Russula Nobilis Sp-P1-MJ-VU-26-4-14

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RUSSULA NOBILIS Nom de référence : Russula nobilis Velen. Synonymes : Russula fagecola (Romagn.) Bon Russula mairei Singer Classificaon : Division : Basidiomycota Ordre : Russulales Famille : Russulaceae Nom français : russule noble, russule émé que du h#tre, russule du h#tre. Intérêt culinaire : non comesble. Photo Wikimedia -DESCRIPTION 1-1 Silhoue'e : au sol, de dimension moyenne avec un pied central surmonté d’un chapeau, convexe puis étalé. Couleur dominante : rouge. -2 Chapeau : de 3 à 7 cm. Convexe, il s’aplanit ensuite et finit par être étalé mais jamais profondément déprimé. Le revêtement, de couleur rouge vif, est lisse et discrètement bosselé, mat par temps sec, brillant et lubrifié par temps humide. Il est séparable de la chair du chapeau sur 1/3 à 1/2 du rayon. En vieillissant il se décolore en blanc (sans traces jaunâtres ou ochracées) à par r de la périphérie. 1a marge est droite, sauf sur les vieu) e)emplaires o9 elle est relevée (récurvée), .ne, lisse , bri2vement striée ou cannelée : elle p8lit assez rapidement. -3 Pied ou spe : de 3-6 ) 1-2 cm, il est central, cylindrique, souvent épaissi au milieu ou dans la moi é inférieure, et plein. En surface il est de couleur blanche qui tend , /aunir un peu , par r de la base : il est pruineu) chez le /eune champignon et .nement veiné longitudinalement (loupe). -4 Chair : ferme, blanche, sauf sous le rev#tement du chapeau o9 elle est rose. Elle est , peine lavée de /aune plus tard. 1(odeur est fruitée et la saveur tr2s 8cre. -, Lames - adnées , sublibres , l(inser on sur le pied, elles sont assez serrées et de couleur blanche , re>ets glauques : elles peuvent se tacher de brun en vieillissant. Quelques lames sont fourchues pr2s du pied. 1es lamelles et lamellules sont rares ou peu nombreuses. 1(ar#te est aigu@, en 2re et concolore , la face des lames. -. Sporée : blanche. -7 0a1itat : , tendance calcicole dans les bois un peu humides, dans les h#traies et les bois m#lés. Du début de l(été /usqu(, la .n de l(automne. -2 Réparon : esp2ce assez fréquente aussi bien en plaine qu(en montagne o9 elle vient isolément ou en pe ts groupe. 2-OBSER3ATIONS CeAe russule est couramment nommée Russula fagecola , plus rarement Russula mairei . Son nouveau nom Russula nobilis est encore peu u lisé. Certains auteurs font de Russula nobilis et de Russula fagecola une seule et m#me esp2ce. D(autres en font deu) esp2ces, certes tr2s proches, mais disnctes l(une de l(autre en aAribuant , Russula fagecola un rev#tement du chapeau rouge moins vif, un pied moins trapu, une pousse dans les h#traies , tendance acide et non , tendance calcaire. 1(épith2te fagecola a été donnée car ce champignon vient essen ellement sous les h#tres ( Fagus). 1a chair des russules étant granuleuse, leur pied casse comme un b8ton de craie, il est donc impossible de rer des lani2res de la chair ou du corte) du pied. 3-INTER4T A re/eter, ceAe russule doit #tre considérée comme to)ique. 4-RIS5UES DE CON6USION 1ire le paragraphe 2-OBSERVATIONS. 1es risques de confusion e)istent aussi avec d(autres russules rouges, 8cres, , lames blanches et plus par culi2rement Russula emeca var. silvestris (= Russula silvestris ). Vérifié le 16 janvier 2014 .

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