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peivkJJuwAOwaSpaoUj yuni puews r/V G]PUd - uWedUewOuG3W Nawueouwd3 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A Grand TrunkRoad Improvement Project

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1 CONTRACT PACKAGESOF TNHP AND GTRIP ...... 1 TABLE 2 PROPOSEDIMPROVEMENTS- PACKAGE IV A ...... 2 TABLE 3 ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT PLAN ...... : : :.: 7 TABLE 4 PROPOSEDTRAINING PROGRAM UNDER GTRIP ...... 36 TABLE 5 NATIONALAMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS...... __...... 38 TABLE 6 INDIAN STANDARDDRINKING WATER SPECIFICATION-IS 10500:1991 ...... 39 TABLE 7 NOISE LEVEL STANDARDS(CPCB) ...... 41 TABLE 8 ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING PLAN ...... 42 TABLE 9 SUMMARY BILL OF QUANTITIESFOR SPECIFIC ENHANCEMENTLOCATIONS ...... 44 TABLE 10 BILL OF QUANTITIESFOR TYPICAL ENHANCEMENTELEMENTS ...... 45 TABLE 11 ENVIRONMENTALBUDGET FOR CONTRACT PACKAGE IV A ...... 48 TABLE 12 GRADED STONE AGGREGATE...... 55 TABLE 13 GRADING OF FINE AGGREGATE...... 56 TABLE 14 GRADING OFSAND FOR USEIN MASONRYMORTAR AS PER IS: 2116 ...... 57 TABLE 15 GRADING OF SAND FOR USE IN PLASTER AS PER IS: 1542 ...... 57 TABLE 16 ELONGATIONPERCENTAGE OF MILD STEELBARS ...... 57 TABLE 17 PHYSICAL PROPERTIESOF MILD STEELBARS ...... 58 TABLE 18 TOLERANCESFOR FORMWORK...... 58 TABLE 19 STRIPPINGTIME FOR FORM WORK ...... 59

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 METHODOLOGYAND TECHNIQUESFOR TREE TRANSPLANTATION APPENDIX 2 TREES FOR TRANSPLANTATION APPENDIX3 WELLS AND HAND PUMPSIDENTIFIED FOR ENHANCEMENT APPENDIX4 CULTURAL PROPERTIESTO BE RELOCATED APPENDIX5 LIST OF BORROWAREAS APPENDIX6 RECOMMENDEDQUARRY AREAS APPENDIX 7 WATER BODIESFOR ENHANCEMENT APPENDIX 8 PROPOSED TRUCK PARKINGLAY-BYES ALONG THE GRAND TRUNK ROAD APPENDIX9 MAJOR AND MINOR JUNCTIONS IDENTIFIEDFOR ENHANCEMENT APPENDIX 10 LANDSCAPE PLANS APPENDIX 11 NOISE MITIGATION LOCATIONS APPENDIX 12 TABLE OF PROPOSED BUS STOPS ALONGGRAND TRUNK ROAD APPENDIX 13 CULTURAL PROPERTIESIDENTIFIED FOR TYPICAL ENHANCEMENT APPENDIX 14 CULTURAL PROPERTIES IDENTIFIEDFOR SPECIFIC ENHANCEMENTS APPENDIX 15 REPORTINGSYSTEM

Ita ALtCrMis EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk RoadImprovement Project

LIST OF DRAWINGS

Specific Enhancement Drawinas 1 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF TEMPLE IVA/317,45VRMII 2 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF RELIGIOUS POND IVA/9.5VRM/2 3 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF TEMPLE AND POND . IVA/25.6VRMI3 4 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF MAZARAND POND lVA/28.3VRM14 5 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF DARGAH IVA123.7/5 6 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF POND IVAI25.816 7 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF POND IVA132.317 8 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF RELIGIOUSPOND IVAI41.618 9 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF MAZAR IVA/NBP/9 10 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF TEMPLE IVA148.8110 11 DESIGN FOR ENHANCEMENTOF POND IVA149.7111

Typical Enhancement Drawings

1 PREVENTINGDIRECT ACCESS T - 1 2 RAMPEDACCESS T - 2 3 STEPPEDACCESS T - 3 4 SEDIMENTATIONCHAMBER T - 4 5 CASCADES T- 5 6 CHAINLINKFENCING T - 6 7 BARRIERTO PREVENTGARBAGE DUMPING T - 7 a HANDPUMPTYPEI T - 8 9 HANDPUMPTYPE 2 AND TYPE3 T - 9 10 NOISE BARRIERTYPEI AND TYPE2 T- 10 11 CONCEPTUALDESIGN OF STRUCTURALNOISE BARRIER T - 11 12 SEATINGARRANGEMENT T - 12 13 NOISE BARRIER(CONCEPTUAL) T- 13 14 OILINTERCEPTOR T- 14 15 PLANTER DETAIL T- 15 16 GABION STRUCTUREFOR SLOPEPROTECTION T - 16 17 GEOTEXTILEDETAIL T - 17 18 SEATINGAROUND TREE 1(TYPE1 & 2) T - 18 19 SEATING AROUND TREE2(TYPE 3 & 4) T - 19 20 SEATINGAROUND TREE 3(TYPE5 & 6) T - 20 21 SEATINGAROUND TREE 4(TYPE 7 & 8) T - 21 22 WELL SHAFTTOUCHING THE DITCH T - 22 23 WELL SHAFT WITHIN EMBANKMENT . T-23 A 24 WELL SHAFTWITHIN EMBANKMENT T-23 B 25 RECHARGINGPIT FOR URBANDRAINS T - 24 26 WASHING PLATFORMAT THE EDGEOF THE POND T - 25 27 STORAGEAREA FOR OIL AND GREASE T - 26 28 PAVING T- 27 29 RAILINGDETAIL T - 28 30 LAYOUTFOR CONSTRUCTIONCAMP T - 29 31 WASTE DUMPINGSITE T - 30 32 CANOPY T- 31 33 LAYOUTOF BUSBAY T- 32 34 DESIGN FOR BUS 6TOP T - 33 35 DETAIL OF BUS STOP STRUCTURE T - 34 36 SLOPE PROTECTIONDETAILS T - 35 37 BRICK PITCHING ON SLOPE T-35 A

I Cw,-ht List of Noise mitigation drawinqs

NM - 4A - 1 Noise Mitigation for Ganga Ram Memorial hospital at Km. 12.200 (South) NM - 4A -. 2 Noise Mitigation for Primary.school in katriya (Chandoli) at Km. 19.700 (North) NM - 4A - 3 Noise Mitigation for Senior Basic Vidyalaya Ganga Basni at Km. 23.200 (South) NM - 4A - 4 Noise Mitigation at Yamuna Shikjhad sansthan km 27.400 (North) NM - 4A - 5 Noise Mitigation at Green English school kartilo Km 27.400 (South) NM - 4A - 6 Noise Mitigation for Puruvai madyamic vidyalaya chandoli km 31.400 (North) NM - 4A - 7 Noise Mitigation for Primary school chandoli Km. 37.900 (South) Envkonerital ManagwrartPlan - Pac*ageIVA GrandTn,n* Road In,amrnent Projet

1.1 INTRODUCTION The National Highway-2 (NH-2) connecting Delhi with Kolkata is one of the most important high- densitycomidors in the country.The existinghighway is a two - lane carriagewaywith traffic bottlenecks and various highway deficiencies. To cater to the existing high vohlme of traffic, there is an urgent need for capacity augmentation of this highway.

The Govemment of India (Gol), acting through the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), a part of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MRTH) is improving the Agra - Dhanbad porbon of the NH-2 with assistance from the World Bank. To facilitate the project preparation, the corridor stretch has been divided into five packages. Intematonal consultants have been appointed for the planning and design of each of these five packages, each about 200km lon g. Each contract package has been further divided into several contract packages.

The 1400km long NH-2 falls in the Upper Gangetc Plain in northem India and traverses through the states of Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. As part of the Delhi-Kolkata segment of the Golden Quadrilateral, the Delhi-Agra section (210km) at the west end, and Barwa Adda - Kolkata section (278km) at the east end of the NH-2 have already been 44aned with assistance from the ADB. For project preparation, the Agra-Barwa Adda secfion was divided inko 16 contract packages. Eight of the 16 contract packages were selected for Third National Highway Project (TNHP) (Table 1), depending on the project preparedness, progress on land acquisition and utility relocation. Of the remaining eight packages, seven are proposed to be taken up under the Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project (GTRIP). The Allahabad bypass (Contract Package Itt-B) has not been included as part of TNHP or GTRIP, wilt be taken up subsequently for constuction by NHAI wthh funding from the WB.

Table I Contract Packages of TNHP and GTRIP

Coutract From TO LandiV f Pacge (hage) (cae) (i PartofPrect

I-A Agra- Shikohabd 199.660 25.800 S0.840 GTRIP I-a Shikohabd- EtowahBypa (art) 20.00 307.500 69.020 GTRIP Etwahbypass 307.500 321.100 13.60 E1awahbypas I-C Etawshi pas (eM)- Shognipur 321.100 393.0 71025 GTP I1-A Ska B hair-t 393-000 470000 61600 TNHP t - B Shaunti- Fatbpur B3order 470D. 38.000 61.330 OTRIP 1I-C Fate Border-rx 38.000 115.000 77.000 TNHP 1i1-A Khaw Koklyal 115.000 158D00 43.000 TNKP 111-B Kokhro- PaharpurVwge 158.000 245.000 87.000 Ahaed 8ypa Il- C Paharpurviage -Raja Ta4b 245.000 317.000 72.000 TNHP V -A RajaTalab - Mohana 317. 000 D76100GTPiP IV -B Moaia-Sasma bypass 65.000 110.000 45.000 TNHP IV-C Sasarwnbypass 110.000 140.000 31.100 GTRPP IV-D SoneRivwr-Atuangabed 140.000 180.000 40.000 TNHP V-A Auraiabad - Ranigail 180.000 240.000 60.00 TNHP V- B Ranlganj- Barakatha 240.000 32D.000 81.570 GTRiP V-C Barak* - BmaAdda (Dharbad) 320.000 398.750 78.750 TNHP Totl GTRiP 42Z780 Soune:NHAN, 2ao This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) pertains to Contract Package IV A, between Raja Talab and Mohania.

______L.a~~ee--Ik - AsociOn Environmenta/ Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

The EMP is an integral part of the Contract Document. The conditions stipulated by MoEF, SPCB and other Government Agencies on NHAI would also be a part of the Contract.

1.2 PROJECTDESCRIPTICN Package IV A starts at km 317.000 and ends at km65.000 in Mohania at Durgawati. In between, it passes through Varanasi bypass (km 318.942 - km 21.270) crossing River Ganga at km 15.000, Jagdish Sarai at km 29.000, Chandauli at km 32.000, Saidraja at km 41.000, Naubatpur at km 46.000. UP/ Bihar border at km 47.000 and Durgawati at km 58.000. The traffic volumes along the corridor are projected to be 70,693 PCUs by 2015 AD. A divided four- lane carriageway with overlay (for Varanasi Bypass) and flexible pavement has been proposed. Two carriageways of 7.25m each have been provided separated with' a 5.Om wide median. A 2.5m wide shoulder has been provided with at least 1.5m paved. Median has been narrowed down to 1.5m at bridge approaches to save earthwork costs. The proposed improvements planned as part of the GTRIP are presented in Table 2. -

Table 2 Proposed Improvements - Package IV A

E E~ p_i E- w~~~~~~S1 X E

_ ! l 0 04 0~fltu. m 4) 4)04, U- O~ 2. O. fLU UJC>fc (C i XLLu (A 0 100.000 102.000 U 2x7.25 1.5 2x1.5 2x1.0 6.6 W(.5 2x.5 102.000 103.500 U 2x7.25 1.2 2x1.5 2x1.0 103.500 114.150 U 2x7.25 1.2 2x1.5 2x1.0 2x1.0 6.5 2x2.5 114.150 114.250 R 2x7.25 5.0 2x1.5 201.0

114.250 114.575 Toll Station _ 114.575 119.400 U 2x7.25 1.2 2x1.5 2xl.0 119.400 123.200 U 2x7.25 1.2 2x1 5 2x1.0 2x1.0 6.5 2x2.5 123.200 124.500 U 2x7.25 1.2 2x1.5 2xt.0 124.500 130.850 U 2x7.25 1.2 2x1.5 2x1.0 2x1.0 6.5 2x2.5 130.850 131.000 U 2x7.25 1 2 2x1.5 2x1.0 131.000 132.100 R 2x7.25 1.5 2(1.5 2x1.5 132 100 138.800 R 2x7.25 5.0 2x1.5 2x1.0 _ 138.800 143.800 U 2x7.25 1.5 2x1.5 2x1.0 5.5 2x2.5 2x2.5 143.800 153.750 R 2x7.25 5.0 2x1.5 2x1.0 153 750 156.200 U 2x7.25 1.5 2x1.5 2x10 9.0 2x2.5 2x2.5 156.200 156.800 R 2x7.25 5.0 2x1.5 2x1 0 156.800 167.975 R 2x7.25 1.5 2x1.5 2x1.5 158.075 158.750 R 2(.25 5.0 2x1.5 2 5_ 158.750 159.250 R 2x7.25 5.0 2x1.5 2x1.0 159.250 159.950 U 2x7.25 1.5 2x1.5 2x1.0 5.5 2x2.5 2x2.5 159.950 167.500 R 2x7.25 5.0 2x1.5 2x1.0 167 500 168.825 R 2x7.25 5.0 2(1.5 _ 21.5 _ _ 168.825 169.275 U 2x7.25 1.5 2x1.5 2x1.0 5.5 2x2.5 2I2.5 169.275 176.168 R 2x7.25 5.0 2(1.5 2(1.0 _ Source: Compiled From DPR of Package IVA, NHAI.

I..ea Assocites 271~ 2 -~~~ "--~~~~~~ ~~~ \~~~ \ \-~~~~~~~ KEY MAP

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-Project Corridor

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MMITh All Chainaiges are according to PUD. chainages.-

GRANDTRUNK ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT I MGFD25i.mX251r-

I '~~~~ MAP SHOWINGCONTRACT PACKAGE - [VA []IL.mmA..OCh. othAl v Ld u Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project 1.3 MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE EA

1.3.1 AIR Highest concentrationsof SPM, CO and NO, are predictedfor the beginningof Package IV A (km 317.000-319.000). This urbanisedstretch on the initial few kilometresof VRM bypassis the only stretch where CO levels are likely to exceedthe 2000 pg/m3 limit for residentialarea at 25 m on either side of the corridor. The valuesfor NOx are likely to exceedthe limit of 80 pg/M3 in 2025A.D., whereasin 2015A.D., the valueswill exceedthe limit only within 25 m from centreline. All the other urbansections but for Chandauliare beingbypassed by the project.

1.3.2 WATER: HYDROLOGYAND DRAINAGE Since the soil type is sandy loam, the natural drainage of the area in general is good. Drainage structures in the urbanisedareas are either non-existentor completely choked.In urbanisedareas the road was observedto be laid at the groundlevel and at some places it is belowthe HFL resulting in overtopping.The problemis acute in the Naubatpurand Saidraja areas due to domestic and commercialwaste water being let out on the corridor.This stretchof the corridor is being bypassed and hencefurther degradationis avoided. The Drainagesystem betweenKaimur Rangeand flood planesof UP and Bihar faces severefloods. Such floods have been experiencedthrice in last 15 years. Particularlythe stretch betweenriver Karamanasaand river Durgawatigets flooded in every five or six years during monsoons.On the existing alignment there are 2 two lane bridges Karamanasaat km 47.000 and Durgawatiat km 58.000. The carriageway has been elevated by 1.0m to 1.5m within the urban areas to provide better drainage. Cross drainage structures have been examinedfor their hydraulicadequacy and further improvementsor new structureshave been proposedin the engineeringdesign to solve the drainage problemsalong the alignment.

1.3.3 LAND The NH-2 in this packagetraverses over the highlyfertile Indo-Gangeticplain. With provisionof three bypassesat Syed Raja, Naubatpurand Dirkhil,the acquisitionof land will be a significantissue since these tracts of productivesoil will be put out of use permanently.32.55ha of productiveagricultural land needsto be acquiredfor the bypassand 12.97haof agriculturalland to be taken up for widening alongthe existing alignment. Slope stability is a problem at high embankmentareas. Soil erosion againstside slopes is a local problem.It has been adequatelyaddressed through good engineeringdesigns. Borrow areasfor the projecthas been proposedmostly on non-productivelands. Redevelopmentof these areasafter the borrowingneeds to be adequatelyaddressed in the project.

1.3.4 NOISE For Package IV A, the highest noise values are predictedaround Jagdishsaraiand Chandauli(km 31.000 - 33.000) with highestlevels around 84.5 dB(A).A raise of nearly 15 dB(A) is predictedfor this package. The other high levels are expectednear settlements of Dirkhili (km 62.000 - 63.000), Karmanasha(km 48.000). The lowestlevels are predictedto occur alongthe VRM-bypassand from km 49.000 to km. 52.000. In 2025 A.D., it is predictedthat the noise levels at many placeswithin 25

I ea 4ssctatPe 3 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project m from the carriagewaywill be as high as 84 dB (A). Even as far as 500 m from the centerline.the noise levels will remaihat around63 dB (A), 8 dB (A) abovethe daytimelevels for residentialareas.

1.3.5 FLORA Landon either side is agriculturalor rural/residential.No endangeredflora specieshas beenreported along the highway. There is no reserve forest or protectedforest along the project corridor. The impact of removal of trees howevershould be a concern.The roadsideplantation in the state of Uttar Pradesh,declared as protectedForests, will needto be clearedfor the project.A total of 15200trees within the existing RoW need to be felled for the project.This will causetemporary inconvenience to the rmadusers due to loss of shadetrees.

1.3.6 FAUNA Domesticatedanimals constitute the major proportionof faunal density in the area. No wild life reservedforest; nationalpark or RecreationPark is underthe influencearea of the projectpackage 4A. Some water bodies abutting the highway do serve as a temporary/permanenthabitat for the migratoryor even residentavifauna.

1.3.7 HUMANUSE VALUES The dominantland use along the highway is agricultural.The major crops grownare wheat, maize, rice and pulses. 52.47haof land needsto be acquiredout of which 45.52ha will be agriculturalland. It is envisagedthat the agriculturalland alongthe highwaywill get convertedto industrial/commercial use to realise the value of the improvedconnectivity of the area. A total of 7 schools/collegesand 6 office buildings abut the road. The proposed widening and strengtheningwill affect roadside amenitiesand some locationswill be more vulnerablethan before.Apart from these, 26 wells and 6 handpumps are gettingimpacted and some of thesehave to be relocated.Increased vehicular speed along the highway will subject the residents of fringe areas of the road to increasedrisk from speedingvehicles.

1.3.8 INDUCEDIRIBBONDEVELOPMENT Varanasi city's present concentrationtrend is to the north of NH-2. A bypass (VRM bypass) has recently come up circumventing two more settlements nearby: Ram nagar and Mughal Sarai. Analysisof developmenttrends along bypassesin other cities along NH-2indicates that Varanasiwill also register a decadalgrowth rate of 2.60% to 3.0% in the area betweenthe prior NH-2 and the bypasswithin the design period. The VRM junctiontowards the east end of the bypasshas attracted settlementconcentration. All the settlementsto the west of the city will be engulfedas a part of the urban agglomeration.In general all the settlementsalong the corridorare predictedto experiencea sudden boomin activity and populationwith the start of operationof the 4/6 lane NH-2.

1.3.9 CULTURALPROPERTIES There are no sites designatedas 'Protected Monuments'protected by the ArchaeologicalSurvey of India along PackageIV A. However,there are 15 small religiousstructures along the corridorof local significance.The detaileddrawings of the measuressuggested and the associatedBills of Quantities form a part of this EMP.

I ea Ssto s

4 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

1.3.10 QUALITY OF LIFE VALUES The proiect is expected to bring in substantial improvement in connectivity along the corridor. This will bring an influx of opportunities, ideas, materials, employment and movement. Thus an improvement in quality of life of the region is predicted. Presently, the traffic conditions are characterised by mixed traffic with bullock carts and high-speed truck jostling for space on the highway. These combinations create hazardous conditions for all the road users. With segregation of local and through traffic. by the provision of service lanes, flyovers, etc. the project will have a beneficial effect on road safety. However, real safety concerns have been raised with reference to the children using the highway to get to the numerous schools and other educational institutions that have direct access opening on to the NH-2.

1.3.11 RESETTLEMENT A total of 1089 families will be affected of whom 842 will be displaced. The entitlement framework of the GTRIP provides for distinct entitlements and assistance for each category of the displaced families/ persons. For details refer the Consolidated RAP Report and the RAP for Package IV A.

1.4 SUMMARYOF CRITICALIMPACTS I ISSUES Issue Description Removal of road side trees | A total of 15200 trees need to be removed to accommodate the RoW Loss of productive top soil Acquistion of 45.52 ha of productive agricultural land is required High Air pollution levels Start of the VRM Bypass High noise levels Jagdish sarai and Chandauli Dralnage and Floodi Naubatpur, Saidraja

1.5 ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT MEASURES PROPOSED A description of the various management measures during the various stages of the project is provided in the following sections.

1.5.1 PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE During the pre-construction stage, the management measures required will include, the clearance of the RoW, transplantation of the candidate trees identified, the measures for protecting/replacing community resources such as hand pumps and other utilities likely to be impacted. Their enhancement shall also be completed before construction actually starts so that the community can start using these while the construction activity begins.

1.5.2 CONSTRUCTION STAGE This will be the most crucial and active stage for the Environmental Management Plan. In addition to the monitoring of the construction activity itself to ensure that the environment is not impactod beyond permissible limits, the enhancement of cultural properties, mitigation and enhancement measures for water bodies will go on simultaneously as the construction progresses. To facilitate implementation qf the enhancement and mitigation measures suggested, working drawings of the same are provided in the Appendices. In addition, the need for a balanced evaluation and planning for risks associated with construction activities related to roads such as accidental spillages and consequent damage to the surrounding environment in terms of loss of flora and fauna, agricultural crop or worse fertile land, continues to

ea- AWsmiat

5 Environmernal Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project grow in importance.Other possiblelocations where a risk assessment'will be useful include the locationsof Hot Mix plants(spillage of fuel, bitumenetc) and labour-campsites.

1.5.3 OPERATIONSTAGE The operation stage will essentiallyentail monitoringactivity along the corridor. The monitoringfor pollutants specified in the MonitoringPlan will serve the two purposes.In additionto checking the efficacy of the protection/mitigation/enhancementmeasures implemented,this will help verify or refute the predictions made as a part of the impact assessment2. Thus, it will complete a very importantfeedback loop for the NHAI. The measures adoptedand/or to be adoptedduring the differentstages of the project have been detailedin Table 3. The responsibilityfor implementationand supervisionof EMPsare vestedwith four agencies,namely Contractors,NHA!, PIU'and Engineers.The Contractcrsherein mean the agencyhired for execution of the constructionworks for the respectivecontract packages.NHAI would be the implementation agencyat two levels one at Centrereferred as NHAIand the otherat Packagelevel namedas PIU, in the EMP.The term engineerrefers to the SupervisionConsultant.

While risk management here deals exclusively with the physical environment, the Resettlement Action Plan addresses equally real risks on the socio-economicaspects. Contingency Planningmay be adopted to set aside resources for the events for which there is no way of predicting severity and probability of occurrence with any great degree of confidence. Normally fixed proportionof the emergency response resource allocation is kept always on stand-by to counter such a situation. The inputs from this and other projects of similar nature will help improve the quality of the environmental management plans in subsequent projects or modify any future activities along this highway too. Risk Management during the operation phase of the project almost exclusively deals with the accidents of vehicles carrying fuel or other hazardous materials. At this stage too, a dispassionate weighing up of the severity and probability is a must to ensure that neither too many nor too few resources such as personnel, vehicles or communication facilities are available to tackle the situation whenever it arises.

I ea SSiat.t

6 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Table 3 Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Referenceto I 6 Responsibility MittgationMeasures Contract Locations Time Frame Impact/Issue i Documents' Implementation Supervision

P-1.0: Pre-constructionStaae P.1 1 | Treeswill be removedfrom the Corridorof Impact(or, Before Removalof tsite, in other words) before the commencementof Legal Corridoroflmpact. Construction I Contractor PIU NHAI Trees Construction with prior clearance from the Forest requirement starts. IDepartrnent. _.. . _.. _ _ Treesidentified, as candidatesfor transplantation,shall trees selectedby be transplanted at available incidental spaces. The the SC fromnthelist Beforethe site is SpecialContractor/ P.1.2Tree transplantation shall be completed prior to the Project thenSnrmtenist Before rth SpencilobntractUr/ Transplantation commencementof the construction.The methodology requirement givenin Appendix2 handedover to Agencyto be identified PIU, NHAI and tchniqesadpted tobeor trnsplatatio areshall be consideredfor the contractor, for this purpose and techniques to be adopted for transplantationare taslnain presentedin Appendix1 of this report. transplantabon. The acquisition of land and privateproperties shall be NGOs Collaborating carried out in accordanceto the RAP and entitlement Agencies p.1.3 | Frameworkfor the project. It shall be ensuredthat all PIU, NHAI, Grievance P.n.d R&R activities be reasonably completed before the RAP and Before RedressalCells (GRC) Landand construction activity starts, on any sub-section of Project Corridorof impact construction District Level PIU, NHAI Property projectroads. requirement. starts Committee(DLC) Acquisition All grievancesof the EPs will be reasonablyredressed, C irtee(DC in accordanceto the RAP implementationmechanism Distritiesei suggestedfor the project. I authorities All utilities will be relocatedwith prior approval of the Before Ut.y mconcernedagencies. Relocation will be reasonably Project I Referutility relocation construct PIU, NHAI, PIU Relocation completebefore construction starts, on any sub-section requirement. drawings. starts. ConstructionAgencies. e of the projectroad.

