I find that on August 11, 1941, the Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Then bring out. gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. the gentleman will not yield to me to Mr. SCOTT. The gentleman referred Mt" RTIN] appointed a special committee reply to him? to is not only an able lawyer, but he is and that the gentleman from Indiana Mr. SCOTT. I am afraid I canvot a very conscientious man, and I under- [Mr. HALLECK] was made its chairman. yield. The gentleman can take his own stand, if the gentleman wants to go into That was a Republican study committee. time later. · it, that he and the entire Philadelphia I also found that House Resolution 294 Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I am Democratic delegation protested his ap- was introduced by the gentleman from very glad that the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD pointment because they had somebody Texas [Mr. PATMAN] the day after, on will show that the gentleman does not more political in mind. August 12, and it passed the House on want a reply from me. Mr. MYERS. Do I understand that December 4, 1941, and the committee was Mr. SCOTT. I am very glad to have a Mr. ElEbree, chief counsel of the o. P. A. appointed on December 11. Now, if reply, but not a speech, at the conclusion in Philadelphi-a, was associated in the there is anything wrong with that I of my remarks. The gentleman has practice of law with the gentleman from would like to have it pointed out. made reference to soldiers at Guadal- . Pennsylvania [Mr. ScoTT] at the time of Mr. PATMAN. Yes; there is some· canal. I canno.t see why the soldiers In Guadalcanal, or in Tunisia, would not his apppintment to the 0. P. A.? thing wrong with it. like to know that their families can get Mr. SCOTT. He occupied an office The SPEAKER. The time of the gen- enough to eat, and know that their fam with me very near the gentleman's own tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. ScoTT] ilies when they go to the stores will find office. We are all neighbors there in the has expired. opportunity to put something in their same building. We are all in the same l\.1r. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, I market baskets and not have to answer building, Mr. Elsbree and myself and as!{ unanimous consent to proceed for 5 a lot of questionnaires to Gestapo queries you. . minutes. about every pound of food or meat or Mr. MYERS. I do not believe the gen- The SPEAKER. There are two other vegetables that they buy. tleman should speak of the Gestapo special orders. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. moves in the 0. P. A. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. SCOTT. I am sure the gentleman Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. Mr. SCOTT. I yield to the gentleman. is not ashamed of the fact that he and Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. As a I once were associated together. after the other special orders which have matter of fact, due to the fact that from Mr. MYERS. Absolutely not. Mr·. SCOTT. Or that I was once asso- been entered today I may address the 75 to 95 percent of all the poultry in House for 8 minutes. Philadelphia is in the black market, ciated with Mr. Elsbree? I do not know The SPEAKER. Is there.objection? the soldiers and their families are not what it has to do with this fact, and able to get any poultry. having answered the gentleman, I refuse There was no objection. Mr. SCOTT. I know that the soldiers 'to yield further. EXTENSION OF REMARKS would like to know that their families Mr. MYERS. He is chief counsel for Mr. ROLPH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan- are being taken care of. the 0. P. A. in Philadelphia and came out · imous consent to extend in the RECORD Mr. MYERS. Mr. Speaker, will the of the same office as you did. You were a testimonial entitled "Congressman EN gentleman yield? both associated and had an office to- GLEBRIGHT," by Horace H. Carlisle. Mr. SCOTT. Yes. gether at the time he was appointed. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. MYERS. Did I understand the Mr. SCOTT. I think that is a credit There was no objection. gentleman to refer to the Gestapo moves to me and to Mr. Elsbree and a credit Mr. -STEVENSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask of the 0. P. A.? to the office. I am glad the gentleman unanimous consent to extend my remarks Mr. SCOTT. Yes, or the bureaucrats has seen fit to bring it out. in the RECORD and to include a letter that generally. Mr. MYERS. You did not mean to I received from the home management Mr. MYERS. Will the gentleman ad· reflect on Mr. Elsbree when you spoke of supervisor of Richmond County, Wis., in vise me who· is the chief counsel for the the Gestapo methods? my district, which gives a very wonder office of the 0. P. A. in Philadelphia? Mr. SCOTT. Oh, not at all. I am re- ful picture of what the Farm Security Mr. SCOTT. He is a very estimable ferring to the little Gestapos all around Administration is doing in my district. gentleman. Washington. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. MYERS. What is his name? Mr. KELLEY. Will the gentleman There was no objection. Mr. SCOTT. If the gentleman does yield? Mr. MICHENER. Mr. Speaker, I aslt not know, I would be very glad to inform Mr. SCOTT. I yield. unanimous consent that the gentleman him. Mr. KELLEY. I am sure that these from south Dakota (Mr. MUNDT] may Mr. . MYERS. Does the gentleman people, the gentlemen who will accom- extend his own remarks in the RECORD know? Is it a gentleman named Way pany you on this mission, do not care to and include a newspaper article. land Elsbree? be held out as something which they are The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. SCOTT. Yes. not. They do not wish to sail under There was no objection. Mr. MYERS. Would the gentleman false colors. The SPEAKER. Under previous or- inform the House where Mr. Elsbree Mr. SCOTT. I spent 30 minutes der of the House the gentleman from practiced law before he entered into the pointing that out and if the gentleman Connecticut [Mr. MILLER] is recognized 0. P.A.? wants to go to Philadelphia we will be for 10 minutes. Mr. SCOTT. If the gentleman thinks glad to have him. It is an open meeting. it is material. The gentleman went to Mr. KELLEY. Why do you not admit MINORITY SPECIAL STUDY COMMITTEE