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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19703-8 - Hind Swaraj and Other Writings: Centenary Edition M.K. Gandhi Index More information

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Page numbers in italics indicate notes

Abhinav Bharat xxxvii Bengal xxxvii, 14 Acharyas (teachers/philosophers) lxv mill industry of Bombay 105 ahimsa (ahinsa) see non-violence partition of lxiv, lxxxii, 19–22 (ahimsa) Bentham, Jeremy lviii Ahmedabad Labour Union 177–8 Bhagavad Gita (the Gita) xxviii, xxix, Ambedkar, B. R. lxxi xxxix, lxi, lxii, 54, 86 Ameer of Afghanistan 61 Gandhi’s translation of 142 Ampthill, Lord xliv, lxxxii Bhave, Vinoba lxxii Gandhi’s letter to 132–4 ‘Bhils’ 43, 44 Amrit Kaur, Rajkumari 149 the Bible 9 Anand, Mulk Raj lxxii Blavatsky, H. P. 60 Andaman Islands 116 Blount, Godfrey, A New Crusade lv, 33 Anusilan Samiti xxxvii, xli Bombay xxxvii, 67 Arabic language 103 mill industry 105, 106–7 Arendt, Hannah lxxiii Bondaref, T. 67 Arnold, Sir Edwin, Bondurant, Joan lxxiii, lxxxix, 71 The Light of Asia lx Booth, Lancelot xlvii The Song Celestial lx Brahma lx Arnold, Matthew lviii brahmacharya (chastity) lxvi, 95 artha, wealth and political power xxi, xxii Brahman, God, Allah or Truth xvi The Aryan Path lxxi Brahmins 104 Asquith, Herbert Henry lxxxii, 29, 36 British colonial rule lxiv, 13, 38–41, Assamese 44 51, 54, 56, 58–9, 61, 111–13, atman see self 116–17, 159 Austria, and Italy 73, 74 the law court 58–9 removal of 71–2, 116–17 Bacon, Francis 9 British Constitution xxx Bahadur, Company see East India British Parliament 29–32 Company Brown, Judith xxv, xxxiii, xxxv, lxxxix Bajaj, Kamalmayan 66 brute force 77–85, 114 Bajrang Dal xxiii against the English 84–5 Balfour, Arthur James lxxxii, 29, 36 body-force 91–2 Bali, T. N. 86 English use of 78–9 Balliol College xxxvii and Indian extremists 110 Bande Mataram xl, xli, xliii the Buddha 10, 157 Bannerjea, Surendranath 22 life of lx Barker, Sir Ernest lix Buddhism 10 Benares 130 Burke, Edmund (Oxford Fellowship) xxvii

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Calcutta 67 Constituent Assembly 183 Cama, Madame Bhikaji Rustom xl Constructive Programme 169–80 Canada, Cousin, Victor 119 expatriate Indians xxxvii, xl, xli cow protection 52–3 self-government 18 Curzon, George Nathaniel, Lord Carlyle, Thomas li, lxxxii, 9, 30 lxxxii, 19 French Revolution 9 Curzon-Wyllie, Sir William, Heroes and Hero Worship lx assassination xxxviii, 136 Carpenter, Edward lxxxii Civilisation: Its Cause and Cure lv, 33 Dalton, D. xxv, lxxxix Catlin, George, Spiritual Exercises lxxiv Dange, S., Gandhi vs Lenin lxxi Cavour, Conte Cammilo Benso di Darwin, Charles lviii lxxxii, 73 Das, Taraknath xv, xli Chaitanya 157 dasturs, spiritual leaders of Parsees 104 Chamberlain, Joseph lxxxii, 40 Swami Dayanand 52, 157 Champaran xxxiii, 177, 178 Swami Dayanand fellowship xxxvii charkha see spinning wheel (charkha) dehin see self Chatterjee, Margaret xxv, lxxiii, lxxxix Derby, Lord, Prime