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Three New Species of B Otryotinia on Ranunculaceae1
THREE NEW SPECIES OF B OTRYOTINIA ON RANUNCULACEAE1 G. L. HENNEBERT2 Institut agronomique, Universite de Louvain, Hervelee, Belgium AND J. W. GROVES3 Research Branch, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada Received October 10, 1962 Abstract Three new species of Botryotinia on Caltha palustris L., Ranunculus septen- trionalis Poir., and Ficaria verna Huds. (Ranunculaceae) are described as B. calthae Hennebert and Elliott, B. ranunculi Hennebert and Groves, and B. ficariarum Hennebert. Each of the three species has a Botrytis state of the 73. cinerea complex, and they thus constitute additions to the species already segregated from that complex, i.e. Botryotinia fuckeliana, 73. convoluta, B. draytoni, and B. pelargonii. The Botrytis state of B. ficariarum can be distinguished morp hologically. While B. ranunculi is a North American species and B. ficariarum an European one, B. calthae is reported from both continents. Introduction Botryotinia, a genus of the Sclerotiniaceae, was erected by Whetzel (1945) for four species formerly assigned to Sclerotinia Fuckel, but which differ from the true Sclerotinia species mainly in their erumpent, planoconvexoid sclerotia which are firmly attached to the substrate, and in the possession of a conidial state belonging to the form-genus Botrytis Pers. The type species is Botryotinia convoluta (Drayton) Whetzel in which the conidial state is a Botrytis of the cinerea type or B. cinerea sensu lato, and the other species included were Botryotinia fuckeliana (De Bary) Whetzel, of which the conidial state is Botrytis cinerea Pers. or B. cinerea sensu stricto, and Botryotinia ricini (Godfrey) Whetz. and B. porri (v. Beyma) Whetz. In the latter two species the conidial states would not be considered Botrytis species of the cinerea type. -
Isolation and Characterization of Botrytis Antigen from Allium Cepa L. and Its Role in Rapid Diagnosis of Neck Rot
International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) |Volume VIII, Issue V, May 2021|ISSN 2321-2705 Isolation and characterization of Botrytis antigen from Allium cepa L. and its role in rapid diagnosis of neck rot Prabin Kumar Sahoo1, Amrita Masanta2, K. Gopinath Achary3, Shikha Singh4* 1,2,4 Rama Devi Women’s University, Vidya Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India 3Imgenex India Pvt. Ltd, E-5 Infocity, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Corresponding author* Abstract: Early and accurate diagnosis of neckrot in onions and B. aclada are the predominant species reported to cause permits early treatment which can enhance yield and its storage. neck rot of onion, these species are difficult to distinguish In the present study, polyclonal antibody (pAb) raised against morphologically because of similar growth patterns on agar the protein extract from Botrytis allii was established for the media, and overlapping spore sizes [4]. detection of neck rot using serological assays. The pathogenic proteins were recognized by ELISA with high sensitivity (50 ng). Recent studies of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer Correlation coefficient between infected onions from different (ITS) region of the genome of Botrytis spp. associated with stages and from different agroclimatic zones with antibody titres neck rot of onion have confirmed the existence of three was taken as the primary endpoint for standardization of the distinct groups [5]. These include a smaller-spored group with protocol. Highest positive correlation (r ¼ 0.999) was observed in 16 mitotic chromosomes, (B. aclada AI), a larger-spored stage I and II infected samples of North-western zone, whereas low negative correlation (r ¼ _0.184) was found in stage III group with 16 mitotic chromosomes (B. -
GRAS Notice for Pichia Kudriavzevii ASCUSDY21 for Use As a Direct Fed Microbial in Dairy Cattle
GRAS Notice for Pichia kudriavzevii ASCUSDY21 for Use as a Direct Fed Microbial in Dairy Cattle Prepared for: Division of Animal Feeds, (HFV-220) Center for Veterinary Medicine 7519 Standish Place Rockville, Maryland 20855 Submitted by: ASCUS Biosciences, Inc. 6450 Lusk Blvd Suite 209 San Diego, California 92121 GRAS Notice for Pichia kudriavzevii ASCUSDY21 for Use as a Direct Fed Microbial in Dairy Cattle TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 – SIGNED STATEMENTS AND CERTIFICATION ................................................................................... 9 1.1 Name and Address of Organization .............................................................................................. 9 1.2 Name of the Notified Substance ................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Intended Conditions of Use .......................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Statutory Basis for the Conclusion of GRAS Status ....................................................................... 9 1.5 Premarket Exception Status .......................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Availability of Information .......................................................................................................... 10 1.7 Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552 .................................................................................. 10 1.8 Certification ................................................................................................................................ -
