DOCSLIB.ORG

Quechua Language

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Quechua Language Quechua Language: Documenting Contemporary Revival and Maintenance Strategies Gabina Funegra A thesis in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Languages Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences August 2016 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ‘I hereby grant the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all proprietary rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstract International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). I have either used no substantial portions of copyright material in my thesis or I have obtained permission to use copyright material; where permission has not been granted I have applied/will apply for a partial restriction of the digital copy of my thesis or dissertation.' Signed ……………………………………………........................... Date ……………………………………………........................... AUTHENTICITY STATEMENT ‘I certify that the Library deposit digital copy is a direct equivalent of the final officially approved version of my thesis. No emendation of content has occurred and if there are any minor variations in formatting, they are the result of the conversion to digital format.’ Signed ……………………………………………........................... Date ……………………………………………........................... ORIGINALITY STATEMENT ‘I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project's design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged.’ Signed …………………………………………….............. Date …………………………………………….............. PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Funegra First name: gabina Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: School: Faculty: School of humanities and languages Arts and social Sciences Title: Quechua Language: Documenting Contemporary Revival and Maintenance Strategies Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) The ancient family of Quechua languages of the South American Andes is in a precarious situation, not because of numbers of speakers as such, but because of impediments to intergenerational transfer. This thesis, in two parts, is both reflexive and active. It endeavours to understand the history and context of the current ‘fading’ language, and then it studies and adopts strategies, in local and international contexts, that attempt to maintain and revitalise Quechua. As part of the research study, I visited three global locations: Cusco, Paris and New York, in order to investigate how people use a range of strategies to grow the Quechua language. The research draws on sociolinguistics, ethnographic methods and a range of other disciplines. This thesis is presented in two parts, a documentary film and a written thesis. As a Peruvian whose knowledge of her Quechua language and heritage was blocked by well-meaning parents who saw Spanish as the road to success, I embody the intergenerational problem this thesis tackles. As a documentary filmmaker, I sought to mobilise my skills in the production of a film as the creative part of this thesis. The making of the film across the three locations was intimately tied to the ongoing research in theory, method and practice. Inviting people (Quechua teachers, artists, media practitioners) to participate in the film and respond to it enabled them to become allies in the objective of this research: the promotion of Quechua as an attractive, interesting and vital language for future generations. Declaration relating to disposition of project thesis/dissertation I hereby grant to the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or in part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all property rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstracts International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). …………………………………………………………… ……………………………………..……………… ……….……………………...…….… Signature Witness Signature Date The University recognises that there may be exceptional circumstances requiring restrictions on copying or conditions on use. Requests for restriction for a period of up to 2 years must be made in writing. Requests for a longer period of restriction may be considered in exceptional circumstances and require the approval of the Dean of Graduate Research. FOR OFFICE USE ONLY Date of completion of requirements for Award: Abstract The ancient family of Quechua languages of the South American Andes is in a precarious situation, not because of numbers of speakers as such, but because of impediments to intergenerational transfer. This thesis, in two parts, is both reflexive and active. It endeavours to understand the history and context of the current ‘fading’ language, and then it studies and adopts strategies, in local and international contexts, that attempt to maintain and revitalise Quechua. As part of the research study, I visited three global locations: Cusco, Paris and New York, in order to investigate how people use a range of strategies to grow the Quechua language. The research draws on sociolinguistics, ethnographic methods and a range of other disciplines. This thesis is presented in two parts, a documentary film and a written thesis. As a Peruvian whose knowledge of her Quechua language and heritage was blocked by well- meaning parents who saw Spanish as the road to success, I embody the intergenerational problem this thesis tackles. As a documentary filmmaker, I sought to mobilise my skills in the production of a film as the creative part of this thesis. The making of the film across the three locations was intimately tied to the ongoing research in theory, method and practice. Inviting people (Quechua teachers, artists, media practitioners) to participate in the film and respond to it enabled them to become allies in the objective of this research: the promotion of Quechua as an attractive, interesting and vital language for future generations. 