William Reese Company

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Boston Antiquarian Book Fair 2015

A color illustrated version of this list is available on our website at williamreesecompany.com.

A Spanish Officer’s Service in 17th-Century Peru

1. [Acuna y Cabrera, Antonio de]: PAPELES DE DON ANTONIO DE ACUNA Y CABRERA CAP. DE INFANTE- RIA ESPANOLA DE ARCABVCEPOS POR SV MAG. [cover title]. [Various places, but likely including Madrid. ca. 1619-1647]. Twelve manuscript documents bound in one volume, pagination described below. Folio. Contemporary vellum, gilt-tooled title on front cover. Minor edge wear and occasional small tears. Overall internally bright and clean. Very good.

The collected papers of a decorated Spanish military officer, assigned at times to the duchy of Milan, Buenos Aires, and Lima. The documents are:

1) EN LA NOBLE VILLAO VILLAD VAL- LADOLID A VIENTE E SIETE DIAS... [manuscript caption title]. [30]pp. Embel- lished with two elaborate vignettes high- lighted in gilt. A recounting of political conditions in Spain relevant to the early years of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. 2) EN LA FORTALEZA A DE LA VILLA DE JIMANEAS A NUEVE DIAS LES MES DE ABRIL DE MILL Y SIES CIENTOS Y TRIENTA Y UN AÑOS...[manuscript caption title]. [ca. 1631]. [34]pp. A long discourse on the history of the Inquisition, specifically concerning certain relations present in the Crown’s official archives. 3) VIENTE Y QUARTO REALES. SELLO PRIMERO, VEINTE Y QUATRO RE- ALES...[caption title]. [1646-47]. [6]pp. Official document offering an appraisal of conditions in Lima and La Plata. 4) [NOTICE OF THE PARTICIPATION OF DON ANTONIO DE ACUNA Y CABRERA IN A ROYAL TRIBUNAL]. [ca. 1647]. [2]pp. A simple notice testifying to his participation. 5) UN REAL. SELLO TERCERO, UN RAL, AÑOS DE MIL Y SEIS CIENTOS Y QUATRENTA Y QUATRO... [caption title]. [ca. 1647]. [2]pp. A memorial on behalf of Acuna y Cabrera for reimbursement for personal monies spent in official service. 6) JUAN DE AYCAGA CONTADOR PUAL DEL [?] MILAN...[manuscript caption title]. A list of artillery and infantry companies as recorded by Juan de Aycaga, a royal “accountant.” 7) DON GOMEZ SUARES DE FIGUEROA Y CORDONA, DUQUE DE FERRA [?] DEL ESTADO DE MILAN... [manuscript caption title]. [ca. 1619]. [1]p. A memorial relating to the participation of Acuna y Cabrera in the administration of Milan (under Spanish control from 1535 to 1714). 8) ANTONIO DE PORRAS CONTADOR PRINCIPAL DESTE ESTADO DE MILAN...[manuscript caption title]. [1632]. [1]p. A list of military companies serving in Milan and environs, composed by another official accountant. 9) INSTRUCCION QUE A DE GRANADA [?] MAESTRO DE CAMPO DON ANTONIO DE ACUNA Y CABRERA QUE VA POR GOVERNADOR DE BUENOS AYRES Y PROVINCIA DEL RIO DE LA PLATA [manuscript caption title]. [1641]. [4]pp. An eight-point list of instructions for Acuna y Cabrera. His orders include surveying Lima, preserving relations with Brazil, keeping up correspondence with Paraguay and other regions, fortifying Buenos Aires, and making an inquiry into recent events in San Pablo in Brazil. 10) SON QUANTO DEL CAPITAN DON ANTONIO DE ACUNA Y CABRERA CAU. DE LA ORDER DE SANTT. ADMINISTRACION...[manuscript caption title]. [1637]. [3]pp. Signed in manuscript: “Yo El Rey.” Official document, signed by the King, conferring the Order of St. Augustin on Acuna y Cabrera. 11) POR QUANTO POR PARTE DEL CAPITAN DON ANTONIO DE ACUNA Y CABRERA...[manuscript caption title]. [1634]. [1]p. Signed in manuscript: “Yo El Rey.” A document similar to the above, bestowing upon Acuna y Cabrera the Order of Santiago. 12) POR QUANTO POR PARTE DEL DON ANTONIO DE ACUNA Y CABRERA...[manuscript caption title]. [1634]. [1]p. Signed in manuscript: “Yo El Rey.” Yet another confirmation of honors, here specifically noting Acuna y Cabrera’s service in Lima.

In all, a diverse collection of documents tracking the varied career of a Spanish army officer at the height of Spain’s influence across Europe and the New World. MAGGS 546, 375 (this sammelband). $8500.

Magnificent Photographs

2. Adams, Ansel E., and Mary H. Austin: TAOS PUEBLO. San Francisco: Grabhorn Press, 1930. [6] preliminary pages followed by [14]pp. of text and twelve original mounted photographs, printed on Dessonville paper by Ansel Adams, various sizes to 9 x 6½ inches, each with a corresponding caption leaf. Large folio. Publisher’s half tan morocco and cloth, spine with raised bands, marbled endpapers. Light spotting to covers, light wear. Very good. In a morocco box.

From an edition limited to 108 copies (this is copy number 92) signed by Mary Austin, containing magnificent photographs by Ansel Adams.

Possibly the most famous of modern photographic works on the West, TAOS PUEBLO was a collaboration between the young photographer, Ansel Ad- ams, and one of the most evocative writers on the Southwest, Mary Austin. An elegant design by the Grabhorn Press provides a counterpoint to Adams’ photographs of the adobe Pueblo. The book distilled the romance and natu- ralism that many Americans found in the Indian pueblos of New Mexico, and defined the style that was to make Adams the most popular of photographers of the American West.

“It was at Taos and Santa Fe that Ansel Adams first saw the Southwest. The time was the spring of 1927....His visit resulted in a Grabhorn Press book now of legendary rarity. It includes Ansel Adams’ photographs and Mary Austin’s essay on Taos Pueblo. Genius has never been more happily wed. Nowhere else did she write prose of such precise and poetical authority....Their TAOS PUEBLO is a true and beautiful book by two consummate artists” – Adams.

Produced in a small edition, the book is difficult to obtain today. One of the greatest books produced by the Grabhorn Press and featuring beautiful photographs by Ansel Adams, it is a landmark of American photographic depiction of the Southwest. GRABHORN BIBLIOGRAPHY 137. ROTH, THE BOOK OF 101 BOOKS 58. Ansel Adams, PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE SOUTHWEST, 1970, p. xxv. $60,000.

Adams Defends the Constitution

3. Adams, John: A DEFENCE OF THE CONSTITUTIONS OF GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AGAINST THE ATTACK OF M. TURGOT IN HIS LETTER TO DR. PRICE, DATED THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY OF MARCH, 1778. Philadelphia. 1797. Three volumes. 6,xxxiii,[3]-392; [4],451; [2],528,[44] pp. With a leaf of manuscript in an unknown hand bound in as the frontispiece in the first volume. Antique-style half calf and marbled boards, spines gilt with leather labels. Contemporary ownership signature of John Lorimer Graham on titlepages, light foxing. Very good.

Styled the “third edition.” The first volume was first published in London in 1787. The second and third volumes, issued later than the first, contain descriptions of the Italian republics of the Middle Ages as well as a lengthy analysis of “the Right Constitution of a Commonwealth.” This work is one of the most important and widely read of the many writings of the important Revolutionary figure and second president of the United States. At the time Adams wrote this work he was serving as the first United States ambassador in England, an uncomfortable position for a recent rebel, but he was ever ready to argue the American point of view. Here he forcibly states the principles on which he perceived the United States to be founded. The book was popular and went through numerous editions. Its issuance as the Federal Consti- tutional Convention was assembling added to its popularity and resulted in several American reprintings, and according to the DAB, “its timeliness gave it vogue.” Later, Adams’ detractors sought to find in it a hidden desire for a monarchy.

This copy belonged to John Lorimer Graham, a distinguished New York City attorney, and at times Postmaster of the city, who had signed and dated the titlepages of each volume. Graham acquired the volumes when he was a legal student, in 1817. He also wrote out at some later point an appreciative appraisal of the work, bound in the front of the first volume. HOWES A60, “aa.” EVANS 31689-31691. SABIN 235. GEPHART 8687. $4500.

The Aged John Quincy Adams Stays Home on the Fourth of July

4. Adams, John Quincy: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, DECLINING AN INVITATION TO A FOURTH OF JULY CELEBRATION]. Quincy. July 2, 1845. [1]p. plus integral blank. Old folds. Minor wear and soiling. Very good plus. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

Former President John Quincy Adams, now at the advanced age of seventy- eight and in deteriorating health, graciously declines an invitation from the City Council of Boston to attend the “celebration of the Anniversary of American Independence.” In an unsteady hand, as evidenced by the shakiness in his characteristic curling script, he explains:

“Your obliging invitation...has been gratefully received and would have been gladly accepted but for a feeble state of health advising retirement from scenes of public agitation, even from those most congenial to the spirit of the day, and where the flame of universal Liberty first kindled still burns with primitive intensity and with encouraging anticipation. I am with great respect, gentlemen, your friend and fellow citizen.” $10,000.

The Revolution Changes the Form of Prayer: Remarkable Manuscript Revisions to the Book of Common Prayer in a Maryland Parish to Eliminate References to the British Crown

5. [American Revolution]: [Book of Common Prayer]: THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER, AND ADMINISTRA- TION OF THE SACRAMENTS, AND OTHER RITES AND CEREMONIES OF THE CHURCH, ACCORD- ING TO THE USE OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.... [Oxford: T. Wright and W. Gill, 1768]. [34],[340],[24]pp. [bound with:] A NEW VERSION OF THE PSALMS OF DAVID FITTED TO THE TUNES USED IN CHURCHES. London: Charles Rivington, 1763. [44 (of 46)]pp. Lacks final leaf. Large folio. Modern speckled calf, gilt, with original gilt morocco label on front cover reading: “King and Queen Parish 1771.” Lower half of titlepage in expert facsimile. First and last few leaves repaired in gutter margin; final leaf with some facsimile restoration. Manuscript slips neatly repaired with tissue on verso. Very good.

This remarkable copy of the Book of Common Prayer from King and Queen Parish, Maryland, has been annotated with paste-over slips to modify the form of prayer from offering prayers to King George III and his wife to new text praying for the United States. It is an extraordinary piece of evidence demonstrating the impact of newly declared independence on the religious life of the new United States.

Though the Lords Baltimore, who established of the colony of Maryland, were Catholic, the colony’s charter provided for worship of both Catholic and Protestant. The Anglican congregation at King and Queen Parish was established in 1640, shortly after the colony was founded. The Glorious Revolution of 1688, which ended any chance of Catholicism being reestablished as the official religion in England, paved the way for similar changes in the colonies. In Maryland, which became a royal colony in 1691, the Act of Establishment of 1692 declared the Church of England the official church of the colony, creating thirty Anglican parishes and stripping Catholic citizens of most of their rights.

Because the King of England was head of the Anglican Church, members of the Church of England in America faced special difficulties during the American Revolution. Anglican priests, in fact, swore allegiance to the King at their ordination. The Book of Common Prayer offered prayers for the monarch, which could be construed as treason to the American cause. In an effort to remain loyal to the cause of Independence and conform to the new political realities, patriotic American Anglicans set about revising the Book of Common Prayer on the spot.

On May 25, 1776, the Maryland Convention voted “that every Prayer and Petition for the King’s Majesty, in the book of Common Prayer...be henceforth omitted in all Churches and Chapels in this Province.” George Goldie, the rector of Christ Church (then called Chaptico Church) in King and Queen Parish of St. Mary’s County from 1773 to his death in 1791, modified the present volume by inserting new prayers, written in manuscript, into the Litany. Four inserted slips modify the Litany to instruct for prayers to guide Congress and the Governor of the state, as well as prayers for religious and civil liberty. These are affixed over prayers for King George III, Queen Charlotte, the Prince of Wales, etc. The petition that God “keep and strengthen in the true worshipping of thee, in righteousness and holiness of life, thy servant GEORGE, our most gracious King and Governour” was changed to a plea that “it might please thee to bless the honorable Congress with Wisdom to discern and Integrity to pursue the true Interest of the United States.” The prayer that “it may please thee to be his defender and keeper, giving him the victory over all his enemies,” becomes, “that it [may please thee] to be their defender and keeper, enabling them to be the supporters & guardians of the civil and religious liberty of thy people.” A prayer for the royal family is revised to ask that God “bless and preserve his Excel’y the Governor of this state, and so to replenish him with the grace of thy Holy Spirit that he may always incline to thy will and ever seek thy honour and glory.” A prayer to “illuminate all Bishops, Priests, and Deacons, with true knowledge and understanding of thy word,” now asks “to endue the Members of the Council with grace, wisdom and understanding, that they may become the happy instruments of promoting the honor of God and the good of the country.”

A highly important document, showing clear evidence of the changes affecting religious and everyday life during the American Revolution. ESTC T93064, N472494. GRIFFITHS 1768:4. $15,000.

Cracking Down on Loyalists in Massachusetts Immediately After the Declaration of Independence

6. [American Revolution]: Doolittle, Ephraim: [AUTOGRAPH DOCUMENT, SIGNED, BY EPHRAIM DOO- LITTLE IN JULY 1776, REGARDING A CRACK DOWN ON LOYALISTS IN MASSACHUSETTS DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION]. Petersham, Ma. July 12, 1776. [2]pp. Folio. Minor fold wear and foxing, a few tiny holes along the center fold, affecting just a handful of words. Very good.

An excellent Revolutionary-era document recording the minutes of a meeting of several Massachusetts Committees of Safety, concluded just eight days after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Ephraim Doolittle, who signed and probably wrote up these minutes, was a prominent figure and political agitator in Revolutionary Mas- sachusetts. He had served in the French and Indian War, at both Ticonderoga Crown Point, and as a colonel of Massachusetts minute- men in 1775, participating at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775.

The document begins, “At a Convention of the Committee of Safety of the Towns of Hutchinson, Templeton, Athol and Petersham.” The meeting was called to discuss how Tories would be treated in these central Massachusetts towns. They resolved that Tories “should deliver all their arms and emplements of war immediately into the hands of the select men of Petersham, and that they should not go out of the town of Petersham without a pass” and “that no more than two should assemble together at any place except public worship, legal town meetings, or funerals.”

If any Tories “should presume to violate any such restrictions...at such a crittical day as the present that this body will use their utmost influence that they…shall be commited to close confinement and there be continnued until our polittical troubles are at an end.” In particular, the Rev. Aaron Whitney, an outspoken Loyalist, was called out for punishment after having “publickly declared that he will keep open doars for the assembling of such persons.” The minutes go on to trace the reasons for these restrictions, including a 1775 “riotous assembling” of several Tories who had “entered into a combination or covenant utterly subversive of our natural and charter’d rights and tending to strengthen and assist the enemies of our constitution.”

A list of twenty-four restricted persons follows, including John Chandler, a prominent, long-time selectman and local politician who had once served alongside Doolittle, but whose Loyalist leanings made him an enemy at this point. In fact, this document can be seen as the culmination of the struggle between Loyalists and Revolutionaries in central Massachusetts. Doolittle and Chandler has been at odds for a decade regarding issues of taxation and other controversial matters related to the Crown, and the situation had now come to a head.

A very interesting Revolutionary Massachusetts document, written at a critical moment in the course of the American Revolution. The first copies of the Dunlap broadside of the Declaration arrived in Boston on July 13, and the first Mas- sachusetts printings were the same day, so it seems unlikely that the news had reached rural Petersham by July 12. Still, the Revolutionary spirit in central Massachusetts is evident, even obvious, in the present document. Kenneth J. Moynihan, A HISTORY OF WORCESTER, 1674-1848, pp.59-71. $12,000.

Rallying the Troops in Massachusetts, November, 1776: “...the tyrants of the earth began to transgress the sacred line of property, and claim their fellow man as slaves....”

7. [American Revolution]: [Massachusetts General Court]: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, NO- VEMBER 1, 1776. ORDERED, THAT THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS FROM THE GENERAL COURT OF THIS STATE TO THE OFFICERS AND PRIVATE SOLDIERS WHO ARE GONE FROM THENCE AND ARE SERVING IN THE AMERICAN ARMY, BE PRINTED IN TWO THOUSAND HAND-BILLS.... [Boston: Printed by Benjamin Edes], Nov. 2, 1776. Broadside, 15 x 9½ inches. Several folds, minor staining, fold lines reinforced with archival tape on verso. Good.

Early November, 1776, was a dark moment for the American side in the Revolution. Washington had been routed from New York, the victory at Trenton had yet to occur, and the ability of the young United States to succeed seemed question- able. This important inspirational Revolutionary War broadside issued by the Massachusetts House of Representatives only four months after the Declaration of Independence, sought to rally the Patriot cause. The address roundly denounces Great Britain and its government in polemical language in the style of the preamble of the Declaration. It also pledges the support of the American army by the General Court of Massachu- setts, emphasizes the importance of Massachusetts soldiers, and urges them to re-enlist. Massachusetts soldiers were vital in the Revolutionary War effort, practically the backbone of the Continental Army. However, desertion had become a major issue by October 1776, and this message was issued as part of an effort by the Massachusetts government to stem the tide of desertion as well as motivate new recruits for the war effort. This fiery exhortation to take up arms against the British Crown reads, in part:

“When the tyrants of the earth began to transgress the sacred line of property, and claim their fellow men as slaves, and to exercise lawless power over them, the intentions of government were subverted, war in defence of the dignity of human nature was introduced, and men began to take the field of battle on behalf of freedom…. For the free exercise of liberty, more especially in the worship of that almighty Being who supported them in the greatest distress, our venerable ancestors came to this land when it was a savage and dangerous wilderness, terrible to the civilized eye. Here they toiled and bled, with the pleasing hope of their posterity’s enjoying that freedom for which they encountered every difficulty, and braved every danger, and could their virtue have been inherited with the fruit of their toil, and their simplicity of manners and integrity of heart been transmitted to all their posterity, America would now have been the seat of peace and plenty. But such has been the avarice of some, and the ambition of others, amongst us, that the King and Parliament of Great-Britain have been fatally persuaded to claim this whole continent, with its three millions of inhabitants, as their own property, and to be at their disposal. In opposition to this unjustifiable claim most obviously founded in tyranny, after loyally petitioning, and dutifully remonstrating without effect, you have gallantly taken the field, and the salvation of your country, the happiness of future generations, as well as your own, depends upon your noble exertions.”

The American soldiers are promised supplies and every bit of support from their new government, but warned of the dangers of desertion in the face of the impending crisis: “exert every nerve in this glorious struggle; for should you for any reason quit your posts, and disgracefully turn your backs on your enemies, wild carnage, barbarous and bloody deso- lation must spread like a hideous torrent over your ruined country.” The document also promises glory in posterity for the Continental Army, reminding the soldiers that their names will be “honourably preferred to the end of time” and that “each generation as it rises, shall learn to speak the same of those worthies, who nobly dared to face that death and despite that danger, which stood between them and their country’s happiness.”

The message ends by reiterating to the soldiers that their government stands firmly behind them, promising “comfort- able supplies and necessary reinforcements” during their fight for freedom, at the end of which the American army will be “crowned with a glorious victory, and return honourably from the field, bringing deliverance to distressed America.”

An eloquent entreaty from a besieged government attempting to galvanize its army, calling upon their “courage and pa- triotism” and promising them the immortality that awaits them at the end of their struggle. “A message of inspiration and encouragement for distribution among the troops of the State in the Northern and Southern armies” – Rosenbach. Rare, Evans lists copies at the Library of Congress, Boston Public, and New York Public. OCLC lists additional copies at AAS and the Houghton Library. EVANS 14868. FORD 1999. CUSHING 956. ROSENBACH 14:70. OCLC 5812765. $17,500.

In Search of Franklin

8. Armstrong, Alexander: A PERSONAL NARRATIVE OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE NORTH-WEST PAS- SAGE; WITH NUMEROUS INCIDENTS OF TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE DURING NEARLY FIVE YEARS’ CONTINUOUS SERVICE IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS WHILE IN SEARCH OF THE EXPEDITION UNDER SIR JOHN FRANKLIN. London. 1857. xxii,[2],616pp. plus frontispiece and folding map. Original blue pebbled cloth, spine gilt. Minor shelf wear. Light foxing to plate and map, else very clean. Very good.

Armstrong sailed as surgeon aboard the HMS Investigator under Captain Robert McClure on one of the numerous voyages in search of the lost Franklin expedition. “His personal narrative of the discovery of the north-west passage, published in London in 1857, was the last of the three chronicles of the voyage to appear. ...[It] is a lucid and straightforward, although somewhat ponderous, account of the phenomena, animate and inanimate, which came under the author’s observation. It furnishes moving descriptions of appalling peril in the wind-driven pack-ice, along with a candid exposure of the condition to which the crew were reduced, thereby contradicting McClure’s arrogant boast that he could have saved the men’s lives without external aid. The book was awarded the Gilbert Blane gold medal for the best journal kept by a surgeon of the Royal Navy” – DCB. ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 682. DICTIONARY OF CANADIAN BIOGRAPHY (online). SABIN 2017. TPL 3408. $3000.

Large Paper Copy

9. Back, George: NARRATIVE OF THE ARCTIC LAND EXPEDITION TO THE MOUTH OF THE GREAT FISH RIVER, AND ALONG THE SHORES OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN, IN THE YEARS 1833, 1834, AND 1835. London. 1836. x,[2],663pp. plus sixteen plates on India paper and folding map. Thick quarto. Modern three-quarter blue morocco and cloth, spine gilt. Minor rubbing, spine slightly sunned. Minor marginal foxing to plates. Very good.

A large paper copy of this major source both in the early exploration of the Far North and in ethnology. “...Full of details of his commerce with the Cree, Chippewa, and Coppermine Indians...a fundamental source of information about Indian life along the route of the Arctic expedition” – Streeter. This private expedition was undertaken to search for the second Ross expedition. Back and his party went from Montreal to Great Slave Lake, then overland to the Arctic Ocean. The narrative also contains valuable information on Arctic flora and fauna. A basic Arctic exploration. ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 851. STREETER SALE 3704. FIELD 63. SABIN 2613. HILL 42. WAGNER-CAMP 58b:1 (octavo ed). TPL 1873 (octavo ed). $4500.

A Classic of American Natural History and Travel

10. Bartram, William: TRAVELS THROUGH NORTH & SOUTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA, EAST & WEST FLORIDA, THE CHEROKEE COUNTRY, THE EXTENSIVE TERRITORIES OF THE MUSCOGULGES, OR CREEK CONFEDERACY, AND THE COUNTRY OF THE CHACTAWS [sic].... Philadelphia: James & Johnson, 1791. [2],xxxiv,[2],522pp. plus engraved frontispiece portrait of “Mico Chulcco the Long Warrior” by J. Trenchard after Bartram, engraved folding map, and seven engraved plates of natural history specimens (one folding). Contemporary tree calf, spine ruled in gilt and with gilt morocco label. Binding rubbed, joints worn, chipped at head of spine. Frontispiece creased. One plate with a two-inch long vertical closed tear and with a small chip in the upper margin, above the neat line; folding plate torn in upper margin, not affecting the illustration. Several instances of early ink marginalia, almost certainly in the hand of Lawrence Washington (see below). Text tanned, with occasional staining and foxing. A good copy. In a half morocco box.

The rare first edition of one of the classic accounts of southern natural history and exploration, with much material on the southern Indian tribes.

This copy bears the ownership signature on the front free endpaper of Lawrence A. Washington (dated 1818), the nephew of George Washington. Lawrence Augustine Washington, (1775-1824), was the fourth son of George Washington’s younger brother, Samuel. When Samuel Washington died in 1781, the future president took it upon himself to provide for the education of his nephew, Lawrence, and for Lawrence’s older brother, George Steptoe Washington. Throughout the 1780s and early 1790s, Washington supervised and paid for their education in Alexandria, Virginia, and then at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, from which the two nephews graduated in 1792. While in Philadelphia, Law- rence Washington also studied law with Attorney General Edmund Randolph. He married Mary Dorcas Wood in 1797 and lived at Federal Hill, outside Winchester, Virginia. At George Washington’s death Lawrence and his brother, George, were absolved of all debts for their schooling, a sum of approximately five thousand dollars. George Washington also left his nephews a small portion of his estate in his will.

For the period, Bartram’s work is unrivalled. He travelled several thousand miles through the Southeast in the years just prior to the American Revolution. “...Bartram wrote with all the enthusiasm and interest with which the fervent old Spanish friars and missionaries narrated the wonders of the new found world...he neglected nothing which would add to the common stock of human knowledge” – Field. “Unequalled for the vivid picturesqueness of its descriptions of nature, scenery, and productions” – Sabin. “The classic of southern natural history and exploration, with much on the southern Indian tribes. Bartram’s account of the remote frontier, of the plantations, trading posts, and Indian villages at the end of the eighteenth century is unrivaled” – Streeter. Includes a chapter concerning the customs and language of the Mus- cogulges and Cherokees. HOWES B223, “b.” CLARK I:197. EVANS 23159. SABIN 3870. VAIL 849. Coats, THE PLANT HUNTERS, pp.273-76. TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 329. STREETER SALE 1088. FIELD 94. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 301. SERVIES 669. $14,500.

An Early Trip to the Ohio Country

11. Beatty, Charles: THE JOURNAL OF A TWO MONTHS TOUR; WITH A VIEW OF PROMOTING RELIGION AMONG THE FRONTIER INHABIT- ANTS OF PENSYLVANIA [sic], AND OF INTRODUCING CHRISTIANITY AMONG THE INDIANS TO THE WESTWARD OF THE ALEGH-GENY MOUNTAINS.... London. 1768. 110pp. plus one leaf of advertisements. Late 19th- century three-quarter gilt morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Boards rubbed and worn at edges. Pages lightly soiled and tanned. A very good copy, untrimmed.