Someof themitigation measures are preventivein naturewhile someothers includeadditional measures in terms of environmentalconservation and involvephysical annd construciion work The ContractDocuments refer to thefollowing: Ministryot SurfaceTransport, Roads Wing (MoST),Government of India Specificationsfor Road and BridgeWorks (Third Revision,1995. Reprinted, 1998).Specific and generalconditions of the contract. sUnless otherwisestated, the Project Sitecovers area beyond the Corridorof Impaciand/or the RoW, such as borrowareas, access roads, service roads and equipmentstorage sites (MoST 306.3). 6 Time frame refersto the durationor instant of time whenthe mitigationmeasures vwill be taken. ReferEIA Reportof the projectfor requireddetails or Ihe variousmitigalion/management measures proposed. LeaAssociates 7 CZtr Environmental Management Ptan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

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All community utilities such as community sources of water will be replaced at appropriate locations. List of community Removal of The relocation of hand pumps at new locations shall be i RAP utilities as hand Before Design ConsLultants PIU to details provided in Drawing pumps, wells etc are construction Community Rcarried out in accordance requirement. PILJNHAI No. T - 8 or Drawing No. T - 9 as applicable provided in Appendix starts. Utility , The replacement will be reasonably complete before 3.

construction starts. All cultural properties within the Col shall be relocated I Refer list of cultural P 1.6: at suitable locations, as desired by the community.R Relocation of | Local Community meetings, facilitated by local NGOs, Design Consultants/ Cultural will be held to discuss relocation aspects, siting of r PIUgNHAIC Property structures etc. requirement 4. starts. Relocation will be complete before construction starts. l Advance notice, as per RAP shall be given to the Notice to be P.1.7 encroachers. For squatters needing relocation, all R&R served at least Clearance of activities will be undertaken. Entitlements, as per NHAI RAP Within RoW four months PIU, NHAI PIU Encroachment/ Entitlement Framework the GTRIP will be complete requirement. before Revenue Authorities squatters before construction starts, on any sub-section of project scheduled start roads. of construction. I: C-1.0: Construc tion Stage :_____:.__ C.1.1 T(a)Debris generated due to the dismantling of the MoST: 1126 Generation of existing pavement structure shall be suitably reused in Debris the proposed construction, subject to the suitability of the material and the approval of the Engineer, as follows: * The embankment fill materials shall be reused for proposed embankment. I MoST: 112 2 T the ThroughoutDuring Project ~ENGINEER, . The sub grade of the existing pavement shall be ContractorNI used as embankment fill material Cordor. Construction CotrctrAI. i The existing base and sub-base'shall be recycled| as sub-base of the new road | The existing bitumen surface can be utilized for the paving of cross roads, e,-cess roads, and paving, works in construction sites and camps, temporary traffic diversions, haulage routes etc.

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(b) Unutilisable debris material shall be suitably disposed off by the contractor, either for the filling up of borrow areas created for the project or at pre- designated dump locations, subject to the approval of the Engineer. * For the utilization of the residual spoils as a borrowl area fill material, the contractor shall ensure that the filled area is covered with a layer of preserved l topsoil as envisaged in C.1.2. of the EMP. I At locations identified for dumping of residual bituminous wastes, the dumping shall be carried out over a 60mm thick layer of rammed clay so as to eliminate the possibility of the leaching of the wastes into the ground water. The contractor shall ensure that the filled area is covered with a layer of preserved topsoil as suggested in Drawing No. T - 30. (c) All arrangement for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, where necessary will be considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the contractor as approved and directed by the Engineer. d) Bentonite Slurry or similar debris generated from pile driving or other construction activities shall be disposed such that it does not flow into the surface water bodies or form mud puddles in the area. Project C.1.2 - (a) The topsoil from all areas of cutting and all areas to Throughout Loss of Topsoil be permanently covered shall be stripped to a specified MoST: 300 Corridor, where depth of 150mm and stored in stockpiles. At least 10% productive land is of the temporarily acquired area shall be earmarked for acquired. During Engineer, PIU MoST Borrow areas Construction ContraCtOr [ NHAI. (b) The stockpile shall be designed such that the slope 305.3.9 identified for the does not exceed 1:2 (vertical to horizontal), and the height of the pile be restricted to 2m. To retain soil and I in Appendix 5.pe to allow percolation of water, the edges of the pile shall

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be protected by silt fencing as detailed out in typical Drewing No. T - 17. j MoST: (c)Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise loaded 305.3.3 and multiple handling will be kept to a minimum to i ensure that no compaction will occur. The stockpiles shall be covered with gunny bags or tarpaulin. (d) It shall be ensured by the contractor that the topsoil will not be unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or when in stockpiles. (e) Such stockpiled topsoil will be returned to cover the disturbed area and cut slopes. Residual topsoil will be I distributed on adjoining/proximate barren/rocky areas as identified by the Er-gineer in a layer of thickness of 75mm - 150mm. Top soil shall also be utilized for redevelopment of borrow areas, landscaping along slopes, medians, incidental spaces etc, (a) Construction vehicle, machinery and equipment : C.1.3 shall move or be stationed in-the designated area (RoW MoST: 112.6 Compaction of or Col, as applicable) only. While operating on Throughout Project | During Engineer, Soil temporarily acquired land for traffic detours, storage, Corridor and all areas Construction Contractor. PUNHAI material handling or any other construction related or MoST: temporarily acquired. | incidental activities, topsoil from agricultural land will be 305.2.2.2 preserved as mentioned above. C.4 Borrowing i(a)Arrangement for locating the source of supply of MoST: t - -- of Earth material for embankment and sub-grade as well as 305.2.2 2 compliance to environmental requirements in respect of excavation and borrow areas as stipulated, from time to Itime by the MoEF and the local bodies, as applicable, At all borrow area ishall be the sole responsibility of the contractor. I locations suggested During , Engineer, (b)No borrow area shall be opened without permission of I MoST: fortheprojectin Construction Conracor PIU,NHAI. the Engineer. The borrowing shall not be carried out in 305.2.2.2 Appendix 5. cultivable lands, unless and until, it shall be agreed upon by the Engineer that there is no suitable uncultivable land in the vicinity for borrowing, or there are private land owners willing to allow borrowing on their fields.

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(c)Borrowing of earth shall be carried out at locations MoST: 305.2 recommended in Appendix 5. Non Cultivable lands Borrowing of earth will be carried out upto a depth of 1.0 m from the existing ground level. Borrowing of earth shall not be done continuously. The slope of the edges shall be maintained not steeper then 1:4. Ridges of not less than 8m width shall be left at intervals not exceeding 300 m. Small drains shall be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to ,facilitate drainage * Productive lands: Borrowing of earth shall not be carried out on productive lands. However, in the event of borrowing from productive lands, the contractor has to obtain the prior permission of the Engineer. At such locations, the preservation of topsoil shall be carried out as envisaged in C.1.2. At such locations, the depth of borrow pits shall not exceed 45 cm and it may be dug out to a depth of not more than 30 cm after stripping the 15 cm top soil aside. * Elevated lands: At locations where private owners desire their fields to be leveled, the borrowing shall be done to a depth of not more than 1 m or upto the level of surrounding fields. Borrow Areas near Settlements: Borrow pit location shall be located at least 0.8 km from villages and settlements. If unavoidable, they should not be dug for more than 30 cm and should be drained. (d) The Contractor shall facilitate inspection of all borrow areas by the PIU, NHAI and satisfy the Engineer of the environmental compliance. Any nun-compliance shall be made good by the Contractor at his own cost. C.1.5 a) Borrow pits shall not be eug continuously in a stretch.l Degradation of The location, shape and size of the designated borrow MoST: All borrow areas. During Co t o Engineer, Borrow Areas areas shall be as approved by the Engineer and in 1 305.2.2.2 A Construction PIU,NHAI accordance to the IRC recommended practice for borrow

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pits for road embankments. b) Borrow pits shall be re-developed at such borrow locations, spoils shall be dumped with an overlay of MoST: 1111 stockpiled topsoil (as per the clauses of the EMP), in accordance with compliance requirements with respect to MoEF/UPSPCB (For the stretch in UP) and BSPCB (for the stretch in Bihar) guidelines. Redevelopment of borrow areas shall be taken up in accordance with the I plans approved by the Engineer's environmental specialist. ______C. 1.6 Soil a) On road embankment slopes, slopes of all cut, fill etc., Erosion shrubs and grass will be planted. On sections with high Design filling and deep cutting the side slopes will be graded requirement and covered with bushes and grass, etc., as per Ispecifications for stone pitching, grass and shrub given in the Bid Documents. b) In borrow pits, the depth of the pits shall be soa |regulated that the sides of the excavation will have a MoST: slope not steeper than 1 vertical to 4 horizontal, from the 305.2.2.2 edge of the final section of bank. . c) Along sections abutting water bodies, stone pitching Throughout Project needs to be carried out for slopes between lvertical: 4 Ccrridor, horizontal to 1 vertical to 2 horizontal as per typical MoST: 306.2 all borrow areas, During ContractorEngineer, details provided in Drawing Nc. T - 35 and Drawing No. service roads and Construction. PIU,NHAI. T - 35 A. Gabion structures shall be provided for slopes MoST 306.2 equipment storage steeper than 1 vertical to 2 horizontal, as per typical I sites, etc. detailsprovided in DrawingNo. T -16. d) The work shall consistof i-reasuresas per design,or I as directed by the Engineerto control soil erosion, I sedimentationand water pollution, through useof berms, dikes, sedimentbasins, fiber mats, mulches, grasses, slope drains and other devices All temporary sedimentation,pollution control works and maintenance thereofwill be deemedas incidentalto the earthwork or other items of work and as such no separatepayment will be madefor them.

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C. 1.7 a) Vehicle/machinery and equipment operation, Contamination maintenance and refueling shall be carried out in such a of Soil by Fuel fashion that spillage of fuels and lubricants does not Contract and Lubricants contaminate the ground. An "oil interceptor" will be document provided for wash down and refueling areas. Refer Drawing No. T - 26 for typical design details of the oil interceptors to be provided. Fuel storage shall be in proper bunded areas All spills and collected petroleum Throughout Project products shall be disposed off in accordance with MoEF, Corridor, During UPSPCB and BSPCB guidelines for the stretches falling all access roads, sites Contractor. ENgi in the respectivestates. temporarilyacquiredPUNA b) Fuel storage and refilling areas shall be located at and all borrow areas. least 300m from all cross drainage structures and important water bodies or as directed by the Engineer. c) In all fuel storage and refueling areas, if located on agricultural land or areas supporting vegetation, the topsoil shall be stripped, stockpiled and returned after cessation of such storage and refueling activities as per EMP clause no. C.1.2. C.1.8 a) All spoils shall be disposed off in the manner as Contamination specified in EMP. Spoil from excavation of riverbed shall of Soil by be managed and disposed off as directed by the Construction Engineer. No new disposal site shall be created as part Wastes & their of the project, which is not treated as per EMP clause disposal C.1.1, except with prior and express approval of the T Engineer in the course of the project. Corridor, During C Engineer, all accessroads, sites iCnrco b) All waste material shall be completely disposed as Construction PIU,NHAI !desired and the site shall be fully cleaned before MoST: 201.2 temporarily acquiredas i handing over. The Engineer will certify in this regard. c) All temporary acquired land shall be dealt in the manner as laid out in the EMP if dumping of waste is envisaged Any claim, arising out ofwaste disposal shall MoST be resolved by the contractor at his cost. 301.3.11 C 1.9 The Contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only MoST 111,3 All quarries During licensing Contractor Engineer, Quarry after consent of the DoF or other concerned authorities recommended to be and during PIUNHAI

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Operations and only after developmentof a comprehensivequarry' used in the projectare operationof the redevelopmentplan, as per the Uttar Pradeshor Bihar givenin Appendix6. quarriesfor the Mining Rules Alternativelythe Contractorshall acquire project the required material from quarries licensed by the UPSPCBand BSPCBfor the respectivestates in which the quarry is in operation.The quarry operationsshall be undertakenwithin the rulesand regulationsin force. C. 1.10Loss of a) Filling of surfacewater bodiesshall be compensated WaterBodies by digging an equalvolume of soil for water storage. Design Suchdug-up soil shall be usedfor spreadingas tOpsOil. requirement. b) Whereverdigging is undertaken,the banks shall be protectedby meansas designedor as approvedby the Engineer, The excavationshall be carried out in a Whenever manner so that the side slopesare no steeperthan 1 MoST. All water body encountered Contracto vertical to 4 horizontal,otherwise slope protectionwork 305.4.1 locationslikely to be during Contractor PIU,NHAI. shall be provided,as approved by the Engineerand impacted. construction specifiedby EMPclause C.1.6. (c) As far as practicable, and as approved by the Engineer,excavation for replacementof water bodies shall be at the closest possible placellocation,with respect to the original water body or part thereof consumedby filling. C.1.11 Lossof a) Any source of water (potable or otherwise)for the OtherWater communitysuch as wells,tube-well, etc., incidentally lost RAP Sources shall be replacedimmediately. The locationand siting of requirement. the replacedsource of water shall be as per design, or MoST:110.3 jas directedby the Engineer.In general,there shouldbe ThroughoutProject Wev only lateraldisplacement (of the newsite from the old). Corridor, encountered Engineer, b) Executionof enhancementmeasures at water body all accessroads, sites during Contractor PIU,NHAI. locationsidentified for enhancementshall be completed temporarilyacquired construction in accordanceto the individual drawings,specified for MoST301.5 and all borrowareas, [those locations.Refer Appendix 7 for the list of surface water bodiesthat are to be enhancedand the detailed drawingsfor thoselocations. c) The replacementshall be ready prior to demolition/

z7r-C! LeaAssociates 14 'Q=7 EnvwionrmentalManagement Plan - Package IV A Grand TrunkRoad Improvement Project

Environmental 3 Reference to Responsibility 6 Impact/lssue Mitigation Measures Contract 4 Location Time Frame Documents Implementation Supervision dismantling of the existing source This sub-clause covers the identified sources of water in the pre- construction stage. The relocation of the hand pumps shall be carried out as detailed in the typical design drawings presented in Drawing No. T - 8 or Drawing No. T - 9 as applicable Mitigation measures as detailed in Drawing Drawing No. T - 22, Drawing No. T - 23 A or Drawing No. T - 23 B shall be carried out at the various wells locations identified. Refer Appendix 3 for the list of wells where mitigation measures need to be provided. (d) For drains carrying run-off from the highways entering, into surface water bodies/channels, with a fall exceeding 1.5 m cascading shall be carried out as per the details provided in Drawing No. T - 5. Sedimentation traps shall be provided at drains location entering into the water bodies as per details in Drawing No. T - 4. t-- -- - ______... - .------__ . . C.1.12 Flooding a) In addition to the design requirements, the contractor I l shall take all desired measures as directed by the l lr.ec Engineer such measures to prevent temporary or Throughout project During I permanent flooding of the site or any adjacent area. cordor, all access Construction o Engineer, b) The scope for prevention of flooding includes 3053T.2 roads, s ates andctherDefectsrntractoro PIU,NHA prevention of loss of use, loss of access of any land or .3. and all borrow areas Liability Period. property thereon resulting from flowing or stagnant water as direct/ indirect impact of construction. C.1.13 Siltation a) Silt fencing will be provided at the base of the into Water embankment for the entire perimeter of any water body MoT:6 T P Bodies (including wells) as per detail in Drawing No. T - 17. Throughout Project b) Siltation of soil into the water bodies will be prevented Corridor, all access as far as possible. The contractor will take all reasonable roads, sites Construction Contractor. PU,NHA measures as per EMP ClauseC. 1.6 temporarily acquired ,c) Construction materials containing fine particles shall MoST:306 and all borrow areas be stored in an enclosure such that sediment laden water does not drain into nearby watercourses

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C.1.14 Torrent la) No tree or vegetation other than those designated for Run-off 'felling will be cut. MoST: 201.2 Throughout Project lb) The contractor shall take all necessary precautions Corridor, all access During Engineer I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~roads,sites . Contractor.Enner jand construct temporary/permanent (as per C.1.6 or MoST: Construction. PIU,NHAI. C.1.13) devices to prevent water pollution (due to 306.2 & 4 and all borrow areas. silltation and increase of turbidity). l l

C.1.15 a) In sections along water courses, and close to cross- Alterationof drainage channels, earth, stone or any other Drainage construction materialsor appendageshall be properly MoST: ThroughoutProject disposedoff so as not to blockthe flow of water. 305.3.7 Corridor,all access b) All necessarymeasures shall be taken to prevent roads,sites During Contractor. EngiNIeer, earthwork,stonework, materials and appendageas well temporarilyacquired Construction. PU,NHAL as the method of operation from impeding cross- MoST: 306 and all borrowareas. drainage at rivers, streams,water canals and existing irrigation and drainage systems. . C.1.16 Retentionponds, surfacewater bodieswill be created GroundWater as per drainagedesign. Tree andvegetation plantation Design As per Drainage During Cot Engineer, Depletion will be conserved and additionally planted as per requirement. Design. Construction. PIU,NHAI. design. Design- C.1.17 1 Increased MoST:111.15 EntireProject Site. Run-off Retentionwork will betaken up on the roadsidedrainage During Contractor Engineer, channelsas perthe roadsidedrainage design. Construction. PIU,NHAI. I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AsperDrainage Design Design. requirement C.1.18 a) All measureswill be takento preventthe wastewater Contamination tproduced in construction from entering directly into MoST:306 ThroughoutProject of Water from streams, water bodies or the irrigation system, as i Corridor Construction directedby Engineer. MoST| During Engineer, Wastes b) Constructionwork close to the streams or water 111.13 all accessroads, sites Construction PIU,NHAI. bodies shall be avoidedduring monsoon and measures adlloraro acrea as per EMPclause C 1.13will betaken, c) The discharge standards promulgated under the

Lea Associates 16 Environmental Management Pllan - Package IV A Grand Trink Road Improvement Project

Environmental 3 R~~~~~~~~Eeferenceto Responsibility 6 Mitigation Measures3 Contract Location5 Time Frame I cDocuments4 Implementation Supervision 'Environmental Protection Act, 1986 shall be strictly MoST: 111.1 adhered to. All waste arising from the project is to be Idisposed off in a manner that is acceptable to the Uttar 1 ,Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (UPSPCB), Bihar 'State Pollution Control Board (BSPCB) and the iEngineer. C 119 (a) The work shall be carried out in such a manner that MoST: 111.4 Contamination pollution of natural watercourses, ponds, tanks and from Fuel and reservoirs is avoided. MoST: 113.13 T P . . Lubricants (b) Vehicle, machinery & equipment maintenance and refuelling shall be done in a manner as specified in Cordor, all access EMP clause C.1.7 to prevent pollution of water. roads, sites * At construction vehicle parking locations and at MoST: 111.1 alltemporarily borrowareas acquired, and DuringEnier Engineer fuel/lubricant storage sites, oil and grease traps shall be truck lay-byes. Construction l Contractor PU,NHAi. iprovided to prevent the contamination of the soil and t nearby watercourses, as per designs annexed in Location of truck lay- Drawing No. T - 14. byes is given in (c) Waste products must be collected, stored and taken Appendix 8. to approved disposal sites in compliance of UPSPCB/BSPCB guidelines or any other relevant laws, and to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer. C.1.20 (u) Construction labourers' camps shall be located at Sanitation and least 200m away from the nearest habitation based on MoST: 111.14 waste disposal the conceptual plan provided in Drawing No. T - 29 and in construction details of which shall be approved by the Engineer. camps (b) The sewage system for a construction labourer's During camp shall be designed, built and operated so that no Establishment, pollution to ground or adjacent water bodies/ Operation and Contractor. Engineer, watercourses takes place. Compliance with the relevant D PIU,NHAI. legislation shall be strictly adhered to. Garbage bins All Construction Such Camps.of shall be provided in the camps and regularly emptied Worker's Camps S C and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner, to including areas in the satisfaction of the relevant norms and the Engineer. immediate vicinity. (c) In connection with underground, water resources, including percolating water, the contractor shall take all

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Reference to Responsibility 3 6 Envimpactnmen, Mitigation Measures Contract Locations Time Frame Impact/Issue g ouets4 Iimplementation Supervision Documen necessary precaution to prevent interference with such water resources. MoST. 111.1 (d) All relevant provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and other Construction Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 shall be adhered to. (e) Unless otherwise arranged by the local sanitary authority, arrangements for proper disposal of exereta by Composting at the workplace suitably approved by the local medical health or municipal authorities or as per directed by Engineer, shall be made. C. 1.21 Wastage (a) The contractorwill minimisewastage ofwater in the of construction process/operations. Project Water (b) The Contractor shall arrange for supply and storage requirement Throughout Project of water and no such supply and storage will be Corridor, all access I provided by the PIU, NHAI. The Contractor shall not roads, sites During Contractor. Engineer, open a new borewell or extract groundwater without temporirily acquired Construction. PIU,NHAI permission from the UP Ground Water Board. The and all borrow areas. Contractor may, however, use any existing borewell or any other source of water supply subject to necessary _ or relevant arrangement. ___ _ C.1.22 (a) The Contractor shall be responsible for arranging Disruption to adequate supply of water for the whole construction other Users of period. Throughout Project Water (b) While working across or close to perennial water Corridor, all access bodies, the Contractor shall not prevent the flow of roais, sites water. If for any bridgework, etc., closure of flow is temporarily acquired E required, the Contractor shall seek approval of the RAP and all borrowareas During Contractor Engineer, Engineer. The Engineer will have the right to ask the requirement. as well as the Construction C U,NHAI. Contractor to serve notice on the downstream users of | immediate water sufficiently in advance. surroundings of these (c) Construction over and close to the non-perennial areas. streams shall be undertaken in the dry session. Construction over the irrigation canals, if disruption to the flow, quality of water and adverse impact on the _ ___ _

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Responsibility E-nvironmental 3 .Reference to 5 6 ImpactSlsse Mitigation Measures Contract Location Time Frame Documents4 nmplennentation Supervision irrigation structure is expected (or probable in the view of the Engineer), will be undertaken at the obtaining necessary permission from the Department of Irrigation. (d) Construction work expected to disrupt users and j impacting community water bodies will be taken up | after serving notice on the local community. (e) The Contractor may use the natural sources of water subject to the provision that any claim arising out I of conflicts with other users of the said natural sources of water shall be dealt with entirely by the contractor. C.1.23 (a) All vehicles delivering materals to the site shall be MoST: 111.9 Generation of covered to avoid spillage of materials. Dust (b) The Contractor shall take every precaution to reduce the level of dust emission from the hot mix MoST 1115 ! plants and the batching plants up to the satisfaction of I the Engineer. (c) All existing highways and roads used by vehicles of MoST: 111.9 the contractor, or any of his sub-contractor or suppliers of materials or plant and similarly roads which are part of the works shall be kept clean and clear of all dust/mud or other extraneous materials dropped by Throughout Project such vehicles or their tyres. Corridor, all access D i (d) Clearance shall be effected immediately by manual roads, sites Co sweeping and removal of debris, or, if so directed by MoST 111.10 temporarily acquired [ PIUNHAI. the Engineer, by mechanical sweeping and clearing and all borrow areas. equipment, and all dust, mud and other debris shall be removed completely. Additionally, if so directed by the MoST: 118.1 Engineer, the road surfaces shall be hosed or watered using necessary equipment. (e) Plants, machinery and equipment shall be so handled (including dismantling) as to minimise Contract generation of dust. document (f) All earthwork shall be protected in a manner i acceptable to the Engineer to minimise generation of dust.

