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Local Report: the Case of Turin, Italy

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Local Report: the Case of Turin, Italy Work Package 6 – The local arena for combating poverty Local report: The case of Turin, Italy Franca Maino and Marco Zamboni University of Milan Department of Social and Political Sciences Final report (November 2013) FP7 project ‘Combating Poverty in Europe: Re-organising Active Inclusion through Participatory and Integrated Modes of Multilevel Governance’ Grant Agreement no. 290488 Coordinating Organisation: Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (CETRO) This project is funded by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme Contents Contents................................................................................................................................................... 2 Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Tables ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Figures..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Interviewee list ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 8 1. Local socio-economic context: needs, poverty and challenges........................................................... 9 1.1 Population and demographic changes........................................................................................... 9 1.2 Pattern of industrial re-structuring.............................................................................................. 11 1.3 Financial situation....................................................................................................................... 12 1.4 Labor market patterns ................................................................................................................. 13 1.5 Poverty and social assistance indicators ..................................................................................... 15 2. Local political and institutional context and the debate on poverty.................................................. 22 3. Governance structure and formal regulation of local minimum income scheme and measures against poverty................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.1 National and regional measures against poverty implemented at the local level ....................... 32 3.1.1 Family policies .....................................................................................................................32 3.1.1 Housing policies ...................................................................................................................36 3.2 Economic assistance measures designed and implemented by city of Turin ............................. 43 3.2.1 Minimum income for people not able to work (Reddito di mantenimento).........................47 3.2.2 Minimum income for people able to work (Reddito di inserimento sociale).......................48 3.2.3 Economic grants for housing................................................................................................49 3.2.4 Economic grants for specific needs......................................................................................49 3.3 Fee and tax reductions ................................................................................................................ 50 3.4 Strengths and weaknesses of local economic assistance schemes.............................................. 51 4. Programs against poverty provided by third sector in Turin............................................................. 54 4.1 Compagnia di San Paolo and Ufficio Pio ................................................................................... 54 4.2 Specchio dei Tempi Foundation ................................................................................................. 63 4.3 Diocesan Caritas of Turin ........................................................................................................... 64 4.4 Society of Saint Vincent de Paul .............................................................................................66 5. Local activation structures ................................................................................................................ 68 5.1 The voucher for accessory work................................................................................................. 69 5.2 Social benefit against the occupational crisis ............................................................................. 71 5.3 Occupational mobility training ................................................................................................... 72 6. Combating poverty, actors and models of governance in Turin ....................................................... 74 7. Conclusive remarks ........................................................................................................................... 79 References ............................................................................................................................................. 81 2 Foreword Reducing poverty and social exclusion is one of the main challenges for ensuring social cohesion in Europe. The research project COPE – Combating Poverty in Europe: Re- organising Active Inclusion through Participatory and Integrated Modes of Multilevel Governance – analyses trends of poverty and social exclusion in Europe, and examines the dynamics of minimum income protection policies that potentially help alleviate the risk of poverty in Europe. A particular focus is on the situation of single mothers, long-term unemployed and the working poor, who face particular risks of poverty and social exclusion. To what extent have minimum income policies functioned as last resort social security for these three groups, and in what sense can ‘active inclusion’ policies credited with protecting them from poverty and social exclusion? Co-financed by the European Commission in the 7th Framework Programme, the COPE project unites researchers and stakeholders from six European countries, the UK, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and Norway. Having started in February 2012, COPE runs over a three-year period. COPE’s method is comparative – analysing developments in five European countries (Poland, Germany, UK, Sweden and Italy). Its focus is inherently multi-level, looking in turn at developments at European, national and local level. The present report is part of COPE’s effort to uncover the dynamics of local level policy reforms in the area ‘active inclusion’, namely reforms affecting local policies that specify the adequacy of minimum income benefits, the provision of employment services, as well as the organisation of access to social services. It focuses particularly on the three groups’ single mothers, long-term unemployed persons, as well as the working poor. The present report is complemented by local case studies covering developments in the other four countries. It feeds into a comparative report on similarities and differences in the development of minimum income protection across Europe, to be published later in 2013. 3 Tables Table 1 Transfers for current expenses to the city of Turin Table 2 Financial situation in the city of Turin Table 3a Employment rates in Italy and a comparison between Provinces of Turin, Genoa and Milan in % (2007-2012) Table 3b Unemployment rates in Italy and a comparison between Provinces of Turin, Genoa and Milan in % (2007-2012) Table 3c Number of unemployed in province of Turin (unemployed with more than 15 years) Table 4 Incidence of absolute poverty for households Table 5 Incidence of absolute poverty for individuals Table 6 Absolute poverty in North Italy Table 7 Incidence of relative poverty for households Table 8 People at risk of poverty or social exclusion (% of total population) Table 9 Expenditure for social assistance and source of financing in city of Turin Table 10 Social spending per resident and social spending for economic assistance in city of Turin Table 11 Mayors and party coalitions in Turin (1975-2013) Table 12 Division of responsibility between levels of government on measures to fight poverty Table 13 Grant amount and total expenditure for maternity allowances, family allowances for at least three minor children and economic contribution for at least 4 children Table 14 New social card – monthly contribution Table 15 New social card: scores for priority list Table 16 Fund for rent support in Piedmont: national and regional financing Table 17 Fund for rent support in Turin Table 18 Main differences between old and new regulation of Regional Social Fund Table 19 Regional Social Fund in Turin Table 20 Economic scheme to support household income governed by city of Turin Table 21 Economic assistance schemes for fighting poverty offered by city of Turin (2012) Table 22 Total spending for economic assistance schemes offered by city of Turin Table 23 Minimum Income (Reddito
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