Volume 4-2:2011
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JSEALS Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society Managing Editor: Paul Sidwell (Pacific Linguistics, Canberra) Editorial Advisory Board: Mark Alves (USA) George Bedell (Thailand) Marc Brunelle (Canada) Gerard Diffloth (Cambodia) Marlys Macken (USA) Brian Migliazza (USA) Keralapura Nagaraja (India) Peter Norquest (USA) Amara Prasithrathsint (Thailand) Martha Ratliff (USA) Sophana Srichampa (Thailand) Justin Watkins (UK) JSEALS is the peer-reviewed journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, and is devoted to publishing research on the languages of mainland and insular Southeast Asia. It is an electronic journal, distributed freely by Pacific Linguistics (www.pacling.com) and the JSEALS website (jseals.org). JSEALS was formally established by decision of the SEALS 17 meeting, held at the University of Maryland in September 2007. It supersedes the Conference Proceedings, previously published by Arizona State University and later by Pacific Linguistics. JSEALS welcomes articles that are topical, focused on linguistic (as opposed to cultural or anthropological) issues, and which further the lively debate that characterizes the annual SEALS conferences. Although we expect in practice that most JSEALS articles will have been presented and discussed at the SEALS conference, submission is open to all regardless of their participation in SEALS meetings. Papers are expected to be written in English. Each paper is reviewed by at least two scholars, usually a member of the Advisory Board and one or more independent readers. Reviewers are volunteers, and we are grateful for their assistance in ensuring the quality of this publication. As an additional service we also admit data papers, reports and notes, subject to an internal review process. JSEALS is published twice a year. Papers can be submitted to the Managing Editor, electronically ([email protected] or [email protected]) at any time. Contents SEALS News iv Papers Southern Sui: a Fourth Sui Dialect Andy Castro 1 Serial Verb Constructions and Modal Doubling in Hong Kong Hokkien Yin Ling Cheung 32 Quantifiers in Thai Kitima Indrambarya 46 Tonal OCP and consonant-tone interaction in Thai Seunghun J. Lee 60 Voluntariness and Spontaneity in Thai Makoto Minegishi 76 Language Ideologies of Ethnic Orthography in a Multilingual State: the Case of Ethnic Thái Orthographies in Vietnam Yukti Mukdawijitra 93 A 50year comparison of regional dialect variation in the Sui language. James N. Stanford 120 JSEALS Forum ProtoKhasian and Khasi-Palaungic Sidwell, Paul 144 The Group Pnaric-War-Lyngngam and Khasi as a Branch of Pnaric Daladier, Anne 169 iii SEALS News The 21st Southeast Asian Linguistics Society annual meeting was successfully conducted at Kasetsart University, Bangkok, May 11-13. Many thanks to Aj. Kitima Indrambarya and her staff for doing a great job. One important development was that the Business Meeting resolved to begin the process of formalizing the structure and membership of the Society, which until now has been merely a name attached to the annual meetings. An Executive, consisting of Aj. Kitima Indrambarya, Mathias Jenny and Paul Sidwell, was elected and charged with drafting a Statement of Purpose, which individual scholars will be invited to endorse as a condition of being listed in the new membership registry. This marks an important first step in creating an independent professional body that can represent the community of scholars concerned with Southeast Asian Languages and Linguistics. The Statement of Purpose (also now online at jseals.org) is as follows: 1) The Southeast Asian Linguistics Society (SEALS, also the Society) is formed for the purpose of facilitating and promoting contact and communication among scholars and students of Southeast Asian Linguistics, and for the dissemination of their scholarly works. 2) The members of the Society advocate the documentation, study, analysis, teaching and maintenance of Southeast Asian Languages. 3) To these ends, the Society undertakes: a) to hold international meetings, normally annually, and in a manner that provides reasonable opportunity for scholars and students from Southeast Asia to participate b to publish a journal, and such other publications and communications as deemed appropriate, in order to provide opportunity for the presentation of scholarly research and documentation on Southeast Asian Languages c) to maintain a website as a point of contact and information d) to maintain appropriate academic standards in meetings and publications, principally by means of peer review of papers and abstracts 4) The Society accepts as members those persons who, in good faith, make a declaration of endorsement of this statement of purpose. In order to