PALAEOHISTORIA ACTA ET COMMUNICATIONES INSTITUTI ARCHAEOLOGICI UNIVERSITATIS GRONINGANAE 61/62 (2019/2020) University of Groningen / Groningen Institute of Archaeology & Barkhuis Groningen 2021 Editorial staff P.A.J. Attema, E. Bolhuis, R.T.J. Cappers, P.D. Jordan, F. Kramer (Editorial Coordinator), M.A. Los-Weijns, S. Needs-Howarth (Copy Editor), D.C.M. Raemaekers, S. Voutsaki Drawing office S.E. Boersma, E. Bolhuis (Coordinator), M.A. Los-Weijns, S. Tiebackx Address University of Groningen Groningen Institute of Archaeology Poststraat 6 9712 ER Groningen The Netherlands [email protected] Website www.palaeohistoria.nl DOI: https://doi.org/10.21827/5beaafbcc2bf2 Publisher’s address Barkhuis Kooiweg 38 9761 GL Eelde The Netherlands [email protected] www.barkhuis.nl Typesetting Hannie Steegstra Cover design S.E. Boersma Cover A decorated Late Postclassic Mixtec human skull from Teotitlán del Camino, Oaxaca, Mexico, possibly dating to c.1400–1520 CE. The type of adhesive used to affix the mosaic to the skull raised some doubts about the authenticity of the object. Photo P. Erdil. (Collection Nationaal Museum van Wereldculturen. Coll.No. RV-4007-1.) ISSN 0552-9344 ISBN 9789493194298 Copyright © 2021 Groningen Institute of Archaeology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronical, mechanical, by photocopying, record- ing or otherwise, without prior written permission from the Groningen Institute of Archaeology, University of Groningen. Although all care is taken to ensure the integrity and quality of this publication and the information herein, no reponsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the authors for any damage to property or persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein. Contents In memoriam Piet Kooi W.A.B. van der Sanden ........................................................................................................... 1 Bibliography of Piet Kooi Kirsten van der Ploeg ............................................................................................................... 5 In memoriam Harm Tjalling Waterbolk Archaeologist with a passion for nature and landscape J. Bazelmans & J. Kolen ............................................................................................................9 Bibliography of H.T. Waterbolk .............................................................................................. 16 Super interesting black hole? The micromorphology of organic materials in a Mesolithic hearth pit feature from the site of Soest-Staringlaan (the Netherlands) D.J. Huisman & L.A. Tebbens .................................................................................................. 27 Fossilized fashion and social sparkle Dutch Bronze Age bracelets in context S. Arnoldussen & H. Steegstra ................................................................................................43 A pilot study on coarse ware ceramic fabrics from the Ayios Vasileios Survey Project (Greece) G.J.M. van Oortmerssen & C.W. Wiersma ............................................................................... 111 Tracing the Final Bronze Age–Early Iron Age transition Groningen Institute of Archaeology settlement excavations in the Sibaritide, 2018-2019 P.M. van Leusen & F. Ippolito ............................................................................................... 141 Grave goods from Sveta Lucija (Slovenia) in Groningen (the Netherlands) Contextualising old study collections Albert J. Nijboer .................................................................................................................. 169 Terra sigillata in southern Latium The evidence from the Pontine Region Project, 1987-2014 G.W. Tol, T.C.A. de Haas & P.A.J. Attema .............................................................................. 203 Isolated and backward Westerwolde (Groningen, the Netherlands)? A confrontation of archaeological and historical data from the Middle Ages in a wider geographical context Henny A. Groenendijk & Remi van Schaïk ............................................................................273 Radiocarbon-based investigations into the authenticity of Mesoamerican artefacts in museum contexts P. Erdil, M. Kuitems, M. Berger & M.W. Dee .......................................................................... 