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Groundwater Recharge Assessment in the Upper Limpopo River Basin: a Case Study in Ramotswa Dolomitic Aquifer
Groundwater Recharge Assessment in the Upper Limpopo River Basin: A Case Study in Ramotswa Dolomitic Aquifer Submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Hydrogeology Submitted by: Simamkele Siyambonga Baqa Student number: 1098513 Supervisors: Dr. Karen Villholth (IWMI) Prof. Tamiru Abiye (Wits) July 2017 in Johannesburg Groundwater Recharge Assessment in the upper Limpopo River Basin: A case study in Ramotswa Dolomitic Aquifer Declaration I Simamkele Siyambonga Baqa declare that Groundwater Recharge Assessment in the upper Limpopo River Basin with a case study in Ramotswa Dolomitic Aquifer is my own investigation and covers no section copied in whole or in part from any source unless it is clearly acknowledged in quotation marks and with detailed, complete and precise referencing. Further, the report has not been submitted before for any degree or examination at any university. …………………………………….. (Signature) ………………… (Date) I Abstract Hydrogeological research was undertaken in the transboundary Ramotswa dolomitic aquifer to provide understanding and quantification of the processes governing recharge mechanism and rates, in order to promote efficient and sustainable groundwater resource utilization and development, as well as to improve the Ramotswa transboundary aquifer management. Hydrochemical and tracer approaches were utilized to evaluate the processes governing the recharge mechanism while the chloride mass balance approach was further applied to assess groundwater recharge rates. Results indicated that all groundwater samples contained detectable amounts of tritium highlighting the renewability of the transboundary Ramotswa aquifer resources. Two distinct water types were characterised: sub-modern waters approximately recharge prior to the 1950s and a mixture of modern and sub-modern waters of recently recharge rainfall indicative of active recharge in the area through intensive rainfall. -
Evaluating Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Gaborone Dam Catchment, Botswana, from 1984–2015 Using GIS and Remote Sensing
sustainability Article Evaluating Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Gaborone Dam Catchment, Botswana, from 1984–2015 Using GIS and Remote Sensing Botlhe Matlhodi 1,* , Piet K. Kenabatho 1 , Bhagabat P. Parida 2 and Joyce G. Maphanyane 1 1 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, P/Bag UB 00704 Gaborone, Botswana; [email protected] (P.K.K.); [email protected] (J.G.M.) 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Botswana, P/Bag UB 0061 Gaborone, Botswana; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +267-355-5475 Received: 31 May 2019; Accepted: 7 August 2019; Published: 20 September 2019 Abstract: Land use land cover (LULC) change is one of the major driving forces of global environmental change in many developing countries. In this study, LULC changes were evaluated in the Gaborone dam catchment in Botswana between 1984 and 2015. The catchment is a major source of water supply to Gaborone city and its surrounding areas. The study employed Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) using Landsat imagery of 1984, 1995, 2005 and 2015. Image classification for each of these imageries was done through supervised classification using the Maximum Likelihood Classifier. Six major LULC categories, cropland, bare land, shrub land, built-up area, tree savanna and water bodies, were identified in the catchment. It was observed that shrub land and tree savanna were the major LULC categories between 1984 and 2005 while shrub land and cropland dominated the catchment area in 2015. The rates of change were generally faster in the 1995–2005 and 2005–2015 periods. -
Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This Book Is a Product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network
Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This book is a product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network. Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin Edited by Mzime Ndebele-Murisa Ismael Aaron Kimirei Chipo Plaxedes Mubaya Taurai Bere Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa DAKAR © CODESRIA 2020 Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop, Angle Canal IV BP 3304 Dakar, 18524, Senegal Website: www.codesria.org ISBN: 978-2-86978-713-1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission from CODESRIA. Typesetting: CODESRIA Graphics and Cover Design: Masumbuko Semba Distributed in Africa by CODESRIA Distributed elsewhere by African Books Collective, Oxford, UK Website: www.africanbookscollective.com The Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) is an independent organisation whose principal objectives are to facilitate research, promote research-based publishing and create multiple forums for critical thinking and exchange of views among African researchers. All these are aimed at reducing the fragmentation of research in the continent through the creation of thematic research networks that cut across linguistic and regional boundaries. CODESRIA publishes Africa Development, the longest standing Africa based social science journal; Afrika Zamani, a journal of history; the African Sociological Review; Africa Review of Books and the Journal of Higher Education in Africa. The Council also co- publishes Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro-Asian Dialogue; and the Afro-Arab Selections for Social Sciences. -