Swarthmore, and he was a classmate of it is a rump committee .and everybody Mr. l\.flLLER of Connecticut. Mr. Leon Henderson. will be happy? Speaker, due to the lateness of the hour I 4494 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 had intended to yield back the time al The minority food study committee At this point I will insert memorandum lotted to me this afte1·noon, but as long that is going to Philadelphia next Mon No. 1, from which I quoted above: as this :natter of thP- work-and I call it day was in Boston last Monday. If any Ceiling price for country . shipper for worl.c-of the minority committee, ap body thinks it is fun to travel in a sleeper April 1943 of United States No. 1 pointed by the minority party" to study on Sunday night, spend 16 hours in Bos Idaho Russet Burbank potatoes, food problems and the question of ra ton on Monday, return to Washington Idahopacked ______in 100-pound sacks, f. o. b. $2.30 tioning has been brought to the floor of via sleeper on Monday night, to be in (Includes 25 cents for grading, the House, I certainly want to make my the office Tuesday morning, he is wel labor, and bagging) own position clear as a member of that come to make the trip. I am willing to 10 cents hundredweight additional committee. make as many trips as my physica: en for labeling United States No. 1 As has been intimated earlier, the durance will permit, in order that we extra, 135.1.1017 ( ~tl) ------2. 40 creation of study committees by the can get facts-not to embarrass the 0. 10 cents hundredweight additional minority party is not a new undertaking.· P. A.; not to embarrass any Member for(b2) ______2-inch minimum, 1351.1017______2. 50 However, this is the first time I have ever of the House; not with any such thoughts 10 cents hundredweight additional heard any criticism of the work done by in mind-but simply that we can find for risk in transit, 1351.1002 (e)---- 2. 60 any of the study committees appointed an answer to some of these problems. Freight to New York, $1.10 plus 3 per- by our distinguished minority leader . Rationing of food in a country as cent tax ______3.73 [Mr. MARTIN]. It is unfortunate that large as ours is a mighty difficult under Cost to service wholesaler delivered certain members of the Pennsylvania taking. No one wants to see prices soar, New York, $3.73; in reselling he may delegation, sitting on the ·majority side and certainly all of us should do our ut incl~de 21 percent (which includes of the House, do not approve of the ac most to cl:l.eck inflation. There is a delivery within the city; cash and carry, he may add 9'h percent)____ 4. 51 tivities of the minority party. Judging grave' question in my mind as to whether The second wholesaler, who may sell from the fact that, at the present time, or not the 0. P. A. has prevented in to a retailer, may take a mark-up of there are but six Democrats on the floor creases in prices. I wish to take the 21 percent (Nov. 7, 1942, MPR 271, of the House, we can assume that the time of the House just long enough 'to 1351.1003-3, class 3 (5)) ------5. 46 Members of the House in general have cite at least one example of how the The retailer may take a mark-up on no objection to the creation of these 0. P. A. regulations have increased the a sliding scale of, roughly, 33 per study committees. price of potatoes from $5.10 to $7.28 per cent, depending upon the amount of One of the finest reports I have ever hundredweight. lbusiness he qoes (Nov. 7, 1942, MPR read in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD was Memorandum No. l-and I will insert 268, 1351.1116)------7.28 one prepared by a minority committee, this memorandum in the RECORD-indi This is but one of the problems in headed by the distinguished gentleman cates that 0. P. A. set a ceiling price for which we are interested, and this is the from New York [Mr. WADSWORTH] in country shippers of potatoes for April kind of a problem we are trying to solve. 1939 or the early part of 1940. The 1943, for United States No. 1 Idaho Russet I am willing to spend my evenings and Wadsworth committee made certain rec Burbank potatoes, packed in 100-pound all the time I can possibly find in an ommendations as to steps that should be sacks, f. o. b. Idaho, at $2.30. This price effort to help in solving some of these taken by this Government in order that includes 25 cents for grading, labor, and food problems. we might make necessary preparations bagging. The empty bags cost 15 cents. I have in my possession reports from for the war that was just then over the To the $2.30 paid the farmer, 0. P. A. the British and Canadian Governments, horizon. Reference has been made this permits a charge of 10 cents per hun and I shall be glad to make all of the afternoon to the work of the select com dredweight additional for labeling, also information I can get available to my mittee created by the •House, known as an additional10 cents per hundredweight colleagues of the food-study committee the Small Business Committee. Long be for 2-inch minimum plus .:o cents per who in turn will make it available to the fore the House saw f.t to create· a Small hundredweight additional for risk in House. Business Committee, the minority party transit, which takes the price o" these Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the had a special committee studying the potatoes up to $2.60. To that is added gentleman yield? problems of small business here in the the freight to New York, which amounts Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. If the United States, and. the effect that the to $1.10 plus a tax of 3 cents. Cost to gentleman from Texas or anybody else war would have on small business. After · service wholesaler, delivered to New wants to object to what is being done or ... completing its study, the minority com York is $3.73. In reselling, the whole thinks it is not helpful, certainly I yield. mittee reported back to a Republican saler takes a mark-up of 21 percent, Mr. PATMAN. Does the gentleman conference. Every one of these commit- which includes delivery within the city . favor price control and rationing? He . tees created by the minority reports back This 21 percent-which is not 21 per does; does he not? to a party conference so that every mem cent of the $2.30 paid the farmer-but Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Yes; we ber of the minority can have