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International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-9(2), September, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.656; Email: [email protected]

Dr. B. Nagapadmavathy, SG Lecturer in History, S.K.S.D. Mahila Kalasala UG & PG (A), Tanuku

Dr. D.M. Neeraja, Reader in Commerce, S.K.S.D. Mahila Kalasala UG & PG (A), Tanuku

M.P. Karthik Madhav, II M.B.A., GITAMS Deemed University, Visakhapatnam.

Mahatma 's life achievement stands unique in political history. He has invented a completely new and humane means for the liberation war of an oppressed country, and practiced it with greatest energy and devotion. The moral influence he had on the consciously thinking human being of the entire civilized world will probably be much more lasting than it seems in our time with its overestimation of brutal violent forces. Because lasting will only be the work of such statesmen who wake up and strengthen the moral power of their people through their example and educational works. political history, freedom, physicists

protest have been successfully used in In India, Gandhi is known as the several continents. Martin Luther King Father of the Nation. This is for he did and his colleagues applied the force of more than anyone else to prepare truth to shame the American Indians for freedom, to make them Government into over-turning racial aware of the cleavages of religion, caste, legislation. Across Soviet-controlled and gender, to nurture the democratic Eastern Europe, Lech Walesa, Vaclav and plural ethos of the Indian Havel, and their comrades used the Constitution. India’s debt to Gandhi is power of non-violence to replace immense. Gandhi’s own debts, Communist dictatorships with however, ranged beyond India. While democratic regimes. The heritage and influenced by indigenous traditions of methods of Gandhi can also be seen in non-violence, his ideas were modified the movements for democracy recently and refined through reading the works underway in the Arab world.Even when of the Russian , the they are not immediately successful, Englishman , and the non-violent protests along Gandhian American . And it lines have sharply highlighted the was South Africa, not India, that was arbitrary use of power by authoritarian the first, crucial crucible of his governments. The National League of experiments in non-violent resistance. Democracy, led by the indefatigable Gandhi was, and remains, a genuinely Aung Saan Suu Kyi, and the movement trans-national figure. He was trans- for Tibetan autonomy, led by the national in the range of his influences dignified and resolute Dalai Lama, are and in the reach of his thought. After justly admired across the world. When his death, his techniques of non-violent democracy and pluralism finally come International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-9(2), September, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.656; Email: [email protected]

to Myanmar and China – as they will, of South African activists seeking to end and must – the citizens of this White rule. This legacy connects him to countries will have reason to recall, and ...in a sense Mandela gratefully remember, the sacrifices of completed what Gandhi started." these non-violent resisters. Gandhi's life and teachings inspired many who specifically referred to Gandhi as their mentor or who dedicated ‘Gandhiji’s ’ sowed many their lives to spreading Gandhi's ideas. In seeds, seeds of resistance to colonial or Europe, was the first to authoritarian rule that helped usher in discuss Gandhi in 1924 in his book the end of imperialism and the on , and Brazilian emergence of democratic regimes. Even anarchist and feminist Maria Lacerda de when countries are formally free, and Moura wrote about Gandhi in her work formally democratic, non-violence can on . In 1931, notable European play a crucial role in challenging injustice physicist Albert Einstein exchanged and discrimination. Such was the case in written letters with Gandhi, and called the United States of the 1950s and 1960s, him "a role model for the generations to when the denial of equal rights of come" in a letter writing about citizenship for African-Americans was him. Einstein said of Gandhi: confronted, and overcome, by the civil rights movement. And such is the case in ‘A leader of his People, India today, where multi-party unsupported by any outward authority, a democracy and an independent judiciary politician whose success rests not upon exist side-by-side with pervasive social craft nor the mastery of technical devices, inequalities. but simply on the convincing power of his personality; a Gandhi influenced important victorious fighter who has always scorned leaders and political movements. Leaders the use of force; a man of wisdom and of the civil rights movement in the humility, armed with resolve and United States, including Martin Luther inflexible consistency, who has devoted King, , and , all his strength to the uplifting of his drew from the writings of Gandhi in the people and the betterment of their lot; a development of their own theories about man who has confronted the brutality of . King said "Christ gave us Europe with the dignity of the simple the goals and Mahatma Gandhi the human being, and thus at all times rises tactics." King sometimes referred to superior. Generations to come, it may be, Gandhi as "the little brown saint." Anti- will scarce believe that such a one as this apartheid activist and former President ever in flesh and blood walked upon this of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, was earth.’ inspired by Gandhi. Einstein had no doubt that In his early years, the Gandhi was the greatest person of his former President of South Africa Nelson age; perhaps of any age. In the early Mandela was a follower of the nonviolent 1930s, when he was teaching in Berlin, resistance philosophy of Gandhi. Bhana portraits of three icons hung in his study. and Vahed commented on these events as These were the physicists Max Planck "Gandhi inspired succeeding generations and Michael Faraday, and Mohandas K. International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-9(2), September, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.656; Email: [email protected]

Gandhi. In the early 1950s, when inspiration came from Mahatma Gandhi. Einstein was based in Princeton, a His reply was in response to the question photograph of Gandhi was still displayed 'Who was the one person, dead or live, in his office. But Planck and Faraday had that you would choose to dine with?'. He disappeared. When asked about this, continued that "He's somebody I find a lot Einstein replied that the discoveries of of inspiration in. He inspired Dr. King physics had recently resulted in the atom with his message of nonviolence. He bomb. On the other hand, the reputation ended up doing so much and changed the of Gandhi had been further enhanced in world just by the power of his ethics." the last decades of his life. Mahatma Gandhi's life achievement stands unique in political history. He has Lanza del Vasto went to India in invented a completely new and humane 1936 intending to live with Gandhi; he means for the liberation war of an later returned to Europe to spread oppressed country, and practiced it with Gandhi's philosophy and founded the greatest energy and devotion. The moral Community of the Ark in influence he had on the consciously 1948. Madeleine Slade (known as thinking human being of the entire "") was the daughter of a British civilized world will probably be much admiral who spent much of her adult life more lasting than it seems in our time in India as a devotee of Gandhi. with its overestimation of brutal violent In addition, the British forces. Because lasting will only be the musician John Lennon referred to work of such statesmen who wake up and Gandhi when discussing his views on strengthen the moral power of their nonviolence. At the Cannes Lions people through their example and International Advertising Festival in educational works. We may all be happy 2007, former US Vice-President and and grateful that destiny gifted us with environmentalist Al Gore spoke of such an enlightened contemporary, a role Gandhi's influence on him. model for the generations to come. US President Barack Obama in a 2010 address to the Parliament of India said that: 1. Gandhi’s philosophy and the I am mindful that I might not be Quest for Harmony – Parel Anthony J standing before you today, as President of 2. Ramchandra Guha books on the United States, had it not been for Gandhi. Gandhi and the message he shared with 3. My experiment with truth, M.K. America and the world. Obama in Gandhi September 2009 said that his biggest 4. 5. Harijan