Minister 77 Chattopadhyaya, V. xv, xl, xli Desai, Mahadev Haribhai lxxvii, lxxxiii Chesterton, G. K. 27 Descartes xvii China 64 development studies, and Gandhi lxxiii Christian civilisation xxxiv dharma lxi Christianity xvi, xlvi–xlvii, 10, 41, 133 ethical integrity xxi Christians 42, 48, 51, 170 Gandhian concept xxviii–xxix, lxiv Churchill, Winston 36 Dhingra, Madanlal xxxviii, xxxix, civic consciousness xv–xvi lxxxiii, 76 civic nationalism xxii dhurna, sit down strike 93 civil disobedience 178–9 doctors and medicine xxvi, xlvi, lxiv, see also passive resistance 60–3, 115, 128–9 civilisation lxiv Doke, Joseph, first biographer of Christian xxxiv Gandhi xlvi–xlvii, lxxxii, 93 as disease lv, 46, 102 Dubois, Abbe´J.A.122–3 English 37, 72, 117 Dutt, R. C., Economic History of India xliii, Gandhi’s definition xxx, 64–9 lxxxiii, 105 new Indian xvii–xviii, xxii, lxiv–lxv traditional Indian xxviii, xxxiv, East India Company 38–9 xxxv, lxv, 7, 47–8, 69, 70, 104, 114, economic development and moral 119, 158 development 153–61 see also modern civilisation economic equality 176 Clive, Lord 20 education lxix, 98–104 Cobden, Anne 36 adult 174 Code of Manu lxi health and hygiene 175 Cole, G. D. H. lxxii Macaulay’s ‘Minute on education’ lxix colonialism xxvii, lxii village children 173–4 and modernity xxxiii–xxxiv Emerson, Ralph Waldo lviii, 9 and Tolstoy li Essays lix compassion, principle of 81 Emerson Club 33 Comte, Auguste xlix English conflict resolution studies, and Common Law xlv Gandhi lxxiii education 101–3

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English language 112 Goa 51 Gandhi’s use of 6 God use in colonial India 101–4 belief in 69, 182, 183 English nation, condition of 29–32, 158–9 truth is God 10 English people 37, 40, 133 unconditional love lxvii addressed by Gandhi xxvi, xxviii Gokhale, Gopal Krishna xlii, lxxi Englistan lxvii, 27 Gandhi’s political guru lxxxiii, 139–41 Erikson, Erik, Gandhi’s Truth lxxiii, lxxxix and home rule 14, 16–17 expatriate Indians xxxvi–xli Gorst, Sir John 44 and Marxism xxxvii, xl Gospels, Christian, and terrorism xxvi, xxvii, xxxvii St. Luke xxv–xxvi extremists see Indian National Congress St. Matthew xxv–xxvi, 87, 155–7 Gramsci, Antonio lxxxiv Fakirs 67 Greece 64 Free Hindusthan xli, 135 Green, Martin xlviii, lxxxix Freeman, George xli Habib, Hajee 9 Gaekwar, Sayaji Rao III, Maharaja of Har Dayal xl Baroda lxxxiii, 98 Hardwar 47 Gaelic American (New York) xli Hastings, Warren 20 Gandhi, Chhaganlal xxxvi Heard, Gerald lxxii, lxxiv Gandhi, Indira lxxii Heber, Bishop 93 Gandhi, Maganlal lix Higginbottom, Professor 160 Gandhi Marg lxxii ‘Hind’, civic nation xv Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand, the Hind Swaraj, Mahatma, argument and structure xiv, lxiii–lxx Autobiography xxiv, xxv, xxx, xxxiv, challenges to xv, xxiii, current xlv, xlviii, lii, 86, 95, 141 xxii–xxiii Collected Works xxv–xxvi contemporary inﬂuence of (1997) Constructive Programme: Its meaning and lxxii–lxxv Place lxxxi counter arguments xiv–xvi, xxii–xxiii