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3 Reference to 6 Responsibility Envilronmental 3 Impact/rssue Mitigation Measures Contract Location Time Framee R Documents4 Implemnentation Supervision (g) The hot-mix plants shall be fitted with dust extraction units in order that the exhausts comply with the requirements of the relevant current emission control legislation. C 1 24 Emission (a) Hot mix plantsand batchingplants shall be located from Hot-Mix jsufficiently away from habitation, agricultural operations Plants and or industrial establishments. Where possible such Batching Plants plants will be located at least 1000m away from the nearest habitation. MoST: 111.5 (b) The exhaust gases shall comply with the During Erection, requirements of the relevant current emission control All Hot-mix and Testing, Engineer, legislation. All operations at plants shall be undertaken Batching Plants. Operation and Contractor. PIUNHAI in accordance with all current rules and regulations MoST: 111.5 DSsmantsingof Iprotecting the environment. Such Plants. (c) Monitoring of the pollutants shall be carried out by the agency identified for Environmental Monitoring as detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan for the

______project. _ _ C.1.25 Odour (a) Construction labourers' camps shall be located atl from least 200m away from the nearest habitation to avoid Construction conflicts and stress over the infrastructure facilities, with ; labourer's the local community. Contract All Construction During camps (b) The waste disposal and sewage system for the Ctrat Labourers'Camps and Establishment, Engineer, camp shall be properly designed, built and operated so i sronigOperation and Contractor. that no odour is generated. Relevant provisions as the Dismantling of Factories Act, the Building and other Construction areas Such Camps. Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and all other relevant legislations shall be strictly adhered to. C.1.26 Emission (a) The discharge standards promulgated under the Contract from i Environment Protection Act, 1986 shall be strictly requirement I Throughout Project Construction adhered to. All vehicles, equipment and machinery roads sDuring C rEngineer Vehicles, 4 used for construction shall conform to the relevant Construction. PIU,NHAI. Equipment and Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) norms. temporarily acquired Machinery (b) All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for

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construction shall be regularly maintained to ensure Contract that pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirement requirements of UPSPCB or BSPCB (for the stretches in the respective states) and the Engineer. C.1. 27 Pollution (a) All crushers used in construction shall conform to I from Crusher relevant dust emission control legislations. Clearance i for siting shall be obtained from the UPSPCB for the Contract stretch in UP and BSPCB for the stretch in BSPCB. requirement Alternatively, only crushers already licensed by the UPSPCB and BSPCB for the respective regions shall During Erection, be used. All Aggregate TpesationgadEngineer, (b) Dust screening vegetation will be planted on the Crushing Plants. Operation and Contractor. PIUNHAI edge of the RoW for all existing roadside crushers. Design Such plantsl (c) The suspended particulate matter contribution value requirement. pat at a distance of 40m from a controlled isolated as well MoST: 111. 1 as from a unit located in a cluster should be less than 5OO1ig/m3. The monitoring is to be conducted is envisaged in the monitoring plan. C.1.28 Noise (a) The plants and equipmert used in construction MoST: 111.13 from Vehicles, (including the aggregate crushing plant) shall strictly Plants and conform to the Gol noise standards. Equipment (b) All vehicles and equipment used in construction MoST: 111.13 shall be fitted with exhaust silencers. During routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if found to be defective Throughout Project shall be replaced. Notwithstanding any other conditions Corridor, all access I Engieer of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) must roads, sites DuringContractor. PIUNHA comply with the relevant legislation for levels of sound MoST. 111.1 temporarily acquired I emission. Non-compliant plant shall be removed from and all borrow areas. I site. (c) Noise limits for construction equipment used in this project (measured at one metre from the edge of the equipment in free field) such as compactors, rollers, MoST: 111.13 front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws shall not exceed 75 dB(A), as *-s ~ed -nth~evrME inm-ent(ProTeatro-n)RuTes, T956' ______Lea A ssociates 21 Ewvironmental Management Plan - Package IVA Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Environmental 3 Reference to Responsibility Impact/issue Mitigation Measures Contract 4 Location Time Framer R Documents Implementation Supervision

specified in the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. (d) Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be regular and to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep nioise from these at a minimum. (e) Workers in vicinity of loud noise, and workers MoST: 111.6 working with or in crushing, compaction, batching or concrete mixing operations shall wear earplugs. C.1.29 Noise (a) Blastingshall be carriadout only with permissionof from Blasting or the Engineer. All the statutory laws, regulations, rules Pre-splitting etc., pertaining to acquisition, transport, storage, Operations handling and use of explosives shall be strictly followed. MoST: 302.1 (b) Blasting shall be carried out during fixed hours During (preferably during mid-day), as permitted by the All Blasting and Pre- Preparation, Engineer, Engineer. The timing should be made known to all the splitting Sites. Closure of Such Contractor. PIUNHAI people within 500m (200m for pre-splitting) from the Sites. I blasting site in all directions. People, except those who MoST: 302.4 actually light the fuse shall be excluded from the area of 200m (50m for pre-splitting) from the blasting site in all | directions at least 10 minutes before the blasting. l

C.1.30 Loss or (a) All works shall be carried out in such a fashion that Engineer, Damage of the damage or disruption to the flora is minimum. Trees Entire Project Site. During Contractor PIU,NHAI. Vegetation or shrubs will only be felled or removed that impinge As encountered ucto directly on the permanent works or necessary Contract During Construction temporary works with prior approval from the Engineer. requirement Engineer, PIU,NHAI (b) The Engineer shall approve such felling on the As decided by the i PIU,NHAI. advice of the PIU, NHAI, and only when the PIU, NHAI DoFDuring DoF. receives a "clearance" for such felling from the DoF, as I Construction applicable. Design PIU,NHAI. (c) Trees felled shall be replaced as per the requirement. As per DoF compensatoryafforestation criteria in accordancewith Existing the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. Programmes Contractor DoF, PIU, NHAI

C. 1. 31 Disruption to vegetation shall be minimised and the Contract Entire Project Site. During Contractor. Engineer, Compaction of contractor shall ensure that the construction vehicle, requirement Construction PIU,NHAI

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Environmental 3 I Reference to Responsibility EnvIronmental Mitigation Measures Contract 4 Locations Time Frames lmpacttlssue Documents Implementation Supervision

Vegetation machinery and equipment shall move or be stationed in the designated area (RoW COI, as applicable) only. During construction, at any point of time, if a rare/ C.1.32 Damage threatened/endangered flora species is found, it shall E be conserved in a suitable manner. The Engineer, on Throughout Project Curing or Loss of Chance-found Cons'ruction~~~~~~~~~~IContractor, Engineer. PIUJ,NHAI. Chance-found ! specific advice from the PIU, NHAI shall approve | Area. ConE'ruction Important Flora detailed conservation processes, plans and designs as well as associated modification in the project design. l_I,

C. 1. 33 (a) All works are to be carried out in such a fashion that Contract . i During Contractor. Engineer, Loss, Damage the damage and disruption to fauna is minimum, requirement All along the Project Construction. PIU,NHAI or Disruption to (b) Construction workers shall be instructed to protect roads, sites Fauna. natural resources and fauna, including wild animals and temporarily acquired & aquatic life. Hunting and unauthorised fishing are

_ prohibited. _ all borr_.area.. C.1.34 During construction, at any point of time, if a rare/ Damage or endangered / threatened fauna species is spotted, the Contract During Contractor, Loss of Chance- contractor shall make all arrangements to intimate the requirement Entire Project Site. Constructioni Engineer PIU,NHAI. found Important wild life authorities and measures will be taken for its Fauna. conservation during the operation period also.

C.1.35 Loss of (a) The Contractor shall provide safe and convenient Access passage for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from side roads and property accesses connecting the MoST: 112.7 project road. Work that affects the use of side roads and existing accesses shall not be undertaken without providing adequate provisions to the prior satisfaction of All along the Project During Engineer, the Engineer. corridor. Construction Contractor PIU,NHAI. (b) The works shall not interfere with or cause inconvenience to public or restrict the access to use and occupation of public or private roads, railways and any other access footpaths to or of properties whether public or private.

C.1.36 Traffic (a) Detailed Traffic Control Plans shall be prepared and l l Delays and submitted to the Engineer for approval, 5 days prior to MoST: 112.1 All along the Project DuigContractor i Engineer. Congestion commencement of works on any section of road. The Corridor, Construction traffic control plans shall contain details of temporary

Lea Associates 23 7 EnvirornmentalManagement Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Environmental Reference to Responsibility 3 5 Impact/Issue Mitigation Measures Contract Location Time Framef mn Documents4 Imple-nentation Supervision diversions, details of arrangements for construction under traffic and details of traffic arrangement after cessation of work each day (b) Temporary diversion (including scheme of temporary land acquisition) will be constructed with the MoST: 112.5 approval of the Engineer. While approving temporary diversion construction, the Engineer will seek endorsement from the PIU, NHAIl I(c) Special consideration shall be given in the MoST 112 2 ipreparation of the traffic control plan to the safety of o pedestrians and workers at night. (d) The Contractor shall ensure that the running surtace MoST: 112.5 is always maintained in running condition, particularly during the monsoon so that no disruption to the traffic flow occurs. (e) The temporary traffic detours shall be kept free of dust by frequent application of water, if necessary.

C-1-37 Traffic : (a) The Contractor shall take all necessary measures Control and for the safety of traffic during construction and provide, Safety erect and maintain such barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as may be required l by the Engineer for the information and protection of MoST: 112.4 traffic approaching or passing through the section of the Entire Project corridor During Contractor Engineer highway under improvement. . Construction (b) All signs, barricades, pavement markings shall be MoST: 112.1 as per the MoST specification. Before taking up construction on any section of the highway, a traffic control plan shall be devised to the satisfaction of the . Engineer. C.1.38 Risk The Contractor is required to comply with all the from Operations Iprecautions as required for the safety of the workmen as per the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Contact E During t Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this requirement EntIre Project site Construction Contractor Engineer contract. The contractor shall supply all necessary safety appliances such as safety goggles, helmets,

24 ______- -LeaAssociates 24 -=CZ7L Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Environmental 3 Referenceto E Responsibility EnvimpactIenl MitigationMeasures3 Contract4 Locations Time Frames ImpactUIssue . Documents Implementation Supervision m,asks, etc., to the workers and staff. The contractor has to comply with all regulation regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations,trenches and safe means of entryand egress. C.1.39Risk Adequateprecautions will be taken to preventdanger from Electrical from electrical equipment.No material or any of the Equipment sites will be so stackedor placedas to causedanger or inconvenience to any person or the public. All necessaryfencing and lightswill be providedto protect During ithe public.All machinesto be used in the construction MoST: 106 EntireProject site. Construction Contractori Engineer. will conform to the relevant Indian Standards (IS) codes, will be free from patent defect,will be kept in good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly maintainedas per IS provisionsand to the satisfactionof the Engineer. C.1.40Risk at (a) All workers employedon mixing asphalticmaterial, Hazardous cement, lime mortars,concrete etc., will be provided Activity with protective footwear and protective goggles. MoST:111.1 Workers, who are engagedin welding works would be provided with welder's protectiveeye-shields. Stone- breakerswill be providedwith protectivegoggles and clothingand will be seatedat sufficientlysafe intervals. (b) The use of any herbicideor other toxic chemical shall be strictly in accordancewith the manufacturer's During Engineer instructions.The Engineershall be given at least 6 MoST:111.6 EntireProject site. Construction Contractor PIU,NHAI working days notice of the proposed use of any herbicideor toxic chemical.A registerof all herbicides and othertoxic chemicalsdelivered to the site shall be kept and maintainedup to date by the Contractor.The register shall include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics,chemical ingredients, healthand safetyhazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid proceduresfor the product.

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Environmental 3 Reference to Responsibility 5 6 Impact/Issue Mitigation Measures Contract Lccation Time Frame Documents4 jImplementation Supervision

C. 1.41 Risk of No man below the age of 18 years and no woman shall Lead Pollution be employed on the work of painting with products containing lead in any form. No paint containing lead or I lead products will be used except in the form of paste or I During Engineer, readymade paint. Face masks will be supplied for use MoST: 111.1 Entire Project site Construction Contractor PU,NHAI. by the workers when paint is applied in the form of spray or a surface having lead paint dry rubbed and . scrapped. - All reasonable precaution will be taken to prevent C.1.42 Risk i danger of the workers and the public from fire, flood, Engineer, caused by drowning, etc. All necessary steps will be taken for Contract Entire Project site During Contractor lngi Force' Majure prompt first aid treatment of all injuries likely to be requirement Construction PIU,NHAI , sustained during the course of work. C.1.43 Risk (a) Except as may be provided in the contract or from Explosives | ordered or authorised by the Engineer, the Contractor i shall not use explosives. Where the use of explosives is so provided or ordered or authorised, the Contractor shall comply with the requirements of the following Sub- Clauses of this Clause besides the law of the land as applicable: (b) The Contractor shall at all times take every possible precaution and shall comply with appropriate laws and regulations relating to the importation, handling, All blasting and Pre- During Contractor Engineer transportation, storage and use of explosives and shall, splitting Sites. Construction o at all times when engaged in blasting operations, post MoST: 302.4 sufficient warning flagmen, to the full satisfaction of the Engineer. (c) The Contractor shall at all times make full liaison with and inform well in advance and obtain such permission as is required from all Government I Authorities, public bodies and private parties whomsoever concerned or affected or likely to be concerned or affected by blasting operations. 0.1.44 Malarial The Contractor shall, at his own expense, conform to all Contract Entire During Engineer, PIU,NHAI. risk anti-malarial instructions given to him by the Engineer, requirement Pro1ect site Construction Contractor

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Environnnental . . 3 t Reeenet~~~~~~~~~~~Referenceto Responsibility Environmental MitigationMeasures 3 Contract Location iTime Framer epnidt Impact/Issue Documents Implementation Supervision including filling up any borrow pits which may have I beendug by him. C.1.45 FirstAid (a) At everyworkplace, a readily availablefirst aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilised dressing 1 material and applianceswill be provided as per the FactoryRules of Biharor Uttar pradesh. (b) Workplaces, remote and far away from regular During Engineer hospitalswill have indoorheath units with one bedfor MoST:1207.6 EntireProject site. Construction Contractor PIU,NHAI every 250 workers.Suitable transport will be provided to facilitate take injuredor ill person(s)to the nearest applicable hospital. At every workplace and constructioncamp, equipment and nursingstaff shall be provided. C. 1.46 Potable (a) In everyworkplace at suitableand easilyaccessible Water placesa sufficientsupply of cold potablewater (as per IS) will be provided and maintained. If the drinking water is obtained from an intermittent public water supplythen, storagetanks will be provided. (b) All watersupply storage shall be at a distanceof not lessthan 15m from any latrine,drain or other sourceof pollution.Where water has to be drawnfrom an existing well, which is within such proximityof any latrine,drain ontract EntireProject site. Engineer, requirement ~~~~ConstructionPINHI or any other source of pollution, the well shall be r chlorinatedbefore water is drawnfrom it for drinking. (c) All suchwells shallbe entirelycovered and provided with a trap door, which shall be dust proof and waterproof. A reliable pump shall be fitted to each coveredwell. The trap door shall be kept lockedand openedonly for cleaningor inspection,which shall be doneat leastonce a month. C.1.47Hygiene (a) The Contractorduring the progressof workwill Contract provide, erect and maintain necessary (temporary) requirement All Construction Durng C Engineer living accommodationand ancillaryfacilities for labour Labourers'Camps DurinAIContractorConstruction EN . to standards and scales approved by the residentI Engineer.

LeaAssociates 27 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Environmental Reference to Responsibility 5 Measures3 Contract 4 Location Time Framem Impact/Issue Mitigation Documents :rIplemertation Supervision (b) There shall be provided within the precincts of every workplace,latrines and urinals in an accessibleplace, I and the accommodation,separately for eachfor these, as per standards set by the Building and other ConstructionWorkers (regulationof Employmentand Conditionsof Service)Act, 1996. Exceptin workplaces providedwith water-flushedlatrines connectedwith a water borne sewage system, all latrines shall be provided with dry-earth system (receptacles)which shall be cleaned at least four times daily and at least twice duringworking hours and kept in a strict sanitary condition. Receptacles shall be tarred inside and outsideat least once a year. If women are employed, separatelatrines and urinals,screened from those for men (and marked in the vernacular)shall provided. There shall be adequate supply of water, close to latrinesand urinals, (c) All temporaryaccommodation must be constructed and maintainedin%uch a fashionthat uncontaminated water is availablefor drinking, cooking and washing. The sewagesystem for the camp must be designed, built and operatedso that no health hazardoccurs and no pollutionto the air, groundor adjacentwatercourses takes place. Compliancewith the relevant legislation must be strictly adheredto. Garbage bins must be provided in the camp and regularly emptiedand the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner. Constructioncamps areto be sited at least 200m away from the nearesthabitation and adequatehealth care is ito beprovided for the work force. I (d) Unlessotherwise arranged for by the local sanitary Iauthority, arrangement for disposal of exoreta by incinerationat the workplaceshall be made by means of a suitableincinerator approved by the local medical a health or municipal authorities.Alternatively, excreta may be disposedoff by puftinga layer of night soils at

Lea Associates 28 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand rrunkRoacn improvement Project

Responsibility Environmental 33 Reference to 5 6 Impact/issuen Mitigation Measures Contract 4 Location Time Frame Impact/issue Documents Implementation Supervision

the bottom of a permanent tank prepared for the purpose and covering it with 15 cm layer of waste or refuse and then covering it with a layer of earth for a fortnight (by then it will tum into manure). (e) On completion of the works, all such temporary structures shall be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and I effectively sealed off and the outline site left clean andi tidy, at the Contractor's expense, to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer. l_l C. 1.48 (a) All necessary and adequate care shall be taken to During i Contractor Engineer, Protection/Mitig minimize impact on cultural properties (which includes Construction PIU,NHAI. ation of cultural sites and remains, places of worship including I Religious temples, mosques, churches and shrines, etc., Structures and graveyards, monuments and any other important MoST: 301.5 Shrines structures as identified during design and all . . . properties/sites/remains notified under the Ancient Sites Design Entire Project site. and Remains Act). No work shall spillover to these requirement properties, premises and precincts. (b) All conservation and protection measures will be taken up as per design. Access to such properties from the road shall be maintained clear and clean. -. __1 ______. _ C.1.49 Chance (a) All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity and Contract found structures and other remains or things of geological or requirement Archaeological archaeological interest discovered on the site shall be property the property of the Government, and shall be dealt with as per provisions of the relevant legislation. (b) The contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen or any other persons from Entire Project site. Constructionr Contractor PIU,NHAI removing and damaging any such article or thing and shall, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the Engineer of such discovery and carry out the Engineer's instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work shall be stopped 100m l all directions from the site of discovery.

Lea Associates 29 7a'=D7 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Environmental Mitigati asures3 1Reference to Responsibility Impact/Issue Mitigation Measue rCo rntrat4 Location5 Time Frame6 Imlmnain uevso mDocuments 4 mplerentation Supervision (c) The Engineer shall seek dcrection from the ArchaeologicalSociety of India (ASI) before instructing the Contractorto recommencework on the site. Road landscape plantaticn, re-vegetation of road Design EntireProject Corridor, embankmentsand other slopes, edge treatment of requirement as per the landscape C.1.50 waterbodies shall betaken up as per eitherdetailed or plan prepared. Roadside I typical landscape designs, plans prepared for the Intersectionswhere During Contractor Engineer, Landscape project(Drawings in Appendix10 detail the landscape landscapingis to be Construction PIUNHAI. I plans).Landscapes at the intersectionsaccording to the doneare given in type are given in drawingNos 3 to 5. Appendix9. Provision, replacement, restoration of bus shelters Design inclusive of bus bays complete with seating requirement arrangement,infrastructure, etc., if any, as per designs shall be takenup. EntireProject Corridor, C.1.51 Provisionof truck lay byesas perthe drawingsprovided as envisagedin the Roadside in design. DPR. Typicaldesigns During Contractor Engineer, Amenities The design layout drawingsand specificationsof the of roadsideamenities Construction lPU,NHAI. various roadside amenities shall be as per the are providedin the engineeringdesign, A conceptualdesign of bus bay DPR. and bus stop is provided in DrawingNo. T - 32 and DrawingNo. T - 33. Detailsof the busstop structureare I providedin DrawingNo. T - 34. i C. 1.52 Noise a) Provisionof barriers alongthe edge of the RoW at Design _ mitigation the locationsindicated in Appendix11 as perthe design requirement detailsindicated in drawingsfor the respectivelocations to mitigatethe rise in noise levels. Alongthe edgeof the b) Provisionof barriers aroundthe locations given in RoW and at the 1 During C.t Engineer, Appendix11 to decreasethe noise levels as per the locationsindicated in Construction PIU,NHAI. design details indicatedin DrawingsNM-4A-1 to NM- Appendix11. 4A-7. Noise barrier shall be constructed as per the DrawingNo. T - 10 or DrawingNo. T - 11, whichever is suitable. C.1.53 Road (a) Road furniture includingfootpaths, railings, storm At locationsas perthe During Engineer, Furniture water drains, crash barrier, traffic signs, speed zone Design detaileddesign Construction Contractor PU,NHAI signs, pavementmarkers and any other such itemswill requirement

_- Lea Associates 30 C\Ci7 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Environmental Reference to Responsibility 3 Impact/Issue Mitigation Measures Contract 4 Location5 Time Frarme6 Documents Impleiefntation Supervision

be provided as per design given in the Bid Documents. requirement i Location of bus stops (b) Intersections, rotaries, traffic islands, roadside for enhancements is protection and other structures or furniture shall be Design given in Appendix 12. constructed, complete with the landscape elements as requirement per landscape design. (c) Enhancement of bus stops as per the typical design drawings Draving No. T - 33 and Drawing No. T - 34. _ __._ _ __.__

C.1.54 (a) Enhancement of all cultural properties inclusive of Design At the locations Cultural all such properties relocated prior to commencement of requirement mentioned in Appendix During Contractor Engineer. Properties construction shall be completed as per design. 13 for typical Construction PIU,NHAI. (b) Signage giving information about the important Design enhancements and Icultural properties shall be erected as per design. requirement Appendix 14 for (c) Specific enhancement measures proposed for the specific enhancements. various cultural properties and the specifications are provided in Drawings IVA/317.45VRMI1 to IVA148.8/10. The.contractor shall work out the enhancement of the remaining cultural properties as per typical designs worked out in detailed Drawing No. T - 15, Drawing No. T - 18 to Drawing No. T - 21, Drawinq No. T - 27 and/or Drawing No. T - 28 as decided by the Engineer. (d) Details within the specific enhancement sites like washing ghat (Drawing No T - 25), Canopy (Drawing No. T - 31) shall follow the typical designs provided. ______.__ .__

0-1.0: Operation Stage

Contamination g up o_ of Soil and (a) Contingency plans to be in place for cleaning up of Framework at spills of oil, fuel and toxic chemicals. State and Sector Flying Squad of the Water Project Motor Vehicles Resources from (b) Spill of oil, fuel and automobile servicing units . Entire Project corridor. Level is Motor Vehicles Inspector adequate disposal systems in place to be r I expected to be Department. Spills dueto Swithoutdiscuae traffic & discouraged. developed. Accidents -- Project Beginnin ~~~~PIU,NHAI,Municipal PINA 01.2 (a) The drains will be periodically cleared to maintain Project Entire Project corridor, Beginning and PIU,NHAI, Maintenance of storm water flow. requirement especially in the Urban end of each Authorities.

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E Reference to 1 Responsibility 3 6 Envimpactnmen . Mitigation Measures Contract Locations Time Frame ImpacUlssue, O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ocuments ImplementaiLion Supervision

Storm Water (b) The urban authorities and local government bodies Stretches. monsoon. Drainage will be urged to maintain storm water drainage system Recharge pits shall be I System in working condition. Recharge pits for urban drains provided at every km shall be provided as per the design Drawing No. T - 24. in the urban areas through which proposed alignment L ______-_____--______passe!.

0. D(a) Roadside tree plantations will be maintained. rc E P Through I (b) New afforestation projects adjacent to the project operation DoF, PIU,NHAI. PIU,NHAI. G road and in the surrounding will be encouraged. rum _ s u area period.

01.4 1 (a) Ambient Air concentrations of the various pollutants - - Atmospheric I shall be monitored as envisaged in the pollution I Pollution monitoring plan. Through I Pollution monitoring (b) Pollution under control (PUC) programmes to be Entire Project corridor Operation stage agency enforced adequately. and Surrounding areas . I (c) Atmospheric pollution will be monitored and Project Refer to the Air Starting EUPSPCB/BSP management plans to be managementdeveloped plansif pollution crosses requirement Pollution Monitoring ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~alterCompletionMorVeilsC,PUNAe l Motor Vehicles CB, PIU,NHAI threshold. Programme. of Construction Department, STA, DoF, (d) Roadside tree plantations will be maintained. IlPSPCB/BSPCB, (e) New afforestation projects adjacent to the project PIU,NHAI. road and in the surrounding will be encouraged.

(f) Public awareness programmes to be undertaken. | i _ __ __ ._.

0.1.5 Noise (a) Noise pollution will be monitored. ltl tin (b) Based on the results of monitoring noise pollution in the operation stage, sound barriers and other measures i Refer to the Noise XfImmediately , Motor Vehicles shall be constructed as per details irn section 1.7.2 of reci nt Pollution Monitoring afterCompletion, DeUpartm/BSPCB, PIU, B PIU,C HAI the Noise Quality Assessment report, Through NHAI. (c) Noise control programmes to be enforced strictly. Operation stage.

