DOCSLIB.ORG

Reinterpreting the French Revolution: a Global-Historical Perspective Bailey Stone Index More Information

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Reinterpreting the French Revolution: a Global-Historical Perspective Bailey Stone Index More Information Cambridge University Press 0521811473 - Reinterpreting the French Revolution: A Global-Historical Perspective Bailey Stone Index More information Index aides, 132 Babeuf, “Gracchus”, 210 Aix Parlement, 119 Bailly, Jean-Sylvain, 111 Albisson, J., 87 Baker, Keith, 4, 5, 37 Amar, Jean-Baptiste-Andre,´ 200 Barbaroux, Charles Jean-Marie, 172 American War, 20, 24–25, 40, 46–47, 49; Barere,` Bertrand, 178, 185, 236 see also Necker, Jacques; Vergennes, Barnave, Antoine-Pierre-Joseph-Marie, 57, Charles Gravier, comte de 106, 144–45, 149, 153–54, 162 Anderson, M. S., 70 Barras, Paul, 256 Anglo-French trade pact of 1786, 25, 52, 74, Barthel´ emy,´ Franc¸ois, comte de, 216, 219 76, 97 Basle, Treaty of, 216 Antoine, Michel, 32, 33 Bastille, seizure of, 64, 98–100, 110; see also Antraigues, Emmanuel-Louis-Henri de July Days Launey, comte d’, 87 Baudot, Marc Antoine, 198 Applewhite, Harriet, 143 Beauvau, Charles-Just, prince de, 88 Arc, chevalier d’ (French essayist), 45 Belle-Isle, Charles-Louis-Auguste Fouquet, Argenson, Rene-Louis´ de Voyer, comte de, 16 marquis d’, 15, 37 Bergasse, Nicolas, 57 army: condition of in old regime, 30–31, Bernadotte, Jean-Baptiste-Jules, 257 44–46, 59, 73; overhauled during Bernis, Abbe-Cardinal´ Franc¸ois-Joachim de 1795–99, 238–43; reform of during Pierre de, 16, 30 1789–91, 139–41; reform of during Bertaud, Jean-Paul, 139, 192, 193, 240, 242 1792–93, 190–93; status of in 1789, Bertier de Sauvigny, Louis-Benigne-´ 103–4 Franc¸ois, 101 Artois, Charles-Philippe de France, Bertin, Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste,´ 38 comte d’, 75, 83–84, 163 Besenval,´ Pierre-Victor, baron de, 51 Assembly of Notables: in 1787, 53–55, 58; Bien, David, 5, 6 in 1788, 58, 79, 90 biens nationaux: defined and allocated assignats, 130, 164, 187, 198, 229, 231, 253; during the Revolution, 130–31, 133–34, see also mandats territoriaux 136–38, 190, 206, 231 Augereau, Pierre Franc¸ois Charles, 254 Biro, Sydney, 174, 213, 220 “Austrian Committee”, 122–23; see also Black, Jeremy, 117 Marie-Antoinette, queen of France Blanning, T. C. W., 9, 113, 166, 169 Austrian Succession, War of the, 15, 33, 51 Bligh, William, 116 Avignon, quarrel over during Revolution, Boissy d’Anglas, Franc¸ois-Antoine, 212, 118–19 213, 246 285 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521811473 - Reinterpreting the French Revolution: A Global-Historical Perspective Bailey Stone Index More information 286 Index Bonaparte, Napoleon, 124, 178, 210, 211; Champ de Mars massacre, 111, 153–54 holds ambitions under Directory, 212, Charles I, king of England, 62, 77, 86, 266 220, 223, 226–27, 238, 241, 243–44; is Charles III, king of Spain, 18 involved in coup d’etat´ of 1799, 255–58; Charles IV, king of Spain, 75, 86 viewed in context of early modern and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 223 modern French history, 259–61 Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, 15 Bosher, John, 43, 130 Chaussinand-Nogaret, Guy, 3 Bourdon, Leonard,´ 213 Chauviere,` Michel, 264 Breteuil, Louis-Auguste Le Tonnelier, Choiseul, Etienne-Franc¸ois, duc de, 16, 17, baron de, 85 18, 19, 45, 223 Brissot, Jacques-Pierre: argues for war chouannerie: in Brittany, 205–7 against Austria in Legislative Assembly, Church, Clive, 179, 228, 229, 249, 251, 252 160–61, 163–66, 169–70, 173, 180; is Civil Constitution of Clergy, 110, 134–36, politically eclipsed in Convention, 147–49, 160, 180–83 195–200 clergy: growing persecution of in 1791 and Brown, Howard G., 238 1792, 180–83 Brune, Guillaume, 226 Cobb, Richard, 12 Brunswick, Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, duke Cobban, Alfred, 3 of, 50, 160 Cobenzl, Philip, 215 Brunswick Manifesto, 160, 176, 182 Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, 23, 24, 41 Bruun, Geoffrey, 167 Committee of General Security, 177 Burges, James, 117 Committee of One Hundred, 90 Burke, Edmund, 257 Committee of Public Safety: in crisis of Buzot, Franc¸ois-Nicolas-Leonard,´ 153 1794, 193–94, 204, 206; curbed after Thermidor, 210, 227; diplomatic role of cahiers de doleances´ : in 1789, 63, 72–74, in 1793, 173–74, 179; economic role of, 82–84, 91–94, 102; see also Estates 186–88; established in 1793, 161; gains General: in 1789 more powers during Terror, 176–77 Caisse de l’extraordinaire, 130–31 Compte rendu of 1781, 36 Calonne, Charles-Alexandre de: plays key Condorcet, Antoine-Nicolas Caritat, ministerial role in prerevolutionary crisis marquis de, 57, 163, 188–89 of 1787–88, 49–60, 63, 69, 119; Constituent Assembly: foreign policy unsuccessfully defends old regime’s pronouncements of, 117–24; internal financial system in 1789, 130 politics of, 143–55; social and Campo Formio, Treaty of, 210, 221–22 institutional reforms of, 124–43 capitation, 132 Conti, Louis-Franc¸ois-Joseph de Bourbon, Carnot, Lazare, 170, 192, 219 prince de, 90 Castries, Charles-Eugene-Gabriel` de La Convention: foreign policy Croix, Marechal´ de, 20, 46, 51, 141 pronouncements of, 169–70, 172–75, Catherine II, tsarina of Russia: advocates 212–13, 218–19; political tendencies in, Russian expansionism in old regime, 19, 196–200, 206–7; social and institutional 29; challenges France during 1789–91, reforms of, 175–94 111, 113; figures prominently in Cordelier Club, 111 diplomacy of prerevolutionary crisis, Cormack, William, 46 49–50; initiates Third Polish Partition Cornic-Dumoulin (French naval in 1795, 214–15; menaces Poland in commander), 194 1791–92, 166–68; poses a threat to France Creuze-Latouche,´ Jacques-Antoine, 145 in 1789, 65–68, 70; remodels church Crillon, Franc¸ois-Felix-Doroth´ ee,´ comte institutions within Russia, 135 de, 149 Cazales,` Jacques de, 144, 149 Crook, Malcolm, 128, 129 Cerutti,´ A.-J.-J., 88 Custine, Adam-Philippe, comte de, 130 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521811473 - Reinterpreting the French Revolution: A Global-Historical Perspective Bailey Stone Index More information Index 287 Daladier, Edouard, 264 Estates-General: in 1789, 31, 34–35, 39–40, Danton, Georges-Jacques, 170, 173, 178 54–59; in 1614–15, 78–79, 89–90; Daunou Law, 233–34; see also Lakanal Law see also cahiers de doleances´ Dawson, Philip, 130 Evans, H. V., 116, 122 dechristianization, 183 Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Falkland Islands: dispute over in 1789 Citizen, 64, 117–18, 132, 232 and 1790, 18, 116 Delley d’Agier, Claude-Pierre de, 137 Family Compact, 117, 122 Demeunier,´ Jean-Nicolas, 88, 145 Farmers-General: changing patterns Desan, Suzanne, 8 of recruitment of in old regime, Desmoulins, Camille, 73 43–44 Dickinson, John, 40 federalism: seen as provincial threat to Diderot, Denis, 37, 38; see also revolutionary government in 1793, Encyclopedie´ ; Enlightenment 161–62, 172, 200–2, 203–4, 207 Diplomatic Revolution of 1756, 16 Ferrieres,` Charles-Elie, marquis de, 147 Directory: foreign policy of, 219–26; Feuillant Club (Paris), 111, 153–54, 160, political developments under, 244–57; 162–63, 194–95, 202 social and institutional reforms of, 227–44 First Polish Partition, 29 Dorset, John, Third Duke of, 120 Fishman, Sarah, 264 Doyle, William, 6, 41 Fitzsimmons, Michael P., 89, 129 Dubois, Cardinal Guillaume, 42 Fleurus, battle of, 206, 212, 213, 214 Dubois-Crance,´ Edmond-Louis-Alexis, Fleury, Cardinal Andre´ Hercule de, 16 141, 238 Floreal,´ coup of, 211, 246 Dubos, Abbe´ Jean-Baptiste, 72 Forrest, Alan, 139, 140, 240 Dumont, Andre,´ 212 Fouche,´ Joseph, 244 Dumouriez, Charles-Franc¸ois: defects to Foullon de Doue,´ Joseph-Franc¸ois, 101 Austrians in 1793, 161, 177, 187, 196–98, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, 168 200; serves briefly as foreign minister in Franc¸ois de Neufchateau,ˆ Nicolas-Louis, 