legal training xlv dialogue form iv, lxiii lobbying missions to London xxxvi expatriate Indians xxxvii, xli means and ends 79–80, 150 Gandhi’s intentions xxvi–xxix political philosophy xxxiii, lxii historical context xlii–xlv reply to Nehru 148–9 history of the text lxxvi–lxxvii Stayagraha in South Africa lxxx Indian Nationalist Movement xlii–xlv talks with Jinnah xxxi Indian sources lx–lxiii The Story of my Experiments with Truth lxxx Nehru on 146–8 vision of Indian nationalism xxxiii reception of lxxi–lxxii Gandhi, Prabhudas xxxvi response to Savarkar xxxix–xl Gandhi Peace Foundation lxxii and South Africa xxxii–xxxiii Gandhi–Irwin Pact lxxx suppression of lxxi, 7 Garibaldi, Giuseppe lxxxiii, 72, 73–6 Tolstoy on lxxi Germany xl Western sources xlv–lx Ghose, Aurobindo xl, xliii Hindi language 102, 103, 112, 176 Ghose, Manomohan lxxxiii, 56, 57 Hinduism xvi, 41, 171 Gidwani, Professor 160 Hindus 39, 42, 112, 170 Gladstone, William Ewart lxxxiii, 40 relationship with Mahomedans 50, Glass, Philip, Satagraha , the opera lxxiii 51–5, 56, 58, 104

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hindutva (anti-Muslim ideology) xl Draft Constitution (1948) 184–6 Hobbes, Thomas xvii, xviii, xxi Extremists xxvi, xlii–xliii, lxvii, 22, Holmes, John Haynes lxxi 110, 133 home rule (self-government) lxvi,110 Moderates xxvi, xlii, lxvii, 22, 110, 111 conditions for obtaining 114–16 Indian national identity xlii, xliv, 18, 20 and Congress 13–18 Indian nationalism xv–xvii, xxxiii, lxiii self-rule the key 116 non-violence xlii Hume, Alan Octavian xlii, lxxxiv, 14, 17, 23 praja xliv, lxii, lxv Hunter, Sir William Wilson 154 and religion 48, 50–5 Huttenback, R. A. xxxiii sectarian lxvii Huxley, T. H. lvii–lviii, 9, 99 violence lix, lxii–lxiii Hyndman, H. M. xl Indian Nationalist Movement xlii–xlv Indian Opinion xxxiii, xxxvi, xli, liii, lv, Ignatius Loyola, St., Spiritual Exercises xxv lvi, lviii, 6, 9–11 Imperial College, London xxxix Indian philosophy lx India, political xiv, xxviii–xxix after independence 184 The Indian Sociologist xxxviii, xli, lxxi Christianity 51 Indian village system liv–lv, 134, 166 cities 128, 134, 166, 172 administrative units 181–2 communal unity 170 all-India Village Association lxxxi condition of 41–4, 72 education 173–4 conquest of 38–41 Gandhi’s ideal of xxviii Constituent Assembly 183 and industries 166, 172–3 doctors xxvi, xlvi, lxiv, 60–3, 115 khadi lvi, 172 economics 160 and peasants lv, 177 educated elite 113–16 and sanitation 173 freedom for 70–2 and true home-rule liv, lv hygiene 175 industrial civilisation see modern language policy 101–4 civilisation lawyers xxvi, 56–9, 114 Industrial Revolution xxx–xxxi middle class xxvi, liii–liv, lv, lxii, lxiv Irish Home Rule xxxvii Muslims xliii–xliv Irving, Washington, Life of Mohamet and as one nation 47–8 His Successors lx poverty lxx, 45 Islam xvi, 51 the princes 20, 39, 74–5, 92–3 Islamism 41 railways 45–8, 49, 130, 133 Italy xxxvii and religion xv–xvi, 41–4 home rule lxiv sanitation 168, 173 and India 72, 