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4.5 Ethnic Minority Groups

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4.5 Ethnic Minority Groups IPP319 v2 Public Disclosure Authorized The Guiyang-Guangzhou New Railway Construction (GGR) Social Assessment & Ethnic Minority Development Plan Public Disclosure Authorized SA &EMDP Public Disclosure Authorized Foreign I&T Introduction Center of MOR, China West China Development Research Center of The Central University of Nationalities Public Disclosure Authorized August 30, 2008 1 Project Title: Social Assessment & Ethnic Minority Development Plan for the Guiyang-Guangzhou New Railway Construction Project Undertakers: Professor/Dr. Zhang Haiyang (Han) Director of the West China Development Research Center Associate Professor/Dr. Jia Zhongyi (Miao/Mhong) Deputy Director of the WCDRC The Central University of Nationalities, Beijing, 100081 China [email protected]; [email protected] Taskforce Member: Chen weifan, female, Hui, graduate students of CUN Zhong wenhong, male, She, graduate student of CUN Shen Jie, femal, Han, graduate student of CUN Feng An, male, Buyi, graduate student of CUN Wu Huicheng, male, Zhuang, graduate student of CUN Drafters: Jia Zhongyi, Zhang Haiyang, Shen Jie, Chen weifan, Zhong wenhong, Feng An Translators: Zhang Haiyang, Saihan, Liu Liu, Chai Ling , Liang Hongling, Yan Ying, Liang Xining 2 Table of Contents Abstract...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Chpt.1 GGR Content & Regional Development Survey ........................................................................................... 9 1.1 Background of GGR.................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Significance of GGR.................................................................................................................................. 10 1.3 Status Quo of Regional Development........................................................................................................ 11 1.3.1 Natural, Economic and Cultural Geography................................................................................... 11 1.3.2 A Survey of Economic and Social Development......................................................................... 12 Chpt.2 Ethnic Minorities & Relevant Policy Survey............................................................................................... 14 2.1 Ethnic Minority Distribution and Historical Reasons................................................................................ 14 2.2: Overall Cultural Features of the Ethnic Minorities .................................................................................. 15 2.3 Framework of Applicable Policy and Laws............................................................................................... 17 2.3.1 The Modern Chinese Policies toward the Ethnic Minorities .......................................................... 17 2.3.2 Framework of Chinese Minorities Law .......................................................................................... 18 2.3.3 The Ethnic-Regional Autonomy Law and Regulations .................................................................. 20 2.3.4 Other Relevant Laws and Regulations............................................................................................ 22 2.3.5 The World Bank’s Policies Regarding Ethnic Minorities ............................................................... 22 2.4 The influence of GGR................................................................................................................................ 23 2.4.1 The Direct Impacted Area............................................................................................................... 23 2.4.2 The Indirect Impact Area ................................................................................................................ 25 2.4.3 The Radiation Area ......................................................................................................................... 25 2.5 A Short Summary....................................................................................................................................... 26 Chpt.3 A Surveys on the Status Quo of Regional & Ethnic Development........................................................... 27 3.1 Methods ..................................................................................................................................................... 27 3.2 Process and Result ..................................................................................................................................... 28 3.3 The Overall Situation of Ethnic Economy and Society ............................................................................. 36 3.4 Micro Ethnic Economic, Social and Cultural Features.............................................................................. 42 3.4.1 Zhuang-Dong Linguistic Group...................................................................................................... 43 3.4.2 Miao-Yao Linguistic Group............................................................................................................ 47 3.4.3 Other Ethnic Minority groups......................................................................................................... 50 Chpt.4 Analysis of the Stakeholders........................................................................................................................ 51 4.1 Owners of GGR ......................................................................................................................................... 51 4.2 The World Bank......................................................................................................................................... 51 4.3 Designers & Constructors.......................................................................................................................... 51 4.4 Governments and Residents in GGR Area................................................................................................. 51 4.5 Ethnic Minority Groups............................................................................................................................. 52 4.6 Other Vulnerable Groups........................................................................................................................... 53 4.7 Involuntarily Resettled Residents .............................................................................................................. 53 Chpt.5 Ethnic Consultation in Different Stages....................................................................................................... 54 5.1 Targets, Contents & Methods of Consultation in Preparatory Stage ......................................................... 54 5.2 Consultation in the Implementing Stage.................................................................................................... 55 Chpt.6 Macro-Effect of Consultation to GGR Planning.......................................................................................... 57 6.1 Modification of GGR Design .................................................................................................................... 57 6.2 Demonstration of Local Support to GGR.................................................................................................. 57 Chpt.7 Micro Influenc of GGR on Minorities ......................................................................................................... 59 3 7.1 Positive Influences..................................................................................................................................... 59 7.2 Scope, Content, Depth & Remedy to the Negative Impacts...................................................................... 60 7.3 Local Cases of Impacts from Other Railway Building.............................................................................. 61 Chpt.8 Ethnic Minority Development Plan ............................................................................................................. 67 8.1 The Classification of the Objective Communities ..................................................................................... 67 8.2 Principles of the Plan................................................................................................................................. 68 8.3 Content of the Plan .................................................................................................................................... 69 8.3.1 Activities Supported by GGR ......................................................................................................... 69 8.3.2 Activities supported by local governments..................................................................................... 70 8.3.3 Measures to Control the potential negative impact......................................................................... 72 8.4 Fund Sources and Management Institutions.............................................................................................. 73 8.5 Fund Budget and Application .................................................................................................................... 73 8.6 Cases of EMDP ......................................................................................................................................... 75 8.6.1 Case 1 ............................................................................................................................................
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