as· much 21 percent of all charges permitted by have to have it on basic commodities. information as po~sible on the various 0. P. A. plus 21 percent of the freight Mr. PATMAN. Does the gentleman subjeHs studied. In that way, when leg charge. This wholesaler then sells the realize that there are 1,800,000 different islation relative to these subjects comes potatoes to a second wholesaler or job commodities, including grades, classes, before the House, the minority members ber, who may sell to a retailer, taking an styles, and fashions? are better informed than they would additional ma:rk-up of 21 percent. The Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Yes; but have been if we did not have a special retailer is permitted to take a mark-up there are not 1,800,000 items of food that committee to dig out the facts. For more on a sliding scale of reughly 33 percent, are so important to the American diet as than 3 years the minority party has had depending on the amount of business he potatoes. We will study the most im a study committee on our monetary sys does, thus bringing the price of the portant and, if we live long enough, we tem. The chairman of that committee is potatoes for which the farmer received may get to all the 1,800,000. , the distinguished gentleman from New $2.30 up to $7.28 delivered to the con Mr. PATMAN. The place to study it York [Mr. REEDJ. That committee is sumer in New York City. is down here in Washington, not· out still functioning. Prior to the establishment of 0. P. A., over the country. Following the appointment of the these same potatoes would have been Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. No; I food study committee, referred to by handled as follows: To the country ship disagree with the gentleman. Washing the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. per, $2.30; freight to New York, $1.10 ton is not the place to study it, for here BRADLEYJ-.the creation of which the plus 3 percent, $3.43; 10 cents for risk we have to take what the 0. P. A. and gentlemStn from Philadelphia does not in transit, $3.53; wholes·aler's delivery other Government agencies give us, and approve-the minority appointed a com and profit charges, 15 cents, $3.68; job we cannot find out how it is working mittee to study some of the post-war ber's profit-without cartage-15 cents, out in the field. This is not an investi problems that we will be called upon $3.83; retailer's mark-up, 33 percent, gating committee; we are not trying to to solve in the not too distant future. $5.10. . investigate anybody or anything, It is 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4495 a study committee, and in order to study gentleman said it cazr..-e from Washing of long duration, the faith of my asso the problem we have got to have the ton. ciates in Congress who passed the bill, facts, and we do not want the facts if Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. No. the faith of the Chief of Staff, General they are put out by the 0. P. A. Those They have branch offices-ob, Lord, how Marshall of the War Department, and can be gotton right here in Washington, many branch offices they have all over the faith of the Secretary of War, as well but we want to find. out how the system the country. as the faith of the President of the United is operating back home. Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Will States, our Commander in Chief, who 1 I have here another bulletin, this one the gentleman yield? . year ago signed the bill creating the put out by the United States Department Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. I yield Women's Auxiliary Corps. of Agriculture, Food Distribution Admin to the gentleman from Minnesota. They have justified our faith. They istration, at Presque Isle, Maine, on April Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Is it are giving a fine performance of their 26, 1943. This deals with Presque Isle, not a fact many of the people who are duties. Colonel Hobby, its able director, Maine, potatoes. I will read just two engaged in these different types of food the officers of W AAC, and the auxiliaries items from this QUlletin, as follows: business come here to Washington to have made a remarkable record. Every Presque Isle, Maine (Aroostook County advise and recommend to the 0. P. A. woman who enlists knows she is releasing points): Table stock all sales to armed forces, officials certain policies that are neces a man for combat duty. She feels it to 100-pound sacks and 50-pound paper sacks, sary to produce food and get it dis be not only a duty but a privilege. hundredweight basis, various varieties, size A, tributed, but those who make the policies The eyes of America have been upon 2-inch minimum, $2.60; United States extra, refuse to listen or to be guided by ex them, and with enemies abroad and at $2.70 (armed forces paying 10 cents above ceil perienced men who are engaged in the ing). Many present shipments seed. Ware home, I know there have been those who house cash to grower bulk, per barrel measure particular line of business? would try to injure the service of the central points, too few sales to establish a Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. That WAAC's, just as they have tried to de market; market nominally around $4. has been my experien'ce. If they do stroy and hurt every effort that has been Weslaco, Tex.: Demand far exceeds supply; listen. they do not pay much attention. made in winning the war. But character market strong at ceiling prices. Carloads, Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. They is made by sacria.""ice that will see a job 50-pound sacks, Bliss Triumphs, Victory . tell these businessmen what they are finished and well done. Character is not grade, washed and unwashed, $1.92%, air con going to do to them rather than listen made by conversation and conver.sation ditioning and ice extra. Sales to armed to constructive suggestions as to how cannot destroy it. forces, $1.97}'2. things should be run? · The WAAC's have the fine heritage of Here is a case of the Federal Govern Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Yes; all ·our brave women from earliest times. ment going out and paying 10 cents t1).at has been my experience. In blazing a ne'ij trail, a new service of above the ceiling price on potatoes in Mr. JENKINS. Will the gentleman their own, they