The Journal of Educational Development

JED 4 (1) (2016)

http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jed

THE MANAGEMENT OF FOOTBALL EDUCATION AND TRAINING CENTER IN SALATIGA CENTRAL JAVA

Imam Marsudi1, Soegiyanto K.S.2

1Surabaya State University, Indonesia 2Postgraduate Program, Semarang State University, Indonesia

Article Info Abstract ______Article History: This study aimed at describing and explaining the management of the Football Education and Accepted April 2016 Training in Salatiga Central Java, including the human resource management, financial Approved May 2016 management, and facility management. The descriptive qualitative method applied in this study Published June 2016 includes observation, survey, and interview. The population and respondents of this study were the ______manager, the coaches, the players, and ex-coaches as well as alumni of the Education and Training Keywords: Center. There were 22 athletes considered as the respondents for this research. They stayed in the Management, Football dormitory of the Center. The results of this study show that the human resource management to Education and Training organize the Center was determined by the National Education of the Republic of Indonesia Center. through recruitment of government officers, while the recruitment of coaches was determined by ______the National Education Office of Central Java Province through the sports management officers in charge of the financial commitment. Among the criteria for recruiting players are 170 cm tall, obtaining average score of minimal 6.0, possessing good quality of physiological posture and football technique, based on tests and assessment. This Education and Training Center which was funded by the State Budget has been managed on the basis of the procedures of managing the state budget. The fund from the central government has been properly spent for salary of the coaches, students’ allowance, accommodation, and the like. Dealing with the facility management, it could be stated that the facilities owned by the Football Education and Training Center in Salatiga Central Java, for instance the football field, have fulfilled the national as well as international standard. The Center also has such other facilities as weight training equipment, classrooms, training equipments like training boots, school boots, training costumes, school uniforms, bags, textbooks and stationery, and dormitory. The Center also has three buildings for the committee members, the coaches, and a mosque, a sports hall and an office as the headquarters of the Training Center. The conclusion is that the human resource, financial, and accommodation of the Football Education and Training Center in Salatiga Central Java has been managed properly. The recommendation is that in order for young football players to improve their quality in playing football in the future, all football associations or Training Centers in Indonesia apply human resource, financial, and facility management the way the Football Education and Trading Center in Salatiga Central Java has done.

 Correspondence Address : p-ISSN 2085-4943 Jalan Ketintang, Surabaya, Jawa Timur e-ISSN 2502-4469 E-mail: [email protected]

Imam Marsudi & Soegiyanto K.S. / The Journal of Educational Development 4 (1) (2016)

INTRODUCTION reputation. Among such players are Kurniawan Dwi Yulianto, Bambang Pamungkas, Johan Football game has gained popularity for Prasetyo, and Modetus Setiawan. Nevertheless, centuries throughout the world including considered from the perspective of management, Indonesia. Among the evidence of this evaluation, and the like, it is questionable: How popularity of football is that up to this moment is actually the management of the Football the government still pays attention to it by Training Center of Salatiga Central Java so that establishing education and training centers for it is successful in resulting in players with this particular game in a number of provinces national as well as international reputation? throughout Indonesia; one of them is the There are a lot of factors influencing the Football Training Center in Central Java capability to produce football players who are (Persebaya, 2003). capable of obtaining national as well as Football Training Centers have provided international achievement. According to a lot of benefits for prospective football players Suharno (1973), among the factors are the in Indonesia so that they are capable of gaining quality of the players, the coaches, the achievement at the national as well as organization, the nature, the government international levels. Based on observations on participation, the setting, the facilities, and the the realization of football supervision for junior financing. Soekarno (1986) emphasizes that players, it is inferred that it is still necessary to without adequate facilities achievement will improve all aspects of the training in a program never be obtained. Based on the above which is systematic, directional, and continual, description, it can be pointed out that the so that the players’ skill and achievement can be problem of this study is ‘how is the management improved in a relatively short period of time of the Football Training Center of Salatiga without their loss of opportunity to obtain Central Java. formal education. The term ‘management’ in English is In order to for young football players to derived from the base ‘manage’ meaning ‘to be gain opportunities to obtain formal education responsible for controlling or organizing and training simultaneously so that they can get someone or something especially a business’. good formal education and at the same time Due to the existence of the term ‘control or gain optimal achievement without any organize’ in such definition, a lot of Indonesian significant disturbance, they need institutions people understand the term ‘management’ as which are capable of realizing such ideals. controlling or organizing, i.e. an activity which In Indonesia among forum/institutions is closely related to controlling, guiding, and which are capable of generally realizing such organizing people subordinated by the ideals are training centers. There have been a organization in order to achieve certain number of football national training centers objectives, that have been decided. spread out in several provinces, among others is The above explanation shows that within the Football Training Center of Salatiga Central management there are two important issues, i.e. Java. This center realizes the organization (1) Position, that is ‘a rank or level in a system, management system, and operation company, competition or society’ provided for system in order to result in prospective football certain officers who fulfill the requirements for players who are capable of achievement without it. (1) Job that is various activities available having to lose their opportunities to obtain within an organization, staring from planning, formal education. arranging, supervising, administering, and Considered from the perspective of its controlling the activities of the organization to graduates, Football Training Center of Salatiga achieve certain goals. Central Java has been able to produce football The notion of management has been players with national as well as international developed extensively. There have been a lot

