Complex Language Ecologies and Effective Language Education1 Thomas A
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FOLK MUSIC OF CHINA, VOL. 16: FOLK SONGS OF THE DONG, GELAO & YAO PEOPLES DONG 19 Song of Offering Tea 敬茶歌 - 1:13 1 The Song of Cicadas in May 五月禅歌 - 3:13 20 A Love Song about Rice Fields 辰时调 - 1:36 2 The World is Full of Love 天地人间充满爱 - 3:02 21 Song of Time 有歌不唱留干啥 - 5:21 3 Settlement of Ancestors 祖公落寨歌 - 2:20 22 Weeding First 薅草排头号 - 4:08 4 Think of My Beau 想情郎 - 2:03 23 Chinese Hwamei Tweeting Happily 5 I Miss You Song 思念歌 - 0:49 on the Mountain 高山画眉叫得乖 - 1:12 6 Cleverer Mind and Nimble Hands 24 A Boy Walks into a Garden 小哥进花园 - 0:49 心灵手巧赛过人 - 1:58 25 Visit My Girl 双探妹 - 1:40 7 In Praise of New Life 歌唱新生活 - 7:02 26 Shuo Fu Si 说伏似 - 1:41 8 The Song of Cicadas in March 三月禅歌 - 3:32 27 A Cowboy Song 放牛调 - 3:59 9 Vine and Tree 滕树情 - 3:06 28 A Mountain-Climbing Tiger 上山虎 10 Duet at the Drum-Tower Excerpts - 1:00 鼓楼对唱选段 - 5:51 YAO 11 A Duo 二人大歌 - 1:15 29 Multipart Folk Song 1 大歌(一) - 0:51 12 Good Days 美好时光 - 1:31 30 Multipart Folk Song 2 大歌(二) - 0:55 13 Frog Song 青蛙歌 - 1:47 31 Multipart Folk Song 3 大歌(三) - 0:56 14 Yellow Withered Leaf 黄叶已枯 - 2:07 32 Multipart Folk Song 4 大歌(四) - 0:52 15 Play Folk Song 玩山歌 - 1:03 33 Multipart Folk Song 5 大歌(五) - 0:45 GELAO 34 Folk Tune 1 小调歌(一) - 0:46 35 Folk Tune 2 小调歌(二) - 0:47 16 Love Song 1 情歌(一) - 0:58 36 Folk Tune 3 小调歌(三) - 0:40 17 Love Song 2 情歌 (二) - 0:59 37 Folk Tune 4 小调歌(四) 18 Red Plum Blossom (work song) - 0:44 桃花溜溜红 (劳动号子) - 3:03 TOTAL PLAYING TIME: 76:59 min. -
Volume 4-2:2011
JSEALS Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society Managing Editor: Paul Sidwell (Pacific Linguistics, Canberra) Editorial Advisory Board: Mark Alves (USA) George Bedell (Thailand) Marc Brunelle (Canada) Gerard Diffloth (Cambodia) Marlys Macken (USA) Brian Migliazza (USA) Keralapura Nagaraja (India) Peter Norquest (USA) Amara Prasithrathsint (Thailand) Martha Ratliff (USA) Sophana Srichampa (Thailand) Justin Watkins (UK) JSEALS is the peer-reviewed journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, and is devoted to publishing research on the languages of mainland and insular Southeast Asia. It is an electronic journal, distributed freely by Pacific Linguistics (www.pacling.com) and the JSEALS website (jseals.org). JSEALS was formally established by decision of the SEALS 17 meeting, held at the University of Maryland in September 2007. It supersedes the Conference Proceedings, previously published by Arizona State University and later by Pacific Linguistics. JSEALS welcomes articles that are topical, focused on linguistic (as opposed to cultural or anthropological) issues, and which further the lively debate that characterizes the annual SEALS conferences. Although we expect in practice that most JSEALS articles will have been presented and discussed at the SEALS conference, submission is open to all regardless of their participation in SEALS meetings. Papers are expected to be written in English. Each paper is reviewed by at least two scholars, usually a member of the Advisory Board and one or more independent readers. Reviewers are volunteers, and we are grateful for their assistance in ensuring the quality of this publication. As an additional service we also admit data papers, reports and notes, subject to an internal review process. -
Highlights from Three Language Families in Southwest China
Highlights from three Language Families in Southwest China Matthias Gerner RFLR Monographs Matthias Gerner Highlights from three Language Families in Southwest China RFLR Monographs Volume 3 Matthias Gerner Highlights from three Language Families in Southwest China Burmese-Lolo, Tai-Kadai, Miao Research Foundation Language and Religion e-Book ISBN 978-3-947306-91-6 e-Book DOI https://doi.org/10.23772/9783947306916 Print ISBN 978-3-947306-90-9 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie and available in the Internet at https://www.dnb.de. © 2019 Research Foundation Language and Religion Duisburg, Germany https://www.rflr.org Printing and binding: Print Simply GmbH, Frankfurt Printed in Germany IX Acknowledgement God created rare language phenomena like those hidden in the Burmese-Lolo, Tai-Kadai and Miao languages which are the subject of this monograph (Proverbs 25:2). I