have followed, in spirit, Maine. Then going down into Texas, yield? . in the steps of the women leaders, the Weslaco, Tex., and paying 5 cents above . Mr. MILLER . of Connecticut. I yield wives and daughters, who came over in ceiling price. · to the gentleman from Ohio. the early days of our country-came over How are people going to respect price Mr .. JENKINS. At our meeting in on the Mayft,ower and other ships. They ceilings established by 0. P. A. when Boston we . invited the 0. P. A. officials, have followed in courage the trail of the those bulletins go out all over the coun-· local and State, and we had a lot of pioneer women of the covered-wagon try indicating . that our own Govern- them there. We brought out some days who went west. They have followed . ment is violating the price ceilings and things they did not know about. in the footsteps of the brave women · p'aying 5 and 10 cents more for 50- and Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. The of Lexington and Concord and our Rev 100-pound sacks? . gentleman· from Philadelphia objects to' olutionary days, and the brave women This is but one of the things this com · our even inviting the 0. P. A. officials or of the North· and South and East and mittee is going to bring back to the taking up their time. Is it not just ter West who assisted in every war in every . minority and in turn to the House. If rible that 14 Members of Congress should way that they could all through the his the majority Members are not interested take up the time of an appointed official? tory of our country. in the factsr they may ignore them. Why should anyone object to any Mem Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, will the When we make our decision on the nec ber of the House. or any group of Mem gentlewoman yield? essary appropriation to 0. P. A., it is bers, inquiring into the administration Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I am going to be made on the facts made of any agency we set up? glad to yield to the gentleman from Ne available by these study groups. I am Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I may braska. mighty glad we can get 14 men who say further a meeting which our sub Mr. CURTIS. I think a great dear of will spend the time that is being spent committee held in New York 2 weeks ago credit is due to the gentlewoman for her on this subject simply because of their work in connection with theWAAC's. It today was attended by 0. P. A. officials was my good fortune to talk with a high interest in the subject and a' desire to and by offieials from 0. W. I. We in receive further information. vited them to come in and listen to what ranking Army official with respect to the Mr. EBERHARTER. 'Mr. Speaker, was going on. The meeting was non work of theWAAC's, and he tell.s me that Will the gentleman yield? the work which they are now doing in the · partisan in every respect. War Department has exceeded their ex Mr. .MILLER of Connecticut. I yield Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. I may to the g'entleman from Pennsylvania. pectations; that instead of being able to say I am sure the 0. P. A. administrator replace one man, each W AAC has been Mr. EBERHARTER. The gentleman of Connecticut will be invited if we go has been giving us some information. able to replace a man and a half, because into that State, and I am sure he will of the stenographic and communications He made the remark that he found out accept. more in Boston in a day than he could work involved, and in many of the things The SPEAKER. The time of the gen to which they were assigned, it was found get here. but all the information he has tleman has expired. given us has been information that he that these young ladies were more adapt received from the -Department right SPECIAL ORDER able than the boys. here. ' The SPEAKER. Under previous order Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I Mr. MILLER of Connecticut . . No. We of the House, the gentlewoman from · appreciate the gentleman's contribution received this in Boston. Massachusetts [Mrs. ROGERS] is recog very much, and that is the sort of testi M~. EBERHARTER. It is issued here nized for 10 minutes. mony that I am receiving from the War in ·washington. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. Department, from every officer with Mr. · MILLER of Connecticut. No. Speaker, today is the birthday of the whom I have talked. · This was not issued in Washington. The WAAC's. In 1 short year they have be I visited Bolling Field Wednesday and gentleman is wrong. I read this bulletin come the finest women's corps of its size reviewed the W AAC's and talked wfth ·as being issued in Maine. in the world. They have grown to the the commanding general, and other offi Mr. EBERHARTER. It is a Depart size of 62,500. They were created on cers, and they advised me that the ment of Agriculture circular, and the faith, a burning faith in my own heart WAAC's are doing a splendid job there; 4496 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 14 that they have brought into the corps to count the cost in lives and money. untarily or else· some system of compul the finest enthusiasm, the finest kind of We must go on to victory regardless of sory investment may be considered. It loyalty, and patriotism. Yesterday at the burden of debt or sacrifice the effort is far better, of course, from every point Bolling Field, in talking with the may impose. of view that the people buy these bonds W AAC's, they asked me to convey to the It is true that we have had to give voluntarily and that they absorb them Congress their deep appreciation of the up many luxuries. We will have to give as rapidly as possible. opportunity that it gave them to serve up many more. It is true that we have The threat of inflation contained in their country. had to ration many necessities, and per the torrent of purchasing power now The Secretary of War, Mr. Stimson, haps will find it necessary to ration many flowing into the hands of the people, made a very fine statement about their others. while the goods are being exported for answering the call to duty and their We are having to submit to a tax war purposes, hangs heavy over the land. adaptability and the fact that he would burden which the American people never One way to retire-the best way to re like to have at least 500,000 of them. He ~reamed could come