345 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21827/602fcb31ccbfb In memoriam Harm Tjalling Waterbolk Archaeologist with a passion for nature and landscape 18 May 1924 – 27 September 2020 Fig. 1. In 2013, former students and colleagues presented Tjalling Waterbolk with an academic portrait of himself, painted by Max Stokvis, show- ing one of the Roman house plans from Peelo in the background. This painting now hangs in the Faculty of Arts Room in the Academy Building of Groningen University (© University Museum, University of Groningen). On September 27, 2020, Prof. Harm Tjalling (Tjalling) long-term development of cultural landscapes in con- Waterbolk passed away in his hometown of Haren junction with nature, he left his mark on the discip- (province of Groningen), at the age of 96. Tjalling line of archaeology and on landscape and nature man- Waterbolk is generally regarded as one the most agement both in and outside of the Netherlands for important post–Second World War archaeologists in more than 70 years. Tjalling Waterbolk was professor the Netherlands. With his broad interest in the prehis- of Prehistorie en Germaanse archeologie (prehistory and toric societies of Europe and the Near East, and in the Germanic archaeology) at the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Palaeohistoria 61/62 (2019/2020), 9-26 10 In memoriam Harm Tjalling Waterbolk (Uni versity of Groningen) between 1954 and 1987 and for his passion for nature through membership in director of the Biologisch-Archaeologisch Instituut an association. In 1942, he became a member of the (BAI; later Groninger Instituut voor Archeologie/ Nederlandse Jeugdbond voor Natuurstudie (NJN; Dutch Groningen Institute of Archaeology) during the same Youth Association for Nature Study), whose members period. His publication list numbers more than 320 included fellow university students – and not just biol- titles, including 7 monographs, 12 edited volumes and a ogists – as well as high school students. At the NJN, long list of publications for both a specialized scientific Tjalling met his future wife, Mien van Rooijen, who audience and the interested public (this contribution would often assist and supplement him in his research, 9-19). During his career, he built an impressive interna- as a pollen analyst. In 1942, Tjalling also for the first time tional network of colleagues and friends, in countries encountered the new field of plant sociology. This field including Germany, Denmark, the United Kingdom, was mainly developed by the Swiss botanist J. Braun- Switzerland, France, the United States and Japan. Blanquet (1884-1980). Braun-Blanquet developed a method to arrive at specific plant communities or asso- Tjalling was born on May 18, 1924, in the village of ciations based on botanical field recordings and system- Havelte, in the Dutch province of Drenthe, the son atic comparison, such as the Oak-Birch forest (Querceto- of Albert Waterbolk, scion of a Groningen family and Betuletum) and Bluegrass associations (Molinietum). municipal clerk of Havelte, and Margje Dalsum, a nurse A separate plant sociology working group was set born in Havelte but trained in Amsterdam. Although up at the NJN, which in 1947 organized a study trip to the family had a special position in the farming com- Switzerland under the leadership of former member munity, Tjalling and his brother Jan Nicolaas had a real and Tjalling’s ‘teacher’ Victor Westhoff (1916-2001; on rural youth. Havelte was a typical so-called esdorp – a Westhoff, see Saris 2018). During this trip, Tjalling and small village with large arable fields – with an envir- his companions paid a visit to Braun-Blanquet. The trip onment of open fields, forests and heathland. Both his made a great impression on Tjalling and Mien, and from father and his mother had a keen interest in birds and that moment on, plant sociology was indispensable as a wild and cultivated plants, and they provided a stimulus component of Tjalling’s interdisciplinary research. for Tjalling to take an interest in nature from a young age. His interest in the historical landscape was further At the NJN, Tjalling also came into close contact with nurtured by his father, who in 1934 published a book Tjeerd van Andel (1923-2010), who would later become on the history of Havelte (Waterbolk 1934). Tjalling a professor at Stanford University and University of was an intelligent and quick student, who completed Cambridge. According to Tjalling, this contact was the last part of his primary school education at a spe- responsible for a first change of direction in his career cial school in Meppel, 10 km from Havelte, to be pre- choice. Van Andel had been an assistant to the Groningen pared for the Gymnasium Celeanum in Zwolle, which archaeology professor Albert Egges van Giffen, but he was even farther from his parental home. Later, how- had just decided to switch to studying geology. He intro- ever, it would turn out that especially his youth in the duced Tjalling to Van Giffen as his successor. Van Giffen Drenthe