The rare first edition, “quite difficult to procure complete” (Field). The Irish-born missionary was one of the most popular preachers of his day, travelling extensively in Europe as well as America. In 1760 he was sent with Duffield to observe and investigate the condition of the Indian tribes. This account, one of only a few pieces by Beatty ever to see publication, includes “the first account of Indian towns in southeast Ohio” (Howes), interviews with Indian chiefs, and encounters with Delaware Indians, whom Beatty conjectures to be descended from the Ten Tribes. “The tour of this zealous and intelligent observer to the Indian towns in Pennsylvania and Ohio, lying far beyond the frontiers, was made at a period of great interest in their history. The warriors of the Delaware and Shawnese had ravaged them with the tomahawk and firebrand for twenty years, and the Journal of the missionary is filled with notes of their awful massacres. It is very full and minute in its details of interviews with Indian chiefs, and the various phases of aboriginal life which attracted his attention” – Field. HOWES B281, “b.” VAIL 589. THOMSON 72. FIELD 102. BELL B125. JCB I:1607. WINSOR I, pp.110, 116. SABIN 4149. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 324. $4750. A Franklin Search Rarity

12. Bellot, Joseph Rene: MEMOIRS OF LIEUTENANT JOSEPH RENE BELLOT... WITH HIS JOURNAL OF A VOYAGE IN THE POLAR SEAS, IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN. London. 1855. Two volumes. vii,391,[5]; [2],403,[24]pp. Frontispiece portrait. Original brown publisher’s cloth, stamped in blind and gilt. Light shelf wear. Book society label on rear pastedown of first volume. Light toning and soiling in text. Very good.

Translated from the French edition of the previous year (both published posthumously). The journal of Joseph Bellot (1826-53), detailing his time with an expedition in search of Sir John Franklin, serving as second in command under Capt. William Kennedy on the Prince Albert. The expedition, which extended through 1851 and 1852, included a substantial overland sledging journey. Though they failed to find Franklin’s lost ships, they did make significant discoveries in the Canadian Arctic, returning to England with the entirety of the crew safely intact. Bellot was not as lucky on the next expedition he served on in search of Franklin the following year: he fell through the ice while crossing Wellington Channel and disappeared from sight. His crew mates erected a memorial grave on Beechey Island, next to three graves from the lost Franklin Expedition. ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 1305. TPL 8402. SABIN 4566. $8000.

The Business of the First Congress

13. Benson, Egbert: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED (“EGBT BENSON”), FROM EGBERT BENSON AS U.S. CONGRESSMAN FROM NEW YORK, TO AN UNNAMED RECIPIENT (PROBABLY SAMUEL JONES)]. Phila- delphia. Nov. [i.e. Dec.] 14, 1790. [2]pp. on recto and verso of a single sheet. Very good. In a half morocco clamshell case.

An intriguing letter from Egbert Benson, New York’s first attorney general after independence, a leading New York jurist, prime mover in the push for a new federal constitution, and Representative from New York in the First Congress. Benson, along with Alexander Hamilton, had introduced the resolution for a constitutional convention at the Annapolis Conven- tion of 1786, and he introduced the resolution for a New York ratifying convention in 1788. He writes to an unnamed correspondent, reporting on the business of the third session, with mention of President Washington’s speech, Alexander Hamilton’s reports, and New York Supreme Court justices John S. Hobart and Robert Yates; and the recent military campaign against the Miamis in the Ohio Valley. Though Benson dated this letter “Nov. 14, 1790,” it was almost certainly written on Dec. 14, as Congress did not meet until December that year.

“Dear Sir, Upon Reflection it has appeared to Me, and I am persuaded it will appear to you, most advisable that the intended Correspondence between Us should seem to commence with you. Indeed it will not be easy for me or satisfactory to you for me to write to you generally on the Subject, and therefore wish you would from time to time write to me stating the Questions which you may be desirous to have examined and answered. It will be most prudent that your Letters should be communicated to the other Gentlemen in the Delegation and therefore my answers will in a Degree be public Communications. I do not propose however to confine myself to a mere answer to an Interrogatory; my Letters will contain Suggestions of whatever may occur to Me as useful -

“We have scarcely entered on the Business of the Session. The President’s Speech with the Answers and his Replies you will see in the Papers; and we have two reports from Mr. Hamilton, the one providing additional means for the Payment of the Interest on the public Debt and the other on the Subject of a Bank. These will be printed and I shall send a Copy to Robert [Yates?] for the perusal of Judge Hobart and Yourself.

“Our troops have returned from the Western Expedition and have so far succeeded as to have destroyed a Number of Indian Towns with a great Quantity of Provision. Possibly as far as there was Reason to expect it probably would be, the Object of the Expedition has been effected, but with the Loss of near 200 Men on our Side. It is said that upwards of 100 of the Indians were killed in the two different Engagements.”

While the recipient of the letter is not named, Kenneth Bowling of the First Federal Congress Project believes it to be Samuel Jones, a prominent Anti-Federalist from Queens County who nonetheless voted for the Constitution at the New York convention. Bowling cites Benson’s other letters to Jones, of which several survive, and the roundabout language of the first paragraph, which suggests Benson was concerned what use might be made of his correspondence. Bowling notes that no Benson letters survive from the first two sessions of the First Congress, and only seven from the third: four to Nicholas Low, and two definitely to Jones. He thinks this is a third. ANB 2, pp.602-4. Stan Henkels Auctions, Catalogue 1501, item 585 (when this letter was sold in 1937). Email from Ken- neth Bowling, May 17, 2010. $5000.

The Great Classic of English Law

14. Blackstone, William: COMMENTARIES ON THE LAWS OF ENGLAND. Oxford: Printed at the Clarendon Press, 1765-1769. Four volumes: [4],iii,[4],473; [8],520,xix; [8],455,[1],xxvii; [8],436,vii,[40]pp. plus the “Table of Consan- guinity” and “Table of Descents” (folding) bound into second volume. Without the eight-page “Supplement to the First Edition,” which was issued later and is generally absent in earlier copies. Quarto. Contemporary calf, neatly rebacked, preserving original gilt morocco labels. Moderate wear to boards. Two bookplates on each front pastedown. Contemporary ink inscription on verso of flyleaf in first volume, two leaves bound upside down in second volume, light occasional foxing, a few marginal notes in a contemporary hand. Very good.

A handsome set of the first edition of this cornerstone work on English laws, which had an undeniable influence on the course of jurisprudence in the United States. “Blackstone’s great work on the laws of England is the extreme example of justification of an existing state of affairs by virtue of its history....Until the COMMENTARIES, the ordinary Englishman had viewed the law as a vast, unintelligible and unfriendly machine; nothing but trouble, even danger, was to be expected from contact with it. Blackstone’s great achievement was to popularize the law and the traditions which had influenced its formation....If the English constitution survived the troubles of the next century, it was because the law had gained a new popular respect, and this was due in part to the enormous success of Blackstone’s work” – PMM. Blackstone’s work was immediately influential and successful – it was reprinted a dozen times in England over the ensuing two decades, and translated into French, German, Italian, and Russian. Robert Bell produced the first American edition in Philadelphia in 1771-1772.

With the bookplate of the Earls Waldegrave, English statesmen and soldiers. This was probably acquired by either the 3rd or 4th Earl. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 212. ROTHSCHILD 407. GROLIER CLUB, ENGLISH BOOKS 52. $15,000.

The Marquess of Rockingham’s Manuscript Account of Proceedings in the House of Lords

15. [British Parliament]: [Rockingham, Marquess of]: [TWO MANUSCRIPT VOLUMES CONTAINING PAR- LIAMENTARY PROTESTS FILED IN THE HOUSE OF LORDS FROM 1641 TO 1799]. [London. 1641, 1660- 1799]. Two volumes. [10],610; 311,[24]pp. Large folio. First volume in black morocco, elaborately tooled in gilt; second volume in dark green calf, also elaborately gilt. Hinges cracked, head and foot of spine worn; extremities rubbed, boards lightly scuffed. Internally fine, with very minor scattered foxing. Contemporary armorial bookplate of the Marquess of Rockingham on front pastedown. In matching blue half morocco clamshell cases, spines gilt.

An exhaustive manuscript set of protests lodged by Members of the House of Lords over the period from 1641 to 1799, copied by the clerks in the Parlia- ment Office and bound for Charles Watson-Wentworth, Second Marquess of Rockingham, with his bookplate. Peers had the right to protest decisions reached by Parliament into the journal or formal record of the House’s proceedings, simply by signing their names against the record of the decision. Members could also add a protest consisting of a reason or series of reasons for their dissent; the first such protest originated in 1641. Such protests were not published at the time and would not have been available in printed form. This set includes, among other things, protests lodged against the Stamp Act and the Declaratory Act during the period preceding the American Revolution.

Charles Watson-Wentworth, Second Marquess of Rockingham (1730-82) had long been a supporter of American rights and played a major role in the independence of the United States. He was Prime Minister first in 1766, and oversaw the repeal of the Stamp Act. His second stint as Prime Minis- ter came in 1782, when he led Parliament in recognizing the independence of the United States at the end of the American Revolution. Rockingham always urged moderation in his government’s treatment of the colonies, but nevertheless condemned the Boston Tea Party and other outrages, and in this respect did not differ from the rest of the British establishment during the time. Close connections with prominent Brit- ish merchants influenced his support of the colonies, which were highly profitable for British trade, when not engaged in open rebellion. He was also the political mentor of Charles James Fox, the leading voice of American sympathy in British debates, and Edmund Burke was his personal secretary and political mouthpiece.

Protest against the repeal of the Stamp Act takes up fourteen pages, covering the dissent over the second and third readings of the bill, on March 11 and 17, 1766. Among the reasons given for protesting the repeal in the second reading, the journal states that a bill could have been made to amend the Stamp Act, without repealing it, which the Lords would have considered “with a warm desire of relieving our countrymen in America, from any grievance or hardship; but with proper care to enforce their submission and obedience to the law so amended and to the whole Legislative Authority of Great Britain, without any reserve or distinction whatsoever.” Likewise listed as reasons are the irrefutable authority of the power of taxation and the need for Americans to be taxed like all other British subjects, and the obvious ability of the Americans to bear their portion of the tax burden. Another point indicated is that if Americans are given the free trade they desire, the colonies will no longer be of any benefit to Britain, and would in fact be “in the highest degree prejudicial to the commerce and welfare of their Mother Country.”

The dissent on the third reading opens with the statement:

“We think, that the Declaratory Bill we pass’d last week, cannot possibly obviate the growing mischiefs in America where it may seem calculated only to deceive people of Great Britain, by holding forth a delusive and nugatory affirmance of the legislative right of this Kingdom, whilst enacting part of it, does no more than abrogate the resolutions of the House of Representatives in the North American Colonies, which have not in themselves the least colour of authority; and declares that which is apparently and certainly criminal only, null and void.”

The dissent closes with the statement:

“...repeal of this law, under the present circumstances, will we fear not only surrender the honour and essential interests of the Kingdom now and forever both at home and abroad...[but] we in effect annihilate this branch of the legislature and vote ourselves useless; or if by passing this bill, we mean to justify those who in America, and even in Great Britain, have treated a series of British Acts of Parliament, as so many acts of Tyranny and Oppression, which it is scarcely criminal to resist...we shall then give our approbation to an open breach of the first article of that great palladium of our liberties, the Bill of Rights....”

The second volume contains numerous dissents related to the conflict with the American colonies, including an eloquent protest directed to the King regarding the imprudence and potential disgrace of hiring foreign mercenaries to fight the colonists. Additionally, protests against ceasing trade with the colonies and the impressment of American seamen. Alto- gether, a trove of British Parliamentary opinions, with important commentary on the American Revolution, with excellent and significant provenance. $37,500.

Burgoyne’s Account of His Defeat at Saratoga

16. Burgoyne, John: A STATE OF THE EX- PEDITION FROM CANADA, AS LAID BE- FORE THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, BY LIEUTENANT-GENERAL BURGOYNE, AND VERIFIED BY EVIDENCE; WITH A COLLECTION OF AUTHENTIC DOCU- MENTS.... London. 1780. viii,140,lxii pp. plus [1] p. entitled “Advertisement,” five partially colored folding plans (two with overlays), and folding map. Large quarto. Modern half calf and marbled boards. Some maps neatly repaired on old folds.

The first edition, in large quarto format, of Bur- goyne’s defense of his conduct as commander of the British expedition down the Hudson Valley from Canada in 1777. Intended to cut the New England colonies off from the rest of rebellious America, the expedition ended in disaster at Sara- toga, where American forces soundly defeated Burgoyne and forced his capitulation. Herein Burgoyne answers the inquiry of the House of Commons, demonstrating that the forces he was given were not sufficient to accomplish the task. This is the most important source for information about the campaign, illustrated with excellent maps and plans. The “Plan of the Encampment and Position of the Army under His Excelly. Lt. General Burgoyne at Swords House on Hudson’s River near Stillwater...” depicts, among other particulars, the “First and Second Positions of that part of the Army engaged on the 19th of September.” Tipped to the margin of that plan, as an overlay, is a section of a similar map depicting the “Third and Fourth Positions...” of the Army on that same date. The “Plan of the Encamp- ment and Position of the Army under his Excelly. Lt. General Burgoyne at Braemus Heights...” also has an overlay tipped to the margin of the plan indicating the position of Burgoyne’s Army on Oct. 8. On the printed plan beneath the overly is indicated the General’s camp from Sept. 20 to Oct. 7. STREETER SALE 794. LANDE 69. TPL 503. SABIN 9255. HOWES B968, “aa.” $6000.

Scandalmonger: The Tool of Jefferson Assaults the Federalists, Leading to the Foremost Trial Under the Sedition Laws

17. [Callender, James Thomson]: THE PROSPECT BEFORE US. VOLUME I. Richmond: Printed for the Author, and Sold by M. Jones, S. Pleasants, Jun. and J. Lyon, 1800. 184pp. Octavo. Half calf and marbled boards in antique style, leather label. Old library stamp on last page of Table of Contents, minor dampstaining to last few leaves. Very good.

The passionate and extraordinarily rare anti-Federalist screed from the “scandalmonger” himself, James T. Callender, suppressed by the Federalists who convicted him for sedition for writing it. Callender was a notorious journalist and political pamphleteer during the Federal period, issuing savage attacks on George Washington, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, and others. The present work was partially financed by Vice President Thomas Jefferson who was, along with James Madison, actively working against the president and his Federalist cohorts. Jefferson had been particularly impressed with Callender’s attack on Hamilton, and wanted a similar work scrutinizing the Adams administration, especially as he was running against the incumbent president at the time.

The pamphlet is an attack on the political corruption within the Federalist party and inside the Adams administration, with Callender focusing his ire on the president himself. He labels the president a “hoary headed incendiary,” “a man who has deserted and reversed all principles,” and describes the Adams administration as “one continued tempest of malignant passions. As President, he has never opened his lips, or lifted his pen without threatening and scolding; the grand object of his administration has been to exasperate the rage of contending parties to calumniate and destroy every man who differs from his opinions....”

As a result of this pamphlet, Adams’ and Hamilton’s Federalist party used the new Se- dition Act to prosecute Callender at the height of the 1800 election campaign, citing twenty passages from THE PROSPECT BEFORE US in the indictment (though never naming the book itself). After a frustrating and politically-charged trial stacked clearly against the defendant, presided over by Federalist judge Samuel Chase, who frequently interrupted the defense lawyers, and consisting of an all-Federalist jury, Callender was found guilty. He was fined $200 and sentenced to nine months in prison. Callender was the last and most famous target of the Sedition Act, and the only defendant prosecuted under the law in a southern state.

After Jefferson’s election the new President pardoned Callender, but refused the writer’s request to receive a lucrative postmaster’s appointment. Callender then switched sides, revenging himself by spilling the details of Jefferson and his mulatto mistress Sally Hemings. In 1803, while drunk, he drowned in a shallow sidewater of the James River. The shadowy circumstances of his death, combined with the many powerful enemies he had made, led to numerous Vince Foster-like conspiracy theories.

The first part of THE PROSPECT BEFORE US was popular and welcome in Virginia at the time of publication, but roundly criticized and suppressed in Philadelphia and elsewhere. As a result, the work is extremely rare, and hardly ever encountered outside institutions. In fact, this is the first copy we’ve handled in forty years in the trade. Rare Book Hub notes no auction records and only cites an offering by Goodspeed’s in 1915. James Morton Smith, “Sedition in the Old Dominion: James T. Callender and THE PROSPECT BEFORE US.” THE JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY. Vol. 20, No. 2 (May 1954), pp.157-182. William Safire’s novel SCANDAL- MONGER, (2000) is a lively fictional treatment of Callender’s career and a must-read for any enthusiast of the Federal era. HOWES C72. EVANS 37083. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 271. BRINLEY 4790. $12,500. A Storehouse of Important Maps

18. Charlevoix, François J.: HISTOIRE ET DESCRIPTION GENERALE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, AVEC LE JOURNAL HISTORIQUE D’UN VOYAGE FAIT PAR ORDRE DU ROI DANS L’AMERIQUE SEPTEN- TRIONALE. Paris. 1744. Three volumes. [8],xxvi,lxi,[3],664; [4],xv,[1],582,56; [4],xix,[1],xiv,543pp. plus twenty-eight maps (most folding) and ninety-six plates. Half title in each volume. Titlepages printed in red and black. Quarto. Contemporary mottled calf, spines richly gilt, raised bands, gilt leather labels. Hinges expertly repaired. Map of Nouvelle France in first volume repaired on the verso. An occasional bit of foxing or staining, but generally quite clean internally. A handsome set.

First edition of this classic work of Canadian history, including important material on French settlement in the Mississippi Valley. The journal consists of thirty-six letters, six of which concern the southern colonies. “The principal work of this great Jesuit traveller and historian and the pre-eminent authority on the French period in the West” – Howes. “This work is one of the best au- thorities concerning various Indian tribes, some of which no longer exist. The laborious accuracy with which the work was executed can be estimated by the fact that the maps, dated 1743, are marked with the latest discoveries, in 1742, in the extreme north of America” – Lande. Most of the maps in this work were drawn by French cartographer Nicholas Bellin, including his important map of North America, a frequent source for later mapmakers, as well as some of the most definitive and up-to-date maps available of Canada.

Besides its great importance as an historical and cartographical work, Charlevoix is also of considerable interest for the section entitled “Description des Plantes Principales de l’Amerique Septentrionale,” which occupies the first fifty-six pages of the second volume. Here the author describes ninety-six plants, mainly ones native to Canada, but including herbs of the Mississippi Valley as well. Most of the plants described are of medicinal value. The text is accompanied by twenty- two folding plates illustrating all ninety-six species discussed. LANDE 125. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI 120. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 756. TPL 4697. HOWES C307, “b.” MICHIGAN RARITIES 8. CLARK I:59. SABIN 12135. KARPINSKI, p.137. GREENLY, MICHIGAN 11. SERVIES 377, 378, 379. $18,000.

Superb Archive of a Regimental Color Bearer

19. [Civil War]: Churchill, Edmund: [VOLUMINOUS CIVIL WAR ARCHIVE OF OVER SEVENTY LETTERS AND AN EXTENSIVE PERSONAL DIARY FROM SGT. EDMUND CHURCHILL, COLOR BEARER, 18th MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT]. [Various locations. 1862-1864]. Seventy-seven autograph letters, signed, most two to three pages each; diary is [31]pp. Mostly bifolium sheets. Some letters include original transmittal envelopes. Typical mailing folds, minor wear and soiling, occasional foxing and dampstaining. Overall, very good.

An amazing collection of letters and an excellent detailed personal diary from Edmund Churchill, a color bearer with the 18th Massachusetts Regiment. The archive of letters dates from Aug. 16, 1862 through July 13, 1864, and comprises the letters Churchill sent to family members back home in Massachusetts. Hailing from Plympton, Massachusetts, Edmund Churchill (1842-1921) enlisted as a private in the 18th Massachusetts, Co. “E”, on Aug. 9, 1862. The 18th Massachusetts Regiment fought in numerous major engagements, including Gettysburg. Churchill served as a color bearer, beginning only four months after he enlisted. He was promoted to sergeant on May 1, 1863, and was present at almost every battle that the 18th engaged in, including Bull Run, Antietam, Shepherdstown, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg. He mustered out on Sep. 2, 1864. He had two brothers who also fought for the Union; one died of disease during the war and the other was killed at the Battle of Second Bull Run. Churchill remained in good health throughout the war, and was not wounded, so readers of the present archive are allowed to follow the 18th through much of the war.

Edmund’s first letter of the archive is dated Aug. 16, 1862, from New York. In his letter dated Sept. 8, 1862, following the Second Battle of Bull Run (August 28-30, 1862), Churchill informs his father that his older brother Frederick was likely “wounded and taken prisoner.” Churchill was hopeful that he would hear from his brother soon, and that he would be exchanged. Unfortunately, Fred had died in battle. Churchill also notes in this letter that his younger brother Theodore “looks as though he had seen hard times.” Only months later in December, Theodore died of disease. Informing his father of the regiment’s movements, Churchill writes on Dec. 10, 1862, that the they would “probably cross the river below Fredericksburgh and as we are the center grand division we may have some work on our hands after crossing, unless the rebels fall back towards Richmond.” The Rebels didn’t fall back. In the private’s next letter (dated December 25, 1862), he reports on the numerous deaths in his company. The final page of Churchill’s diary contains entries for May 29-31, 1864, with details about the Battle of Cold Harbor.

Churchill mustered out on Sep. 2, 1864, and went home. His letters and diary constitute an important, detailed, and highly readable record of his experiences during the Civil War, with an unusually wide-ranging amount of meticulous battle content and interesting assessments of the military brass and general war news. An excellent Civil War research archive. A detailed description is available on request. $16,500.

Primary History of the Iroquois, Clive’s Copy

20. Colden, Cadwallader: THE HISTORY OF THE FIVE INDIAN NATIONS OF CANADA, WHICH ARE DEPENDENT ON THE PROVINCE OF NEW-YORK IN AMERICA, AND ARE THE BARRIER BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND FRENCH IN THAT PART OF THE WORLD. London: Printed for T. Osborne, 1747. xvi,[4],90,iv,91-204,283,[1]pp. plus folding frontispiece map. Contemporary calf, spine gilt, leather label. Light chipping and small repairs to spine. Bookplate of Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive on front pastedown. Faint tideline to bottom corner of about half the text. Good plus.

For decades, the only reliable colonial history of the Iroquois, and one which colored British and American policy throughout the 18th century. Lawrence Wroth says this was “almost the only book in English that pretended to give anything beyond the most general information about the manners and customs, history and organization of that confederacy of Indians....” Wroth goes on for several more pages in praise of the book. The first edition was issued in New York in 1727. Streeter notes that only ten copies of this earlier edition are known.

This second edition is vastly expanded, the whole second part being made up of Colden’s PAPERS RELATING TO THE INDIAN TRADE, originally issued in New York in 1724. According to Wroth, about 300 copies of this edition were issued before the substitution of the titlepage with a later date. The map is entitled “A Map of the Country of the Five Nations, belonging to the Province of New York, and of the Lakes near which the Nations of Far Indians live, with part of Canada.” A crucial work.

With the bookplate of Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, who is credited with securing India, and the vast wealth that followed, for the British crown. STREETER SALE 868. VAIL 435. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 747/38. SABIN 14273. WROTH, AMERICAN BOOKSHELF, pp.91-95. HOWES C560. PILLING, PROOF- SHEETS 832. $3500. With Fifteen Original Photographs, More Than Any Other Recorded Copy

21. Collier, John (photographer); and [Harrington, Charles]: SUMMERING IN COLORADO. Denver: Richards & Co., 1874. 158pp. plus fifteen mounted albumen photographs and [4]pp. of advertisements. Publisher’s green cloth, upper cover titled in gilt. Very good. Provenance: Mrs. E.M. Wheeler (period signature on front free endpaper).

Scottish-born photographer John Collier came to Central City, Colorado in 1871, establishing one of the earliest photography studios there, before selling the business and moving to Denver to open another studio in 1878. Published to promote tourism, this wonderful documentary of photographs contains images of a bird’s-eye view of Central City, two railroad views, Clear Creek Canyon, Boulder Canyon, Garden of the Gods, Monument Park, Rainbow Falls at Manitou, Cheyenne Can- yon, Monument Park, and more. The number of photographs varies from copy to copy; the present example contains more photographs than any other recorded copy (with most copies containing four to eight images, and previously thought to be complete with fourteen images). MARGOLIS, TO DELIGHT THE EYE 13 (with 10 photos). $2800.

A Franklin Search Rarity

22. Collinson, Richard: JOURNAL OF H.M.S. ENTERPRISE, ON THE EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF SIR JOHN FRANKLIN’S SHIPS BY BEHRING STRAIT. 1850 – 55. London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Riving- ton, 1889. xi,[1],531pp. plus frontispiece, photogravure plate, and six folding maps. Contemporary three-quarter blue calf and marbled paper, spine gilt, leather label. Contemporary bookplate of Charles Arthur Wynne Finch on front pastedown. Light scattered foxing. Very good.

The expedition journal of Capt. Richard Collinson, published posthumously, by his brother. Collinson led one of several search parties in the recovery efforts of the missing Franklin party in 1849. He and Commander Robert McClure were to sail to the Arctic as a pair, but were separated early in the voyage. McClure continued through the Bering Strait and eventually became the first man to officially cross the Northwest Passage, with Collinson delayed by ice and unable to reach Fort Barrow until 1854. Collinson actually came closest to the area where the Franklin expedition ended, and his geographical knowledge of the Arctic offered considerable insight into the elusive region. “Journal entries throughout record the course of the expedition, give information on currents, ice, dust and stone on ice, coasts, equipment for sledge parties, distances traversed, meteorology, animals encountered, and appearance and customs of the Eskimos” – ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY. ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 3351. TPL 3536. $5000.

The First Connecticut Constitution

23. [Connecticut Constitution]: A CONSTITUTION OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT, FOR THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT, FRAMED BY A CON- VENTION OF THEIR DELEGATES, AND SUBMITTED TO THE PEOPLE, FOR THEIR CONSIDERATION AND ADOPTION. ACCORDING TO THE RESOLVE OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, PASSED ON THE SECOND THURSDAY OF MAY, A.D. 1818. Hartford: William S. Marsh, [1818]. 24pp. Half calf and marbled boards in antique style, leather label. Mild toning, scattered foxing. Very good.

The first constitution of the state Connecticut. The Congregationalist Church was the established church of the state until 1818, making it the last of the New England states to embrace the First Amendment, separating church from state.

In 1638 the Congregationalists split away from the Massachusetts colony and formed the Con- necticut colony. The Fundamental Orders, inspired by a sermon given by preacher Thomas Hooker, were written by the Connecticut Court and acted as a sort of constitution, clarifying items such as voting rights, branches of government, and the court system. In 1662, King Charles II granted governmental authority to the colony and the Connecticut charter was devised, which quickly usurped the earlier Fundamental Orders. The charter continued to be embraced, officially under the royal gaze, though with little involvement from the King through the Revolution and into the 19th century. It wasn’t until 1818, while still heavily under the influence of the Federalists and the Congregationalist church, that Connecticut drafted its first state constitution. The General Assembly made up the single branch of government, and their ability to override the court’s decisions had become a point of contention. Additionally, the Congregationalist church’s monopoly on religion had prompted several other church organizations to reach out to members of the Federal government for advice and support. In 1804, Jefferson wrote the oft quoted letter to the Danbury Baptists urging them to “contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature would ‘make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,’ thus building a wall of separation between Church and State.” However, while the rest of the colonies were ratifying their own state constitutions Connecticut continued to operate under the royal charter for another fourteen years. This first official Connecticut constitution represents the end of church run states in America, and the beginning of a stronger judicial and legislative system for Connecticut.

