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INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ENDANGERED LANGUAGES In Canada, many Indigenous languages are in critical danger of going extinct from lack of use and educational support for maintaining the oral traditions that are necessary to pass on this knowledge to younger generations. Below is a map showing the distribution of these languages across Canada based on degree of endangerment: Map Source: Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing. Online version: http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas Languages in Danger, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Map Source: Moseley, INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ENDANGERED LANGUAGES Below is a table showing different Indigenous languages in Canada and their level of vitality and examples of communities in which these languages are spoken. This information comes from the UNESCO Atlas of World’s Languages in Danger and is based on data from the Statistics Canada 2006 Census. ORIGINAL NAME OF THE VITALITY NUMBER OF AVERAGE LOCATIONS COORDINATES NAME LANGUAGE SPEAKERS AGE OF (based on 2006 SPEAKER Census) Aivilingmiutut Aivilingmiutut Vulnerable 1,500 22 Spread over 2 lat : 64.2; communities in long : -83.2 Canada Nakhóta Assiniboine Critically 99 62 Spread over 2 lat : 50.4; endangered communities in long : -103.5 Canada Nuxálk Bella Coola Critically 99 59 Spread over 1 lat : 52.4; endangered community in long : -126.7 Canada Blackfoot Blackfoot Severely 3,300 45 Spread over 3 lat : 49.4; endangered communities in long : -113.3 Canada Central Ojibwe Central Ojibwe Severely 750 51 Spread over 13 lat : 50.3; endangered communities in long : -89.0 Canada Chilcotin Tsilhqot’in Definitely 1,300 44 Spread over 3 lat : 52.0; endangered communities in long : -123.2 Canada Dakota Dakhóta Severely 950 45 Spread over 6 lat : 49.8; endangered communities in long : -100.5 Canada Dëne Sųłiné Dene Suline Definitely 10,800 29 Spread over 25 lat : 56.5; endangered communities in long : -109.4 Canada Innu-aimun Eastern Vulnerable 6,500 26 Spread over 7 lat : 50.2; Montagnais communities in long : -66.2 Canada INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ENDANGERED LANGUAGES ORIGINAL NAME OF THE VITALITY NUMBER OF AVERAGE LOCATIONS COORDINATES NAME LANGUAGE SPEAKERS AGE OF (based on 2006 SPEAKER Census) Nishnaabemwin Eastern Ojibwe Critically 1,200 55 Spread over 15 lat : 44.8; (encompasses endangered communities in long : -80.2 both the Canada Ottawa and Eastern Ojibwe languages) Gitsenimx̱ Gitksan Severely 1,300 54 Spread over 6 lat : 55.4; endangered communities in long : -127.7 Canada Haisla Haisla Critically 200 63 One lat : 54.0; endangered community in long : -128.6 Canada Wyandot Huron-Wyandot Critically 49 n/a One lat : 46.9; endangered community in long : -71.4 Canada Inuinnaqtun Inuinnaqtun Definitely 1,000 43 Spread over 4 lat : 67.8; endangered communities in long : -115.3 Canada Kivallirmiutut Kivallirmiutut Vulnerable 5,500 25 Spread over 5 lat : 61.1; communities in long : -94.1 Canada Kwak’wala Kwak’wala Critically 400 61 Spread over 6 lat : 50.7; endangered communities in long : -127.45 Canada Lakota Lakota Critically 49 n/a One lat : 49.3; endangered community long : -106.4 in Canada St̓ át̓ imcets Lillooet Severely 650 50 Spread over 10 lat : 50.3; endangered communities in long : -122.7 Canada INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ENDANGERED LANGUAGES ORIGINAL NAME OF THE VITALITY NUMBER OF AVERAGE LOCATIONS COORDINATES NAME LANGUAGE SPEAKERS AGE OF (based on 2006 SPEAKER Census) Michif Michif Critically 900 55 Spread over 2 lat : 51.3; endangered communities in long : -104.0 Canada Ililīmowin Moose Cree Severely 150 52 Spread over 2 lat : 52.3; endangered communities in long : -81.6 Canada Nisga’a Nisga’a Critically 750 n/a Spread over 3 lat : 55.2; endangered communities in long : -129.1 Canada Nuu-chah-nulth Nootka Critically 350 56 Spread over 7 lat : 49.3; endangered communities in long : -126.1 Canada Northern Northern Severely 200 52 Spread over 3 lat : 62.8; Tutchone Tutchone endangered communities in long : -136.6 Canada Onǫda’géga’ Onondaga Critically 50 n/a One lat : 43.1; endangered community long : -80.1 in Canada Nishnaabemwin Ottawa Severely 2,000 n/a Manitoulin lat : 42.6; (Encompasses endangered (estimate) Island, Ontario; long : -82.5 both the Walpole Island, Ottawa and Ontario; Mount Eastern Ojibwe Pleasant, languages) Michigan and other reserves in Ontario and Michigan. Nēhiyawēmowin Plains Cree Vulnerable 29,900 36 Spread over 88 lat : 56.4; (northern); communities in long : -113.8 Nēhiyawēwin Canada (southern) INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ENDANGERED LANGUAGES ORIGINAL NAME OF THE VITALITY NUMBER OF AVERAGE LOCATIONS COORDINATES NAME LANGUAGE SPEAKERS AGE OF (based on 2006 SPEAKER Census) Bodéwadmimwen Potawatomi Critically 50 n/a One lat : 42.5; endangered community in long : -82.6 Canada Qikiqtaaluk Qikiqtaaluk Vulnerable 5,740 26 Spread over 5 lat : 63.8; nigiani nigiani communities in long : -68.5 Canada Qikiqtaaluk Qikiqtaaluk Vulnerable 4,550 21 Spread over 8 lat : 69.48; uannangani uannangani communities in long : -81.6 Canada Nakawēmowin Saulteau Vulnerable 6,558 41 Spread over 64 lat : 50.6; communities in long : -98.7 Canada Nakhóda Stoney Vulnerable 2,765 28 Spread over 5 lat : 51.2; communities in long : -114.9 Canada Rigolet Inuktitut Eastern Critically 50 n/a One lat : 54.2; (en), inuktitut Canadian endangered community long : -58.4 rigolet (fr), inuí Inuktitut in Canada rigolet (es) Tsuut’ina Sarcee Severely 150 50 One lat : 51.0; endangered community long : -114.4 in Canada Onötowáka Seneca Critically 50 n/a One lat : 43.1; endangered community long : -80.2 in Canada Sḵwx̱ wú7mesh Squamish Severely n/a 53 Spread over 3 lat : 49.3; sníchim endangered communities in long : -123.1 Canada INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ENDANGERED LANGUAGES ORIGINAL NAME OF THE VITALITY NUMBER OF AVERAGE LOCATIONS COORDINATES NAME LANGUAGE SPEAKERS AGE OF (based on 2006 SPEAKER Census) Nēhinawēwin Swampy Cree Vulnerable 21,300 31 Spread over 30 lat : 54.0; communities in long : -97.8 Canada Łingít Tlingit Critically 100 60 Spread over 2 lat : 60.2; endangered communities in long : -132.7 Canada Wôbanakiôdwawôgan Western Critically 50 n/a One lat : 46.1; Abenaki endangered community long : -72.8 in Canada Ilnu-aimun Western Vulnerable 3900 30 Spread over 3 lat : 49.0; Montagnais communities in long : -68.6 Canada Skarù·rę’ Tuscarora Critically 50 n/a One lat : 43.1; endangered community long : -80.0 in Canada.
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