DOCSLIB.ORG

Arctic Ocean Mysids (Crustacea, Mysidacea): Evolution, Composition, and Distribution 373 V

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Arctic Ocean Mysids (Crustacea, Mysidacea): Evolution, Composition, and Distribution 373 V THE ARCTIC SEAS CI imatology, Oceanography, Geology, and Biology Edited by Yvonne Herman IOm51 VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD COMPANY ~ -----New York This work relates to Department of the Navy Grant NOOOI4-85- G-0252 issued by the Office of Naval Research. The United States Government has a royalty-free license throughout the world in all copyrightable material contained herein. Copyright © 1989 by Van Nostrand Reinhold Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 88-33800 ISBN-13 :978-1-4612-8022-4 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-0677-1 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0677-1 All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means-graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems-without written permission of the publisher. Designed by Beehive Production Services Van Nostrand Reinhold 115 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 10003 Van Nostrand Reinhold (International) Limited 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE, England Van Nostrand Reinhold 480 La Trobe Street Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia Nelson Canada 1120 Birchmount Road Scarborough, Ontario MIK 5G4, Canada 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data The Arctic Seas. Includes index. 1. Oceanography-Arctic Ocean. 2. Geology-ArctiC Ocean. 1. Herman, Yvonne. GC401.A76 1989 551.46'8 88-33800 ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-8022-4 For Anyu Contents Preface / vii Contributors / ix 1. The Present Climate of the Arctic Ocean and Possible Past and Future States 1 R. G. Barry 2. Arctic Ice-Ocean Dynamics 47 W. D. Hibler III 3. Chemical Oceanography of the Arctic Ocean 93 L. Anderson and D. Dyrssen 4. Polar Marine Ecosystem Evolution 115 M. J. Dunbar 5. Arctic Sea-Ice Biota 123 R. A. Horner 6. Primary Production, Chlorophyll, Light, and Nutrients Beneath the Arctic Sea Ice 147 O. G. N. Andersen 7. Arctic Ocean Phytoplankton 193 B. R. Heimdal 8. Foraminifera and Pteropoda Beneath the Arctic Sea Ice: New Distributions 223 Y. Herman and O. G. N. Andersen 9. Ecology of Arctic Ocean Cryopelagic Fauna 235 I. A. Mel'nikov 10. Evolution of Arctic Ecosystems During the Neogene Period 257 A. N. Golikov and o. A. Scarlato 11. Distributional Patterns of Echinoderms in the Eurasian Sector of the Arctic Ocean 281 N. A. Anisimova 12. Marine Bivalvia of the Arctic Ocean 303 V. V. Fedyakov and A. D. Naumov 13. Arctic Ocean Gastropod Prosobranchs 325 A. N. Golikov 14. Arctic Ocean Bryozoa 341 V. I. Gontar and N. V. Denisenko 15. Arctic Ocean Mysids (Crustacea, Mysidacea): Evolution, Composition, and Distribution 373 V. V. Petryashov v vi Contents 16. Hydrozoa of the Eurasian Arctic Seas 397 S. D. Stepanjants 17. Arctic Ocean Cumacea 431 S. V. Vassilenko 18. Quarternary Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy: The Eastern Arctic Ocean Record 445 C. Card 19. Arctic Ocean Radiolarians 461 S. B. Kruglikova 20. Diatoms in Arctic Shallow Seas Sediments 481 E. I. Polyakova 21. Ecology of Recent Foraminifera on the Canadian Continental Shelf of the Arctic Ocean 497 C. Vilks 22. Thorium and Uranium Isotopes in Arctic Sediments 571 B. L. K. Somayajulu, P. Sharma, and Y. Herman 23. Late Neogene Arctic Paleoceanography: Micropaleontology, Stable Isotopes, and Chronology 581 Y. Herman, f. K. Osmond, and B. L. K. Somayajulu 24. Sediment Composition and Sedimentary Processes in the Arctic Ocean 657 D. A. Darby, A. S. Naidu, T. C. Mowatt, and C. A. Jones 25. Late Cenozoic Stratigraphy and Paleoceanography of the Barents Sea 721 V. S. Zarkhidze and Yu. C. Samoilovich 26. The Last Glaciation of Eurasia 729 A. A. Velitchko, L. L. Isayeva, D. B. Oreshkin, and M. A. Faustova 27. Geological and Paleoclimatic Evolution of the Arctic During Late Cenozoic Time 759 I. D. Danilov 28. Organic Geochemistry of Barents Sea Sediments 761 A. N. Belyaeva, A. 1. Daniushevskaya, and E. A. Romankevich 29. Physiography and Bathymetry of the Arctic Ocean Seafloor 797 J. R. Weber 30. Tectonic History of the Arctic Region from the Ordovician Through the Cretaceous 829 L. P. Zonenshain and L. M. Napatov Index / 863 15: Arctic Ocean Mysids (Crustacea, Mysidacea): Evolution, Composition, and Distribution V. v. Petryashov INTRODUCTION ment of present-day water circulation in the Northern Hemisphere. Forty species of mysids belonging to 20 genera, 2 families, and 1 suborder have been described from the Arctic Ocean. PREVIOUS STUDIES These species belong to 5 biogeographic groups. There is a decline in the number Studies of the Arctic Ocean Mysidacea (re­ of species northward and eastward of the stricted to the area north of the Wyville­ adjacent Atlantic boreal waters (from 27 to Thomson Ridge, the southern coast of the 4 or 3 species) and a slight increase in the Baffin Bay, the eastern part of the Hudson area of mixing of Arctic and Pacific waters Strait, and the Bering Strait) commenced (up to 5 species). Atlantic boreal and am­ in the first half of the nineteenth century. phiboreal species are predominant in the Ross (1835) mentioned Praunus (= Mysis) Norwegian Sea, the southwestern part of flexuosus in his work on marine inverte­ the Barents Sea, and the Greenland Sea; brates collected during his second voyage Pacific boreal species dominate in the to the Arctic regions. Further studies of Chukchi Sea off the Alaskan coast, and bo­ mysids from this area were carried out in real-Arctic and Arctic species dominate in the second half of the nineteenth century other areas of the Arctic Ocean. Species by Walker (1862), Jarzynsky (1870), Sars that belong to different biogeographic (1870), and Miers (1877). These investiga­ groups occur in specific water masses. The tions dealing with mysids collected mainly distributional patterns of the recent mysid in the Norwegian, Barents, and White seas fauna were established at the onset of the were followed by a study of Mysidacea off Postglacial transgression with the develop- the northwestern and northern coast of Alaska (Murdoch, 1885a,b). Simultane­ Note: This chapter has been reviewed, edited, and re­ ously intensive studies of mysids from written by the Editor, Yvonne Herman. the Norwegian, Greenland, and Barents 373 374 V V Pe~yashov seas as well as from the Baffin Bay com­ DISTRIBUTIONAL PATTERNS menced (Sars, 1885, 1886; Hansen, 1888, 1908; Aurivillius, 1896; Vanhoffen, 1897; Our results and literature data indicate Birula, 1897; Stebbing, 1900; Ohlin, 1901; that 40 species of mysids inhabit the Arctic Gerstaecker and Ortmann, 1901; Ort­ Ocean; they belong to 1 suborder, 2 famil­ mann, 1901). ies, and 20 genera. The number of species The results allowed Zimmer (1904, 1909) inhabiting the Arctic Ocean constitute 5 to draw the first conclusions concerning percent of the world fauna. the Arctic Mysidacea based on his study of Changes in species composition in dif­ 32 species from the Arctic Ocean within ferent sectors of the Arctic Ocean were the geographical limits mentioned above. analyzed. The degree of similarity of fau­ Studies by Linko (1907, 1908) off the north­ nas in these areas was determined using ern Russian coast and by Stephensen the Chekanovsky-S0rensen index (S0- (1912, 1913, 1918, 1933, 1938) in the rensen, 1948): seas surrounding Greenland were subse­ quently published. Investigations by Paul­ 2' C' 100% IC5 = ----­ son (1909), Kramp (1913), Bjorck (1916), D1 + D2 Schmitt (1919), Madsen (1936), Bertelsen (1937), Saemundsen (1937), and Dunbar and the degree of similarity of faunas was (1940) dealing with mysids or coastal determined using the Jaccard index (Jac­ plankton containing Mysidacea from Ice­ card, 1901): land, Greenland, and the North American coast should also be mentioned. During C·100% the last decades the Arctic Ocean mysids IJ = ----- D1 + D2 - C were studied by Holmquist (1949, 1958, 1959, 1963, 1982), Rusanova (1962, 1963, For the degree of inclusion of fauna of one 1971), and Kulikov (1980). In addition to area into the fauna of another region the the study of Arctic species, the investiga­ index of Shimkevich (Simpson, 1943) was tion of this group in other regions was un­ used: derway (Czerniavsky, 1887; Holt and Tat­ tersall, 1905; Illig, 1930; Tattersall, 1951; C'100% Mauchline, 1980; Mauchline and Murano, 15z5 = D· 1977). However, to date the study of the mm Central Arctic Basin mysids has been inad­ For these three equations, C is the number equate. of species in common, D1 and D2 are the numbers of species in the areas compared, and Dmin is the minimum number of spe­ MATERIAL AND METHODS cies in the areas compared (Dmin :5 Dm.x). The results of our calculations are given The results presented in this chapter are in Table 15-1. The data obtained indicate based on our studies of Mysidacea from a rapid decline in the number of species the collection of the Zoological Institute of northward and eastward from the adjacent the USSR Academy of Sciences (710 sam­ Atlantic boreal waters (from 27 to 4 to 3 ples containing 5,500 specimens were ana­ species) and a slight increase in the area of lyzed). Most of these samples were col­ mixing of Arctic and Pacific waters (up to lected with a Sigsbee dredge and a few 5 species). The mysids of the Norwegian were collected with a Djedy net. and southern regions of the Barents Sea Arctic Ocean Mysids 375 are of boreal character and differ from their II. Atlantic boreal species counterparts in other regions. The fauna of this area has close affinities with faunas of 1. Upper sublittoral ubiquitous boreal spe­ the coast of eastern Greenland and the cies: Neomysis integer, Praunus flexuosus, southern Baffin Bay (as far as 75°NL); P.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Weight-And Temperature-Dependent Model of Respiration in Praunus
    JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH j VOLUME 34 j NUMBER 7 j PAGES 642–645 j 2012 SHORT COMMUNICATION A weight- and temperature-dependent model of respiration in Praunus flexuosus (Crustacea, Mysidacea) Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/plankt/article/34/7/642/1465303 by guest on 01 October 2021 MARTIN OGONOWSKI*, KRISTOFFER ANDERSSON AND STURE HANSSON DEPARTMENT OF SYSTEMS ECOLOGY, STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY, SE-106 91 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN *CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: [email protected] Received February 1, 2012; accepted in principle March 15, 2012; accepted for publication March 20, 2012 Corresponding editor: Marja Koski The mysid shrimp Praunus flexuosus is common in littoral habitats in the Baltic Sea and other marine areas, but its bioenergetic characteristics have not been studied. We present the first model of its routine respiration rate as a function of size and a natural temperature range. The model explained 87% of the variance in respir- ation, indicating that it could be useful in a larger modeling framework. Specific respiration rates and temperature dependence were consistent with previous reports for this and other littoral mysids at low-to-moderate temperatures. Respiration at higher temperatures was lower, indicating that previous reports may have been biased by residual SDA (specific dynamic action) effects. Increased res- piration due to SDA was detectable over a longer period than previously reported, 30 h. KEYWORDS: respiration; Praunus flexuosus; fasting; specific dynamic action; routine metabolism compared with what are available for fish (Hanson INTRODUCTION et al., 1997). One important component of such models Mysids are a significant component of aquatic ecosys- is respiration, since it constitutes a major component in tems and are important links between different trophic the energy budget.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae in Confidence
    CURRICULUM VITAE IN CONFIDENCE Professor Lloyd Samuel Peck Overview Outstanding Antarctic scientist with leading international status. NERC Theme Leader and IMP, and over 250 refereed science papers, major reviews and book chapters. ISI H factor of 46, Google Scholar H factor of 53. Dynamic and inspirational leader of a large and diverse science programmes (BEA, LATEST and BIOFLAME) of around 30 science and support staff researching subjects from hard rock geology through biodiversity, ecology, physiology and biochemistry to molecular (genomic) biology. Twenty one years experience of strategic development of major science programmes, and subsequent management and direction of their science in the UK, Antarctica, the Arctic, temperate and tropical sites, on stations, ships, and field sites. Exceptional communicator. Royal Institution Christmas lecturer 2004. 15 televised lectures given in Japan, Korea and Brazil since 2005. Over 100 TV, radio and news interviews given in 10 years. Most recently major contributor to “A Licence to Krill” documentary (DOX productions). Over 35 keynote lectures, departmental seminars and other major presentations given since 2000. High quality University teaching record. Positions include Visiting Professor in Ecology, Sunderland University, and Visiting Lecturer, Cambridge University. Visiting Professor in Marine Biology, Portsmouth University, Deputy Chair Cambridge NERC DTP. Strong grant success record. In last 10 years: PI of BAS programmes valued over £2 million. PI or Co-I on 28 grants (total value of over £8 million). Over 50% success rate in grant applications. Integrated member of NERC science review processes for over 10 years. Member of NERC peer review college, and 6 years experience of Chairing grant panels.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrate ID Guide