Imam Marsudi & Soegiyanto K.S. / The Journal of Educational Development 4 (1) (2016) number of insights, opinions, definitions, Java has been able to realized the programs that concepts, and theories concerning the notion of have been determined. As stated by Tead, management pointed out by experts. For quoted by Sarwono (1988), management is a example, GR. Terry’s opinion, as it was quoted process and a set of instruments leading and by Sudirman (1996). According to this expert, guiding activities of the organization in order to management is a typical process consisting of achieve goals that have been determined. planning, organizing, acetifying, and controlling The Football Training Center of Salatiga activities which are carried out in order to decide Central Java is an institution or training and and achieve goals that have been determined by education organization (Badudu-Zain, 2001) means of utilizing human resources as well as situated in Salatiga Central Java. other potentialities. According to Millet as it was quoted by METHODS Sarwoto (1988), management is a process of guiding and smoothening job operation of This study employed qualitative approach people who are organized in formal manner as a using descriptive method, in the form of survey group to achieve certain goals. Similarly, Koonts i.e. drawing as many data as possible about and Donnel quoted in Soekarno (1986) claim factors facilitating data on human resource, that management is an effort of obtaining financial, and facility management (Arikunto, particular results (objective) by employing other 1989). people. The research data were obtained through Based on the definitions presented above, comprehensive interviews and documentary it can be pointed out that management is a observation in the form of field notes, audio science and art of human effort to utilize all recording of the interviews, photographs, and resources, including natural resources, human other documents. resources, to achieve certain goals effectively and efficiently. In order to clarify the notion of RESULTS AND DISCUSSION management, observe the following figure. Furthermore, due its relation with the The results of this study show that the area or specialization of job within the aspects of human resources management for the organization, for instance the job specialization committee of the organization were determined concerning finance, labor, facilities, the terms by the central government through the center of like financial management, labor or human National Education. Meanwhile, the task of resources management, facility management, recruiting is in the hand of the sports section of and the like come into being. In this particular the National Education of the Central Java study on management, the subject was human Province. The criteria of the recruitment include resources management. possession of quality as coach/instructor, health, As a typical process triggering the commitment to advance sports and education operation of an organization, management plays simultaneously. Meanwhile, the requirements an important role because without effective for the candidates are as follows: A junior high management business will never last for long. school student or the first grader of senior The achievement of the goals of an organization high/vocational school, obtaining average score be it economic, social, or political is mostly of minimal 6.0, and 170 cm tall. The recruitment dependent on the competence of the managers itself starts from monitoring football events in coping with the respective organization. various regions followed by physical tests Management provides effectiveness the human including anthropometry, push up, back up, efforts (Sarwoto, 1988). high jump, and so on. The results of the tests Implementing proper management, the were processed in the Football Training Center Football Training Center in Salatiga Central in Salatiga for the average score of each

