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LỜI CẢM ƠN Sau Thời Gian Nghiên Cứu, Với Tinh Thần Nghiêm Túc, Tích

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LỜI CẢM ƠN Sau Thời Gian Nghiên Cứu, Với Tinh Thần Nghiêm Túc, Tích LỜI CẢM ƠN Sau thời gian nghiên cứu, với tinh thần nghiêm túc, tích cực đến nay khóa luận đã hoàn thành, để có đƣợc kết quả này trƣớc hết tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn Ban lãnh đạo Viện CNSH Lâm nghiệp đã cho phép và tạo điều kiện thuận lợi để tôi thực hiện đề tài:“Nghiên cứu nhân giống in vitro Đàn hương trắng (Santalum album L.)”. Trong quá trình thực hiện đề tài, ngoài sự nỗ lực của bản thân, tôi còn nhận đƣợc sự hƣớng dẫn tận tâm, chỉ bảo và truyền đạt kiến thức của các thầy, cô giáo trong trƣờng Đại học Lâm nghiệp, các cán bộ viện Công nghệ sinh học Lâm nghiệp. Nhân dịp này tôi xin bày tỏ lòng biết ơn sâu sắc tới : Các thầy cô trong Bộ môn Chọn tạo giống - Viện Công nghệ sinh học Lâm nghiệp – Trƣờng Đại học Lâm nghiệp. Giáo viên hƣớng dẫn TS. Khuất Thị Hải Ninh. Cán bộ và thầy cô trong viện Công Nghệ Sinh học Lâm nghiệp. Mặc dù đã cố gắng để hoàn thành đề tài khóa luận song thời gian có hạn, kinh nghiệm bản thân còn hạn chế nên đề tài không thể tránh khỏi những thiếu sót. Chúng tôi rất mong nhận đƣợc những lời nhận xét, đóng góp ý kiến của các Thầy, Cô giáo để đề tài đƣợc hoàn thiện hơn. Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn! Hà Nội, ngày 27 tháng 05 năm 2019 Sinh viên thực hiện Kiều Thị Dung i MỤC LỤC LỜI CẢM ƠN ...................................................................................................................i MỤC LỤC ...................................................................................................................... ii DANH MỤC CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT .............................................................................iv DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG .............................................................................................. v DANH MỤC HÌNH .......................................................................................................vi DANH MỤC BIỂU ĐỒ ............................................................................................... vii ĐẶT VẤN ĐỀ ................................................................................................................. 1 PHẦN 1. TỔNG QUAN VẤN ĐỀ NGHIÊN CỨU ....................................................... 3 1.1. Giới thiệu chung về cây Đàn hƣơng trắng ................................................................ 3 1.1.1. Đặc điểm hình thái ................................................................................................. 3 1.1.2. Đặc điểm sinh thái ................................................................................................. 5 1.1.3. Đặc điểm phân bố .................................................................................................. 6 1.1.4. Giá trị kinh tế ......................................................................................................... 7 1.1.5. Thực trạng Đàn hƣơng trắng ............................................................................... 10 1.2. Một số nghiên cứu về Đàn hƣơng trắng ................................................................. 11 1.3. Một số kết quả về nhân giống in vitro Đàn hƣơng trắng ........................................ 12 PHẦN 2. MỤC TIÊU, NỘI DUNG, vẬt liỆu và .......................................................... 15 PHƢƠNG PHÁP NGHIÊN CỨU ................................................................................. 15 2.1. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu ............................................................................................... 15 2.2. Nội dung nghiên cứu .............................................................................................. 15 2.3. Đối tƣợng, vật liệu và địa điểm nghiên cứu ........................................................... 15 2.4. Phƣơng pháp nghiên cứu ........................................................................................ 15 2.4.1. Phƣơng pháp luận ................................................................................................ 15 2.4.2. Phƣơng pháp bố trí thí nghiệm và thu thập số liệu .............................................. 16 2.4.3. Phƣơng pháp xử lý số liệu ................................................................................... 20 PHẦN 3. KẾT QUẢ NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ THẢO LUẬN ............................................. 23 3.1. Nghiên cứu ảnh hƣởng của thời gian khử trùng mẫu bằng HgCl2 0,1% đến khả năng tạo mẫu sạch .......................................................................................................... 23 ....................................................................................................................................... 24 3.2. Nghiên cứu ảnh hƣởng của chất điều hoà sinh trƣởng và hàm lƣợng các loại đƣờng đến khả năng nhân nhanh chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng ............................................... 