upon us. We are tire-much of this potentially inflation paid them high tribute. They have every going to have a still heavier tax burden ary purchasing power, to await the time right to feel great pride. next year, and perhaps other years. We when it will be a boon rather than a I know that the House is just as grati- · are going to have to bear a tax burden threat to the Nation, is for the money to fled as I am to them for their efforts in so heavy that any further increase would be inve&,ted in War bonds. the work. pass the point -of diminishing returns. There is no question but that a very 'rhis morning I met the very fine In the face of all these sacrifices, pres great proportion of the purchasing power daughter of our distinguished colleague ent and prospective, we must buy bonds, now flowing into the hands of the people from New York, Representative KEARNEY, and more bonds, and more bonds. There - will have to be retired for future use. The who has joined the WAAC's, and her en are two reasons for that. One is that goods and services to be bought at this thusiasm, her interest, and her unswerv it is not possible to raise, by taxation, time with this money simply do not now ing loyalty is typical of the service of all sufficient money to pay that portion of exist. If rising prices reduce the pur the W AAC's. They are anxious to be the war cost which must be borne by those · chasing power of the dollar, the IJ€Ople given more and more duties and to per of this generation. At best a terrible bur will have lost a proportion of their money form more and more service. den of taxation will lie upon our posterity just as surely as though it were taxed This afternoon I was talking to Mr. yet unborn when they in their turn take away from them or as though they had Allen, of the National Red Cross, who is up the burden of paying for a war fought not received it at all. just back from Africa. He said that I before their birth. The practical way, the most sensible could quote him. He said that he had Not only must we buy bonds for the way is for the people to store up for their just seen the WAAC's and that they are purpose of carrying on the activities of future use the money which they now performing the finest kind of service; the war, we must buy them for another do not actually require for their imme that they were happy in their duties over purpose, a purpose just as important to diate needs. This money saved now and there and that he heard nothing but our welfare as is victory in the conflict turned into the channels of trade when good of them. at arms. We cannot afford to win the the war is over and the wheels of peace That is a very fine statement from a war and lose the peace. We dare not time industry once more provide jobs for person from the organization that also allow ourselves to approach the end of those now making implements of war, to has women on overseas duty. the war and the return to peacetime pur gether with those returning to the pur He further told me that the Red Cross suits of the millions of men and women suits of peace, will do more to bring about expected to have, within a year, 11,000 now engaged in war work, and the other a return to normal conditions than 10 women overseas. millions of men and women now in the times the amount would do if spent while We had 22,000 women during the First armed services, without some backlog the war is on. I hope every citizen wlll World War. And, that is where I first and a very great backlog-of reserve accept this opportunity to build for him got my idea that a corps of this sort purchasing power. If we were to do self a degree of future security which he would be extremely valuable. such a foolish thing, we immediately can acquire in no other way. War bonds As these women go on and take. on a would be plunged into an era of unem represent the soundest form of invest more important part in winning the war, ployment and depression which would ment possible to secure. They will be a I believe that the trust, the respect and cause the pre-war depression to shrink good investment when perhaps every admiration, the prayers and grati into insignificance in comparison. With other form of investment may be clouded tude of every American goes with them. the enormous public debt we will have, by uncertainty. I know the Members of the House today we cannot embat:k upon vast W. P. A. It is the part of wisdom for all of us to wish to join with me in saluting ·these programs without further increasing buy more and more bonds. Let us in this W AAC's and of extending to them every the public debt and thus greatly adding way register our faith in the future of - good wish upon their first birthday in to the burdens we already will be bear the greatest and the best country in all their patriotic and splendid work. ing. We would, therefore, face financial this world. If, when we are torn between The SPEAKER. Under previous order chaos and an economic earthquake in the desire to buy War-bonds and the de of the House, the gentleman from Mich this country. That is what is meant by sire to buy things we do not actually need, igan [Mr. WooDRUFF] is recognized for winning the war and losing the peace. let us remember our boys on more than 8 minutes. The only practical btcklog of purchas 70 battlefronts scattered all over the ,. ing power available to all the people and world. They are fighting for us. They WE MUST BUY BONDS, MORE BONDS AND which can be readily built up at this need the equipment our money will buy. MORE BONDS time is through the purchase of War We must not let them down. Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. bonds. Savings of the citizens against LEAVE OF ABSENCE Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to l'e the time when munitions plants must be vise and extend my remarks. turned back to the production of civilian By unanimous consent, leave of ab The SPEAKER. Is there objection? needs should be invested in this way. sence was granted as follows: There was no objection. Many billions of dollars of these bonds To Mr. VINsoN·of Georgia, for 15 days, Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. held-by our citizens generally will consti on account of illness in family. Speaker, there probably< is not a citizen tute a backlog of purchasing power Mr. CALVIN D. JoHNSON, indefinitely, in the United States who does not realize which can spell for us the difference be on account of illness in the family. more or less clearly that the costs of tween economic survival and economic I AM AN AMERICAN the war we are now engaged in are so chaos. Even at best with the greatest Mr. GILLIE. Mr. ·speaker, I ask stupendous as to be beyond human com backlog of Government bond reserve unanimous consent to address the House prehension. The war itself-and prob purchasing power we can create, the for 10 minutes. ably all citizens understand this point readjustment frpm war to peace will be The SPEAKER. Is there objection? clearly-is so desperate that there simply exceedingly difficult and probably very There was no objection. is no quitting point short of the utter, hazardous. There is, therefore, no Mr. GILLIE. :Mr. Speaker, next Sun complete crushing of all the Axis Pow choice in the matter of our buying day, May 16, our people will observe I ers. Unfortunately, we cannot now stop bonds. We shall have to buy them vol- . Am an American Day, therefore I deem t943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4497, it an honor and a fine privilege, as a With democracy came, as was evident, To live in a land where speech is so foreign-born Member of the House to liberty-not license. The individual free a candidate for public office is al speak on this occasion. I was born in stood out as a human personality. Con lowed to talk himself into another Wollands, Berwickshire, Scotland. :fiict of opinion was soon manifest. Out man's job-or into political obscurity. · With my parents I came to America at of this came the Civil War which tore To live in a land where the only per 2 years of age. I know something of the the country to pieces. A great soul, sons who go into secret huddles to cover hardships and limitations of the Old Abraham Lincoln, was chosen by Provi up their mysterious plots are young fel." World. I remember the poverty of my dence to lead. His name is carved on lows in football uniforms. parents. ~ I have heard them speak of "tablets of imperishable memory.'' And so, I thank God I am an American, the bitterness, hatreds, jealousies of Peace, in due time. settled within the All may not be right with America. Europe. borders of this land of hope and promise There is still with us some of the social If some debt collector should attempt which invited down-trodden .humanity 'injustice and pestilence to the removal to collect what I owe to America, he to find a haven of refuge within its of which we dedicated ourselves as a would have on his hands a job that he shores. young nation. But the fundamental hu could never finish. America is not wholly materialistic for man rights which are the essence of My fellow Americans, we should recog she believes In education. M-oney is Americanism are still held sacred by our nize our debt to Columbus for discovering spent in profusion for public schools. people and by our responsible leaders. this new world, to the Pilgrim fathers Beautiful utilitarian high schools are to We have all-and much more than the for the faith and righteousness they be found everywhere. Colleges and uni Pilgrim fathers expected to secure for brought to it, to the founding fathers versities to the number of 532 dot our their posterity in the New World. Afid for our Declaration of Independence and country. Opportunity beckons everyone as we memorialize their first Thanks our Constitution, and for thousands of who wishes to get an education. giving, so devoutly offered because they other benefactions. What shall we say of America, the had escaped the religious bigotry and In the language of the poet: land of the free and the home of the international jealousies of the Old brave-this land which has had, under "God helping me," cried Columbus, World, every one of us can say with even "Though fair or foul the breeze, God, _such wonderful growth and de more meaning and fervor than the I will sail and sail 'til I find velopment? We say "Thank God I am Pilgrims said, 4'Thank God, I'm an That land beyond the western seas!" an American!" American." To me, America means a land in which Then lift up your heads to the horizon And into the vast and void abyss there is no caste, no aristocracy, no He followed the setting sun; and out there, in life you will find new Nor gulfs nor gales could fright his sails, special privilege that sets one human realms to conquer. Greater, more glori 'Til the wondrous quest was done. being above or below any of his fellows. It js a land in which a man's destiny'is ous, more worth while than those which Uplift the starry banner; limited only by his ability. have been conquered in the past. This The best age is begun f is your challenge and mine today and We are the heirs of the mariners It means a land in which education is every day. Whose voyage that mom wa.s done .. free to all the children of all its citizens. All its youth share alike iii the intellec It is for you and me and other patriots Measureless lands- Columbus gave, tual and cultural heritage that 1s their to put our shoulders to the wheel and And rivers through zones that roll; common possession. continue to work unceasingly until we But his rarest, noblest bounty shall have achieved the goals we know Was a new world for the soul! It means a land that recognizes the rights of men-the right to think, to are within reach. Such is democracy. Whatever I may or may not be, I am speak, to w1ite, and to print what one · Such is the privilege of Americans. an American from the ground up-from believes; the right of peaceable assembly; ADJOURNMENT alpha to omega. the right of criticism, protest, and peti Mr. RAMSPECK. Mr. Speaker, . I · Our history is a romance. Our growth tion; the right to subscribe to any creed move that the House do now adjourn. · is an eighth wonder. Our achievements or religion without fear of interference or The motion was agreed to; according border on the miraculous. From the persecution; the right to uncover truth ly (at 5 o'clock and 38 minutes p. m.