“Not until 1818 did Connecticut decide to adopt a constitution to replace the royal Charter of 1662. The final draft represented a moderately liberal advance over former governmental practices. All Christian sects were put on an equal basis thus ending Congregational dominance of the state government”--Streeter. The Streeter copy sold for $525 in 1967. Rare, with only four copies located in OCLC. STREETER SALE 730. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 43702. $5000.

Hawaii and the Northwest Coast in 1812

24. Cox, Ross: ADVENTURES ON THE COLUMBIA RIVER, INCLUDING THE NARRATIVE OF A RESI- DENCE OF SIX YEARS ON THE WESTERN SIDE OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS, AMONG VARIOUS TRIBES OF INDIANS HITHERTO UNKNOWN: TOGETHER WITH A JOURNEY ACROSS THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. London: Henry Colburn & Richard Bentley, 1831. Two volumes. Wood-engraved illustration on p.83 in second volume (a sketch map of the junction of the Columbia and Okanogan rivers). Without half titles. Half calf and marbled boards, with the gilt stamp of the Writers of the Signet on the boards, gilt leather label. Scattered foxing and soiling. Very good.

One of the two most important sources of information about Oregon in the early period, along with Alexander Ross’ ADVENTURES OF THE FIRST SETTLERS ON THE OREGON OR COLUMBIA RIVER (London, 1849) These two works are generally considered to be the prime printed sources of information on the exploration and settlement of Oregon. Cox left Hawaii and arrived in Oregon with the Astoria party in 1812, later working for the North West Com- pany. In 1817 he went overland to Montreal. “Cox’s narrative gives an excellent firsthand account of the fur trade and of the Indian tribes in Montana, Idaho, and eastern Washington with whom the fur traders dealt and sometimes fought. While Cox was making this journey the tension between Hudson’s Bay and Northwest Companies had become very acute and he gives a good account of their rivalry” – Streeter. WAGNER-CAMP 43:1. TWENEY 89, 10. HOWES C822, “aa.” PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 915. FIELD 376. SABIN 17267. JUDD 47. PEEL 83. COWAN, p.59. STREETER SALE 3702. HILL 390. FORBES 775. $4000.

Venereal Disease and an Unusual Cuban Imprint

25. [Cuba]: Navarro, Joaquín José: ENSAYO SOBRE LOS MEDIOS DE PRECAVER, CURAR Y DESTRUIR LAS BUBAS Ó PIANES DEL PUEBLO DE S. LUIS DE LOS CANEYES. Puerto Principe [Camagüey], Cuba: Imprenta de la audiencia territorial, 1814. 45pp. Quarto. Dbd. Some edge wear and minor chipping, faint dampstain throughout, some worming, with extensive repaired worming to some leaves, affecting some text. Overall good.

A rare Cuban imprint regarding disease amongst the native people of Cuba. Navarro, a doctor from the University of Havana, describes an outbreak of venereal disease in a small town of Indians. This work does not appear in OCLC. Almost all surviving Cuban imprints from this period are from Havana, so this possibly unique imprint is most unusual. PALAU 188223. $4250.

“First American history of the whole country” – Howes

26. Douglass, William: A SUMMARY, HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL, OF THE FIRST PLANTING, PROGRESSIVE IMPROVEMENTS, AND PRESENT STATE OF THE BRITISH SETTLEMENTS IN NORTH AMERICA.... London. 1755. Two volumes. [2],[viii],568; [6],416pp., plus folding color map. 19th-century speckled calf, gilt morocco label. Hinges cracked, repaired at head and tail of volume one, light chipping to head of spines. Very good.

The first English edition. “First American history of the whole country” – Howes. Wroth comments: “Modern critics of the SUMMARY have overlooked the fact that its author was the first to attempt this story from the viewpoint of a resident American....” Various contemporaries recognized it for bringing together more facts on the American colonies and their history than any previous publication, John Huske commenting that it was “the best collection of facts in general, for a future historian, that was ever made or published.” HOWES D436. WROTH AMERICAN BOOKSHELF, pp.87-91 (ref). CLARK I:226. SABIN 20727. $3750. Classic of the Northwest Passage

27. [Drage, Theodore, or Charles Swaine]: AN AC- COUNT OF A VOYAGE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE BY HUDSON’S STREIGHTS, TO THE WESTERN AND SOUTH- ERN OCEAN OF AMERICA...PERFORMED IN THE YEAR 1746 AND 1747, IN THE SHIP CALIFORNIA. London: Sold by Mr. Jolliffe [et al], 1748-1749. Two volumes. [2],vii,237; [2],328,313-326,[18]pp., plus six folding maps and four plates. Contemporary calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Front hinge tender on first volume, armorial bookplate on front pastedowns. Internally clean. Near fine.

A rare and important narrative of an early exploratory expedition in Hudson Bay in search of the Northwest Passage. The expedition was dispatched by the North West Committee in 1746 as part of an attempt to verify the assertions of Arthur Dobbs and Christopher Middleton in the quest for a passage. The two ships which made up the expedition examined Wager Bay and wintered at the Hudson’s Bay Company’s York Factory. Streeter describes this anonymously authored work, which is rarely seen on the market, as a “significant item in the literature relating to attempts at finding the Northwest Passage...it tells of a voyage undertaken to sustain Arthur Dobbs’ claim that a northwest passage existed leading from Hudson’s Bay.” The outcome was to prove the opposite. Among the illustrations is a plate of an Indian in a kayak, and another shows an Indian tent and equipment. TPL and Sabin call for only five maps, although some copies, such as the present, contain six. STREETER SALE 3640. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 748/54. SABIN 82549. TPL 206. JCB (3)I:872. $45,000.

Remarkable Description of a Utopian Community in the American West in 1818

28. Ellis, G.A.: NEW BRITAIN. A NARRATIVE OF A JOURNEY...TO A COUNTRY SO CALLED BY ITS INHABITANTS, DISCOVERED IN THE VAST PLAIN OF THE MISSOURI, IN NORTH AMERICA, AND INHABITED BY THE PEOPLE OF BRITISH ORIGIN, WHO LIVE UNDER AN EQUITABLE SYSTEM OF SOCIETY, PRODUCTIVE OF PECULIAR INDEPENDENCE AND HAPPINESS. London: W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 1820. viii,336pp. Later three-quarter dark brown morocco and cloth, bound by Riviere & Son, spine gilt with raised bands, marbled endpapers, t.e.g. Very good. Uncut on two sides.

An interesting Utopian narrative, probably written under a pseudonym, describing an imaginary ideal state in the American West. The author tells how he heard from an Englishman named Hebertson about a settlement of people of Scottish origin in the plains near the Missouri River. He determined to visit, and commenced his journey from New York on April 7, 1818, travelling through Illinois, across the Mississippi and southwest until he reached New Britain. There he remained for nine months before returning to write his narrative.

Most of the text describes the imaginary utopian civilization of New Britain, said to be founded by refugees from the era of Henry VIII seeking religious freedom. After a difficult beginning, the colony had renounced its previous laws and founded a government based on reason. The democratic socialist society evolved into a land of villages populated by artisans and agricultural works, a sort of Jeffersonian ideal. New ideas and technology were obtained by sending spies into the outside world. The society existed without money or trade, and with universal education, controlled population growth, and minimal government. Religion was limited to communal worship of a supreme spirit. The author, deeply impressed, returned to England to spread the good news.

An interesting and rare American utopia, praised by Howgego as “pleasantly readable and has much of originality to com- mend it.” Included in both the standard Americana and Utopian references, it is quite scarce in the market. HOWES E118. SABIN 22299. FIELD 498. MAGGS, BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 3454. EBERSTADT 103:97. HOW- GEGO, IMAGINARY VOYAGES AND INVENTED WORLDS E3. BLEILER, SCIENCE FICTION 657. BLEILER (1978), p.68. NEGLEY 313. PENN STATE UTOPIA CATALOGUE, p.57. SARGENT, p.18. $3500. Firsthand Account of the Lewis and Clark Expedition

29. Gass, Patrick: A JOURNAL OF THE VOYAGES AND TRAVELS OF A CORPS OF DISCOVERY, UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPT. LEWIS AND CAPT. CLARKE [sic] OF THE ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES, FROM THE MOUTH OF THE RIVER MISSOURI THROUGH THE INTERIOR PARTS OF NORTH AMERICA TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN, DURING THE YEARS 1804, 1805 & 1806. Pittsburgh: Printed by Zadok Cramer, for David M’Keehan, Publisher and Pro- prietor, 1807. 262pp. 12mo. Contemporary calf spine and patterned paper boards, spine gilt. Boards heavily worn. Later ownership label on front pastedown, contemporary ownership inscriptions on endpapers. Two leaves (C3, C4) loose and slightly worn. Some light scattered foxing and soiling, but on the whole quite clean internally. Very good. In a cloth clamshell case.

A rare, unsophisticated copy of the first edition of the earliest published firsthand account of the Lewis and Clark expedition: “one of the essential books for an Americana collection” (Streeter). The origins of Gass’ journal are explained in an April 7, 1805 letter from Meriwether Lewis to President Thomas Jefferson: “We have encouraged our men to keep journals, and seven of them do so, to whom in this respect we give every assistance in our power.” Because of the delay in the publication of the official account, Gass’ journal became the first to appear in print, and as such was eagerly taken up by readers starved for information about the discoveries. “Patrick Gass was a rough reliable frontier soldier when he joined the Lewis and Clark expedition. He was made a sergeant when Sergeant Floyd died. He writes a terse soldier’s narrative with rugged honesty....For seven years his story offered the only real information the nation had of the Oregon country and of the Louisiana Purchase. It is a work of primary importance” – Webster A. Jones. First editions of Gass’ journal have become scarce, particularly in good condition. STREETER SALE 3120. GRAFF 1516. SABIN 26741. HILL 685. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 12646. SMITH 3465. WAGNER-CAMP 6:1. HOWES G77, “b.” LITERATURE OF THE LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION 3.1. $16,000.

One of the Gambling Classics

30. Green, Jonathan H.: GAMBLING UNMASKED! OR THE PERSONAL EXPERIENCE OF J.H. GREEN, THE REFORMED GAMBLER, DESIGNED AS A WARNING TO THE YOUNG MEN OF THIS COUNTRY. Written by Himself. Philadelphia. 1847. [2],312pp. plus frontispiece and five plates. 12mo. Original brown embossed cloth, spine gilt. Scattered fading, spine and edges chipped. Bookplate and ownership stamp on front and rear pastedowns, penciled notations to flyleaves. Front hinge tender. Foxing and toning, lower margin stained on some pages. About good.

The second edition, after the first of 1844. “A reformed gambler’s adventures among brother card-sharps, counterfeit- ers, etc., along the lower Mississippi, from Kentucky to Louisiana” – Howes. One of several works by Green, the most important early writer on gambling in America. This book is the most famous of his works, and reveals various forms of card-sharking and cheating. HOWES G365. $2750.

Classic Photographically Illustrated Book on the American West

31. Hayden, Ferdinand V.: Russell, Andrew J., photographer: SUN PICTURES OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY, WITH A DESCRIP- TION OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL FEATURES, AND SOME ACCOUNT OF THE RESOURCES OF THE GREAT WEST; CONTAINING THIRTY PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS ALONG THE LINE OF THE PACIFIC RAIL ROAD, FROM OMAHA TO SACRAMENTO. New York: Julius Bien, 1870. viii,150pp. Thirty mounted albumen photographs. Large quarto. Half title. Contem- porary three-quarter green morocco and cloth, spine gilt, a.e.g.; rebacked, preserving the original spine. Corners heavily worn. Bookplate of noted collector Kenneth E. Hill on front pastedown. Im- ages bright and clean, internally fresh. Very good.

This impressive book, one of the standard pieces of photographically illustrated Western Americana, was prepared by the famous geologist, Ferdinand V. Hayden. The photographs, taken by A.J. Russell, appeared in a larger format the previous year in Russell’s extremely rare album, THE GREAT WEST ILLUSTRATED. The views, depicting scenes along the line of the Union Pacific, are intended to illustrate the geology which can be observed from the train. Despite the title, all the photographs are of locales within the Rockies and the Sierra Nevada (twelve in Wyoming, sixteen in Utah, and two in California). Hayden wrote: “The pictures have been arranged so as to commence with the first range of mountains west of Cheyenne, and to continue thence to the Salt Lake Valley with the view that the book may be used as a guide by those who will avail themselves of the grand opportunities for geological study....”

“In using Russell’s photographs as illustrations in SUN PICTURES OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY, geologist Hayden took the long view of history, emphasizing the value of pictures as documents of geological change while profess- ing indifference to the more recent past. For Hayden, the geologic features of the West were like an open book, affording the educated reader the opportunity to understand millions of years of geologic history” – Sandweiss. HOWES H337. SABIN 31007. TRUTHFUL LENS 81. FLAKE 3920. MARGOLIS, TO DELIGHT THE EYE 7. SANDWEISS 177. $15,000.

A Legendary Rarity of Tennessee

32. Haywood, John: THE NATURAL AND ABORIGINAL HISTORY OF TENNESSEE, UP TO THE FIRST SETTLEMENTS THEREIN BY THE WHITE PEOPLE, IN THE YEAR 1768. Nashville: Printed by George Wilson, 1823. viii,390,liv pp. Contemporary calf, spine gilt, leather labels. Corners worn, joints cracked. Modern bookplate on each pastedown. Contemporary ownership inscription on front flyleaf and titlepage. Light foxing and toning. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase and chemise.

First edition of Haywood’s substantial account of the natural and aboriginal history of Tennessee. A judge in Davidson County and one of the pioneering historians of Tennessee, Haywood wrote the companion volume entitled THE CIVIL AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, FROM ITS EARLIEST SETTLEMENT UP TO THE YEAR 1796, also published in 1823. In addition to providing much information about the Indians of Tennessee, the author attempts to demonstrate the relationship of Native Americans to the Caucasian race. He also includes details regarding Mexicans, Hindus, Persians, Peruvians, Cherokees, Chicka- saws, and Natchez Indians. “In this book, now exceedingly rare and highly prized, the author has brought together a very large number of curious facts, relating to the origin and character of the natives of his State, prior to the settlement by the whites. He does not favor the hypothesis of great antiquity in the Indian nations of America, and believes in their common origin with the Caucasian race. He describes with great minuteness and care the relics of the race which once inhabited the territory, its utensils, skeletons, crania, and fortifications, most of which he appears to have personally inspected” – Field.

This is one of the most difficult Tennessee books to acquire. SABIN 31085. FIELD 670. HOWES H359, “b.” CHURCH 1325. STREETER 1659. SIEBERT SALE 371. ALLEN IMPRINTS 562. AII (TENNESSEE) 121. STREETER SALE 1659. $17,500.

With a Important Version of the Maps

33. Hennepin, Louis: AENMERCKELYCKE HISTORISCHE REYS-BESCHRYVINGE DOOR VERSCHEYDE LANDEN VEEL GROOTER ALS DIE VAN GEHEEL EUROPA ONLANGHS ONTDECKT. Utrecht. 1698. [2, printed titlepage],[28],142,[18]pp. plus engraved titlepage, four engraved plates, and a folding map. Small quarto. Con- temporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, rebacked, with original spine laid down, spine gilt, leather label. Minor shelf wear. Some repairs to verso of folding map. Very good.

The first Dutch translation of Hennepin’s 1698 NOUVEAU VOYAGE..., which is a continuation of his NOUVELLE DECOUVERTE... of the previous year. In this work, he added new material drawn from contemporary sources on Indian manners and customs and various North American travels. The first eight chapters describe the adventures and murder of La Salle, while the last concern the British treatment of the Recollets after the taking of Quebec in 1629. Lengthy passages are taken from Le Clercq’s ETABLISSEMENT DE LA FOY of 1688. Despite the fact that Hennepin has been severely and justly criticized for imposture and plagiarism, his works, according to Thwaites, still stand as “invaluable contributions to the sources of American history; they deserve study, and to this day furnish rare entertainment. We can pardon much to our erratic friar, when he leaves to us such monuments as these.”

No other narratives of French exploration in the interior of North America enjoyed as wide a popularity or stimulated as much controversy and criticism among later scholars as those of Hennepin. A Recollet missionary, Father Hennepin went to New France in 1675, and in 1678 he set out with La Salle to explore the fertile basin of the Mississippi River. While La Salle turned back to raise funds to continue the voyage, Hennepin went on to ascend the river from Fort Crevecoeur (Chicago) and penetrated farther northwest into the interior than any white man to that time. He discovered St. Anthony’s Falls near the present site of Minneapolis, and provided the first eyewitness account of Niagara Falls.

“Based on various contemporary sources, it is made up of information concerning the manners and customs of the Indians and of La Salle’s extraordinary labors in the far reaches of Canada’s new frontier” – Howes.

The map is titled: “Carte d’un Nouveau monde entre le Nouveau Mexique et la Mer Glaciale. Gasp. Bouttats fecit.” The four finely engraved plates illustrate two views of La Salle, an Iroquois battle scene, and the taking of the city of Quebec by the English.

A rare Dutch translation, with excellent and sought-after engravings. HOWES H417, “b.” SABIN 31358. DECKER 50:121. BELL, p.263. FIELD 168. PEQUOT 338. $6000.

Early Photographs of Aged Revolutionaries

34. Hillard, Elias B., Rev.: THE LAST MEN OF THE REVOLUTION. A PHOTOGRAPH OF EACH FROM LIFE, TOGETHER WITH VIEWS OF THEIR HOMES PRINTED IN COLORS. ACCOMPANIED BY BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THE MEN. Hartford: Published by N.A. & R.A. Moore, 1864. 64pp. plus six original mounted photographs and six colored lithographs. 12mo. Original half leather and pebbled green cloth, front board gilt, spine gilt. Some rubbing and spotting to cloth. Very good.

This book is remarkable for its extraordinarily early mounted photographs of actual veterans of the American Revolution. Hillard produced it during the Civil War to inspire patriotic sentiments by providing verbal and visual portraits of the experienced old veterans. The colored lithographs show their homes. The persons photographed are Samuel Downing, Daniel Waldo, Lemuel Cook, Alexander Millener, William Hutchings, and Adam Link. An additional chapter on James Barham is unillustrated as he could not be found, although there was no record of his death. The photographs provide a remarkable reach back in time, showing persons born in the 1750s and 1760s. “The photographs were made uniformly under makeshift circumstances as would have been required if the photographs were made IN SITU while Hillard visited each for a personal interview” – TRUTHFUL LENS. A truly wonderful little book.

This copy does not contain a facsimile of a letter written by Edward Everett, who served as both a congressman and governor of Massachusetts, commenting on the work. The original letter was written within days of Everett’s death on Jan. 15, 1865, and the facsimile is not found in all copies. BENNETT, p.56. HOWES H490. SABIN 31871. TRUTHFUL LENS 86. McGRATH, pp.114-15, 132-33. $7500.

The Rare Second Edition

35. Horry, Peter: Weems, Mason Locke: THE LIFE OF GEN. FRANCIS MARION, A CELEBRATED PARTIZAN OFFICER, IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR, AGAINST THE BRITISH AND TORIES, IN SOUTH-CAROLINA AND GEORGIA. Baltimore: W.D. Bell & J.F. Cook, 1814. 270pp. 12mo. Contemporary speckled calf, leather label, spine gilt. Boards and corners lightly rubbed. Modern bookplate on rear pastedown. Contemporary ownership signature on titlepage. Scattered foxing, toning throughout. Very good.

The second edition, almost as hard to come by as the first edition of 1809, of one of the rarest of all southern military books and Revolutionary War accounts, compiled from information supplied by Gen. Peter Horry and written by the famed Parson Mason Weems. General Francis Marion, “The Swamp Fox,” was one of the leading American commanders of the Revolution in the South. His brilliant operations in the Carolinas kept thousands of British troops tied down and contributed immensely to an ultimate American victory. Plain and unassuming, he was widely beloved by his contemporaries, and after his death this book instigated his ascent to legendary status. Horry, Marion’s second in command for part of the war, supplied many of the facts for the book, although he was allegedly disgusted by Weems’ flowery passages and disclaimed any connection with the book. What he disliked, others embraced, and the book went through many editions. All of the early editions are rare. DAB XII, pp.283-84. HOWES H650. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 33636, 33637. $12,500. A Classic Massachusetts History

36. Hutchinson, Thomas: THE HISTORY OF THE COLONY OF MASSACHUSETS-BAY, FROM THE FIRST SETTLEMENT THEREOF IN 1628. UNTIL ITS INCORPORATION WITH THE COLONY OF PLYMOUTH, PROVINCE OF MAIN, &c. BY THE CHARTER OF KING WILLIAM AND QUEEN MARY IN 1691. [with:] THE HISTORY OF THE PROVINCE OF MASSACHUSETS-BAY, FROM THE CHARTER OF KING WIL- LIAM AND QUEEN MARY, IN 1691, UNTIL THE YEAR 1750. [with:] A COLLECTION OF ORIGINAL PA- PERS RELATIVE TO THE HISTORY OF THE COLONY OF MASSACHUSETS-BAY Boston: Thomas & John Fleet, 1764, 1767, 1769. [4],iv,566; [4],iv,539; [2],ii,576pp. plus later wood-engraved frontispiece of “Hutchinson House.” Antique-style half calf and marbled boards, spines gilt with leather labels. Titlepage of second volume with some slight loss, affecting several letters, neatly repaired; titlepage of third volume with minor loss of blank corner, neatly repaired. Minor foxing and toning. Very good.

The first edition of this classic Massachusetts history, published in three separate volumes. The first volume discusses the early years of the colony from first settlement in 1628 until 1691. The second volume covers Massachusetts from the 1691 charter until 1750, and includes an index to both volumes. The third volume was published by Hutchinson to support and elucidate the principal facts related in the first two volumes of the History of Massachusetts Bay, and may serve as an appendix to it. According to Sabin, this third volume is “a necessary adjunct to Hutchinson’s HISTORY.” “Hutchinson’s HISTORY OF MASSACHUSETTS-BAY accurately recounted these events and contained sympathetic accounts of Puri- tanism; the Antinomian heresy of Hutchinson’s ancestor, Anne Hutchinson; and Massachusetts opposition in the 1680s to the ‘tyrannical disposition’ of the royalist governor, Sir Edmund Andros, and his administration’s ‘harpies.’ Hutchinson’s HISTORY acknowledged the multiplicity of jostling interest groups in Massachusetts and the duty of government to protect the public interest from the demands of self-interested groups” – ANB.

Hutchinson (1711-80), besides being a colonial historian, was governor of Massachusetts from 1771 to 1773 and a staunch Loyalist. He left Boston for London in late 1773, after he had helped cause the Boston Tea Party, and remained in exile in England until his death in 1780. The first two volumes of Hutchinson’s work on the Massachusetts colony are complete unto themselves, but the third volume acts as a valuable appendix. Each volume is rare; rarer still to find both together. An important and early colonial history. HOWES H853. EVANS 9705, 10658, 11300. ESTC W20456, W20464, W31190. SABIN 34075, 34078, 34069. $3750.

A Massachusetts Commission, Engraved by Silversmith Nathaniel Hurd and Signed by Gov. Thomas Hutchinson

37. Hutchinson, Thomas: Sewall, Samuel: THOMAS HUTCHINSON, ESQUIRE; CAPTAIN-GENERAL AND GOVERNOR IN CHIEF, IN AND OVER HIS MAJESTY’S PROVINCE OF MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, TO SAMUEL SEWALL ESQ GREETING. BY VIRTUE OF THE POWER AND AUTHORITY IN AND BY HIS MAJESTY’S ROYAL COMMISSION TO ME GRANTED TO BE...FIRST MAJOR OF THE REGIMENT OF MILITIA.... Boston. Aug. 5, 1771. Broadside, 14¼ x 16 inches. Expertly silked, with some strengthening of fold lines on verso, mild loss along centerfold. Good. In a blue cloth folding case.

A superb engraved colonial appointment from Loyalist Massachusetts Governor Thomas Hutchinson, completed in manuscript and signed by him during his first official year as governor of the colony. In the document, Hutchinson appoints Samuel Sewall, Esq. to the position of First Major for the Militia of York County, Massachusetts (now the southernmost county in present-day Maine), under the command of Col. Nathaniel Sparhawk. Hutchinson signed the document at top left, just beneath the seal. The manuscript portions of the document appear to be in the hand of Hutchinson’s secretary, John Cotton, whose signature appears at the bottom of the document. Additionally, there are two witness signatures on the verso.

This interesting document involves two important Massachusetts figures. Thomas Hutchinson was a merchant and politician, and the most prominent Loyalist in the province, ascending from lieutenant governor to governor of Massachusetts, serving in the latter role from 1771 to 1773 after a brief period as acting governor. Hutchinson was a nuisance to the Revolutionaries, as he continually sided with the Crown on the most hated of British taxes. Hutchinson fled Boston for London in late 1773, and remained in exile in England until his death in 1780. He also wrote an important history on the Massachusetts Bay, the first volume of which was published in 1764, with the third volume published posthumously.

The appointee is Maj. Samuel Sewall, Esq. Sewall was a great-nephew of famed Salem witch trial judge Samuel Sewall. He was an accomplished inventor, furniture maker, architect, and engineer, credited as the first person to drive piles into deep rivers as a foundation for bridges. He designed and helped build the bridge that would later bear his name in York County, and helped design and erect the Charlestown Bridge in Boston in 1786. Very little is known of Sewall’s military career; it is very likely that Sewall switched allegiances and served with the patriots during the Revolution, as he was a respected and influential citizen of York for the remainder of his days.

The document was engraved by talented Boston silversmith, Nathaniel Hurd. Hurd was an expert with precious metals, especially the ornate decorations that characterized the rococo style of the period. He also produced a large number of bookplates for prominent citizens of Boston, trade cards, paper currency, table of weights and measures, various important prints, and engraved military commissions ordered by the provincial government, like the present example. Hurd died just six years after the date of this document, cutting short the career of an early American silversmith engraver who was at least the equal of Paul Revere, if not the best silversmith in Boston of his period.

An outstanding colonial appointment signed by the penultimate British governor of Massachusetts, appointing a first-rate engineer from a prominent Massachusetts family to first major of the York militia. $6000.