Imam Marsudi & Soegiyanto K.S. / The Journal of Educational Development 4 (1) (2016) candidate. These tests were then followed by The tasks of the talent scouting and health such other tests as passing, shooting, jagling, and officers include: a) coordinating with the all types of football playing techniques. The Indonesia National Sports Committee (KONI) potential skill in playing football was monitored and the regional committees in recruiting the by four talent scouts, whose results were then prospective trainees; b) making report on the ups processed resulting in 22 highest average scores and downs of the students’ achievement; c) for prospective player as students in the Center. together with the coaches conducting periodical All officers in the Football Training health tests; d) providing input to the coaches Center of Salatiga Central Java are government concerning the students’ condition for their officers except those in charge of cleaning and promotion or degradation; e) being responsible catering services who are under the supervision to the chief officer of the Football Training of the Education and Culture Office of Central Center in undertaking their task. Java Province. The organization of the Football The tasks of the tools or facilities officer Training Center in Salatiga Central Java is as include: a) gathering data on the number of follows. The officer in charge of financial training tools and other facilities; b) preparing commitment for the field of sports within the tools and facilities required during training; c) Education and Culture Office of Central Java maintaining tools and other facilities; d) being Province, Drs Martikno, M.Pd; Treasurer: Dra. responsible to the chief officer of the Football Christina Shajati; executive officer: the Training Center in undertaking their task. Government of Central Java Province; the chief The tasks of the dormitory officer include: officer of the Football Training Center in a) preparing boarding facilities; b) administering Salatiga Central Java: Drs. Sudjioto, M.Pd.; the or handling students accommodation and head of group of learning activities: Drs. catering at dormitory; preparing dormitory Bambang Siswoyo; three coaches: Sutopo, A., regulations; being responsible to the chief officer Ma.Pd. (chief coach), Drs. Budi Prasetyo of the Football Training Center in undertaking (training assistance), and Drs. Hadi Sudarwan. their task. In order for the management of the Given that one of the factors determining Football Training Center in Salatiga Central success or failure of the prospective players in Java to run properly, the committee had achieving their ideals is the coaches, in playing prepared themselves with elaboration of tasks their roles, functions, and responsibilities as the and functions as follows. The steering Football Training Center coaches, they are also committee member functions to provide required to be responsible to carry out the guidance and advice for the smoothness and detailed training programs, arranging training success of the education and training schedule, carrying out training programs that management. The organizing committee have been established, writing daily notes on the member is responsible to the whole processes of enhancement of the training achievement, training and management at the Education and evaluating program and training results, Training Center. The tasks of administrative and planning and administering try-outs. In carrying financial affairs includes: a) scheduling, out their tasks they are responsible to the chief budgeting, home keeping, and financial officer of the Football Training Center in accounting; b) arranging and preparing cost for undertaking their task. management and supervision activities; c) In order for the programs for the players gathering students data and the whole and students of the Football Training Center in management administration of the Football Salatiga Central Java to run smoothly, the Training Center; d) being responsible to the students of the Training Center have such rights Education and Training of the Football as: a) accommodation and food during their Training Center. period of study; b) facilities and training equipment available at the Center; c) school fees