>. time when the Mayflower furled her . and proclaim it-or the right, if one so under its previous order, the House ad weather-beaten sails to the present hour, chooses, to preach mistaken and false journed until Monday, May 17, 1943, at American history is the envy of all oth~r principles. For the right to preach truth 12 o'clock noon. nations. is in danger whef\ the right to preach The United States is a land of romance error is denied. COMMITTEE HEARINGS a.nd reality. It means a land in which differences Here in the long ago lived the Indian and controversies are arbitrated by pub CO:MMITrEE ON ROADS in the midst of all this wonderful poten lic opinion, in which the course of na The House Committee on Roads will tiality, leaving behind him the remnants tional action is directed by the majority meet at 10:30 a. m., Saturday, May 15, of the stone-age civilization. Here came will. It means a land which is a product 1943, to continue discussion of H. R. 2113, the English settlers to Jamestown in 1607, of the will in the hearts of its citizens to a bill to amend the Federal Aid Highway 104 L.1 all. ·Later on followed the Pil be one people. Act. grims, who landed on the stern and rock America means to me a land whose CoMMITTEE ON PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS bound coast of New England. Inevitable people are united under the ideal of in the movement of affairs, there came democratic living, who seek to achieve There will be a meeting of th~ com the pioneers in the field of religious lib the fullness of the democratic process, mittee at 10 a. m., on Tuesday, May 18, erty. Such men as Roger Williams and whose emerging social order has · as its 1943, for consideration of housing bills. William Penn injected a new spirit of base the simple maxim of a carpenter's COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIAJlY liberalism and of Christian charity. son; "Do unto others as you would have Subcommittee No.3 of the Committee The population grew and ideals flour others do unto you." on the Judiciary will conduct hearings ished. A new spirit of freedom was in It is wonderful to live in a country on H. R. 2139, to provide improvement in fused into the varied groups here, and where you do not have t6 grab the baby the administration of parole, and H. R. respect of la:w was supreme. In due and dive into the cellar every time you 2140, to provide a correctional system for time discontent ·arose; out of this came hear the hum of an airplane motor. adult and youth offenders convicted in the War of Independence, which lasted To live in a land where you can cast - courts of the United States, at 10 a. m., 6 years. A great p~_rsonality _ was your ballot on election day without feel on Tuesday and Wednesday, May 18 and Qrought to the fore. Because of his de ing one backward step will find you im 19, 1943, in room 346, House O:ffi.ce""l3uild votion and ability George Washington paled on the point of a bayonet. ing, Washington, D. C. is classed among the immortals. Under To live in a country where a man can start for ·home at the end of a day's work COMMITTEE ON THE POST OFFICE• AND POST his guidance new visions were born, a ROADS new venture in government undertaken, and know that no bomb has left a Grater democracy as an n.dveriturous experi where his house was standing that morn There will be a meeting of Subcommit ment was launched. ing. tee No. 8 of the Committee on the Post 4498 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 17 Office and Post Roads at 10 a. m., Wed resolution to extend the provisions of the Springs and Grain Valley, Mo., urging enact nesday, May 19, 1943, to consider H. R. Bituminous Coal Act of 1937 for a period of ment of HoUEe bill 2082 as a war measure; 687. Public hearings will be held. 90 days; without amendment (Rept. No. to the Committee on the Judiciary. - · 450). Referred to the COmmittee of the 759. By Mr. LAMBERTSON: Petition of COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION AND Whole House on the state of the Union. Rev. Wright M. Horton, and 21 other citizens NATURALIZATION Mr. SASSCER: Committee on Naval Affairs. of Frankfort, Kans., and community, urging The Committee on Immigration and S. 879. An act to amend the act entitled support of House bill 2082, introduced by,. Hon. "An act authorizing a reduction in the course JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, to re Naturalization will hold hearings at 10 of instruction at the Naval Academy,"- ap duce absenteeism, conserve manpow-er, and a.m. on Wednesday, May 19 and Thurs proved June 3, 1941 (55 Stat. 2~8) without speed production of materials necessary for day, May 20, 1943, on all bills dealing amendment (Rept. No. 451) . Referred to the the winning of the war, by prohibiting the .with the Chinese Exclusion Act, H. R. Committee of the Who1e House on the state manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco 1882, H. R. 2309, H. R. 2428, and H. R. of the Union. holic liquors in the United States for the 2429. Mr. COLE of New York: Committee on duration of the war and until the termina Naval Affairs. H. R. 2629. A bill to provide tion of demobil1zation; to the Committee on COMMITIEE ON THE MERCHANT MARINE AND an allowance for quarters and 10ubsistence for the Judiciary. F'ISHERmS mitlshipmen of the Naval Reserve; with 760. By Mr. FISH: Petition of 64 residents The Committee on the Merchant amendment (Rept. No. 452). Referred to the o! Dutchess County, N.Y., favoring the enact Marine and Fisheries will hold a public Committee of the Whole House on the state ment of House bill2082, a measure to prohibit of the Union. the manufacture, sale, or transportation of hearing on Thursday, May 20, 1943, at Mr. PATTON: Committee on Accounts. alc'oholic liquors in the United States for the 10 a.m. on H. R. 2612, to extend the ef House Resolution 237. Resolution granting duration of the war and until the termina fective date of the act of December 17, a gratuity to the estate of Rose Ann French; tion of demobtlization; to the Committ-ee on 1941, relating to additional safeguards to without amendment (Rept. No. 453) . Re the Judiciary. the radio communications service of ferred to the House Calendar. 