am grateful to Emil Reschke and Siegfried Lechner of Research Foundation Language and Religion for their kind assistance. The following native speakers have provided helpful discussion: Michael Mǎhǎi 马海, Zhū Wén Xù 朱文旭, Hú Sùhúa 胡素华, Āyù Jĭpō 阿育几坡, Shí Défù 石德富, Zhāng Yǒngxiáng 张永祥, Wú Zhèngbiāo 吴正彪, Xióng Yùyǒu 熊玉有, Zhāng Yǒng 张勇, Wú Shìhuá 吴世华, Shí Lín 石林, Yáng Chéngxīng 杨成星, Lǐ Xùliàn 李旭练. The manuscript received feedback from colleagues who commented on the data presented at eleven international conferences between 2006 and 2016. Thanks are due to Jens Weigel for the cover design and to Jason Kline for proofreading the manuscript. X Preface The Burmese-Lolo, Tai-Kadai, Miao-Yao and Chinese languages form a loose Sprachbund in Southwest China with hundreds of languages coexisting and assimilating to each other. -
DBW-18 Still a Song to Sing?
DBW-18 EAST ASIA Daniel Wright is an Institute Fellow studying ICWA the people and societies of inland China. LETTERS Still a Song to Sing? — Modernization and Guizhou’s Since 1925 the Institute of Ethnic Minority Traditions — Current World Affairs (the Crane- Rogers Foundation) has provided RONGJIANG COUNTY, Guizhou, China April 1999 long-term fellowships to enable outstanding young professionals Mr. Peter Bird Martin to live outside the United States Executive Director and write about international Institute of Current World Affairs areas and issues. An exempt 4 West Wheelock St. operating foundation endowed by Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 USA the late Charles R. Crane, the Dear Peter, Institute is also supported by contributions from like-minded Since a fire roared through mountainous Xiao Huang Village several months individuals and foundations. ago, torching one-third of the community’s wooden homes, none of the people have been in the mood to sing. At least that’s what two teenage girls from the TRUSTEES village, both surnamed Wu, recently told me. Bryn Barnard Carole Beaulieu Singing is the lifeblood of this Dong ethnic village, located in southeastern Mary Lynne Bird Guizhou Province’s Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture William F, Foote — the heartland of Dong traditional culture. Peter Geithner Pramila Jayapal Before the young ladies can remember, their parents and grandparents sang Peter Bird Martin Dong melodies to them. As toddlers, they heard tunes that imitate the sparrow’s Judith Mayer twitter, the brook’s gurgle and the cicada’s whir. Dorothy S. Patterson Paul A. Rahe As youngsters, the village song master leads groups of them after dinner Carol Rose each night, memorizing the richness of Dong culture through song. -
Person Royal Inst Orthography Paper Draft 5
HERITAGE SCRIPTS, TECHNICAL TRANSCRIPTIONS, AND PRACTICAL ORTHOGRAPHIES: A MIDDLE PATH TOWARDS EDUCATIONAL EXCELLENCE AND CULTURAL PRESERVATION FOR THAILAND’S ETHNIC MINORITY LANGUAGES Kirk R. Person SIL International and Payap University Abstract: As interest in mother-tongue first, multilingual education (MT-MLE) for Thailand’s ethnic minority people increases, the issue of how to write minority languages has come to the forefront. Some of Thailand’s ethnic languages have no orthography (alphabet) whatsoever. Other languages have as many as twelve competing orthographies—twelve different alphabets for one language! Existing minority orthographies manifest a diversity of origins. They may be based on Roman, Thai, Burmic, Monic, Chinese, or Arabic scripts. They may have been created by religious leaders, academics, ordinary villages, or language activists. Some language groups have long-established heritage scripts that are cherished as a symbol of ethnic identity; others seem to have no particular love for any of their orthography options. At the same time, many educators, academics, and activists are posing important questions, such as: “If children learn to read and write using a Thai-based minority language script, will their Thai abilities be Akhandicapped?” “Will learning to read and write in a Roman-based minority script provide adequate transition to Thai?” “Can a language have more than one orthography?” This paper endeavors to survey the current state of minority language orthographies in Thailand, address some of the important questions mentioned above, and suggest a “middle path” for understanding the relationship between spoken languages, the written word, cultural preservation, and multilingual/multicultural education. Key Words: Orthography, Mother Tongue, Multilingual Education 1.0 INTRODUCTION Thailand is home to some seventy language groups (Suwilai, 2007; Gordon, 2005). -
