DOCSLIB.ORG

International Migration in the Americas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
International Migration in the Americas INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE AMERICAS SICREMI 2012 Organization of American States Organization of American States INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE AMERICAS Second Report of the Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREMI) 2012 OAS Cataloging-in-Publication Data International Migration in the Americas: Second Report of the Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREMI) 2012. p.; cm. Includes bibliographical references. (OEA Documentos Oficiales; OEA Ser.D) (OAS Official Records Series; OEA Ser.D) ISBN 978-0-8270-5927-6 1. Emigration and immigration--Economic aspects. 2. Emigration and immigration--Social aspects. 3. Emigration and im- migration law. 4. Alien labor. 5. Refugees. I. Organization of American States. Department of Social Development and Employment. Migration and Development Program (MIDE). II. Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREMI). III. Title: Second Report of the Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (SICREMI) 2012. IV. Series. OEA/Ser.D/XXVI.2.2 ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES 17th Street and Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006, USA www.oas.org All rights reserved. Secretary General, OAS José Miguel Insulza Assistant Secretary General, OAS Albert R. Ramdin Executive Secretary for Integral Development Sherry Tross Director, Department of Social Development and Employment Ana Evelyn Jacir de Lovo The partial or complete reproduction of this document without previous authorization could result in a violation of the applicable law. The Department of Social Development and Employment supports the dissemination of this work and will normally authorize permission for its reproduction. To request permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this publication, please send a request to: Department of Social Development and Employment Organization of American States 1889 F ST N.W. Washington D.C. 20006, USA Fax: 202-458-3149 E-mail: [email protected] This publication was designed by Miki Fernández of Ultradesigns, Inc., translated by Pablo Ros and edited by Amy Carattini. Luisa Godinez and Ana Maria Lara of the Department of Social Development and Employment - DDSE of the Organization of American States provided logistical support for the production of this publication. Production oversight was provided by Araceli Azuara until August 2012. This publication is available online at www.migracionoea.org/sicremi / iii he coordination and production of this Report was jointly managed by Juan Manuel Jiménez Martínez and Marcia Bebianno Simões, Specialists of the Department of Social Development Tand Employment (DSDE) of the Organization of American States (OAS) and Georges Lemaitre, Principal Administrator of the International Migration Division of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). María Gueddy Moreno, consultant of the DSDE of the OAS was in charge of the legal framework for migration policy in participating countries and Katiuska Lourenco, consultant of the DSDE, contributed to the production of the historical overviews of mi- gration. Veronique Gindrey, statistician and Josep Mestres, economist, of the OECD, provided sup- port in statistics and in the analysis of labor market outcomes. María Natalia Bajuk and María Luisa Hayem Brevé, Remittances Specialists of the Access to Fi- nance Unit of the Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF) of the Inter-American Development Bank, and René Maldonado, coordinator of MIF project “Improving Central Bank Remittance Reporting and Procedures”, were in charge of the section on remittances. The content of this report is based on the official information provided and validated by the Network of National Correspondents designated by the OAS member countries participating in this second report. Preparation and dissemination of this document was made possible thanks to the contribution of the Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion para el Desarrollo, AECID, and the Canadian International Development Agency, CIDA. / v FOREWORD ountries of origin and destination countries both stand to gain from international migration, an issue that ranks high on the policy agenda of many governments around the world. For Cmany countries of origin, including in Latin America and the Caribbean, international migra- tion offers opportunities for people to work abroad and support their family members who have stayed behind. On the other hand, many destination countries, particularly high-income countries, see international migration as a means of addressing the