73–6 secret societies xxxvii risorgimento xxxvii and swaraj liv, lxvii uniﬁcation of lix, 72, 73–6325 see also civilisation, new Indian; civilisation, traditional Indian; Jain religion lxi, 52 women, India inﬂuence on Gandhi lx–lxi India House, Highgate, London xxxviii, James, Edward Holton xli xxxix Japan xxxvii, 26–7, 40 Indian National Congress xxxvii, xlii, home rule lxiv lxiii, lxxxi, 169, 184 Jesuits lxxiv adopts Gandhi’s programme of non- Jesus Christ lxxi cooperation lxxx teaching of 156–7 concept of swaraj lxiii–lxiv Jevons, Professor 160

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Jews 170 liberalism, Jinnah, M. A. lxxxi, 51 Gandhian lxxiv Juggernaut 47, 48 J. S. Mill xxxi, lxxiv Justinian xlv see also Spencer, Herbert Lloyd George, David lxxxv, 101 Kabir 157 London School of Economics 66 Kali Temple, Calcutta 69 Kallenbach, Hermann xxvi, xlvi, xlvii, Macaulay, Thomas Babbington lxxxv, lxxix, lxxxiv, 5 43, 101 kama, pleasure xxi ‘Minute of Education’ lxix, Karanjia, R. K. 143, 150 101, 134 Kashmir 84 Machiavelli, xxi Keats, John lii machine-made clothing 129 Keay, J. Seymour 119 machinery lxix, 64, 66–7, 105–9, 133 Keer, D. xxxix cloth-mills 162–3 Kerala 51 Gandhi on 162–8 khadi, home-spun cloth lvi, 172 and the poor 163–4, 165 Khilafat movement lxxx see also technology S. S. Kildonan Castle xxvi, xli, lxxvi, 135 Madras 14 King, Martin Luther Jr. lxxii Mahomed 157 Kingsford, Anna MD, The Perfect Way Life of Mahomet (Irving) lx in Diet xlvi Mahomedans 39, 42, 48, 112 kisans, peasantry 177 relationship with Hindus 50, 51–5, the Koran 9, 54 56, 104 Krishna 155 see also Muslims Krishnavarma, Shyamji xv, Maine, Henry Sumner lxxxv xxxvii–xxxix, xxxix Village Communities in the East attack on Hind Swaraj xxi and West liv–lv India House, Highgate, London Majumdar, R.C. lxxii xxxviii, xxxix Malaviya, Kapildeva 153, 154 Oxford University Fellowships Manchester cloth 105–6, 112 xxxvii–xxxviii Mariannhill Trappist Monastery Oxford University Scholarships xlvii, lxxviii xxxix Maritain, Jacques lxxiii relationship to Gandhi xxxviii, lxxxv Marshall, Alfred 153 Kruger, Stephanus Johannes Paulus Marx xlix lxxxv, 40 Marxism xl Indian lxxi Lanza del Vasto lxxxix Marxists xv, xxiii, xl ‘Community of the Ark’ movement Maududi, Sayyid Abul Ala xxiii, lxxxv lxxii Mazumdar, Haridas T., ed. Sermon Laski, Professor 66 on the Sea lxxi laws, Mazzini, Giuseppe xxxix, lxxxv–lxxxvi, and conscience 89–90 9, 72, 73 man-made 90 Duties of Man lix passive resistance 89 Mehta, Pherozesha 22 unjust 89–91 Mehta, Pranjivan xv, xli, lxxxvi lawyers xxvi, 56–9, 114 Mehta, Rajchandra Ravjibhai lx–lxi, British power 58–9 lxxxvi Lester, Muriel 66 Merton, Thomas lxxxix