'If You Don't Sing, Friends Will Say
‘If You Don’t Sing, Friends Will Say You are Proud’: How and Why Kam People Learn to Sing Kam Big Song * Catherine Ingram The 2.5 million Kam people, known in Chinese as dong zu 侗族 (the character zu, meaning ‘group,’ is appended to the names of all Chinese ethnic groups), are a southern Chinese people designated by the majority Han Chinese as one of China’s fifty-five so-called ‘minorities’.1 Most Kam people live in small towns and villages in the mountainous region of southwestern China that constitutes the borders of Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan provinces (see Figures 1a and 1b). Life in these villages is based around subsistence agriculture, and many of the tall mountain slopes—as well as the valleys—are covered with terraced rice fields. The research presented in this article was undertaken mostly in Sheeam (in Chinese, Sanlong 三龙), a Kam region about 35 kilometres south-southwest of the centre of Liping county (黎平县) in southeastern Guizhou Province, and one of the most important areas where Kam ‘big song’ is still sung. Jai Lao, one of the two large villages in Sheeam, was my home and fieldwork base from December 2004 to March 2006 and from February to July 2008.2 The residents of Sheeam speak a version * I was privileged to be invited to participate in, research and record Kam music-making, and would like to thank once again the many Kam people who generously shared their knowledge of Kam culture and their remarkable singing traditions. Special thanks to Wu Meifang, Wu Pinxian, Wu Xuegui and Wu Zhicheng; and to Nay Liang-jiao (Wu Xueyun) and all her family. -
The Development of the Finish Morphemes in the Yue-Chinese and the Zhuang Languages in the Guangxi Region
Copyright Warning Use of this thesis/dissertation/project is for the purpose of private study or scholarly research only. Users must comply with the Copyright Ordinance. Anyone who consults this thesis/dissertation/project is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no part of it may be reproduced without the author’s prior written consent. SYNCHRONIC VARIATION, GRAMMATICALIZATION AND LANGUAGE CONTACT: THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINISH MORPHEMES IN THE YUE-CHINESE AND THE ZHUANG LANGUAGES IN THE GUANGXI REGION HUANG YANG DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG AUGUST 2014 CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG 香港城市大學 Synchronic Variation, Grammaticalization and Language Contact: the Development of the FINISH Morphemes in the Yue-Chinese and the Zhuang Languages in the Guangxi Region 共時變異、語法化和語言接觸: 論南寧粵語及壯語中「完畢」語素的演變 Submitted to Department of Chinese and History 中文及歷史學系 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 哲學博士學位 by Huang Yang 黃陽 August 2014 二零一四年八月 Abstract Language change is simply a fact of life; it cannot be prevented or avoided (Campbell 2013: 3). When asked to identify the causes of language change, historical linguists usually give us internal explanations (Lass 1997: 209), while contact linguists specifically focus on external factors such as borrowing, interference, metatypy and others (Weinreich 1963, Ross 1999, Thomason 2001). Among these external factors, the contact-induced grammaticalization theory pioneered by Heine & Kuteva (2003, 2005) is particularly well-suited to explain the grammatical changes undergone by the languages in South China (F. Wu 2009a, Kwok 2010, D. Qin 2012, Y. Huang & Kwok 2013, Kwok et al. -
The History of Gyalthang Under Chinese Rule: Memory, Identity, and Contested Control in a Tibetan Region of Northwest Yunnan