1 Table of Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 5 Table of Figures .......................................................................................................................... 6 Publications and films ................................................................................................................ 7 Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Rationale for the study .................................................................................................. 12 1.3 Motivation for the study ................................................................................................ 13 1.4 Research aims ................................................................................................................ 15 1.5 Organisation of the thesis .............................................................................................. 16 Chapter 2. Literature review .................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Film and media as a language revitalisation strategy .................................................... 18 2.2 The power of language .................................................................................................. 24 2.2.1 Language ideologies and language attitudes ......................................................... 24 2.2.2 Endangered and Indigenous languages .................................................................. 28 2.2.3 The impact of colonialism and postcolonialism on languages ............................... 36 2.3 Language maintenance and revitalisation of Indigenous languages ............................. 40 2.3.1 Language planning and language
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Economic and Social Council
    70+6'& ' 0#6+105 'EQPQOKECP5QEKCN Distr. %QWPEKN GENERAL E/CN.4/2004/80/Add.3 17 November 2003 ENGLISH Original: SPANISH COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Sixtieth session Item 15 of the provisional agenda INDIGENOUS ISSUES Human rights and indigenous issues Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people, Mr. Rodolfo Stavenhagen, submitted in accordance with Commission resolution 2003/56 Addendum MISSION TO CHILE* * The executive summary of this report will be distributed in all official languages. The report itself, which is annexed to the summary, will be distributed in the original language and in English. GE.03-17091 (E) 040304 090304 E/CN.4/2004/80/Add.3 page 2 Executive summary This report is submitted in accordance with Commission on Human Rights resolution 2003/56 and covers the official visit to Chile by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people, which took place between 18 and 29 July 2003. In 1993, Chile adopted the Indigenous Peoples Act (Act No. 19,253), in which the State recognizes indigenous people as “the descendants of human groups that have existed in national territory since pre-Colombian times and that have preserved their own forms of ethnic and cultural expression, the land being the principal foundation of their existence and culture”. The main indigenous ethnic groups in Chile are listed as the Mapuche, Aymara, Rapa Nui or Pascuense, Atacameño, Quechua, Colla, Kawashkar or Alacaluf, and Yámana or Yagán. Indigenous peoples in Chile currently represent about 700,000 persons, or 4.6 per cent of the population.
    [Show full text]
  • LARC Resources on Indigenous Languages and Peoples of the Andes Film
    LARC Resources on Indigenous Languages and Peoples of the Andes The LARC Lending Library has an extensive collection of educational materials for teacher and classroom use such as videos, slides, units, books, games, curriculum units, and maps. They are available for free short term loan to any instructor in the United States. These materials can be found on the online searchable catalog: http://stonecenter.tulane.edu/pages/detail/48/Lending-Library Film Apaga y Vamonos The Mapuche people of South America survived conquest by the Incas and the Spanish, as well as assimilation by the state of Chile. But will they survive the construction of the Ralco hydroelectric power station? When ENDESA, a multinational company with roots in Spain, began the project in 1997, Mapuche families living along the Biobio River were offered land, animals, tools, and relocation assistance in return for the voluntary exchange of their land. However, many refused to leave; some alleged that they had been marooned in the Andean hinterlands with unsafe housing and, ironically, no electricity. Those who remained claim they have been sold out for progress; that Chile's Indigenous Law has been flouted by then-president Eduardo Frei, that Mapuches protesting the Ralco station have been rounded up and prosecuted for arson and conspiracy under Chile's anti-terrorist legislation, and that many have been forced into hiding to avoid unfair trials with dozens of anonymous informants testifying against them. Newspaper editor Pedro Cayuqueo says he was arrested and interrogated for participating in this documentary. Directed by Manel Mayol. 2006. Spanish w/ English subtitles, 80 min.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Work of the FAO Indigenous Peoples Team 2018
