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Gorilla Journal Journal of Berggorilla & Regenwald Direkthilfe No Gorilla Journal Journal of Berggorilla & Regenwald Direkthilfe No. 59, December 2019 Progress Population of Protection of The EAZA Great at GRACE Bwindi Gorillas Cross River Ape TAG and in despite Serious Increases to 459 Gorillas in situ Conservation Challenges Takamanda BERGGORILLA & REGENWALD DIREKTHILFE Authors of this Issue Dr. Angela Meder studied the be­ CONTENTS hav iour and development of captive D. R. Congo 3 Dr. Maria Teresa Abelló Poveda low land gorillas for 10 years. Since Supporting Bamboo Cultivation in has studied gorillas since 1985 in the 1992 she has been part of the Board of the Vicinity of Mount Tshiaberimu 3 Barcelona Zoo where she has been Directors of Berggorilla & Regenwald Progress at GRACE Amid Serious working since then. During this time Direkthilfe. Challenges 5 she has been trying to improve the sit­ Yorick Niess studied International Appeal for Donations: Efficient uation of the European ex situ gorilla Negotiations (INP) in Geneva. Apart Cooking Stoves 5 population. One of her concerns is that from his job at the broadcasting service Uganda 7 we need to increase the collaboration SWR he has been active for the AWP Population of Bwindi Gorillas between all people working to preserve on an honorary basis for more than Increases to 459 7 nature. She has been President of the 4 years, with a focus on Africa. Cross River 8 EAZA Great Apes TAG since 2016. Sandra Reichler is a biologist wor­ Critical Forest Corridor for Cross Dr. Tammie Bettinger is a consult­ king as curator for mammals, conser­ River Gorillas Threatened 8 ant working with the Gorilla Rehabil­ vation and research at Heidelberg Zoo. Protection of Cross River Gorillas itation and Conservation Education Since 2018 she has been Vice Chair of in Takamanda National Park 9 (GRACE) Center on conservation ed­ the EAZA Great Ape TAG (Taxon Advi­ Gorillas 11 ucation and the former Animal Opera­ sory Group). Rubber Plantation Close to the tions Director at Disney’s Animal King­ Stefanie Reska studied biology at Dja Reserve 11 dom. the J. W. Goethe University Frankfurt. Stay or Leave? Female Reproductive Jonathan Eban is the WCS Conser­ She worked as a freelancer for envi­ Costs in Western Gorillas 12 vation Coordinator in the Mbe Moun­ ronmental education at the Frankfurt How Is the EAZA Great Ape TAG tains and has worked for WCS since Zoo and the Palmengarten Frankfurt. Linked to in situ Conservation? 14 2012. Since 2007, she has been responsible Backing the Silverback 15 Dr. Inaoyom Imong is the Direc­ for environmental education and spe­ Reading 19 tor of the Cross River Landscape Pro­ cies conservation at the Zoological and Berggorilla & Regenwald ject of WCS Nigeria. He has been in­ Botanical Garden Wilhelma, Stuttgart. Direkthilfe 20 volved in Cross River gorilla research Dr. Martha Robbins, a research as­ and conservation since 2004. He stud­ sociate at the Max Planck Institute for ied the ecology and conservation of Evolutionary Anthropology, has been Cross River gorillas. studying the behavioural ecology of go­ Dr. Sonya Kahlenberg is the Exec­ rillas since 1990. Since 1998, she has utive Director for the GRACE Center. been studying the socioecology and re­ Gorilla Journal 59, December 2019 Marie Manguette is a PhD student productive strategies of mountain go­ Editor: Dr. Angela Meder at the Max Planck Institute for Evolu­ rillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Augustenstr. 122, 70197 Stuttgart, tionary Anthropology. She studies fe­ Park, since 2005 she has been working Germany male reproductive success and disper­ with the gorillas in Loango. E­mail [email protected] sal patterns of wild western lowland Claude Sikubwabo Kiyengo con­ Translation and Proofreading: Ann gorilla in Mbeli Bai, Republic of Congo. ducted a gorilla survey in the Maiko DeVoy, Bettina and Andrew Grieser Jackson Kabuyaya Mbeke is the National Park and took part in a gorilla Johns, Callum McCabe DRC Director for the GRACE Center. census in Kahuzi­Biega. He worked for Cover: Some of the gorillas at the the ICCN in Goma, for the IUCN pro­ GRACE Center gram PPP and for the regional office Photo: GRACE Organization Address: of IUCN in Central Africa. He was pre­ Berggorilla & Regenwald Direkthilfe viously chief conservator of the Parc Bank Account: c/o Burkhard Broecker National des Virunga, central sector, IBAN DE06 3625 0000 0353 3443 15 Juedenweg 3 the coordinator of the NGO VONA, the BIC SPMHDE3E 33161 Hoevelhof, Germany PACEBCo expert for conservation and Switzerland: E­mail [email protected] biodiversity in the Virunga region (CO­ IBAN CH90 0900 0000 4046 1685 7 Website: MIFAC), and since 2008 he has been BIC POFICHBEXXX http://www.berggorilla.org our assistant. 