SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 6 Instructor: J.T. P1

Chemical Nomenclature ≡ Chemical naming

(Reference to: Figure 5.8 of your book.) A formula is an abbreviation used to represent a compound. Subscripts are used to show the composition of a compound. Parentheses in a formula indicate a group of atoms that behave as a unit, i.e.: Al2(SO4)3

Main group Elements: Hydrogen Hydrogen ion H+ Hydrogen Hydride ion H- Lithium Lithium ion Li+ Magnesium Magnesium ion Mg2+ Aluminum Aluminum ion Al3+ phosphorus Phosphide ion P3- Sulfur Sulfide ion S2- Fluorine Fluoride ion F-

1) Binary compounds containing a metal and a nonmetal: Hydride fluoride chloride bromide iodide lithium LiH LiF LiCl LiBr LiI sodium NaH NaF NaCl NaBr NaI potassium KH KF KCl KBr KI

1 SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 6 Instructor: J.T. P2 Oxide Sulfide Nitride phosphide carbide sodium NaO Na2S Na3N Na3P Na4C magnesium MgO MgS Mg3N2 Mg3P2 Mg2C calcium CaO CaS Ca3N2 Ca3P2 Ca2C

2) Binary compounds containing hydrogen and a nonmetal: (prefix, suffix) gas Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Hydrogen Fluoride Chloride Bromide sulfide HF HCl HBr H2S aqueous Hydrofluoric Hydrochloric Hydrobromic Hydrosulfu acid acid acid acid

3) Binary compounds containing two nonmetals: The compound can be distinguished by the Greek prefixes: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 mono di tri tetra penta hexa hepta octa nona deca [CO, carbon monoxide] [CO2 , carbon dioxide] [NO2, nitrogen dioxide] [N2O5, dinitrogen pentoxide] [BCl3, Boron trichloride] [SiCl4, Silicon tetrachloride] [Si2Cl6, disilicon hexachloride] [N2O4, dinitrogen tetraoxide], [IF7, iodine heptafluoride] [SO2, sulfur dioxide] Oxidation Number [Transition Elements]:

2 SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 6 Instructor: J.T. P3 The charge on a monatomic ion is referred to oxidation number of the element. Cr: [Ar]4s1 3d5 element chromium Cr2+: [Ar] 3d4 ion Chromium (II) Cr3+: [Ar] 3d3 ion Chromium (III) Fe: [Ar]4s2 3d6 element Iron Fe2+: [Ar] 3d6 ion Iron (II) ferrous Fe3+: [Ar] 3d5 ion Iron (III) ferric 2+ Hg2 ! ion Mercury (I) Hg2+ ion Mercury (II)

Oxyacids (example) Acid Acid name Anion Anion name - HClO4 perchloric ClO4 perchlorate - HClO3 chloric ClO3 chlorate - HClO2 chlorous ClO2 chlorite HClO hypochlorous ClO- hypochlorite HCl hydrochloric Cl- chloride

- Nitric acid: HNO3 Nitrate ion: NO3 - Nitrous acid: HNO2 Nitrite ion: NO2

2- Sulfuric acid: H2SO4 Sulfate ion: SO4 2- Sulfurous acid: H2SO3 Sulfite ion: SO3 2- Hydrosulfuric acid: H2S Sulfide ion: S

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