E_(d)_ Public awareness campaigns to be undertaken. - - j 0.1.6 Traffic (a) Depending on the level of congestion and traffic All along the Project I PIU,NHAI, Local and Accident hazards, traffic management plans will be prepared. Project I corridor and Through i Government Bodies, PIU,NHAI, I ~~~~~operation Safety I (b) Traffic control measures including speed limits to be { requirement surrounding areas. 4 sOtperation I Development FluUeNHAI I enforced strictly. Stage Authorities

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S3 Reference to Responsibility Environmental 6 Impact/IssueEnvironmental Mitigation Measures DocumentSampeetioSurvsnContract Location Time Frame Implementation Supervision

(c) Road control width to be enforced Local government bodies and development authorities will be encouraged to control building development along the highway. (d) Further encroachment and squatting on the public RoW will be discouraged. Along all At-grade (e) Barbed wire fencing on either side of the RoW to i prevent entry of cattle shall be erected. . sections of the corridor - - Compliance with the Hazardous Wastes (Management 0.1.7 and Handling) Rules, 1989 including: Accidents i For delivery of hazardous substances, permit license, involving 0.1.8 driving license and guidance license will be required. Hazardous Framework Hazardous Public security, transportation and fire fighting wastes All along the Project Expected to be PIU, NHAI, Materials departments will designate a special route for vehicles (Management corridor and During Early Vehicles Department Motor Vehicles delivering hazardous material. These vehicles will only and Handling) surrounding areas Operation Department. be harboured at designated parking lots. Rules, 1989. Stage. In case of spill of hazardous materials, the relevant i departments will be intimated at once to deal with it with the spill contingency plan. I _

g ------Lea Associates 33 EnmnrmentaManagemen Plan - Padcge IV A GrandTfunk Roadhproement Pject

1.6 REPORTINGARRANGEMENTS

The Monitoring and Evaluation of the management measures envisaged are critical activities in implementation of the Project. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for project management to keep the program on schedule. The rationale for a reporting system is based on accountabUlyto ensure that the measures proposed as part of the Environmental Management Plan get implemented in the project. The reporting system wil operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest rung of the implementetion system reporting to the Supervision Consultant, who in tum shall report to the PIU. All reporting by the contractor and Supervision Consultant shall be on a quarterly basis. The PIU shall be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified EMAP activities. All subsequent reporting by the contractor shall be monitored as per these targets set by the PIU before the contractors move on to the site. The reporting by the Contractor will be a monthly report like report of progress on construction and will form the basis for monitoring by the PIU, either by its own Manager (Environment) or the Environmental Specialist hired by the Supervision Consultant.

Desird Monitoring and Reporting Process and Resposibillties

contrator SupervsionConsultant (SC: rd ko NHM (Cet) WoddBank

otion No. I Report to Desad~~vineefRepd and Repoding Supervsio Repoalinto PIUJ FMel NFV C4m ReBo SouDesrdo Sbw_NItero SC _zConialloe r Sue Trg Shee forEM PCI IR e T__OneTOne rum_oneTime time . One lime Reportgfor EP PC2 ronghs ____Y _____ly QiF Y u, f Yealyv eoing for Tree PC3 r n______0rtel ______a __u Rullurel PWmperur M PC4 e c Rt MMh ouatn Oua Puadl 5oBut R PCs IbVlbpsf Mrnh onhhY Qwater Quabej QUWW eocaiond Uily e. and c ______PC6Rs MDnhh MondilyQhO Qurev Quato r shad for EMP Wionaesto"o

C2 Actions On Time __ _ One tme_ saglSet for 03 edubideLandscape Tierumonme b e Onetim aret Shee fr C4 *j hxj r Ome Trme PM time ._ One__time forEMP kC5 Target. On me F oqtnurhtWF ___ n F f Yawtv lbyd Yearly a mosf Acquisitkin j Land q W

C7 DirOime mTi e Tim O Tu ne Time

CS eionTe e Onn ime One rTu rTmene rw___ C9 kdenicaon rmTOner )neme Tm TnaOnerO una _ _ __m_ s"up Work- cdo crme Dme Ti oe Tamne n_TTO e Tur ne _ns __rum

AsPer Pohllu as Pa pe C11 3oltiMLonitrng ii Ischedule ______RodingR0en at uTpnue C12 C.onalon Camp W^ .___ Da0vJ_ ch _ _

34 EnwronmentalManagement Plan - Packae IVA GrandTnmkRoadlmproement Proct

World Bank Contractor SupervisionConsultant (SC) Pro'ecthrneentaon N-M (Centre) WBa Staged F~ormat u Constru No. atn Implerentation Rport tol

Water Requiredfor C13 monstruaion Nee Neekty Monthly thly juartty dfrYea ae Hag Yearsy Dust Suppresionat C14 StockYard Daiir Daily odhi Monthly bwErtr Haff ja Fff Yearly Dust Suppresnonat CIS BonowAreas Daily Daily monthyy Monthly Ouarterby ji y Flfi Yearty Dust Suppresionat C16 QuarrvCmruw Sites Daiho Dailv Mon" Monthty Quartriav Yeart tHalf Yeadv Road Safetyfor Partia Closureof Two Lane Cit7 Carriayl Onerime Daily Monhy Quarterty Chrterly tfYearly Ouarteri HalfYearly Road Safetyat Detour rn Temporary C18 Divemsion 6lTime Daity Mode Qy tdalfYeary QY t f summary itigationiEnhanoeme Ct19 ns Mt nightty 1Y Qluarterty Yb Qrterly halfIrtyYearlr Enhancementlhaigaio n of Cutural C20 P f-!Y IY FyerY -HalfYeaft EnhanoementI1igatio C21 n of WalerBodies h Fortnightl M iYe!t. Ouatedv. Yea,1 Enhancment of Road C22 Jurons v Fortr_nt_*_ r Quarterl Yearly arly Y Enl C23 of Bus Forthv Qwtet Hd Quabwb Cuy Yeaorl -Repfor Road C24 SWePlartol1on y orbiliv Mn_t* O_al feY_rly u tt ____r_Yeart lsuai Reportin d PAd Side C25 Qwwtr Qeady Ob HS Ye"yLt.DC u t Repti for

ed_laeat rif

edeesteogmeuntof C~28 t_ _ _ *ly Y . QueresQ"b Quob H b H e Restoralondo C29 CDsasioofSans l worit Qurbif aurw Qubrw Ylov Quw_r Ing Ybaf

RDt of

jiuwSur Reportingdi

wvwalReportig for 03 Raed SId Landcapi ______YefS Q F[ 034 SMOLmxbmve As Per Podutim 04 Molbfio Mto trig Plan IS_Nowndty Yeafty Yeaqd OQuara Note:Superon Consuttantvwould use th sam foat df thecontactor to SCfor Reporfing

The formnatsfor the reporting of the variousenvironmental issues through the variousstages of the projectImplementation are appendedat the end of the ManagementPlan as Appendki15.

1.7 INSTITUTIONALARRANGEMENTS The NHAI is responsiblefor implementationof all the miigationand managementmeasure suggested n EMAP.The NHAI is also responsiblefor implementationthe completeresettement and rehabilitationof all those affected by the project and is commited to ensure the income restorationof the project- affectedand project-displacedfamiies.

35 , EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

The NHAI already has certain organizationaland institutionalcapacity to be able to satisfactorily complete the implementationof the EMAP and RAP. The capacitywas mainly created due to the requirementsof implementingthe Third NationalHighway project (TNHP). TNHP precedesthe GTRIP, and the preparationand implementationof the RAP in GTRIP will benefitfrom that of the TNHP. The responsibilities of the NGO, the GRC and the District Level Committees is towards the irmplementationof RAP, However,for addressalof environmentalissues the Manager(environment) at the PIU will interact with the NGO, the GRC and the District Level Committees.For details aboutthe individual roles and responsibilities,refer to the section 10.2 of the ConsolidatedEnvironmental Assessmentprepared for the project.

1.8 TRAINING The Environmental Unit at the NHAI headquartersand the PlUs, who would be responsiblefor the implementationof the. EMP, need to be trained on the effective implementationof the environmental issues.To ensure the successof the implementationset up proposed,there is a high requirementof training and skill upgradation.

1.8.1 TRAININGALREADY PROPOSED UNDER TNHP As part of the TNHP, a training programmehas beenworked out incorporatesthe projectneeds as well as the intermediate-termcapacity buildingneeds of the NHAI. The programmeconsists of a number of training modulesspecific to target groups. The training would coverthe basicprinciples and postulates of environmental assessment, mitigation plans and programmes (particularly the World Bank Operationa!Guidelines and NationalPolicy Perspectives),implementation techniques, monitoring and managementmethods and tools. Lookinginto the potentialrequirements of each of the target groups,several training moduleshad been suggestedas part of the TNHP. - Modulel: EnvironmentalOverview * Module Il: EnvironmentalRegulations and Acts * Module Ill: Pollution * Module IV: EnvironmentalImpact Assessment * ModuleV: Environmentalmanagement Plan * ModuleVI: HighwayProjects and EnvironmentalIssues MModule VIl: EnvironmentalIssues in the Project ModuleVIII: The EnvironmentalManagement Plan for HighwayProjects * Module IX: EnvironmentallySound ConstructionManagement * Module X: Planningfor EnvironmentallySustainable Operation of Highways * ModuleXl: LongTerm EnvironmentalIssues in HighwayManagement

1.8.2 ADDITIONALTRAINING The training under GTRIP has been devised taking into accountthe training already imparted under TNHPand the budgetaryallocations. The training is focusedon environmentalissues relatedwith road construction and both theoretical and practical aspects are covered. The Table 4 below gives the breakupof the proposedtraining underthe GTRIP for varioustarget groups:

Table 4 Proposedtraining programunder GTRIP _S. No. Target group Subject(s| Method Time Frame 1 1~~~3working days; at All NHAIstaff, Environmental Overview: Environmental wongds3 least 3 monthsbefore at ,1 supervisionconsulants' Regulations,Highway retated provisions of Lectures the beginningof the Environmental variousActs, EIA notification,process and implementationof the Specialists rmethodologyfor EIA, EMPsand their use GTRIP __ .__ Y2C LeaAssociates 36 z;_70 Envrronmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

S. No. Target group Subject(s) Method Time Frame ~li anagrs(nv ~ Implementationof EMPs: NHAI (Ho & PIU), Basic features of an EMP, Planning, designing 3 working days; 2 SuprvisonCosultnts'and executionof environmentalmitigation and Workshopsand wokndas l Environmental enhancement measures, monitoring and Seminars onermon begins Spenvaironnta evaluation of environmental conditions- during construction begins SpecialstsIconstruction and operation Environmentally Sound Construction Practices: All Managers (Env,) @ Clean Highway construction Alternativematerials and techniques technology,for NHAI (Ho & PIU), highways. Waste management and Seminars, 1 week,

3 Supenvironmental minimization in constrLuction,Pollution control Lectures and Just before the Spenialists,mContractors devices and methods for construction sites and Site visits beginning of st ff equipment. Environmental clauses in contract staft documents and their implications. Environmental monitoring during construction, Borrow ares & Construction camp management Monitoring Environmental Performnance All Managers (Env.) @ during Construction: NHAI (HQ & PIU), Air. Water and Noise Monitoring requirements Lectures, 2 days 1 4 Supervision Consultants' and techniques. Evaluation & Review of results. Workshops and During initial phases Environmental Performance indicators and their applicability, Site visits of construction Specialists corrective actions possible, reporting ______requirements and mechanisms l Long-terrn Environmental Issues in Highway Management: Designing and implementing environmental surveys for ambient air, noise, biological and 3 days 5 All Managers (Env.) water quality surveys, data storage, retrieval Workshops and During NHAI (HQ & PIU) and analysis, contract documents and Seminars implementation of environmental clauses, Risk assessment and GTRIP management, contingency planning and management, Highways as assets- ______management and value addition Short term forrnal training abroad: Environmental Impact Assessment- New 2 positions from all Methods and implications for highway projects, Seminars, Duration of the 6 Managers (Env.) @ modeling pollutant behaviour, cases may Workshops, site course (max. 3 NHAI (HQ & PIU) include implementation of EMPs and RAPs on visits months) similar projects-financed by the WB or other institutions. 1 positionfrom all Fulllength formal training abroad: FormalClasses,Etrduainoth 7 Mngr(Ev) EnvironmentalAssessment, Highway planning seminars,site Etr uaino h NHAI (HQNHAI &(HO PIU) and environmentalenvironment, infrastructureimplications, development visits course (I-2 years)

The cost for the entire training programmewill be Rs.2.1 million which has been apportionedto the budget of each contract packageequally.

1.8.3 Logistical SupportRequired The variousitems that need to be procuredfor the EnvironmentalUnit are listed below: * The environmentcell at the PIU will requirea vehicle to inspectworks on site. * Own equipmentsfor pollution monitoring viz. noise meter, hand-heldgas sensors, high volume samplers,water samplingkit etc. * The environmentalcell at each PIU to be connectedto the DocumentationUnit at CNHAIby NHAI- wide LAN (WAN). * Adequate computing facilities to allow the documentationunit to be self-sufficient including the latest versionof GIS softwaresuch as ARC Info, Mapinfoand Idrisi etc * All officials at the CNHAIto be providedtheir own PC, a common printer and an access to the Internet. In addition they should have accessto one licensed copy of the latest version of the software useful for environmentalwing. These could include Caline (for air pollution modelling from traffic pollution), Sound 32 (for traffic noise)and a fugacity-basedmodel (for predictingthe behaviourof volatile/hazardousmaterial that might spill on the road). * A well-stockedlibrary with books and manualsrelated to environmentalimpacts of infrastructurein generaland roadsin particular,would be an advantage.

Lea Associates 37 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Irnprovement Project

1.9 ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING PLAN

The purpose of the monitoring programme is to ensure that the envisaged purpose of the project are achieved and result in desired benefits to-the target population. To ensure the effective imp!enentation of the EMP, it is essential that an effective monitoring programme be designed and carried out. The broad objectives are • To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP * To evaluate the adequacy of Environmental Impact Assessment * To suggest improvements in management plan, if required * To enhance environmental quality * To satisfy the legal and community obligations.

1.9.1 PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (PIS) The physical, biological and social components identified as of particular significance in affecting the environment at critical locations have been suggested as Performance Indicators (Pls), and are listed below. * Air quality w.r.t SPM, RSPM and CO * Water quality w.r.t DO,BOD and Coliform count. * Noise levels around sensitive locations. * Replantation success J survival rate * Erosion indices - Restoration of borrow pits - Sedimentation rate in the downstream where bridges, culverts, etc are built * Vital statistics on health * Accident frequency Following sub-sections describe each of these Pls in detail.

1.9.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (AAQ) MONITORING Ambient air quality parameters recommended for road transportation developments are Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM), Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Oxides of

Nitrogen (NOx), Hydro-Carbons (HC), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Lead (Pb). These are to be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activity. Data should be generated over three days at all identified locations in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. (Table 5) The location, duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in the Environmental Monitoring Plan (Table 8)

Table 5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards Pollutants Time Sensitive Industrial Residential Methodof measurement

__ Weiqhted Area Area Rural &other 3 3 SulphurDioxide (SO 2) Annual' 15 jig/M 80 ag/rm 60 ,ug/r ImprovedWest and Gaeke method 24 hours- 30 ua/m3 120 ua/m3 90 ualm3 Ultravioletfluorescence Oxidesof Nitrooen(No,) Annual& 15 ua/mr 80hL.Um3 65 ual1m3 Jacoband Hochheiser 3 ___ 24 hours- 30 ualm3 120 uIa/mL3 91 14ar Gas phaseChemiluminescence 3 CarbonMonoxide (CO) 8 hours" 1000 5000 ultm3 2000 al/m Nondispersive infrared 3 ______1 hour 2000 1000 uam/m 4000 ua/m spectrascoppy Lead(Pb) Annual* 0_50,tg/m 3 1.0 ,ug/rn3 0.75jigIM 3 AAS Method24 hoursafter 3 ____hours*'24 __hours" _ _ 240.750 75 l.ig/rng/m3 11.5 5jg/rntLl3 101.00 uig/m gequivalent samplingusing filterpaper EPM 20000 or

RespirableParticulate Annual' 50ua/m3 120 aalm3 60uo/m 3 (RPM)- Sizeless then 10 24 hours" 75 jig/r 3 150jg/r 3 100pg/rn 3 LeaAssociates 38 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Pollutants Time Sensitive Industrial Residential Method of measurernent Weiqhted _ Area Area Rural &other Suspended Particulate Annual* 70 La/m' 360 tale 140 ua/m3 Average flow rate not less than 3 Matter (SPM) 24 hours" 100 Lta/rm 5Q0 oa/m 200 UO/M3 1.1 cu.m / minute SotuiceAnon 1996-97 NationalAmbient Air Q6ality MonitoringSeries NAQMS/a/I996-97, Central Pollution Contio Board,Delhi.

'Average Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurement in a year taken for a week 24 hourly at unitorm interval.

**24 hourly/8 hourly values should meet 98 percent of the time in a year

1.9.3 WATER QUALITY MONITORING The physical and chemical parametersrecommended for analysis of water quaEtyrelevant to road developmentprojects are pH, total solids, total dissolvedsolids, total suspendedsolids, oil and grease, COD. chloride, lead, zinc and cadmium. The location, duration and the pollution parametersto be monitoredand the responsibleinstitutional arrangements are detailedin the EnvironmentalMonitoring Plan (Table 8) The monitoring of the water quality is to be carried out at all identified locations in accordanceto the IndianStandard Drinking Water Specification- IS 10500: 1991 (statedin Table6)

Table 6 Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:1991

Permiissible St Substance or Requirement Undesirable Effect Linit in the Methods of No. Characteristic (Desirable Outside the Desirable Absenceof Test (Ret. To Remarks Limft) Limit Altemnate IS) Source Essential Characteristics 1 Colour, Hazen 5 Above 5, consumer 25 3025 (Part 4) Extended to 25 only if toxic units, Max. acceptance decreases 1983 substances are not suspected, in absence of altemate sources 2 Odour Unobjectionabl - 3025 (Parts a) Test cotd and when heated e 5):1984 b) Test at several dilutions

3 Taste Agreeable - 3025 (Part 7 Test to be conducted only and 8) after safety has been 1984 established 4 Turbidity NTU, 5 Above 5, consumer 10 3025 (Part 10) Max. acceptance decreases 1984

5 Ph Value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this range, the water No relaxation 3025 (Part 11) will affect the mucous 1984 membrane and/or water supplysystem 6 Total hardness 300 Encrustation in water supply 600 3025 (Part 21) (as CaCO.) structure and adverse 1983 MG/1, Max effects on domestic use 7 Iron (as Fe) 0.3 Beyond this limit 1 32 of 3025: mg/i, Max taste/appearance are 1964 affected, has adverse effect on domestic uses and water supply structures, and promotes iron bacteria 8 Chlorides (as Cl) 250 Beyond this limit, taste, 1000 3025 (Part mg/i, Max corrosion and palatibility are 32) affected 1988

9 Residual, free 0.2 - 3025 (Part 26) To be applicable only when chlorine, mg/i, 1986 water is chlorinated. Tested Min at consumer end. When protection against viral infection is required. it should be Mm 0.5 mg/i Desirable Characteristics 1 Dissolved solids 500 Beyond this palatabiliy 2000 3025 (Part 16) mg/i, Max decreases and may cause 1984 gastro intestinal irritation

Lea Associates 39 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

1--- Permissible Si. Substance or Requirement UndesirableEffect Limit in the Methods of No. Characteristic (Desirable Outsidethe Desirable Absenceof Test (Ref.To Linmit) Limit Alternate IS) Remarks Source 2 Calcium(as Ca) 75 Encrustationin watersupply 200 3025 (Part40) mg/1 Max structureand adverse 1991 effects on domestic use 3 Magnesium(as 30 Encrustationto watersupply 100 16,33, 34 of Mg),mg/l. Max structureand adverse IS 3025: 1964 effectson domesticuse 4 Copper(as Cu) 0.05 Astringenttaste, 1.5 36 of 3025: rmg/i,Max discolorationand corrosion 1964 of pipes,fitting and utensils I lwillbe causedbeyond this 5 Manganese(as 0.1 Beyondthis limit 0.3 35 of 3025:- Mn) mg/l Max taste/appearanceare 1964 affected,has adverse effectson domesticuses andwater supply structures 6 Sulphate(as 200 200 Beyondthis causesgastro 400 3025 (Part24) Maybe extendedup to 400 SO4) mg/l Max intestinalirritation when 1986 provided(as Mg) does not magnesiumor sodiumare exceed30 present

7 Nitrate(as NO2) 45 Beyondthis 100 3025 (Part34) mg/i, Max methaemoglobinemiatakes 1988 place 8 Fluoride(as F) 1 Fluoridemay be keptas low 1.5 23 of 3025: mg/i, Max as possible.High fluoride 1964 maycause fluorosis 9 Phenolic 0.001 Beyondthis, it maycause 0.002 54 of 3025:- compounds(As objectionabletaste and 1964 C6HsOHImg/i, odour Max 10 Mercury(as Hg) 0.001 Beyondthis, the water No relaxation (seeNote) To be tested whenpoliution is mg/i, Max becomestoxic Mercuryion suspected becomes toxic analyser 11 Cadmium(as 0.01 Beyondthis, thewater No relaxation (Seenote) To be tested whenpollution is Cd),mg/i. Max becomestoxic suspected 12 Selenium(as 0.01 Beyondthis, thewater No relaxation 28 of 3025: To be testedwhen pollution is Se),mg/1, Max becomestoxic 1964 suspected 13 Arsenic(As As) 0.05 Beyondthis, thewater No relaxation 3025 (Part37) To be testedwhen pollution is mgl/, max becomestoxic 1988 suspected 14 Cyanide(As 0.05 Beyondthis limit,the water No relaxation 3025 (Part27) To be testedwhen pollution is CN), mg/i, Max becomestoxic 1986 suspected 15 Lead(as Pb), 0.05 Beyondthis limit, thewater No relaxation (seenote) To be tested whenpollution is mg/i, Max becomestoxic suspected 16 Zinc (As Zn). 5 Beyondthis limit it can 15 39 of 3025: To be tested whenpollution is Mg/i, Max causeastringent taste and 1964) suspected an opalescencein water 17 Anionic 0.2 Beyondthis limit it can 1 Methylene- To be tested whenpollution is detergents(As causea light froth in water blueextraction suspected MBAS)mg/I, method Max 1B Chromium(As 0.05 Maybe carcinogenicabove No relaxation 38 of 6 3025: To be testedwhen pollutionis Cr -) mg/i, Max this limit 1964 suspected 19 Poly nuclear Maybe carcinogenicabove aromatic this limit hydrocarbons (as PAH) gil, Max 20 Mineraloil mgl/, 0.01 Beyondthis limit undesirable 0.03 Gas Max tasteand odour after Chromatograp chlorinationtake place hic method 21 Pesticidesmg/I, Absent Toxic 0.001 Max

Lea Associates 40 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A Grand TrunkRoad Improvement Project

- ,1- Perniissible Si. Sustance or Requirement UndesirableEffect Limitin the Methodsof No. Characteristic (Desirable Outsidethe Desirable Absenceof Test (Ref. To Remarks No.harateritic Limit) Limit Alternate IS) ______{ Source ______22 Radioactivematerials . 580of 3025:01964

23 a) Alpha emitters - 0.1 - Bq/1,Max 24 Betaemiters . 1 . pci/I, Max 25 Aluminum(as 200 Beyondthis limittaste 600 13 of Al), mg/i, Max becomesunpleasant 3025:1964 26 Aluminum(as '0 03 Cumulativeeffect is reported 0.2 31 of 3025: Al), mg/i, Max to causedementia 1964 27 Boron,mg/i, 1 5 29 of 302a: Max 1964

Source:Indian Standard Dnnkrng Water Speciricatfon-1S10500:1991

1.9.4 NOISELEVELS MONITORING The measurementsfor monitoring noise levels would be carried out at all designated locations in accordanceto the Ambient Noise Standardsformulated by CentralPollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1989 (refer Table 7). Sound pressure levels would be monitoredon twenty-four hour basis. Noise should be recordedat a 'A"weighted frequency using a " slow time responsemode" of the measuring instrument. The location, duration and the noise pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsibleinstitutional arrangements are detailedin the EnvironmentalMonitoring Plan (Table 8).

Table7 NoiseLevel Standards (CPCB) Km. Noiselevel for Day Noiselevel for Time Leg d (A) Night Time d81Al Industrialarea 75 70 Commercialarea 65 55 Residentialarea 55 45 Silencezone 50 40 Day time- 6.00 am- 9. 00 pm (15 hours) Nighttime - 9.00pm - 6.00 am (9 hours)

1.10 MONITORING PLAN The monitoringplan for the various performanceindicators of the projectin the constructionand operationstages is surmimarisedin the Table 8.