    11/13/13 1 This book is a compilation of identification resources for invertebrates found in stomach samples. By no means is it a complete list of all possible prey types. It is simply what has been found in past ChesMMAP and NEAMAP diet studies. A copy of this document is stored in both the ChesMMAP and NEAMAP lab network drives in a folder called ID Guides, along with other useful identification keys, articles, documents, and photos. If you want to see a larger version of any of the images in this document you can simply open the file and zoom in on the picture, or you can open the original file for the photo by navigating to the appropriate subfolder within the Fisheries Gut Lab folder. Other useful links for identification: Isopods http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-33/htm/doc.html http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-48/htm/doc.html Polychaetes http://web.vims.edu/bio/benthic/polychaete.html http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-34/htm/doc.html Cephalopods http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-44/htm/doc.html Amphipods http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-67/htm/doc.html Molluscs http://www.oceanica.cofc.edu/shellguide/ http://www.jaxshells.org/slife4.htm Bivalves http://www.jaxshells.org/atlanticb.htm Gastropods http://www.jaxshells.org/atlantic.htm Crustaceans http://www.jaxshells.org/slifex26.htm Echinoderms http://www.jaxshells.org/eich26.htm 2 PROTOZOA (FORAMINIFERA) ................................................................................................................................ 4 PORIFERA (SPONGES) ............................................................................................................................................... 4 CNIDARIA (JELLYFISHES, HYDROIDS, SEA ANEMONES) ............................................................................... 4 CTENOPHORA (COMB JELLIES)............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Food Selection and Feeding Behaviour of Baltic Sea Mysid Shrimps
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto WALTER AND ANDRÉE DE NOTTBECK FOUNDATION SCIENTIFIC REPORTS No. 23 Food selection and feeding behaviour of Baltic Sea mysid shrimps MAIJU VIHERLUOTO Academic dissertation in Hydrobiology, to be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Science of the University of Helsinki, for public criticism in the Lecture hall of the Department of Ecology and Systematics, P. Rautatienkatu 13, Helsinki, on March 16th 2001, at 12 noon. HELSINKI 2001 This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to by their Roman numerals: I Viherluoto, M., Kuosa H., Flinkman, J. & Viitasalo, M. 2000: Food utilisation of pelagic mysids, Mysis mixta and M. relicta, during their growing season in the northern Baltic Sea. – Mar. Biol. 136: 553-559. II Viherluoto, M., Viitasalo, M. & Kuosa, H.: Growth rate variation in the pelagic mysid, Mysis mixta (Mysidacea); effect of food quality? – Submitted manuscript. III Viherluoto, M. & Viitasalo, M. 2000: Temporal variability in functional responses and prey selectivity of the pelagic mysid, Mysis mixta, in natural prey assemblages. – Mar. Biol. (In press.) IV Viherluoto, M. & Viitasalo, M.: Effect of light on the feeding rates of pelagic and littoral mysid shrimps: a trade-off between feeding success and predation avoidance. – Submit- ted manuscript. V Engström, J., Viherluoto, M. & Viitasalo, M. 2000: Effects of toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria on grazing, zooplanktivory and survival of the mysid shrimp Mysis mixta. – J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. (In press.) Papers I and III are reproduced by the kind permission of Springer-Verlag and paper V of Elsevier Science.