    Report on the work of the FAO Indigenous Peoples team 2018 1 Report on the work of the FAO Indigenous Peoples team - 2018 Report on the work of the FAO Indigenous Peoples team - 2018 Partnerships and South-South Cooperation Division, Advocacy Unit (DPSA) Background Since the creation of the FAO Indigenous Peoples Team in DPSA in June 2014, the strategy of the team has been to position an agenda of work within FAO, rooted in the 2007 UN Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and to set in motion the implementation of the 2010 FAO Policy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples. The work of the FAO Indigenous Peoples Team is the result of constant interactions and discussions with indigenous peoples’ representatives. The joint workplan emanating from the 2015 meeting between indigenous representatives and FAO was structured around 6 pillars of work (Advocacy and capacity development; Coordination; Free Prior and Informed Consent; Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests and the Voluntary Guidelines on Small-Scale Fisheries; Indigenous Food Systems; and Food Security Indicators). Resulting from the discussions with indigenous youth in April 2017, a new relevant pillar was outlined related to intergenerational exchange and traditional knowledge in the context of climate change and resilience. In 2017, the work of the FAO Indigenous Peoples Team shifted from advocacy, particularly internal to the Organization, to consolidation and programming. Through a two-year programme of work encompassing the 6+1 pillars of work and the thematic areas – indigenous women and indigenous youth, the Team succeeded in leveraging internal support and resources to implement several of the activities included in the programme of work for 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Number of Plant Species That Correspond with Data Obtained from at Least Two Other Participants
    Promotor: Prof. Dr. ir. Patrick Van Damme Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Laboratory of Tropical and Sub-Tropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Co-Promotor: Dr. Ina Vandebroek Institute of Economic Botany The New York Botanical Garden Bronx River Parkway at Fordham Road Bronx, New York 10458, USA ([email protected]) Chairman of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Norbert De Kimpe Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Organic Chemistry Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Members of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Christian Vogl Prof. Dr. Paul Goetghebeur University of Natural Resources and Faculty of Science Applied Life Sciences Department of Biology Institut für Ökologischen Landbau K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gregor Mendelstrasse 33 B-9000 Gent, Belgium A-1180, Vienna, Austria ([email protected]) ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. Mieke Verbeken Prof. Dr. ir. François Malaisse Faculty of Science Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Department of Biology Agronomiques K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Laboratoire d’Ecologie B-9000 Gent, Belgium Passage des Déportés, 2 ([email protected]) B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. ir. Dirk Reheul Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Dean: Prof. Dr. ir. Herman Van Langenhove Rector: Prof. Dr. Paul Van Cauwenberge THOMAS EVERT QUANTITATIVE ETHNOBOTANICAL RESEARCH
    [Show full text]
  • Enhanced Input in LCTL Pedagogy
    Enhanced Input in LCTL Pedagogy Marilyn S. Manley Rowan University Abstract Language materials for the more-commonly-taught languages (MCTLs) often include visual input enhancement (Sharwood Smith 1991, 1993) which makes use of typographical cues like bolding and underlining to enhance the saliency of targeted forms. For a variety of reasons, this paper argues that the use of enhanced input, both visual and oral, is especially important as a tool for the less- commonly-taught languages (LCTLs). As there continues to be a scarcity of teaching resources for the LCTLs, individual teachers must take it upon themselves to incorporate enhanced input into their own self-made materials. Specific examples of how to incorpo- rate both visual and oral enhanced input into language teaching are drawn from the author’s own experiences teaching Cuzco Quechua. Additionally, survey results are presented from the author’s Fall 2010 semester Cuzco Quechua language students, supporting the use of both visual and oral enhanced input. Introduction Sharwood Smith’s input enhancement hypothesis (1991, 1993) responds to why it is that L2 learners often seem to ignore tar- get language norms present in the linguistic input they have received, resulting in non-target-like output. According to Sharwood Smith (1991, 1993), these learners may not be noticing, and therefore not consequently learning, particular target language forms due to the fact that they lack perceptual salience in the linguistic input. Therefore, in order to stimulate the intake of form as well as meaning, Sharwood Smith (1991, 1993) proposes improving the quality of language input through input enhancement, involving increasing the saliency of lin- guistic features for both visual input (ex.
    [Show full text]
  • New Age Tourism and Evangelicalism in the 'Last
    NEGOTIATING EVANGELICALISM AND NEW AGE TOURISM THROUGH QUECHUA ONTOLOGIES IN CUZCO, PERU by Guillermo Salas Carreño A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Professor Bruce Mannheim, Chair Professor Judith T. Irvine Professor Paul C. Johnson Professor Webb Keane Professor Marisol de la Cadena, University of California Davis © Guillermo Salas Carreño All rights reserved 2012 To Stéphanie ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation was able to arrive to its final shape thanks to the support of many throughout its development. First of all I would like to thank the people of the community of Hapu (Paucartambo, Cuzco) who allowed me to stay at their community, participate in their daily life and in their festivities. Many thanks also to those who showed notable patience as well as engagement with a visitor who asked strange and absurd questions in a far from perfect Quechua. Because of the University of Michigan’s Institutional Review Board’s regulations I find myself unable to fully disclose their names. Given their public position of authority that allows me to mention them directly, I deeply thank the directive board of the community through its then president Francisco Apasa and the vice president José Machacca. Beyond the authorities, I particularly want to thank my compadres don Luis and doña Martina, Fabian and Viviana, José and María, Tomas and Florencia, and Francisco and Epifania for the many hours spent in their homes and their fields, sharing their food and daily tasks, and for their kindness in guiding me in Hapu, allowing me to participate in their daily life and answering my many questions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Global Charango
