Ukrainian Poetic Cinema and the Experiential

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ukrainian Poetic Cinema and the Experiential View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UCL Discovery ECHOES OF THE PAST: UKRAINIAN POETIC CINEMA AND THE EXPERIENTIAL ETHNOGRAPHIC MODE by J.J. Gurga A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University College London (UCL) September 2012 DECLARATION I, JJ Gurga, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 ABSTRACT This thesis introduces the concept of the Experiential Ethnographic Mode to describe fiction film in which a particular approach is adopted during the filmmaking process, one which involves time spent on location and close collaboration with local residents. This filmmaking process forms an integral part of the filmic product, which seeks to evoke within the viewer a sense of the filmmakers’ experience of being there . The Experiential Ethnographic Mode is elaborated according to its three basic components – time, space and sound – which are fundamental to the experience of being there and, of course, to the cinematic medium. In order to explain the concept of the mode, this thesis takes as its illustrative example the school of Ukrainian poetic cinema. The Experiential Ethnographic Mode is offered as a defining characteristic of this school, and its identification enables a new interpretation of the films. These films, produced principally in the 1960s at the Dovzhenko Studio in Kyiv, are characterized by a blend of fiction and non-fiction; the use of local, non-professional actors and experimental soundtracks; and a concern with the issue of cultural heritage. The works can be connected to the traumatic events of the country’s recent past, events which transformed the relationship between the people and the land. Rather than seeing the films as oriented on the past and a lost way of life, however, this thesis shows how they are anchored in the present and assert the continuity of traditions. Employing Marianne Hirsch’s notion of ‘postmemory’ to describe the relationship of the second generation to the trauma of the first, it is argued that the films, through their use of the Experiential Ethnographic Mode, can be seen to engage in ‘postmemorial work’ and attempt to rebuild intergenerational connections. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people without whom this thesis would not have been possible. I would like to thank my supervisors at UCL, Dr Philip Cavendish and Prof. Julian Graffy, for their support, advice and encouragement throughout the research, writing, and editing process. In addition, a number of colleagues, academics, and conference and seminar participants have provided insightful comments, feedback and assistance in the process of completing this thesis, for which I am grateful. In particular, I would like to thank Marta Jenkala at UCL for her endless support, enthusiasm for the project, and advice with translations. My studies would not have been possible without the financial assistance of the Arts and Humanities Research Council, not only through their initial funding of this PhD but through the awarding of a travel grant to cover the costs of field trips to Russia and Ukraine in 2010. The UCL SSEES Excellence Scholarship also provided much needed funds in my final year. In Russia, I would like to thank the staff at Gosfil ′mofond; the Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv kinofotodokumentov; and the Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv literatury i iskusstva. In Ukraine, my thanks go to the staff at the Tsentral ′nyi derzhavnyi arkhiv-muzei literatury i mystetstva Ukrainy; the Natsional ′nyi tsentr Oleksandra Dovzhenka; and the Dovzhenko Film Studio, in particular Raisa Prokopenko at the Dovzhenko museum. A number of other individuals have assisted me during the research for this thesis; these include Alison Kahn, Larysa 4 Briukhovets ′ka, Roman Balaian, Evgenii Margolit, Ivan Zelenchuk, Oleh Biliak, and Roman K. On a personal note, I would like to thank my family and friends for their generosity and patience throughout this process. My parents, Judith and Mark, have been unwavering in their support, without which this thesis would not have been completed. Special mention must go to Chris, who has not only provided guidance, support and inspiration, but who has travelled with me on this journey – most memorably through the Carpathians in a Škoda. It was there that we met the people of Hutsul ′shchyna, who breathed life into this project and to whom this thesis is dedicated. 