The Most Desirable Edition

38. Imlay, Gilbert: A TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WESTERN TERRITORY OF NORTH AMERICA: CONTAINING A SUCCINCT ACCOUNT OF ITS SOIL, CLIMATE, NATURAL HISTORY, POPU- LATION, AGRICULTURE, MANNERS AND CUSTOMS...The Third Edition, with Great Additions. London. 1797. xii,598,[28],[2]pp. plus three folding maps and a folding plan. Half title. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards Light foxing, pencil marginalia and underlining throughout. Good.

“The most complete version of this work, in which form it was the most informative compilation on the West at the end of the 18th century” – Streeter. “...The most complete information on the trans-Allegany frontier...” – Howes. The third edition of Imlay’s work adds so much material to the earlier editions as to make it a completely different work, embellished with important maps. Here he gives the complete texts of Filson’s famous work on Kentucky, and Hutchins on Florida, Louisiana, and Virginia, as well as an account of Indians, Indian corn, ancient earthworks, the soil in the Genesee country, Patrick Kennedy’s journal up the Illinois River, a reprint of A SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF TENNAS- SEE [sic] which first appeared in Philadelphia the previous year, the act creating Knoxville, the 1796 treaty with Spain, and the plan of association of the North American Land Company. All of this is illuminated by “A Map of the Western Territories of the United States,” “A Map of the State of Kentucky from Actual Survey by Elihu Barker of Philadelphia,” and “A Map of the Tennassee [sic] Government....” The folding plan shows the falls of the Ohio. One of the most important pieces of Americana of the late 18th century. STREETER SALE 1525. HOWES I12, “b.” FIELD 747. THOMSON 632. SABIN 34358. VAIL 1130. BUCK 43. CLARK II:41. GRAFF 2091. RADER 2003. $3000.

Jefferson’s First Book

39. [Jefferson, Thomas]: A SUMMARY VIEW OF THE RIGHTS OF BRIT- ISH AMERICA. SET FORTH IN SOME RESOLUTIONS INTENDED FOR THE INSPECTION OF THE PRESENT DELEGATES OF THE PEOPLE OF VIRGINIA, NOW IN CONVENTION. By a Native, and Member of the House of Burgesses. Philadelphia: Re-Printed by John Dunlap, 1774. 22 [of 23] pp. Last leaf provided in expert facsimile. Antique-style half calf and marbled boards. A bit tanned. Overall just about very good.

The extremely rare John Dunlap second edition, and first obtainable edition, of Thomas Jefferson’s first book, a central document of the Revolution. “This is Jefferson’s first separately printed book and, according to Randolph Adams is one of the four fundamental works relating to the Revolution...The SUMMARY VIEW should be required reading for those who today are inclined to minimize and excuse the conduct of the British towards our ancestors” – Streeter. Jefferson submitted this petition to the Virginia convention, with the intent that it be sent to King George. Because of its strong tone it was never sent, but printed copies circulated in America and a London edition appeared as well. It was an extraordinary debut, and its success was probably responsible for Jefferson’s election to the Second Continental Congress and his role in drafting the Declaration of Independence.

The first edition of the SUMMARY VIEW was printed in a small edition at Wil- liamsburg, also in 1774, and survives in seven known copies, six in institutions (the last copy at auction, in 1991, realized $231,000, and is in a private collection). Another copy of the present edition realized $27,500 the same year. The present copy, with only the final paragraph in facsimile, was sold by this firm to the collector Laird Park, and appeared in his sale in 2000. We are pleased to now offer it again. The two copies mentioned seem to be the only ones to trade in the last thirty years. HOWES J79. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 74-37a. AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE 119b. STREETER SALE 754. EVANS 13351. SABIN 35918. $38,500. Jefferson Refuses a Demand “for certain services performed”

40. Jefferson, Thomas: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM THOMAS JEFFERSON TO JAMES L. ED- WARDS OF BOSTON, REFUSING DEMANDS FOR PAYMENT FROM A NEWSPAPER PUBLISHER]. Mon- ticello. Sept. 5, [1811]. [1½]pp. on a single leaf, with separate leaf folded as cover, addressed and franked with Jefferson’s signature. Pen and ink on paper. Quarto. Clean, partial split along one fold, old 1/16-inch archival repairs to three corners, else fine. Cover leaf with modest soiling, traces of seal. In a blue half morocco and cloth slipcase.

An interesting Jefferson letter in which he rebuffs a request for payment of a thousand dollars by the editor of the SAVANNAH REPUBLICAN newspaper. He stridently objects to the payment demand, and seeks to defend his honor and reputation in setting his correspondent straight.

Jefferson subscribed to a number of newspapers while he was president, including the SAVANNAH REPUBLICAN. He cancelled almost all of these subscriptions, including that for the ...REPUBLICAN, when he left office at the beginning of 1809, taking care to pay all his outstanding bills. It appears from this letter that Norman McLean, one-time editor of the ...REPUBLICAN, promised his suc- cessor, James Edwards, that he would pay Edwards money he owed him once he collected $1000 owed McLean by Jefferson. Edwards wrote to Jefferson on Aug. 20, 1811 asking for the money that Jefferson owed McLean. In the present letter Jefferson stridently objects to the request and insists that his account with McLean is settled. A review of Jefferson’s memorandum and account books cor- roborates Jefferson’s claim. McLean was seemingly trying to forestall Edwards’ requests for payment by claiming that Jefferson still owed him money, and that he would pay Edwards when he was paid by Jefferson.

Jefferson writes:

“Sir, “Your letter of August 20th has truly surprised me. In that it is said that, for certain services performed by Mr. James Lyon and Mr. Samuel Morse, formerly editors of the Savannah Republican, I promised them the sum of 1000 D. This, Sir, is totally unfounded. I never promised to any printer on earth the sum of 1000 D., nor any other sum, for certain services performed, or for any services which that expression would imply. I have had no accounts with printers but for their newspapers, for which I have paid always the ordinary price and no more. I have occasionally joined in moderate contributions to printers, as I have done to other descriptions of persons, distressed or persecuted, not by promise, but the actual payment of what I contributed. When Mr. Morse went to Savannah, he called on me and told me he meant to publish a paper there, for which I subscribed, and paid him the year in advance. I continued to take it from his successors, Everett & McLean, and Everett & Evans, and paid for it at different epochs up to December 31, 1808, when I withdrew my subscription. You say McLean informed you ‘he had some expectation of getting the money, as he had received a letter from me on the subject.’ If such a letter exists under my name, it is a forgery. I never wrote but a single letter to him; that was of the 28th of January, 1810, and was on the subject of the last payment made for his newspaper, and on no other subject; and I have two receipts of his, (the last dated March 9, 1809) of payments for his paper, both stating to be in full of all demands, and a letter of the 17th of April, 1810, in reply to mine, manifestly showing he had no demand against me of any other nature. The promise is said to have been made to Morse & Lyon. Were Mr. Morse living, I should appeal to him with confidence, as I believe him to have been a very honest man. Mr. Lyon I suppose to be living, and will, I am sure, acquit me of any such transaction as that alleged. The truth, then, being that I never made the promise suggested, nor any one of a like nature to any printer or other person whatever, every principle of justice and of self-respect requires that I should not listen to any such demand.”

Jefferson sent James Lyon a copy of the letter the same day:

“You will perceive at once its swindling object. My confidence in your character leaves me without a doubt of your honest aid in repelling this base and bold attempt to fix on me practices to which no honors or powers in this world would ever have induced me to stoop. I have solicited none, intrigued for none.”

Jefferson died severely in debt, and he was plagued by money problems throughout his life. He was no doubt sensitive to the problem of his outstanding accounts and, as this letter shows, overly sensitive to demands for money which he did not owe. An evocative letter. WRITINGS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON (1907) XIII, pp.82-84. $45,000.

Presentation Copy in Original Wrappers

41. King, Charles: THE FIFTH CAVALRY IN THE SIOUX WAR OF 1876. CAMPAIGNING WITH CROOK. Milwaukee, Wi.: Printed by the Sentinel Company, 1880. [8],133,[1]pp. Original printed wrappers. Spine chipped at top (half inch) and bottom (2 inches). Wrappers soiled, moderately dampstained, and with small chips at edges. Contemporary inscription on front wrapper: “compliments of the author.” Light age toning internally. A very good copy. In a half morocco box.

This is the rare first edition, of which King states in the preface to the 1890 reprint: “Only enough copies were printed to reach the few comrades who rode the grim circuit of the ‘Bad Lands’ in that eventful year, and the edition was long ago exhausted.” King was first lieutenant of the Fifth Cavalry, and served through the Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition of 1876. His journal of the expedition is one of the most interesting narratives of Indian warfare in the Wyoming and Dakota country ever published. The company left Laramie on June 22 for the purpose of cutting off the Indians on the South Cheyenne line. On July 7 a courier reached them with news of the annihilation of Gen. Custer and his favorite companies of the Seventh Cavalry. The Fifth Cavalry, with nothing but the clothes they wore and without supply wagons, started in pursuit of the Indians, trailing and fighting them through nearly a thousand miles of country in a period of ten weeks, halting only at the head of the Heart River, when the last ration was gone. HOWES K147, “b.” GRAFF 2327. JONES 1607. STREETER SALE 1826. JENNEWEIN 63. $11,500.

Interesting Association

42. Knox, John, Capt.: AN HISTORICAL JOURNAL OF THE CAMPAIGNS IN NORTH-AMERICA, FOR THE YEARS 1757, 1758, 1759, AND 1760: CONTAINING THE MOST REMARKABLE OCCURRENCES OF THAT PERIOD; PARTICULARLY THE TWO SIEGES OF QUEBEC, &c. &c..... London: Printed for the Author; and sold by W. Johnston..., 1769. Two volumes. ix,[7],405pp. plus errata leaf and folding map; [2],465pp. plus errata leaf. Frontis- piece portrait in each volume. Quarto. Contemporary three quarter speckled calf over vellum boards, neatly rebacked in contemporary style, preserving original spine labels. Minor edge wear, covers slightly bowed. Internally clean and fresh. Overall very good.

The present copy bears the ownership signature on each front pastedown of “Thos. Pitt,” likely Thomas Pitt (1737-93), first Baron Camelford, who sat in the House of Commons before being elevated to the House of Lords in 1784. Pitt also served in the Grenville Cabinet as admiralty minister in 1763.

“One of the most accurate and detailed accounts available on the sieges of Louis- bourg and Quebec” – TPL. Knox arrived in Halifax, Nova Scotia, with his regiment in 1757 to take part in the anticipated expedition against Louisbourg, although the attack was postponed and the regiment did not see action in the siege. They did take part in the battle of the Plains of Abraham, served under James Murray at Quebec in the winter of 1759-60, and participated in the capitulation of Montreal in 1760. Knox gives a firsthand account of the battles, and supplements his narrative with printings of important official documents and orders from both the British and the French. The portraits represent generals Wolfe and Amherst, and the map, by Thomas Kitchin, shows the British dominions in North America according to the treaty of 1763. HOWES K222, “b.” DIONNE II:751. LANDE 486. GAGNON I:1880. JCB 1680. STREETER SALE 1030. SABIN 38164. VLACH 417. TPL 323. $6250.

First Edition of La Pérouse’s Voyage, with the Atlas

43. La Pérouse, Jean François: VOYAGE DE LA PÉROUSE AUTOUR DU MONDE.... Paris: de l’Imprimerie de la Republique, 1797. Four large quarto text volumes plus folio atlas. Text volumes: [4],lxxii,346,[1]; [4],398,[1]; [4],422,[1]; [4],309pp. plus engraved portrait frontispiece in first volume. Atlas: Engraved titlepage plus sixty-nine maps and plates (many folding). Half titles. Text volumes: Large quarto. Original blue marbled paper boards, paper labels. Atlas: Large folio. Matching blue marbled boards, paper label. All untrimmed, some gatherings unopened, especially in third text volume. Some rubbing to spine ends, joints, and labels. Unobtrusive worming to part of the text in second and third volumes, persistent light dampstain at bottom edge of some leaves in third volume. Atlas with light marginal dampstaining on some leaves. Overall, a near fine copy in contemporary condition.

First edition of one of the greatest French voyages, published by order of the French government. La Pérouse, one of the foremost French navigators of the 18th century, left Brest with two vessels in 1785 to explore the northwest coast of America. He arrived there the following summer and explored extensively along the Alaska coast, then sailed south to California. The expedition’s goals were to explore the potential for fur trading ventures, pursue the geographical exploration of both America and Siberia, investigate the possibility of a northwest passage, and establish some French claim north of Spanish and south of Russian claims on the American coast. After his California visit, La Pérouse visited China, some Pacific islands, and the Siberian coast. He sent back copies of his journals, both overland across Russia and via British ships met at Botany Bay in the spring of 1788. After he left Australia his party was never seen again, and it was not until the 1820s that the wrecks of his ships were discovered on a reef in the Santa Cruz group. When it became clear that something had happened to the expedition, a decision was made to publish the journals he had transmitted home.

The La Pérouse voyage is notable for its superb mapping of the Alaska and California coasts (discussed at length by Wag- ner in CARTOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHWEST COAST), including maps of San Diego, Monterey, and the entire Northwest Coast. The atlas also contains numerous interesting views of the coast in California and the Pacific, as well as botanical and natural history plates. The text contains a wealth of scientific and ethnographic information. “It is one of the finest narratives of maritime exploration ever written, and certainly deserves to hold a place of high honor among the great travel accounts of the eighteenth century” – Howell.

Although La Pérouse did not sail around the world, as announced in the title, he might well have achieved that objective if disaster had not overtaken him. HILL 972. HOWES L93, “b.” STREETER SALE 3493. WAGNER NORTHWEST COAST 837-848, pp.199-201. SABIN 38960. ZAMORANO 80, 49. COWAN, p.383. LADA-MOCARSKI 52. FERGUSON 251. FORBES 272. $35,000. A Remarkable Journal of Two Critical Expeditions

44. Lacey, John, Jr.: [ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT JOURNAL DESCRIBING JOHN LACEY, JR.’S 1773 EXPEDI- TION TO THE DELAWARE INDIANS, AND THE 1776 CANADIAN CAMPAIGN]. [Pennsylvania. ca. 1777]. Two manuscript journals. [36],[78]pp., about 15,000 words in total. Written on laid paper with a large and unusual watermark depicting a Native American holding a staff. Written in a 12mo. notebook of contemporary plain paper wrappers entitled “Journals” in manuscript on front wrapper and “John Lacey’s Journal” in manuscript on first leaf. Front wrapper and first gathering of text neatly detached, several leaves loosening. Text toned. Several instances of cross-outs and corrections in the text. Occasional staining, one leaf torn in bottom edge affecting a few words, but in very nice original condition. In a half morocco box.

A remarkable American Revolutionary manuscript describing John Lacey, Jr.’s participation in the 1776 Canadian Campaign, in which he served under Anthony Wayne and clashed many times with that famous figure. Especially noteworthy are Lacey’s descriptions of the poor physical condition of the soldiers of the Continental Army during their retreat from Canada, the illness and death that ran rampant through the camps, and the deplorable state of their supplies and provisions. Lacey’s Revolutionary War journal is preceded by his description of his 1773 Quaker missionary expedition to the Delaware Indians and his interactions with the Indians in the Ohio country, including the important Chief Logan. The two manuscript accounts are contained in a contemporary notebook and appear to have been written shortly after the Lacey’s 1776 resignation from the Continental Army but before he rejoined the army in 1777. Lacey very well may have wanted to record his 1776 experiences and his clashes with Anthony Wayne, while the events were still fresh in his mind. A version of Lacey’s memoirs were published in 1901, but the published account differs in several respects from the present manuscript.

John Lacey, Jr. (1755-1814) was from Bucks County, Pennsylvania. While still a teenager, in 1773 he accompanied his uncle, a Quaker minister, on a missionary visit to the Delaware Indians (see below). Despite his Quaker pacifist religious beliefs, he became captain of a company of Pennsylvania Associators in August 1775. In January 1776 he was commissioned a captain in the Continental Army as an officer in the 4th Pennsylvania Battalion under Col. Anthony Wayne. He served under Wayne in the ill-fated Canadian Campaign, engaging in a bitter feud with Wayne until resigning in November 1776. In March 1777, Lacey accepted the office of sub-lieutenant for Bucks County with the rank of lieutenant colonel, taking command of the 4th Battalion of Bucks County militia in May 1777. On Jan. 9, 1778, Lacey was appointed a brigadier general in command of the Pennsylvania militia, temporarily replacing Brig. Gen. James Potter. Potter returned to his command in 1778, displacing Lacey, but Lacey continued in service as a brigadier general of Pennsylvania militia at least until October 1781.

The first section here describes Lacey’s remarkable 1773 journey to Ohio to accompany his elderly uncle, Quaker preacher Zebulon Heston (1702-76), on a missionary visit to the Delaware Indians. The journey of some two months began on July 7, 1773, and Lacey provides detailed information on their route, where they stayed along the way, and whom they encountered. After nine days they crossed the Allegheny Mountains, and on July 19 they arrived at Pittsburgh, where they met with the Delaware Chief, Captain White Eyes. “We had a conference with one Captain White Eyes a Delaware Chief who had been lately at Philadelphia. He expressed great satisfaction at our arrival and said he would go with us, but wanted to stay a few days to see Joseph Simons from Lancaster who was going to bring his goods from thence.” White Eyes, however, had to remain in Pittsburgh longer than Heston and Lacey wanted, so they decided to meet up with Indian trader John Gibson and to have him guide them onward.

The next two-thirds of the manuscript journal gives a long and detailed account of Lacey’s first service in the Revolutionary War, beginning with his commission in early 1776 and his subsequent expulsion from the Quakers as a result of his taking up arms. He was first voted a captain of a local Bucks County volunteer militia which disbanded upon pressure from the Quakers. In January 1776 he was commissioned captain of the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment in the newly formed Continental Army, commanded by Anthony Wayne, with whom Lacey would have a complicated and tempestuous relationship, which is well described in this journal. In fact, early in this memoir Lacey writes that his assignment to Wayne’s battalion had been “unhappily forced,” and that despite his attempts to find another command, “all my endeavors proved ineffectual,” after which Lacey writes (and then crosses out): “by some sinister views of Col. Wayne.”

A remarkably rich narrative by a major Revolutionary War figure, describing his pre-war Quaker mission to the Delaware Indians, his thrilling experiences taking part in the Canadian Campaign of 1776, and his very contentious relationship with Anthony Wayne. A very detailed description is available on request. $75,000.

First English Edition of Great Lakes Travel

45. Lahontan, Louis Armand, Baron de: NEW VOYAGES TO NORTH-AMERICA. CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE SEVERAL NATIONS OF THAT VAST CONTINENT...A GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF CAN- ADA, AND A NATURAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTRY...TO WHICH IS ADDED, A DICTIONARY OF THE ALGONKINE LANGUAGE, WHICH IS GENERALLY SPOKE IN NORTH-AMERICA. ILLUSTRATED WITH TWENTY THREE MAPPS AND CUTTS.... London: Printed for H. Bonwicke [et al], 1703. Two volumes. [24],280; [2],302,[13]pp. plus twenty-four maps and plates (many folding). Lacks the advertisement leaf at the end of the second volume. Modern calf by Sangorski and Sutcliffe, ruled in gilt, spines gilt, a.e.g. Small neat repairs to the verso of several maps and plates. Very clean and neat internally. A handsome set.

First edition in English of Lahontan’s famous narrative, a curious blending of fact and fantasy, to be honored in regard to his account of his travels in the Great Lakes region, but to be accompanied by tongue placed amply in cheek in regard to his claims to have journeyed west of the Mississippi, which Howes states have the veracity of “the legends of the sea serpent.” The maps and plates are quite interesting, though the former evidence some confused geography, most notably that of the “Long River” west of the Great Lakes. Despite Lahontan’s lapses, this remains one of the most important midwestern travel narratives. The views of Indians and villages, as well as the maps, were engraved by H. Moll under the supervision of the author, and a new map of Newfoundland appears in this edition, as well as material relating to Lahontan’s non-American travels. Rare with all twenty-four plates and maps. HOWES L25, “b.” CLARK I:111. SABIN 38644. TPL 6357. STREETER SALE 107. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 2174. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI 86, 87. GREENLY, MICHIGAN 9 (note). EUROPEAN AMERICANA 703/86. SIEBERT SALE 668. $6750.

French Libertine Among American Indians

46. Le Beau, Claude: AVANTURES DU SR. C. LE BEAU, AVOCAT EN PARLEMENT, OU VOYAGE CURIEUX ET NOUVEAU, PARMI LES SAUVAGES DE L’AMERIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE.... Amsterdam: Chez Herman Uytwerf, 1738. Two volumes. [14],370,[6]; 430,[6]pp., plus six plates (all folding) and folding map. Titlepages printed in red and black. 12mo. Contemporary calf, raised bands, spines gilt. Spine ends bit chipped, bookplates removed. Small old circular stamp on titlepage of second volume and first text page of first volume. Still a very good, clean set. Both volumes in a single cloth slipcase.

In 1729, Le Beau was transported to New France from a French prison where he had been incarcerated for libertinism. He fled from Quebec to Holland in 1730, having been charged with counterfeiting and thereby facing a death sentence. Sabin describes his narrative as “a pleasant gossiping book, evidencing considerable acquaintance with the subjects described. It contains a description of the manners and customs of the Iroquois, the Hurons, the Algonquins, and other Indian tribes, derived from the author’s personal experiences, although the style in which the work is written is rather that of a romance than a true narrative.” Of particular interest are the chapters in which the author discusses the habits of the beaver and the religious ideas and customs of the Indians. “A description of Huron, Iroquois, and Algonquin customs, written in charming style and based, the Author claims, on observations made on a trip to America in 1729” – TPL. TPL 168. LANDE 513. HOWES L167. BELL L126. FIELD 901. GAGNON I:1992. JCB I:582. SABIN 39582. WINSOR IV, p.299. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 738/41. DCB II, pp.373-74. $2250.

Laws of the Leeward Islands

47. [Leeward Islands]: ACTS OF ASSEMBLY, PASSED IN THE CHARIBBEE LEEWARD ISLANDS. FROM 1690, TO 1730. London: John Baskett, 1734. 15,24,[4],25-231,[30]pp. Folio. Antique-style half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt with leather labels. A few leaves lightly tanned, last few leaves chipped and worn at edges. Very good.

Laws for the Leeward Islands, colonized by the British in the late 17th century, comprising Antigua, Montserrat, and the northern islands up to Puerto Rico in the Caribbean chain, such as Anguilla. Many of the present laws apply to the island of Antigua. Antigua, colonized by the British in the mid-17th century, served as a major sugar producer and hub for shipping in the West Indies. The American Revolutionary War caused a significant disruption in the sugar trade, and British sentiment against slavery further served to shift the economy of the islands in the late 18th century. Laws present here include those taxing liquors and sugars imported, establishing militias and courts, “An Act for the trial of criminal slaves,” acts establishing land titles, and more. ESTC T146305. $4000.

The Official State Department Printing of the Final Emancipation Proclamation

48. [Lincoln, Abraham]: BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION [caption title]. [Washington: Government Printing Office, ca. Jan. 3, 1863]. [1]p. plus integral blank. Folio, on a folded sheet. Light toning, some minor soiling and wear at the edges. Very good. In a custom blue morocco case.

The first obtainable printing of the final emancipation proclamation, issued immediately after the proclamation became law on Jan. 1, 1863, and preceded only by a newspaper “extra” printing and a small-format broadside, both of which survive in only a single copy. The present broadside is preceded by seven printings of the preliminary or draft proclamation of the text as announced by Lincoln on Sept. 22, 1862 (the very existence of one of which, Eberstadt 2, is conjectural). The text of the final, official proclamation was the result of Lincoln’s consultation with his cabinet on the morning of Dec. 31, 1862, in which many changes were suggested. Lincoln then retired to consider all the cabinet members’ recommendations and compose the final proclamation, which he completed late in the day. The text was quickly furnished to the government printer.

The printed forms in which the Emancipation Proclamation appeared are legion, and include many broadside and ephem- eral items issued in widely separated locales over a long period. Charles Eberstadt’s pioneering study on the proclamation remains the best guide through this tangle. He describes and locates copies of most of the notable and early printings of the preliminary proclamation (his nos. 1-7) and the final, official proclamation (nos. 8-52). While Eberstadt does not adduce specific reasons for assigning the date “circa 3 January 1863” to the present broadside, he notes that “neither of the Library of Congress copies has an accession date,” and that one of the three copies at the Huntington Library bears an attached State Department authentication signed by Secretary of State William H. Seward. The present official State Department printing of the final proclamation, then, is preceded only by the following:

EBERSTADT 8. A small format (7¼ x 4¾ inch) two-page broadside, “printed in haste to serve the urgent need for a few copies until the resplendant, official folio edition (EBERSTADT 10) could be prepared” – EBERSTADT, p.17. This version is known in only a single copy. It was owned by Eberstadt in 1950, and its current location is unknown.

EBERSTADT 9. A broadside “extra” issued by the ILLINOIS STATE JOURNAL of Springfield on Jan. 2, 1863. This issue is apparently unique, and Eberstadt locates only one copy, at the Illinois State Historical Library in Springfield.

Offered here is the third edition, Eberstadt 10,which he described as “The resplendent, official folio edition.” It is the earliest obtainable printing, official or otherwise, of the Final Emancipation Proclamation. Eberstadt located copies at the Huntington Library, the Library of Congress, Brown and the Rosenbach Library. The only copy recorded by OCLC not located by Eberstadt is at the American Antiquarian Society. Not recorded in Monaghan.

“From the first days of the Civil War, slaves had acted to secure their own liberty. The Emancipation Proclamation con- firmed their insistence that the war for the Union must become a war for freedom. It added moral force to the Union cause and strengthened the Union both militarily and politically. As a milestone along the road to slavery’s final destruction, the Emancipation Proclamation has assumed a place among the great documents of human freedom” – National Archives. “The proclamation has been called by responsible persons one of the three great documents of world history, ranking with Magna Carta and the Declaration of Independence” – Eberstadt.

An exceptionally rare and important document, marking a major step toward the complete abolishment of slavery in the United States and resonating throughout all history as a victory for the cause of human freedom. EBERSTADT, LINCOLN’S EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION 10. $75,000.

