PENEBANGAN LIAR DI TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING Update Laporan ‘Final Cut’

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PENEBANGAN LIAR DI TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING Update Laporan ‘Final Cut’ environmental investigation agency ILLEGAL LOGGING IN TANJUNG PUTING NATIONAL PARK An Update on The Final Cut Report PENEBANGAN LIAR DI TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING Update Laporan ‘Final Cut’ www.eia-international.org Introduction If a Introduction Pengantar government ignores its Orangutans are disappearing, their forest Orangutan menuju kepunahan, hutan yang homes are being destroyed, and scientists are menjadi ‘rumah’ mereka semakin menyusut, true assets raising their status to ‘endangered’. Why should dan para ilmuwan mengangkat status and lets them we care? The answer is, of course, that every kerentanan mereka menjadi ‘terancam punah’. be plundered high profile species such as an orangutan is our Mengapa kita harus peduli? Tentu saja, indicator of the ecological health of the area in jawabannya adalah bahwa semua spesies besar by criminals which it lives. The plight of the few remaining seperti orangutan adalah indikator kesehatan and thieves orangutans, Asia’s only great ape, tells us that ekologis dari kawasan tempat tinggal mereka. then it Indonesia’s forests are sick. Sick with Kondisi buruk dari orangutan – satu-satunya ignores the corruption, money-politics, greed, violence, and kera besar di Asia – yang tersisa, menunjukkan self-interest. And the sad fact, borne out by the bahwa hutan Indonesia dalam keadaan rusak. very basis of inaction of President Wahid’s government, is Rusak karena korupsi, politik uang, kerakusan, civil society that nobody seems to have the courage to care. praktek-praktek kekerasan, dan egoisme The forests of Indonesia provide valuable pribadi. Dan fakta yang menyedihkan, resources to local communities, to wildlife that tampak dari kepasifan pemerintahan Presiden can generate valuable future income, and to Abdurrahman Wahid, adalah bahwa tak regional and national treasuries through tariffs seorang pun memiliki keberanian untuk peduli. and taxes. The forests protect the land from Hutan Indonesia menyediakan sumberdaya erosion and play a vital role in the provision of berlimpah untuk komunitas lokal, untuk fresh water. If a government ignores its true kehidupan liar yang bisa menghasilkan rezeki assets and lets them be plundered by criminals berlimpah pada masa depan, dan untuk and thieves – even if some of these are kekayaan daerah dan nasional melalui tarif powerful people – then it ignores the very basis dan pajak. Hutan melindungi tanah dari erosi of civil society. dan memainkan peranan penting sebagai The situation is so serious that credible pemasok air bersih. Bila suatu pemerintahan estimates of illegal logging in Indonesia suggest mengabaikan asetnya dan membiarkannya that 70 per cent of timber supplied to the dijarah – yang justru biasanya adalah orang- processing sector comes from illegal logging. orang yang berkuasa – maka ia telah This means that 70 per cent of the industry mengabaikan prinsip-prinsip masyarakat sipil avoids taxes and tariffs while uncontrollably yang paling dasar. denuding vast tracts of land. One and half Situasi kehutanan Indonesia sangat million hectares of forest has been cleared every gawat karena perkiraan yang bisa dipercaya year for the past 15 years according to recent mengenai penebangan liar di Indonesia estimates from new mapping data. menunjukkan bahwa 70% kayu yang dipasok In August 1999 EIA and Telapak Indonesia ke sektor pengolahan berasal dari penebangan published ‘The Final Cut’, launched a campaign liar. Ini berarti bahwa 70% dari industri itu and showed the commercial illegal logging of menghindari pajak dan tarif, dan sementara Tanjung Puting National Park to millions of itu, telah terjadi penggundulan hutan tanpa television viewers in Indonesia and around the kendali secara besar-besaran. Satu setengah world. This world-renowned area is the only juta hektar hutan ditebang tiap tahun dalam protected area for orangutans in Central 15 tahun terakhir menurut perkiraan terakhir Kalimantan. We named the culprits. We dari data pemetaan baru. provided dossiers to the police and the Ministry Pada bulan Agustus 1999 EIA dan Telapak of Forestry and Estate Crops. We returned to Indonesia menerbitkan ‘The Final Cut’, Tanjung Puting on a further six investigations melancarkan kampanye dan menyiarkan after the launch. We presented the evidence to praktek penebangan liar berskala komersial the then Governor of the province. di Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting dan Taman The international donor community Nasional Gunung Leuser kepada jutaan through the Consultative Group on Indonesia penonton televisi di Indonesia dan di seluruh raised the issue with our evidence at an dunia. Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting yang important seminar in January 2000. The terkenal di dunia itu merupakan satu-satunya national and international media continued to kawasan lindung bagi orangutan di Kalimantan show considerable interest in the issue with Tengah. Kami membeberkan nama para some Indonesian journalists carrying out their pelaku penebangan liar. Kami memberikan own investigations. When EIA and Telapak 2 Introduction nama-nama tersebut kepada pihak Kepolisian photo left dan Departemen Kehutanan dan Perkebunan. Illegal logging in Setelah peluncuran kampanye, kami kembali Gunung Leuser melakukan enam kali investigasi di Tanjung National Park Puting, dan memaparkan bukti-bukti yang Penebangan liar ditemukan kepada Gubernur Kalimantan di Taman Nasional Tengah pada masa itu. Gunung Leuser Dalam seminar Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI) pada bulan Januari 2000, komunitas donor internasional mengangkat isu ini dengan bukti-bukti temuan kami. Media nasional dan internasional semakin menunjukkan minat yang besar terhadap isu ini. Sejumlah wartawan Indonesia bahkan melakukan penyelidikan mereka sendiri. Ketika personil EIA dan Telapak dianiaya, diancam dan dicegah agar tidak meninggalkan Pangkalanbun pada awal 2000, dunia disuguhi tayangan sekilas tentang mengapa taman nasional itu dihancurkan secara terang- terangan di hadapan aparat dan pejabat pemerintah. Banyak pejabat daerah yang sudah dibeli. © A. Ruwindrijarto – EIA/Telapak Tidaklah mengherankan bila pandangan dunia terhadap Kalimantan Tengah menjadi personnel were viciously assaulted, threatened sangat buruk. Propinsi itu begitu dikuasai oleh with murder and prevented from leaving iklim korupsi, mengingat si penjarah kayu Pangkalanbun in early 2000 the world was nomor wahid justru terpilih mewakili rakyat given a snapshot of why the park is being daerah itu sebagai anggota Majelis blatantly destroyed in front of officials and Permusyawaratan Rakyat. the government. Many local officials have Nasib Tanjung Puting menjadi batu ujian been bought. bagi pemerintah, yang mengaku memiliki World opinion of Central Kalimantan is komitmen untuk memberantas korupsi dan deservedly at an all time low. The province is so telah berjanji kepada lembaga-lembaga donor controlled by corruption that the main timber internasional untuk secepatnya menghentikan thief has been elevated to represent its people in penebangan liar, terutama di Taman-Taman the highest parliamentary body in Indonesia – Nasional. Tidak perlu dipertanyakan tentang the Peoples’ Consultative Assembly (MPR). apa yang terjadi, siapa tokoh yang berada The fate of Tanjung Puting is a test case for dibelakangnya, dan tidak perlu didiskusikan a government that claims to be committed to tentang ketiadaan hukum yang tercipta. Yang fighting corruption and has made promises to perlu dipertanyakan adalah apakah pemerintah its international donors that it will tackle illegal memiliki keberanian untuk bertindak. logging immediately, especially in National Tanjung Puting memberikan kesempatan Parks. There is no question of what is bagi pemerintahan ini untuk menangkap sang happening, no question of who is behind it, raja penjarah kayu, membasmi korupsi di and no question of the lawlessness it creates. tingkat lokal dan memberikan masa depan bagi The only question is whether the government masyarakat setempat. Bila mereka tidak has the courage to move in. mampu melakukannya di Tanjung Puting, di Dave Currey Tanjung Puting provides an opportunity for mana masalahnya relatif jelas, maka tiada lagi Director this government to hold the timber baron masa depan bagi sumberdaya hutan Indonesia The Environmental accountable, root out local corruption and yang begitu berharga. Orangutan, satu-satunya Investigation provide a future for the local communities. spesies kera besar Asia memberikan peringatan Agency If they can’t do that in Tanjung Puting where kepada semua kita – segeralah bertindak atau segala sesuatunya menjadi terlambat. A. Ruwindrijarto the issues are relatively clear, then Indonesia’s Executive Director precious forest resources have no future. Asia’s Telapak Indonesia only great ape is warning us all – act now or it will be too late. July 2000 3 Illegal logging © Dave Currey – EIA photo above Indonesia’s Illegal Forest fires have Epidemi Penebangan devastated vast areas Logging Epidemic Liar di Indonesia of Indonesia Kebakaran hutan telah The Indonesian archipelago contains ten per Sepuluh persen dari hutan tropis dunia berada merusak kawasan cent of the world’s tropical forest cover, di Indonesia, dan menjadi habitat penting bagi yang luas sekali di providing vital habitat for a unique array of keanekaragaman hayati yang unik(1). Meski Indonesia biodiversity(1). Yet the systematic plundering of demikian, penggundulan hutan yang sistematik these forests for short-term profit is accelerating demi keuntungan jangka pendek, mempercepat the country towards an environmental kehancuran
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