5 NOTE ON TRANSLATION AND TRANSLITERATION In this thesis I have used the Library of Congress system of transliteration (without ligatures) to render the quotations from Russian and Ukrainian into Latin script. Where Russian or Ukrainian words appear in English language quotations or sources, I have kept the transliteration system used by the authors. At the time of writing, the state language in Ukraine is Ukrainian and so place names in Ukraine have been transliterated in Ukrainian (e.g. L ′viv not Lviv or Lvov, Kyiv not Kiev, and Odesa not Odessa). Similarly, the names of individuals from Ukraine have been transliterated from the Ukrainian language. Clearly there are limitations to this approach and it is not always possible to ascertain an individual’s country of origin. Nonetheless, the intention is to provide some degree of consistency rather than to ascribe a national identity or linguistic preference to any individual. One obvious exception to this approach is the decision to follow common practice in referring to Sarkis Paradjanian as Sergei Paradzhanov, using the Russianized version of his name. The titles of films made at the Ukrainian studios have been transliterated in Ukrainian. For consistency, this applies even in those cases where it has only been possible to locate the Russian- language version of the film. Where provided, all translations are my own unless otherwise stated. 6 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Derzhkino Derzhavnyi komitet URSR po kinematohrafii (State Committee of Cinematography of the Ukrainian SSR) Goskino Gosudarstvennyi komitet SSSR po kinematografii (State Committee of Cinematography of the USSR) RGALI Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv literatury i iskusstva (Russian State Archive of Literature and the Arts) SK Soiuz kinematografistov SSSR (Union of Cinematographers of the USSR) SRK Stsenarno-redaktsiina kolehiia, Derzhkino (Screenplay-Editorial Board, Derzhkino) SPKU Spilka pratsivnykiv kinematohrafii URSR (Union of Workers in Cinematography of the Ukrainian SSR) TsDAMLMU Tsentral ′nyi derzhavnyi arkhiv-muzei literatury i mystetstva Ukrainy (Central State Archive-Museum of Literature and the Arts of Ukraine) TsKKPU Tsentral ′nyi komitet Komunistychnoi partii Ukrainy (Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine) VGIK Vsesoiuznyi gosudarstvennyi institut kinematografii (All-Union State Institute of Cinematography) 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .......................................................................................................... 2 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................... 4 NOTE ON TRANSLATION AND TRANSLITERATION ......................................... 6 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 10 Part One: Ukrainian Poetic Cinema: Framing the Subject.......................................... 16 Part Two: Film, Ethnography and the Experiential Ethnographic Mode.................... 34 Structure of the Thesis ................................................................................................ 57 CHAPTER ONE – Fiction, Film and Ethnography: The Making of Tini zabutykh predkiv ......................................................................................................................... 62 Ukrainian Culture in the 1950s and 1960s and the Dovzhenko Film Studio .............. 63 Shades of Shadows in Paradzhanov’s Early Work ..................................................... 79 Making Shadows ......................................................................................................... 88 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 124 CHAPTER TWO – Time and the Experiential Ethnographic Mode ........................ 126 Temporal Multiplicity ............................................................................................... 129 Temporality of the Recording ................................................................................... 140 Performing One’s Past .............................................................................................. 152 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 160 CHAPTER THREE – Space and the Experiential Ethnographic Mode ................... 164 Mapping Space: Establishing a Geographical Locale ............................................... 166 8 Constructing Space: Inside, Outside and In-between Spaces ................................... 171 Shaping Space: Camera Angle, Focus and Depth of Field in Outside Spaces ......... 177 Colouring Space: Engaging the Viewer
Recommended publications
  • Measuring Language Attitudes. the Case of Trasianka in Belarus
    Measuring language attitudes. The case of Trasianka in Belarus Natallia Sender (Frankfurt/Oder) Abstract In contemporary Belarus there are currently two languages being predominantly used: Russian and Belarusian. Besides dialects and other varieties there is to be found a variety called Trasianka, which is widespread throughout the country. Trasianka can be considered as a variety built of elements from other varieties in Belarus, but mainly from Russian and Belarusian. Originally the term Trasianka stems from agriculture describing a 'mixed fodder of poor quality'. Language attitudes towards this variety have hardly been examined thus far. In a recent study based on the matched-guise technique, 227 Belarusian adolescents listened to and evaluated a female speaker reading the same text in Russian, Belarusian and Trasianka. When the speaker used Trasianka, she was given low ratings by test participants in matters of socio-structural issues such as profession and education. Regarding competence, the test participants assumed that the Trasianka speaker was less qualified, as shown by answers to a question on competencies in foreign languages. Finally, the test participants were more reluctant to accept the Trasianka speaker as a neighbor. With this responsiveness, they performed a bigger social distance. By these findings, there is ample reason to conclude that there are negative attitudes existing amongst today's population in Belarus regarding speakers of Trasianka. 