26 ii 3.2.1. Nghiên cứu ảnh hƣởng của chất điều hoà sinh trƣởng đến khả năng nhân nhanh chồi ................................................................................................................................ 26 3.2.2. Nghiên cứu ảnh hƣởng hàm lƣợng các loại đƣờng đến khả năng nhân nhanh chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng. ........................................................................................................... 29 3.3. Ảnh hƣởng của chất điều hoà sinh trƣởng đến khả năng ra rễ của chồi in vitro .... 32 PHẦN 4. KẾT LUẬN, TỒN TẠI VÀ KHUYẾN NGHỊ ............................................. 36 4.1. Kết luận................................................................................................................... 36 4.2. Tồn tại ..................................................................................................................... 36 5.3. Khuyến nghị ........................................................................................................... 36 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO PHỤ BIỂU iii DANH MỤC CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT STT Ký hiệu Giải thích 1 BAP 6 - Benzyl amino purin 2 CTTN Công thức thí nghiệm 3 ĐHST Điều hòa sinh trƣởng 4 MS Murashigee Skoog, 1962 5 NAA A-Naphthalene acetic acid 6 IBA Indole-3-butyric acid 7 K Kinetine 8 GA3 Gibberellic axit 9 Sig Mức ý nghĩa ( Significant) 10 TB Trung bình 11 G Glucose 12 S Sucrose 13 CoM Nƣớc cốt dừa 14 TDZ Thidiazuron 15 IPA Iso propyl alcohol 16 2,4D Axit 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic iv DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG Bảng 1.1. So sánh giá trị kinh tế giữa Đàn hƣơng trắng và Đàn hƣơng đỏ..................... 9 Bảng 2.1. Bố trí thí nghiệm về ảnh hƣởng thời gian khử trùng mẫu bằng HgCl2 0,1% đến khả năng tạo mẫu sạch ............................................................................................ 17 Bảng 2.2. Bố trí thí nghiệm ảnh hƣởng của chất điều hòa sinh trƣởng đến khả năng nhân nhanh chồi ............................................................................................................. 18 Bảng 2.3. Bố trí thí nghiệm về sự ảnh hƣởng của hàm lƣợng các loại đƣờng đến khả năng nhân nhanh chồi .................................................................................................... 19 Bảng 2.4. Bố trí thí nghiệm về sự ảnh hƣởng của IBA, NAA đến khả năng ................ 20 ra rễ ................................................................................................................................ 20 Bảng 3.1. Tỷ lệ mẫu sạch nảy chồi khi khử trùng chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng bằng HgCl2 0,1% ............................................................................................................................... 24 Bảng 3.2. Kết quả nhân nhanh chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng trên môi trƣờng MS có bổ sung BAP, K và NAA ............................................................................................................ 26 Bảng 3.3. Ảnh hƣởng của hàm lƣợng các loại đƣờng đến khả năng nhân nhanh chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng .............................................................................................................. 30 Bảng 3.4. Ảnh hƣởng của IBA, NAA đến khả năng ra rễ của chồi in vitro Đàn hƣơng trắng ............................................................................................................................... 33 v DANH MỤC HÌNH Hình 1.1. Cây Đàn hƣơng trắng ...................................................................................... 3 Hình 1.2. Hình thái hoa và quả Đàn hƣơng trắng............................................................ 4 Hình 1.3. Một số sản phẩm làm từ cây Đàn hƣơng trắng .............................................. 10 Hình 3.1. Kết quả tạo mẫu sạch Đàn hƣơng trắng sau 4 tuần nuôi cấy........................ 25 Hình 3.2. Chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng môi trƣờng ................................................................ 29 MS + 0,2 mg/l BAP + 0,3 mg/l K + 0,15 mg/l NAA (sau 6 tuần nuôi cấy) ................... 29 Hình 3.3. Cụm chồi Đàn hƣơng trắng trên môi trƣờng bổ sung ................................... 32 MS + 0,2 mg/l BAP + 0,3 mg/l K + 0,15 mg/l NAA + 30 g/l Glucose .......................... 32 (sau 6 tuần nuôi cấy) ...................................................................................................... 32 Hình 3.4. Rễ Đàn hƣơng trắng sau 8 tuần cấy chuyển sang môi trƣờng rễ MS + 0,25 mg/l NAA + 0,5 mg/l IBA sử dụng 30 g/l Glucose ...................................................... 35 Hình 3.5. Rễ Đàn hƣơng trắng sau 8 tuần cấy chuyển sang môi trƣờng rễ MS + 0,5 mg/l IBA sử dụng 30 g/l Glucose .................................................................................. 35 vi DANH MỤC BIỂU ĐỒ Biểu đồ 3.1. Tỷ lệ (%) mẫu sạch nảy chồi khi khử trùng mẫu bằng HgCl2 0,1% với thời gian khác nhau. .............................................................................................................
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