(Discomycetes) Collected in the Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde Jahr/Year: 1994 Band/Volume: 3 Autor(en)/Author(s): Palmer James Terence, Tortic Milica, Matocec Neven Artikel/Article: Sclerotiniaceae (Discomycetes) collected in the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. 41-70 Ost. Zeitschr. f. Pilzk. 3©Österreichische (1994) . Mykologische Gesellschaft, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 41 Sclerotiniaceae (Discomycetes) collected in the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia JAMES TERENCE PALMER MILICA TORTIC 25, Beech Road, Sutton Weaver Livadiceva 16 via Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 3ER, England 41000 Zagreb, Croatia NEVEN MATOCEC Institut "Ruöer BoSkovic" - C1M GBI 41000 Zagreb, Croatia Received April 8, 1994 I Key words: Ascomycotina, Sclerotiniaceae: Cihoria, Ciborinia, Dumontinia, Lambertella, Lanzia, Monilinia, Pycnopeziza, Rutstroemia. - Mycofloristics. - Former republics of Yugoslavia: Bosnia- Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia and Slovenia. Abstract: Collections by the first two authors during 1964-1968 and in 1993, and the third author in 1988-1993, augmented by several received from other workers, produced 27 species of Sclerotiniaceae, mostly common but including some rarely collected or reported: Ciboria gemmincola, Ciborinia bresadolae, Lambertella corni-maris, Lanzia elatina, Monilinia johnsonii and Pycnopeziza sejournei. Zusammenfassung: Aufsammlungen der beiden Erstautoren in den Jahren 1964-1968 -
Taxonomic Study of Lambertella (Rutstroemiaceae, Helotiales) and Allied Substratal Stroma Forming Fungi from Japan
Taxonomic Study of Lambertella (Rutstroemiaceae, Helotiales) and Allied Substratal Stroma Forming Fungi from Japan 著者 趙 彦傑 内容記述 この博士論文は全文公表に適さないやむを得ない事 由があり要約のみを公表していましたが、解消した ため、2017年8月23日に全文を公表しました。 year 2014 その他のタイトル 日本産Lambertella属および基質性子座を形成する 類縁属の分類学的研究 学位授与大学 筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba) 学位授与年度 2013 報告番号 12102甲第6938号 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2241/00123740 Taxonomic Study of Lambertella (Rutstroemiaceae, Helotiales) and Allied Substratal Stroma Forming Fungi from Japan A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Tsukuba in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Agricultural Science (Doctoral Program in Biosphere Resource Science and Technology) Yan-Jie ZHAO Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1–1 The genus Lambertella in Rutstroemiaceae .................................................................... 1 1–2 Taxonomic problems of Lambertella .............................................................................. 5 1–3 Allied genera of Lambertella ........................................................................................... 7 1–4 Objectives of the present research ................................................................................. 12 Chapter 2 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................ 17 2–1 Collection and isolation -
The Botrytis Cinerea Endopolygalacturonase Gene Family Promotor: Dr
The Botrytis cinerea endopolygalacturonase gene family Promotor: Dr. Ir. P.J.G.M. de Wit Hoogleraar Fytopathologie Copromotor: Dr. J.A.L. van Kan Universitair docent, Laboratorium voor Fytopathologie ii Arjen ten Have The Botrytis cinerea endopolygalacturonase gene family Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, Dr. C.M. Karssen, in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 22 mei 2000 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula. iii The research described in this thesis was performed within the Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences (Theme 2: Interactions between Plants and Biotic Agents) at the Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen The Netherlands. The research was financially supported by The Dutch Technology Foundation (Stichting Technische Wetenschappen, Utrecht The Netherlands, http:\\www.stw.nl\) grant WBI.33.3046. The Botrytis cinerea endopolygalacturonase gene family / Arjen ten Have. -[S.l.:s.n.] Thesis Wageningen University. -With ref. - With summary in Dutch. ISBN: 90-5808-227-X Subject Headings: polygalacturonase, pectin, Botrytis cinerea, gray mould, tomato iv You want to live a life time each and every day You've struggled before, I swear to do it again You’ve told it before, until I’m weakened and sore Seek hallowed land (Hallowed land, Paradise Lost-draconian times) v Abbreviations AOS active oxygen species Bcpg Botrytis cinerea endopolygalacturonase (gene) BcPG Botrytis cinerea endopolygalacturonase (protein) bp basepairs CWDE cell wall degrading enzyme DP degree of polymerisation endoPeL endopectate lyase endoPG endopolygalacturonase EST expressed sequence tag exoPeL exopectate lyase exoPG exopolygalacturonase GA D-galacturonic acid HPI hours post inoculation kbp kilobasepairs LRR leucine-rich repeat nt nucleotides OGA oligogalacturonic acid PeL pectate lyase PG polygalacturonase PGA polygalacturonic acid PGIP polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein PME pectin methylesterase PnL pectin lyase PR pathogenesis-related vi Table of Contents Chapter 1. -