Lea Associates 41 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Table 8 Environmental Monitoring Plan Envi Project MONITORING _ Institutional respons!pibility component Stage Parameters Special Guidance Standards Location (Chainage) Frequency Duration Implementation Supervision stage High volume sampler to be Air (Prevention Wherever the 3, 8-hr, samples RSPM,S02, located50 m fromThe plant and Controlof contractordecides to per day,once hotnours!otor 1Conthrouhapporovd PnIUNeer N%,CO, in the downwinddirection. Pollution) locatethe Hotmix every'season for wor/oorin day l monthorighagpoencygiee HC ~~Usemethod specified by Rules,CPCB, pat3 yearswokndamnirnggec

located 40 m from the plant and Control of Stretch of the road 3 samples per Continuous 24 Contractor SPM, RSPM in the downwind direction. Pollution) whe'reconstruction Is day, once every hours! or for 1 full through approved PIU, NHAIV Use method specified by Rules, CPCB, in progress site month for 3 years working day monitoring agency Engineer CPCB for analysis 1994 (i) Start of the corrdor @ km. 317.400 (ii) At toll plaza on the Air VRM bypass @ km. 11.000 3 samples per (iii) Extension of day, once every Air (Prevention Mughalsarai at the alternate years Operation RSPM, 2. High VolumeSampler to be and Controlof end of VRM bypass§ upto2006, then Cniuu 4PU HINA Operation RSPM,O, located at 15 m from the Pollution) km. 23.500 every thir year Cotuus 24 PIU, NHAI NHAI stage NO, CO, edge of pavement Rules, CPCB, (iv) Chandauli town @ until 2015 and Pb, HC 1994 km. 30.700 then every 5th (v) On Saidraja year until 2025 at bypass @ km. 39.500 7 locations (vi) Karmnasha village @ km. 48.000 (vii) Durgavati village ______@~km. 58.000 _- pH, BOD, Grab sample collected from (i) River Karmnasa @ COD, TDS, sourceand analyse as per Waterqualit m 4.0 Onceevery year Contractor PIU, NHAII Consrucion TSS, O tnadMtosfr tnad yk.4.0 for 3 yearsat 2 throughapproved Engi'neer stage Oil & Examination of Water and CPCBstandrs km. 57.600 locations monitoring agency Greaseand Wastewater k.5.0 ______Pb.______End of summer before the onset Water of monsoon Ouality pH, Grab samplecollected from (i) RiverKarmnasa Q everyalternate Operatin. BOD,COD,T source and analyse as per Water quality km. 47.00 year until 2006, stagerb DOS,TSS, Standard Methods for standards by ) River Durgavati NHAI NHAI DO, Pb, Oil Examination of Water and CPCB km. 57.600 year until 2015 and Grease Wastewater and then every fifth year upto 2025 at 2

42 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvernent Project

Envl Project ______MONITORING _ __ _ Institutional-responsib ily component Stage Parameters Special Guidance | Standards | Location (Chainage) _Frequenc Duration Implementation Supervision Frefedat1 m from the Readingsto be Noise levels equipment whose noise Noise As and takenthen at 15 seconds Contractor Er NHAI on dB (A) lrevelfieldigsadrsb teqimn adeesr intervalfor 15 throughapproved Egne scale determined CPstndardb Ateupntyrsecsryminutes everyhour monitoringagency Egne

Construction ca determined and then averaged. __. _ __ _ stage Equivalent noise levels Once every four Readings to be Noiseleves usig anintegatednoiseNois As drectd bIthe oncehverfour3 takenat IS5seconds Contractor PIU NHAI/ onsca)llveois Alevel vel mestanermeter kepkept at aron standardsbyse bythe AsEngineer directed b yearsmontsat fo 7 3 minutesinterval forevery 15 hour monitoringthrough approvedagency Egne Noise levels pavement locations and then averaged. Once every alternate year Equivalent noise levels (i) Start of the corridor until 2006, then Readings to be Contractor Operation Noise levels using an integrated noise Noise @ km. 317/150(ii) In every third year taken at 15 seconds thrh aEin Operation on dB (A) level meter kept at a standards by Chandauli @ km. untg 2015 and interval for 15 aproug an ngieer, scale distance of 15 from edge of CPCB 30/700(iii) Durgawati then every 5th minutes every hour monitoring agency pavement village @ km. 581000 year until 2025 at and then averaged. 3 locations

Threshold for each At productive Sample of soil collected to contaminant At pcrducturalivle Ax of t Contractor Monitoring acidifiedand analysed set by IRIS agriultuigralfladetus Ma fthrough an Engineer, Construction of Pb, Cr, using absorptidatabase of dvours labungocations for eachapproved stage ofn asrpinUSEPA until andtraffic diversions, of the3 years mpponitrinagencyHA Cd spectrophotometry eachnational to be identified by the monitoring agency standards are Engineer

Soil ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Thresholdpromulgated.for each MonitorinSample o soil colected to contaminant At accidentI spill A e h HI hog n NA MongringSampe o soi colecte to set by IRIS locationsinvolving occuerrenceofAI,approved a NA Operation of heavy acidified and analysed database of bulk transport carrying sc i,rNncient mppon ge stage metals, oil using absorption USEPA until hazardous materials and grease spectruphotometry national standardsare

As laid out in Pre- Monitoring It shouldbe ensuredthat dDuring the felling Forest PU NA Construction of fellingof onlythose trees that are Design for the Alaonthcridr ftes prmntIJ,NA Stage trees markedare felled. rIect ______Roadside ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Thesurvival plantation Survivalrate ~~~~~~~~~~~~~The_ _ number_ _ _ _ of _ trees_ _ _ _ _ ._ _._ _ _ _ ratepr o shouldm u l ga t7Ce dbe . A oain fEeyya o planttion Operation of trees survivingduring each visit at least 70% compensationsovry years fr NHAI NHAI stage Suessof shouldbe comparedwith belowwhich patto vegetation numberof saplingsplanted~ replantation patto

43 y EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

1.11 BILL OF QUANTITIES

1.11.1 SPECIFIC ENHANCEMENT SITES The specific enhancementsites selectedfrom the field survey have been treatedwith a view to retain their unique characterwhile allowingthe road-userto identify the continuumalong the Grand Trunk Road. The enhancementshave been based on certain common elements,which have been used throughout all the packagesof the GTRIP. Based on the treatment envisaged,Eills of Quantitiesof various items have been preparedfor each site. The Table 9 summarizesthe various quantities for packageIV A and can be used in conjunctionwith the dravwngsfor constructionon site.

Table 9 Summary Bill of Quantities for Specificenhancement locations

S. No. Description |unit I Qty. S. No. Description Unit Qty. Chainage41.600 11 Debonix& salix Nos 124 1 Pavingtype 4 Sqm | 780.63 12 Shrubs Nos 120 2 Brick pitching Sqm 2100 13 Azadirachtaindica Nos 44 3 P.C.C.(M 20) Cum 19.8 14 Tall shrubs Nos 44 4 Railing Rm 100 15 Magnifora Nos 7' 5 Treesitting Nos 1 16 Parking Nos 2 6 Washingghat Nos 1 Chainage48.800 7 Neem Nos 21 1 Brickpaving T-4 Sqm 235 8 Tamarind Nos 21 2 Brick pavingtype 2 Sqm 205 9 BottleBrush Nos 66 3 Shrubs Nos 36 Chainage25.600 4 Delonix/salix Nos 19 1 Pavingtype 4 Sqm 716.695 5 Magniferaindica Nos 15 2 Pavingtype 2 Sqm 95 6 Treesetting T-6 Nos 1 3 Stone pitching Sqm 980 7 P.C.C.(M 20) Cum 33 4 Azadirachtaindica Nos 23 Chainage25.800 5 Magnifera indica05 23 Brick PavingT-4 Sqm -724 5 Magnifera indica Nos 23 ~12 Brickpitching Sqm 1432 6 Seciaixore Nos 97 3 Washingghat Nos 7 Debonix region Nos 47 4 Parking Nos 1 8 P.C.C.(M 20) cu.m. 60.876 5 Shrubs Nos 88 Chainage317.450 6 Amiatastree Nos 48 1 Pavingtype 4 Sqm 237.7 7 Turfing Sqm 882 2 Pavingtype 2 Sqm 80.84 8 Canopy Nos 1 3 Brick edging Rm 32 9 P.C.C.(M 20) Cum 54,3 4 Turfing Sqm 338.08 Chainage28.300 5 Shrubs Nos 56 1 Brick PavingT-4 Sqm 1611.6 6 Azadarchitaindica Nos 10 2 Pavingtype 2 Sqm 374 7 Tall Shurbs Nos 12 3 Turfing Sqm 1583 8 Sittingtype2 Nos 1 4 Brickpitching Sqm 2173 9 Sittingtype7 Nos 1 5 Washingghat Nos | 1 D P-C.C. (M 20) Cum 23.8905 6 Neem Nos 13 Chainage32.300 7 Gulmohar Nos 13 1 Pavingtype 4 Sqm 1138.2 8 Sax Nos 13 2 Excavation Cum 21 9 PCC.(M20) Cum 148.92 3 P.C.C Cum 11.88 Chainage23.700 1 Brick PavingT-4 Sqm 436.96 5 Brick work Cum 13.92 2 Tree sitting type 2 _ Sqm 2 6 Pavingtype2 Sqm 196 3 Treesittingtype7 Nos 2 7 Plaster Sqm | 80.64 4 Planter Nos 40 8 Steelt Kg 2800 S Neem Nos 15 9 Turfing Sqm 2003.7 6 Gulmohar Nos 15 10 P.C.C.(M 20) Cum 100.065 7 | P.( )C | 3

7 P.C. C. M20cum I .

44 L77 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

S. No. Description Unit Cty. S. No. Description Unit Qty. Chainage 49.700 9 Salix Nos 19 1 Brick Paving T-4 Sqm 1124 10 Amiatas Nos 19 2 Brick pitching Sqm 1148 11 Turfing Sqm 361 3 Washing ghat Nos 1 12 P.C.C. (M 20) Cum 9765 4 Neem Nos 48 Chainage NAUBATPUR Bypass 5 Flowering bed Sqm 718| 1 Paving type 2 Sqm 50.961 6 Parkinc Nos I1 2 Paving type3 Sqm 15003.68 7 P.C C (M 20) Cum 84.3 3 Turfing Sqm 795.6 Chaina e 9.500 4 Parking Nos 1.0o 1 Brick pitching Sqm 2199 5 Arjuna Nos 15.00 2 Parking Nos 1 6 Gulmohar Nos 15 00 3 Paving type 2 Sqrr, 1302 7 Azardirachta Nos 7 00 4 Azardica indica Nos 82 8 Tamanndus Nos 7 00 5 Tamarindus indica Nos 82 9 Enerthemum Nos 150 00, 6 Tree sitting type 6 Nos 1 10 Hibiscus Shrubs Nos 256.00 7 j Washing ghat Nos 1 11 P.C.C. Cum 79.098 8 Gulmohar Nos 19

1.11.2 TYPICAL ENHANCEMENTELEMENTS

The typical mitigation/enhancement designs were prepared using information collected during the field visit with a view to allow the local communities and the road-users to enjoy the benefit of a better corridor of movement while ensuring their safety. An additional aim was to try and mitigate the potential negative impacts of the development of a wider, high-speed corridor on the host communities. All the designs created are attached with each Environmental Management Plan. Each corridor uses only a portion of all the designs created. The environmental management plan has referred to the particular drawing to be used for each package for environmental mitigation/enhancement. Other details of locations are available in the relevant appendices. The Table 10 below gives the quantities for the typical designs:

Table 10 Bill of Quantities for Typical enhancement elements

NSi., t Item Unit Quantity No. Item Unit Quantity

Drawing T-1, Dog leg for access restriction 2 P. C. C. (1:3:6) Cu. m. 4.50 1 Excavation Cu. m. 3.67 3 P.C. C. (1:2:4) Cu. m. 5.40 2 P.C.C.(M 20) Cu. m. 0.78 4 Plaster Sq. m. 126.00 3 Brick bats Cu. m. T040 DrawingT-7, Barrierto preventgarbage dumping 4 Brickwork Cu. m. 403 1 Excavation Cu. m. 508.50

5 Cement tiles Sq. m. 2.26 2 Filling . Cu. m. 161.50 6 Plastering Sq. m. 20.48 3 Brickwork Cu. m 630.61 7 P.C.C. (M 20) Cu. m. 0.13 4 F. C. C. (M 20) Cu. m. 113.89 Drawing T-2, Ramped Access 5 Soil for vegetation Cu. m.'| 37.26 1 Excavation Cu. M. 5.25 6 R. C. C. Cu. m. 20.48 2 P. C. C. (M 20) | Cu. m. 2.97 7 Cement tiles Cu. m. 538.50 3 Cement Tiles | Sq. m. 20 8 Rammed Brickbats Cu m 536.50 4 Hume Pipe (0.9 m. C) No. (3.5 1 9 25mm 0 pipe m. 62.63 l_____ l______| m long) _ Drawing T-8, Handpump Type - 1 Drawing T-4, Sedimentation Chamber 1 Excavation Cu. m. 2.65 I1 Excavation Cu. m. 27.24 2 P. C. C. Cu. m. 1.57 2K__ P.C.C. Cu.m. 1.54 3 R. C.C. Cum. | 0.11 3 R C C. Cu. m. B.18 4 Brickwork Cu. m. 0.94 4 Iron rungs No, 7 5 Plaster Sq. m. 6.28 5 Plaster Sq. m. 2.44 6 P. V. C. pipe m. 1.0 6 C. I. Pipe (0.9 m. 0) I No. 1 7 1Aggregate(12mm) Cu. m. 0.30 7 R. C. C. pipe (0.9 m. 0) No. 1 8 IGeosynthetic Fabric Sq. m. 0.94 Drawing T45, Cascade (10 m wide) Drawing T-9 (i), Handpump Type - 2 1 t Brickwork | Cu. m. 27.00 1 Excavation Cu. m. 1.49

45 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road improvement Project

SF. No. Item Unit Quantity S.Item Unitj Quantity ~2N- P, C. C Cu.M. 1.49 3No P.C. C. (M 15) Cu.M. 0.55 3 Brickwork Cu. 0.56 -4 Brclwork Cu. M. 6.32 ~4 Plaster Sq.m. 8.54 5 Earthfilling Cu. M. 9.18 DangT-9(ii), HandpurmpType - 6 Plaster ISq. m. 9.13 1 Excavation___Cu. M. 1.86 7 BrickPaving Sm. 8.60

2 P. C. C. Cu. M. 1.66 DrawingT-20 (i), Seatingtype T-6 ___ 3 Brickwork Cu. M. 0.52 1 Excavation Cu. M. 24.03 4 Plaster Sq.M 17.2 2 P. C. C. (M 20) Cu. M. I16,59

Drawing T-12,Simple Seating _____ 3 Brickwork cu. M 15.91 1 JExcavation 1Cu.m. 0.55 4 P. C.C. (M 15) Cu. M. 0.30 2 P. C.C, Cu.M. 0.14 5 Earthfilling Cu.M. 10,13 3 Brickwork Cu. M. 0.63 6 Pla~ster Sq. m. 14~53 4 Plaster Sq M. 2.22 DrawingT-20 (ii), Seatingtype T-6

_____Stone slab (25 mm th.) Sq.m. 0.96 Li -EcvtonCum. 73 Drawing T-14, Oil Interceptor 2 P. C. C. (M20) Cu.M. 2.43 1 Excavation Cu. M. 57~54 3 Brickwork Cu. M. 10.04 2 jP. C. C. (1:3:6) Cu. M. 2.05 4 P. C. C. (M 15) Cu. M. 0.55 3 R.C.C, Cu. M. 11.82 5 Earthfilling Cu. M. 5.41 4 M. S. pipe Kg 16 6 1Plaster Sq.m. 9.54 5 Manholecover (1 .3x0.7) No. 1 DrawingT-21, Seating type T-7 6 Manholecover No. I 1I Excavation Cu.mn- 1229 ____(1 .6ii.775) 2 P. C. C.(M 20) Cu. M. 2.64 7 Gravel Cu m. 1.72 ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~3Brckwork Cu.M. 110.73 8 Sand Cu.M. 0.99 4 P. C. C. (M 1) Cu.M, 1,14 9 Ge-osyntheticfabric Sq.m. 1.39 5 Earthfilling Cu.M. 6,00 DrawingT-15, Planterdetail (for 10 sq. m.) _____ 6 PatrS.m 13

1 Excavation Cu.M. 4.66 DravvngT-22, Well Shaft touchingditch ____ 2 jP.C.C. Cu.M. 0.75 1 P. C. C. (M15) Cu.M. 2.49 3 JCementTiles Sq.m. 10.00 2 jP. C. C. (M 20) Cu. M. 0.38 4 Kerbstone No. 20 3 Brickwork Cu. M. 4.25 5 Earthfilling Cu.M. 4.00 4 Plaster Sq.m. 46.79 Drawing T-16,Gabion Box Structure____ Earthfilling Cu. M. 5.0 1 RandomStone [Cum. 6 .35 6 [ .. se090 o 2 NaturalSoil [Cu.M. j0.85 OrawingT-23A& T-23B ______3 Wire Meshbox Sq.m. 6.40 1 P. C. C. (M 15) Cu. M. 0.77 DrawingT-17, Silt fencing(unit as per sketch) 2 P. C. C. (M 20) Cu. M. 0.16 1 Angles(25x25x3 mm) M. 4.43 3 Brickwor Cu.M. 303 2 Geosyntheticfabric Sq.m. 1.85 4 Plaster Sq. M. 20.70

3 Supportinigmesh Sq. m. 2.00 5 Gravel/Debric Cu M, 5,17 5Binding wire Kg 0.250257 7 DesignesgnReaiin Retaining wllwall No.N 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~g DrawingT-18 ('i.Seating type T-1 ____Drawing T-24,Recharging pit for urbandrain ____ I Excavation Cu. M. 20.90 1 Excavation fCu.M. 0.57 2 P C. C. (M 20) Cu. M. 3.89 2 P.C. C. (M 15) Cu.M. 0.37 3 P. C. C. (M 15) Cu. M. 2.65 3 Brickwork Cu. M, 1.32

4 Brickvwork Cu. M 15.96 4 Plaster ___Sq. m. 10.61 5 Earthfilling Cu. M- 10.84 5 Aggregate Cu.M. 0.57 6 Plaster Sq.m. 1 5.18 6 1Geosynthetic fabric Sq.M. 7.54

Drawing T-18 (ii), Seatingtype T-2 _____ DrawingT-25, Washing platform ____ tl Excavation Cu. M. 14.65 1 Exaation Cu.M. 98 2 P. C.C, (M 20) Cu. M. 3.29 2 P. C. C. (MiS5) Cu.M. 2.56 P.C, C.(M 15) Cu.M. 1.35 3 R. C. C. Cu.M. 2.47 4 Brickwork Cu. M. 13.96 4 StoneMasonry Cu.M. 7.42 5 Plaster Sq.M. 10.54 DrawingT-26, Oil Interceptorfor parkingareas, etc. 6 Earthfilling Cu. m. 12.20 1 Excavabon Cu.M. 0.47 7 Brick paving Sq.m. 8.32 P.C. C. (M 15) Cu.M. 0.49 DrawingT-19, Seating type T-3 3 Brickwork Cu.M. 0.40 ii - Excavation Cu.mn. .5.20 4 Plaster Sq.M. 2.34 L2 P.C C. (M 20) [um713 ie01m)m 5 Pipe(0. I mO) M. D.~~~~~ur2 46 L7 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

No. Item Unit Quantity Si. Item Unit Quantity 6 Lid (M S. - 5 mm th.) No. 1 3 Lengthof railng m. 10 2 Drawing T-27, Typical paving with cement tiles(1OM ) DrawingT-31, Canopy I Excavation - Cu.m. 0.75 1 Excavation [ Cu. m. 38.88 2 P.C C Cum.M 0.75 2 P.C.C. Cu.m 4.62 3 Tiies Sq.m. 10 3 R. C. C. Cu m. 19.87 Drawing T-28, Railing 4 Floonng Sq.m. 25.0 1 | Excavation Cu. m. 0.13 5 Plaster Sq.m. 20.16 2 | P C C Cu. m. 0.13 6 Steel Kg 700 1.12 ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT- BUDGET The environmentalbudget for the variousenvironmental management measures proposed in the EMPF is detailedin Table 11. There are severalother environmentalissues that have been addressedas part of good engineeringpractices, the costs for which have been accountedfor in the EngineeringCosts.

47= GC7A 47 EnwivonnientalManiagenenrit Plani - Package IV A Trmnk Road ImnprovementProject _Grand ______

Table 11 Environmental Budget for Contract Package IV A (INR) Unit UnitCost (Rs) QUANTITY I Total Cost COMPONENT |_ STAGE ITEM Mitigation I Enhancementcosts 30,000 76.1 Coveredin Engineering Construction Dust Managementwith sprinkling of water, covers fori Km Costs vehicles transportingconstruction material Air 3,00,000 1 300,000 0 eration Facilities/Arrangementfor vehicularexhaust monitoring No. nha ncement of HandpumDs IRelocation/E 75.000 25.000 _ 3 Handpump type 1 No. 1 _ _. . ____ 3.500 2 No. 3 500 Handpump type 1 3,500 Hre-Consiruclion1andpumptype 3 _ No. 3.500 measures for vrells__l Pr-Cntrcio rotection/Enhancement 120.000 30,000 4 Wy_t_pe A No. 324,000 Water No. 27,000 12 Well type B 300.000 No. 30,000 10 Well Iype C 20 148,000 Silt Fencing(20 m long) No. of location 7,400 2 4.000 Oil Interceptorsat Vehicleparking areas No. 2.000 24 768.000 Construction Oil Interceptor No. 32,000 19.000 36 684,000 Recharge pits under Urban Drains No. m. 5 Coveredin Enginee ng costs Construction Turfing/Pitching sq. Soil m. 150 60,052 9.007,812 Operation Redevelopmentof Borrowareas sq. 260.540 m. 1.400 186.1 Construction DoubleGlazing of windowsat Sensitivereceptors sq. at sensitive receptor 5 Barriers for reducing noise levels 709 3_545 000 walls 5_000 Noise locationsand raising of boundary screeningat sensitivereceptors Operation Plantationfor vegetative 1.0475 66,202 upto a distance of 100m on either side of the structure ha 63,200 ______.___ .______vwithinthe RoW. 900,000 No. 100,000 9 Pre-Construclion Relocationof Shrines,Temples, etc. Provisionfor seating pavingand/or enclosure as applic ble 520 802 417,040 Pavingaround shrnes not specificallyenhanced sq. m. 1 819 1,228.500 CulturalProperties s Construction -Fencingaround shrines not specifically enhanced M Specific enhancementmeasures along 4A (details for Sumtotal ____Sum_total_9450761.05 individualsites as per specific drawings) 500,000 No, 5,000 100 Flora Pre-Construction Transplantation 124260 6,710,040 wire fencealong the outeredges of the m. 54 Construction Puttingup of barbed ______...... __ (slaggered to follow RoW 2,280,000 for eachfelled No. 75 30400 civil works) Compensatoryplantation @ 2 trees 1.509,975 tree species No. 75 20133 Landscapingalong the highwayusing specified 6,718,800 c/c No. 1,100 6108 Tree guardfor trees in the first row @ 12 m 1 237,845 No. 35 35367 MedianPlantation 2 12,000 alongthe highway No. 6,000 Landscapingat T-junctions 138.000 11,500 12 ,Landscaping at Y-junctions along the highway No. o 48Iw 48 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A ______Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Total Cost (INR) ITEM Unit Unit Cost (Rs) QUANTITY COMPONENT STAGE 24.000 alongthe highway No. 12,000 2 ______Landscaping at X-junctions Cosis usingfencing if needed m. 54 as required Demarcatingborrow areas clearly _ Cot Construction 100 000 Miscellaneousinformalory signs and others L.S 100,000 1 15,000 Provisionof an improviseddog-leg arrangement to prevent No. 15,000 on to the NH... 100.000 S f R~~~~~~~~~~uickaccess structures m 2,500 40 Safety Provisionof crash barriersnear locally important 2,25.000 17 Coveted n Engi Operation Provisionfor Bus-stop No. at Constructioncamps & Provision of Hoarding/Posters 2 240,000 Trucklay bys and Provisionof healthchecks at construction No. 1,20.000 47,191,616 .______(A) Mitigation I Enhancernent Costs .______.. Monitoring costs samplesper day, once every 135,000 Monitoringnear all hot mix plant locationsapproved by the No. of Samples . 3, 8-hr, ______Construction Engineer______per day,once every month 540,000 Monitoringat constructionsites in tandemwith construction No. of Samples 5,000 3 samples 3 samples per day. once every Air alternateyear upto 2006, then every 5,000 third year until 2015 and then every 210.000 Operation At sensitivereceptors specified in the monitoringplan No. of Samples fifth year until 2025 at 7 locations (=42) 30,000 Durgavati@ No. of Samples 5,000 Once every year for 3 years at 2 Construction (i) River Karmnasha@ km. 47/000(ii)River ______locations______km. 57/600 ______End of summer before the onset of monsoon every altemate year until ()RvrKrnsa~k.4/0(i ie ugvt 60.000 Water Quality River Durgavatit No. of Samples 5.000 2006,then every third year upto 2015 'Operation (i) River56 Karmnasha km. 47/00(ii) every 5thyear until 2025 at 2 km. 571600 and then ______locations(=12) _(=12) ______As and whennecessary (36 samples) 144,000 At equipment_ards No. of Samples4,000 every four monthsfor 3 years at 252.000 Construction Asdrce yteEgne o fSmls400Once No. of Samples4.000 7 locationss max. ("63) 252.00C__7c Noisedirected Constrby the As Engineer Once every alternateyear until 2006, Noise Chandauli@ No. of Samples4,000 then every tfitrhdyear until 2025 at 372,000 Operation (i) Start of the corridor@ km. 317/150(ii)In then every third year until 2015 and 7200 Operation km. 301700(iii)Durgawati village@ km. 561000 locations(=1B) Max of 7 locationsfor each of the 3 108000 Costuco At productiveagricultural lands abuttingtraffic detoursand K f Sam tes 6,000 years Soii Constructon traffic diversions,to be identifiedby theEngineer At Sevenlocations (assumed) 42,000 _Operation hAtaccident / spill locationsinvolving bulk transportcarrying No of Samples6,000 Operation______hazardous materialsNoofSnpe600AtSvnlcins(sud)40D 25,000 25,000 Pre-Construction All along the corridor L.S L.S 25.000per year At locations of compensato Flora Operation At locationsof compensatoryplantation

49 e .=CmZ7t Environmental Management Plan - PackageIV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Cost (INR) COMPONENT STAGE |ITEM | Unit |Unit cost (Rs) |QUANTITl Total Training& Mobilisation Costs Training & Constructionand S Portionof totalcost MobilisationCosts Operation As per modulesdeveloped for the GTRIP L. of training 30000 Facilities and Constructionand 1 monitoring kit for air, water and Operation As workedout in the logisticalsupport requirement L.S 200,000 noise,1 Coputer with printer200,000 Erection of hoardings indicating the RoW availabilityand N 2,000 77 154,0 Advocacy and policy legalcharges for encroachment making for operation Holding meetings for policy planning and subsequent preventionof Ribbon P review meetings with all stakeholderslike the Revenue g meetingsin the first three years and development Department, local elected representatives,town-planning No. 5,000 subsequent review meetings every 100,000 authorities,NHAI, local NGOs, etc. year(=20) (B) Monitoringand TrainingCosts 2,447,000 Total Costs (A+B) 49,638,516 .______Contingency ______@ 6% 2,481,926 . . _TOTAL BUDGETEDCOSTSCO52,100,000 Note 1: The provisionfor vehiclefor monitoringwill be madefrom contingencyfund for the EMPimplementation

50 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

1.13 SPECIFICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT WORKS

1.13.1 JUNGLE CLEARANCE Jungleclearance shall compriseuprooting of rank vegetation,grass, brushwood, shrubs, stumps, trees and saplingsof girth upto 30 cm measuredat a height of one metre abovethe groundlevel. Where only clearanceof grass is involved it shall be measuredand paid for separately. Uprooting of vegetation The roots of trees and saplings shall be removed to a depth of 60 cm belowground level or 30 cm belowformation level or 15 cm belowsub grade level, whicheveris lower.All holes or hollowsformed due to removal of roots shall be filled up with earth rammedand levelled.Trees, shrubs, poles, fences, signs, monuments,pipe lines, cable etc. within or adjacent to the area which are not required to be disturbedduring jungle clearanceshall be properly pro'ected by the contractorat his own cost and nothingextra shall be payable. Stacking and disposal All useful materialsobtained from clearing and grubbing operationshall be stacked in the manner as directed by the Engineer.Trunks and branchesof trees shall be clearedof limbs and tops and stacked neatly at places indicated by the Engineer-in-Charge.The materials shall be the property of the Government. All unserviceablematerials, which in the opinion of the Engineercannot be used or auctioned, shall be removed up to a distance of 50 m outside the periphery of the area under clearance.It shall be ensuredby the contractorthat unserviceablematerials are disposedoff in such a mannerthat there is on likelihoodof gettingmixed up with the materialsmeant for construction.