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Mill, J. S. xxxi, lxxxvi, 28, 153 interviewed (1959) 150–2 On Liberty lxxiv reply to Gandhi 146–8 mind, mastery of lxii, lxv The Mind of Mr. Nehru 143 Minto, Lord (Viceroy) 55 New England lviii Minto–Morley reforms xliii–xliv, New Testament xlviii 55, 76 Nietzsche, Friedrich l Moderates see Indian National non-violence (ahimsa) xxviii, Congress xxxix, 84 modern civilisation li–lii, 32, 33–7, 69, Gandhi’s message xxv, lix, lxviii 70, 104 and Hinduism 53–4 based on force xxxiv, 7 and Indian nationalism xlii, lix Gandhi on xvii, xxvii–xxviii, xxix–xxxii, satyagraha xix xxxvi, xliv, liv, lix, 128, 133 soul-force lxix, 110 industrial lxii Tolstoy on xli, li versus ancient 7, 68 versus violence lxviii–lxix modern political theory xxxi Nordau, Max lv moksha, spiritual transcendence xxi, xxii Conventional Lies of Civilisation lvi–lvii Monier-Williams, Sir Monier xxxvii Paradoxes of Civilisation 118 Morley, John, Lord lxxxvi, 55, 55, 76 Mulhall, Michael G. 120 Oceanic Circle versus Pyramid 181–3 mullas, Muslim spiritual leaders 104 order, in soul and society xlvii Munro, Colonel Thomas 120 Murry, John Middleton lxxii Pankhurst, Emmeline 36 Muslims, Parekh, Bhikhu lxxii, lxxxix, 83 Indian xliii, 170 Parliament see British Parliament Muslim League xliv Parsee religion, The Sayings of Muslim separatists xv, xix Zarathustra lx see also Mahomedans Parsees xl, 48, 50, 50–1 passive resistance 83, 86–97, 116, Nadwi, Abul Hasan Ali xxiii, 129–30 lxxxvi–lxxxvii courage 91–3 Naess, Arne lxxiii fearlessness 96–7 nagri script 103 poverty 95–6 Naidu, Mrs. Sarojini xl soul-force lxix, 86–9, 91, 110, Naipaul, V. S. xxiii 116, 134 Nair, Sir Sankaran, Gandhi and Anarchy Tolstoy on 136 lxxi train the body 94 Nanak, Guru 157 truth-force lxix, 86–7, 96 Nanda, B. R. xxv, lxxxix unjust laws 89–91 Nandy, Ashis lxxii versus brute-force 91–2 Naoroji, Dadabhai xlii, lxxxvi, 5, 15 see also satyagraha Poverty and Un-British Rule in India xliii Patanjali, Yogasutra lxi Napoleon 40 Patel, C. N. 30 Narayan, J. P. lxxii Pax Britannica xxxii, 43, 134 Narayan, R. K. lxxii Peace and Arbitration Society, Natal Indian Congress xxxiii, lxxviii London 127 Nazism 84 Persian language 103 Nehru, Jawaharlal xxv, lxxxvii, 172, 180 Peterloo massacre 79 dialogue with Gandhi lxxii, 143–5 petitioning (“Moderates”) 82–3, 111 on Gandhi 150 Phillipps, Wendel lviii

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Phoenix Settlement (Durban, South as sect xliv, 50, 51 Africa) xxxiii, xxxv–xxxvi, xlix, liii, truth lxi lix, lxxix Vedic 52 Phoenix School 98 and vivisection 62 pilgrimage, places of lxv, 47, 48 see also dharma ‘Pindaris’ 43, 44 religious pluralism xvi, xxii, lxxiii Plato 9 religious toleration lxvii Apology xxiv, xlvii Renan, Ernest xlix Polak, Henry xxvii, xliv, xlvi, lxxxvii rights, Gandhi’s letter to 68, 127–31 and duties lxxiii–lxxiv, lxxiv, 79–80 Millie Graham (wife of) 33 real rights 79 praja, Rishis 67 civic nation xv Rockefeller, John D. lviii see also Indian nationalism Rolland, Romain xxv Prasad, Negeshwar, Hind Swaraj: A Fresh Roman Law xlv Look lxxii Rome 64 Prem Chand lxxii Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, Social prohibition 171 Contract xxv prostitute metaphor, Gandhi’s use of 29 Rowlands, Sir Archibald 20 the Punjab 14 Rowlatt Act lxxx purusharthas, aims of life