A Landmark Depiction of the West, with Superb Plates

49. Linforth, James, editor: ROUTE FROM LIVERPOOL TO GREAT SALT LAKE VALLEY...TOGETHER WITH A GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL DESCRIPTION OF UTAH...ALSO, AN AUTHENTIC HISTORY OF THE LATTER-DAY SAINTS’ EMIGRATION FROM EUROPE.... Liverpool. 1855. viii,120pp. plus folding map, thirty plates, and woodcuts in text after Frederick H. Piercy. Quarto. Contemporary three-quarter red calf and cloth, gilt. Minor edge wear and light soiling to boards, spine expertly repaired. Bookplates of Jay Snider and Michael Sharpe on front pastedown. Light foxing, folding map discreetly reinforced with tissue along gutter, small stain on a few plates, one plate with imprint shaved. A very good, handsome copy of a book often found with stained plates.

One of the most important publications devoted to the Mormon emigration, and a landmark in the artistic depiction of western scenes. The plates are after illustrations by Frederick Piercy. “This elaborately prepared and illustrated book was published as a monument to the Mormon emigration to Utah, and as a means of attracting further emigrants. Piercy made a special trip to America [in 1853] to make sketches for the plates, which are some of the best western views of the period” – Streeter. The outstanding views show New Orleans, Natchez, Vicksburg, Nauvoo, Council Bluffs, Laramie, Fort Bridger, and Scott’s Bluff. “...One of the most elaborately and beautifully illustrated of western books” – Howes. “...One of the basic sources of illustrated Western Americana of the period” – Taft. “One of the most illuminating maps of the West to appear during 1855...it shows Utah in all its glory. This is not only an important map in the history of Mormons, but is in every sense an important map in the history of the West, giving as it does a carefully drawn picture of that entire area” – Wheat. HOWES L359, “b.” WAGNER-CAMP 259. GRAFF 2501. FLAKE 6381. SABIN 41325. STREETER SALE 2296. Taft, ARTISTS & ILLUSTRATORS OF THE OLD WEST, p.285. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI IV, pp.40-41. CRAWLEY & FLAKE, A MORMON FIFTY 46. $30,000. Presentation Copy in a Special Morocco Binding

50. Mangles, James: PAPERS AND DESPATCHES RELATING TO THE ARCTIC SEARCHING EXPEDITIONS OF 1850-51-52. TOGETHER WITH A FEW BRIEF REMARKS AS TO THE PROBABLE COURSE PURSUED BY SIR JOHN FRANKLIN. London: Francis & John Rivington, 1852. [2],46,[51]-94pp. plus three partially colored maps. Original presentation binding of full calf, gilt. Light sunning to spine. Lacking the two leaves of the Appendix (pp.47-50), never present in this copy. A fine copy.

A specially bound presentation copy of the much-preferred second edition of Mangles’ excellent work on the Arctic searching parties for the lost Franklin expedition. Mangles has written “From the Author June 23, 1852” on the titlepage and has affixed a presentation bookplate to the front pastedown, designating this copy for the Countess of Carnarvon. The first edition contained only seventeen brief articles on the Franklin search expeditions. This second edition was greatly expanded and includes forty-six articles and excerpts from newspapers, letters, official reports and despatches, and narratives of expeditions, with discussion of the Northwest Passage, the north polar sea, flora, fauna, and more. The maps include a general map of the polar regions, a chart of the field of search, and a special map of Beechey Island, all engraved on stone by Augustus Petermann. TPL 3282. SABIN 44251. $12,500.

An Important Collection of Massachusetts Laws

51. [Massachusetts Laws]: THE CHARTER GRANTED BY THEIR MAJESTIES KING WILLIAM AND QUEEN MARY, TO THE INHABITANTS OF THE PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS-BAY IN NEW-ENG- LAND. [bound with:] ACTS AND LAWS, OF HIS MAJESTY’S PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS-BAY IN NEW ENGLAND. [with:] TEMPORARY ACTS AND LAWS OF HIS MAJESTY’S PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS-BAY IN NEW-ENGLAND. [with:] 47 SEPARATE SESSION LAWS. Boston: Samuel Kneeland and Timothy Green, 1742-1743; 1742-1755. Two volumes. [2],14,28,[2],337,[1],339-340; [2],4,403,415-424,435-455pp. Folio. Contemporary calf, worn. Library stamps, ink ownership signatures, and slight chipping to titlepages, a few short repaired tears, scattered ink marginalia and notations in the text, some foxing, moderate overall toning. A good set. In matching cloth clamshell cases.

A vast collection of mid-18th-century laws of Massachusetts. This first work includes, as is often the case with this and earlier collected editions, the separately issued CHARTER (here bound first) and the full compilation of ACTS AND LAWS printed in 1742. Such compilations often are found with subsequent Massachusetts laws. Present here is one additional act from 1743, entitled, “An Act in Addition to and in Explanation of sundry Clauses of an Act intitled An Act to ascertain the Value of Money and of the Bills of publick Credit of this Province....”

The copy of TEMPORARY ACTS AND LAWS here gathers together over 400 pages of a continuous run of Massachusetts session laws printed between 1742 and 1753, plus a few acts printed 1754-55 (almost continuously paginated, but lacking a few acts to make the run entirely complete). Together, this single volume of laws represents forty-seven separate entries in Evans, and constitutes a remarkable assemblage of early Massachusetts law. A rare source for colonial legal, political, and social history in Massachusetts. EVANS 5002, 5003, 5236; 5004, 5240, 5241, 5242, 5244, 5430, 5431, 5432, 5433, 5628, 5629, 5630, 5631, 5799, 5800, 5801, 5802, 5803, 5804, 5996, 5997, 5998, 5999, 6181, 6182, 6183, 6184, 6355, 6356, 6357, 6537, 6538, 6539, 6540, 6709, 6710, 6711, 6878, 6879, 6880, 7051, 7052, 7053, 7246, 7249, 7250, 7466. SABIN 46159. $5500.

With a Long Run of Significant Laws

52. [Massachusetts Laws]: TEMPORARY ACTS AND LAWS OF HIS MAJESTY’S PROVINCE OF THE MAS- SACHUSETTS-BAY IN NEW-ENGLAND. [with]:[A CONSECUTIVE RUN OF PRE-REVOLUTIONARY MASSACHUSETTS ASSEMBLY LAWS, 1763 – 1774]. Boston. 1763-1774. Paginations included in the individual listings below. Early 20th-century three-quarter morocco and cloth, spine gilt. Partial contemporary ownership signature on titlepage, some leaves trimmed close, occasionally touching the last line of text, minor toning and foxing. Very good.

An important consecutive run of Massachusetts colonial laws printed just before the outbreak of the American Revolution- ary War. The laws here are largely concerned with local issues in New England, including fishing, town meetings, courts, improvements for Faneuil Hall, building another hall at Harvard College, and the like. The great majority of the laws, however, involve raising local funds by taxation and import duties to pay for treasury notes, the public debt, the colonial governor, and more. A 1769 act appoints Robert Pierpont as tax collector for Boston, replacing unsuccessful businessman and tax collector, Samuel Adams, who surrendered the post for “diverse Reasons.” Two lengthy acts (1765 & 1766) detail punishments for mutiny and desertion within the Army, but also provide for better payment of the soldiers. Also includes acts relating to Native Americans, namely the 1765 act for “allowing necessary supplies to the Eastern Indians, and for Regulating Trade with them, and preventing Abuses therein.” A complete list of the imprints is available on request. $5000.

Scarce Mather Title

53. [Mather, Cotton]: A GOOD OLD AGE. A BRIEF ESSAY ON THE GLORY OF AGED PIETY. Boston: Printed by S. Kneeland and T. Green, for S. Gerrish, 1726. [4],42pp. Half title. Contemporary marbled wrappers, sewn. Moderate edge wear, soiling, and rubbing to wrappers, corners worn. Near-contemporary ink ownership signature on front pastedown, titlepage, and last text page, slightly later gift inscription on verso of half title, minor foxing and toning. Half title present but partly utilized as front pastedown, torn and still partially adhered to the front wrapper. Very good.

A rare later work from the pen of eminent American minister Cotton Mather as attributed by Holmes. A contemplation of aging, especially as it relates to the afterlife. The subtitle reads “Humbly Commended and Presented unto Them, whose Arrival to, or near, SIXTY, ranks them among, the AGED.” Mather was sixty-three years old at the time. One of the more difficult to find of Mather titles, with only seven copies reported in OCLC. Holmes locates eight copies, but two of them are imperfect. EVANS 2768. HOLMES 155. SABIN 27834, 46346. BRIN- LEY 1130. GOODSPEED 488:343 (“Rare”). $6000.

One of the Great Color Plate Books of 19th-Century America

54. McKenney, Thomas L., and James Hall: HISTORY OF THE INDIAN TRIBES OF NORTH AMERICA, WITH BIOGRAPHI- CAL SKETCHES AND ANECDOTES OF THE PRINCIPAL CHIEFS.... Philadelphia: Frederick W. Greenough (vol. I) and Daniel Rice & James G. Clark (vols. II and III), 1838-1842-1844. Three volumes. 120 handcolored lithographic plates after Karl Bodmer, Charles Bird King, James Otto Lewis, P. Rindisbacher and R.M. Sully, drawn on stone by A. Newsam, A. Hoffy, Ralph Trembley, Henry Dacre, and others; printed and colored by J.T. Bowen and others, vol. III with two lithographed maps and one table (printed recto of one leaf, here trimmed and mounted at a contemporary date on two leaves), 17pp. of lithographic facsimile signatures of the original subscribers. Large folio. Expertly bound to style in black half-morocco over original cloth- covered boards, spines gilt with raised bands. Very good.

First edition of “One of the most costly and important [works] ever published on the American Indians” (Field), “a landmark in American culture” (Horan) and an invaluable contemporary record of a vanished way of life, including some of the greatest American handcolored lithographs of the 19th century.

After six years as superintendent of Indian Trade, Thomas McKenney had become concerned for the survival of the Western tribes. He had observed unscrupulous individuals taking advantage of the Na- tive Americans for profit, and his vocal warnings about their future prompted his appointment by President Monroe to the Office of Indian Affairs. As first director, McKenney was to improve the administration of Indian programs in various government offices. His first trip was during the summer of 1826 to the Lake Superior area for a treaty with the Chippewa, opening mineral rights on their land. In 1827 he journeyed west again for a treaty with the Chippewa, Menominee, and Winebago in the present state of Michigan. His journeys provided an unparalleled opportunity to become acquainted with Native American tribes.

When President Jackson dismissed him from his government post in 1839, McKenney was able to turn more of his attention to his publishing project. Within a few years, he was joined by James Hall, the Illinois journalist, lawyer, state treasurer and, from 1833, Cincinnati banker who had written extensively about the west. Both authors, not unlike George Catlin whom they tried to enlist in their publishing enterprise, saw their book as a way of preserving an accurate visual record of a rapidly disappearing culture. The text, which was written by Hall based on information supplied by McKen- ney, takes the form of a series of biographies of leading figures amongst the Indian nations, followed by a general history of the North American Indians. The work is now famous for its color plate portraits of the chiefs, warriors and squaws of the various tribes, faithful copies of original oils by Charles Bird King painted from life in his studio in Washington (McKenney commissioned him to record the visiting Indian delegates) or worked up by King from the watercolors of the young frontier artist, James Otto Lewis. All but four of the original paintings were destroyed in the disastrous Smith- sonian fire of 1865, so their appearance in this work preserves what is probably the best likeness of many of the most prominent Indian leaders of the early 19th century. Numbered among King’s sitters were Sequoyah, Red Jacket, Major Ridge, Cornplanter, and Osceola.

This was the most elaborate plate book produced in the United States to date, and its publishing history is extremely complex. The title pages give an indication of issue and are relatively simple: volume I, first issue was by Edward C. Biddle and is dated 1836 or more usually 1837, the second issue Frederick W. Greenough with the date 1838, and the third issue is by Daniel Rice & James G. Clark dated 1842. Volume II, first issue is by Frederick W. Greenough and dated 1838 and the second issue by Rice & Clark and dated 1842. Volume III, first issue is by Daniel Rice & James G. Clark and dated 1844. HOWES M129, “d.” BAL 6934. BENNETT, p.79. SABIN 43410a. FIELD 992. SERVIES 2150. REESE, STAMPED WITH A NATIONAL CHARACTER 24. LIPPERHEIDE Mc4. $155,000.

First Edition of the Octavo McKenney and Hall

55. McKenney, Thomas L., and James Hall: HISTORY OF THE INDIAN TRIBES OF NORTH AMERICA, WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES AND ANECDOTES OF THE PRINCIPAL CHIEFS. EMBELLISHED WITH ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY PORTRAITS FROM THE INDIAN GALLERY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF WAR, AT WASHINGTON. Philadelphia: J.T. Bowen, 1848/1849/1850. Three volumes. 120 handcolored lithographed plates, many heightened with gum arabic, by J.T. Bowen chiefly after Charles Bird King, one handcolored lithographed dedication leaf “To the memory of Washington.” Contemporary red morocco, embossed panels, spines gilt, gilt inner dentelles, neatly rebacked with original spines laid down, a.e.g. Light scattered toning and foxing. Very good. In a cloth slipcase.

The first octavo edition of McKenney and Hall’s classic work, first published in large folio format in 1836-44, and first appearing in smaller format in the present edition. This octavo edition was reprinted many times, but this first is by far the best for quality of printing and coloring of the plates.

After six years as superintendent of Indian Trade, Thomas McKenney had become concerned for the survival of the western tribes. He had observed unscrupulous individuals taking advantage of the American In- dians for profit, and his vocal warnings about their future prompted his appointment by President Monroe to the Office of Indian Affairs. As first director, McKenney was to improve the administration of Indian programs in various government offices. His first trip was during the summer of 1826 to the Lake Superior area for a treaty with the Chippewa, opening mineral rights on their land. In 1827 he journeyed west again for a treaty with the Chippewa, Menominee, and Winnebago in the present state of Michigan. His journeys provided an unparalleled opportunity to become acquainted with American Indian tribes.

When President Jackson dismissed him from his government post in 1839, McKenney was able to turn more of his attention to his publishing project. Within a few years he was joined by James Hall, the Illinois journalist, lawyer, state treasurer, and from 1833 Cincinnati banker, who had written extensively about the West. Both authors, not unlike George Catlin, whom they tried to enlist in their publishing enterprise, saw their book as a way of preserving an accurate visual record of a rapidly disappearing culture. The text, which was written by Hall based on information supplied by McKenney, takes the form of a series of biographies of leading figures amongst the Indian nations, followed by a general history of the North American Indians. The work is now famous for its color plate portraits of the chiefs, warriors, and squaws of the various tribes, faithful copies of original oils by Charles Bird King painted from life in his studio in Washington (McKen- ney commissioned him to record the visiting Indian delegates) or worked up by King from the watercolors of the young frontier artist, James Otto Lewis. All but four of the original paintings were destroyed in the disastrous Smithsonian fire of 1865, so their appearance in this work preserves what is probably the best likeness of many of the most prominent Indian leaders of the early 19th century. Numbered among King’s sitters were Sequoyah, Red Jacket, Major Ridge, Cornplanter, and Osceola. HOWES M129. BENNETT, p.79. SABIN 43411. $24,000.

An Extraordinary Work of American Folk Art

56. [Miller, Lewis]: FIRST VOLUME, II. LUDWIG MILLER’S REISE JOURNAL IN DEUTSCHLAND...VON DEM JAHRE 1840-41...[manuscript title]. [Various places in Europe, mostly in Germany, as denoted below. 1840-1841]. Illustrated manuscript travel diary, with text in ink, and illustrations in ink, watercolor, and wash on each page. Three leaves of illustrations bound in at front (two of them large and folding), followed by 114pp. (numbered in manuscript), with an additional [29]pp. inserted throughout the text. Plus manuscript table of contents on front pastedown. Small quarto notebook, the pages generally 7½ x 6½ inches. Original three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Boards worn and rubbed. A few leaves loosened, a large grouping of leaves detached but still bound together and intact. The illustrations are clean, neat, and bright. Overall, near fine. In a cloth chemise and half morocco box, spine gilt.

A remarkable and beautiful sketchbook illustrating the travels of the major Pennsylvania-German folk artist, Lewis Miller, through Europe in 1840-41. Miller visited several countries on his tour, but the great majority of views in this sketchbook are of towns and villages in Germany, with especially magnificent double-page views of Stuttgart and Frankfurt. Miller also includes sketches of dozens of smaller town and hamlets he visited all over Germany, as well as other large towns, such as Munich and Darmstadt. The illustrations and accompanying descriptive text provide a crucially important record of urban and rural Germany in the Industrial Age. They also provide an invaluable view into everyday German life, society, architecture, manufacturing, farming, and modes of transportation. Miller’s sketchbook is an astonishing visual memoir of a first generation German-American returning to the land of his ancestors, and an important work by an immensely talented folk artist.

Art historian Donald Shelley has called Miller “one of America’s greatest folk artists,” and the authors of YOUNG AMERICA, a survey of American folk art, assert that Miller “epitomizes the role of the folk artist as chronicler of daily life.” His art is best known through his illustrated diaries and sketchbooks, which together chronicle most of the 19th- century life of York, Pennsylvania. He also produced sketchbooks of sights and scenes in New York, Virginia, and Europe. Miller has been described as a “pictorial raconteur” (Shelley) and as a travelling visual reporter. Virtually everything he portrayed was drawn from firsthand experience, and he often included himself in his scenes. He worked in watercolor, wash, and ink, and his text captions are in ink. He not only presents the sights he observed in his fascinating illustrations, but interprets them in the accompanying text. In his sketchbooks he presents events both trivial and historic, from classrooms, churches, and circuses to the funeral processions of eminent Americans, the celebrations of freed slaves, and the wonders and everyday life in Europe.

In this way Miller is both squarely in the Pennsylvania-German folk art tradition – capturing the ordinary and everyday – and in that of the urbane, observant travelling artist who explains the foreign and exotic through his own experiences. His sketchbooks are immensely valuable for their pictorial realism, their vitality, and their accuracy of detail, as well as for their accompanying descriptive text, filled as it is with historical context, sociological observations, and personal reac- tions. His work is suffused with important information about the way the people of his era – from all classes and walks of life – looked and behaved, what they wore and how they worked, what they ate, how they travelled, and how they lived. Trained as a carpenter, his sketchbooks also give excellent renderings of exterior and interior designs of buildings, from simple Pennsylvania churches to elaborate European palaces.

Lewis Miller (1796-1885) was born of German emigrant parents in York, Pennsylvania. His father, Ludwig Miller, was a teacher originally from Schwabish Hall in Wurtemberg. His parents came to Pennsylvania during a period of great German migration to the mid-Atlantic colonies, and young Lewis was raised in a German-American environment. A fair part of the text in his journals and sketchbooks is written in German, often in Fraktur style, and the artist occasionally identifies himself as “Ludwig” Miller. Miller was trained as a carpenter by an older brother and practiced that profession for some thirty-five years. He apparently never received formal artistic training, but his earliest drawings date from circa 1815. Miller composed several sketchbooks of his native York, chronicling the people of the community and their everyday life in their professions, at church, in school, and in social settings, as well as depicting important historic events that touched on his town. He travelled widely, first in his native York County, then throughout the mid-Atlantic, seeing much of New Jersey, New York City, Maryland, and Virginia, and he produced several sketchbooks during these journeys. Miller lived the last years of his life in rural Virginia, producing several portraits of local Virginians. Several of his sketchbooks are in the Historical Society of York County, while others are in the New-York Historical Society, the Virginia Historical Soci- ety, and the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan. Another six are located as in a private collection (as of 1966).

In 1840-41, Ludwig Miller, along with his friends, Dr. Alexander Small and Henry Hertzog, took an extended tour of Europe. Miller visited Great Britain, France, Holland, Switzerland, Italy, Poland, and Bohemia, but he spent most of his time visiting his ancestral homeland in the German states, as well as going to Prussia and Austria. He produced at least six sketchbooks of this European tour: the present volume, another at the Historical Society of York County, and four others in a private collection. It is probable that Miller produced this and most of those other sketchbooks either on his European tour or shortly thereafter.

Each page in the volume is taken up by one or more illustrations with accompanying text, and virtually all the pages have been numbered in manuscript by Miller. The numbers for the illustrations given below conform to his pagination. The first eight illustrations described below have been bound in before the titlepage and are unnumbered, and are therefore designated by Roman numerals, with subsequent illustrations inserted later in the book (and unnumbered) also designated by Roman numerals. English language captions are quoted where available, though almost all of the illustrations have German language captions as well. A detailed list of the illustrations is available on request. LEWIS MILLER, SKETCHES AND CHRONICLES: THE REFLECTIONS OF A NINETEENTH CENTURY PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN FOLK ARTIST, introduction by Donald A. Shelley (York, Pa.: Historical Society of York County, 1966). Jean Lipman, Elizabeth V. Warren, and Robert Bishop, YOUNG AMERICA: A FOLK-ART HISTORY (New York: American Museum of Folk Art, 1986). Lori Myers, “Lewis Miller: Through the Looking Glass” in CENTRAL PA MAGAZINE, December 2002. $65,000.

First English Edition of the Author’s Most Important Work

57. Möllhausen, Heinrich Baldwin: DIARY OF A JOURNEY FROM THE MISSISSIPPI TO THE COASTS OF THE PACIFIC WITH A UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT EXPEDITION. London. 1858. Two volumes. xxx,[2],352; x,[2],397,[1]pp., plus seventeen plates (six chromolithographs), frontispieces (one of which is a chromolithograph), and a folding map. Half titles. Contemporary polished calf, spines elaborately gilt, gilt leather labels. Minor edge wear, slight chipping to one label. Bookplates. Mild offsetting from some of the pages facing chromolithographs, but an overall very clean text. Very good.

The first English edition, translated by Mrs. Percy Sinnet, with an introduction by Alexander von Humboldt, of one of the most important accounts of the American West. “...One of the best travel books of [the] age” – Goetzmann. Möllhausen accompanied Whipple’s expedition to survey a route to the Pacific, serving as the party’s naturalist and artist. The text is devoted largely to excellent descriptions of Indian life and aboriginal antiquities, with additional material on the expeditions of Col. Fremont. The handsome chromolithographed plates depict the landscape and natives of the areas traversed. The map illustrates the route of the party from Fort Smith up the Canadian River, across northern Arizona and New Mexico to Los Angeles. “The map is beautifully drawn and engraved....It is a highly important and decorative map” – Wheat. Goetzmann, ARMY EXPLORATION, p.310. GRAFF 2849. FIELD 1080 MINTZ 582. SABIN 49915. WHEAT GOLD REGIONS 268. HOWES M713. ABBEY 661. WAGNER-CAMP 305:2. STREETER SALE 3134. WHEAT TRANSMIS- SISSIPPI 956. $3000. Robert Morris Tries to Sell Off Land

58. [Morris, Robert]: [MANUSCRIPT DETAILING THE SALE OF LAND FROM ROBERT MORRIS TO THE BANK OF NORTH AMERICA]. [Philadelphia]. March 18, 1797. [12]pp. Folio, stitched as issued. Toned, minor wear to extremities. Very good.

Manuscript outlining Robert Morris’ contract with the Bank of North America regarding 58 large parcels of land in central and western Pennsylvania. In an act of desperation Morris signed over his investment, attempting to appease his growing legion of creditors.

Morris, with his two partners, James Greenleaf and John Nicholson, formed the North American Land Company in 1795. The company acquired nearly six million acres of land which was put into a trust, with stock being issued at $100 per share, and each share representing two hundred acres of real estate. When the market for real estate investment collapsed due to the Napoleonic Wars and the Panic of 1797, Morris was besieged with creditors. Though Morris made several attempts, such as this sale, to raise funds he was eventually sent to debtor’s prison where he remained for three and a half years. The official document bears the original wax and seals of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia. $6500.

The Most Entertaining Contemporary Book on Early New England

59. Morton, Thomas: NEW ENGLISH CANAAN OR NEW CANAAN. Amsterdam: Jacob Frederick Stam, 1637. 188,[3]pp. Small quarto. 20th-century brown morocco, gilt, a.e.g., gilt innder dentelles, by Riviere & Son. Minor toning and soiling to text. Near fine. In a brown half morocco and cloth slipcase, spine gilt, leather labels.

One of the classic accounts of the early settlement of New England, looked to increasingly by modern historians and anthropologists for its unbiased and detailed accounts of Indian life in early New England, descriptions of flora and fauna, and internecine struggles among the colonists. Morton first came to New England in 1622 and lived there until his expulsion by the Plymouth colonists a decade later. He was particularly sympathetic to the way of life of the Indians and provides extensive descriptions of customs, hunting, planting, artifacts, and lifestyles in the first section of the work. The second part provides a remarkable account of the landscape and ecology of New England (William Cronon draws heavily on Morton in his pioneering CHANGES IN THE LAND). The final section of Morton’s account is the most famous historically, since it gives an account of his long and often amusing feud with the Plymouth Colony and a description of his separate settlement at Merry-Mount, where his close association with the Indians of the area and open defiance of the laws of the Plymouth settlers provided one of the more colorful episodes in early colonial New England.

Morton’s work is very scarce on the market, only three copies having appeared at auction in the last thirty years. A book of the greatest importance, perhaps the best single account of early New England. CHURCH 437. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 637/69. JCB (3)II:265. STREETER SALE 616. SABIN 51028. STC 18202. VAIL 90. WINSOR III:348. DAB XIII, p.267. DNB XIII, pp.1055-57. $90,000. Very Early Album of New Zealand Views

60. [New Zealand Photographica]: DUNEDIN 1860 [cover title]. [Dunedin, New Zealand: Frank Coxhead, ca. 1890]. Ten album cards, each with a vintage albumen photograph mounted on recto and verso, for a total of twenty photographs. Each image measuring 8¾ x 6¾ inches. Oblong quarto. Contemporary green cloth, rebacked with original backstrip laid down, gilt-stamped title on cover. Moderate spotting on cards, affecting a few images. Photographs captioned on images. Very good, with small promotional bookplate of Frank Coxhead on front pastedown reading: “We invite inspection of our superior collection of Photo Views of the West Coast Sounds, and other Views, before purchasing elsewhere.”

A wonderful assemblage of New Zealand views. Despite the assertion made on the cover, the present images were taken over a three-year period, from 1860 to 1863. Coxhead was one of Dunedin’s best early photographers, active in Dunedin circa 1870 through circa 1893, operating his business on Princes Street from 1885 through 1893. Most likely the present images were reprinted circa 1890 from the original negative plates. The images, which depict the port, mercantile areas, and certain residential districts, are listed below:

1) Bell Hill (1860). 2) Maitland Street. 3) Princes Street (1860). 4) N.E. Valley. 5) Dunedin (1861). 6) Maclaggan Street. 7) Dunedin from Bowling Street. 8) High Street. 9) Bell Hill (1861). 10) Rattray Street. 11) Dunedin from Canongate. 12) Dunedin from Bell Hill. 13) The Octagon. 14-17) Princes Street (1861-63). 18) Dunedin (1863). 19) Empire Hotel. 20) Gabrial’s Gully.