    The Global Charango by Heather Horak A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Music and Culture Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2020 Heather Horak i Abstract Has the charango, a folkloric instrument deeply rooted in South American contexts, “gone global”? If so, how has this impacted its music and meaning? The charango, a small and iconic guitar-like chordophone from Andes mountains areas, has circulated far beyond these homelands in the last fifty to seventy years. Yet it remains primarily tied to traditional and folkloric musics, despite its dispersion into new contexts. An important driver has been the international flow of pan-Andean music that had formative hubs in Central and Western Europe through transnational cosmopolitan processes in the 1970s and 1980s. Through ethnographies of twenty-eight diverse subjects living in European fields (in Austria, France, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Croatia, and Iceland) I examine the dynamic intersections of the instrument in the contemporary musical and cultural lives of these Latin American and European players. Through their stories, I draw out the shifting discourses and projections of meaning that the charango has been given over time, including its real and imagined associations with indigineity from various positions. Initial chapters tie together relevant historical developments, discourses (including the “origins” debate) and vernacular associations as an informative backdrop to the collected ethnographies, which expose the fluidity of the instrument’s meaning that has been determined primarily by human proponents and their social (and political) processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Performing Blackness in the Danza De Caporales
    Roper, Danielle. 2019. Blackface at the Andean Fiesta: Performing Blackness in the Danza de Caporales. Latin American Research Review 54(2), pp. 381–397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25222/larr.300 OTHER ARTS AND HUMANITIES Blackface at the Andean Fiesta: Performing Blackness in the Danza de Caporales Danielle Roper University of Chicago, US [email protected] This study assesses the deployment of blackface in a performance of the Danza de Caporales at La Fiesta de la Virgen de la Candelaria in Puno, Peru, by the performance troupe Sambos Illimani con Sentimiento y Devoción. Since blackface is so widely associated with the nineteenth- century US blackface minstrel tradition, this article develops the concept of “hemispheric blackface” to expand common understandings of the form. It historicizes Sambos’ deployment of blackface within an Andean performance tradition known as the Tundique, and then traces the way multiple hemispheric performance traditions can converge in a single blackface act. It underscores the amorphous nature of blackface itself and critically assesses its role in producing anti-blackness in the performance. Este ensayo analiza el uso de “blackface” (literalmente, cara negra: término que designa el uso de maquillaje negro cubriendo un rostro de piel más pálida) en la Danza de Caporales puesta en escena por el grupo Sambos Illimani con Sentimiento y Devoción que tuvo lugar en la fiesta de la Virgen de la Candelaria en Puno, Perú. Ya que el “blackface” es frecuentemente asociado a una tradición estadounidense del siglo XIX, este artículo desarrolla el concepto de “hemispheric blackface” (cara-negra hemisférica) para dar cuenta de elementos comunes en este género escénico.
    [Show full text]
  • Text Segmentation by Language Using Minimum Description Length
    Text Segmentation by Language Using Minimum Description Length Hiroshi Yamaguchi Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii Graduate School of Faculty and Graduate School of Information Information Science and Technology, Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo Kyushu University [email protected] [email protected] Abstract addressed in this paper is rare. The most similar The problem addressed in this paper is to seg- previous work that we know of comes from two ment a given multilingual document into seg- sources and can be summarized as follows. First, ments for each language and then identify the (Teahan, 2000) attempted to segment multilingual language of each segment. The problem was texts by using text segmentation methods used for motivated by an attempt to collect a large non-segmented languages. For this purpose, he used amount of linguistic data for non-major lan- a gold standard of multilingual texts annotated by guages from the web. The problem is formu- lated in terms of obtaining the minimum de- borders and languages. This segmentation approach scription length of a text, and the proposed so- is similar to that of word segmentation for non- lution finds the segments and their languages segmented texts, and he tested it on six different through dynamic programming. Empirical re- European languages. Although the problem set- sults demonstrating the potential of this ap- ting is similar to ours, the formulation and solution proach are presented for experiments using are different, particularly in that our method uses texts taken from the Universal Declaration of only a monolingual gold standard, not a multilin- Human Rights and Wikipedia, covering more than 200 languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Rutgers Colloquium on Indigenous Languages In/Of New Jersey Organizers (Department of Anthropology): Becky Schulthies, Kathleen Riley, Pilar Rau, and Ulla Berg