THE HISTORY OF GYALTHANG UNDER CHINESE RULE: MEMORY, IDENTITY, AND CONTESTED CONTROL IN A TIBETAN REGION OF NORTHWEST YUNNAN Dá!a Pejchar Mortensen A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2016 Approved by: Michael Tsin Michelle T. King Ralph A. Litzinger W. Miles Fletcher Donald M. Reid © 2016 Dá!a Pejchar Mortensen ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii! ! ABSTRACT Dá!a Pejchar Mortensen: The History of Gyalthang Under Chinese Rule: Memory, Identity, and Contested Control in a Tibetan Region of Northwest Yunnan (Under the direction of Michael Tsin) This dissertation analyzes how the Chinese Communist Party attempted to politically, economically, and culturally integrate Gyalthang (Zhongdian/Shangri-la), a predominately ethnically Tibetan county in Yunnan Province, into the People’s Republic of China. Drawing from county and prefectural gazetteers, unpublished Party histories of the area, and interviews conducted with Gyalthang residents, this study argues that Tibetans participated in Communist Party campaigns in Gyalthang in the 1950s and 1960s for a variety of ideological, social, and personal reasons. The ways that Tibetans responded to revolutionary activists’ calls for political action shed light on the difficult decisions they made under particularly complex and coercive conditions. Political calculations, revolutionary ideology, youthful enthusiasm, fear, and mob mentality all played roles in motivating Tibetan participants in Mao-era campaigns. The diversity of these Tibetan experiences and the extent of local involvement in state-sponsored attacks on religious leaders and institutions in Gyalthang during the Cultural Revolution have been largely left out of the historiographical record. -
The Los Angeles Chinese Confucius Temple School: Heritage, Transformation, and Renovation
International Journal for Innovation Education and Research www.ijier.net Vol.3-2, 2015 The Los Angeles Chinese Confucius Temple School: Heritage, Transformation, and Renovation Yu-Ju Hung, Ph.D. Assistant Professor History Department, Chinese Culture University, Taiwan (R.O.C.) [email protected] Abstract The creation of mother-tongue language schools was the prevalent phenomenon in the American immigration communities in the nineteenth and twentieth century. Some European, such as German, immigrants capitalized their ethnic network to develop their ethnic language instructions within the systems of public school or religious parochial school, while certain Asian (Chinese or Japanese) immigrants created private language schools to maintain their heritage and culture for younger generations. Through the case study of history of the Chinese Confucius Temple School in Los Angeles Chinatown, along with the examination of theoretical frame of contemporary non-English mother-tongue schools in the United States, this study demonstrate the transformation of Chinese language school in the aftermath of 1950s. It shows that the development of language school not only dwells on the issues of Mandarin-learning and culture maintenance, but also accompanies with the transition of Chinese community from inner-city enclave to suburbs. Keywords: Language school, Los Angeles Chinatown, Chinese Confucius Temple School, Chinese tradition, cultural heritage Introduction: The development of Chinese language schools dates back to the late 1880s when the first one, Chinese Minister Zhang Yinguan, was established in San Francisco.1 In the following years to serve the needs of early immigrants, classes in Cantonese language were provided for the residents of Chinatown in a number of large cities in the United States. -
Register in Three Cham Dialects Marc Brunelle 1
JSEALS Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society Managing Editor: Paul Sidwell (Pacific Linguistics, Canberra) Editorial Advisory Board: Mark Alves (USA) George Bedell (Thailand) Gerard Diffloth (Cambodia) Marlys Macken (USA) Brian Migliazza (USA) Keralapura Nagaraja (India) Amara Prasithrathsint (Thailand) Martha Ratliff (USA) Sophana Srichampa (Thailand) Uri Tadmor (Indonesia) Justin Watkins (UK) JSEALS is the peer-reviewed journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, and is devoted to publishing research on the languages of mainland and insular Southeast Asia. It is an electronic journal, distributed freely by Pacific Linguistics (www.pacling.com) and the JSEALS website (sealang.org). Hard copies may also be ordered (availability subject to reasonable demand). JSEALS was formally established by decision of the SEALS 17 meeting, held at the University of Maryland in September 2007. It supersedes the Conference