xiv, xvii, xviii, Roy, M. N., India in Transition lxxi xxi–xxii, xxii, 34, 139 Rudolph, Lloyd lxxiii Pyarelal (Secretary to Gandhi) xlvii Rudolph, Susanne lxxiii Ruskin, John li–lii, lxxxvii, 9, 33, 162 Quit India Movement lxxxi A Joy for Ever and Its Price in the Market lii economic philosophy lii–liii Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli 143 Sarvodaya (Gandhi’s paraphrase) railways 45–8, 49, 130, 133 xxiv, liii and Indian nationalism 47 social affection liii and irrigation 45 The Political Economy of Art xviii, lii and the spread of plague 46 Unto This Last xxiv, lii–liii, lxxix the Raj xlii, lxvii Russian nihilism xxxvii Rajaji (C. Rajagopalachari) xxv, lxxvi Rama 47 Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad liii, Ramakrishna 157 lxxix, lxxx Ramarajya xxix Salter, William McIntyre, Ethical Ramayana xxviii, xxix, xxxix Religion lviii Tulsidas lxi Salt March lxxx Ranade, Mahadev Govind lxxxvii, 82 salt tax 20 Rao, Raja lxxii Sanscrit 103 Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh xxiii sarvodaya, Gandhi’s economic Reform Act (1832) (Britain) 78–9, 78, 79 philosophy liii reform of self see swaraj satya (truth) liii, liv, lxvi religion, satyagraha xviii–xix, xxx and education 104 civil disobedience lviii as ethics lxvii, 50 as passive resistance 83 and India 41–4 securing rights by personal suffering in modern civilisation xxxi lxxiii and nationalism xliv, 48, 50–5 in South Africa xxxiii as organisation lxvii to gain independence lxiv, lxvi, lxvii

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Satyagraha in South Africa xxxiv, lxxix, 91 spinning wheel (charkha) li, liii, lxvi, satyagrahi lxiii lxvi–lxvii, 107, 144, 162, 163, satyagrahis lxxix 165, 180 Socrates as xlvii Stephen, James Fitzjames, Savarkar, V. D. xv, xvii, xix, xxiii, ‘Foundations of the government of xxxviii–xl, xxxix, lxxxvii India’ xxxi–xxxii Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? xvii, lxxxvii Strauss, Leo lxxiii The Indian War of Independence Stuart, Sir H. A. 5 of 1857 xxxix suffragette movement 36 Schlegel, Frederick von 120–1 suffragettes 91 Schumacher, Fritz lxxiii surajya, the good state lxv Seeley, Sir John, Expansion of England lix Surat Congress 22 self, sutee xxxi as atman or soul lxii swadeshi 21, 116 as dehin (whole person) lxii Swadeshi Movement xxxviii, 21, see also swaraj 105, 108 self-defence 87 Swann, M. xxxiii Sermon on the Mount xlviii swaraj xxii, l, liii–liv, lxiv, 25–8 Sethi, J. D., Gandhi Today 191 deﬁnition of xix–xxi, lxii, 71 Sevagram Ashram, Wardha liii, lxxxi, 179 extremists xlii–xliii, 25–6 Shakespeare, William, Macbeth 158 Indian middle class liii–liv Shankara 157 poorna swaraj 169 Shankaracharya 47 reform of the soul and self xlii, Sharp, Gene lxxiii 115, 130 Sherard, Robert Harborough lv and satyagraha lxvi White Slaves of England lvii, 35 self-discipline xix–xx Shiva lx self-government xxvii, lxv, lxvi followers of 52 self-realisation lxxiv–lxxv Shivaji xliii self-rule xv, xxvii, lxv, lxvi, 74 Shivaji scholarship xxxix