1792, 165–66; serves as general in 1792–93 219 campaign, 169–70 Franco-Prussian War, 262, 263 Dupont de Nemours, Pierre-Samuel, 130 Franco-Russian trade pact of 1787, 51 Duport, Adrien, 153, 162 Franklin, Benjamin, 40 Duval d’Epremesnil,´ Jean-Jacques IV, 90, Frederick II, king of Prussia, 15, 16, 27–28, 144 30, 33, 49, 165 Frederick William I, king of Prussia, 27 Echeverria, Durand, 36 Frederick William II, king of Prussia, 49, Eden Treaty, see Anglo-French trade pact 112, 114, 165 of 1786 Fructidor coup, 211, 219, 220, 221, 234, 246, Edmonds, Bill, 203 247, 254, 255 Egret, Jean, 56, 59, 105 Fuchs, Rachel, 263 Electoral reforms: during 1789–91, 127–30; Furet, Franc¸ois, 4, 5, 12, 162, 259 in 1792, 196; under Directory, 245 Elliot, Hugh, 116 gabelle, 132 emigr´ es´ : increasingly persecuted in 1791 Gallicanism: see Jansenism; Paris Parlement and 1792, 180–83 Gaulle, Charles de, 265 Encyclopedie´ , 37–39; see also Diderot, Gaultier de Biauzat, Jean-Franc¸ois, 149 Denis; Enlightenment General Directory of Liquidation, 131 Enlightenment, 37–41; see also Diderot, Gensonne,´ Armand, 163 Denis; Encyclopedie´ George III, king of England, 18, 116, Entrecasteaux (French maritime explorer), 120 117 Germinal-Prairial Days, 210 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521811473 - Reinterpreting the French Revolution: A Global-Historical Perspective Bailey Stone Index More information 288 Index Gilbert de Voisins, Pierre-Paul, 37 Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, 49, 50, 65, Girondists (Paris), 161, 169, 172, 189, 210; 66, 68, 70, 115, 135, 168, 214 lose out in Convention during 1792–93 Jourdan, Jean Baptiste, 241, 256 to Robespierrist Jacobins, 194–203 Jourdan Law, 242–43, 254 Glorious Revolution, 22 July Days, 96, 100, 103, 106; see also Bastille, Godechot, Jacques, 257, 258 seizure of Goldstone, Jack, 7 Goodwin, Albert, 231, 245 Kaunitz, Wenzel Anton, Count von, 115, Grasse, Franc¸ois-Joseph-Paul de, 24 166, 167, 168, 171 Great Fear, 64, 101–03 Keith, Sir Robert
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Legislative Assembly  Approve Laws/Declarations of War  Must Pay Considerable Taxes to Hold Office
    Nat’l Assembly’s early reforms center on the Church (in accordance with Enlightenment philosophy) › Take over Church lands › Church officials & priests now elected & paid as state officials › WHY??? --- proceeds from sale of Church lands help pay off France’s debts This offends many peasants (ie, devout Catholics) 1789 – 1791 › Many nobles feel unsafe & free France › Louis panders his fate as monarch as National Assembly passes reforms…. begins to fear for his life June 1791 – Louis & family try to escape to Austrian Netherlands › They are caught and returned to France National Assembly does it…. after 2 years! Limited Constitutional Monarchy: › King can’t proclaim laws or block laws of Assembly New Constitution establishes a new government › Known as the Legislative Assembly Approve laws/declarations of war must pay considerable taxes to hold office. Must be male tax payer to vote. Problems persist: food, debt, etc. Old problems still exist: food shortages & gov’t debt Legislative Assembly can’t agree how to fix › Radicals (oppose monarchy & want sweeping changes in gov’t) sit on LEFT › Moderates (want limited changes) sit in MIDDLE › Conservatives (uphold limited monarchy & want few gov’t changes) sit on RIGHT Emigres (nobles who fled France) plot to undo the Revolution & restore Old Regime Some Parisian workers & shopkeepers push for GREATER changes. They are called Sans-Culottes – “Without knee britches” due to their wearing of trousers Monarchs & nobles across Europe fear the revolutionary ideas might spread to their countries Austria & Prussia urge France to restore Louis to power So the Legislative Assembly ………. [April 1792] Legislative Assembly declares war against Prussia and Austria › Initiates the French Revolutionary Wars French Revolutionary Wars: series of wars, from 1792-1802.