Imam Marsudi & Soegiyanto K.S. / The Journal of Educational Development 4 (1) (2016) and other facilities than can be afforded by the field, Kridianggo Stadium Salatiga, and in Training Center; d) pocket money for each collaboration with Lapangan 511 Kostrad student; e) local transport for the students Salatiga, three units of dormitories furnished according to the Training Center’s capability; f) with studies and recreation rooms, a fitness medication for mild ailment; f) required books room furnished with ten units of fitness and other references. equipments, three main buildings for the In order for the students to observe all committee members and coaches, two buildings regulations issued by the Center, sanctions are for circuit training and a dining room as well as imposed on students who break the regulations. kitchen and Musholah. The other additional The sanctions may be in the form of reminder, facilities include 96 desks, 235 chairs, 62 warning, of dismissal from the Football Training cupboards, 92 beds, 2 telephone units, electricity Center in Salatiga Central Java if necessary. For connection of 8,000 watts, four units of water example a student who is unable to take his access, one unit of artesian well, a tennis court, responsibilities as students in the Center (such as and a volleyball court. absence from classes, obtaining bad scores, In providing motivation to players and failing in final examinations, considering students, with the hope that the Football teacher’s reports) can be dismissed from the Training Center in Salatiga Central Java runs school. Students who fail in taking their properly and in line with the expectation, the responsibilities as students of the Football Center offers supporting facilities in the form of Training Center can be dismissed from the the trainees’ studying at public schools such as school (for example, those who are unable to SMP Negeri (Public Junior High school) 2 and attend training to enhance their skill, according SMP Negeri 6, as well as SMA Negeri (Public to the coaches’ assessment). Senior High School) 2 and SMA Negeri 3 Dealing with the financial management, Salatiga, Central Java. Besides that, all the financial source of the Football Training students/trainees are also provided with Center in Salatiga Central Java is in accordance training/football boots, three sets of school with the Statute and Household Budget from uniforms annually, school facilities (including the State Budget under the umbrella of sports bag, books, and stationery), training facilities socialization and supervision projects. The (ball, vest, cone), transport facility, and pocket budget is utilized for food stuff, equipments, money. Generally, the facilities provided by the school operation, try-outs, health, training Football Training Center in salatiga Central costumes, and costumes for competitions. Java are considered being good and fulfilling the The total amount of annual budget for standard of the Indonesia Football Association each student is IDR20,000,000 (twenty million (PSSI). However, a number of facilities are old rupiah). It includes the budget for monthly enough and need maintenance. allowance of IDR100,000 for each student. The The human resource management of the daily consumption cost for each student is Football Training Center in Salatiga Central IDR17,000 in the form of menus catered by Java is implemented by using three phases of Football Training Center in Salatiga Central development. The first phase is the recruitment Java. of prospective students conducted at Regencies Dealing with the management aspect of and Municipalities. The second phase is the facilities in the Football Training Center in recruitment of student athlete through Training Salatiga Central Java, it can be pointed out that Center. The third phase is the recruitment of facilities possessed by the Center include students’ athlete achievement to be enhanced at buildings on an area of approximately 19,744m2 sports schools (such as SMP/SMA Negeri and additional facilities in the form of secretariat Ragunan Jakarta). office and coaches’ office, classrooms, training The recruitment of new students was halls, physical supervision, sports hall, football carried out by means of the Football Training

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Center in Salatiga Central Java in collaboration the Training Center’s management in with SKBs under the umbrella of the regional accordance with the pre-determined indices, governments. The students were then managed controlling in order to enhance the quality and by the Center. There were two management students’ achievement of the Training Center, models applied in the Center, i.e. sports and controlling the management of the Training management and academic management. The Center so that its quality is accountable. sports management model for the students The Center was in collaboration with the includes physical fitness, achievement, and Directorate General of Primary and Secondary health pre-test at the beginning of the training Education of the National Department of sessions, morning and evening exercises, try-out, Education in formulating policies concerning the and competition. The academic program realization of learning activities, formulating management includes studying beyond the policies in providing additional income for training and competition agendas, academic teachers who were involved in the management activities within the dormitory and working out of the Training Center, advocating the chores and additional activities as well as administration of tests including those of local academic assessment. and national, funding the cost of the teaching- The organization of the Football Training learning processes or school fees and the tests, in Center in Salatiga Central Java was managed by collaboration with the Directorate General of applying Line and Staff organization, i.e. the Sports in enhancing the quality of the sports manager is assisted by his/her staff and there is a teachers. kind of hierarchical command from the top rank The Center was also in collaboration with to the bottom one or from the center office to the the regional government or the authorities of the regional one. Education/Youth and Sports institution in The staff has functional authority of providing or facilitating accommodation and providing assistance or instructions in the form dormitory for the students, providing fund of concept of thought, labor, finance, material as through the fund allocated for general purposes, well as facilities which are capable of supporting and so on, providing fund for the maintenance the basic operation of the organization, i.e. the of facilities possessed by the Center, issuing Football Training Center in Salatiga Central policies through Regional Regulations Java. concerning the management of the Center, In order for the Football Training Center providing facilities for the students to develop in Salatiga Central Java to run properly and is their career after graduating from the Center. capable of achieving its goals, it is necessary to The Collaboration with the Indonesia for the staff to collaborate with various National Sports Committee (KONI) of the institutions related to their task and provincial level was focused on providing responsibility. Among the collaboration is that recommendation for the coaches in the Center, with the Directorate General of Sports of the providing support in organizing student sports National Education Department in formulating competitions, providing services in improving policies on the establishment of the Training the quality of the coaches in Indonesia, and Center, formulating policies on the management providing fund for supervision. of the Tainting Center, advocating the The collaboration with the Indonesia realization, evaluation, and responsibility in Football Association (PSSI) was focused on carrying out their activities, funding the students providing sports equipment and facilities, living allowance, sanitary, health, equipment finding out quality coaches to train the students and transport according to the predetermined in the Center on the basis of the allocation, providing wages, transportation, and recommendation of the Provincial KONI, training equipments according the providing guidebooks or games and competition predetermined allocation, providing salary for guides, assisting the techniques of organizing