labour market challenges posed by an aging population and the retirement of the post-World War II “baby boomers.” To better inform policy discussions on international migration, the Continuous Reporting System on International Migration in the Americas (known by its Spanish acronym, SICREMI) was jointly launched by the Organization of American States (OAS) and the Organization for Economic Coop- eration and Development (OECD). It aims to develop annual statistics and analyses of international migration trends within, as well as to and from the Western Hemisphere. The reporting system and the resulting annual publication (International Migration in the Americas) are modeled on The Inter- national Migration Outlook produced annually by the OECD for OECD countries. The current edition of International Migration in the Americas — the second annual report of the SICREMI — provides an overview of international migration to and from the countries of the Ameri- cas, with information on the labor force outcomes of emigrants from the Americas to OECD coun- tries, and features a special chapter on remittances from immigrants to their countries of origin. Among its main messages, the report calls for a more informed discussion on migration issues, based on solid statistics and evidence-based analysis. The report shows that the rollback in migra- tion flows in recent years has been relatively small, given the seriousness of the economic crisis. This outcome underscores the importance of international migration for the global economy, even under complex circumstances like the ones we confront, and suggests that migration flows will likely increase again as the global recovery takes hold. The report finds that the adverse economic situation in Spain and the United States has resulted in a slight but noticeable redirection of migration flows from the Americas to other OECD countries. It also examines the labor market situation of immigrants from the Americas in OECD countries. In particular, the report finds that, in the case of the United States, after the crisis, joblessness has fallen more rapidly among immigrants from the Americas than for the native-born population or migrants from other parts of the world. vi / INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE AMERICAS SICREMI 2012 ISBN 978-0-8270-5927-6 Participation in the SICREMI network has expanded from nine countries in the first phase to the eighteen in this edition. This increase illustrates the interest of the governments of the region in an approach to discussions on migration based on solid data and analysis. However, the effort is not complete. This second issue of International Migration in the Americas demonstrates that even while a certain momentum has been gained, there remains much work to be done. We therefore commit ourselves to support this effort in the firm belief that it can significantly con- tribute, to meaningful dialogue on migration issues, among the countries of the Americas. José Miguel Insulza Angel Gurría Secretary General of the Secretary-General of the Organization of American States Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development / vii NETWORK OF NATIONAL CORRESPONDENTS SICREMI 2012 The participating organizations would like to express their special thanks to the National Corre- spondents of the 18 participating OAS Member States and their teams, who worked hard to produce the national reports, based in which this report was developed. Argentina Martín Arias Duval, Director, Dirección Nacional de Migraciones Federico Luis Agusti, Director of International and Social Affairs, Dirección Nacional de Migraciones Eduardo E. Estévez, Consultant, Migration Information Unit, Dirección Nacional de Migraciones Barbados Erine Griffith, Chief Immigration Officer, Immigration Department Belize Tiffany Vasquez, Specialist, Statistical Institute of Belize Bolivia (Plurinational State of) German Guaygua Choqueguaita, Chief of Consular Policy Unit, Dirección General de Asuntos Consulares, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Brazil Denise Barros Pereira, Chief of Nationality and Naturalization Division, Departamento de Estrangeiros, Secretaria Nacional de Justiça, Ministério da Justiça Canada Martha Justus, Director, Research and Evaluation, Citizenship and Immigration Canada Chile Francisco Pérez Walker, Director, Direccion General de Asuntos Consulares y de Inmigración, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Ricardo Vargas Zamorano, Director of Consular Policy, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Pedro O. Hernández González, Chief, Departamento Planificación Migratoria Internacional, Dirección para la Comunidad de Chilenos en el Exterior, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores viii / INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE AMERICAS SICREMI 2012 ISBN 978-0-8270-5927-6 Colombia Ivonne Forero Bejarano , Coordinator, Grupo Interno de Trabajo Colombia Nos Une, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Costa Rica Kathya Rodríguez A., Director, Dirección General de Migración