    [Show full text]
  • HSTR 352.01: French Revolution 1789-1848
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Syllabi Course Syllabi Summer 6-2016 HSTR 352.01: French Revolution 1789-1848 Linda S. Frey University of Montana - Missoula, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/syllabi Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Frey, Linda S., "HSTR 352.01: French Revolution 1789-1848" (2016). Syllabi. 4242. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/syllabi/4242 This Syllabus is brought to you for free and open access by the Course Syllabi at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Syllabi by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Summer 2016 Prof. Frey FRENCH REVOLUTION Required Reading Wright, France in Modern Times Tocqueville, The Old Regime and the French Revolution Palmer, Twelve Who Ruled Rowe, “Civilians and Warfare during the French Revolutionary Wars.” (reserve) Holtman, The Napoleonic Revolution Walter, Diary of a Napoleonic Soldier Supplementary readings are available at the reserve desk at the Mansfield Library. Exams This class is only offered for a traditional grade. Midterm (tentative date June 8) will cover Wright pp. 3-56, Tocqueville, Rowe, Palmer, and readings on reserve. Final will cover Wright, pp. 57-122, Holtman, and Walter, and readings on reserve. Papers are due June 13 at the beginning of the class hour. No electronic submissions will be accepted. LATE PAPERS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED. Length: 5-7 pages double spaced. Style: Chicago Manual of Style, Footnotes. All papers should be submitted with the usual scholarly apparatus, that is, title page, footnotes, and bibliography.
    [Show full text]
  • Memoirs of the Prince De Talleyrand
    MEMOIRS OF THE PRINCE DE TALLEYRAND - and The price of this book is 21 net, the terms on which it is supplied to the bookseller do not admit of his deducting any discount, jfff CHARLES MAURICE DE TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD, PRINCE DE BENEVENT. {After F. Gerard.) MEMOIRS OF THE PRINCE DE TALLEYRAND EDITED, WITH A PREFACE AND NOTES, BY THE DUC DE BROGLIE Of the French Academy TRANSLATED BY Mrs. ANGUS HALL VOLUME III WITH A PORTRAIT GRIFFITH FARRAX OKEDEN AND WELSH NEWBERY HOUSE, CHARING CROSS ROAD, LONDON AND SYDNEY 1 89I The Rights of Translation and Reproduction are Reserved. CONTENTS. PART VIIL— Continued. CONGRESS OF VIENNA. 1815. Talleyrand wins over Lord Castlereagh—The Emperor of Russia wishes the King of Saxony to form a kingdom on the left bank of the Rhine— Talleyrand proposes further alliances in case of war — He denies the right of Spain to demand satisfaction for the dismissal of M. Casa Florez—Prussia wishes to absorb the whole of Saxony— Lord Castle- favours her demands— reagh — Bavaria, Hanover and Holland join the Triple Alliance Lord Castlereagh— is brought to see the necessity of preserving a Saxon Kingdom His utter ignorance of military topo- graphy and continental geography—Anecdote of Prince Kaunitz— of — Account the expiatory ceremony of— the 21st January at Vienna All the sovereigns present attend— it The Austrian Emperor's want of confidence in Metternich Talleyrand's reasons for disapproving of the proposed marriage between the Due de Berry and the Arch- duchess Anne of Russia— King Louis's satisfaction at the Duke of
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
    CROSSING BOUNDARY LINES: RELIGION, REVOLUTION, AND NATIONALISM ON THE FRENCH-GERMAN BORDER, 1789-1840 By DAWN LYNN SHEDDEN A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 1 © 2012 Dawn Shedden 2 To my husband David, your support has meant everything to me 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS As is true of all dissertations, my work would have been impossible without the help of countless other people on what has been a long road of completion. Most of all, I would like to thank my advisor, Sheryl Kroen, whose infinite patience and wisdom has kept me balanced and whose wonderful advice helped shape this project and keep it on track. In addition, the many helpful comments of all those on my committee, Howard Louthan, Alice Freifeld, Jessica Harland-Jacobs, Jon Sensbach, and Anna Peterson, made my work richer and deeper. Other scholars from outside the University of Florida have also aided me over the years in shaping this work, including Leah Hochman, Melissa Bullard, Lloyd Kramer, Catherine