2017 SEAT Report Jwaneng Mine
JWANENG MINE SEAT 3REPORT 2017 - 2020 Contents INTRODUCTION TO JWANENG MINE’S SEAT 14 EXISTING SOCIAL PERFORMANCE 40 1. PROCESS 4. MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES 1.1. Background and Objectives 14 4.1. Debswana’s Approach to Social Performance 41 and Corporate Social Investment 1.2. Approach 15 4.1.1. Approach to Social Performance 41 1.3. Stakeholders Consulted During SEAT 2017 16 4.1.2. Approach to CSI Programmes 41 1.4. Structure of the SEAT Report 19 4.2. Mechanisms to Manage Social Performance 41 2. PROFILE OF JWANENG MINE 20 4.3. Ongoing Stakeholder Engagement towards 46 C2.1. Overview of Debswana’s Operational Context 20 Social Performance Management 2.2. Overview of Jwaneng Mine 22 DELIVERING SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFIT 49 2.2.1. Human Resources 23 5. THROUGH ALL MINING ACTIVITIES 2.2.2. Procurement 23 5.1. Overview 50 2.2.3. Safety and Security 24 5.2. Assessment of Four CSI/SED Projects 52 2.2.4. Health 24 5.2.1. The Partnership Between Jwaneng Mine 53 Hospital and Local Government 2.2.5. Education 24 5.2.2. Diamond Dream Academic Awards 54 2.2.6. Environment 25 5.2.3. Lefhoko Diamond Village Housing 55 2.3. Future Capital Investments and Expansion 25 Plans 5.2.4. The Provision of Water to Jwaneng Township 55 and Sese Village 2.3.1. Cut-8 Project 25 5.3. Assessing Jwaneng Mine’s SED and CSI 56 2.3.2. Cut-9 Project 25 Activities 2.3.3. The Jwaneng Resource Extension Project 25 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS 58 (JREP) 6. -
Large Hydro-Electricity and Hydro-Agricultural Schemes in Africa
FAO AQUASTAT Dams Africa – 070524 DAMS AND AGRICULTURE IN AFRICA Prepared by the AQUASTAT Programme May 2007 Water Development and Management Unit (NRLW) Land and Water Division (NRL) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Dams According to ICOLD (International Commission on Large Dams), a large dam is a dam with the height of 15 m or more from the foundation. If dams are 5-15 metres high and have a reservoir volume of more than three million m3, they are also classified as large dams. Using this definition, there are more than 45 000 large dams around the world, almost half of them in China. Most of them were built in the 20th century to meet the constantly growing demand for water and electricity. Hydropower supplies 2.2% of the world’s energy and 19% of the world’s electricity needs and in 24 countries, including Brazil, Zambia and Norway, hydropower covers more than 90% of national electricity supply. Half of the world’s large dams were built exclusively or primarily for irrigation, and an estimated 30-40% of the 277 million hectares of irrigated lands worldwide rely on dams. As such, dams are estimated to contribute to 12-16% of world food production. Regional inventories include almost 1 300 large and medium-size dams in Africa, 40% of which are located in South Africa (517) (Figure 1). Most of these were constructed during the past 30 years, coinciding with rising demands for water from growing populations. Information on dam height is only available for about 600 dams and of these 550 dams have a height of more than 15 m. -
Refundable Fee of P280.00 (Two Hundred and Eighty Pula Only) VAT Inclusive
PUBLIC TENDER NOTICE TENDER NO: BOCRA/PT/006/2020.2021 SUPPLY, INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONING OF ICT EQUIPMENT AT TWELVE (12) TRIBAL ADMINISTRATIONS IN KWENENG DISTRICT The Botswana Communications Regulatory Authority (BOCRA or the Authority) hereby invites experienced and reputable companies to tender for the Supply, Installation and Commissioning of ICT Equipment at twelve (12) Tribal Administrations in Kweneng District. The tender is reserved for 100% citizen-owned companies who are registered with the Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Board (PPADB) under the following codes and subcodes; Code 203: Electrical, Electronic, Mechanical and ICT Supplies Subcode 01: Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Spares and Accessories (includes ICT, photographic equipment, and others). Youth owned companies in Botswana shall purchase the ITT at 50% of the purchase price as per Presidential Directive CAB 14 (B)/2015. The Invitation to Tender (ITT) document may be purchased at the BOCRA Head Office by interested companies at a non-refundable fee of P280.00 (Two Hundred and Eighty Pula Only) VAT inclusive. Payment must be made in the form of bank transfer or deposits to the following bank details: Bank Name: First National Bank Botswana Ltd Branch Name: Mall Branch Code: 28-28-67 Account Name: Botswana Communications Regulatory Authority Bank Account No: 62011115088 Swift Code: FIRNBWGX Reference: BTA0001 Tender documents shall be issued upon provision of Proof of Payment (POP). All funds transfer bank charges shall be borne by the bidder. Compulsory -