Load more

Recommended publications
  • La Esclavitud Negra En Santiago De Chile, 1740-1823❧
    3 Un concurso de síntomas o la enfermedad como categoría plástica: la esclavitud negra en Santiago de Chile, 1740-1823❧ Tamara Alicia Araya Fuentes Fiocruz - Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Brasil https://doi.org/10.7440/histcrit76.2020.01 Recepción: 29 de abril de 2019 / Aceptación: 21 de octubre de 2019 / Modificación: 27 de noviembre de 2019 Cómo citar: Araya Fuentes, Tamara Alicia. “Un concurso de síntomas o la enfermedad como categoría plástica: la esclavitud negra en Santiago de Chile, 1740-1823”. Historia Crítica, n.° 76 (2020): 3-25, doi: https://doi.org/10.7440/ histcrit76.2020.01 Resumen. Objetivo/Contexto: Revisar la enfermedad como categoría de análisis caracterizada por su plasticidad. A la vez, resaltar cómo desde ella se pueden comprender particularidades de la esclavitud negra del Chile tardo-colonial. En particular, apreciar que algunas dolencias, o ciertos contextos en que ellas se revelaron, exponen desencuentros entre esclavizados y propietarios, o entre distintos amos, y límites de la esclavitud, como la dificultad en la realización de labores y tareas domésticas.Originalidad : Destacar las posibilidades analíticas de la categoría enfermedad para comprender la esclavitud que fue parte de la trata trasatlántica en Chile y subrayar que fue un elemento que controvirtió la esclavitud, en algunos casos, por parte de las mismas personas esclavizadas. Metodología: El artículo dialoga con la historiografía que sitúa la enfermedad como categoría, junto con aquella que trabaja la historia de la esclavitud afrodescendiente. Diferentes aspectos de la esclavitud son analizados a partir de una treintena de litigios donde aparecen esclavas y esclavos con enfermedades, heridas y dolencias en los tribunales de justicia de Santiago, ciudad de la Capitanía General de Chile, entre 1740 y 1823.
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Relations Between Romania and Spain Babucea; Rabontu; Balacescu
    Commercial relations between romania and spain Babucea; Rabontu; Balacescu COMMERCIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN ROMANIA AND SPAIN _____________________________________________________________ Babucea, Ana Gabriela1 Rabontu, Cecilia Irina Balacescu, Aniela Constantin Brancusi University of TarguJiu [email protected] [email protected], [email protected] Material original autorizado para su primera publicación en la revista académica REDMARKA. Revista Digital de Marketing Aplicado. https://doi.org/redma.2014.01.013.4877 Recibido: 7 Julio 2014 Aceptado 1 Diciembre 2014 Abstract: Member countries of European Union, Romania and Spain are implementing EU policies in all fields including trade with other countries or between them. The trade is a sector of activity that has a large internal organization with complexity and significance starting from the activities of distribution to export-import activities. The evolution of economic and social systems of each country can be achieved through trade. The purpose of this paper is to make a comparison between the economic status of Romania and Spain, between the trade conducted by the two countries but also an analysis of commercial relations between them. It will be used in this analysis statistical data provided by the World Trade Organization, the National Institute of Statistics of Romania, the National Statistics Institute of Spain and studies in this regard so far. 1. INTRODUCTION Romania and Spain, are two nations with historical and traditional deep affinities, and the ties between them were relaunched and expanded over time. In the economy of any country, trade is one of the most effective components of the tertiary sector, which contributes in significant proportions to the achievement of major macroeconomic indicators and thus to economic growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report Nnd Minutes