    [Show full text]
  • Web-ICE Aquatic Database Documentation
    OP-GED/BPRB/MB/2016-03-001 February 24, 2016 ICE Aquatic Toxicity Database Version 3.3 Documentation Prepared by: Sandy Raimondo, Crystal R. Lilavois, Morgan M. Willming and Mace G. Barron U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Gulf Ecology Division Gulf Breeze, Fl 32561 1 OP-GED/BPRB/MB/2016-03-001 February 24, 2016 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 3 2 Data Sources ........................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 ECOTOX ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC) ......................................................................... 4 2.3 Office of Pesticide Program (OPP) Ecotoxicity Database ................................................. 4 2.4 OPPT Premanufacture Notification (PMN) ...................................................................... 5 2.5 High Production Volume (HPV) ........................................................................................ 5 2.6 Mayer and Ellersieck 1986 ............................................................................................... 5 2.7 ORD ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Neomysis Integer (Leach, 1814)
    Neomysis integer (Leach, 1814) AphiaID: 120136 . Principais ameaças Sinónimos Mysis integer (Leach, 1814) Mysis scoticus J.V. Thompson, 1828 Mysis scotius J.V. Thompson, 1828 Mysis vulgaris J.V. Thompson, 1828 Neomysis vulgaris (J.V. Thompson, 1828) Praunus integer Leach, 1814 Referências basis of record van der Land, J.; Brattegard, T. (2001). Mysidacea, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 293-295 [details] additional source JAWED, M. (1969): Body nitrogen and nitrogenous excretion in Neomysis rayii Murdoch and Euphausia pacifica Hansen. – Limnol. Oceanogr., 14: 748-754 [details] additional source Schlacher T.A.; Wooldridge, T.H. (1995): Tidal influence on distribution and behaviour of the estuarine opossum shrimp Gastrosaccus brevifissura Changes in Fluxes in Estuaries, ECSA22/ERF Symposium, K.R. Dyer and R.J. Orth (eds), Olsen & Olsen, Denmark: 3 [details] 1 additional source VLIZ. (2001). Book of abstracts Vliz Toung Scientists day. VLIZ Special Publication 1. [details] additional source Hanamura, Y.; Kase, T. (2002). Marine cave mysids of the genus Palaumysis (Crustacea: Mysidacea), with a description of a new species from the Philippines. Journal of Natural History. 36: 253-263. [details] additional source Price, W. (2001). World list of Mysidacea. [details] additional source Müller, H. G. (1993). World catalogue and bibliography of the recent Mysidacea. 238p. [details] taxonomy source Norman, A.M. 1892 . On British Mysidae, a family of Crustacea Schizopoda. – Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., ser. 6, 10: 143-166, 242-263, 2pls, available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88260#page/157/mode/1up [details] additional source Wittmann, K.J.
    [Show full text]
  • (Culbin Sands, Moray Firth): Spatial and Temporal
    Zoological Studies 48(2): 196-214 (2009) Trophodynamics in a Shallow Lagoon off Northwestern Europe (Culbin Sands, Moray Firth): Spatial and Temporal Variability of Epibenthic Communities, Their Diets, and Consumption Efficiency Vanda Mariyam Mendonça1,*, David George Raffaelli2, Peter R. Boyle3, and Chas Emes3 1Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Gambelas 8000 Faro, Portugal 2Department of Environment, University of York, YO 105DD, UK 3Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, AB 41 2TT, UK (Accepted July 9, 2008) Vanda Mariyam Mendonça, David George Raffaelli, Peter R. Boyle, and Chas Emes (2009) Trophodynamics in a shallow lagoon off northwestern Europe (Culbin Sands, Moray Firth): Spatial and temporal variability of epibenthic communities, their diets, and consumption efficiency. Zoological Studies 48(2): 196-214. Epibenthic communities and their diets, at Culbin Sands (a cold-temperate coastal lagoon in the Moray Firth, northeastern Scotland), were sampled every 2-4 wks for 3 yrs (1994-1996). These communities were more abundant and diverse in warmer months, especially in less-exposed areas of the lagoon. The most common species were the brown shrimp Crangon crangon, the shore crab Carcinus maenas, and teleost fish (sandeel Ammodytes tobianus, sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus and Spinachia spinachia, seascorpion Myoxocephalus scorpius, gobies Pomatoschistus microps and Pomatoschistus minutus, flounder Platichthys flesus, and plaice Pleuronectes platessa). Diets of these epibenthic predators included benthic infauna (especially polychaetes Eteone longa, Pygospio elegans, and Fabricia sabella; oligochaetes Tubificoides benedini; isopods Eurydice pulchra; and bivalves Cerastoderma edule and Macoma balthica), small epibenthic organisms (amphipods especially Bathyporeia pilosa and Gammarus sp., and juvenile crabs Carcinus maenas and shrimp Crangon crangon), and zooplankton (harpacticoids, ostracods mostly Cypris sp., calanoid copepods, mysids Praunus flexuosus, and fish eggs and larvae).