Gray Mold); a Major Disease in Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) – a Review
Yeboah et al. Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. (2019) 7(4), 8-22 ISSN: 2582 – 2845 Available online at www.ijpab.com DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7639 ISSN: 2582 – 2845 Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. (2019) 7(4), 8-22 Review Article Botryotinia ricini (Gray Mold); A Major Disease in Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) – A Review Akwasi Yeboah1, Jiannong Lu1, Kwadwo Gyapong Agyenim-Boateng1, Yuzhen Shi1, Hanna Amoanimaa-Dede1, Kwame Obeng Dankwa2 and Xuegui Yin 1,* 1Department of Crop Breeding and Genetics, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China 2Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Crops Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected] Received: 12.07.2019 | Revised: 18.08.2019 | Accepted: 24.08.2019 ABSTRACT Castor is an economically important oilseed crop with 3-5% increase in demand per annum. The castor oil has over 700 industrial uses, and its oil is sometimes considered as an alternative for biodiesel production in several countries. However, its worldwide demand is hardly met due to hampered production caused by biotic stress. One of the most critical biotic factors affecting castor production is the fungal disease, Botryotinia ricini. The study of the B. ricini disease is very essential as it affects the economic part of plant, the seed, from which castor oil is extracted. Despite the devastating harm caused by B. ricini in castor production, there is limited research and literature. Meanwhile, the disease continues to spread and destroy castor crops. The disease severity is enhanced by an increase in relative humidity, temperature (around 25ºC), and high rainfall. -
14Th International Botrytis Symposium Abstract Book
14TH INTERNATIONAL BOTRYTIS SYMPOSIUM ABSTRACT BOOK 21-26 OCTOBER 2007 – CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA Packaging and reproduction by AFRICAN SUN MeDIA Pty (Ltd.) for Botrytis2007. www.africansunmedia.co.za TABLE OF CONTENT Welcome to the 14th International Botrytis Symposium ............................................................... i Organisation ................................................................................................................................ ii Abstracts ..................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Opening Session: Botrytis, Industry and the Food Chain ................................................ 5 01.1 Botrytis, industry and the food chain ............................................................................... 6 Peter H. Schreier 01.2 Global economic importance of Botrytis protection ......................................................... 7 Dominique Steiger 2. Botrytis Identification and Detection ............................................................................. 8 02.1 Detection and quantification of Botrytis species- an overview of modern technologies .. 9 Frances M. Dewey (Molly) 02.2 Understanding and using Botrytis Cinerea natural variation ............................................. 10 Daniel Kliebenstein, Heather Rowe, Erica Bakker and Katherine J. Denby 02.3 Molecular identification of Botrytis species isolated from Central China ......................... 11 J. Zhang, L. Zhang, -
The Destructive Fungal Pathogen Botrytis Cinerea—Insights from Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis
pathogens Review The Destructive Fungal Pathogen Botrytis cinerea—Insights from Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis 1, 1,2, 1,2 1,2, Nicholas Cheung y , Lei Tian y, Xueru Liu and Xin Li * 1 Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; [email protected] (N.C.); [email protected] (L.T.); [email protected] (X.L.) 2 Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] These authors contributed equally to the review. y Received: 8 October 2020; Accepted: 4 November 2020; Published: 7 November 2020 Abstract: Botrytis cinerea is one of the most destructive fungal pathogens affecting numerous plant hosts, including many important crop species. As a molecularly under-studied organism, its genome was only sequenced at the beginning of this century and it was recently updated with improved gene annotation and completeness. In this review, we summarize key molecular studies on B. cinerea developmental and pathogenesis processes, specifically on genes studied comprehensively with mutant analysis. Analyses of these studies have unveiled key genes in the biological processes of this pathogen, including hyphal growth, sclerotial formation, conidiation, pathogenicity and melanization. In addition, our synthesis has uncovered gaps in the present knowledge regarding development and virulence mechanisms. We hope this review will serve to enhance the knowledge of the biological mechanisms behind this notorious fungal pathogen. Keywords: airborne fungal pathogen; Botrytis cinerea; fungal pathogenesis; sclerotial development; fungal growth; conidiation; melanization 1. Introduction Ascomycete Botrytis cinerea is a fungal pathogen responsible for gray (or grey) mold diseases. -