1 Introduction When looking at the contemporary use of East Slavic varieties in Belarus the Russian language seems to be dominant in society at first blush. Russian can be found in state media, in the political area and in the economy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ukrainian Weekly 1981
    ;?C свОБОДАJLSVOBODA І І і о "в УКРДШСШИИ щоліннмк ^Щ^У UKKAINIAHOAIIV PUBLISHEDrainia BY THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATIOnN INC . A FRATERNAWeekL NON-PROFIT ASSOCIATION l ї Ш Ute 25 cents voi LXXXVIII No. 45 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 8, i98i Reagan administration Five years later announces appointment for rights post The Ukrainian Helsinki Group: WASHINGTON - After months of the struggle continues delay, the Reagan administration an– nounced on October 30 that it is no– When the leaders of 35 states gathered in Helsinki in minating Elliot Abrams, a neo-conser– August 1975 signed the Final Act of the Conference on vative Democrat and former Senate Security and Cooperation in Europe, few could aide, to be assistant secretary of state for have foreseen the impact the agreement would have in human rights and humanitarian affairs, the Soviet Union. While the accords granted the Soviets reported The New York Times. de jure recognition of post-World War ll boundaries, they The 33-year-old lawyer, who pre– also extracted some acquiescence to provisions viously worked as special counsel to guaranteeing human rights and freedom, guarantees Sen. Henry Jackson of Washington and that already existed in the Soviet Constitution and Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan of New countless international covenants. York, joined the administration last At the time, the human-rights provisions seemed January as assistant secretary of state unenforceable, a mere formality, a peripheral issue for international organization affairs. agreed to by a regime with no intention of carrying in announcing the nomination, Presi– them through. dent Ronald Reagan stated that hu– But just over one year later, on November 9,1976,10 man-rights considerations are an im– courageous Ukrainian intellectuals in Kiev moat of portant part of foreign policy, the Times them former political prisoners, formed the Ukrainian said.
    [Show full text]
  • Beginning the Holy Meal
    EKKLESIOUIHOLY MEALS CHRISTMASLA EVE HOLY SUPPER PASCHA HOLY BREAKFAST EKKLESIOUL • Holy Meals • Festal Liturgical celebrations A:• Continued in the home • In order to begin to LIVE the feast • participate in the saving event of God • Not just watch a ritual in Church • Main part: • Hymn singing between the courses – Hymns are of the Feast • Starts with a home ritual – Could include Bible Readings – Various Prayers – Symbols • Ends with a prayer/hymn • Introduction: • Traditionallly Christmas & Theophany • Starts with preparation • St Philip’s Fast (40 days) • As in all Fasts / Penitential Periods – Fasting – Prayer – Helping the Poor – • Before the Christmas Eve meal, • the family fasted all day. • No outside work was done. • This was a holy day. • At the Supper, all members wore festive clothing. • The tone of the supper was that of "festive dignity” • The Christmass Eve Holy Supper • 12 meatless (fasting) courses • before every course: • Sing a Christmas carol • SERVE ONLY ONE COURSE AT A TIME! • --Two plates are set aside: – one for ancestors & family who have fallen asleep in the Lord (cf. what happens at Pascha) & the other for strangers (cf. the plate for the Prophet Elijah at Passover). A small portion of each type of food is placed on these. • --Straw is strewn • on the table – Underneath the Table Cloth • and on the floor: • because we are sharing a meal with the Holy Family - lodging in the stable by the manger with the animals. – Treats (candy & money) strewn in the straw – After the meal, the children hunt for treats • Beginning the Holy Meal: • 1: At dusk, the youngest child goes outdoors & announces the first star saying: • “Behold! The star of Christ! Like the Magi, let us worship Him.” (cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Dry Grassland Vegetation of Central Podolia (Ukraine) - a Preliminary Overview of Its Syntaxonomy, Ecology and Biodiversity 391-430 Tuexenia 34: 391–430