In 1861, gold was discovered in New Zealand, and the rush that followed prompted a rapid change in the physical environment. These images provide an excellent record of this early boom phase that vaulted Dunedin to the status of New Zealand’s leading economic center by the end of the 19th century.

Among the earliest attainable New Zealand photographic albums, and exceedingly scarce. There is no reference work devoted to New Zealand photography, but by comparison, the standard bibliography for Australian photographic books lists its first entry as 1864. $9500.

With the Rare Boundary Maps and the Final Boundary Treaty

61. [Northeastern Boundary Dispute]: NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. A. CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN NORTH AMERICA AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, UNDER THE TREATY OF 1783... [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. B... [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. PART I... [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUND- ARY. PART II... [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN NORTH AMERICA... [bound with:] TREATY BETWEEN HER MAJESTY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.... [with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. SUPPLEMENTARY REPORTS... London. 1838-1843. [2],ii,100,15pp. plus folding color map; [2],192pp.; 6,168pp.; [2],2,57,37pp.; iv,167pp. plus two folding maps (these maps belong to the previous item); 8pp.; [2],120pp. plus folding chart and color folding map. Folio. 20th-century brown cloth boards, gilt leather label. Mild fading and wear. Later bookplate on front pastedown. Mild scattered foxing. Very good. Supplement: Original blue printed wrappers. Light soiling and wear. Minor foxing to chart. Very good.

Six publications regarding the Northeast Boundary dispute between the United States and Great Britain, concerning the Maine-New Brunswick border. It’s resolution, in 1843, defined part of the final boundary of the United States.

The Treaty of 1783, at the close of the Revolutionary War, created issues on both sides and was addressed anew in the Jay Treaty of 1794 and again in the 1814 Treaty of Ghent. Poor cartography and ambiguous wording in those documents made an easy settlement difficult. The controversial border was a major point of contention between the U.S. and Great Britain, leading to the “Aroostook War” in 1839. The issue was eventually resolved in 1843 with the ratification of the Webster- Ashburton Treaty.

Contains official correspondence, proceedings, and recording of border instances, from 1831-43. William Featherstonhaugh was appointed commissioner of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty and his maps illustrate the history of the border lines and geography of the region. These maps, the first detailed and accurate mapping of northern Maine and this section of the border, are extremely rare.

The official printing of the final treaty concludes the volume. An important collection of the key documents and maps in the resolution of ths part of the boundary of the United States. TPL 2154, 2155, 2367, 2587. SABIN 55538. $9500.

The First Boston Printing

62. [Paine, Thomas]: COMMON SENSE: ADDRESSED TO THE INHABIT- ANTS OF AMERICA, ON THE FOLLOWING INTERESTING SUBJECTS... Written by an Englishman. Philadelphia, Printed. Boston, Re-Printed, and Sold by Edes & Gill and T. & J. Fleet, 1776. [4],44pp. Dbd. Two early signatures on titlepage, which is stained and chipped at edges. Some light foxing and tanning. Good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

The first Boston printing, arguably the most significant non-Philadelphia Ameri- can printing, of this most important political text of the American Revolution. COMMON SENSE first appeared in Philadelphia on January 9, 1776, printed by Robert Bell, and enjoyed immediate and immense popularity, being reprinted several times in the colonies and in London. This Boston edition is taken directly from Bell’s first printing. It is almost unnecessary to comment on the importance of COMMON SENSE. The political rhetoric of Paine inflamed the desire for independence, calling for it in clear language which swept the country like wild- fire. The editors of the GROLIER AMERICAN HUNDRED remark: “It is not too much to say that the Declaration of Independence...was due more to Paine’s COMMON SENSE than to any other single piece of writing.”

On March 4, 1776, the BOSTON GAZETTE, which was being printed in Wa- tertown, advertised copies “to be sold (if applied for soon) at Mr. Samuel Watts’ next to the Masons Arms in Cambridge, and at the Print Office in Watertown.” This was an exciting moment; the American bombardment of Boston began on March 2, Dorchester was seized on the 5th, and the British evacuated Boston of the 17th. This place the date of the Boston edition quite early in the chronology of editions. An important and scarce printing of Paine’s famous work, in the city whose defiant actions partially inspired Paine to his writing. GIMBEL CS-18. SABIN 58214. EVANS 14955. NAIP w032275. AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE 222i. GROLIER AMERICAN 100, 14. HOWES P17. $35,000.

Fine Set of Parry’s Voyages

63. Parry, William E.: JOURNAL OF A VOYAGE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC; PERFORMED IN THE YEARS 1819-20 IN HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS HECLA AND GRIPER.... London: John Murray, 1821. [8],xxix,[3],310,[2],clxxix,[1],[1, Errata]pp. plus six maps and fourteen plates. [with:] JOURNAL OF A SECOND VOYAGE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC; PERFORMED IN THE YEARS 1821-22-23, IN HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS FURY AND HECLA.... London. 1824. [8],xxx,[2],571,[1]pp. plus twenty-nine plates (four folding) and nine maps (four folding). Folding plates bound after the following Appendix. [bound with:] APPENDIX TO CAPTAIN PARRY’S JOURNAL OF A SECOND VOYAGE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC, PERFORMED IN HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS FURY AND HECLA, IN THE YEARS 1821-22-23. London. 1825. [4],432pp. plus two plates. [with:] A SUPPLEMENT TO THE APPENDIX OF CAPTAIN PARRY’S VOYAGE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE...CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY. London. 1824. [10],[clxxiii]-cccx pp. plus six engraved plates. [bound with:] APPENDIX TO CAPTAIN PARRY’S JOURNAL OF A SECOND VOYAGE FOR THE DIS- COVERY OF A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC, PERFORMED IN HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS FURY AND HECLA, IN THE YEARS 1821-22-23. London. 1825. [4],432pp. plus two plates. [bound with:] Edward Sabine: THE NORTH GEORGIA GAZETTE, AND WINTER CHRONICLE. London. 1822. xii,132pp. [with:] JOURNAL OF A THIRD VOYAGE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF NORTH-WEST PASSAGE FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC; PERFORMED IN THE YEARS 1824-25 IN HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS HECLA AND FURY.... London. 1826. viii,[2, Directions to Binder],[ix]-xxvii,[1],186,[2],151,[1]pp. plus seven plates (one folding) and four maps (one folding). [with:] NARRATIVE OF AN ATTEMPT TO REACH THE NORTH POLE, IN BOATS FITTED FOR THE PURPOSE, AND ATTACHED TO HIS MAJESTY’S SHIP HECLA, IN THE YEAR MDCCCXXVII.... London. 1828. xxii,[2],229,[1]pp. plus four plates and three maps (one folding). Eight volumes bound in five large quarto volumes. Uniformly bound in contemporary calf, rebacked, preserving original leather labels, spines gilt. Minor edge wear. Light foxing to most volumes, a bit more pronounced scattered foxing in the NARRATIVE. Overall, a very good, handsome set.

A complete collection of Parry’s four voyages in search of the North- west Passage, each a hallmark of Arctic literature. After standing by while his predecessor and former commander, the irascible John Ross, was lambasted by the Admiralty for turning back too soon during his first voyage to the Arctic, Parry was grateful to inherit command of the next major expedition. Dedicated to both the physical and mental health of his men, Parry succeeded in reaching Melville Island, being the first to penetrate so far into the hypothetical passage. The voyage made Parry a hero in England, where he was promoted to commander, elected to the Royal Society, and presented with numerous awards, all before his thirtieth birthday. This expedition also made some of the first significant botanical collections in the high Arctic. The maps included with the volume illustrate the eastern Canadian Arctic.

No sooner had Parry written the account of his first voyage than he departed on a second, in the spring of 1821. During this voyage he surveyed Repulse Bay, Fury and Hecla Strait, and spent two winters in the Arctic gathering a great mass of scientific information on the region. Upon his return in 1823 more honors awaited him, and he was promoted to captain. The second voyage yielded the most data from an ethnographic standpoint, and the present account includes numerous plates of Eskimos after original artwork by George F. Lyon, while the text includes an Eskimo vocabulary.

Again the Arctic beckoned Parry, and he departed for his third and final attempt at discovering a northwest passage in May of 1824. Adamant about exploring Prince Regent Inlet beyond the previous record established during his first voyage, Parry worked the Fury and Hecla through extreme ice conditions which, ultimately, forced the abandonment of the former. The frontispiece illustration of that calamity is one of the most striking Arctic images. As with the previous two voyages, Parry’s third narrative is replete with extensive natural and ethnographic data.

Parry’s fourth voyage took place in 1827, following three attempts to discover a northwest passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific made between 1818 and 1825. During the North Pole expedition he established a new northern record which remained unsurpassed until 1876. Includes descriptions of specimens of natural historical interest, as well as meteorologi- cal and magnetic observations. The attractive engraved plates show the party in Arctic and seagoing settings. The large map is “A Survey of the Principal Points on the Northern Coast of Spitzbergen,” which indicates the route of the Hecla and accompanying boats, as well as the location of icebergs.

Included here are the Supplement to the first voyage and the Appendix to the second voyage (in fact, two copies of the Appendix to the second voyage are present here). When Parry returned from his second voyage, he learned to his distress that important natural history material failed to appear in the published narrative of his first voyage, hence the production of the supplement to the first voyage. The Appendix to the second voyage includes chronometer charts, readings on atmospheric refraction, sound, atmospheric air, effects of the cold on gases and different substances, and accounts of quadrupeds, birds, plants, and zoophytes.

Also includes Edward Sabine’s THE NORTH GEORGIA GAZETTE, a weekly newspaper established by Parry’s crew in 1819-20 and published onboard ship while on the way to discover the Northwest Passage in order “to enliven the tedious and inactive months of winter” in the Arctic region, according to Sabin. “Each issue contains verses, letters to the editor, reports on social activities in the camp, humorous articles, etc., usually signed with pseudonym and all ‘designed to promote good-humour and amusement’” – ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY. The GAZETTE is bound with the supplement to the first voyage and the second copy of the Appendix to the second voyage.

“William Edward Parry was the nineteenth century’s first hero-explorer. He stood at the head of a long line of celebrated Britons that would include Franklin and M’Clintock, Burton and Speke, Livingston and Stanley, Scott and Shackleton. There were folk figures, larger than life, their failings, flaws, and human frailties ignored by a public and a press that saw them in the personification of Imperial expansion” – Berton.

An excellent complete set of Parry, comprising seven works in five volumes (technically eight, counting both copies of the Appendix to the second voyage). Pierre Berton, ARCTIC GRAIL (New York: Viking, 1988), p.44. First voyage: ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 13145. TPL 1205. HILL 1311. TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 7409. SABIN 58860; 58861 (Supplement). Second voyage: ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 13142. TPL 1295. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 2914. HILL 1312. SABIN 58864; SABIN 58865 (Appendix). TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 832. Third voyage: ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 13144. TAXONOMIC LIT- ERATURE 7413. TPL 1362. HILL 1313. Fourth voyage: ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 13146. SABIN 58868. TPL 1452. North Georgia Gazette: ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 12547. SABIN 55714. $13,500.

With the Important Map

64. Perrin du Lac, François Marie: VOYAGE DANS LES DEUX LOUISIANES, ET CHEZ LES NATIONS SAU- VAGES DU MISSOURI, PAR LES ETATS-UNIS, L’OHIO ET LES PROVINCES QUI LE BORDENT, EN 1801, 1802, ET 1803.... Lyon. 1805. [6],x,479pp. plus folding map and folding plate, both on light blue paper. Half title. Con- temporary calf, spine gilt, leather label, neatly rebacked with original spine laid down. Lightly tanned. Closed tear in gutter of folding map, neatly repaired. Very good.

One of the few major narratives of the trans-Mississippi West prior to Lewis and Clark, here in the very rare first edition. The author arrived in New York in 1801 and travelled westward by way of the Ohio to St. Louis, ascending the Missouri Riv- er as far as central South Dakota with a fur trading expedition in the summer of 1802. The question has been raised as to whether Perrin du Lac himself made this trip or used without acknowledgement the journal of the St. Louis trader, Jean Baptiste Trudeau, but the veracity of the account is unquestioned. It is by far the most important published account of the Upper Missouri fur trade in its early days, including a great deal of information about tribes along the river. The large map of the Missouri River, beautifully engraved, is by far the most detailed map of its watershed up to that point. Wheat describes it as “the earliest published map of the Trans- Mississippi region which can be said to display even the faintest resemblance to accuracy.” It charts the river as far as the Arikara villages in central South Dakota. The folding plate illustrates “Mamoth tel qu’il existe au Musaeum a Philadelphie.”

There were two issues published the same year, the other in Paris, with the same collations, but Howes and Wagner-Camp consider the Lyon issue to be the first. The English edition of 1807 is an abridgement and contains an inferior, reduced version of the map. STREETER SALE 1773. WAGNER-CAMP 3:1. HOWES P244, “b.” WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI 256. CLARK II:52. SABIN 61012. MONAGHAN 1178. GRAFF 3254. $5000.

Trouble in the Ranks: The Commander of a Union Regiment Takes on His Own Officers

65. Pierson, John Frederick: [New York Volunteer Infantry, 1st Regiment]: [EXTENSIVE ARCHIVE OF LET- TERS AND PAPERS OF JOHN FREDERICK PIERSON, PRIMARILY RELATED TO THE MUTINY OF THE 1st NEW YORK VOLUNTEER INFANTRY DURING THE CIVIL WAR]. [Various places. 1862-1863, plus several later pieces]. Over 145 items, comprised of letters, documents, and later pamphlets. Primarily quarto sheets. Old fold lines, some light wear and soiling scattered throughout. Generally very good. Contained in two binders.

The extensive archive of Union colonel John Frederick Pierson, consisting of over 145 items, mostly relating to the argu- ments and disagreements among the officers of the 1st New York Volunteer Infantry. Pierson served as an officer from when the regiment was mustered in June 1861, serving as colonel until he was shot through the chest at the Battle of Chancellorsville on May 3, 1863. Before that, he quarreled with other regimental officers, which resulted in arrests and courts-martial. Many of these documents deal with the ongoing and disruptive fights between the officers.

John Frederick Pierson (1839-1932), the son of a New York steel merchant, was privately educated in New York City. He joined the New York National Guard in 1857 (7th New York Regiment, Co. “K”), but once the Civil War broke out he was attached to the 1st New York Infantry, Co. “H” as a lieutenant. He quickly climbed up the ranks, becoming a captain in May 1861, major in July 1861, lieutenant colonel in September 1861, colonel in October 1862, and breveted a brigadier general on March 13, 1865, as part of the general brevet promotion that occurred that day. He was wounded twice, once at the Battle of Glendale and once more seriously on May 3, 1863 at the Battle of Chancellorsville, where he was shot through the chest or shoulder. The 1st New York mustered out in June, and Pierson joined the New York 37th on his recovery. He was captured at Bristoe Station, Virginia on Oct. 14, 1863 and taken as a prisoner of war to Libby Prison in Richmond until exchanged. After the war he joined his family’s business, the Ramapo Iron Works.

The 1st New York mustered into the Army of the Potomac for two years in May 1861, the first U.S. regiment to enroll for that length of time. They were first assigned to Fort Monroe, Virginia, then ordered to Big Bethel. From there they went to Newport News. The regiment was active in several battles, including Big Bethel, Glendale, Second Bull Run, and Chancellorsville. Many of the earliest documents in this archive regard the New York National Guard (7th New York Regiment, Co. “K”), to which Pierson belonged. One such document is an 1861 roll of the members of the 7th New York, Co. “K,” which includes Pierson, and a list of Co. “K” members killed and wounded during the Civil War.

After Pierson joined the New York 1st Infantry, Co. “H” on June 27, 1861, he became involved in “the Recruiting business” for the regiment, even using family members, such as his brother Charley, to help. Several letters are included from J. Frederick to Charley, one pleading: “You must help me....Can I get any men there?” Documents from this period also include invoices of purchases for military equipment, including military weapons; promotions; and more. Also included are various general orders listing the promotions of Pierson; lists of “the Officers Mess of Company H” (June 14, 1861, four days after participating in the Battle of Big Bethel); a military appointment of Pierson to captain in the 1st New York signed by New York governor Edwin D. Morgan (May 27, 1861); a military appointment of Pierson to major signed by Gov. Morgan (July 29, 1861), with a document signed by Adj. Gen. J. Meredith Reed, Jr.

Trouble began to surface for the 1st New York in early 1862 as the regiment joined the Peninsula Campaign in south- eastern Virginia. In a letter from Col. Garrett Dyckman at Newport News, Virginia, Pierson finds out that many of the men under Dyckman were hostile to them: “I occasionally receive a hint that the clique business is still flourishing in the Regt but it does not show itself to me. It appears as if Cl. Co. Bj. & Sil. cannot come to an understanding in what manner they shall remove those above them or who shall fill the vacancies if removed therefore each appears to work on his own hook. The officers in the Regt who are against both of us are (I may as well write their names) Clancy, Coles, Yeamans (Silva against me), Bjorg, (Shaw against you) Hamilton (against you) Campbell (against me) Melville (against me) Hyde, & Carpenter, those not mentioned are either friends, or men of well balanced minds, who would think cliquing too contemptible a business for them to enter into.”

Earlier in January 1862, Berry sent a letter to Major Henry W. Breevort (a fair copy is included) suggesting the regiment was dysfunctional and thus should be disbanded:

“I have to say that the three field officers of this Regt. are very unfriendly to each other, and since its connection with the Brigade, they have done all they could to render each others places uncomfortable. This fight has of course descended to the line Officers sending one way and many another, and so to the Rank and file, until it came to pass that there was no discipline in the Regiment. I do not mean to say that there are no good Officers, for there are quite a number of good and deserving ones but from the quarrel existing between the field Officers, and from the trouble occasioned by some disorderly officers of Line the Regiment has suffered extremely....Lieut. Col. Pierson is in arrest. Major Jas. Clancy is in arrest also. [Berry then lists the names of eight other officers who have been arrested in connection with the crippling quarrel.] I would recommend that the recommendations of General Birney, General of Division, to break up the Regt. and place the members with the 37th N.Y.V. be carried out or that the whole lot of the officers now under arrest be got rid of.”

Matters got worse when Major James T. Clancy was placed under arrest on July 17, 1862. Two other officers were dismissed in a directive from President Lincoln and carried out by Special Orders No. 179 (included here) issued by the War Department on Aug. 2, 1862. Then in a letter to War Secretary Edwin Stanton (a fair copy is included), Pierson reports the strange desertion of Col. Garrett Dyckman when ordered to the front lines: “At Yorktown he left the Regiment, and has not reported since.” Several others also deserted. In this letter Pierson asks Stanton to dismiss all of them from the army because they “have proved themselves to be worthless officers, if not cowards” (Aug. 24, 1862). Included in this archive are holograph statements dated Sept. 8 and 10, 1862 from two of the accused, Capt. William Coles and Major James Clancy. In their statements they explained their absences from the regiment (Coles cited “Cholic” and Clancy blamed his “horse being lame from a wound”). According to another document Cole was found guilty of being absent without leave and neglect of duty; his punishment was the suspension of rank and pay for one month, along with a public reprimand in general orders. Clancy, who was removed from his appointment, was reinstated later in September (those documents are also included here). Pierson has endorsed each statement by Cole and Clancy with an endorsement arguing that both had intentionally deserted. In a significant letter dated Sept. 15, 1862 to Brig. Gen. David Birney from Annapolis, Maryland, Pierson explains the unfortunate affair. Two copies of this letter are included, one being Pierson’s retained copy. After the military trials of Cole and Clancy, Pierson writes his father on Oct. 10, 1862: “I am making a big fight here now, and go around full of impudence and bowie knives....The men are enthusiastic over my return.” Likely, Pierson felt better about his prospects because the day before he received his commission as colonel of the 1st New York (signed by Gov. Morgan and included here). In another letter to his father dated Dec. 27, 1862, Pierson reports on the day that Clancy returned to his position in the regiment:

“Upon his arrival, I demanded ‘What are you doing here sir?’ ‘I am here by order of the Secy. Of War.’ Permit me to see the order Sir? He gave it to me and I quietly whistled Yankee Doodle and unhesitatingly endorsed it thus ‘The position previously occupied by Mr. Clancy was regularly filled before the date of this order, and he cannot therefore be restored....’ I handed it to him and said ‘You will of course leave this camp Sir.’...Mr Clancy backed out....If he prefers to contest the point he can give me much trouble.”

On Dec. 29, 1862, Gen. Hiram G. Berry, commander of the division, praised Pierson for improving the regiment:

“In justice to your endeavors to make the Regm’t under your command one of the best in this Division, I beg leave to say that you may have positive proof of the value set upon these exertions. That, since your promotion to your present position your Regiment has improved beyond my expectations, although I knew of your previous worth as an officer. When the First New York joined my Brigade at Fair Oaks, its discipline was very poor. The habits of many of its Officers were such as to demoralize....I am happy to say that through your exertions many worthless officers have been got rid of.”

Three fair copies of this letter are included.

By then, however, a serious quarrel had broken out between Pierson and Clancy. Letters of accusation between the two are included. Pierson’s impudence became obvious to his own commanding officer, Brig. Gen. David B. Birney, who got involved, writing a letter from the 1st Division headquarters on June 13, 1863, which reads in full:

“The conduct of Colonel Pierson has been very insubordinate and I am told by Gen’l [Hiram G.] Berry has tended greatly to relax discipline in his Brigade. I am confident his release from arrest is because of...statements made to the Sec’y of War by the influential friends of Col. Pierson. I would urge that no decision be made before Major Clancy and Gen’l Berry both are heard.”

Pierson himself had been placed under arrest the very next day, in October 1863. To his utter embarrassment and chagrin, he “was taken by the Enemy and subsequently thrown into a Richmond Prison. While the disgraceful fact that I was captured while under arrest at the rear of the Army was published in the Papers. As my conscience Sir, and my memory both acquit me of ever having neglected my duty or committed any Military Offence.” Many more letters and documents concerning this affair are included.

This archive contains many other letters (many of which are fair copies) and documents signed by numerous Union officers, such as requests for leaves of absence; various directives, many issued by Pierson; general orders; “orders for the government of the Police Guard” (Aug. 10, 1861); invoices, such as one from the Depot of Army Clothing and Equipage (April 10, 1862); a list of members of the “First Regmt. Inf. N.Y.U.S.V.” killed and wounded in the Civil War; letters of promotion recommendations; a document certifying that Col. Pierson “has been exchanged as a prisoner of war....He will join his Regiment without delay,” signed by E.D. Townsend, Assistant Adj. Gen., Oct. 5, 1862; and more. Several post- Civil War items are also included: THE UNION CLUB (1867) containing the constitution, rules, and list of members and officers of the exclusive New York City social club (Pierson is listed as a member); THE SEVENTH REGIMENT GAZETTE (January 1933), with an obituary of Pierson; THE NEW YORK NATIONAL GUARDSMAN (June 1933); and the fiftieth anniversary edition of THE SEVENTH REGIMENT GAZETTE (August 1933) with an article on Pierson.

A considerable archive, worthy of further research. $9500.

Memoirs of General Rochambeau

66. [Rochambeau, Jean B.D. de Vimeur, Comte de]: MÉMOIRES MILITAIRES, HISTORIQUES ET POLI- TIQUES DE ROCHAMBEAU, ANCIEN MARÉCHAL DE FRANCE, ET GRAND OFFICIER DE LA LÉGION D’HONNEUR. Paris. 1809. Two volumes. [4],xii,437; [4],395pp. Half titles. Later three-quarter polished calf and marbled boards, spines gilt. Extremities lightly worn, calf a bit cracked. Armorial bookplate of Sir Joseph Copley; signature of Copley on half title of each volume and titlepage of first volume. Minor scattered foxing. Very good.

Rochambeau commanded the French troops which were sent to aid American forces during the Revolution. His memoirs, edited by Luce de Lancival, cover the period from his arrival in Rhode Island in 1780 to the surrender of the British army in 1781 at Yorktown, and offer some of the finest firsthand accounts of major battles in the war, as well as many battles on the Continent. SABIN 72303. HOWES R384. MONAGHAN 1249. $2500.

Presentation from FDR to His Children

67. [Roosevelt, Franklin D.]: Lindley, Ernest K.: FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT: A CAREER IN PROGRESSIVE DEMOCRACY. Indianapolis. 1931. 379pp. plus frontis. Original blue cloth, gilt. Corners lightly worn, spine a bit sunned. Presentation inscription on front fly leaf. Very good.

Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt, inscribed by him to his children: “For my very dear children, James & Betsy, from their devoted Pa. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Christmas 1931.” A wonderful association. $5000.

Benjamin Rush Presents John Jay with His Latest Book: “...private virtue never fails ultimately to subdue prejudice...”

68. Rush, Benjamin: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM BENJAMIN RUSH TO GOV. JOHN JAY OF NEW YORK]. Phila- delphia. Jan. 14, 1798. [2]pp. plus integral docketing leaf. Folio. Old fold lines. Faint toning; small dampstain on second leaf. Near fine. In a blue half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

Dr. Benjamin Rush writes to his friend, Gov. John Jay, transmitted with a copy of Rush’s ESSAYS. Rush was a delegate to the Continental Con- gress and signed the Declaration of Independence. He later served as surgeon general for the Middle Department of the Continental Army, though he resigned in outrage over the disorganization and corruption in army hospitals. He established several medical facilities in Philadelphia, including the College of Physicians in 1787. “Writing prolifically over nearly half a century, Rush was the first American physician to become widely known at home and abroad. More than any other physician, Rush established the reputation of Philadelphia as a center for medical training....His drive to understand mental illness and render the treatment of mental patients more humane earned Rush the title ‘father of American psychiatry’” – ANB.

The recipient of this letter, John Jay, is no less illustrious. Among his many accomplishments, Jay served as the first chief justice of the Supreme Court, governor of New York, and was instrumental in negotiating the treaty named for him.

Rush writes:

“Dear Sir, Permit me to request the favor of your acceptance of the enclosed volume of Essays. You will perceive in reading some of them, that the author has been actuated by a belief in the future prevalence of those principles of Universal peace & order which is predicted on the Old & New Testament. Permit me at the same time to express the great pleasure with which I hear from time to time of the satisfaction with which the citizens of the State of New York of all parties and religious denominations, speak of your administration of their government. In the fluctuation of public opinion respecting men, I have uniformly observed that private virtue never fails ultimately to subdue prejudice, and to preserve justice to opinions, and conduct.”