endorse the Statement of Purpose, please send an email to me <[email protected]> and your details will be entered into the registry. Next SEALS Meeting The business meeting also accepted the proposal to hold the 22nd meeting at Agay in France in 2012. Deth Thach (INaLCO, Paris) presented a detailed proposal for the meeting to be held in this beautiful seaside resort town between May 30 and June 2. Supporting institutions include: • Institut des Sciences Humaines et Sociales • Structure et Dynamique des Langues • Institut Nationale des Langues et Civilisations Orientales • Langues et Civilisation à Tradition Orale • Centre Asie du Sud-Est iv • Institut de Recherche sur le Sud-Est Asiatique/Maison Asie-Pacifique - Université de Provence • Institut de Recherche pour le Développement The deadline for abstracts if February 1st 2012, please check the website (jseals.org) for more information. SEALS Archives The business meeting also resolved to create an online archive of documentation and handouts from previous SEALS meetings, and the enthusiastic Elisabeth Ginsburg was elected to the position of SEALS Archivist. Elisabeth has already been busily attending to her new role, and extensive documentation is now available under Conference Archives at jseals.org. Indexing of abstracts Another item that will be keenly welcomed by contributors to this journal, important strides have been made towards improving the profile and discoverability of JEALS papers. Both Linguistics & Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) and EBSCOhost™ databases will now be indexing JSEALS, with the latter providing full text access to subscribing institutions. This will begin in 2012, and will include all issues since we began as a journal 4 years ago. This is a great step forward for discovery and access for JSEALS that will benefit everyone. SEALS book reviews JSEALS has begun receiving unsolicited books for review. Initially I have taken the approach of advertising these on the SEALS facebook page, and this has successfully resulted in drumming up offers to review. We will trial this for a reasonable time and discuss it at subsequent business meetings. I would expect reviewers to be notional members of SEALS, and for reviews to be submitted within 3 months, at minimum 1000 words for regular books, 2000 words for large books, no upper limit. Reviews are be expected to be more than long book notices, but offer some critical insight. Unsolicited ferviews are also welcome, as long as the books relate to our area of interest. JSEALS Forum Finally, this issue experiments with a new section called JSEALS Forum , in which scholars are given a chance to freely discuss and challenge each other over a particular topic. The idea arose after Anne Daladier of CNRS (Paris) privately challenged my presentation concerning the history Khasian languages given at this year’s SEALS meeting in Bangkok. After negotiation, we agreed to draft papers, then exchange drafts and add or incorporate critiques of each other’s papers. These are not externally peer reviewed, only internally reviewed, the purpose being to facilitate timely robust debate and discussion with minimal restrictions. We hope that this will stimulate others to take advantage of the opportunity to do something similar in future, and discussions on any topic within the scope of JSEALS are invited. Paul Sidwell Managing Editor December 2011 v SOUTHERN SUI: A FOURTH SUI DIALECT 1 Andy Castro Guizhou University and SIL International <[email protected]> 0 Abstract Previous research claims that Sui can be divided into three dialect areas and that intelligibility both between and within these dialects is high (SDB 1956; Zhang 1980; Zeng 2004; Stanford 2007). This paper presents a historical comparison of previously published Sui dialect data with new data collected by the author, using Thurgood’s (1988) Proto- Kam-Sui (PKS), Zeng’s (1994) reconstruction of Proto-Sui initials, and data from Kam varieties to track phonemic innovations. Shared phonological innovations, in addition to lexical similarity counts, indicate that part of the area formerly classified as “Sandong dialect” should be considered a distinct, fourth dialect area, which the author calls “Southern Sui”. Anecdotal low intelligibility between Southern Sui and the Sandong dialect spoken further north supports this proposal. Interestingly, and surely not coincidentally, the geographical area covered by Southern Sui largely corresponds to the homeland of a subset of Sui people who celebrate the “ Maox” festival instead of the “Dwac ” festival celebrated by almost all other Sui. Key words: Classification, dialectology, Kam-Sui 1 Introduction The Sui live in southeastern Guizhou province, China, concentrated in Sandu Sui Autonomous County and its locale. Sui is typically classified