Proceedings, previously published by Arizona State University and later by Pacific Linguistics. JSEALS welcomes articles that are topical, focused on linguistic (as opposed to cultural or anthropological) issues, and which further the lively debate that characterizes the annual SEALS conferences. Although we expect in practice that most JSEALS articles will have been presented and discussed at the SEALS conference, submission is open to all regardless of their participation in SEALS meetings. Papers are expected to be written in English. Each paper is reviewed by at least two scholars, usually a member of the Advisory Board and one or more independent readers. Reviewers are volunteers, and we are grateful for their assistance in ensuring the quality of the publication. As an additional service we also admit data papers, reports and notes, subject to internal review. -
DBW-24 Golfing in Guiyang
DBW-24 EAST ASIA Daniel Wright is an Institute Fellow studying ICWA the people and societies of inland China. LETTERS Golfing in Guiyang —Playing with Guizhou’s Affluent— Since 1925 the Institute of Xiuyang County, GUIZHOU, China September, 1999 Current World Affairs (the Crane- Rogers Foundation) has provided long-term fellowships to enable Mr. Peter Bird Martin outstanding young professionals Executive Director to live outside the United States Institute of Current World Affairs and write about international 4 West Wheelock St. areas and issues. An exempt Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 USA operating foundation endowed by Dear Peter, the late Charles R. Crane, the Institute is also supported by My partners and I strode down the fairway toward the 18th green as if it was contributions from like-minded Sunday afternoon at the Masters Golf Tournament in Augusta. individuals and foundations. It was one of those “it just doesn’t get any better than this” kind of mo- TRUSTEES ments. The manicured lawn’s refreshing scent filled my nostrils. The course, Bryn Barnard thoughtfully designed along the contours of the mountain terrain, delighted Carole Beaulieu the eye. The weather was overcast and cool — great for golf in August. I had Mary Lynne Bird played better than expected and had enjoyed the partnership of some of William F, Foote Guizhou’s most wealthy businesspeople. A restful clubhouse welcomed us in Peter Geithner the distance. Pramila Jayapal Peter Bird Martin “Hand me the seven-iron,” I asked the caddie. Judith Mayer Dorothy S. Patterson “Sir, you’re still one hundred and sixty yards out and the green is set up a Paul A. -
PETAL POWER More Than 1,800 Runners from Home and Abroad Signed up for the Marathon and a 5Kilometer Mini Marathon
22 LIFE | Travel Monday, April 18, 2016 CHINA DAILY NEW TRACKS Green getaways A marathon to join the tourism race By YANG FEIYUE [email protected] Anhui province’s Huangshan city is painting a new finish line for its tourism ambitions, starting with Huizhou district’s first marathon on April 10. The event was unique in that runners competed on mountain paths lined with spring flowers. The race route passed ancient villages of the Huistyle architec ture that features white buildings capped with dark roofs, says the district’s Party secretary, Cheng Breathtaking rapeseed blooms in Tongren, Guizhou province, draw visitors every spring. PHOTOS PROVIDED TO CHINA DAILY Hong. The route crossed major scenic spots, including the Qiankou Civil Residence built in the Ming Dynasty (13681644), Chengkan’s ancient lanes, Lingshan’s terraced fields and Huistyle houses. PETAL POWER More than 1,800 runners from home and abroad signed up for the marathon and a 5kilometer mini marathon. Spring blooms bring visitors to Guizhou. Yang Feiyue, Yang Jun and Zeng Jun report. Runners received “Huizhou pass ports” that provide discounted trav n spring, Guizhou’s flowering eling, shopping and fields lure visitors to fly kites About accommodation. and experience its ethnic cul this series Cycling and water sports will be ture. added to the annual event, Cheng ITaiwan resident Ye Denggui says. visited the province’s Tongren city China Daily explores ecotourism The district’s traveldevelopment for a kite competition in late destinations and activities plan released in March integrates March, and the 53yearold was throughout spring.