    WHO Regional Committee for South-East Asia final Report nnd Minutes Fortieth Session, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 15-21 Sep~ember1987 WORLD HEALTH 0RG.t-NEZATION Regional Offic; for South-East Asia New Delhi, No ember 1985 -. WHO Regional Committee for South-East Asia Final Report and Minutes Fortieth Session, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 15-21 September 1987 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION Regional Office for South-East Asia New Delhi, November 1987 CONTENTS Page SECTION I - REPORT OF THE REGIONAL COMMITTEE INTRODUCTION PART I - RESOLUTIONS SEA/RC~O/RL Prevention and Control of AIDS in the South-East Asia Region SEA/RC~O/R~ Management of WHO'S Resources SEA/RC~O/R~ Information and Education for Health in Support of Health for All by the Year 2000 SEA/RC~~/R~Targeting for Reorientation of Medical Education for Health Manpower Development in the Context of Achieving Health for All by the Year 2000 sEA/Rc~O/R~ Intensification of PHC Through District Health Systems Towards Achieving Health for All by the Year 2000 SEA/RC~O/R~Method of Appointment of the Regional Director sEA/Rc~O/R~Thirty-ninth Annual Report of the Regional Director sEA/Rc~O/RB Selection of a Topic for Technical Discussions a. SEA/RCLO/R~ Resolution of Thanks sEA/R~40/R10 Time and Place of Forty-first and Forty-second Sessions s~A/RC40/Rll Detailed Programme Budget for 1988-1989 and Report of the Sub-Committee on Programme Budget Page v PART I1 - DISCUSSION ON THE THIRTY-NINTH AlRmAL REPORT OF THE REGIONAL DIRECTOR PART I11 - EXAMINATION OF THE DETAILED PROGR4KME BUDGET FOR 1988-1989 PART IV - DISCUSSION ON OTHER MATTERS Item 1.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Alternative Country Names
    List of alternative country names From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Most countries of the world have alternative names. Some countries have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known alternative names and initialisms for all nations, countries and sovereign states, in English and any predominant or official languages of the country in question. Countries are listed alphabetically by their description, the most common name or term that is politically neutral and unambiguous. This may followed by a note as to the status of the description used. Contents [hide] • 1 A • 2 B • 3 C • 4 D • 5 E • 6 F • 7 G • 8 H • 9 I • 10 J • 11 K • 12 L • 13 M • 14 N • 15 P • 16 R • 17 S • 18 T • 19 U • 20 V • 21 Z • 22 See also • 23 References [edit] A Description Other name(s) or older name(s) Albania Republic of Albania (official, English), Shqipëria (common, Albanian) (common, Republika e Shqipërisë (official, Albanian) English) Algeria People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (official, English), al-Jazā’ir (common, (common, Arabic), al Jumhuriyya al Jazaa'iriyya ad-Dīmuqrāţiyya ash English) Sha'biyya (official, Arabic) Armenia (common, Hayastan (transliterated Armenian, original: Հայաստան) English) Australia Commonwealth of Australia (official, English), New Holland (former name, (common, English) English) Austria Republic of Austria (official, English), Republik Österreich (official, German), (common, Österreich (common, German) English) [edit] B Description Other
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Political Reactions in Spain from the 1930S to the Present
    Comparative Political Reactions in Spain from the 1930s to the Present Undergraduate Research Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with honors research distinction in Spanish in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Benjamin Chiappone The Ohio State University April 2020 Project Advisor: Professor Eugenia Romero, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Co-Advisor: Professor Ignasi Gozalo-Salellas, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………3 1. The Franco Regime • Francoism & Fascist European Counterparts…………………………………………6 • Franco & the Coup d’état……………………………………………………10 • Memory of the Dictatorship…………………………………………………...12 2. Left-Wing Reactions • CNT & Anarchist Traditions…………………………………………14 • ETA’s Terrorism………………………………………………………………21 • The Catatonia Crisis…………………………………………………………31 • Catalonia & Protest Through the 1992 Olympic Games…………………..35 3. VOX: a Right-Wing Reaction • VOX’s Success & Politics……………………………..…………………...41 Conclusion……………………………………………………..……………..50 2 Introduction George Santayana, a 20th century philosopher once said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” In Spain’s Pacto de Olvido, the goal was just that, to forget. The pact was initially a political decision, but was given legal legitimacy in the Ley De Amnistía. The decree prevented any accountability for the people who were killed, tortured, and exiled during the civil war. It pardoned those (even far-right military commanders) who were involved in the regime, allowed those who were exiled to return to Spain, and has prevented the nation from investigating human rights violations under the dictatorship. Further, the pact prevented any observation of the war or any commission to look into who bore responsibility for the war (Encarnación). Regardless, memory is crucial in order to understand the past of a nation and its trajectory moving forward.