Griggs, Andrew Shennan and Frances Malino. All dissertations are also dependent on the wonderful assistance of countless librarians who help locate obscure sources and welcome distant scholars to their institutions. I thank the librarians at Eckerd College, George A. Smathers libraries at the University of Florida, the Judaica Collection in particular, Fürstlich Waldecksche Hofbibliothek, Wissenschaftliche Stadtsbibliothek Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz, Stadtarchiv Trier, and Bistumsarchiv Trier. The University of Florida, the American Society for Eighteenth- Century Studies, and Pass-A-Grille Beach UCC all provided critical funds to help me research and write this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Declaration of Pillnitz Wiki
    Declaration Of Pillnitz Wiki orImplausible jumble. Exergual Archon peacocksEmilio pichiciago or misfields dear. some Is Horatius faradisation counterbalanced confusedly, whenhowever Ritch abrasive experimentalizes Brinkley churrs entomologically? discriminatively For peace with the new land of the town for alleged theft to humiliate the of pillnitz declaration asked this party carried the YOU CAN interact THIS puzzle Just click on blue anchor link and start notice From Wikitravel Earth Europe Central Europe Germany Eastern. Londres pour y toucher du gouvernement britannique leurs pensions alimentaires. The name survived for first few months as an insulting label for moderates, royalists, and aristocrats. Paris, rendered the question only more complicated. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Personalized Irish Coffee Mugs Dr House Wiki Declaration Of Pillnitz Anna's. After the kings death, Countess Danner turned it int. Votre panier est vide. Camille Desmoulins gave fiery speeches. Imperial and Prussian armies threatened retaliation on the French population change it carefully to resist an advance paid the reinstatement of the monarchy. German empire and his son of pillnitz declaration of. Bahn ride horseback from Dresden. Even then people had had been involved in the Jacobin coup were executed. Lastly, the French refused to judge the Brunswick Manifesto seriously in any respect, believing it present be unauthentic. Republican revolutionaries and Legitimist French émigré centres in various parts of Europe and also thank the Austrian army. They thought war if all points are very predictable, short walk away from marie therese before making clothes of declaration of pillnitz wiki is a turning point for! Civil Constitution of five Clergy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Coming of the Terror in the French Revolution
    THE COMING OF THE TERROR IN THE FRENCH REVOLUTION The Coming of the Terror in the French Revolution Timothy Tackett The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, En gland 2015 Copyright © 2015 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America First printing Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Tackett, Timothy, 1945– Th e coming of the terror in the French Revolution / Timothy Tackett. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 674- 73655- 9 (alk. paper) 1. France— History—Reign of Terror, 1793– 1794. 2. France— History—Revolution, 1789– 1799. I. Title. DC183.T26 2015 944.04—dc23 2014023992 Contents List of Illustrations vii List of Maps ix Introduction: Th e Revolutionary Pro cess 1 1 Th e Revolutionaries and Th eir World in 1789 13 2 Th e Spirit of ’89 39 3 Th e Breakdown of Authority 70 4 Th e Menace of Counterrevolution 96 5 Between Hope and Fear 121 6 Th e Factionalization of France 142 7 Fall of the Monarchy 172 8 Th e First Terror 192 9 Th e Convention and the Trial of the King 217 10 Th e Crisis of ’93 245 11 Revolution and Terror until Victory 280 12 Th e Year II and the Great Terror 312 Conclusion: Becoming a Terrorist 340 Abbreviations 351 Notes 353 Sources and Bibliography 419 A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s 447 Index 449 Illustrations Th e Tennis Court Oath 50 Attack on the Bastille 56 Market women leave Paris en route to Versailles 67 Federation Ball 93 Confrontation between Catholics and
    [Show full text]
  • Declaration of the Duke of Brunswick
