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Hormones Tables Hormones tables Hormonal tables https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_hormones Name Abbreviation Tissue Cells/Amino acid Receptor Target Tissue Effect blood Adrenaline , also Adrenal adrenergic pressure , glycogen known as EPI adrenal gland nearly all tissues medulla / Tyrosine receptor olysis , lipolysis , epinephrine etc. Pinealocyte / Tryp melatonin CNS and Melatonin MT pineal gland circadian rhythm tophan receptor peripheral tissue blood Noradrenaline, Adrenal noradrenergic pressure , glycogen also known NE adrenal gland nearly all tissues medulla / Tyrosine receptor olysis , lipolysis , as norepinephrine etc. peripheral tissue Thyroid follicular thyroid hormone nearly every cell increased Triiodothyronine T 3 of thyroid gland cell / Tyrosine receptor in the body metabolism similar effect as T but much Thyroid follicular thyroid hormone 3 Thyroxine T thyroid gland same as above weaker; converted 4 cell / Tyrosine receptor to T3 in target cells regulation of substantia Phenylalanine / Ty cellular cAMP Dopamine DA D1 and D2 system-wide nigra (mainly) rosine levels, prolactin antagonist Eicosanoid for more information about this class of paracrine signalling chemicals and hormones. Abbre Target Effect Name viatio Tissue Cells Receptor Tissue n prostaglandin Prostaglandins PG seminal vesicle vasodilation receptor white G protein-coupled increase vascular Leukotrienes LT Blood blood cells receptors permeability prostacyclin vasodilation , platelet Prostacyclin PGI endothelium 2 receptor activation inhibtor thromboxane vasoconstriction , Plate Thromboxane TXA Blood platelets 2 receptor let Aggregation Peptide stimulates contractility in the heart, causes vasodilation , increases glycogenolysis , gut , pancreas , and suprachiasmatic nuclei of Vasoactive intestinal peptide VIP lowers arterial blood pressure and relaxes the the hypothalamus smooth muscle of trachea , stomach and gall bladder regulates electrolyte and water transport Uroguanylin UGN renal tissues in renal epithelia . Parvocellular Release thyroid-stimulating hormone (primarily) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone TRH hypothalamus anterior pituitary neurosecretory neurons Stimulate prolactin release Thyroid-stimulating hormone (or TSH anterior pituitary thyrotropes thyroid gland secrete thyroxine (T ) and triiodothyronine (T ) thyrotropin) 4 3 Thrombopoietin TPO liver , kidney , striated muscle Myocytes megakaryocytes produce platelets [6] Inhibit release of GH and TRH from anterior pituitary Suppress release of gastrin , cholecystokinin (CCK), secretin , motili Somatostatin (or growth n, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastric hormone–inhibiting hormone or delta cells in islets inhibitory GHIH or growth hormone release– Neuroendocrince cells polypeptide (GIP), enteroglucagon in gastrointes GHRIH hypothalamus , islets of Langerhans , gastrointestinal inhibiting hormone or of the Periventricular tinal system or SRIF system somatotropin release–inhibiting nucleus in Lowers rate of gastric emptyingReduces smooth or SRIH factor or somatotropin release– hypothalamus muscle contractions and blood flow within the inhibiting hormone) intestine [4] Inhibit release of insulin from beta cells [5] Inhibit release of glucagon from alpha cells [5] Suppress the exocrine secretory action of pancreas . Secretion of bicarbonate from liver , pancreas and Secretin SCT duodenum S cell duodenal Brunner's glands Enhances effects of cholecystokinin Stops production of gastric juice Activates the renin–angiotensin system by Renin Kidney Juxtaglomerular cells producing angiotensin I of angiotensinogen Relaxin RLN Corpus luteum , Uterus , placenta , and Mammary gland Decidual cells Unclear in humans Prolactin-releasing hormone PRLH hypothalamus Release prolactin from anterior pituitary lactotrophs of anterior milk production in mammary glands Prolactin PRL anterior pituitary , uterus pituitary sexual gratification after sexual acts Decidual cells of uterus Pituitary adenylate cyclase- PACAP multiple Stimulates enterochromaffin-like cells activating peptide •increase blood Ca 2+ :indirectly stimulate osteoclasts •Ca 2+ reabsorption in kidney •activate vitamin D Parathyroid hormone PTH parathyroid gland parathyroid chief cell (Slightly) decrease blood phosphate : •(decreased reuptake in kidney but increased uptake from bones •activate vitamin D ) Self-regulation of pancreatic secretions (endocrine and exocrine). It also Pancreatic polypeptide Pancreas PP cells affects hepatic glycogen levels and gastrointestinal secretions. release breast milkStimulates contraction of cervix and vagina . Involved Magnocellular Oxytocin OXT posterior pituitary in orgasm , trust between people, [2] and circadian homeostasis (body neurosecretory cells temperature, activity level, wakefulness). [3] Favors muscle function, memory formation, testosterone synthesis