1.13.2 FELLING TREES Felling: While clearingjungle, growth trees above 30 cm girth (measured at a height of one metre above ground level) to be cut, shall be approved by the Engineer-in-Chargeand then marked at site. Felling trees shall include taking out roots up to 60 cm below ground level or 30 cm below formation level or 15 cm belowsub-grade level, whicheveris lower. All excavationsbelow generalground level arising out of the removal of trees, stumps etc. shall be filled withsuitable material in 20 cm layers and compactedthoroughly so that the surface at these points conformto the surroundingarea. The trunks and branchesof trees shall be cleared of limbs and tops and cut into suitablepieces as directedby the Engineer-in-Charge. Stacking and Disposal:Wood, branches,twigs of trees and other useful material shall be the property of the Government. The serviceable materials shall be stacked in the manner as directed by the Engineer-in-Chargeup to a lead of 50 m. All unserviceablematerial, which in the opinionof Engineer- in-Chargecannot be used or auctioned shall be removed from the area and disposedoff as per the directions of the Engineer-in-Charge.Care shall be taken to see that unsuitablewaste materials are disposedoff in such a manner that there is no likelihoodof these getting mixed up with the materials meant for construction.

1.13.3 EARTHWORK Excavationin all kindsof soil All Excavationoperation shall include excavation and getting out the excavation materials.In case of excavationfor trenches 'getting out' shall include throwing the excavatedmaterials at a distance of at least one meter or half the depth of excavation,whichever is cleareroff the edge of excavation. During the excavation the natural drainage of the area shall be maintained.Excavation shall be done from top to bottom. Under mining or under cuttingshall not be done.

Lo Aseial..es 51 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

The excavationshall-be done true to levels, slope shape& patternindicated by the engineerin change.

1.13.4 FILLING Lumps & clods exceeding 8 cm in any direction shall be broken. Each layer shall be watered and consolidatedwith steel rammer or-1/2 tonne roller. Where specifiedevery third & top most layer shall also be consolidatedwith powerroller of minimum 8 tones. The Top & sides of the filling shall be neatly raised. The contractor shall make good all subsidence & shrinkage in each filling embankments traversesetc. during executionand fill the completionof works.

1.13.5 DAMP PROOFCOURSE Cement Concrete Layer This shall consist of cement concreteof specified proportionsand thickness.The surface of brick or stone masonrywork shall be levelled and preparedbefore layingthe cement concrete.Edge of damp proof courseshall be straight, even and vertical. Side shutteringshall consistof steel formnsand shall be strong and properlyfixed so that it does not get disturbedduring compactionand the mortar does not leak through.The concretemix shall be of workableconsistency and shall be tampedthoroughly to make a dense mass. When the sides are removed, the surface should come out smooth without honeycombing.Continuity shall be maintainedwhile laying the cement concretelayer and laying shall be terminatedonly at the predeterminedlocation where damp proof courseis to be discontinued.There shall be no constructionjoint in the DampProof Course. Curing Damp proof courseshall be curedfor at least seven days, after which it shall be allowedto dry. Applicationof Hot Bitumen Where so directed, hot bitumen in specified quantity shall be applied over the dried up surface of cement concrete,properly cleaned with brushesand finally with a piece of cloth soakedin keroseneoil. Bitumen of penetrationA 90 or equivalentwhere used shall be heatedto a temperatureof 1600+ 50C. The hot bitumenshall be applieduniformly all over, so that no blank spacesare left anywhere.It will be paid for separately. Water Proofing Materials Where so specified,waterproofing material of approvedquality shall be addedto the concretemixture in accordancewith the manufacture'sspecifications stating the quantityof water proofing material in litres or kg per 50 kg or cement and will be paid for separately.

1.13.6 BRICKSWORK BricksUsed in the Masonry may be of the following type Common burnt clay bricks: Shall be hand moulded or machine moulded. They shall be free from nodulesof free lime, visible cracks, flawswarpage and organic matter,have a frog 100 mm in length 40 mm in width and 10 mm to 20mm deep on one of its flat sides. Bricks made by extrusion processand bricktiles may not be providedwith frogs.Each brickshall be marked(in the frog where provided)with the manufacturer'sidentification mark or initials. Dimensions:Brick sizes will as per standardengineering practices followed in the states of UP & Bihar. The bricks shall have smooth rectangularfaces with sharp corner and shall be uniform in colour and emit clear ringingsound when struck. Water absorption:The average water absorptionof bricks when tested shall be not more than 20% by weight.

I 52A`c1jaf_. 52 0 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Impro vement Project

Efflorescence: The ratingof efflorescenceof brickswhen testedshall be not more than moderate. Brick Work Classification:The brickworkshall be classifiedaccording to the classdesignation of bricks used. Mortar: The mortar for the brickworkshall be as specified,and conformto acceptedstandards. Lime shall not be used where reinforcementis providedin brickwork. Soakingof Bricks: Bricks shall be soakedin water before use for periodfor the water to just penetrate the whole depth of the bricks. Alternativelybricks may be adequatelysoaked in stacks by profusely sprayingwith clean water at regularintervals for a periodnot lessthan six hours. The bricksrequired for masonry work using mud mortar shall not be soaked. When the bricks are soaked they shall be removed from the tank sufficiently early so that at the time of layingthey are skin-dry. Such soaked bricksshall be stacked on a clean placewhere they are not againspoiled by dirt, earth etc. Laying Bricks shall be laid in English Bond unless otherwisespecified. For brick work in half brick wall, bricks shall be laid in stretcherbond. Hc:f or cut bricks shall not be usedexcept as closer where necessaryto completethe bond. Closer in such cases, shall be cut to the requiredsize and used near the ends of the wall. Header bond shall be used preferably in all courses in curved plan for ensuring better alignment. All loose materials,dirt and set lumps of mortar which may be lying over the surface on which brick work is to be freshly started, shall be removedwith a wire brushand surface wetted.Bricks shall be laid on a full bed of mortar, when laying, each brick shall, be properlybedded and set in positionby gently pressingwith the handleof a trowel. It insideface shall be butteredwith mortar before the next brick is laid and pressed against it. Joints shall be fully filled and packed with mortar such that no hollow spaces are left insidethe joints. The boundaryor separatorwalls shall be taken up truly in plumb or true to the required batter where specified.All coursesshall be laid truly horizontaland all vertical joints shall be truly vertical. Vertical joints in the altemate course shall come directly one over the other. Quoin, Jambs and other angles shall be properly plumbed as the work proceeds. Care shall be taken to keep the perpends properly alignedwithin following maximumpermissible tolerances. Deviationfrom vertical shall not exceed6 mm per 3 m height. Deviationfrom positionshown on plan of any brickworkshall not exceed 12.5 mm. A set of tools comprisingof woodenstraight edge, Masonicspirit levels, square, 1-meter rule line and plumb shall be kept on the site of work for every 3 masonsfor proper check during the progress of work. All quoins shall be accurately constructedand the height of brick coursesshall be kept uniform. This will be checkedusing graduatedwooden straight edge or storey rod indicatingheight of each course includingthickness of joints. The brickworkshall be built in uniform layers. Parts of wall left at different levels shall be raked back at an angle of 45 degrees or less with the horizontal.Toothing shall not be permittedas an alternativeto raking back. For half brick partitionto be keyedinto main walls, indentsshall be left in the main walls. Where brickscannot be cut to the requiredshape to form cut (maru)corners, cement concrete1:2:4 (1 cement: 2 coarse sand: 4 graded stone aggregate20 mm nominalsize) equal to thicknessof course shall be provided in lieu of cut bricks.

53 \ Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Bricksshall be laid with frog (whereprovided) up. However,w-hen top courseis exposed,brick shall be laid with frog down. For the bricks to be laid with frog down,the frog shall be filled with mortar before placingthe brick in position. In caseof walls one brick thick and under,one face shall be kept even and in proper plane,while the other face may be slightly rough. In retainingwalls and the like, where water is likely to accumulate,weep holes, 50 to 75 mm square shall be providedat 2 m vertically and horizontallyunless otherwisespecified. The lowestweep hole shall be at about 30 cm above the ground level. All weep holes shall be surroundedby loose stones and shall have sufficient fall to drain out the water quickly. Joints The thicknessof all types of joints including brick wall joints and cross joints shall be such that four course and three joints taken consecutivelyshall measure30 cm for bricks of standard sizes as per local availability. Note: Specifiedthickness of joints shall be of 1 cm deviationfrom the specifiedthickness of all joints shall not exceedone-fifth of specifiedthickness. Finishing of Joints The face of brickwork may be finishedflush or by pointing,In flush finishingeither the face joints of the mortar shall be workedout while still green to give a finished surface flush with the face of the brick work or the joints shall be squarely raked out to a depth of 1 cm while the mortar is still green for subsequentlyplastering. The faces of brickworkshall be cleanedwith wire brushso as to remove any splashesof mortar durina the courseof raisingthe brickwork.In pointing,the joints shall be squarely raked out to a depth of 1.5 cm while the mortar is still green and raked joints shall be brushed to remove dust and loose particlesand well wetted, and shall be later refilled with mortar to give ruled finish. Somesuch finishes are 'flush', 'weathered',ruled, etc. Curing The brickwork shall be constantly kept moist on all faces for a minimum period of seven days. Brickworkdone during the day shall be suitably marked indicatingthe date on whichthe work is done so as to keep a watchon the curingperiod. Scaffolding Scaffoldingshall be strong to withstandall dead, live and impact loads, which are likely to come on them. Scaffoldingshall be providedto allow easyapproach to every part of the work. Single Scaffolding Where plastering has been indicated for brickwork, single scaffolding may be provided, unless otherwisespecified. In singlescaffolding, one end of the put-logs/poleshall rest in the hole providedin the headercourse of brick masonry.Not more than one headerfor each put-log/poleshall be left out. Such holes shall not be allowedin the case of pillars, brick work less than one metre in lengthbetween tthe openings or near the skewbacksof arches or immediatelyunder or near the structural member supported by the walls. The holes for put-logs/ poles shall be made good with brickwork and wall finishing as specified. Double Scaffolding DoubleScaffolding having two independentsupports, clear of the work, shall be provided for exposed brickwork.

54 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

1.13.7 CONCRETEWORK The concreteshall be designedin gradesdenoting characteristic compressive strength or by volumetric proportionof the nominalmix concreteof the constituents. Material Water, cement, lime, fine aggregateor sand, surkhi,cinder and fly ash shall be as specified. CoarseAggregate General:Most of the coarseaggregate shall be retainedon 4.75 mm IS Sieve and shall containsonly as much fine material as is permitted in IS 383 for varioussizes and grading.Coarse aggregateshall be stoneaggregated and it shall be obtainedfrom approvedlauthorisedsources. StoneAggregate: It shall consistof naturally occurring(uncrushed, crushed or broken) stones. It shall be hard, strong, dense, durable and clean. It shall be free from veins, adherent coatings,injurious amountsof disintegratedpieces, alkali, vegetable matterand other deleterioussubstances. It shall be roughly cubical in shape. Flaky and elongated pieces shall be avoided. It shall conform to IS: 383 unlessotherwise specified. DeleteriousMaterial: Coarse aggregate shall not containany deleteriousmaterial, such as pyrites,coal, lignite, mica, shale or similar laminated material, clay, alkali, soft fragments, seashells and organic impuritiesin such quantityas to affect the strengthor durabilityof the concrete.Coarse aggregate to be used for reinforcedcement concrete. Coarse aggregate to be usedfor reinforcedcement concreteshall not contain any material liable to attack the steel reinforcement.Aggregates, which are chemically reactivewith alkalis of cement, shall not be used.The maximumquantity of deleterious material shall not be more than five per cent of the weight of coarseaggregate when determinedin accordancewith IS: 2386 Part il. Size and Grading (i) Stoneaggregate: It shall be gradedas specified.Nominal size and gradingshall be as under:- Nominalsizes of gradedstone aggregateor gravel shall be 40 or 12.5mmas specified.For any one of the nominalsizes, the proportionof other sizes shall be in accordancewith Table 12.

Table 12 GradedStone Aggregate

IS Sieve Percentage passing (by weight) for nominal size of Designation 40 nmn 20 nmm 16 mm 12.6 mm

75 mm 100 - - 37.5 mm 95 to 100 100 - - 19 mm 30 to 70 95 to 100 100 100

16 mm - , 90 to lOO -

11.2 mm - - 90 to 100 9.5 mm 101to35 25 to 55 30to70 40 to 85 4.75mm OtoS Oto10 OtolO Oto10

2.36 mm . - Stacking:Aggregate shall be stacked on a hard, dry and level patch of ground. When stock piling, the aggregateshall not form pyramids resulting in segregationof different sized materials. It shall be stacked separatelyaccording to nominalsize of coarseaggregates. Stacking shall be done in regular stacks,of height not exceeding100 cm. Fine Aggregate Most of the fine aggregateshall passthrough 4.75 mm IS sieve. Fine aggregateshall consistof natural sand, crushedstone sand or crushedgravel sand stone dust or marble dust, conformingto IS: 2686. It

55 S =D EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A Grand TrunkRoad ImprovementProject shall be hard, durable, chemicallyinert, clean and free from adherentcoatings, organic matter etc. and shall not containany appreciableamount of clay balls or pelletsand harmful impuritiese.g. iron pyrites, alkalis, salts, coal, mica, shale or similar laminatedmaterials in such form or in such quantities as to cause corrosion of metal or affect adversely.the hardening,the strength, the durability or the appearanceof mortar, plasteror concrete.The sum of the percentagesof all deleterious material shall not exceed 5%. Fine aggregatemust be checkedfor organic impuritiessuch as decayed vegetation humps,coal dust etc. Silt Content:The maximumquantity of silt in sand shall not exceed8%. Fine aggregatecontaining more than allowablepercentage of silt shall be washedso as to bring the silt contentwithin allowablelimits. Grading:On the basis of particle size, fine aggregateis gradedinto four zones. The grading shall be within the limits given in Table 13 below. Where the grading falls outsidethe limits of any particular grading zone of sieves, other then 600 micron IS sieve, by a total amount not exceeding5 per cent, it shall be regardedas falling within that gradingzone as per IS: 326.

Table 13 Gradingof Fine Aggregate

IS Sieve ______Percentage passing for Grading Zone I Grading Zone II Grading Zone III Grading Zone IV 9.50 mm 100 100 100 100 4.75 mm 90-100 90-100 90-100 95-100 2.36 mm 60-95 75-100 85-100 95-100 1.18mm 30-70 55-90 75-100 90-100 600 microns 15-34 35-59 60-79 80-100 300 microns 5-20 8-30 12-40 15-50 150 microns 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-15 Type and grading of fine aggregateto be used shall be specified.It shall be coarse sand, fine sand, stone dust or marble dust, fly ash and surkhi. Use of sea sand shall not be allowed, unless otherwise specified. Coarsesand shall be either river sand or pit sand or a combinationof the two. Badarpursand available in Delhi generallyfalls in categoryof pit sand. It shall be clean, sharp, angular,and gritty to touch and composedof hard siliceousmaterial. Fine sand shall be either river sand or pit sand or a combinetionof the two. Its grading shall fall within the limits of Grading Zone IV of Table 13. As a guideline,fine sand conforrningto gradingZone IV can be generallyobtained in Delhi by mixing one part of Badarpursand and two parts of Jamuna Sand (by volume). Stonedust shall be obtainedby crushinghard stonesor gravel. Sand for Masonry Mortar and for Plaster Sand shall consist of natural sand, crushed stone sand or crushedgravel sand or a combinationof any of these. Sandshall be hard, durable, clean and free from adherentcoatings and organic matter and shall not containthe amount of clay, silt and fine dust more than specifiedas under. DeleteriousMaterial: Sand shall not contain any harmful impurities such as iron, pyrites, alkalis, salts, coal or other organic impurities, mica, shale or similar laminatedmaterials, soft fragments,sea shale in suchform or in such quantitiesas to affect adverselythe hardening,strength or durabilityof the mortar. Gradingof sand for use in masonrymortar shall be conformingto IS: 2116 (Table 14). Gradingof sand for use in Plastershall be conformingto IS: 1542(Table 15).

56 Q EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTnmk Road Improvement Project

Table 14 Gradingof sandfor use in masonrymortar as per IS: 2116 IS Sieve Designation Percentage passing by mass 4.75 mm 100 2.36 mm 90 to 100 1.18 mm 70 to 100 600 micron 40 to 100 300 micron 5 to 70 150 micron 0 to 15

Note: For crushed stone sands, the permissible lirnit on 150 micron IS Sieve is increased to 20%. This does not affect the 5% allowance IS-2386.

Table 15 Gradingof Sand for use in Plasteras per IS: 1542 IS Sieve Designation Percentage passing 10mm 100 4.75 mm 95 to 100 2.36 mm 95 to 100 1.18 mm 90 to 100 600 micron 80 to 100 300 micron 20 to 65 150 micron 0 to5O Admixtures When required, admixtures of approved quality shall be mixed with concrete, as specified. The admixturesshall conformto IS: 9103. Bulking Fine aggregate,whean dry or saturated,has almost the same volume but dampnesscauses increase in volume. In case fine aggregateis damp at the time of proportioningthe ingredients for mortar or concrete,its quantityshall be increasedsuitably to allow for bulkage. Stacking Fine aggregateshall be so stacked as to preventdust and foreign mattergetting mixed up with it as far as practicallypossible. Steel for reinforcement The steel used for reinforcementshall be any of the followingtypes: Mild steel and medium tensile bars conformingto IS: 432 (Part I) Hard drawnsteel wire conformingto IS: 432 (Part II) Typesand Grades Reinforcementsupplied in accordancewith this standardshall be classifiedinto the following types: Mild steel bars: It shall be suppliedin the followingtwo grades Mild steel bars grade I designatedas Fe 410-S. Mild steel bars grade 11designated as Fe 410-0. Mediumtensile steel bars, grade 11designated as Fe 540-W-HT. Mild steel and Mediumtensile steel.

Table 16 ElongationPercentage of Mild steel bars

Si. Ultimate tensile Yield stress N/ Elongation No. Type and nominal size of bar stress Nimm_2 No. ~~~~~~~~minimumnv2tiiunnn2 minii minimumpercent 1 Mild steel grade 1, For bars up to and 410 250 23 including 20 mm.

2. Mild steel grade 11,For bars up to and 370 225 23: - : - 57 7a uc2Z7Qe Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

SI. Ultimate tensile Yield stress Nl Elongation Si. Type and nominal size of bar stress N/mmm2, m u percent

includina 20 mm 3. Medium tensile steel, For bars up to & 540 350 20 including 16 mm

Elongation percent on gauge length 5.65 so where so is the cross sectional area of the test piece is shown in Table 16.

High strength deformed bars & wires shall conform to IS: 1786. The physical properties for all sizes of steel bars are mentioned Table 17.

Table 17 Physical Properties of Mild steel bars

No. Property Grade ______No. Property Fe 415 Fe 500 Fe 550 2 1. 0.2% proof stress/ yield stress, min. N/mm 415 . 500 550

Elongation, percent min. on gauge length 2. 5.65 A. Where A is the X-Sectional Area of 14.5 12 8 the test piece.

8% more than 6% more than 10% more than actual 0.2% actual 0.2% proof 3 Tensilestrength actual 0.2%.stress proof proof stress adual butb.2S not stress but not less but not less than 465 N/mm2 than N/ 585 N

Stacking and storage: Steel for reinforcement shal[- be stored in such a way as to prevent distorting and corrosion. Bars of different classifications, sizes and lengths shall be stored separately to facilitate issue in such sizes and lengths to cause minimum wastage in cutting from standard length.

1.13.8 FORM WORK (CENTRING & SHUTTERING)

Form work:

Formwork shall include all temporary or permanent forms or moulds required for forming the concrete, which is cast-in-situ, together with all temporary construction required for their support.

Design & Tolerance in Construction

Formwork shall be designed and constructed to the shapes, lines and dimensions shown on the drawings with the tolerances given in Table 18.

Table 18 Tolerances for Formwork Deviation from specified dimensions of cross section of +12 mm columns and beams Deviation from dimensions of footings +12 mm Dimension in Plan +50 mm Eccentricity in plan 0.02 times the width of the footings in the direction of deviation but not more than 50 mm. Thickness +0.05 times the specified thickness. (Note -Tolerance applies to concrete dimensions only, and not to positionng of vertical steel or dowels.)

General Requirement

It shall be strong enough to withstand the dead and live loads and forces caused by ramming and vibrations of concrete and other incidental loads, imposed upon it during and after casting of concrete. It shall be made sufficiently rigid by using adequate number of ties and braces, Screw jacks or hard board wedges where required shall be provided to make up any settlement in the form work either before or during the placing of concrete.

58 asr4e587 EnvironmentalManagerment Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road .mprovement Project

Forms shall be so constructed as to be removable in sections in the desired sequence, without damaging the surface of concrete or disturbing other sections. Care shall be taken to see that no piece is keyed into the concrete.

Material for Form Work Propping and Centring All propping and centring should be either of steel tubes with extension pieces or built up sections of rolled steel.

Centring/Staging

Staging should be as designed with required extension pieces as approved by Engineer-in-Charge to ensure proper slopes, as per design for slabs/ beams etc. and as per levels as shown in drawings. All the staging to be either to Tubular steel structure with adequate bracings as approved or made of built up structural sections made from rolled structural steel sections. Shuttering Shuttering used shall be of sufficient stiffness to avoid excessive deflection and joints shall be tightly butted to avoid leakage of slurry. If required, rubberised lining of material as approved by the Engineer- in-Charge shall be provided in the joints.

Steel shuttering used for concreting should be sufficiently stiffened. The steel shuttering should also be properly repaired before use and properly cleaned to avoid stains, honey combing, seepage of slurry through joints etc.