    [Show full text]
  • Permanent War on Peru's Periphery: Frontier Identity
    id2653500 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com ’S PERIPHERY: FRONT PERMANENT WAR ON PERU IER IDENTITY AND THE POLITICS OF CONFLICT IN 17TH CENTURY CHILE. By Eugene Clark Berger Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in History August, 2006 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Date: Jane Landers August, 2006 Marshall Eakin August, 2006 Daniel Usner August, 2006 íos Eddie Wright-R August, 2006 áuregui Carlos J August, 2006 id2725625 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com HISTORY ’ PERMANENT WAR ON PERU S PERIPHERY: FRONTIER IDENTITY AND THE POLITICS OF CONFLICT IN 17TH-CENTURY CHILE EUGENE CLARK BERGER Dissertation under the direction of Professor Jane Landers This dissertation argues that rather than making a concerted effort to stabilize the Spanish-indigenous frontier in the south of the colony, colonists and indigenous residents of 17th century Chile purposefully perpetuated the conflict to benefit personally from the spoils of war and use to their advantage the resources sent by viceregal authorities to fight it. Using original documents I gathered in research trips to Chile and Spain, I am able to reconstruct the debates that went on both sides of the Atlantic over funds, protection from ’ th pirates, and indigenous slavery that so defined Chile s formative 17 century. While my conclusions are unique, frontier residents from Paraguay to northern New Spain were also dealing with volatile indigenous alliances, threats from European enemies, and questions about how their tiny settlements could get and keep the attention of the crown.
    [Show full text]
  • Colonización, Resistencia Y Mestizaje En Las Américas (Siglos Xvi-Xx)
    COLONIZACIÓN, RESISTENCIA Y MESTIZAJE EN LAS AMÉRICAS (SIGLOS XVI-XX) Guillaume Boccara (Editor) COLONIZACIÓN, RESISTENCIA Y MESTIZAJE EN LAS AMÉRICAS (SIGLOS XVI-XX) IFEA (Lima - Perú) Ediciones Abya-Yala (Quito - Ecuador) 2002 COLONIZACIÓN, RESISTENCIA Y MESTIZAJE EN LAS AMÉRICAS (SIGLOS XVI-XX) Guillaume Boccara (editor) 1ra. Edición: Ediciones Abya-Yala Av. 12 de octubre 14-30 y Wilson Telfs.: 593-2 2 506-267 / 593-2 2 562-633 Fax: 593-2 2 506-255 / 593-2 2 506-267 E-mail: [email protected] Casilla 17-12-719 Quito-Ecuador • Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos IFEA Contralmirante Montero 141 Casilla 18-1217 Telfs: (551) 447 53 66 447 60 70 Fax: (511) 445 76 50 E-mail: [email protected] Lima 18-Perú ISBN: 9978-22-206-5 Diagramcación: Ediciones Abya-Yala Quito-Ecuador Diseño de portada: Raúl Yepez Impresión: Producciones digitales Abya-Yala Quito-Ecuador Impreso en Quito-Ecuador, febrero del 2002 Este libro corresponde al tomo 148 de la serie “Travaux de l’Institut Francais d’Etudes Andines (ISBN: 0768-424-X) INDICE Introducción Guillaume Boccara....................................................................................................................... 7 Primera parte COLONIZACIÓN, RESISTENCIA Y MESTIZAJE (EJEMPLOS AMERICANOS) I. Jonathan Hill & Susan Staats: Redelineando el curso de la historia: Estados euro-americanos y las culturas sin pueblos..................................................................................................................... 13 II. José Luis Martínez, Viviana Gallardo, & Nelson
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Cited in Lizards Natural History Database
    Literature Cited in Lizards Natural History database Abdala, C. S., A. S. Quinteros, and R. E. Espinoza. 2008. Two new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the puna of northwestern Argentina. Herpetologica 64:458-471. Abdala, C. S., D. Baldo, R. A. Juárez, and R. E. Espinoza. 2016. The first parthenogenetic pleurodont Iguanian: a new all-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from western Argentina. Copeia 104:487-497. Abdala, C. S., J. C. Acosta, M. R. Cabrera, H. J. Villaviciencio, and J. Marinero. 2009. A new Andean Liolaemus of the L. montanus series (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from western Argentina. South American Journal of Herpetology 4:91-102. Abdala, C. S., J. L. Acosta, J. C. Acosta, B. B. Alvarez, F. Arias, L. J. Avila, . S. M. Zalba. 2012. Categorización del estado de conservación de las lagartijas y anfisbenas de la República Argentina. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 26 (Suppl. 1):215-248. Abell, A. J. 1999. Male-female spacing patterns in the lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. Amphibia-Reptilia 20:185-194. Abts, M. L. 1987. Environment and variation in life history traits of the Chuckwalla, Sauromalus obesus. Ecological Monographs 57:215-232. Achaval, F., and A. Olmos. 2003. Anfibios y reptiles del Uruguay. Montevideo, Uruguay: Facultad de Ciencias. Achaval, F., and A. Olmos. 2007. Anfibio y reptiles del Uruguay, 3rd edn. Montevideo, Uruguay: Serie Fauna 1. Ackermann, T. 2006. Schreibers Glatkopfleguan Leiocephalus schreibersii. Munich, Germany: Natur und Tier. Ackley, J. W., P. J. Muelleman, R. E. Carter, R. W. Henderson, and R. Powell. 2009. A rapid assessment of herpetofaunal diversity in variously altered habitats on Dominica.