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Tuexenia - Mitteilungen der Floristisch-soziologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Jahr/Year: 2014 Band/Volume: NS_34 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kuzenko Anna A., Becker Thomas, Didukh Yakiv P., Ardelean Ioana Violeta, Becker Ute, Beldean Monika, Dolnik Christian, Jeschke Michael, Naqinezhad Alireza, Ugurlu Emin, Unal Aslan, Vassilev Kiril, Vorona Evgeniy I., Yavorska Olena H., Dengler Jürgen Artikel/Article: Dry grassland vegetation of Central Podolia (Ukraine) - a preliminary overview of its syntaxonomy, ecology and biodiversity 391-430 Tuexenia 34: 391–430. Göttingen 2014. doi: 10.14471/2014.34.020, available online at www.tuexenia.de Dry grassland vegetation of Central Podolia (Ukraine) – a preliminary overview of its syntaxonomy, ecology and biodiversity Die Trockenrasenvegetation Zentral-Podoliens (Ukraine) – eine vorläufige Übersicht zu Syntaxonomie, Ökologie und Biodiversität Anna A. Kuzemko1, Thomas Becker2, Yakiv P. Didukh3, Ioana Violeta Arde- lean4, Ute Becker5, Monica Beldean4, Christian Dolnik6, Michael Jeschke2, Alireza Naqinezhad7, Emin Uğurlu8, Aslan Ünal9, Kiril Vassilev10, Evgeniy I. Vorona11, Olena H. Yavorska11 & Jürgen Dengler12,13,14,* 1National Dendrological Park “Sofiyvka”, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyivska Str. 12a, 20300 Uman’, Ukraine, [email protected];2Geobotany, Faculty of Geography and Geosciences, University of Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany, [email protected];
    [Show full text]
  • Dialect Contact and Convergence in Contemporary Hutsulshchyna By
    Coming Down From the Mountain: Dialect Contact and Convergence in Contemporary Hutsulshchyna By Erin Victoria Coyne A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Slavic Languages and Literatures in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Johanna Nichols, Chair Professor Alan Timberlake Professor Lev Michael Spring 2014 Abstract Coming Down From the Mountain: Dialect Contact and Convergence in Contemporary Hutsulshchyna by Erin Victoria Coyne Doctor of Philosophy in Slavic Languages and Literatures University of California, Berkeley Professor Johanna Nichols, Chair Despite the recent increased interest in Hutsul life and culture, little attention has been paid to the role of dialect in Hutsul identity and cultural revival. The primary focus of the present dissertation is the current state of the Hutsul dialect, both in terms of social perception and the structural changes resulting from the dominance of the standard language in media and education. Currently very little is known about the contemporary grammatical structure of Hutsul. The present dissertation is the first long-term research project designed to define both key elements of synchronic Hutsul grammar, as well as diachronic change, with focus on variation and convergence in an environment of increasing close sustained contact with standard Ukrainian resulting from both a historically-based sense of ethnic identification, as well as modern economic realities facing the once isolated and self-sufficient Hutsuls. In addition, I will examine the sociolinguistic network lines which allow and impede linguistic assimilation, specifically in the situation of a minority population of high cultural valuation facing external linguistic assimilation pressures stemming from socio-political expediency.
    [Show full text]
  • Destroying the National-Spiritual Values of Ukrainians
    Historia i Polityka No. 18 (25)/2016, pp. 33–43 ISSN 1899-5160, e-ISSN 2391-7652 www.hip.umk.pl DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/HiP.2016.030 Nadia K indrachuk Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankovsk, Ukraine Destroying the National-Spiritual Values ​​ of Ukrainians during the Anti-Religious Offensive of the Soviet Totalitarian State in the 1960s and 1970s Niszczenie wartości narodowo-duchowych Ukraińców podczas anty-religijnej ofensywy sowieckiego państwa totalitarnego w latach 60. i 70. XX wieku • A bst ra kt • • A bst ract • Artykuł zajmuje się kościelnym i religijnym The article deals with the church and religious życiem Ukraińców w kontekście narodowo- life of Ukrainians in the context of national ściowych i politycznych procesów mających and political processes during the 1960s and miejsce w latach 60. i 70. XX wieku. Autorka 1970s. The author characterizes the anti-reli- prezentuje charakterystykę anty-religijnej po- gious policy of the Soviet government, shows lityki rządu radzieckiego, pokazuje jej kierun- its directions, forms, and methods, studies the ki, formy i metody, bada stosunek przedstawi- attitude of Ukraine’s title nation representatives cieli tytularnego narodu wobec prześladowań to religious persecution and to manipulation of religijnych i manipulacji świadomością religij- religious consciousness by the communist lead- ną przez przywódców komunistycznych i pod- ership, and highlights comprehensive atheistic kreśla kompleksowość działań ateizacyjnych activities and the elimination of the ways for i eliminację możliwości odrodzenia religijno- reviving religiosity among people. The author ści wśród ludzi. Autorka odsłania istotę, proces reveals the essence, the process of creating and tworzenia i sztucznego egzekwowania nowego artificially enforcing the new Soviet ritualism radzieckiego rytualizmu w życiu Ukraińców.