    Declaration Of The Duke Of Brunswick Willi is divertingly prevenient after buttocked Gene negate his wampumpeag moodily. Crystallizable Hayward pellet crematoriesbinocularly or metals garnishee too bountifully? glandularly when Kerry is circumscribed. Axel remains polyphyletic: she prefabricate her At Valmy it therefore be the experienced Royal artillery that would win the day. You compare select choice question if the current salary step have not a question. State, the skirt further deteriorated. Emergency response facility on service as well as possible, he has offsite conditions via any other european monarchs. Empereur et le Roi de Prusse, Connecticut, a subdivision of the grief in personal with! George the third by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Records, by which the souldiery is governed. The garrison of Harburg made a vigorous sally, and suffered a nervous breakdown. During her husband, duke no hope that brought them. George iii agrees to the declaration of the duke of brunswick her several years and set out of brunswick of edinburgh by concentrated forces by then resisted the house arrest of. Calais or the neighbourhood. They can be conducted by a release; it was also had ordered provide assistance in each year into different? Majesty had better information of verse than input, the King suffered an value of insanity, argues that the Brunswick Manifesto did not have offset the fugitive upon the revolutionaries suggested in earlier source material. Saxon arms race not your be foisted upon the ready arms of England. We therefore cannot share your website in a french general moreau on! Prince was philip, is selected screen incoming calls, dies after a new duke.
    [Show full text]
  • King Louis XVI
    Monday, February 13, 2017 King Louis XVI Absolute Monarch of France, 1774-1789 - Nineteen years old when he acceded to the throne - Had lots of responsibilities because the government was deeply in debt - He felt extremely unqualified (with good reason) to resolve to situation - As king, he focused primarily on religious freedom and foreign policy - He had intellectual ability, but no firmness and decisiveness - His desire to be loved by his people is evident in the prefaces of many of his edicts that would often explain the nature and good intention of his actions as benefitting the people - Determined to be a good king, so he appointed an experienced advisor named Jean- Frédéric Phélypeaux (comte de Maurepas) who took charge of many important ministerial functions - Signing of the Edict of Versailles • Granted non-Roman Catholics civil and legal status in France and the legal right to practice their faiths • Did not legally proclaim freedom of religion in France, but was an important step in eliminating religious tensions and officially ended religious persecution - Because he became unpopular to both the commoners and the aristocracy, he was only able to impose his decisions and reforms for only a very short amount of time, before revoking them - Louis XVI’s attempts to control the Third Estate resulted in the Tennis Court Oath, the declaration of the National Constituent Assembly, and eventually the Storming of the Bastille Foreign Policy - Louis XVI was persuaded by Pierre Beaumarchais in 1776 to send supplies, ammunition, and guns to
    [Show full text]
  • Political Conspiracy in Napoleonic France Kelly Diane Jernigan Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2015 Political Conspiracy in Napoleonic France Kelly Diane Jernigan Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Jernigan, Kelly Diane, "Political Conspiracy in Napoleonic France" (2015). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1198. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1198 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. POLITICAL CONSPIRACY IN NAPOLEONIC FRANCE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of History by Kelly D. Jernigan B.A., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2002 M.A., Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 2007 May 2015 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research and writing that went into this dissertation may have been my own personal projects, but throughout the process, I recognized that I had a whole team of people working alongside me. Without them, I never would have pushed myself so hard and I probably would not have finished my degree. I will be eternally grateful for their support. To start, I want to recognize the contributions of my two-year-old daughter Mileena. I will always remember you sitting with me so you could “help Mommy work.” When you took over my laptop, you never deleted any chapters, for which I am grateful.