This letter likely accompanied a copy of Rush’s ESSAYS, LITERARY, MORAL & PHILOSOPHICAL which was published in 1798. A fine letter from a Signer to an important Founding Father. ANB (online). $6500.

Rules for Freed Slaves and Free “Men of Color”

69. [Saint Domingue]: REGLEMENT CONCERNANT LES GENS DE COULEUR LIBRES. EXTRAIT DES REGISTRES DU CONSEIL SUPERIEUR DU PORT-AU-PRINCE. Port-au-Prince: chez Guillot, July 16, 1773. 4pp. Quarto. Single folded sheet. Old fold, short tear along vertical fold. Very good.

A rare Haitian imprint that enumerates the rules on how mulat- tos, and other “gens de couleur libres” [free people of color] who were born free can take the last names of their fathers, and how freed slaves can take the names of the masters who gave them their freedom. In the complex slave society of colonial Saint Domingue, the illegitimate offspring of white masters and their slave mistresses were generally free, sometimes quite wealthy, but with circumscribed civil rights. Likewise freed slaves (for example, Touissant L’Overture) often had substantial property and slaves. Rare, with only one copy located, at the John Carter Brown Library.

The origins of printing in Saint Domingue, now Haiti, are obscure. The best contemporary source, Isaiah Thomas in his HISTORY OF PRINTING IN AMERICA, says that a press was established at Port-au-Prince as early as 1750, but this is uncertain since the earliest imprints do not survive. In American libraries we can locate a 1767 Port-au-Prince imprint at the Library Company of Philadelphia, while the earliest held by the John Carter Brown Library (which has by far the most extensive collection of very early Saint Domingue imprints, with about three dozen prior to 1785) is 1769. Thomas says there was a press at Cap Français “as early as 1765, and probably several years preceding,” but we locate a single imprint at the Library Company dated 1752. In the period 1769-73 a printer named Guillot evidently operated presses in both Port-au-Prince and Cap Français with the royal patent. Guillot either died or retired the year this was printed, and was succeeded by a printer named Donnet.

A rare and highly important imprint, describing the complex rules that governed free African-Americans in the slave culture of Saint Domingue. OCLC 172819628. THOMAS, HISTORY OF PRINTING IN AMERICA (2nd ed., 1874) I, 10-11. $8500.

Pamphlet War with Hamilton

70. [Seabury, Samuel]: FREE THOUGHTS, ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, HELD AT PHILADELPHIA SEPT. 5, 1774...By a Farmer. [New York: James Rivington], 1774. 24pp. Modern three- quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Tanned. Very good.

Samuel Seabury was first bishop of the Episcopal Church in America. At the outset of the American Revolution “Seabury and his colleagues began their major literary struggle to keep the colonies loyal to the Crown. His most important pamphlets were signed A.W. Farmer” (DAB). Alexander Hamilton, at age seventeen, replied to Seabury’s FREE THOUGHTS... with A FULL VINDICATION OF THE MEASURES OF THE CONGRESS.... This sparked a pamphlet war between the two, which produced three more publications by Seabury and another one by Hamilton. Through the present work and other pamphlets, Seabury sought to nullify the measures enacted by the Continental Congress. “Seabury was the pre-eminent exponent of Tory thought in America” – Howes. Sabin lists only the present issue as the first edition, but Adams notes three separate American issues and calls this the third. AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE 136c. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 74-70a (note). EVANS 13602. HOWES S253. SABIN 78574. KRESS 7052. DAB XVI, pp.528-30. FORD 1 (note). $3000.

His Rare First Book, Inscribed Twice

71. [Seton, Ernest Thompson]: Thompson, Ernest E.: A LIST OF THE MAMMALS OF MANITOBA...TRANS- ACTIONS OF THE MANITOBA SCIENTIFIC AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, No. 23, MAY, 1886. [Toronto. 1886]. [2],26pp. plus errata leaf. Illus. Original illustrated wrappers. Minor chipping and splitting to backstrip, short tear to rear wrapper. Early 20th-century bookplate on verso of the front wrapper. Very good. In a cloth chemise and clamshell case, gilt leather label.

An extraordinary presentation copy of Seton’s exceedingly rare first published work, which predates his second book by a full decade. Only a few copies are known to exist of this highly-desirable Seton rarity. Ernest Thompson Seton, born Ernest Thompson, emigrated to Canada as a child. After graduating from the Ontario College of Art, he began his travels as a naturalist, settling in Manitoba in 1881. In 1892 he was appointed Naturalist to the Manitoba Government before moving to the United States to write and illustrate more than forty books of animal stories.

This pamphlet consists mainly of Seton’s field notes, with six in-text illustrations by him, including the titlepage vignette of a mule, or jumping deer, repeated on the wrappers. The presentation inscriptions read, “Montagu Chamberlain Esq with the writer’s compliments” and “To J B McGee, this my first publication under the pseudonym “[Ernest E. Thomp- son]” cordially, E.T. Seton.”

Included with the book is a 1945 letter from David Randall of Scribner’s, offering this same copy to a customer in Wash- ington, D.C. Randall writes that the pamphlet “must be of excessive rarity” as Jake Blanck (author of the BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AMERICAN LITERATURE) had never seen a copy, nor had two other rare book scouts come across one in all their years. This copy later sold at auction at Parke-Bernet Galleries, for $1400 in 1977. PEEL 1640. $3750.

British Privateering in the Pacific, with an Early Account of California and Its Natives

72. Shelvocke, George: A VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD BY WAY OF THE GREAT SOUTH SEA, PERFORM’D IN THE YEARS 1719, 20, 21, 22, IN THE SPEEDWELL OF LONDON.... London. 1726. [8],xxxii,[4],468pp. plus five plates (three folding), including one map. Contemporary paneled calf, expertly rebacked, spine richly gilt, leather label. Corners expertly repaired. Some light dampstaining at front of volume, else bright and clean. Very good.

“The fullest account of California, the natives and other features, of any of the old voyages” – Cowan. “Captains Shelvocke and Clipperton led a privately financed privateering expedition to attack Spanish shipping. Shelvocke gave his superior officer the slip in a storm and proceeded to Brazil and thence to the west coast of South America, where in two months he sacked Payta, Peru, and captured several small prizes. His vessel, the Speedwell, was wrecked at Juan Fernandez Island, but a ship was built out of the wreckage, and he sailed up the coast to Baja California. After crossing the Pacific via Guam and Macao, Shelvocke returned to England, where he was accused of piracy and embezzlement, and was acquitted. He soon left for the Continent a wealthy man. Shelvocke wrote this account, in part, as a vindication of his conduct. In it he mentions the gold of California and the guano of Peru, more than a hundred years before their rediscovery in the 19th century. An incident in the narrative describing the passage around Cape Horn, in which a sailor kills an albatross, is said to have inspired Coleridge’s RIME OF THE ANCIENT MARINER” – Hill. “On the map of the world, California is shown as an island. Two of the plates represent male and female inhabitants of California” – Cowan. COWAN II, pp.581-82. HILL 1157. HOWES S383. SABIN 90158. $6000.

An African-American West Indian Writes About His Life and Social Theories

73. Sixto, Adolph: TIME AND I, OR LOOKING FORWARD. [San Juan: News Power Print, ca. 1899]. [4],vi,168,[44,advertisements]pp. plus nine plates. Original illustrated wrappers printed in green and red. Spine partially perished, wrappers noticeably soiled, some chipping. Light scattered foxing, minor mildewing to bottom edge, minor chipping to gutter at bottom edge of first few and last few leaves, last few leaves of advertisements partially detached. Still, a good copy. In a modern cloth box, red label.

Presentation copy of this rare West Indian book by a major contributor to the early cultural development of the region and a significant African-American author. Inscribed by Sixto on the recto of his portrait plate: “St. Thomas 25/1/24 Honorable Mr. A.G. Brown V.I. Commissioner When you read this work please think of me at my best the Author Adolph Sixto.”

Sixto was born on the small island of Vieques, just to the east of Puerto Rico and administratively part of it, in 1858. He spent most of his adult life in the neighboring island of St. Thomas, part of the Danish West Indies until 1917 (Puerto Rico was taken over by the U.S. in the Spanish-American War in 1898). Sixto established the first repertory theatre on St. Thomas, as well as being the founder of the Carnival in 1912. He remained a prominent citizen until his death in 1930. This book is in the form of a history of St. Thomas, but is actually Sixto’s argument for socialism in the governing of the island. His narrative is both a promotion the interests of the island and a development of his political and cultural and cultural theories. It is interspersed with many first-person observations on administration and political organization, agricultural and industrial activities, geography, and culture.

The plates include a photographic portrait of Sixto, a photographic view of the harbor of St. Thomas, an illustrated view of the Soap and Match Factory, and more. The last section is essentially an early business directory of St. Thomas, with numerous listings for photographers, general merchants, cigar dealers, Riise rum and other liquor dealers, insurance agents, and many others. OCLC locates only four copies: New York Public Library, Harvard, and two at Tulane. OCLC 16788299. $3500.

A Famous Seminole War Account

74. [Smith, W.W.]: SKETCH OF THE SEMINOLE WAR, AND SKETCHES DUR- ING A CAMPAIGN. By a Lieutenant of the Left Wing. Charleston: Dan J. Dowling, 1836. [2],[6],311,[1]pp. Original paper boards with original muslin cloth spine. Occasional light foxing. A near fine copy, completely untrimmed.

One of the rarest personal narratives of the second Seminole War of 1835-36. The volume was absent from the Streeter collection, which contained some of the rarest Seminole War material. It is also lacking from several otherwise exhaustive collections of southern military history.

The author was an officer in the South Carolina volunteer regiment commanded by Col. A.H. Brisbane. James Servies, in the new edition of his BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WEST FLORIDA, identifies the author as W.W. Smith on the basis of a NILES WEEKLY REG- ISTER article about the book. Smith gives a general history of the beginning of the war, then proceeds to a narrative of his experience with the South Carolina volunteers between the formation of the regiment in January 1836 and the termination of their service at St. Augustine in May. He gives a lively firsthand account of the campaign and his part in it, with interesting observations on the land, natural history, and Indians, as well as military details. He also provides a “Vocabulary of the Seminole language.” HOWES S284. SERVIES, FLORIDA 1913. CLARK III:237. GILCREASE-HARGRETT, p.336. FIELD 1418. EBERSTADT 103:106. SABIN 81536. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 40183. $12,500.

With Some of the Earliest Photographic Images from South Africa, with a Striking Portrait of a Basuto Chief

75. [South Africa]: [Photography]: THE PROGRESS OF HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS PRINCE ALFRED ERNEST ALBERT THROUGH THE CAPE COLONY, BRITISH KAFFRARIA, THE ORANGE FREE STATE, AND PORT NATAL, IN THE YEAR 1860. Cape Town: Saul Solomon, 1861. xii,180pp. plus photographically illustrated titlepage and sixteen mounted albumen photographs. Quarto. Original publisher’s cloth, stamped in gilt, rebacked with most of original spine laid down. Corners lightly worn. Contemporary ownership inscription on front fly leaf. Light foxing and toning, heavier in some places. Most images clean, though one or two with some light foxing at the edges. Very good.

An early photographically illustrated book, and the first such book printed on the African continent. The volume was made to commemorate the visit of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, one of Queen Victoria’s sons. The book was designed to showcase the colony, which had hitherto been viewed in a less than positive light by the general British public. Prince Alfred was well-received by the colonists in South Africa, and the volume contains many positive facts about the colony’s usefulness to the British Empire.

The book includes seventeen images by photographer Joseph Kirkman, who was active in South Africa from 1859 to 1870. Some of the images in this volume are photographs of drawings or other artwork, but others do capture live scenes along the Prince’s route, including a grand portrait of the African chief Moshesh and his advisors. The chief is pictured seated in the center of the image, dressed in a top hat and suit, holding a cane. The man seated next to him glowers at the camera and is draped in an animal pelt and holds a spear. Four men, all in Western dress, stand arrayed behind them. The images taken from life during the Prince’s progress are as follows:

[Untitled image on the titlepage showing several men next to a rail car full of large rocks]. In 1860 Kirkman and Frederick York were employed by the government and the Harbour Board to photograph the tilting of the first truck of stone off the Breakwater by Prince Alfred. This is, presumably, an image from that scene.

“Graham’s Town, from the West” “The Reception of the Prince by a Burgher Escort near Queenstown” “The Prince’s Interview with the Tambookies” “Moshesh and His Counsellors” “The Prince and His First Wildebeeste” “The Prince’s Travelling Equipage”

Not in THE TRUTHFUL LENS. A rare and interesting work, and notable for being the first photographically illustrated book produced in Africa. $4500.

With Remarkable Architectural Plates of the Proposed College for Barbados, 1714

76. Stanhope, George: THE EARLY CONVERSION OF ISLANDERS, A WISE EXPEDIENT FOR PROPA- GATING CHRISTIANITY. A SERMON PREACHED BEFORE THE INCORPORATED SOCIETY FOR THE PROPAGATIONS OF THE GOSPEL IN FOREIGN PARTS; AT THEIR ANNIVERSARY MEETING IN THE PARISH CHURCH OF ST. MARY-LE-BOW; ON FRIDAY THE 19th OF FEB. 17 13-14. London: Joseph Down- ing, 1714. 55,[1]pp. plus two folding copper-engraved plans. Early 20th-century blue cloth, leather label. Light soiling. Internally clean, the folding plates fine. Very good.

One of a series of sermons preached before the members of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, notable for its remarkable plates of a proposed college in Barbados. George Stanhope, Dean of Canterbury, lays forth the main purpose of the Society: “The very Being and Design of this Society tends to the more perfect Accomplishment of...converting our Traffick and Navigation, into Means of establishing the Christian Faith, among those yet barbarous People, with whom we deal abroad.” The Society’s missionaries focused their work on North America and the West Indies.

One instrument by which the Society produced “a large Increase of Knowledge in the Natives of those very Countries” was “by settling a College in one of these Plantations, which may nurse up, and send forth, Numbers of able and faithful Ministers to assist in this Blessed Work.” The college of which Stanhope speaks is Codrington College in St. James Par- ish, Barbados. Still in operation today, Codrington College was founded after Christopher Codrington, Barbadian-born British soldier, plantation and slave owner, bibliophile, and colonial governor, bequeathed his estates to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Construction began on the college the same year as the present publication, but it was not finished until 1745 due to economic depression, droughts, and other difficulties in the area. The most interesting aspect of the present work is the two folding copper-engraved plans showing the proposed floor plan and side views of the Codrington College building. The present-day central building resembles these plans, but the main building’s appearance changed when it was gutted by fire in 1926. Still, this work and its illustrations offer valuable insight into church organization and missionary activities in the West Indies in the early 18th century. These illustrations are actually the earliest images of any institution of higher learning in the New World.

The Abstract of the proceedings of the organization follows Stanhope’s sermon. It includes much on American missionary activities, including an account of missionary work among the Mohawk and other New York Native Americans. The Abstract also includes “a report on contributions, donations of books to the Library, missionaries in America, the building of churches, and the instruction of Indian and Negro slaves” – Nebenzahl. Scarce. SABIN 90218. ALDEN 714. BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 132. ESTC T4313. LATHROP HARPER 136:670. NEBENZAHL 10:181 (this copy). $2500. “ ...for it is in vain to wash the soil of our country in blood to regain her freedom unless we endeavor as zealously against every unhappy habit which threatens to subvert it.”

77. Sullivan, James: [Gerry, Elbridge]: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM JAMES SULLIVAN TO EL- BRIDGE GERRY, CALLING FOR FRUGALITY AS A NATIONAL CHARACTERISTIC, INCLUDING AT THE PRESIDENT’S DINING TABLE]. Boston. Jan. 11, 1785. [7]pp., on two folded sheets. Docketed by Gerry on verso of final leaf. Folio. Old fold lines. Minor soiling. Strip of later paper attached to left margin on verso of each piece. Very good. In a green half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

James Sullivan, Massachusetts lawyer and politician, writes to Founding Father Elbridge Gerry, discussing the need for frugality to be a core American virtue. Sullivan was involved in the convention that wrote the state’s first constitution, and led the movement to secure representation in the lower House for a representative from each town. He served as Massachusetts Attorney General from 1790 to 1807, when he resigned his post to assume the position of governor. He was a good friend of his correspondent, Elbridge Gerry.

Gerry served in the Continental Congress and was a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence. He was an early and vigorous advocate of American Independence, and played a crucial role in the formation of the new United States government, insisting on a bill of rights being added to the new constitution. His name is perhaps best remembered, however ignominiously, in connection with the term “gerrymandering.” In his second term as governor of Massachusetts, Gerry redrew district lines to consolidate his party’s control in the state senate. Though this was not necessarily a new practice, the name stuck. Gerry ran on the ticket with President Madison in 1812, for Madison’s second term as president, and died in office in November 1814.

Espousing a very New England view of the situation, Sullivan imparts his thoughts on the subject of national character to his friend, emphasizing the ways in which frugality as a national trait will elevate America’s position on the world stage. He advocates legislating the expense and extravagance of the President’s table, in order to set a precedent that will filter down to the state leaders, etc., and be passed down as an example to all of the nation’s future leaders.

The letter reads, in part:

“My dear Gerry, You will permit me to trouble you with one thought on public measures, which though unimportant in your eye, yet your candour & friendship will pardon the intrusion. I cannot but wish, however unfashionable I may be in it, that our national character (for one we must have) may be marked by industry and oeconomy [sic]. I wish it might be said to the traveller who shall be on his way to America, ‘You will find then an hospitable people, but men who uniformly attend to the various calls of industry, & while their tables are crowned with plenty, they are governed in their expenses by the rules of frugality. Their state of life is such as affords the most happy presage of their young republic being lasting as the constitution of it is pure.’ A character like this would raise us in the estimation of foreigners, would fix our private and establish our public credit among the nations of the world; it would yield us an infinite advantage over what we can possibly obtain in our present carreer [sic] of mimicking fops, and men of fortune in old countries....

“I am persuaded that it is in the power of Congress immediately to lay such a foundation for table frugality throughout the union as will not be shaken for a long time yet to come. You have a gentleman at the head of the federal table whom I conceive to be not only a theoretic but a practical whig and in all instances a firm patriot. Should Congress now advise or direct that his table should be spread in a mode suitable to the state and situation of a young republic, that it should bare [sic] enough for the surrounding guests without groaning under an immense weight or the wasting surplusage, which we generally see at what are called polite tables, it would be an example aided by the strength of superior opinion while all the federal officers and all the governors of the separate states would hand it down with obligations to the people. It would very soon be rendered disreputable to gentlemen of private life to exceed the measure sanctified by so great an authority. I know it may be objected that foreign ministers keep tables which ought not to be more than equal to that supported by the union....The idea of making the entertainment as splendid as the guest is an unfortunate mistake; the table ought to appear as splendid as the owner....

“For a young republic struggling under an oppression of public and private demands, with scarcely one man in it who can retire from business upon his fortune, to ape the nobility of old countries must I think end in a most disagreeable manner. I know it would by some be thought a piece of indulgence to move Congress for an ordinance to regulate the President’s table, but should the President himself move Congress, and lay the foundation of such a measure, it would itemize his memory and render him as respectable as if he had conquered armies in defence of his country for it is in vain to wash the soil of our country in blood to regain her freedom unless we endeavor as zealously against every unhappy habit which threatens to subvert it.”

An interesting letter by this Massachusetts politician to Gerry, showing one man’s opinion of the ways the government should economize. $3250.

Defending Jefferson

78. Taylor, John, of Caroline: A DEFENCE OF THE MEASURES OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF THOMAS JEFFERSON. By Curtius. Washington. 1804. 136pp. Modern calf, spine gilt, leather label. Loss to outer margin of single leaf, minutely affecting text. Foxing and toning throughout. Still very good.

An important essay by this staunch Virginia Jeffersonian, states’ rights advocate, and father of American libertarianism, arguing in favor of the actions of the first Jefferson administration. One of his rarest books, which seldom appears on the market. HOWES T60. GAINES 335. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 7333. $3750.

The Very Rare First Edition

79. Taylor, John, of Caroline: ARATOR; BEING A SERIES OF AGRICULTURAL ESSAYS, PRACTICAL & POLITICAL: IN SIXTY ONE NUMBERS. Georgetown, Columbia: Printed and Published by J.M. and J.B. Carter, 1813. 296pp. Antique-style polished calf, gilt, gilt leather labels. Top edge stained red. Minor foxing, titlepage and Index leaf trimmed. Very good.

The rare first edition. A strongly political and ideological work by the greatest of the agrarian states’ rights theorists. Some of the text is devoted to political and constitutional philosophy, and the slavery issue, and the balance treats practical agricultural advice. RINK 1163. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 29920. SABIN 94483. $2500.

A Collection of the Four Treaties Ending the American Revolution, in a Period Binding

80. [Treaty of Paris]: THE DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, BETWEEN HIS BRITAN- NICK MAJESTY, AND THE MOST CHRISTIAN KING. SIGNED AT VERSAILLES, THE 3d OF SEPTEMBER, 1783. [bound with:] THE DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, BETWEEN HIS BRITANNICK MAJESTY, AND THE KING OF SPAIN. SIGNED AT VERSAILLES, THE 3d OF SEPTEMBER, 1783. [bound with:] PRELIMINARY ARTICLES OF PEACE, BETWEEN HIS BRITANNICK MAJESTY, AND THE STATES GENERAL OF THE UNITED PROVINCES. SIGNED AT PARIS, THE 2d OF SEPTEMBER, 1783. [bound with:] THE DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, BETWEEN HIS BRITANNICK MAJESTY, AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. SIGNED AT PARIS, THE 3d OF SEPTEMBER, 1783. London: T. Harrison and S. Brooke, 1783. 40; 35; 10; 12pp. Quarto. Contemporary half calf and marbled boards, gilt leather label. Contemporary notation on front pastedown. Negligible foxing. Fine.

The four treaties comprising the Peace of Paris – three Definitive and one Preliminary – which ended the American Revolutionary War and restored peace to Europe. Included here is the first English edition of the vitally important Treaty of Paris between the new United States and Great Britain, preceded only by the Paris edition. Also included are Great Britain’s treaties with France, Spain, and the Netherlands, all of great significance for the future of North America.

The treaty between the United States and Great Britain, (signed Sept. 3, 1783) is a document of seminal importance, marking the end of the American Revolution and the birth of the United States as a recognized and legitimate nation. Peace negotiations between the United States and Great Britain began in Paris on April 12, 1782. The United States was represented by Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, John Adams, and Henry Laurens. While most peace treaties address the issues that sparked the conflict, the treaty between the United States and Great Britain is most concerned with drawing the boundaries of a new nation. The treaty is often imprecisely worded and raised issues that would take decades to resolve. Article One officially recognizes the sovereignty and independence of the United States. The treaty goes on to delimit the boundary between British North America and the United States, from Canada in the north, across the Great Lakes, down the Mississippi River, and southeast to Florida. The people of the United States maintain important fishing rights in Newfoundland and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and provisions are made to compensate Loyalists for property lost during the conflict. It is also agreed that citizens of both nations would enjoy navigation rights on the Mississippi. The treaty was signed on Sept. 3, 1783, and immediately printed.

The U.S.-British treaty was one of several treaties negotiated by Britain during the war, including settlements with the French, Spanish, and Dutch. The treaties between Britain and those states – in the definitive versions, excepting the Dutch – are also included in this volume. In her treaty with France, Great Britain returned St. Lucia to the French, ceded Tobago, and recognized the French claim to the tiny Canadian islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon – still French colonies today – while recovering Dominca, Grenada, St. Kitts, Nevis and Montserrat in the Caribbean, and Fort St. Jean (i.e. St. John’s) in New Brunswick, all seized by the French in the course of the conflict. With regard to Spain, Britain kept Gibraltar, while Spain took back Minorca, took back West Florida (which had been ceded to the English in 1763), and effectively swapped New Providence Island and the rest of the Bahamas to England for East Florida, another “possession” which proved impossible to exploit. Protracted British negotiations with the Dutch over preliminary articles of peace held up the conclusion of the other treaties at Paris. In fact, it was not until a day after the Preliminary Articles of Peace with the Netherlands were finalized, (on Sept. 2, 1783), that the British signed their definitive treaties with the United States, France, and Spain. In this truce between the British and the Dutch (the definitive treaty was not signed until 1784), it was simply agreed to restore the conquests of each, save for Negapatam, the coastal port which since 1660 had been the principal Dutch possession in the Indian sub-continent, and which Great Britain retained. African colonies also changed hands, France keeping Senegal and Goree, and Britain and Gambia.

All told, a beautiful contemporary collection of these monumentally important documents, the full legal recognition of the United States. ESTC T53346, T53347, T80895, T53339. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 83-42, 83-41, 83-47, 83-43. HOWES D212, “aa.” CHURCH 1197. Richard B. Morris, THE PEACEMAKERS: THE GREAT POWERS AND AMERICAN INDE- PENDENCE (New York, 1965) is still the best single study of the negotiations which led to the several treaties ending the American Revolution. $75,000.

Trumbull Writes Benjamin West

81. Trumbull, John: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM JOHN TRUMBULL TO BENJAMIN WEST]. Paris. April 12, 1795. [1]p. Old fold lines, though very faint. Chipped along left side of sheet, not affecting text. Minor tears along fold lines on right side; small tear along right side affecting text but without loss. Bright and clean. Very good.

John Trumbull writes to his friend and instructor, painter Benjamin West, regarding the purchase of several paintings. This was written during Trumbull’s time as John Jay’s secretary on the Jay Treaty Commission, after he had been sent to France to discuss the Treaty with James Monroe, the United States minister to France. Trumbull was delayed in France, awaiting orders, and filled his time by collecting art with the help of connoisseur Jean-Baptiste Pierre Lebrun. The letter, sent from Paris, reads:

“Dear Sir, You recollect my asking your opinion with respect to the prudence of purchasing pictures at present. I have been tempted to purchase a number which are now packing up to be sent forward as soon as possible, and I hope soon to have the pleasure of shewing you several such as we seldom see. Among them is a large landscape by Berghem [probably the Dutch painter Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem], clear and beautiful as Claude. It is allowed here to have no equal among his works except one which is in the National Museum – a small picture by Nicholas Poussin, Christ in the Garden of Olives, the most beautiful thing I ever saw – a small picture a Religious Allegory by Guido – a St. John by Murillos – a Virgin, Child & Angels by Schidone – another by Augustin Carrache, a Magdalen by Carlo Dolci, another by LeSoeur – a Holy Family small & beautiful by Nicholas Poussin – Two capital Landscapes by Salvater – two capital pictures by Teniers, &c &c. They have been bought with the assistance of LeBrun’s Judgment, and are most of them from celebrated collections. I have directed them to remain in the King’s Warehouse until I arrive which I hope will be in five or six weeks.”