Form work shall be properly designed for self weight, weight of reinforcement, weight of fresh concrete, and in addition, the various live loads likely to be imposed during the construction process (such as workmen, materials and equipment). Camber Suitable camber shall be provided in horizontal members of structure, especially in cantilever spans to counteract the effect of deflection. The formwork shall be so assembled as to provide for camber. The camber for beams and slabs shall be 4 mm per metre (1 to 250) or as directed by the Engineer-in-

Charge, so as to offset the subsequent deflection. For cantilevers the camber at free end shall be 1 150 th of the projected length or as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge.

Formwork for Concrete Walls

The form faces have to be kept at fixed distance apart and an arrangement of wall ties with spacer rubes or bolts is considered best.

Removal of Form work (Stripping time)

In normal circumstances and where ordinary Portland cement is used, forms may generally be removed after the expiry of the following Table 19.

Table 19 Stripping time for form work a) Walls, columnsand verticalfaces of all structural 24 to 48 hoursas maybe decidedby the members Engineer-in-Charge Slab b) 7 days i) Spanningupto 4-50 M

Beams c) i) Spanningupto 6 M 14 days Note 1' For other types of cement, the stripping time recommendedfor ordinary Portlandcement may be suitably modified Note2: The numberof props left under, their sizes and dispositionshall be such as to be able to safely carry the full dead load of the slabs, beam or arch as the case may be togetherwith any live load likely to occur during curing or furtherconstruction. 59 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Note 3: For rapid hardening ^ement, 3/7 of above periods will be sufficient in all cases except for vertical side of slabs, beams and columns, which should be retained for at least 24 hours, Note 4: In case of cantilever slabs and beams, the centring shall remain till structures for counter acting or bearing down have been erected and have attained sufficient strength. Note 5: Proper precautions should be taken to allow for the decrease in the rate of hardening that occurs with all types of cement in cold weather and accordingly strpping time shall be increased, Note 6: Work damaged through premature or careless removal of forms shall be reconstructed. Oiling the Surface Shutteringgives much longer service life in the surfacesare coatedwith suitablemould oil, which acts both as a perting agentand also gives surfaceprotections. A typical mould oil is heavy mineral oil or purified cylinder oil containing not less than 5 % pentachlorophenolconforming to IS: 716 well mixed to a viscosityof 70-80 centipoise. After 3-4 usesand also in caseswhen shutteringhas been storedfor a long time, it should be recoated with mouldoil beforethe next use. The designof formworkshall conformto sound Engineeringpractices and relevant IS codes. Inspection of Form Work The completed formwork shall be inspected and approved by the Engineer-in-Chargebefore the reinforcementbars are placedin position. Properform work should be adoptedfor concretingso as to avoid honey combing, blow holes, grout loss, stains or discolourationof concrete etc. proper and accurate alignment and profile of finished concretesurface will be ensuredby proper designingand erectionof form work which will be approved by Engineer-in-Charge. Shutteringsurface beforeconcreting should be free from any defect/deposits and fully cleanedso as to give perfectlystraight smoothconcrete surface. Shutteringsurface should be thereforechecked for any damageto its surface and excessiveroughness before use. Erectionof Form Work (centring and shuttering) Followingpoints shall be borne in mind while checkingduring erection. Any member that is to remain in position after the general dismantling is done, should be clearly marked. Materialused should be checkedto ensurethat, wrongitems/ rejectsare not used If there are any excavations nearby which may influence the safety of formworks, corrective and strengtheningaction must be taken. The bearingsoil must be soundand well preparedand the sole platesshall bearwell on the ground. Sole plates shall be properlyseated on their bearingpads or sleepers. The bearingplates of steel propsshall not be distorted. The steel partson the bearingmembers shall have adequatebearing areas. Safety measures to prevent impact of traffic, scour due to water etc. should be taken. Adequate precautionarymeasures shall be taken to prevent accidentalimpacts etc. Bracing, struts and ties shall be installed along with the progressof formwork to ensure strengthand stability of formwork at intermediate stage. Steel sections (especially deep sections) shall be adequatelyrestrained against tilting, over turning and formworkshould be restrainedagainst horizontal loads.All the securingdevices and bracingshall betightened. The stackedmaterials shall be placedas cateredfor, in the design. When adjustablesteel props are used,they should:

60 Environmental Management Plan - Package IVA Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Be undamagedand not visibly bent. Have the steel pins providedby the manufacturersfor use. Be restrainedlaterally neareach end. Have meansfor ceniralisirigbeams placed in the fork heads. Screw adjustmentof adjustableprops shall not be over extended. Double wedges shall be provided for adjustmentof the form to the required position whenever any settlementI elastic shorteningof propsoccurs. Wedges should be usedonly at the bottom end of single prop. Wedgesshould not be too steep and one of the pair should be tightened/ clamped down after adjustmentto preventtheir shifting. No membershall be eccentricupon vertical member. The numberof nuts and boltsshall be adequate. All provisionsof the design and/ or drawingsshall be compliedwith. Cantileversupports shall be adequate. Propsshall directly under one anotherin multistageconstructions as far as possible. Guy ropesor stay shall be tensionedproperly. There shall be adequate provisionfor the movement and operationof vibratorsand other construction plant and equipment. Requiredcamber shall be providedover long spans. Supportsshall be adequate,and in plumbwithin the specifiedtolerances. General The formworkshall include the following: Splayed edges,notching, allowancefor overlaps and passingat angles,sheathing battens, strutting, bolting,nailing, wedging,easing, strikingand removal. All supports,struts, braces,wedges as well as mudsills,piles or other suitablearrangements to support the formwork. Bolts,wire ties, clamps, spreaders,nails or any other items to hold the sheathingtogether. Working scaffolds,ladders, gangways, and similar items Filleting to form stop chamferededges of splayedexternal anglesnot exceeding20 mm wide to beams, columnsand the like. Where required,the temporaryopenings provided in the forms for pouringconcrete, inserting vibrators, and cleaningholes for removingrubbish from the interior of the sheathingbefore pouring concrete.

1.13.9 REINFORCEMENT General requirements Steel conforming for reinforcementshall be clear and free from loose mud, scales, dust, loose rust, coats of paints, oil or other coatingswhich may destroyor reducebond. It shall be stored in sucha way as to avoid distortionand to prevent deteriorationand corrosion.Prior to assemblyof reinforcementon no accountany oily substanceshall be usedfor removingthe rust.

Lea A&fE-Lates 61 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A Grand TrunkRoad Improvement Project

Assemblyof Reinforcement Bars shall be bent correctly and accuratelyto the size and shapeas shown in the detailed drawingsor as directed by Engineer-in-Charge.Preferably bars of full lengthshall be used. Necessarycutting and straighteningis also included.Over lappingof bars, where necessaryshall be done as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge.The overlappingbars shall not toucheach other and these shall be kept apart with concretebetween them by 25 mm or 11/4 times the maximumsize of the coarseaggregate whichever is greater. But wherethis is not possible,the overlappingbars shall be bound together at intervalsnot exceeding twice the dia. Of such bars with two strands annealedsteel wire of 0.90 mm to 1.6 mm twistedtight. The overlaps/splices shall be staggeredas per directionsof the Engineer-in-Charge.But in no casethe over lappingshall be providedin more than 50% of crosssectional area at one section. Bends and Hooks Forming End Anchorages Reinforcementshall be bent and fixed in accordancewith procedurespecified in IS: 2502, code of practicefor bendingand fixing of bars for concretereinforcement. U - Type Hook In case of mild steel plain bars standard U type hook shall be provided by bending ends of rod into semicircularhooks having clear diameter equal to four times the diameterof the bar. Beends Bend forming anchorageto a M.S. plain bar shall be bent with an internal radiusequal to two times the diameter of the bar with a minimum lengthbeyond the bend equalto four times the diameter of the bar. Anchoring Bars in Tension Deformed bars may be used without end anchorages,provided, development length requirementis satisfied. Hooksshould normally be providedfor plain bars in tension.Development length of bars will be determinedas per clause25.2.1 of IS: 456. Anchoring Bars in Compression The anchoragelength of straight bar in compressionshall be equalto the developmentlength of bars in compressionas specified in clause 25.2.1 of IS: 456. The projectedlength of hooks,bends and straight lengths beyondbend, if providedfor a bar in compression,shall be consideredfor developmentlength. Binder, stirrups, links and the like: In caseof binders, stirrups,links etc. the straight portion beyondthe curve at the end shall be not less than eight times and nominalsize of bar. Placing in Position Fabricatedreinforcement bars shall be p,aced in position as shown in the drawingsor as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge.The bars crossingone anothershall be tied together at every intersectionwith two strands of annealedsteel wire 0.9 to 1.6 mrn thicknesstwisted tight to make the skeleton of the steel work rigid so that the reinforcementdoes not get displacedduring depositionof concrete. The bars shall be kept in correct position.

1.13.10PAVING Brick Paving Bricks Bricks oi specified dimensions and designations shall be used. These shall conform to the specificationsdescribed in above sections. Brokenbricks shall not be used in paving except for closing the line. The bricksshall be laid on edge.

I - AmcA_ tes 62 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrink RoadImprovement Project

Mortar The mortar used shall be as specified (in case of dry bricks flooring fine sand shall be filled in the joints). Base Concrete 1. Flooringshall be laid on PCC base concretelaid to slope rangingfrom 1:36to 1:48 as decided by the Engineer. 2. The flooring shall commencewithin 48 hoursof the layingof base,failing which;the surface of base shall be roughenedwith steel wire brusheswithout disturbing the concrete.Before laying the flooring the based shall be wetted and smeared with a coat of cement slurry at 2 kg of cement spread over an area of one meter square,so as to get a good bond betweensub-grade and flooring. Soaking of Bricks Bricks requiredfor flooring shall be adequatelysoaked in stacksbefore use, by profuselyspraying with clean water at regular intervals for a period of not less than six hours as to keep them wet to the satisfactionof the Engineer. Laying The bricksshall be laid on the edge in plain, diagonalherring bone bond,or other pattem as specified in the architecturaldrawings. Bricks shall be laid on edge on 12 mm thick mortar bed and each brick shall be properlybedded and set home by gentle tapping with trowel handleor woodenmallet. Its inside face shall be butteredwith mortar, beforethe next brick is laid and pressedagainst it. On completionof a portion of flooring,the vertical joints shall be fully filled from the top with mortar.The surface of the flooring during laying, shall be frequentlychecked with a straight edge at least 2 m long, so as to obtain a true plain surfacewith the requiredslope. Joints Bricksshall be so laid that all joints are full of mortar.The thicknessof joints shall not exceed1.0 cm for brickworkwith bricks of any class designation.The joints shall be struck flush and finished at the time laying. The face of brickworkshall be cleanedon the sameday on which brickworkis laid and all mortar droppingsremoved promptly. Curing Brickworkshall be protected from rain by suitablecovering when the mortar is green. Masonrywork in cement mortar shall be kept constantly moist on all faces for a minimum period of seven days. Brickworkcarried out during the day shall be suitably marked indicatingthe date on which the work is done so as to keep a watch on the curingperiod. Precast Concrete Tiles for Paving The grade of concrete shall be used as mentionedin architecturaldrawing. Thicknessof slab shall be as mentioned in drawing. It must be of actual shape as per drawing.The top of the tiles must be of smooth finished. Laying The earth shall be rammed and wateredto get the earth well compacted.The engineer shall check the compactionof soil. Bed PCC has to be laid as mentionedin drawing with correct depth and grade. Cementslurry @2kg/m2 has to be spreadover the concreteto fix the tile. The tile shall be laid within the initial setting time after the laying of PCC. The top of the tile shall be true in slope as mention in drawing.The joints betweenthe two adjacenttiles shall be as mentionedin enhancementdrawing.

63 _ Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Curing The tiles must be insertedin water after24 hoursof casting and cured in the same mannerfor at least 7 days. only thereafter used at site. The curing of the paving must be start a day after the laying of tiles and it shall be done upto 7 days.

1.13.11CEMENT PLASTERING All cementplaster shall be 12 mm, thick for brick surfacesand 6mm thick for concretesurfaces unless otherwisestated. Scaffoldingand preparationof surfacedshall be as specified. Mortar The mortar of the specified mix using the type of sand describedin the item shall be as specified in drawingsfor external work and under coat work, the fine aggregateshall conformto grading IV. For finishingcoast work the fine aggregateconforming to gradingzone V shall be used. Application:The specificationsas in drawingsshall apply exceptin the followingrespects: Beatingwith thin bamboostrips shall not be done on the cementplaster, and Furtherthe plasteringand finishing shall be completedwithin half an hour of addingwater to the dry mortar. Thickness:Where the thicknessrequired as per descriptionof the item is 20 mm the averagethickness of the plastershall not be less than 12 mm whetherthe wall treatedis of brick. Curing Curingshall be startedas soon as the plasterhas hardenedsufficiently not to be damagedwhen watered. The plastershall be kept wet for a periodof at least7 days.During this period,it shall be suitably protectedfrom all damagesat the contractor'sexpense by suchmeans as theEngineer-in charge may approve. The dates on which the plasteringis done shall be legible marked on the various sections plasteredso that curingfor the specifiedperiod thereafter can be watched. CementPlaster with a FloatingCoat of Neat Cement The cement plaster shall be 12, 15 or 20 mm thick, finished with a floating coat of neat cement, as describedin the item. Specificationsfor this item of work shall be same as described in plastering item except for the additionalfloating coat, which shall be carried out as below. When the plasterhas beenbrought to a true surface with the woodenstraight edge it shall be uniformly treatedover its entirearea with a pasteof neatcement and rubbed smooth, so thatthe whole surface is coveredwith neat cement coating. The quantityof cementapplied for floatingcoat shall be 1 kg per m2. Smoothfinishing shall be completedwith trowel immediately and in no caselater than half an hourof addingwater to the plastermix. Therest of the specificationsdescribed in plasteringitem shall apply. 6mmCement Plaster on CementConcrete and ReinforcedCement Concrete Work Scaffolding Stagescaffolding shall be providedfor the work. This shall be independentof the walls. Preparationof Surface Projectingburrs of mortar formed due to the gaps at joints in shutteringshall be removed. The surface shallbe scrubbedclean with wire brushes.In additionconcrete surfaces to be plasteredshall be pock markedwith a pointedtool, at spacingof notmore than 5 cm. Centres,the pockbeing made 6 .4--ifa 64 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project than 3mm deep. This is to ensure a proper key for the plaster. The mortar shall be washed off and surface, cleanedof all oil, greaseetc. and well wetted beforethe plasteris applied. Mortars Mortar of the specified mix using the types of sand describedin the item shall be used It shall be as specifiedin above section. Application To ensureeven thicknessand a true surface,gauges of plaster15x15 cm. shall be first applied at not more than 1.5n^.intervals in both directions to serve as guides for the plastering. Surface of these gaugedareas shall be truly in the plane of the finishedplaster surface. The plastershall be then applied in a uniform surface to a thicknessslightly more than the specifiedthickness and shall then be brought to true and evel surface by working a woodenstraight edge reachingacross the gauges. Finally the surface shall be finished true with a trowel or with wooden float to give a smooth or sandy granular texture as required.Excess troweling or over workingof the floats shall be avoided.The plasteringand finishing shall be completedwithin half an hourof addingwater to the dry mortar. Plasteringof ceiling shall not be commenceduntil the slab above has been finished and centring has been finished and centring has been removed. In the case of ceiling of roof slabs, plastershali not be commenceduntil the terrace work has beencompleted. These precautionsare necessaryin order that the ceiling plasteris not disturbedby the vibrationsset up in the above operations. Finish The plastershall be furnishedto a true and plumb surface and to the properdegree of smoothnessas required. The work shall be tested frequently as the work proceedswith a true straight edge not less than 2.5m long and with plumb bobs. All horizontallines and surfaces shall be tested with a level and all jambs and cornerswith a plumb bob as the work proceeds. Thickness The averagethickness of plastershall not be less than 6mm. The minimumthickness over any portion of the surface shall not be less than 5mm. Curing The specificationsshall be detailedin above section.

1.13.12GABION STRUCTURES Gabion 1. GabionBox - It is made of appropriategeotextile materialas approved by supervisionengineer on site, 2. Boulder- The bouldersshall range in size from 400 mm to 200mm. They should be hard and textured. Placing First maintain the slope as specified in design drawing. Cut earth as per box size then start to pivot

Boxes from bottom. After placing 15t layer of boxes pour the gravel, keeping in mind the bigger sizes are at bottom. Geotextilemembrane put as shownin designdrawing. After that accumulatenatural soil in this space to facilitates vegetation. Geotextilemembrane shall be knotted by MS wire with Gabion box, put one by one layer in the same manneras stated above.

1.13.13DRY STONE PITCHING As far as possible it should be ensuredthat one rainy seasonhas elapsedbefore pitching or any kind of stone work is commenced,so that the embankmenthas time to settle, and loose spots in the cutting, if any. show up. 6.z AIabs 65 c7 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

The sides and top of embankment,as the case may be, shall be brought to the required profile, slope and gradientand shall be compactedto a firm and even surface.If the situationdemands and whereso requiredby the engineer in considerationof the natureof the surface,the necessaryback filling may be done with small broken stone,moorum, gravel or ballastwell consolidatedto proper profile. In casethe soil in unreliableand if the natureof the work requiresit, a 75mmthick layer of gravel or ballastmay be providedover the preparedsurface and well consolidated. Pitching 1. Pitching shall be of 22.5 cm depth, unless specifiedotherwise. Profiles shall first, be put up by meansof pegs and stringsor by placingstones, at intervalor not more than 15 meter. Stoneshall then be laid closely in positionin betweenthe profile and firmly embeddedwith joints staggered and with exposedfaces true to line, gradientand in uniformslope throughout. 2. The cross bands of approximately22.5 cm width through bond stones equal to the full depth of pitching,shall be providedat an interval of approximately3 m centre to centre both longitudinally and transversely. 3. The intersticesbetween adjacent stones shall be filled in with stones of proper size, well driven in with crow bars to ensuretight packingand completefilling of all interstices.Such filling shall be carried on simultaneouslywith the placingin positionof the largestones and shall in no casesbe permittedto fall behind. Final wedgingshall be done with the largestsized chip particles,each chip being well driven home with a hammer so that no chip is possible of being picked up or removed by hand. Dry BrickPitching Preparationof surface shall be as specifiedin abovesection. Pitching Pitchingshall be half brick in depth or in multiplesof half bricks, as specified.Profiles shall first be put up by meansof pegs and strings or by placingbricks at intervalsnot more than 15 meter, bricks shall then be laid in parallel rows breakingbond or herringbonebond pattern as directed. In the case of drains bricks shall be laid on bed width in parallel rows breakingbond and on sides in either of the above manner.At the top, and at every 3m intervals,brick coursesof half brick width shall be lad with brickson ends.All bricks shall be laid closely in positionand firmly embedded,true to line, gradientand in uniformslope throughout. Kerb and Channel Stones Kerb and channelstones to be as per road specifications.

1.13.14FENCING Chain Link Fencing Materials The chain link mesh shall be of 1.5 standardand of an approvedbrand. The angle sizes shall be as per drawings.The iron angles have to be free from rust, cracks and blow holes. Spacing of Posts and Struts The spacingof post shall be as per drawingsor as directedby the supervisionengineer. Fixing of posts and struts will be as shown in the drawings.The angle iron must be split a" the bottom for fixing in the concretebase.

I *a itc7s 66 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

Fixing of the Fencing The chain link mesh shall be fixed with angle posts by means of 8mm diameter bolts. The holes for the bolts shall be made 300mm centre to centre on the iron sections. The bottom of the fencing must be at a height of 14cm from the ground level. The fencing top shall be horizontal to the ground.

Silt Fencing Materials The wire mesh and geotextile miraf shall be of approved standard and brand. The iron sections to be used as struts shall be of IS standard and free from rust, cracks etc. Assembly The angles are to be assembled as per drawing and directions of supervision engineer. The mesh has to fixed with the frame after the geotextile miraf is fixed with the mesh. Fixing The fencing shall be fixed at site in such a manner that the geotextile miraf is placed next to the silt.

67 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

1.13.15HORTICULTURAL AND LANDSCAPINGWORKS General Scope Contractorto furnish all materials,labour and related items necessaryto complete the work indicated on drawingand specifiedherein. Materials Plant Materials Plant Materials shall be well formed and shaped true to type, and free from disease, insects and defects such as knots,sun-scaled, windburn, inJuries, abrasion or disfigurement. All plant materials shall be healthy,sound, vigorous, free from plant diseases,insect's pests. of their eggs, and shall have healthy,well-developed root systems. All plants shall be hardy under climatic conditionssimilar to those in the locally of the project. Plants supplied shall to confirm to the names listed on both the plan and the plant list. No plant material will be acceptedif branchesare damaged or broken.All material must be protectedfrom the sun and weatheruntil planted. Any nursery stock shall have been inspected and approved by the Environmental Specialist of the Engineer. All plants shall conform to the requirementsspecified in the plant list. Except that plants larger then specifiedmay be used if approved,but use of such plants shall not increase the contract price. If the use of the larger plant is approved,the spreadof roots or ball of earth shall be increasedin propcortion to the size of plant. Deliver plantswith legible identificationlabels. Top Soil (Good Earth) Top soil or good earth shall be a friable loam, typical of cultivatedtop soils of the locality containing at least2% of decayed organicmatter (humus).It shall be taken from a well-drainedarable site. It shall be free of subsoil, stones.earth skids, sticks, rootsor any other objectionableextraneous matter or debris. It shall contain no toxic material. No topsoil shall be delivered in a muddy condition. It shall have pH value rangingbetween 6 to 8.5. Fertiliser Measurementof sludge shall be in stacks, with 8% reduction for payment. It shall be free from extraneousmatter, harmful bacteriainsects or chemicals.(Subjected to safety norms). RootSystem The root system shall be conduciveto successfuitransplantation. While necessary,the root-ballshall be preservedby supportwith Hessianor other suitable material.On soils whereretention of a good ball is not possible,the roots shouldbe suitablyprotected in such a way that the roots are not damaged. Condition Trees and shrubsshall be substantiallyfree from pests and diseases,and shall and shall be materially undamaged.Torn or lacerated roots shall be pruned before dispatch. No roots shall be subjected to adverseconditions such as prolongedexposure to drying winds or subjectionto water logging between lifting and delivery. Supplyand Substitution Upon submissionof evidencethat certainmaterials including plant materialsare not available at time of contract, the contractor shall be permitted to substitute with an equitable adjustment of price. All

68 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

substitutionsshall be of the nearestequivalent.species and varietyto the originalspecified and shall be subjectedto the approvalof the LandscapeArchitect. Packaging Packagingshall be adequatefor the protectionof the plantsand suchasto avoid heatingor dryingout. Marking Each specimenof tree and shrub,or each bundle,shall be legiblylabelled with the followingparticulars: Its name. The name of the supplier, unless otherwiseagreed. The date of dispatchfrom the nursery. Tree Planting Plants and Shrubs Trees should be suppliedwith adequateprotection as approved.After delivery, if planting is not to be carried out immediately,balled plants should be ,,iacedback to back and the ball coveredwith sand to prevent drying out. Bare rooted plants can be heeled in by placing the roots in preparedtrench and covering them with earth, which should be watered into, avoid air pocketsround the roots.Trees and shrubs shall be planted as shown in architectural drawings and with approval of site supervision engineer. Digging of Pits Tree pits shall be dug a minimum of three weeks prior to backfilling.The pits shall be 120cms in diameter and 120cmsdeep. While digging the pits, the topsoil up to a depth of 30cms may be kept aside, if foundgood (dependingupon site conditions),and mixed with the rest of the soil. If the side of the below, it shall be replacedwith the soil mixture as specifiedfurther herein. If the soil is normal it shall be mixed with manure; river sand shall be addedto the soil if it is heavy. The bottom of the pit shall be forked to breakup the subsoil. Back Filling The soil back filled wateredthrough end gently presseddown, a day previousto planting,to make sure that it may not further settle down after planting. The soil shall be presseddown firmly by treading it down, leaving a shallowdepression all round for watering. Planiting No tree pits shall be dug until final tree position has beenpegged out for approval. Care shall be taken that the plant sapling when planted is not be buried deeperthan in the nursery,or in the pot. Plantingshould not be carried out in waterloggedsoil. Plant trees at the original soil depth; soil marks on the stem is an indication of this and should be maintained on the finished level, allowing for setting of the soil after planting. All plastic and other imperishablecontainers should be removed beforeplanting. Any brokenor damageroots should be cut backto soundgrowth. The bottom of the planting pit should be covered with 50mm to 75mm of soil. Bare roots should be spread evenly in the planting pit; and small mound in the centre of the pits on which the roots are placed will aid on even spread. Soil should be placedaround the roots,gently shakingthe tree to allow the soil particles to shift into the root system to ensure close contact with all roots and prevent air pockets. Back fill soil should be firmed as filling proceeds, layer by layer, care being taken to avoid damagingthe roots,as follows:

69 - .z Es EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A Grand Trink Road Improvement Project

The balanceearth shall be filled in a mixture of 1:3 (1 part sludgeto 3 part earth by volume) rn and 50gmspotash, (Mop)50gms of Super Phosphateand 1Kg. Neemoil cake. Aldrin or equivalentshall be appliedevery 15 days in a mixtureof 5ml in 5 litres of water. Staking Newly planted trees must be held firmly although not rigidly by staking to prevent a pocket forming aroundthe stem and newlyformed fibrous roots being brokenby mechanicalpulling as the tree rocks. Methods: The main methodsof staking shall be: (A) A single vertical stake,900mm longerthan the clear stem of the tree, driven600mm to 900mm into the soil. (B) Two stakes as above driven firmly on eitherside of the tree with a cross bar to which the stem is,attached.Suitable for bare- rootedor Ball material. (C) A single stake driven in at an angle at 45 degreesand leaningtowards the prevailingwind, the stem just below the lowestbranch being attachedto the stake. Suitabiefor small bare- rooted or Ball material (D) For plant material 3m to 4.5m high with a singlestem a three-wire adjustableguy system may be used in exposedsituations. The end of stake should be pointed and the lower 1m to 1.2m should be coatedwith a non-injurious wood prescrva'ive allowingat least 150mmabove groundlevel. Tying Each tree should be firmly securedto the stake so as to preventexcessive movement.Abrasion must be avoided by using a buffer, rubber or Hessian, between the tree and stake. The tree should be secured at a point just below its lowest branch, and also just above ground level; normally two ties shouldbe used for tree. These should be adjustedor replacedto allowfor growth. Watering The LandscapeContractor should allow for the adequatewatering in of all newly planted trees and shrubs immediately after planting and he shall during the following growingseason, keep the plant materialwell watered. Fertilising Fertilisingshall be carried out by application in rotation of the following fertilisers, every 15 days from the beginningof the monsoontill the end of winter: * 1. Sludgeor organicwell-rotted dry farm yard manure:0.05 cum or tussle. * 2. Urea 25gm. * 3. Ammoniumsulphate 25gm. * 4. Potassiumsulphate 25gm. All shrubs,which are suppliedpot grown,shall be well soakedprior to planting. Wateringin and subsequentfrequent watering of summerplanted container- grown plants is essential. Shrub Planting In Planter Beds All areas to be planted with shrubs shall be excavated, trenched to a depth of 750mm, refilling the excavatedearth after breakingclods and mixing with sludgein ratio 8:1 (8 parts of stacked volume of earth after reductionby 20%: 1 part of stackedvolume of sludge after reductionby 8%.) Tall shrubs may need staking, which shall be provided if approved by the Contracting consulting engineer,depending upon the conditionsof individual plant specimen.