Stormwater Management in Gaborone a Minor Field Study of the Quality and Quantity of Water in Segoditshane River
Stormwater management in Gaborone A Minor Field Study of the quality and quantity of water in Segoditshane River Elin Andersson & Hanna Palm Johansson Water and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Master Thesis 2015 Stormwater management in Gaborone A Minorstudy ofField the Studyquality of and the quantityquality and of waterquantity in inSegoditshane Segoditshane River River by Elin Andersson & Hanna Palm Johansson Master Thesis number: 2015-19 Water and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Lund University September 2015 Supervisor: Senior lecturer Karin Jönsson Co-supervisor: Dr. Phillimon Odirile & Dr. Veronica Obuseng Examiner: Dr. Åsa Davidsson Picture on front page: Segoditshane River. Photo by Hanna Palm Johansson and Elin Andersson Postal address Visiting address Telephone P.O. Box 124 Getingevägen 60 +46 46-222 82 85 SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden +46 46-222 00 00 Web address Telefax www.vateknik.lth.se +46 46-222 45 26 Minor Field Study This study has been carried out within the framework of the Minor Field Studies (MFS) Scholarship Programme, which is funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. The MFS Scholarship Programme offers Swedish university students an opportunity to carry out two months’ field work in a developing country resulting in a graduation thesis work, a Master’s dissertation or a similar in-depth study. These studies are primarily conducted within subject areas that are important from an international development perspective and in a country supported by Swedish international development assistance. The main purpose of the MFS Programme is to enhance Swedish university students’ knowledge and understanding of developing countries and their problems. -
Land Tenure Reforms and Social Transformation in Botswana: Implications for Urbanization
Land Tenure Reforms and Social Transformation in Botswana: Implications for Urbanization. Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Ijagbemi, Bayo, 1963- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 06/10/2021 17:13:55 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196133 LAND TENURE REFORMS AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN BOTSWANA: IMPLICATIONS FOR URBANIZATION by Bayo Ijagbemi ____________________ Copyright © Bayo Ijagbemi 2006 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2006 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Bayo Ijagbemi entitled “Land Reforms and Social Transformation in Botswana: Implications for Urbanization” and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 10 November 2006 Dr Thomas Park _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 10 November 2006 Dr Stephen Lansing _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 10 November 2006 Dr David Killick _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 10 November 2006 Dr Mamadou Baro Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. -
The Geology of the Shashe Area
REPUBLIC OF BOTSWANA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEPARTMENT Director: T.P. Machacha BULLETIN SERIES Bulletin 35 THE GEOLOGY OF THE SHASHE AREA An explanation of quarter degree sheet 2127 A by D.T.ALDISS 1989 Published by the Director Geological Survey Department, Private Bag 14, Lobatse, Botswana with the authority of the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Water Affairs Republic of Botswana PRlNIED BY TIm GOVERl'.'MENT PRTh'TER, GABORONE, BOTSWANA 4.3.4 Sand and Gravel Sand for local use in construction is extracted by the truck-load from the Shashe River, especially at Tonotha, and to a lesser extent at Borolong, and from the Dati River near Francistown. The reserves for this kind of small-scale extraction appear to be very considerable, although no investigations have been made of the quality of the material. There is assumed to be some seasonal replenishment of the river sands although this must now be relatively restricted below the Shashe Dam. Gravel for major road construction was obtained from shallow pits which now remain at regular intervals along each of the main roads. This material is suitable for landfill and embankment construction but would be too impure for other uses, such as in concrete, for example. 4.4 Mineral Fuels The existence of coal in the Tlapana Formation has been proven by the drilling operations of Shell Coal (Botswana) (Pty.) Ltd. immediately to the south and west of the Shashe area, but its quality is not encouraging (Smith and Phofuetsile 1985). It seems unlikely that significant developments of coal extend into the present area. -