This letter provides an insight into Trumbull’s own collecting interest and artistic influences.

Hailed as the official painter of the Revolution, Trumbull studied painting and art in England and France. The youngest son of the governor of Connecticut, the elder John Trumbull very much wanted his son to go into law. Trumbull did study the law, but gladly joined the fight against the British when the Revolution broke out. He eventually served as Washington’s second aide-de-campe, having been brought to the General’s attention through some very accurate drawings he had made of British gun emplacements. He rose to the rank of colonel as a deputy adjutant-general, but resigned the commission he finally received because it was dated three months late, a slight his honor could not tolerate. He refused to return to the law, finding it quite distasteful, and chose instead to pursue his true passion, art, against his family’s wishes. Though he was never particularly wealthy in this pursuit, he did achieve a certain amount of success in his own lifetime. Among his most famous works are those commissioned in 1817 by Congress to adorn the Capitol building: “The Surrender of General Burgoyne at Saratoga,” “The Surrender of General Cornwallis at Yorktown,” “The Declaration of Independence,” and “The Resignation of General Washington.” DAB XIX, pp.11-15. Helen A. Cooper, JOHN TRUMBULL: THE HAND AND SPIRIT OF A PAINTER (Yale, 1982), pp.10-11. $7500.

First Photo-Lithographic Book Produced in America

82. Turner, A.A.: VILLAS ON THE HUDSON. A COLLECTION OF PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHS OF THIRTY- ONE COUNTRY RESIDENCES. New York: D. Appleton, 1860. [3] preliminary leaves, thirty-one photo-lithographic plates (most with two tints), twenty-one floor plans. Oblong folio. Original gilt-lettered cloth, rebacked in three-quarter calf. New endsheets. Minute wear to extremities. First two leaves creased, titlepage creased with vertical repair through center, occasional marginal tears. Minute foxing, primarily on architectural plans, as usual. Save for the slightly stained image of H.L. Atherton’s manse, the photo-lithographs remain clean and bright. Very good. In a cloth case, leather label.

This book is the first large-scale use of photo-lithography in the United States, a medium which did not come into general use for another two decades. Its views are based on photographs made by A.A. Turner of large homes along the Hudson from upper Manhattan Island to Dobbs Ferry, mainly summer or pleasure homes of wealthy New Yorkers, and often exhibiting extravagant or playful architecture. The villas are remarkably lavish and some show considerable whimsy. Turner took the pictures in 1858 and 1859, and this lavish work appeared on the eve of the Civil War. All of the views have at least one additional color, and most have two (either brown or green, or both) applied by stencil, with the picture inside a gilt printed border. The images have a slightly surreal quality which adds to the appeal of this remarkable book. HITCHCOCK 1275. TRUTHFUL LENS 173. REESE, STAMPED WITH A NA- TIONAL CHARACTER 62. $9500.

Of Major Importance for Hudson Bay

83. Umfreville, Edward: THE PRESENT STATE OF HUDSON’S BAY. CONTAINING A FULL DESCRIPTION OF THAT SETTLEMENT, AND THE ADJACENT COUNTRY; AND LIKEWISE OF THE FUR TRADE, WITH HINTS FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT, &c. &c..... London: Printed for Charles Stalker, 1790. [2],vii,128,133-230pp. plus plate and two folding tables. Lacks half title. Later half calf and contemporary marbled boards, gilt leather label. Corners worn, boards lightly worn. Some minor foxing. Very good.

One of the earliest works dealing with the fur trade in western Canada and the Great Lakes region. Umfreville worked for the Hudson’s Bay Company from 1771 to 1782, when he was captured by La Pérouse at Fort York. After his release through an exchange of prisoners, he explored and traded in the region west of Lake Superior in the employ of the North West Company until 1788, when he went to New York. The text includes a printing of his journal, written during a trip from Montreal to New York, containing many references to the languages of the native Indian tribes, as well as the climate, soil, and natural history of the area. HOWES U10, “b.” STREETER SALE 3650. ARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY 18187. SABIN 97702. PILLING, PROOF- SHEETS 3951. TPL 602. LANDE 1493. PEEL 18. $4000. Spanish Manual on Indian Fighting, 1599

84. Vargas Machuca, Bernardo de: MILICIA Y DESCRIPCION DE LAS INDIAS. Madrid: En casa de Pedro Madrigal, 1599. [15],186,[21] leaves, lacking portrait facing p.1 and final leaf with printing ornament. Small quarto. Early mottled calf, spine gilt, leather label. Minor wear to hinges and corners. Some soiling and wear on lower corners of last few index pages. Earlier library ink stamps. Very good.

One of the most important Spanish works on the Indies and New World military organization in the 16th century. It is a tactical manual by a Spanish veteran of the colonial South American frontier and the brutal wars against rebellious native Americans, as well as a rich source of ethnographic and military detail. “The first manual of guerilla warfare ever published....he advocated for the Americas the creation of commando groups to carry out search-and-destroy missions deep within enemy territory for up to two years at a time” – Parker. This work served as both a guide to aid new arrivals in conquest, as well as a sometimes testy address to King Phillip II detailing Vargas Machuca’s many services to the Crown, whom he felt never recognized him adequately for his service. The text is divided into four books, followed by a description of the Indies. The parts cover the following subjects: the qualities needed to lead, the preparation of soldiers and necessary materials, the duty of the soldier, and the settling of the land after conquest. It includes significant chapters on military medicine and natural history, though the real significance lies in the fact that “scattered throughout MILICIA INDIANA are unwitting fragments of indigenous and rural Spanish colonial history. Perhaps the main gap that this book helps to fill, if only partially, is the story of early and unconquered ‘backcountry’ New Granada” (Lane).

Bernardo Vargas Machuca (ca. 1555-1622) was a Spanish soldier, born in Simancas. He took part in several campaigns in Old Granada and Italy before setting off for the Caribbean in 1578 to help chase down the famed pirate, Francis Drake. His first services in the New World are obscure, until he arrived in New Granada, present-day Colombia, in 1585, one of many re-conquistadors still hoping to find the golden city of El Dorado. While settled in New Granada he participated in many campaigns against rebellious natives, becoming known for his ruthless and quick-striking tactics, explained in this text. These included campaigns in present-day Peru and Bolivia, and Colombia. In 1595 he returned to Spain, hoping to capitalize on his service to obtain promotion. Despite his best efforts, including the publication of this book, Vargas Machuca was unable to secure an ENCOMIENDA or any other titles or appointments from King Phillip II. What positions he did manage to secure were in out-of-the-way locations relatively ignored by the Crown: one as paymaster of the three forts of Portobelo in Panama and later as governor of Margarita Island in the Caribbean. Both appointments were short-lived and ill-starred, and in the end, Vargas Machuca, both broke and indignant, made his way to court once again to seek another appointment. In keeping with his bad luck, he died suddenly in Madrid of an unknown illness, shortly after being appointed governor of Antioquia, one of New Granada’s declining gold districts.

The MILICIA INDIANA is thus a manual of Indian warfare, an appeal for promotion based on services, and a picture of the colonial New World at a time far less documented than the original conquest. The multiple bankruptcies of the Spanish Crown and the decline of bullion production from the Americas were leading the New World empire into a long, slow decline. It is this period of entropy, balanced by violent frontier conflict, that Vargas Machuca documents. The book is also a proposal: the Indian uprisings in colonial Chile, long a thorn in the side of the Spanish, had broken out again, and he hoped to be appointed governor-general there, to suppress the rebellion with the tactics described in the book. He did not get the appointment.

Besides this book Vargas Machuca wrote COMPENDIO Y DOCTRINA NUEVA DE LA GINETA, SECRETOS Y ADVERTENCIAS DE ELLA, SENALES Y ENFRENAMIENTOS DE CABALLOS, SU CURACION Y BENEFICIO, a manual on horsemanship printed in Madrid in 1619; and DEFENSA DE LAS CONQUISTAS DE LAS INDIAS, an attack on Las Casas, which only survives in manuscript. This is the only copy of the present work to appear for sale since a copy sold at auction in 1967; Maggs asked £250 for a copy in 1927. As is usually the case, the final leaf with printing ornament is lacking, as is the portrait. A rare and interesting work on early warfare tactics against the natives of South America. Accompanied by the modern scholarly translation. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 599/89. MEDINA (BHA) 402. BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 9. PALAU 352445. SABIN 98604. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 496:407. Geoffrey Parker, THE MILITARY REVO- LUTION: MILITARY INNOVATION AND THE RISE OF THE WEST (Cambridge, 1996), p.120. APPLETON’S CYCLOPÆDIA VI, p.260. Kris Lane, ed., THE INDIAN MILITIA AND DESCRIPTION OF THE INDIES (Durham, 2008). $22,500. A Major Early Virginia Imprint

85. [Virginia Laws]: THE ACTS OF ASSEMBLY, NOW IN FORCE, IN THE COLONY OF VIRGINIA. WITH THE TITLES OF SUCH AS ARE EXPIRED, OR REPEALED.... Williamsburg: William Hunter, 1752. [2],vi,455,[1] pp. Folio. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards, gilt, leather label. Titlepage with slight marginal paper loss, not affecting text, expertly filled. Very good.

The first significant Virginia imprint from the press of the state’s second printer, William Hunter. William Parks, the first printer, died in 1749, and Hunter set up his shop in Williamsburg in late 1750. In 1752 he was awarded the contract to print the laws for the Genweral Assembly. This is the first major work from his press, recording all acts passed up to that time whether public acts still in effect or acts which had expired or been repealed in Virginia by 1752. “Chronologically arranged, it serves as a record to all the acts passed by the General Assembly since its inception in 1619” – Berg. Very rare, with only a few copies located by Berg. BERG 76. EVANS 6941. SWEM 22562. TORRENCE 205. ESTC W7023. $22,500.

Revolutionary Laws of Virginia

86. [Virginia Laws]: [American Revolution]: AT A GENERAL ASSEMBLY, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CAPITOL, IN THE CITY OF WILLIAMS- BURG, ON MONDAY THE FIFTH DAY OF OCTOBER, IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND SEVENTY EIGHT. Williamsburg: Alexander Purdie, [1778]. 46pp. Folio. Antique-style three quarter calf and marbled boards, gilt, leather label. Minor foxing, text trimmed a bit close. Very good.

A rare and important Revolutionary War-era collection of Virginia session laws. One act relating to the Revolutionary War encourages soldiers in the Continental Army to continue in service by providing higher pay and discounts on common luxuries like wine, coffee, chocolate, and sugar. Later in the session, the assembly partially recanted this act, declaring that it “cannot be carried fully into execution without greatly distressing the publick treasury.” As a result, the provisions of the act were executed at the discretion of the governor and council. Another act calls on the governor and council to supply the American army and navy with grain and flour, and yet another act lays out guidelines for terms of service and pay for recruitment of more Virginia soldiers for the Continental Army.

Other measures include an act preventing the further importation of slaves, an act extending the boundary line between Virginia and North Carolina, an act suspending payment to clergy of the Church of England, and “An act for Estab- lishing the county of Ilinois” on the western side of the Mississippi river. “The General Assembly passed two acts at this session, both of which had an immediate effect throughout the colony. It prohibited the further importation of slaves into Virginia; and (because of a severe grain shortage) it prohibited the distilling of spirits from corn, wheat, rye, and other grains for a period of eight months” – Berg. Rare, with only five copies recorded in Berg. Printing would soon end in Williamsburg, as the government fled westward to escape the British in 1779. BERG 265. EVANS 16154. SWEM 7113. $11,000.

Printed at the Lithographic Press at West Point: Joseph Hooker’s Copies

87. [West Point Lithography]: [TEN LITHOGRAPHED MILITARY MANUALS, WITH SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL, PRINTED AT THE LITHOGRAPHIC PRESS AT THE UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY, BOUND TOGETHER FOR GEN. JOSEPH HOOKER WHILE A CADET AT WEST POINT]. West Point. [n.d., ca. 1833-1837]. Various paginations. Folio. Contemporary three-quarter sheep and paper boards, gilt morocco label of “J. Hooker” on front board. Rubbed, scuffed, and edgeworn, chipped at spine ends. Ex-lib. with small bookplate on front pastedown. Pencil notes, likely in Hooker’s hand. Internally clean, tight, and very good. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A remarkable contemporary bound volume of ten military and technical manuals, with supplemental material, printed for use by the cadets at West Point at the school’s lithographic press. Although a few of these works turn up individually in library catalogues (most notably in the CATALOGUE OF THE UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY compiled in 1876, which lists some of the titles collectively and individually), most were issued in very limited numbers solely for the use of cadets at the Military Academy, and consequently all are very rare. The volume in hand thus presents a trove of specimens from one of the most interesting early American lithographic presses. Little is known about the school’s lithographic establishment, founded in 1831, but one can surmise that George Aspinwall, whose name appears as lithogra- pher on the final two works in this collection, was hired to meet the school’s need for detailed, well illustrated instruction manuals. An article, “Tentative List of Textbooks Used in the United States Military Academy 1802-1902,” published in the CENTENNIAL OF THE UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY...1802-1902 (GPO, 1904), includes only some of the titles present here, at times listing them under the famed military educator, Capt. D.H. Mahan, and sometimes with later dates of publication, indicating likelihood that these books were reprinted over the years.

The technical subject matter covered in these books is fascinating, and illustrative of the increasingly professional nature of military training and of West Point. As Barton Hacker has noted: “Pursuing the art of war could now begin from a solid base, the underlying principles codified as military science to be taught in the classroom....” At West Point the 1830s brought a new era in the course of study, based on the experiences of Capt. Mahan in France, which gave rise to the courses of study exemplified in these manuals. Michael Twyman has detailed the operations of the British lithographic press at Chatham and the French military lithographers at Metz. The latter certainly served as the model for Mahan, who introduced similar practices to West Point.

Besides their significance for military science, engineering, and architecture, these works are specimens of American lithography, produced at a relatively early date, with much skill and attention to detail. Although all quite rare, they were plainly works of great influence, since they would have been studied by all West Point graduates of the era, many of them men who shaped American history over the coming decades.

This volume was owned and compiled by Gen. Joseph Hooker, a skillful military commander and an ambitious officer, who graduated from West Point in 1837. It would seem that he had these manuals bound up while he was at West Point, or perhaps soon after his graduation, and thus preserved copies of the actual textbooks he used as a student. Upon graduation, Hooker served in Florida, the Northeast, and at West Point, until finding his first professional success during the Mexican War. In that conflict “he performed so superbly both as a staff and combat officer that he received three brevet promotions, the final one to lieutenant colonel. No other northern commander of the coming Civil War emerged from the Mexican conflict with a better record or higher reputation than Hooker” (ANB). In the 1840s he was transferred to Sonoma, California, but became disenchanted by military life and resigned in 1853, engaging in ranching and business, dabbling in politics, and incurring a large personal debt. In 1861 he applied to be reinstated to the army, and was appointed brigadier general by Lincoln. Hooker distinguished himself at several battles, including Seven Days, Second Manassas, Sharpsburg, and Fredericksburg, and he earned the sobriquet, “Fighting Joe Hooker.” In January 1863, Lincoln elevated him to commander of the Army of the Potomac. Hooker resigned the commission in mid-1863 following a defeat at the hands of Lee and Jackson at Chancellorsville, but went on to distinguish himself in Tennessee and as a commander in Wil- liam T. Sherman’s march through the South, despite the fact that he and Sherman largely detested each other. Though Hooker’s name has come down through history associated with excessive drink and licentiousness, the truth about the man is much more complex, and his accomplishments are significant. One scholar has offered this balanced assessment of Hooker’s military abilities: “First, he had few equals and perhaps no superior among Union generals as a commander of a corps or any force he could personally supervise and inspire. Second, he was deficient, as revealed at Chancellorsville, in those qualities of mind and temperament needed to lead a large army in a successful offensive campaign against a foe as redoubtable as Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia. But, then, the only northern general who ever did so was Grant, and it took him a year and 100,000 casualties to do it. Thus it is quite possible that if Hooker had gone against any Con- federate army commander other than Lee, he would have garnered the glory he sought” (ANB).

The works are as follows:

1) NOTES SUPPLEMENTARY TO THE COURSE OF PERMANENT FORTIFICATION [caption title]. 26pp. plus two folding plates (one plate split with loss of half ). With pencil marginalia in Hooker’s hand. A detailed course on all manner and size of forts and fortifications, and how to attack and defend them. The final portion covers the intricacies of accurately drawing fortifications.

2) NOTE ON THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF FORTIFICATION TO THE DETERMINATION OF THE TRAÇÉ AND RELIEF OF A BASTIONED FRONT ON A HORIZONTAL PLANE OF SITE [caption title]. 52pp. plus five folding plates. With pencil underlining and marginal computations in Hooker’s hand. A highly technical manual on the drawing and construction of forts and fortifications.

3) PROBLEMS OF DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY REFERRED TO ONE PLANE OF PROJECTION. 20pp. plus two folding plates. With Hooker’s pencil notes on the verso of one of the plates. More consideration of the properties of forts, their construction, and their attack or defense, from a mathematical perspective.

4) NOTES ON THE ATTACK AND DEFENCE OF PERMANENT WORKS [caption title]. 36pp. plus four plates (three folding). An important early American manual on the science of warfare. Hooker has underlined several sections of this work, the ideas in which doubtless served him in good stead during the Civil War. The NUC locates copies at The New York Public Library and Harvard. Not at the Military Academy.

5) COMPOSITION OF ARMIES [caption title]. 36pp. plus folding plate. This manual contains sections on marches, battles, and convoys. The final section notes that “in our country we have a peculiar foe to contend against” and covers the elements of Indian warfare. Interestingly, parallels are drawn between the experiences of the Romans in invading Gaul and Britain and the challenges faced by the U.S. army in battling Indians. The NUC locates only the Harvard copy. The Military Academy has what seems to be another issue, with thirty-two pages and a folding plate.

6) NOTES ON MINES [caption title]. 40pp. plus two folding plates. Directions on constructing mines for use in military attacks. This work is particularly interesting in light of the participation in the Civil War of many of the cadets who studied these manuals. The NUC locates only one copy, at Harvard, and there is a copy at the Military Academy.

7) OUTLINES OF THE COURSE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING [caption title]. 172pp. including in-text illustrations and two plates, plus one folding plate. [with:] SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES MASONRY. 15pp. [with:] NOTE 2. THEORY OF THE PRESSURE AND STABILITY OF ARCHES. 14pp. [with:] NOTE 3. THEORY OF THE PRESSURE OF VOUSSOIRS AND THE STABILITY OF CENTERS. 3pp. [with:] NOTE 4. THEORY OF PILE DRIVING. 4pp. [with:] NOTE 5. METHODS OF GAUGING WATER COURSES. 13pp. Hooker has written his name twice on the first page of the first manual, and his pencil notes are found throughout. The note on arches includes an entire blank leaf filled with Hooker’s notes and mathematical computations. Civil engineering is one of the core plans of study at West Point, as is evident from the lengthy textbook and supplemental material covered here. The manuals are elaborately illustrated with in-text illustrations and cover roads, bridges, waterways, and more, with extensive sections on the materials used in their construction.

8) NOTE ON MOVEABLE MILITARY BRIDGES [caption title]. 15pp. including illustrations. One full-page plate shows the construction of a rope bridge, and several in-text illustrations demonstrate the engineering aspects of the construction of moveable bridges made of wood and other materials.

9) NOTE ON ARCHITECTURE [caption title]. 16pp. plus nine plates. On last page: “Lith. by Geo. Aspinwall 1834- 35.” A survey of classic architecture and architectural terms, with plates depicting Greek and Roman columns. This manual demonstrates the concern of West Point in educating its officers in non-military engineering, with most of the text devoted to the orders of classical architecture. A significant American architectural rarity, not in Hitchcock. The NUC locates one copy, at NNC.

10) GUNPOWDER [caption title]. [2],8pp. On last page: “Lith. by Geo. Aspinwall. 1835.” These notes were printed “to supply a deficiency in the Chemical text book.” They relate to the chemical principles of the composition and decomposi- tion of gunpowder, and avoid the technical details of its manufacture, which were covered in the course on Pyrotechny. CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY OF THE UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY (Newburgh, 1876), passim. GENERALS IN BLUE, pp.233-35. ANB 11, pp.133-34. MICHAEL TWYMAN, EARLY LITHOGRAPHED BOOKS (London, 1990), especially pp.60-75, 318-27, “Military Manuals: the presses at Chatham and Metz.” Hacker, “Engineer- ing a New Order: Military Institutions, Technical Education, and the Rise of the Industrial State” in TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 34(1), Jan. 1993. Ford, “Charles S. Storrow, Civil Engineer: A Case Study of European Training and Technological Transfer in the Antebellum Period” in TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 34(2), April 1993. $22,500. Wilkinson on the Burr Conspiracy

88. [Wilkinson, James]: MEMOIRS OF GENERAL WILKINSON. VOLUME II [all published]. Washington: Printed for the Author, 1811. [6],[3]-18,[3]-99,[1],136pp. Modern half morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Two titlepages and advertisement leaf supplied from another copy and washed. Contemporary gift inscription and ownership signature on front fly leaves. Evenly tanned. A very good copy, untrimmed.

Second issue of this very rare pre-issue of Wilkinson’s MEMOIRS..., with the added titlepage, “Burr’s conspiracy exposed....” Only this “Volume II” was ever issued in this format. According to the Advertisement for the book, Wilkinson was compelled to print this single volume of his MEMOIRS... “to meet the torrent of vilification” against him as a result of his involvement in the Burr conspiracy. “This book was issued by Wilkinson in his own vindication, and also as a reply to Daniel Clark, who had endeavored to prove that Wilkinson was corrupt, and had been concerned with Burr” – Tompkins. This is Wilkinson’s first public statement on the Burr Conspiracy, and is an entirely different book from what eventually appeared as the second volume of his MEMOIRS... in 1816. It is also exceedingly rare. STREETER SALE 1700. TOMPKINS 107. SABIN 104028. HOWES W428. $4500.

A Remarkable Japanese Publication About Pearl Harbor, Issued in English in the Midst of War

89. [World War II]: [Pearl Harbor Attack]: SPECIAL ATTACK FLOTILLA. Tokyo: Japan Times, 1942. [8],82,[1]pp. plus frontispiece and twenty-three pages of photographs. Half title. Quarto. Original green cloth, gilt, with two string ties. Minor sunning at edges, light wear along spine and front joint. Internally clean and bright. Very good.

First and only edition of a very rare volume of Japanese propaganda, curiously published in English at the height of the battle for the Pacific in World War II. Subtitled BUSHIDO IN THE WAR OF GREATER EAST ASIA on the half title, it is a tribute to the nine Japanese sailors who launched an undersea attack on the United States fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941 in a “Special Attack Flotilla” of two-man “midget” submarines. None of them survived. The sailors were treated as heroes and the text is nothing short of worshipful of the “Hero Gods.” Includes a fantastic account of the attack, biographies of each of the crew members and skippers, the text of their final letters to their families, an interview with the Japanese Chief of the Naval Press Section of the Imperial Headquarters by Japanese novelist Eiji Yoshikawa, and more. The closing text advises: “The end of the War of Greater East Asia is still far off. In order to gain a final victory, the present total war must be fought with unflagging energy to a finish, and for this purpose the nation must form an even firmer resolution to gain complete mastery of all seas.” It is not at all clear why this work was published in English, as the colophon, printed in Japanese at the end of the text, warns that it is not for sale; this warning does not appear in English anywhere in the book. OCLC locates only six copies (three in the United States). OCLC 3530134, 12420612. $3750.

The Official Army Map of the Wounded Knee Massacre

90. [Wounded Knee Massacre]: SCENE OF THE FIGHT WITH BIG FOOT’S BAND. DEC 29th 1890. SHOW- ING POSITIONS OF TROOPS WHEN FIRST SHOT WAS FIRED FROM SKETCHES MADE BY LIEUT. S.A. CLOMAN, ACT’G ENGR. OFFICER, DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI. [N.p. 1891]. Blueprint map, 12½ x 14 inches. Older folds, some minor wear. Light fading at right edge. Near fine.

Battle plan of the Wounded Knee Massacre, showing the location of troops and the Indian camp, as well as the geographic features of the area. Wounded Knee was the last of the major conflicts with the Sioux and the effectual end to the Indian Wars. On the morning of Dec. 29, 1890 the U.S. 7th Cavalry attempted to disarm a band of Sioux Indians whom they had rounded up the previous day. In the process, a gun went off and the cavalry opened fire, kill- ing about 300 Sioux, most of them women and children. Several cavalrymen were also killed, both by the Indians and by friendly fire. The map was drawn by Private James Hade of the 6th Cavalry. $2500.

Rare Work on American Agriculture

91. [Young, Arthur]: AMERICAN HUSBANDRY. CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF THE SOIL, CLIMATE, PRODUCTION AND AGRICULTURE, OF THE BRITISH COLONIES IN NORTH-AMERICA AND THE WEST-INDIES; WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SETTLING IN THEM, COMPARED WITH GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. By an American. London: Printed for J. Bew, 1775. Two volumes. [4],472; [4],319,[16]pp. Half title in each volume. Original drab boards and paper spines, text untrimmed. Some chipping and wear to spines, boards lightly soiled. Leather book label on front cover of first volume, armorial bookplate on front pastedown of second volume. Minor scattered foxing, but generally quite clean internally. Very good. In chemises and a cloth slipcase, gilt leather labels.

This interesting work is sometimes attributed to Arthur Young, an important writer of agricultural books, and the style and subject matter coincide with another work by him about America. Young was not very familiar with American conditions and tended to rely on secondary material. The book includes discussions of agriculture in Georgia, the Carolinas, Virginia, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New England, Louisiana, Illinois, and Ohio. Tobacco growing is discussed, as is corn, buckwheat, rice, indigo, hemp, silk, and other products. The section on Louisiana is relatively favorable, with descriptions borrowed from Le Page du Pratz. Includes an extensive section on Florida (second volume, pp.42-61), describing it variously as “wretched,” “to be condemned,” “barren,” “sandy,” etc. On the whole the work tends to discour- age emigration to America, pointing out all the deficiencies of American farming, disadvantages to the potential emigrant, etc. The author is most positive about the West Indies, however, describing the Bahamas, Barbados, and other islands in glowing terms. “A survey of agricultural possibilities, achievements and methods, with extensive observations on deficiencies in the management of American agriculture” – Bell. Scarce. HOWES Y16. SABIN 106062. BELL A171. SERVIES 518. $4500.