self-transcendence xx Sikhism 51 self-transformation lxx Singer Sewing Machine 164, 183 see also home rule (self-government) Slade, Madeleine 84 Smith, Adam 153 Talwar (Rotterdam and Berlin) xl Smuts, General J. C. xxxiii, lxxix, Tamil language 103 lxxxviii Tamil Nadu 47 Socrates xlvii Taylor, Thomas,F. lv Soddy, Frederick lxxii Fallacy of Speed lvi soul (atma) lx–lxi technological revolution xxxi South Africa, technology, Gandhi’s experience xxxiii, appropriate li, lii, lxiv, lxix–lxx xxxv–xxxvi, xlii, lx modern lxix–lxx Indian population xxxv–xxxvi, lv, see also machinery lxxviii, lxxix, 7, 13 terrorism, Indian women xxxvi and expatriates xxvi, xxvii, politics of xxxii–xxxvi xxxvii Soviet Union xl legitimised by nationalism xxxix Spencer, Herbert xxxvii, xxxviii, xli, theosophy xlvi, lx xlix, lxxi, lxxxvii, 27 Theresa, St. lviii Indian Fellowships xxxvii Thomas, the Apostle, St. 51

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Thoreau, David Henry lxxxviii, 9 Vancouver xli ‘Civil Disobedience’ xxiv, lviii The Vegetarian (London) xlvii ‘Life Without Principle’ lviii vegetarianism xlvi, lx On the Duty of Civil Disobedience xxiv Victor Emanuel II of Italy lxxxviii, 73 ‘Thugs’ 43, 44 Victoria, Queen of England Tilak, B. G. xxxix, xliii, 21, 22 Proclamation of 1858 xxx, 77, Ganapathi festival xliii 77–8 Kesari xliii villages see Indian village system Mahratta xliii violence, body-force 88 Tolstoy, Count Leo Nikolaevich xxv, use of lxiv, 130, 134 lxxxviii, 9 Vishnu lx on Christianity xlviii–xlix followers of 52 correspondence with Gandhi 138–9 Vishva Hindu Parishad iii The First Step xlvi, li vivisection 62 and Gandhi xli, 135–7, 138–9 Voegelin, Eric lxxiii on Hind Swaraj lxxi How Shall We Escape? li Wallace, Alfred Russel 158–9 inﬂuence on Gandhi xlviii, 6 Wardha liii, lxxxi, 68 The Kingdom of God Is Within You Wavell, Lord, Viceroy 20 xlviii–xlix Webb, Alfred 118 Letter to a Hindoo xli, li, 135 Webster, Daniel lviii on non-violence xli, 136 Wedderburn, Sir William xlii, lxxxviii, The Slavery of Our Times 35, 118 14, 17, 121 What is Art? xviii, xlix–li Western civilisation see modern Tolstoy Farm (South Africa) liii, lxxix, 98 civilisation Transvaal 40 Wilde, Oscar l, lvii politics of xxxiii Williams, Howard, Cambridge scholar, Transvaal British Indian Association The Ethics of Diet xlvi xxxiii Winterbottom, Florence 33 Transvaal Indian Deputation lxxix, 9 women, India 120, 122–3 Transvaal Passive Resistance struggle 7 Bombay mills 106 Tulsidas lxii, lxxxviii, 86 constructive programmme 174–5 Ramayana lxi–lxii, 86 liberation xxix–xxx, xxxv Ramcharitmanas lxxxviii practice of Niyog 68 Twentieth Century, The (Boston) xli Woodcock, George 10 Tyabji, Baddrudin xlii, lxxxviii, 14 Wordsworth, William lvii

United States, Xavier, St. Francis lviii, 51 economic conditions 158 Indian expatriates xxxvii, xl, xli Young, I. 121–2 reception of Hind Swaraj lxxi Young India lxxvi, lxxx, 94 as source for Hind Swaraj lviii untouchability 170–1 Zoroastrianism 41, 51 Upanishads lxi Zoroastrians 170