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Assessment Survey of Marine Species at New England Bays and Harbors
    Report on the 2013 Rapid Assessment Survey of Marine Species at New England Bays and Harbors June 2014 CREDITS AUTHORED BY: Christopher D. Wells, Adrienne L. Pappal, Yuangyu Cao, James T. Carlton, Zara Currimjee, Jennifer A. Dijkstra, Sara K. Edquist, Adriaan Gittenberger, Seth Goodnight, Sara P. Grady, Lindsay A. Green, Larry G. Harris, Leslie H. Harris, Niels-Viggo Hobbs, Gretchen Lambert, Antonio Marques, Arthur C. Mathieson, Megan I. McCuller, Kristin Osborne, Judith A. Pederson, Macarena Ros, Jan P. Smith, Lauren M. Stefaniak, and Alexandra Stevens This report is a publication of the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Management (CZM) pursuant to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This publication is funded (in part) by a grant/cooperative agreement to CZM through NOAA NA13NOS4190040 and a grant to MIT Sea Grant through NOAA NA10OAR4170086. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its sub-agencies. This project has been financed, in part, by CZM; Massachusetts Bays Program; Casco Bay Estuary Partnership; Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership; the Rhode Island Bays, Rivers, and Watersheds Coordination Team; and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sea Grant College Program. Commonwealth of Massachusetts Deval L. Patrick, Governor Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs Maeve Vallely Bartlett, Secretary Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Bruce K. Carlisle, Director Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management 251 Causeway Street, Suite 800 Boston, MA 02114-2136 (617) 626-1200 CZM Information Line: (617) 626-1212 CZM Website: www.mass.gov/czm PHOTOS: Adriaan Gittenberger, Gretchen Lambert, Linsey Haram, and Hans Hillewaert ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The New England Rapid Assessment Survey was a collaborative effort of many individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Taxonomy of Mysids (Mysidacea : Crustacea)
    ECOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF MYSIDS (MYSIDACEA : CRUSTACEA) by Gwen Elizabeth Fenton, B.Sc.(Hons) submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA HOBART August 1985 Except as stated herein this thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university, and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by another person, except when due reference is made in the text of the thesis. /r1-4/071/ Gwen Fenton TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 PART A: TAXONOMY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE AUSTRALIAN MYSIDS 3 CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMY OF THE AUSTRALIAN MYSIDS 4 2.1 INTRODUCTION 4 2.1.1 BACKGROUND 4 2.1.2 HISTORICAL RECORD OF MYSID TAXONOMY IN AUSTRALIA 8 2.2 LIST OF THE AUSTRALIAN MYSID SPECIES 11 2.3 SYSTEMATICS 15 2.3.1 SUB-ORDER LOPHOGASTRIDA 15 2.3.1.1 Family LOPHOGASTRIDAE 16 i) Genus Gnathophausia 16 G.ingens 17 2.3.2 SUB-ORDER MYSIDA 17 KEY TO THE GENERA KNOWN FROM AUSTRALIA IN THE SUB-ORDER MYSIDA 19 2.3.2.1 Family PETALOPHTHALMIDAE 31 i) Genus Petalophthalmus 31 P.australis 32 2.3.2.2 Family MYSIDAE 32 2.3.2.2.1 Sub-Family BOREOMYSINAE 33 i) Genus Boreomysis 33 B.sibogae 33 2.3.2.2.2 Sub-Family SIRIELLINAE 34 i) Genus Hemisiriella 34 Key to the Australian Species of 34 Hemisiriella FILarl_La.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on Baltic Sea Mysids
    Studies on Baltic Sea mysids Martin Ogonowski Department of Systems Ecology Stockholm University Doctoral thesis in Marine Ecology Martin Ogonowski, [email protected] Department of Systems Ecology Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ©Martin Ogonowski, Stockholm 2012 ISBN 978-91-7447-510-4 Printed in Sweden by US-AB, Stockholm 2012 Distributor: Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University Cover and chapter dividers: ©Ruggero Maramotti Abstract Mysid shrimps (Mysidacea, Crustacea) are efficient zooplanktivores in both marine and freshwater systems as well as lipid rich prey for many species of fish. Although some efforts have been made to study the role of mysids in the Baltic Sea, very few studies have been carried out in recent time and there are still knowledge gaps regarding various aspects of mysid ecology. This thesis aims to explore some of these gaps by covering a mixture of topics. Using multifrequency hydroacoustics we explored the possibility