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The Origins of Dental Crowding in the Florida Archaic: an Anthropological Investigation of Malocclusions in Windover Pond (8BR246) Kathryn O’Donnell Miyar

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The Origins of Dental Crowding in the Florida Archaic: an Anthropological Investigation of Malocclusions in Windover Pond (8BR246) Kathryn O’Donnell Miyar Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2012 The Origins of Dental Crowding in the Florida Archaic: An Anthropological Investigation of Malocclusions in Windover Pond (8BR246) Kathryn O’Donnell Miyar Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES THE ORIGINS OF DENTAL CROWDING IN THE FLORIDA ARCHAIC: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF MALOCCLUSIONS IN WINDOVER POND (8BR246) By KATHRYN O’DONNELL MIYAR A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2012 Kathryn Miyar defended this dissertation on February 29, 2012. The members of the supervisory committee were: Lynne Schepartz Professor Directing Dissertation Dennis Slice University Representative Glen Doran Committee Member Rochelle Marrinan Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii I dedicate this disquisition to my ever-patient and supportive Eduardo iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This feat could not have been accomplished without the guidance and support of many people and I am greatly indebted to their assistance. Firstly, I would like to acknowledge my advisor and committee chairperson, Dr. Lynne Schepartz, for taking me under her wing, helping ameliorate my writing skills, and guiding me toward professionalism. I would particularly like to thank Dr. Rochelle Marrinan for being my mentor and a true champion of the anthropology graduate students during these last few tumultuous years. To Dr. Glen Doran for his insight and granting me endless access to one of the greatest skeletal collections in the world. To my outside committee member, Dr. Dennis Slice, for his patient statistical guidance and for opening new doors for me in collaborative interdisciplinary research. I would also like to thank Dr. Margo Schwadron for helping me transition into my career and for her endless support and understanding during this last very trying year. My fellow graduate students and colleagues at the FSU anthropology department fostered an inspirational and supportive community that has helped produce some exciting research from our tiny department. I am very grateful to all of them for their insights and good company at the bar. In particular I would like to thank Alexandra Parsons for her amazing critical eye, unending listening skills, and for ultimately helping me retain my sanity. I thank Sarah Liko very much for all her encouragement. These last two years would have been difficult to manage without her ear and assurance. I am immensely grateful to Ian Pawn and Geoffrey Thomas for their guidance with my statistical analyses and helping me polish my graphs and tables. I would like to thank Timothy Parsons for his time and unsurpassable map-making skills. Though not affiliated with FSU and thousands of miles away, I could not have made it through graduate school without the support of my friend, colleague, and co-founder, Lynn Lucas. I credit Dr. Linda Taylor for first opening my eyes to this field during her Introduction to Physical Anthropology class and for knowing I would be an anthropologist before I did. I thank her for helping make that happen. I would also like to thank my master’s advisor Dr. Clifford Brown for believing in me and making this career a reality. Without my research assistant, Jayce iv Hill, this project could not have been completed by the imposed deadline. I am very grateful for his time and efforts. I would also like to thank Joe and Maranda Kles for sharing their home with me during my days of research at the FMNH. I would like to acknowledge the people and institutions that made this research possible: Eisele Dissertation Foundation, FSU Dissertation Research Foundation, Florida Museum of Natural History, Florida Atlantic University, University of Miami, Florida Gulf Coast University, Monica Faraldo, Dr. Arlene Fradkin, Dr. Heather Walsh-Haney, Dr. Neil Wallis, Donna Ruhl, and Dr. Dave Dickel. The support and love from my family and friends has been remarkable. I want to thank all of you, particularly my parents, for your patience and encouragement these many years. I promise I will have a “real job” now. Lastly, I would like to acknowledge my husband, to whom this dissertation is dedicated, who has been the iron backbone throughout my entire graduate career and who has been the most amazing friend throughout my entire life. I would never have made it to this point without him. v TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ...................................................................................................................................x List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. xiv Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... xviii 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................1 Hypothesis .....................................................................................................................3 Chapter Overview ........................................................................................................6 2. DENTAL CROWDING ........................................................................................................7 Growth and Developmental Factors Affecting Dental Crowding ...........................8 Deciduous and Permanent Teeth and the Formation of Occlusion....................8 Mesial Drift ........................................................................................................9 Lingual Tipping ...............................................................................................10 Third Molar Eruption .......................................................................................12 Continuous Eruption ........................................................................................13 Genetic Factors...........................................................................................................13 Studies of Heredity ..........................................................................................14 Dental Size and Morphology ...........................................................................14 Arch Dimensions .............................................................................................16 Angle Malocclusion Classes ............................................................................17 Dental Traits Affecting Malocclusion .............................................................17 Individual Rotations and Displacements .................................................18 Supernumerary Teeth, Impaction, and Agenesis .....................................18 Environmental Etiology.............................................................................................20 Masticatory Function Hypothesis ....................................................................21 Disuse Theory ..................................................................................................23 Dental Wear and Attritional Occlusion............................................................24 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ........................................................................................26 Primary and Comparative Skeletal Collections ......................................................26 Windover (8BR246).........................................................................................29 Warm Mineral Springs (8SO19) ......................................................................30 Little Salt Springs (8SO18) ..............................................................................32 Republic Groves (8HR4) .................................................................................33 Harris Creek at Tick Island (8VO24)...............................................................35 Bay West (8CR200) .........................................................................................37 Gauthier (8BR193)...........................................................................................38 Methods .......................................................................................................................40 vi Age Estimation.................................................................................................40 Age Cohorts .....................................................................................................41 Sex Estimation .................................................................................................41 Dental Crowding ........................................................................................................42 Little’s (1975) Irregularity Index .....................................................................44 Tooth and Arch Dimensions in Relation to Dental Crowding ...............................45 Dental Metrics ..................................................................................................45 Arch Metrics ....................................................................................................46
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