    [Show full text]
  • SUBMISSION GUIDELINES in Effect Beginning with Issue 14.3 and New Submissions from December 1, 2020
    GENOCIDE STUDIES AND PREVENTION SUBMISSION GUIDELINES In effect beginning with Issue 14.3 and new submissions from December 1, 2020 Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal (GSP) publishes empirical and theoretical work that deals with collective violence – with a focus on genocides. It promotes the scholarly discussion of concepts and cases that address the causes, occurrences, consequences, and the prevention and punishment of such violence. This peer-reviewed journal publishes articles on the latest developments in research, theory, and policy from various disciplines and fields including anthropology, criminology, education, gender studies, history, law, literature, philosophy, political science, psychology, religious studies, social theory, sociology, and visual culture. GSP features full research articles, (legal) case studies, field notes, state of the field articles, art pieces and literary works, translations of important documents from languages other than English, as well book and art reviews. Lemkin and the Genocide Convention: GSP is a journal specializing in the subject of genocide studies. It is, therefore, assumed that authors and readers have knowledge of the basic facts of the history of Raphaël Lemkin and his creation of the word genocide, as well as the Genocide Convention and its definition of genocide. Therefore, we request that authors DO NOT include an outline of such facts in their article. This does not preclude authors from discussing more detailed aspects of Lemkin or the Genocide Convention, nor from including their own interpretation of the definition of genocide. GSP conforms to the Chicago Manual of Style, specifically the 17th edition. For questions not answered here, please consult the Chicago Manual of Style, a quick citations guide can be found here.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Agricultural Sustainability on a Mixed Vineyard and Olive-Grove Farm in Southern Spain Through the INSPIA Model
    sustainability Article Evaluation of Agricultural Sustainability on a Mixed Vineyard and Olive-Grove Farm in Southern Spain through the INSPIA Model Paula Triviño-Tarradas 1,* , Pilar Carranza-Cañadas 1, Francisco-Javier Mesas-Carrascosa 1 and Emilio J. Gonzalez-Sanchez 2,3 1 Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica y Geomática, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; [email protected] (P.C.-C.); [email protected] (F.-J.M.-C.) 2 Departamento de Ingeniería Rural, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; [email protected] 3 Asociación Española Agricultura de Conservación. Suelos Vivos—European Conservation Agriculture Federation (AEAC.SV-ECAF), 14004 Córdoba, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-957-21-84-56 Received: 13 December 2019; Accepted: 31 January 2020; Published: 4 February 2020 Abstract: The volume of the food produced across the world should be related to agricultural sustainability and is crucial for natural capital protection. Hence, sustainability assessment on farms and the identification of improvements is relevant. A mixed farm of vineyard and olive trees was chosen for sustainability assessment, based on the Best Management Practices (BMPs) that have been implemented. The aim of this research was to assess sustainability on a mixed vineyard and olive-grove farm and validate the INSPIA model for this kind of typology of a farm, which is very typical in the South of Spain. The sustainability assessment was monitored across 5-agricultural seasons based on the INSPIA methodology. INSPIA is based on the application of a set of BMPs, calculated on 31 basic indicators, providing a final composite index of sustainability. The greater the implementation of sustainable farming practices, the higher the value of the composite index.