Imam Marsudi & Soegiyanto K.S. / The Journal of Educational Development 4 (1) (2016) training and competition. It includes Sutopo become the first winner of the inter- collaboration with the Education, Youth, and Center championship throughout Indonesia. Sports Office in recruiting prospective players to Based on the results of this study, it can be study in the Center. inferred that the human resource, financial, One of the functional management of the facility management of the Football Training Center is the success of the Football Training Center in Salatiga Central Java has been Center in Salatiga Central Java controlling the managed properly, because good management students achievement that could be dedicated to may result in young football players with good the Indonesia Football Association (PSSI), quality. It can also be inferred that the Football football clubs joining the Indonesia Football Training Center in Salatiga Central Java has League. They are among others a) Kurniawan been dedicated to the Indonesia National Dwi Yulianto (Primavera – PSSI Asia); b) Football Association as well as football clubs Kurnia Sandy (Primavera – PSSI Asia); c) taking part in the Indonesia Football League, Supriyono (national team member of PSSI – and so on. In other words, if the management of Persita); d) Bambang Pamungkas (national team the Training Center or football clubs is not good, member of PSSI – Klub Malaysia); e) Johan the results or quality of the players will not good. Prasetyo (national team member of U 23 player - Persik Kediri); f) Modetus Setiawan (national CONCLUSION team member of U 23 player - Semen Padang); g) Jimmy Suparno (national team member of U The human resource, financial, and 23 player); h) Nova Ariyanto (Persebaya facility management of the Football Training Surabaya). Center in Salatiga Central Java has been The other successes include the Center’s functioning and operating properly. ability to produce talented young players who Good management is capable of resulting were accepted to continue their study at in football players who possess good quality and SMP/SMA Negeri Ragunan Jakarta, as the achievement. On the other hand, if the Football center of the Football Training Centers Training Centers and football clubs/associations throughout Indonesia. (The number of students are not properly managed, the results will be recruited at the particular school signified the declining. success of the Center in producing quality It is preferable that Training Centers and players.) Such achievement includes (first – football clubs lean and take as an example the fourth) winner of each inter Center management of the Football Training Center in championship which is conducted biannually Salatiga Central Java. that is every even year, (first – fourth) winner of On order for the training centers/football each national inter-school championship which clubs/associations throughout Indonesia to is also conducted biannually that is every odd maximize their results, it is necessary for the year. During Haryadi’s office period from 1987 Football Training Center in Salatiga Central – 2002, the Center won the four championships Java to be improved. in the Regional inter-student sports week (POPWIL), three championships in the National REFERENCES inter-student sports week (POPNAS), six continual championships in the inter-Center Arikunto, Suharsimi.1989. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu championships throughout Indonesia. During Pendekatan Praktek. Jakarta: Bina Aksara. the period of 2003 – 2005, i.e. during Sri Badudu & Zain, Kamus Bahasa Indonesia. SH. FIFA. 2001. Laws of The Game. Football Association Widadi’s office, the was decline of achievement; of Indonesia. the Center did not win any championship in Moleong, Lexy J. 2002. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. every competition. It was only in 2006 did the Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Center, when the office was taken over by

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