and Osteocalcin OCN Skeleton Osteoblasts energy expenditure [1] Orexin hypothalamus wakefulness and increased energy expenditure, increased appetite Motilin MLN Small intestine stimulates gastric activity anterior MSH or Melanocyte stimulating hormone pituitary /pars Melanotroph melanogenesis by melanocytes in skin and hair α-MSH intermedia Luteinizing hormone LH anterior pituitary gonadotropes In female: ovulation In male: stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone lipolysis and steroidogenesis , Lipotropin LPH anterior pituitary Corticotropes stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin Leptin LEP adipose tissue decrease of appetite and increase of metabolism . Insulin-like growth factor (or IGF liver Hepatocytes insulin-like effectsregulate cell growth and development somatomedin) Intake of glucose , glycogenesis and glycolysis in liver and muscle from Insulin INS pancreas beta cells bloodintake of lipids and synthesis of triglycerides in adipocytes Other anabolic effects Sertoli cells of testes Inhibin testes , ovary , fetus granulosa cells of ovary Inhibit production of FSH trophoblasts in fetus increase production of insulin and IGF-1increase insulin Human placental lactogen HPL placenta resistance and carbohydrate intolerance syncytiotrophoblast c promote maintenance of corpus luteum during beginning Human chorionic gonadotropin hCG placenta ells of pregnancy Inhibit immune response, towards the human embryo . Hepcidin HAMP liver inhibits iron export from cells Guanylin GN gut regulates electrolyte and water transport in intestinal epithelia . Growth hormone-releasing GHRH hypothalamus Release GH from anterior pituitary hormone GH or stimulates growth and cell reproductionRelease Insulin-like growth factor Growth hormone anterior pituitary somatotropes hGH 1 from liver Gonadotropin-releasing GnRH hypothalamus Release of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary . hormone Stimulates the adenylyl cyclase pathway, resulting in increased synthesis and Glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP1 ileum L cells release of insulin Glucagon GCG pancreas alpha cells glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver increases blood glucose level Stimulate appetite ,secretion of growth hormone from anterior pituitary Ghrelin stomach P/D1 cell gland stomach , duodenu Gastrin GAS G cell Secretion of gastric acid by parietal cells m mucosa of Gastric inhibitory polypeptide GIP the duodenum and K cell Induces insulin secretion the jejunum Galanin GAL central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract modulation and inhibition of action potentials in neurons Gastric inhibitory polypeptide GIP mucosa of the duodenum and the jejunum K cell Induces insulin secretion Gastrin GAS stomach , duodenum G cell Secretion of gastric acid by parietal cells Stimulate appetite ,secretion of growth hormone from anterior pituitary Ghrelin stomach P/D1 cell gland Glucagon GCG pancreas alpha cells glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver increases blood glucose level pancreatic b Stimulates the adenylyl cyclase pathway, resulting in increased synthesis Glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP1 ileum L cells eta cells and release of insulin Gonadotropin-releasing hormone GnRH hypothalamus Release of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary . Growth hormone-releasing GHRH hypothalamus Release GH from anterior pituitary hormone Hepcidin HAMP liver inhibits iron export from cells syncytiotrophoblas promote maintenance of corpus luteum during beginning Human chorionic gonadotropin hCG placenta t cells of pregnancy Inhibit immune response, towards the human embryo . increase production of insulin and IGF-1increase insulin Human placental lactogen HPL placenta resistance and carbohydrate intolerance stimulates growth and cell reproductionRelease Insulin-like growth factor Growth hormone GH or hGH anterior pituitary somatotropes 1 from liver Sertoli cells of testes granulosa cells of Inhibin testes , ovary , fetus Inhibit production of FSH ovary trophoblasts in fetus Intake of glucose , glycogenesis and glycolysis in liver and muscle from Insulin INS pancreas beta cells bloodintake of lipids and synthesis of triglycerides in adipocytes Other anabolic effects Insulin-like growth factor (or IGF liver Hepatocytes insulin-like effectsregulate cell growth and development somatomedin) Leptin LEP adipose tissue decrease of appetite and increase of metabolism . lipolysis and steroidogenesis , Lipotropin LPH anterior pituitary Corticotropes stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin Luteinizing hormone LH anterior pituitary gonadotropes In female: ovulation In male: stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone MSH Melanocyte stimulating anterior pituitary /pars or α- Melanotroph melanogenesis by melanocytes in skin and hair hormone
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