Botswana Semiology Research Centre Project Seismic Stations In
BOTSWANA SEISMOLOGICAL NETWORK ( BSN) STATIONS 19°0'0"E 20°0'0"E 21°0'0"E 22°0'0"E 23°0'0"E 24°0'0"E 25°0'0"E 26°0'0"E 27°0'0"E 28°0'0"E 29°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 1 S 7 " ° 0 0 ' ' 0 0 ° " 7 S 1 KSANE Kasane ! !Kazungula Kasane Forest ReserveLeshomo 1 S Ngoma Bridge ! 8 " ! ° 0 0 ' # !Mabele * . MasuzweSatau ! ! ' 0 ! ! Litaba 0 ° Liamb!ezi Xamshiko Musukub!ili Ivuvwe " 8 ! ! ! !Seriba Kasane Forest Reserve Extension S 1 !Shishikola Siabisso ! ! Ka!taba Safari Camp ! Kachikau ! ! ! ! ! ! Chobe Forest Reserve ! !! ! Karee ! ! ! ! ! Safari Camp Dibejam!a ! ! !! ! ! ! ! X!!AUD! M Kazuma Forest Reserve ! ShongoshongoDugamchaRwelyeHau!xa Marunga Xhauga Safari Camp ! !SLIND Chobe National Park ! Kudixama Diniva Xumoxu Xanekwa Savute ! Mah!orameno! ! ! ! Safari Camp ! Maikaelelo Foreset Reserve Do!betsha ! ! Dibebe Tjiponga Ncamaser!e Hamandozi ! Quecha ! Duma BTLPN ! #Kwiima XanekobaSepupa Khw!a CHOBE DISTRICT *! !! ! Manga !! Mampi ! ! ! Kangara # ! * Gunitsuga!Njova Wazemi ! ! G!unitsuga ! Wazemi !Seronga! !Kaborothoa ! 1 S Sibuyu Forest Reserve 9 " Njou # ° 0 * ! 0 ' !Nxaunxau Esha 12 ' 0 Zara ! ! 0 ° ! ! ! " 9 ! S 1 ! Mababe Quru!be ! ! Esha 1GMARE Xorotsaa ! Gumare ! ! Thale CheracherahaQNGWA ! ! GcangwaKaruwe Danega ! ! Gqose ! DobeQabi *# ! ! ! ! Bate !Mahito Qubi !Mahopa ! Nokaneng # ! Mochabana Shukumukwa * ! ! Nxabe NGAMILAND DISTRICT Sorob!e ! XurueeHabu Sakapane Nxai National Nark !! ! Sepako Caecae 2 ! ! S 0 " Konde Ncwima ° 0 ! MAUN 0 ' ! ! ' 0 Ntabi Tshokatshaa ! 0 ° ! " 0 PHDHD Maposa Mmanxotai S Kaore ! ! Maitengwe 2 ! Tsau Segoro -
2011 Population & Housing Census Preliminary Results Brief
2011 Population & Housing Census Preliminary Results Brief For further details contact Census Office, Private Bag 0024 Gaborone: Tel 3188500; Fax 3188610 1. Botswana Population at 2 Million Botswana’s population has reached the 2 million mark. Preliminary results show that there were 2 038 228 persons enumerated in Botswana during the 2011 Population and Housing Census, compared with 1 680 863 enumerated in 2001. Suffice to note that this is the de-facto population – persons enumerated where they were found during enumeration. 2. General Comments on the Results 2.1 Population Growth The annual population growth rate 1 between 2001 and 2011 is 1.9 percent. This gives further evidence to the effect that Botswana’s population continues to increase at diminishing growth rates. Suffice to note that inter-census annual population growth rates for decennial censuses held from 1971 to 2001 were 4.6, 3.5 and 2.4 percent respectively. A close analysis of the results shows that it has taken 28 years for Botswana’s population to increase by one million. At the current rate and furthermore, with the current conditions 2 prevailing, it would take 23 years for the population to increase by another million - to reach 3 million. Marked differences are visible in district population annual growths, with estimated zero 3 growth for Selebi-Phikwe and Lobatse and a rate of over 4 percent per annum for South East District. Most district growth rates hover around 2 percent per annum. High growth rates in Kweneng and South East Districts have been observed, due largely to very high growth rates of villages within the proximity of Gaborone. -
A Comparative Study of the Origins of Cyanobacteria at Musina Water Treatment Plant Using Dna Fingerprints
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ORIGINS OF CYANOBACTERIA AT MUSINA WATER TREATMENT PLANT USING DNA FINGERPRINTS Murendeni Magonono (11573449) Supervisor: Prof JR Gumbo Co-supervisor: Prof PJ Oberholster A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Ecology & Resources Management, University of Venda, for the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Earth Sciences in Hydrology & Water Resources August 2017 i DECLARATION ii DEDICATION I would like to dedicate my thesis to my parents Mr A.N Ma gonono and Mrs A.S Magonono who supported me throughout my studies. This thesis is also dedicated to all other people who helped in the success of this project. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Prof Gumbo for the continuous support and influence he showed during this Master’s program. It will never be enough by words to show how much I appreciate his efforts; he was involved in sponsorship attraction, progress and supply of knowledge to the author without giving up. I would also like to thank everyone for the laboratory assistan ce as well as Prof Shonai and Prof Gitari for allowing me the access to their laborat ies. I would also take this moment to thank Dr Gachara, Mr Glen Mr B Ogola and Mr S Makumere for their energy and time used in analyzing my results, and the influence they gave to me without giving up. I would like to also give a thank you to Mr E Matamba who spent his time reanalyzing my results and reading my thesis, his influence is very much appreciated.