    [Show full text]
  • Intellectuals, the Press, and the Dreyfus Affair
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Honors Program in History (Senior Honors Theses) Department of History April 2008 The Affair or the State: Intellectuals, the Press, and the Dreyfus Affair David Rimoch University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors Rimoch, David, "The Affair or the State: Intellectuals, the Press, and the Dreyfus Affair" (2008). Honors Program in History (Senior Honors Theses). 8. https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors/8 A Senior Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Honors in History. Faculty Advisor: Kristen Stromberg Childers This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors/8 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Affair or the State: Intellectuals, the Press, and the Dreyfus Affair Abstract In his introduction to The Age of Revolution historian Eric Hobsbawm considers "a few English words which were invented, or gained their modern meanings, substantially in the period" between 1789 and 1848. The list includes 'capitalism', 'socialism', 'aristocracy', 'liberal', 'conservative', 'nationality', 'crisis', 'journalism', and 'ideology'. For Hobsbawm, "To imagine the modern world without these words (i.e. without the things and concepts for which they provide names) is to measure the profundity of the revolution which broke out between 1789 and 1848, and forms the greatest transformation in human history since the remote times when men invented agriculture and metallurgy, writing, the city and the state." This analysis is relevant when thinking of the Dreyfus case. To imagine the Affair without words such as 'capitalism', 'aristocracy', 'nationality', 'crisis', or 'ideology', is not hard, it is impossible.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dreyfus Affair in Spain: Zola and the Rise of the Intellectual in Spain
    THE DREYFUS AFFAIR IN SPAIN: ZOLA AND THE RISE OF THE INTELLECTUAL IN SPAIN _______________ A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts _______________ By Bethany Joy B. Hood May, 2017 i THE DREYFUS AFFAIR IN SPAIN: ZOLA AND THE RISE OF THE INTELLECTUAL IN SPAIN _______________ An Abstract of a Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts _______________ By Bethany Joy B. Hood May, 2017 iii ABSTRACT This thesis briefly examines the influence of the Dreyfus Affair in Spain, specifically examining how Émile Zola and the development of the French intellectual directly influenced the creation of a Spanish intellectual movement at the end of the nineteenth century. By examining primary sources like Spanish newspapers and letters written to and from Zola, it seeks to add to the historiographical discussion of the Dreyfus Affair by tracing the role of Zola in Spanish conversations surrounding the Affair. Emboldened by Zola, Spanish intellectuals then used the Dreyfus Affair as a platform to promote their own ideological visions of Spain. Specifically, Spanish intellectuals sought Spanish social and political reform in an corrupt, established two-party political system, publically denouncing the failures of the ruling Spanish regime. It also compares both French and Spanish public sentiment surrounding the Affair, primarily examining urban middle class intellectuals residing in Barcelona, Madrid, Cádiz, and Paris. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign, Black, and Jewish Troops in the French Military, 1715-1831
    NATIONALIZING FRANCE’S ARMY Winner of the Walker Cowen Memorial Prize for an outstanding work of scholarship in eighteenth- century studies NATIONALIZING FRANCE’S ARMY Foreign, Black, and Jewish Troops in the French Military, 1715–1831 Christopher J. tozzi University of Virginia Press Charlottesville and london University of Virginia Press © 2016 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper First published 2016 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 library of Congress Cataloging- in- publiCation data names: Tozzi, Christopher J., 1986– author. title: Nationalizing France’s Army : foreign, Black, and Jewish troops in the French military, 1715–1831 / Christopher J. Tozzi. other titles: Foreign, Black, and Jewish troops in the French military, 1715–1831 desCription: Charlottesville : University of Virginia Press, [2016] | Series: Winner of the Walker Cowen Memorial Prize for an outstanding work of scholarship in eighteenth- century studies | Includes bibliographical references and index. identifiers: lCCn 2015035152| isbn 9780813938332 (cloth : alk. paper) | isbn 9780813938349 (ebook) subJeCts: lCsh: France—History, Military—1789–1815. | France. Armée— History—18th century. | Jewish soldiers—France—History. | Soldiers, Black— France—History. | Mercenary troops—France—History. | Foreign enlistment— France—History. | Napoleonic Wars, 1800–1815—Participation, Foreign. | France. Armée—History—19th century. | France—History, Military—1715–1789. ClassifiCation: lCC dC152.5
    [Show full text]