761. Also, petition of a committee of 50 ships of the United States. from Orange County, N. Y., favoring the en actment of House bill 2082, a measure to pro PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS hibit the sale of intoxicating liquors for the EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. Under . clause 3 of rule XXII, public duration of the war, and until the termina tion of demobilization; to the Committee on Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive bills and resolutions were introduced and the Judiciary. communications were taken from the severally referred as follows: 762. By Mr. FITZPATRICK: Petition of the Speaker's table and referred as follows: By Mr. WARD: Bronx Council, Am-erican Jewish Congress, 417. A letter from the Secretary of War, H. R. 2715. A bill relating to the classifi New York City, endorsing and urging the t~nsmitting a draft of a proposed bill to cation of substitute post-office clerks and passage of House bill 2328, introduced by the prohibit the allowance of credit in the· com substitute city letter carriers in first- and Honorable WALTER LYNCH; to the Committee putation of lump-sum payments to Air Corps second-class post offices, and substitute on the Post Office and Post Roads. Reserve officers under the provisions of sec laborers in the Postal Service and Railway 763. Also, petition of the Trade Union tion 2 of the act of June 16, 1936, as amend Mail Service, and for other purposes; to the Council of the American Labor Party, urging ed, for active service hereafter 'performed Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. the defeat of the Connally bill (S. 796); to the during the present wars and for 6 months By Mr. COMPTON: Committee on Military Affairs. thereafter; to the Committee on Military H. Res. 238. Resolution creating a special 764. By Mr. SCHIFFLER: Petition of Mr. Affairs. committee to study artd investigate the ac and Mrs. William H. Young and other resi 418. A letter from the Secretary of the In tivities of the Office of Price Administration; dents of the Wheeling area of West Virginia, terior, transmitting a draft of a proposed bill to the Committee on Rules. urging the establishment of a Chiropractic to provide for the classification of the public H. Res. 239. Resolution to provide for ex Corps in the armed forces now; to the Com lands in Alaska; to the Committee on the penses of investigation authorized by House mittee on Military Affairs. Public Lands. Resolution 238; to the Committee on Ac 765. Also, petition of Mrs. Irwin Hamilton counts. and other residents of the Wheeling area of REPORTS OF CO:MMITTEES ON PUBLIC West Virginia, urging the establishment of a Chiropractic Corps in the armed ,forces now; BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS MEMORIALS to the Committee on Military Affairs. Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports ·of Under clause 3 of rule Y~I. memorials 766. By Mr. HEIDINGER: Resolution of the committees were delivered to the Clerk were presented and referred as follows: Eldorado Central Labor Union, of Eldorado, Ill., signed by Robert Braddock, president, and for printing and reference to the proper By the SPEAKER:· Memorial of the Legisla calendar, as follows: William Gallagher, secretary, of said labor ture of the Territory of Hawaii; memorializ union, urgl:ng the continuance of the Na Mr. SHEPPARD: Committee on Appro ing the Preside_nt and the Congress of the tional Youth Administration and that a suf priations. H. R. 2713. A bill making appro United States-to ame~d the Hawa!ian Homes ficient appropriation be made therefor; to the priations for the Navy Department and the Commission Act, 1920, as amended, to permit. Committee on Appropriations. naval service for the fiscal year ending June the Commis~ion to grant certain licenses; to · 767. Also, petition of the Woman's Chris 30, 1944, and for other purposes; without the Committee on the Territories. tian Temperance Union, of Mill Shoals, Ill., amendment (Rept. No. 446). Referred to the signe.d by Vernon Staton and 66 other citi Committee of the Whole House on the state PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS zens of that community, urging the passage of the Union. of House bill 2082; to the Committee on the Mr. CANNON of Missouri: Committee on Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Judiciary. Appropriations. H. R. 2714. A bill making bills and resolutions were introduced and 768. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Clifford appropriations to supply urgent deficiencies severally referred as follows: J. Durr, petitioning consideration with refer in certain appropriations for the fiscal year ence to the Select Committee To Investigate ending June 30, 1943, and for prior fiscal By Mr. CUNNINGHAM: H. R. 2716. A bill to provide for the pay the Federal Communications Commission; to years, and for other purposes"; without the Committee on the Judiciary. amendment (Rept. No. 447). Referred to the ment of $20,000 to Clarence Leaon Rounds, administrator of the estates of Gerald 769. Also, petition of sundry citizens of Committee of the Whole House on the state Minnesota, petitioning consideration of their of the Union. Rounds, deceased; Richard Gray, deceased; Virginia Grafton, deceased; and Geraldine resolution with reference to House bill 2082; Mr. KERR: Committee on Appropriations. to the Committee on the Judiciary. Report · pursuant to House Resolution 105 Titus, deceased; to the Committee on Claims. authorizing the Committee on Appropria By Mr. JONES: tions to examine into and determine the fit H. R. 2717. A bill granting an increase of ness of certain Government personnel to pension to Elizabeth M. Levering; to the Com continue in their employment; without mittee on Invalid Pensions. r. SENATE amendment (Rept. No. 448) . Referred to the By Mr. BARRY: · Committee of the Whole House on the state H. R. 2718 (by request). A bill for the re . M~NDAY, MAY 17, 1943 of the Union. lief of Lillian Woodward; to the Committee Mr. SABATH: Committee on Rules. House on Claims. The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Resolution 236. Resolution providing con Harris, D. ~ D:,' "' offered the following sideratjori of House Joint Resolution 122, . PETITIONS, ETC. prayer: ' · ' joint resolution extending the provisions of the Bituminous Coal Act of 1937 for a pe Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions Gracious God, the Father Almighty, in riod of 90 days; without amendment .(Rept; and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk awe and ·rev-erence we, stand before Thy No. 449). Referred to the House Calendar. and referred as follows: greatness that we cannot measure. Yet Mr. DOUGHTON: Committee on Ways and 758. By Mr. BELL: Petition of Hattie Hal are we grateful that our eyes have seen Means. House Joint Resolution 122. Joint lar, of Blue Spring, Mo., and others from Blue beauty, our hearts have felt love, our