2 Gorilla Journal 59, December 2019 D. R. CONGO Supporting Bamboo Ongoing activities include several markets such as Masereka, Nyabili, Kilalo/Luveve and Magheria. Cultivation in the Vicinity – the planting of bamboo As yet, there is no estimation of how of Mount Tshiaberimu – the cultivation of potatoes much bamboo is used in this way – – beekeeping but it is clear that objects or baskets In order to preserve the ecosystems – domestic water supply made from bamboo can be found in of Mount Tshiaberimu, Berggorilla every household in the territories of & Re­genwald Direkthilfe has made Nurseries and the Planting of Beni and Lubero, where the population it its duty to keep up its support for Bamboo exceeds one million people. The same this fragile site. Two forms of support Bamboo is a precious material which objects can also be found in house­ are provided: direct support for the the locals use extensively for a range holds outside these two territories, and trackers for gorilla monitoring within of purposes. For example, they use just about everybody passing on the the park, and support for community bamboo to make small wrappings for Goma–Butembo, Butembo–Beni–Bu­ development and improved sanitation fruit and larger baskets for potatoes, nia and Kisangani routes buys food for the well­being of the population. cabbages, leeks and other vegetables. wrapped in bamboo leaves. Community development activities Bamboo baskets are also used to Considering the thousands of peo­ are chosen from a range of requests. transport chickens, or fish from Lake ple who travel on these routes every Activities are chosen that contribute Edward, to the villages, and to make month, we can imagine the size of the to the development of the community mats and implements for cleaning area that has been cleared of bamboo while also having a positive impact on teeth. More than 70 % of the population to supply this demand. the conservation of Mount Tshiaberimu; in the vicinity of Mount Tshiaberimu use in addition, the activities should provide nothing but bamboo for the construction Short History and Motivation opportunities to sensitize the local of their houses (Kyungu Kasolene On Mount Tshiaberimu, gorillas from residents regarding the protection of 2015, unpublished report). Bamboo is the Kipura family spend between 60 % the gorillas. also sold in its unprocessed form in and 90 % of their time in the bamboo zone, and the Katsavara family spends between 35 % and 90 % of their time there, depending on the season (GO Report 2014). It should be noted that Kyondo Parc National Beni this vegetation zone, which used to DEMOCRATIC cover almost the entire area of Mount des Virunga Mutsora REPUBLIC OF Ruwenzori Tshiaberimu, now only occurs at the THE CONGO highest altitudes, and its area continues Butembo to decrease. Mt. Tshiaberimu Mt. Tshiaberimu In the villages of Camp Ngai and Ki­ Vurusi Semliki kyo, two sub­sectors of Mount Tshia­ Lubero berimu, the most common illegal activ­ Lake ity observed in the park is the cutting of Kalibina Kasugho Ishango Edward Masereka bamboo. To cut bamboo, the local peo­ ple cross remote borders of the park. Rwindi The bamboo is taken to the villages of Muramba Masereka, Vuholu, and Kivetya – are­ as that are known for their production UGANDA Rutshuru of vegetables (cabbage, carrots, beet­ Tongo root, onions) and potatoes – produce Lake Rumangabo that is sold wrapped in bamboo leaves. Edward Mikeno protected area Sector Planting bamboo in the Chiefdom can serve not only to help stabilize the RWANDA national border Goma bamboo zone but to help it regenerate Lake Kivu and spread back to the lower­altitude Mt. Tshiaberimu and the Virunga National Park Maps: Angela Meder areas of the park. This could create fa­ 3 Gorilla Journal 59, December 2019 D. R. CONGO vourable conditions for in­coming goril­ ture. This activity is carried out mostly improved seeds and to practice new las and help to increase the gorilla pop­ by women whose agricultural produce cultivation techniques, ulation at Mount Tshiaberimu, which is contributes to the survival of their fami­ – contribute to the increase of agri­ in decline. lies. These women farmers face dif­ cultural production in order to raise ficulties in acquiring improved seeds the socio­economic standard of the Results that will return a viable profit from their households, Currently, a project that plans to plant agricultural production. Failure to ac­ – encourage the local farming com­ 15,000 bamboo plants is being finalized. quire improved seeds leads to lower munities to get involved in the Beginning in March 2019, nurseries agricultural productivity, which means protection of Mount Tshiaberimu, have been established with a target of that no household income is generat­ – provide and distribute improved producing 15,000 plants and shoots. ed because women farmers produce seeds, Nursery staff were, unfortunately, only enough for direct consumption in – reduce conflicts between local hampered by an unusual dry season the households, with none left for sale farmers and the management of resulting in the loss of 65 % of plants in the market. This leads to the slopes Mount Tshiaberimu.
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