to separate mysids from fish echoes and successfully established a promising and effective method for obtaining mysid abundance/biomass estimates (paper I). An investigation of the current mysid community in a coastal area of the northern Baltic proper (paper II) demonstrated that the formerly dominant, pelagic mysid Mysis mixta had decreased substantially (~50%) in favor for phytoplanktivorous, juvenile Neomysis integer and Mysis relicta sp. By examining different aspects of mysid behavior, we studied the vertical size distribution of mysids in the field and found that size increased with depth/declining light, irrespective of temperature; indicating that their vertical size distribution primarily is a response to predation (paper II). In paper III, a combination of ecological and genetic markers was used to investigate intraspecific differences in migratory tendency.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Review MYSID CRUSTACEANS AS POTENTIAL TEST ORGANISMS for the EVALUATION of ENVIRONMENTAL ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION: a REVIEW
    Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 1219±1234, 2004 Printed in the USA 0730-7268/04 $12.00 1 .00 Critical Review MYSID CRUSTACEANS AS POTENTIAL TEST ORGANISMS FOR THE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION: A REVIEW TIM A. VERSLYCKE,*² NANCY FOCKEDEY,³ CHARLES L. MCKENNEY,JR.,§ STEPHEN D. ROAST,\ MALCOLM B. JONES,\ JAN MEES,# and COLIN R. JANSSEN² ²Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium ³Department of Biology, Marine Biology Section, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium §U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA \School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Devon PL4 8AA, United Kingdom #Flanders Marine Institute, Vismijn Pakhuizen 45-52, B-8400 Ostend, Belgium (Received 20 June 2003; Accepted 29 September 2003) AbstractÐAnthropogenic chemicals that disrupt the hormonal systems (endocrine disruptors) of wildlife species recently have become a widely investigated and politically charged issue. Invertebrates account for roughly 95% of all animals, yet surprisingly little effort has been made to understand their value in signaling potential environmental endocrine disruption. This omission largely can be attributed to the high diversity of invertebrates and the shortage of fundamental knowledge of their endocrine systems. Insects and crustaceans are exceptions and, as such, appear to be excellent candidates for evaluating the environmental consequences of chemically induced endocrine disruption. Mysid shrimp (Crustacea: Mysidacea) may serve as a viable surrogate for many crustaceans and have been put forward as suitable test organisms for the evaluation of endocrine disruption by several researchers and regulatory bodies (e.g., the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Malacostracan Phylogeny and Evolution
    ERIK DAHL Department of Zoology, Lund, Sweden MALACOSTRACAN PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTION ABSTRACT Malacostracan ancestors were benthic-epibenthic. Evolution of ambulatory stenopodia prob- ably preceded specialization of natatory pleopods. This division of labor was the prere- quisite for the evolution of trunk tagmosis. It is concluded that the ancestral malacostracan was probably more of a pre-eumalacostracan than a phyllocarid type, and that the phyllo- carids constitute an early branch adapted for benthic life. The same is the case with the hoplocarids, here regarded as a separate subclass with eumalacostracan rather than phyllo- carid affinities, although that question remains open. The systematic concept Eumalaco- straca is here reserved for the subclass comprising the three caridoid superorders, Syncarida, Eucarida and Peracarida. The central caridoid apomorphy, proving the unity of caridoids, is the jumping escape reflex system, manifested in various aspects of caridoid morphology. The morphological evidence indicates that the Syncarida are close to a caridoid stem-group, and that the Eumalacostraca sensu stricto were derived from pre-syncarid ancestors. Ad- vanced hemipelagic-pelagic caridoids probably evolved independently within the Eucarida and Peracarida. 1 INTRODUCTION The differentiation of the major crustacean taxa must have taken place very early, pro- bably at least partly in the Precambrian (cf. Bergstrom 1980). Fronrthe Cambrian we have proof of the presence of branchiopods (Simonetta & Delle Cave 1980, Briggs 1976), ostra-
    [Show full text]