    Rutgers Colloquium on Indigenous Languages in/of New Jersey Organizers (Department of Anthropology): Becky Schulthies, Kathleen Riley, Pilar Rau, and Ulla Berg In honor of the UN’s Year of Indigenous Languages, this colloquium highlights indigenous languages in and of NJ as well as Rutgers research related to indigenous languages. Rutgers sits on Lenni-Lenape land while their remaining tribal members struggle to be recognized and to revitalize their endangered or moribund languages: Unami, Munsee, and Nanticoke. In addition, New Brunswick is home to many Oaxacan indigenous language speakers, and NJ more broadly hosts many migrants and residents of minority mother tongues and native languages. Many of these face discrimination and anxiety about their languages and heritage, both in NJ and globally. In order to raise awareness about these issues, we are showcasing Rutgers expertise and community commitments to indigenous languages in/of New Jersey by organizing a colloquium during Native American History month, which also fits with the 2020 theme for the American Studies NJ Folk Festival, highlighting the Oaxacan community of New Brunswick, and their linguistic/cultural diversity. Thursday 7:30-9:30PM Indigenous Film Shorts Venue: AB2400, College Ave and Panel Discussion Friday Nov. 15 8AM-6PM Indigenous Language Venue: Alexander Library Colloquium Teleconference/Lecture Hall Indigenous Presenter times Region, language Presentation Titles 8:00 Opening by Lenape tribal member Lenape Indigenous Languages: What, Where, Why Now? and Introduction
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of the Middle Andes in Areal-Typological Perspective: Emphasis on Quechuan and Aymaran
    Languages of the Middle Andes in areal-typological perspective: Emphasis on Quechuan and Aymaran Willem F.H. Adelaar 1. Introduction1 Among the indigenous languages of the Andean region of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile and northern Argentina, Quechuan and Aymaran have traditionally occupied a dominant position. Both Quechuan and Aymaran are language families of several million speakers each. Quechuan consists of a conglomerate of geo- graphically defined varieties, traditionally referred to as Quechua “dialects”, not- withstanding the fact that mutual intelligibility is often lacking. Present-day Ayma- ran consists of two distinct languages that are not normally referred to as “dialects”. The absence of a demonstrable genetic relationship between the Quechuan and Aymaran language families, accompanied by a lack of recognizable external gen- etic connections, suggests a long period of independent development, which may hark back to a period of incipient subsistence agriculture roughly dated between 8000 and 5000 BP (Torero 2002: 123–124), long before the Andean civilization at- tained its highest stages of complexity. Quechuan and Aymaran feature a great amount of detailed structural, phono- logical and lexical similarities and thus exemplify one of the most intriguing and intense cases of language contact to be found in the entire world. Often treated as a product of long-term convergence, the similarities between the Quechuan and Ay- maran families can best be understood as the result of an intense period of social and cultural intertwinement, which must have pre-dated the stage of the proto-lan- guages and was in turn followed by a protracted process of incidental and locally confined diffusion.
    [Show full text]
  • Andean Music, the Left and Pan-Americanism: the Early History
    Andean Music, the Left, and Pan-Latin Americanism: The Early History1 Fernando Rios (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) In late 1967, future Nueva Canción (“New Song”) superstars Quilapayún debuted in Paris amid news of Che Guevara’s capture in Bolivia. The ensemble arrived in France with little fanfare. Quilapayún was not well-known at this time in Europe or even back home in Chile, but nonetheless the ensemble enjoyed a favorable reception in the French capital. Remembering their Paris debut, Quilapayún member Carrasco Pirard noted that “Latin American folklore was already well-known among French [university] students” by 1967 and that “our synthesis of kena and revolution had much success among our French friends who shared our political aspirations, wore beards, admired the Cuban Revolution and plotted against international capitalism” (Carrasco Pirard 1988: 124-125, my emphases). Six years later, General Augusto Pinochet’s bloody military coup marked the beginning of Quilapayún’s fifteen-year European exile along with that of fellow Nueva Canción exponents Inti-Illimani. With a pan-Latin Americanist repertory that prominently featured Andean genres and instruments, Quilapayún and Inti-Illimani were ever-present headliners at Leftist and anti-imperialist solidarity events worldwide throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Consequently both Chilean ensembles played an important role in the transnational diffusion of Andean folkloric music and contributed to its widespread association with Leftist politics. But, as Carrasco Pirard’s comment suggests, Andean folkloric music was popular in Europe before Pinochet’s coup exiled Quilapayún and Inti-Illimani in 1973, and by this time Andean music was already associated with the Left in the Old World.
    [Show full text]