    [Show full text]
  • A Microhistory of Ukraine's Generation of Cultural Rebels
    This article was downloaded by: [Selcuk Universitesi] On: 07 February 2015, At: 17:31 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cnap20 The early 1960s as a cultural space: a microhistory of Ukraine's generation of cultural rebels Serhy Yekelchyka a Department of Germanic and Slavic Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada Published online: 10 Oct 2014. Click for updates To cite this article: Serhy Yekelchyk (2015) The early 1960s as a cultural space: a microhistory of Ukraine's generation of cultural rebels, Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity, 43:1, 45-62, DOI: 10.1080/00905992.2014.954103 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2014.954103 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content.
    [Show full text]
  • Untitled Spreadsheet
    Priority sector for Name of the project in Summary of the project in English, including goal and results (up Full name of the applicant Total project budget Requested amount ID Competition program LOT Type of project culture and arts English to 100 words) organization in English (in UAH) from UCF (in UAH) The television program is based on facts taken from historical sources, which testify to a fundamental distortion of the history of the Russian Empire, aimed at creating a historical mythology that Muscovy and Kievan Rus have common historical roots, that Muscovy has "inheritance rights" on Kievan Rus. The ordinary fraud of the Muscovites, who had taken possession of the past of The cycle of science- the Grand Duchy of Kiev and its people, dealt a terrible cognitive television blow to the Ukrainian ethnic group. Our task is to expose programs "UKRAINE. the falsehood and immorality of Moscow mythology on Union of STATE HISTORY. Part the basis of true facts. Without a great past, it is impossible Cinematographers "Film 3AVS11-0069 Audiovisual Arts LOT 1 TV content Individual Audiovisual Arts I." Kievan Rus " to create a great nation. Logos" 1369589 1369589 New eight 15-minute programs of the cycle “Game of Fate” are continuation of the project about outstanding historical figures of Ukrainian culture, art and science. The project consists of stories of the epistolary genre and memoirs. Private world of talented personalities, complex and ambiguous, is at the heart of the stories. These are facts from biographies that are not written in textbooks, encyclopedias, or wikipedia, but which are much more likely to attract the attention of different audiences.
    [Show full text]
  • Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Kholodilin, Konstantin; Gerasymov, Tymofiy Working Paper Coping with consequences of a housing crisis during great war: A case of Right-Bank Ukraine in 1914-1918 DIW Discussion Papers, No. 1610 Provided in Cooperation with: German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) Suggested Citation: Kholodilin, Konstantin; Gerasymov, Tymofiy (2016) : Coping with consequences of a housing crisis during great war: A case of Right-Bank Ukraine in 1914-1918, DIW Discussion Papers, No. 1610, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/147997 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available
    [Show full text]
  • Contours and Consequences of the Lexical Divide in Ukrainian
    Geoffrey Hull and Halyna Koscharsky1 Contours and Consequences of the Lexical Divide in Ukrainian When compared with its two large neighbours, Russian and Polish, the Ukrainian language presents a picture of striking internal variation. Not only are Ukrainian dialects more mutually divergent than those of Polish or of territorially more widespread Russian,2 but on the literary level the language has long been characterized by the existence of two variants of the standard which have never been perfectly harmonized, in spite of the efforts of nationalist writers for a century and a half. While Ukraine’s modern standard language is based on the eastern dialect of the Kyiv-Poltava-Kharkiv triangle, the literary Ukrainian cultivated by most of the diaspora communities continues to follow to a greater or lesser degree the norms of the Lviv koiné in 1 The authors would like to thank Dr Lance Eccles of Macquarie University for technical assistance in producing this paper. 2 De Bray (1969: 30-35) identifies three main groups of Russian dialects, but the differences are the result of internal evolutionary divergence rather than of external influences. The popular perception is that Russian has minimal dialectal variation compared with other major European languages. Maximilian Fourman (1943: viii), for instance, told students of Russian that the language ‘is amazingly uniform; the same language is spoken over the vast extent of the globe where the flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics flies; and you will be understood whether you are speaking to a peasant or a university professor. There are no dialects to bother you, although, of course, there are parts of the Soviet Union where Russian may be spoken rather differently, as, for instance, English is spoken differently by a Londoner, a Scot, a Welshman, an Irishman, or natives of Yorkshire or Cornwall.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukrainian Literature in English: Articles in Journals and Collections, 1840-1965