AR TICLE Gelatinomyces Siamensis Gen. Sp. Nov
IMA FUNGUS · VOLUME 4 · NO 1: 71–87 doi:10.5598/imafungus.2013.04.01.08 Gelatinomyces siamensis gen. sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes, ARTICLE incertae sedis) on bamboo in Thailand Niwat Sanoamuang1,2, Wuttiwat Jitjak2, Sureelak Rodtong3, and Anthony J.S. Whalley4 1Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Plant Sciences and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand 3School of Microbiology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand 4The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Institute Bldg. 3, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Abstract: Gelatinomyces siamensis gen. sp. nov., incertae sedis within Leotiomycetes, the Siamese jelly-ball, is Key words: described. The fungus was collected from bamboo culms and branches in Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun, Bambusa Thailand. It presents as a ping-pong ball-sized and golf ball-like gelatinous ascostroma. The asci have numerous Bambusicolous fungi ascospores, are thick-walled, and arise on discoid apothecia which are aggregated and clustered to form the Collophora spherical gelatinous structures. An hyphomycete asexual morph is morphologically somewhat phialophora- Gelatinous ascostroma like, and produces red pigments. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis based on rRNA, SSU, and LSU gene Kao-niew ling sequences, the lineage is closest to Collophora rubra. However, ITS sequences place the fungus on a well- Siamese jelly-ball separated branch from that fungus, and the morphological and ecological differences exclude it from Collophora. Molecular phylogeny Polyspored asci Red pigments Article info: Submitted: 25 June 2012; Accepted: 8 April 2013; Published: 14 May 2013. -
Neck Rot of Onion
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory - Invasive Fungi Fact Sheets Neck rot of onion - Ciborinia allii Neck rot of onion occurs on the vegetative organs of onions including the bulbs and are known especially at the vegetative stage and as a post-harvest disease. Confusion exists about the causal organism thus it is unclear how widespread is this pathogen in the United States and Europe. Based on recent understanding of the Botrytis-like species on Allium, Ciborina allii is known primarily from Asia. The anamorph Botrytis allii has since been shown to be a natural hybrid resulting from a cross of B. byssoidea with B. aclada (Nielsen et al., 2002; Staats et al., 2005) but it is unclear if this is the asexual state of C. allii. Ciborinia allii L.M. Kohn 1979 Apothecia arising from sclerotia, disc-shaped, stipitate, pale brown, nearly glabrous. Paraphyses filiform, hyaline, septate, with 2-3 branches. Asci cylindrical asci, 184–212 x 12–18 µm (136–190 x 10–16 µm fide Yamamoto et al., 1956), with eight ascospores. Ascospores hyaline, ellipsoid, 17–21 x 7–11 µm (15–23 x 8–12 µm fide Yamamoto et al., 1956). Sclerotia blackish-brown to black, subepidermal, densely pitted on upper surface, 1–7 x 0.5–2 mm, 0.3–0.7 mm thick, outer layer pseudoparenchymatous, interior hyaline. Microconidia globose, 3–4 µm diam. Cottony white mycelium, sclerotia and sparse conidia develop in culture. Major hosts: Allium cepa L. (onion), Allium fistulosum L. (Japanese onion), Allium porrum L. -
High-Level Classification of the Fungi and a Tool for Evolutionary Ecological Analyses
Fungal Diversity (2018) 90:135–159 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0401-0 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses 1,2,3 4 1,2 3,5 Leho Tedersoo • Santiago Sa´nchez-Ramı´rez • Urmas Ko˜ ljalg • Mohammad Bahram • 6 6,7 8 5 1 Markus Do¨ ring • Dmitry Schigel • Tom May • Martin Ryberg • Kessy Abarenkov Received: 22 February 2018 / Accepted: 1 May 2018 / Published online: 16 May 2018 Ó The Author(s) 2018 Abstract High-throughput sequencing studies generate vast amounts of taxonomic data. Evolutionary ecological hypotheses of the recovered taxa and Species Hypotheses are difficult to test due to problems with alignments and the lack of a phylogenetic backbone. We propose an updated phylum- and class-level fungal classification accounting for monophyly and divergence time so that the main taxonomic ranks are more informative. Based on phylogenies and divergence time estimates, we adopt phylum rank to Aphelidiomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Glomeromycota, Entomoph- thoromycota, Entorrhizomycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota and Olpidiomycota. We accept nine subkingdoms to accommodate these 18 phyla. We consider the kingdom Nucleariae (phyla Nuclearida and Fonticulida) as a sister group to the Fungi. We also introduce a perl script and a newick-formatted classification backbone for assigning Species Hypotheses into a hierarchical taxonomic framework, using this or any other classification system. We provide an example