70 ,,4- EnironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

For plantingshrubs and groundcover shrubsin planters,good earth shall be mixed with sludge in the proportionas above and filled in planters. Positionsof planters shall be planted should be markedout in accordancewith the architectural Drg. When shrubsare set out, precautionsshould be takento preventroots drying. Planting holes 40cmdia. And 40cm deep should be excavatedfor longershrubs. Polytheneand other non-perishablecontainers should be removed and any badly damaged roots carefullypruned. The shrubs should then be set in holes so that the soil level, after settlement,will be originalsoil mark on the stem of the shrub. The holes should be back filled to half of its depth and firmed by treading.The remainderof the soil can then be returnedand again firmed by treading. Grassing Preparation During period prior to planting, the ground shall be maintained free from weeds. Grading and preparationof the area shall be completed at least three weeks prior to the actual sowing. Regular wateringshall be continueduntil sowingby dividing the areainto portionsof approximately5m squares by constructingsmall bundsto retainwater. These 'bunds'shall be levelledjust prior to sowingof grass plants; it shall be ensuredthat the soil has completelysettled. Soil The soil itself shall be ensuredto the satisfactionof LandscapeArchitect to be a good fibrousloam, rich in humus. Sowing the grass roots Grass roots (cynodon dectylon or a local genus approved by the Landscape Architect) shall be obtainedfrom a grass patch, seen and approvedbefore hand. The grass roots stock received at site shall be manuallycleared of all weeds and water sprayed over the sameafter keepingthe stock in place protectedfrom sun and dry winds. Grass stock received at site may be stored for a maximumof three days. In case grassingfor some areas is scheduledfor a later date fresh stock of grassroots shall be ordered and obtained. Execution Small roots shall be dibbled about 5cms apart into the preparedgrounds. Grass will only be accepted as reachingpractical completionwhen germninationhas proved satisfactoryand all weeds have been removed. Maintenance As soon as the grass is approximatelya 3cm high it shall be rolled with a light wooden roller - in fine, dry weather - and when it has grown to 5 to 8cms, above to ground weeds must be removed and regular cutting with the scythe and rolling must be begun.A top-dressingof an ounce of guano to the square yard or well decomposed well broken sludge manure shall be applied when the grass is sufficientlysecure in the ground to bear the mowingmachine, the blades must be raised an inch above the normal level for the first two or three cuttings.That is to say, the grass should be cut so that it is from 4 to 5cms in length, insteadof the 3cm necessaryfor maturegrass. In the absenceof rain, in the monsoon,the lawn shall be wateredevery ten days heavily, soakingthe soil through to a depth of at least 20cms. Damage failure or dying back of grass due to neglectof wateringespecially for seeding out of normal seasonshall be the responsibilityof the contractor.Any shrinkagebelow the specifiedlevels during the contract or defect liability period shall be rectified at the contractor'sexpense. The Contractor is to exercisecare in the use of rotary cultivator and mowingmachines to reduceto a minimum the hazards of flying stones and brickbats.All rotary mowingmachines are to be fitted with safety guards.

71 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

Rolling A light rollershall be used periodically,taking carethat the areais not too wet and sodden.

Edgin,g Theseshall be kept neat and must be cut regularlywith the edgingshears. Fertilisinq The area shall be fed once in a month with liquid manure preparedby dissolving45gms of ammonium sulphatein 5 litres of water. Watering Water shall be applied at least once in three days during dry weather.Watering whenever done should be thoroughand shouldwet the soil at least up to a depth of 20cms. Weeding Prior to regularmowing the contractorshall carefullyremove rank and unsightlyweeds. Maintenance Cultivating The LandscapeContractor shall maintain all planted areas within Landscapecontract boundariesfor one year until the area is handedover in wholeor in phases.Maintenance shall include replacementof dead plants,watering, weeding, cultivating,control of insects, fungusand other diseases.bymeans of sprayingwith an approved insecticideor fungicide, pruning,and otherhorticulture operations necessary for propergrowth of the plants and for keepingthe landscapesub-contract area neat in appearance. Pruning and Repairs Upon completion of planting work of the landscape sub-contractall trees should be pruned and all injuries repairedwhere necessary.The amountof pruningshall be limited to the necessaryto remove dead or injured twigs and branches and to compensatefor the loss of roots and the result of the transplantingoperations. Pruning shall be done in sucha manner as not to changethe natural habit or specialshape of trees. Tree Guards Where the tree guards are necessary,care should be taken to ensurethat they do not impede natural movement or restrictgrowth. Two types of tree guardsare proposedon the GrandTrunk Road, circular iron tree guards and barbedwire fencing,the specificationsfor which one given below: Circular Iron Tree Guard with Bars. The tree guard shall be 50 cm. in diameter. The tree guards shall be formed of (i) 3 Nos. 25x25x3mmangle iron verticals 2.00m long excluding splayed outwardat lower end up to an extentof 10 cms. (ii) 3 Nos. 25x25mm MS flat,rings fixed as per design (iii) 15 Nos. 1.55 metres long 6mm dia bars. Each ring shall be in two parts in the ratio of 1:2 and their ends shall be turned in radially for a length of 4 cm at which they are bolted together with 8mm dia and 30mm long MS bolts and nuts. The vertical angle irons shall be welded to rings along the circumferencewith electric plant 15 Nos. bars shall be welded to rings at equal spacing along the circumferenceof ring. The lower end of the angle iron verticals shall be splayed outwards up to an extent of 10cm. The lower end of the flat of lower ring shall be at a height of 45cm. and upperend of the flat of top ring shall be at the heightof 2.00 metres. The middle ring shall be in the centre of top and lower ring. The bars shall be welded to rings as shown in the drawing. The entire tree guard shall be given two coats of paint of approved brand and of requiredshade over a priming coat of ready mixed primer of approvedbrand. The design 6f the tree guard shall be as shown in the drawing.

72 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

Barbed Wire Fencing with Angle Iron Posts Materials: Barbedwire shall be as per IS-278.The angleshall be 40x40x6,free from rest, cracks and blowholes. Spacing of Post & Streets: The spacing of post shall be 3.00m centre to centre, unless otherwise specifiedor as directed by engineersto dimensions,which shall be nearestto the 3m. Last but one end post's and corner post shall be struttedon both side and end post on one side only. Fixing of post & struts shall be as shown in drawingthe angle iron must be split at bottom end. Fixing Barbed Wire: The barbedwire shall be stretchedand fixed in specified numberof rowsand two diagonals.The bottom row should be 14 cm above groundlevel and rest @12.5 cm centre to centre. The diagonal weir shall be stretched between adjacent posts from the top wire of one post to the bottom weir of 21dpost. The barbedwire shall be held by tearing the holes of 1Omm dia in the post and tied with GI wire turnbucklesand straining boltsshall be used at the end post. Nursery Stack Planting should be carried out as soon as possible after reachingthe site. Where plantingmust be a necessitvand/or be delayed, care should be taken to protect the plants from pilfering or damagefrom people animals.Plants with bare-rootsshould be heeled-in as soon as received or otherwiseprotected from dryingout, and others set closelytogether and protectedfrom the wind. If plantingis to be delayed for more than a week, packagedplants should be unpacked,the bundlesopened up and each group of plants heeledin separatelyand clearly labelled. If for any reasonthe surface of the roots becomesdry the rootsshould be thoroughlysoaked before planting. Protective Fencing Accordingto local environment,shrubs shall be protectedadequately from vandalismuntil established. Completion On completion,the ground shall be formedover and left tidy.

73 EnvironmentalManagement Plan- PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

SPECIALCONDITIONS AND PARTICULARSPECIFICATONS.

1. Landscape Architect mentioned herein shall mean and/or any person nominated by him. 2. Whereverapplicable, work shall be done accordingto C.P.W.D.specifications, in vogue, at the time of invitation of tender. 3. Water shall be made available, near the tube well at one point. Contractorsshall make their own arrangement for drawing water from there. Water charges at of value of work done shall be deductedfrom the contractorsBills. 4. If electricity is requiredfor the works, the same shall be made available at one point within the site of works, for which recovery @ Rs. per Kwh. Shall be made from the contractorsbill. 5. The work includedin the scheduleof Quantitiesinclude grassing as well as plantingof trees and shrubs.'Contractors' quoted rates shall includeexecution of these works at differentlevels and nothingextra shall be paid for any item, for workingat theselevels. 6. The Contractor (s) shall not be entitled to any compensationfor any losses suffered by him and/orrevision in the rates originallyquoted by him. a. On accountunforeseen delay in commencingthe work, whateverthe cause of suchdelays be. b, On accountof reductionin the scope of work. c. On accountof suspensionof work, or abandonafter awardof work.- 7. The Contractorshall provide all facilities to LandscapeArchitect / Project Engineerand I or his authorized representativesto make frequent inspectionof their Nursery and ascertain the process/ quality of various categoriesof trees/plantsetc., grown by them. 8. Contractors'quote rate shall include the cost of transportationof tools and plants to and from the site, sales tax, excise duty, octroi, etc. It shall be clearly understoodthat no claim for any extra payment on accountof sales tax, excised duty, octroi etc., shall be entertainedalter the openingof the tender. 9. The safe custody and up-keep of various categoriesof plants brought to site is the sole responsibilityof the contractorand he shall employ sufficientsupervisory personnel to ensure the safety of these iterns. 10. The site of work may be handedover to the contractorsfor shall work in phases,as soon as the same are available and the contractorin turn shall work in these areasforthwith. Nothing extra shall be payablefor such phasedexecution of work. 11 While excavating / executingthe work the contractorsshall ensure that .he existing cables / pipe lines I structures / fittings are not damaged and if due to his negligence, these are damaged,the same shall be set right with no extra costto the clients. 12. The Contractor shall co-ordinatehis work with other agenciesemployed by the Clients and ensure that the work of other agenciesare not hamperedin any way during the duration of contract. 13. The Contractor shall keep the site of works neat and clean during the execution of the work. Any debris found at or near the site of work shall be moved immediately as and when so required by the landscapeArchitect I ProjectEngineer. 14. On completion of the work, the site of work shall be thoroughlycleaned and all debrisremoved before the work is handedover satisfactorily.

I ea &%swialft 74 5 Environmental Management Plan - Package IV A Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project

15. The Contractorsshall, without any additionalcharge to the clients, renewor replaceany dead or defectiveplants/grass and shall fully maintainthe whole landscapefor a period of 12 months afterthe certifieddate of completion. 16. "General condition of contract and standard contract Forms of shall also form part of the contract. 17. Trees shall be of minimumlength as specifiedin the scheduleof quantitiesand shall be straight and symmetricalwith a crownand having a persistentmain stem. The size of crown shall be in good over all proportionto the height of the tree. 18. Smnalltrees and shrubsshell be well formed with the crown typica' of the species or variety. 19. GENERALREQUIREMENTS OF PLANTS: Plantsshall be typical of theirspecies and variety, well-developed branches, and well foliated with fibrous rootsystem. Plants shall be free from defects and injuries. Plants shall not bepruned before planting. Plantssh3ll be free from defects and injuries. Plantsshall not befreshly dug and nursery grown. Nurserygrown plants shall have been at leastonce transplanted. Barkshall be freefrom abrasion. All trees, soon after planting, shall be properlysupported with bamboostocks to ensure their safety againstwinds or any other factor, which may affect it adversely. * 20. PROTECTIONOF "TREETO BE PRESERVED' * The contractorshall be responsiblefor the protectionof tops, trunks and roots of existing trees on site. Existingtrees subject to the constructiondamage shall be boxed,fenced or otherwise protectedbefore anywork is started. * 21. GENERALREQUIREMENTS OF EARTHMANURE AND FERTILISERS * EARTH: Good earth shall be agricultural soil of loamy texture, free from kankar, morrum, shingles, rocks, stones,building rubbish and any other foreign matter. The earth shall be free from clods or lumps of sizes bigger than 50mm in any direction. It shall have pH ranging between6.5 to 7.5. * MANURE: Manure shall be of well decayed organic matter obtained in dry state from the Municipaldump or other similar sourceapproved by the ProjectEngineer. The manure shall be free from earth, stone or other extraneous matter. Manure shall be supplied, at site well screened. * FERTILIERS: If the soil tests indicate pH value not as per the above specificationnamely between6.5 to 7.5, followingmeasures need to be taken. * If pH exceeds 7.5, aluminiumsulphate or equivalentfertilizer should be added at the rate of 1 kg per cubic metre to lower the pH by one full point. * If pH is below 6.5, add ground limestoneor equivalentfertilizer at the rate of 1 kg per cubic metre to raise pH by one full point.

I .eA 75 (rlm

Km

=1

Lea Associates South Asia Pvt. Ltd. LeaAsoiates NewDelhi . C7 `Zo7,4 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

Appendix1 Methodologyand Techniquesfor Treetransplantation

BACKGROUND "Transplantingconsists in lifting plants bodily from their positions,removing them from more desirable or agreeableplaces & replantingthem in new & bettersoil." Season for planting & transplantingshrubs or Trees The best seasonfor plantingor transplantingshrubs & trees vanes in different partsof our country. Hot weatheris generallyavoided, as the risk of plantsno! establishingis great. In places where rainfall is moderate, the beginning of rainy season is the best suited time for transplanting. Plants which are natives of cold countries& which grow vigorouslyin the cold seasonsuch as Rose, do betterwhen planted out during closeof Rainyseason. In severelycold places like in northemparts of India,the operationsare best carried on during the end of the dormantseason about the end of February. All Robust plants may be planted or transplantedduring any part of the year, with proper attention being given to several detailsof the operations.

THE TRANSPLANTINGSUCCESS Transplanting involves to some extent at least a disturbance of plant's root system. There is a loosening of its attachmentto the soil & progressiveactivities are arrested for the time being. Thus transplantingis a raiiier violent operation,considering the standpointof the plant. And is requiredto he donewith great care to be successful.Care is thereforeto be taken that the plants recoverfrom the set- beck as rapidly as possible. Certain conditionsare necessaryfor rapid recovery of plants to active growth. Some of these are dependentupon the nature& structureof the plants themselves& some on the prevailing weather& climatic conditions. Soft-woodedplants transplantbetter than hardwoodplants. Plants in dormant state transplantbetter than thosein active growth. Young plants establishedsooner than old ones. (Refer article TransplantingShocks: Large tree vs. Small Trees) All plants transplant better with a mass of originalsoil intact aroundits roots,which shouldbe disturbed as little as possible. As the roots,till they establishthemselves in fresh soil, will be unfit to absorbthe full supply of moisture needed by the plant, exhalation from the leaves & shoots of the plant is to be kept as low as possible. Cool & cloudy weather are chosenfor transplantingoperations. Evening are better suited than moming or aftemoon,as plant refreshthemselves during the cool hours of the night.

To overcomethe dangersof transplantingthe soil is well prepared& kept moist, not allowing it to run dry: part of the top of the plant is removed usuallyto minimiseloss of water by transpiration. Some time shadeis providedtill the plants are established. Overhead watering by means of spray during the hot hours or occasionally when the leaves wilt, refreshesthe plant to a great extent.

t I ~ai' a EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

The stems& branches of transplantedtrees are wrappedwith straw which is kept moist by spraying water on it to remove loss of the water by the plant as much as possible. If the soil is bad below, it is replacedwith a mixture of three partsof manure,two parts of black fertile earth or Loam, and one part of sand for bettergrowth of trees. If the soil is fairly good, only manure is mixed with it, in casesoil is heavysand and manure is added to it. Transplantingof fully-growntrees can only be successfullydone with the help of machinery,such as the tree lifter, and henceit is rarely attemptedin privategardens. Successrate of trees having truck diameter less than 1' would be 90% Successrate of trees having trunk diameter above 1' to 2' would be 60% Successrate of treesabove 2' trunk diametercan only guaranteed for specific species, in specific transplantingseason providedthat the surrounding conditionslike soil & weatherof the relocatedtree are alsotaken into consideration. Transportingor shifting of trees on trailer away from the existing location reduces the chances of successas the treestake more time to set in newconditions, transport may damageroot system & trees are requiredto be cut down in size to make shifting possiblethrough the road. A tree regainsits original shapewith in 4 to 10 yearsdepending on the trunk diameter.Thumb rule is 6" tree regainsit originalshape in 6 x 12 months.

Maintenanceor Wateringof trees is done till one or two monsoons-We advice maintenancetill the 1st monsoonafter transplanting in areawhere monsoonis goodor moderate.

METHODOLOGY Transplantingof young trees and shrubsis done in the following manner: The plants have to be lifted with as many roots as possible and replaced in fresh soil with the least possibledelay. For this purpose a trench 45 to 60 cms in width which is wide enough for working conveniently is opened out in a circle at a suitabledistance awayfrom stem, This operationis generally called as "Side trenching",which may vary from 4' to 10 accordingto the size of the tree or shrub, the soil is gradually removed in the trench approachingthe centre of the circle as it descends,thus securing the ball of earth in the shape of an inverted cone. Care is taken not to injure the rootsthat cross the trench; these are clean sawed or cut with secateaurs,if small enough at the outer edge of the trench, The tap root is also severed. With long crowbarsthe ball of earth holding the roots is gently lifted and loosenedfrom its attachmentwith the rest of the soil. When the trench is sufficiently deep,the diameter of the ball of earth may be reducedto a convenient size with a fork, leaving the protrudingroots uninjured. The rootball are continuouslykept moist to keep tree active in new rootgrowth & sprouting. If one is definite of success, the transplantingmay be made safer thus: The ball of earth may be got ready in two stages,The roots may be severed on one-halfof the circle in the trench & this portion is close down with light soil is known as 'root treatment".After another week or fortnight, the roots sufficiently recoveredfrom the shock of cuts & can be safely lifted & transplanted. All the roots with jagged cuts or bruises on them are clean cut backto healthyparts as bruisesand bad cuts may bring on decay, which may spreadto the plant, killing it. While it is well known that roots supply all of a plant's water it is less well known that 95 - 99% of a plant's water is rapidly lost as evaporationfrom the leaves. Therefore leaf surface of the Tree is

Z70 EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

reducedto limit transpiration,it is called "defoliage of tree"; the tree is cut back, if necessary,to concentratethe sap at the roots for formation of new rootsto establishthe tree. "Heading in" or cutting the top is most desirable in many species. If the tree has several strong branchesstarting from this leader, each -a smaller branches,.maYbe cut back to half a dozen or more buds, -accordingto the tree; if there are only few branches,they may be reducedby one- thirds of their length maintaining its natural shape. The heading in done because first to keep balance betweenroot system & the canopy (Systemunderground & above groundshould be same to reducestress on eitherof it.) The cut surfacesare all covered with a paste"Waxing" mixtureof water soaking& insecticideliquid to prevent evaporation& to preventfungus & insect attacks. The tree is then bodilylifted taking care not to breakthe ball of and not to bruisethe bark of the stem in the operation.This is called "Transplanting of Trees" If the ball of earth may happen to be too large to preventthe earth from slipping away, it is tied with sacking or straw. Replantingis doneto the same original depth if not 3 to 5 cms deeper. It is not safe to place any fresh manure in contact with the roots. If by chance the earth breaks away from the roots, these are immediatelysmeared well with a thin paste of 2/3 clay and 1/3 fresh cow dung and waterand soakingspray of a fungicideis desirable. The entire plant is then loweredinto the hole preparedfor it, which is wide enoughto take in all roots when spread out. Sand or fine soil is worked in betweenthe roots and the hole filled with good soil, which is pressed down layer by layer. After the tree is planted, if necessary,it is to be suppofted by being tied to a stout long stake, firmly fixed to the ground closeto the trunk & protectedfrom cattle by a tree guard. The stem may be advantageouslywrapped round with moist straw to limit loss of moisture from the tree, The tree is then copiously watered soon after planting,so that the entire ball of earth & the new soil under it, are well moistened. After such liberal watering, ii may not be necessaryto water againfor anotherthree days or so. But the tree may be refreshedby spraying on it clear water. It might be providedwith shade if the sun is severe. The ground around the stem is watered freely every week or so, in the absence of rain. Too much water is not however to be applied, forming puddles at the bottom of hole in which the tree is planted. Throughoutsummer, the transplantedtree should get its regularwater supply, the soil being soaked through at each watering& not merely sprinkledon the surface. As the surface layer of earth is drying up each time after watering,it may be stirred to depth of 2 to 10 cms, forming mulch. This retardsloss of moisturefrom the soil by evaporation& the tree is enabled to get the full benefit of the water supplied. It is advisableto carry out all above operationsin consultationwith & under supervisionof experienced horticulturistsas soil strata, weather conditions,the plant characteristic& root systems may differ from place to place,Thus requiringmodification in the transplantingoperations.

Loazw tea oJsaaEs EnvironmentalManagement Plan - PackageIV A GrandTrunk Road Improvement Project

TRANSPLANTING PROCEDURE CHECKLIST 1. Avoid mechanicaldamage and dehydrationduring transport. 2. Avoid plantingwhen weatheris hot, dry, and windy, especiallywith plant material in full leaf. 3. Make sure planting pit is at least twice as wide as root ball. 4. Removeall wire, rope, twine, etc. from root ball. 5. Prunethe tree or shrub. 6. Use a light, well-drainedbackfill materialwith plenty of organicmatter. 7. Makesure the tree or shrub is plantedhigh, 2 to 4 cms belowsurrounding grade. 8. Water the plant, using a hose as a probeto eliminateair pockets. 9. Mulchthe plantingarea 3 to 5 inchesdeep. 10, Wrap tree trunkswith tree wrap. Removethe followingspring. 11. Stake and guy trees. Removethe guys after one year. 12. Water the plant carefullythroughout its first growingseason.

I ? EnvironnentalManagement Pla/n - PackageIV A GrandTrun

Appendix 2 Trees for Transplantation

f Y tlt2=a Concised Chainagewise List of Suitable Trees to bs transplanted. Package I Suitable for I Chain age Suitable for Landmark I Remark Transplanttion Transplantation North Kms South IV A i 56 3117- 318! - 0 .______23 318' 319' 0 WaterLogging _ 319_ _ 19 0 Water ;____ _ o; 191 2) 0 . 1 221 31 0 0 3' 41 0 1 . _ _0 _4 2 541 0 I ,____ 170 61 7j 0 0 71 81 0 0 : 8i 91 0 i o 91 1Dj 0 j VRM -By Pass O 102 301 0 i 0 301 321 0 i 0 311 Q30 0 1314 141 0 C 0 1 144 15j 0 t ! 0 i ~~~~15i161 0 , o 16! 17i 0 i i 0 .17', 181 0 1 ~~~~~ ~- i 8 191 0 0 i ___ .1W20 0L ; ~~~~1 -' 221i 42