    [Show full text]
  • Constitutional & Parliamentary Information
    UNION INTERPARLEMENTAIRE INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION CCoonnssttiittuuttiioonnaall && PPaarrlliiaammeennttaarryy IInnffoorrmmaattiioonn Half-yearly Review of the Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments The impact of Brexit as felt by other parliaments in the European Union (Dr Georg KLEEMANN, Germany) The impact of Brexit as felt by other parliaments in the European Union (Peter FINNEGAN, Ireland) The presidential system to be implemented in Turkey in 2019 (Mehmet Ali KUMBUZOGLU, Turkey) The procedure followed in the Senate for the application of Section 155.1 of the Spanish Constitution in relation to the self-governing community of Catalonia (Manuel CAVERO, Spain) The formation of a government in a multi-party democracy (Geert Jan A. HAMILTON, Netherlands) The relationship between Parliament and Government (General debate) The Standing Rules and Reforms in the National Assembly: Parliament of the Republic of South Africa (Masibulele XASO, South Africa) The Parliament of Bahrain’s experiment in communication with community (Abdullah ALDOSERI, Bahrain) Participation of society in the innovation process in parliaments (Mauro Limeira Mena BARRETO, Brazil) Participation of society in the innovation process in parliaments (Ali YILDIZ, Parliamentary Assembly of Turkic-speaking countries (TURKPA)) Free speech and parliamentary privilege in plenary sittings (Charles ROBERT, Canada) Judicial scrutiny over internal parliamentary affairs (General debate) Review of the ASGP / 68th year / No 215 / Geneva, 26 – 28 March 2018 ASSOCIATION DES SECRETAIRES ASSOCIATION OF SECRETARIES- GENERAUX DES PARLEMENTS GENERAL OF PARLIAMENTS UNION INTERPARLEMENTAIRE INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION MINUTES OF THE SPRING SESSION GENEVA 26 – 28 MARCH 2018 1 2 INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION Aims The Inter-Parliamentary Union, whose international Statute is outlined in a Headquarters Agreement drawn up with the Swiss federal authorities, is the only world-wide organisation of Parliaments.
    [Show full text]
  • Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics
    Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics In search of Roman economic growth Version 1.0 June 2008 Walter Scheidel Stanford University Abstract: This paper seeks to relate proxy indices of economic performance to competing hypotheses of sustainable and unsustainable intensive economic growth in the Roman world. It considers the economic relevance of certain types of archaeological data, the potential of income-centered indices of economic performance, and the complex relationship between economic growth and incomes documented in the more recent past, and concludes with a conjectural argument in support of a Malthusian model of unsustainable economic growth triggered by integration. © Walter Scheidel. [email protected] Introduction In 2002, Richard Saller urged Roman historians to define their terms in discussing ‘economic growth’. He emphasized the necessity of distinguishing gross or extensive growth from per capita or intensive growth and argued that the observed upturn in economic indicators in the late republican and early monarchical periods may well be compatible with a fairly low annual rate of intensive growth of less than 0.1 percent. He also identified the need for explanations of the abatement of signs of economic expansion and the timing of this phenomenon.1 A new paper by Peter Temin meets this demand by introducing alternative models of the nature of growth that are susceptible to empirical testing. He invites us to choose between “a single spurt of productivity change whose effects were gradually eroded by Malthusian pressures” and the notion “that Roman productivity growth continued until some unrelated factors inhibited it”.2 Testable working hypotheses about the nature of Roman economic growth are essential but have so far been absent from the debate.
    [Show full text]