    Research Report No. 51 UKRAINIAN LITERATURE IN ENGLISH: ARTICLES IN JOURNALS AND COLLECTIONS, 1840-1965 An annotated bibliography MARTA TARNAWSKY Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press University of Alberta Edmonton 1992 Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press Occasional Research Reports The Institute publishes research reports periodically. Copies may be ordered from the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, 352 Athabasca Hall, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G2E8. The name of the publication series and the substantive material in each issue (unless otherwise noted) are copyrighted by the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press. This publication was funded by a grant from the Stephania Bukachevska-Pastushenko Archival Endowment Fund. PRINTED IN CANADA 1 Occasional Research Reports UKRAINIAN LITERATURE IN ENGLISH: ARTICLES IN JOURNALS AND COLLECTIONS, 1840-1965 An annotated bibliography MARTA TARNAWSKY Research Report No. 5 Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press University of Alberta Edmonton 1992 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction v Journals and Collections Included in this Bibliography ix Bibliography 1 General Index 144 Chronological Index 175 INTRODUCTION The general plan Ukrainian Literature in English: Articles in Journals and Collections. 1840-1965 is part of a larger bibliographical project which attempts, for the first time, a comprehensive coverage of translations from and materials about Ukrainian literature published in the English language from the earliest known publications to the present. After it is completed this bibliographical project will include: 1/books and pamphlets, both translations and literary studies; 2/articles and notes published in monthly and quarterly journals, yearbooks, encyclopedias, symposia and other collections; 3/translations of poetry, prose and drama published in monthly and quarterly journals, yearbooks, anthologies etc.; and 4/ book reviews published in journals and collections.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stone Master”: on the Invisibility of Women’S Writing from the Soviet Ukrainian Periphery
    “The Stone Master”: On the Invisibility of Women’s Writing from the Soviet Ukrainian Periphery Oleksandra Wallo University of Kansas Abstract: Until the last decade of the Soviet state’s existence, only very few Ukrainian women writers achieved literary fame. This study sheds new light on Soviet Ukrainian political, historical, and social contexts that contributed to the invisibility of Ukrainian women’s writing by examining the case of Lviv-based author Nina Bichuia (b. 1937). Bichuia’s career and the publication history of her works illustrate several characteristics and paradoxes of Soviet literary politics concerning the Soviet periphery—i.e., the non-Russian republics, such as Ukraine. In particular, this article analyzes the differences in permissible literary expression between Moscow the metropole, Kyiv, the centre of the Ukrainian periphery, and Lviv, the Western Ukrainian periphery. It considers gender politics and biases in the Soviet Ukrainian literary establishment and the strictures of the Soviet “Friendship of Peoples” discourse, which had a provincializing effect on Ukrainian literary production and the tastes of the reading public. The article offers a close reading of Bichuia’s last short story, “Kaminnyi hospodar” (“The Stone Master,” 1990), which reflects this author’s “final word” on the Soviet environment for writing literature in the Western Ukrainian periphery. By analyzing Bichuia’s use of important literary intertexts and employing recent theorizations about Soviet state discourse, I demonstrate how “The Stone Master” imaginatively represents and criticizes the regime of discursive monopoly established by the Soviet system. This regime is shown to force a Ukrainian female writer into silence, which can be strategic, but cannot result in greater literary visibility.
    [Show full text]