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Napoleonic Scholarship The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society No. 8 December 2017 J. David Markham Wayne Hanley President Editor-in-Chief Napoleonic Scholarship: The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society December 2017 Illustrations Front Cover: Very rare First Empire cameo snuffbox in burl wood and tortoise shell showing Napoleon as Caesar. Artist unknown. Napoleon was often depicted as Caesar, a comparison he no doubt approved! The cameo was used as the logo for the INS Congress in Trier in 2017. Back Cover: Bronze cliché (one sided) medal showing Napoleon as First Consul surrounded by flags and weapons over a scene of the Battle of Marengo. The artist is Bertrand Andrieu (1761-1822), who was commissioned to do a very large number of medallions and other work of art in metal. It is dated the year X (1802), two years after the battle (1800). Both pieces are from the David Markham Collection. Article Illustrations: Images without captions are from the David Markham Collection. The others were provided by the authors. 2 Napoleonic Scholarship: The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society December 2017 Napoleonic Scholarship THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NAPOLEONIC SOCIETY J. DAVID MARKHAM, PRESIDENT WAYNE HANLEY, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF EDNA MARKHAM, PRODUCTION EDITOR Editorial Review Committee Rafe Blaufarb Director, Institute on Napoleon and the French Revolution at Florida State University John G. Gallaher Professor Emeritus, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, Chevalier dans l'Ordre des Palmes Académiques Alex Grab Professor of History, University of Maine Romain Buclon Université Pierre Mendès-France Maureen C. MacLeod Assistant Professor of History, Mercy College Wayne Hanley Editor-in-Chief and Professor of History, West Chester University J. David Markham President, International Napoleonic Society, Chevalier dans l'Ordre des Palmes Académiques Napoleonic Scholarship is a production of the International Napoleonic Society. For further information on the INS, contact J. David Markham, 81 Navy Wharf Court, Suite 3315, Toronto, ON M5V 3S2, CANADA, Phone: (416) 342-8081, Fax: (416) 368-2887 Email: [email protected] Web: www.napoleonicsociety.com The INS is registered with and recognized by the government of Canada. All rights reserved. ©2018 The International Napoleonic Society. Scholars from the following countries are Fellows of our Society: 3 Napoleonic Scholarship: The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society December 2017 Contents Illustrations .......................................................................................................................... 2 International Napoleonic Society Aims and Goals ................................................................. 5 Message from the President ................................................................................................... 6 Message from the Editor-in-Chief. ......................................................................................... 7 List of Contributors .............................................................................................................. 8 Peter Hicks, Who was Barry Edward O’Meara? .................................................................... 10 Alasdair White, Of Myths and Memories … and Historical Documents about the Battle of Waterloo ..................................................................................................................... 32 Marina Ortiz, Rome Undone: Competing Views and Aligning Rhetoric Concerning the Despoliation of Italy ........................................................................................................ 39 James Hurst, Killing in a Sepia Twilight: A “New” 200-Year-Old Waterloo Painting .......... 47 William L. Chew III, From Our Correspondent: Top U.S Diplomat Witnesses Return of Emperor ...................................................................................................................... 61 Susan P. Conner, Arms and the Woman: One Queen and Some Wives, Whores, and Others in Prussia, 1806-1815 ........................................................................................... 77 Romain Buclon, The Grand Duchy of Berg: From Murat to Napoleon ................................... 87 Karolina Stefanski, Paris to Kassel: Adaptation and Transformation of French Empire Style in Silver from the Kingdom of Westphalia (1807-1813) ................................ 93 Eugene Chalvardjian, Reorganization of the French Army under Napoleon ........................... 104 Kevin Broucke, Spearhead to Victory: Marshal Jean Lannes and the Reserve Corps at the Battle of Friedland, 14 June 1807 .............................................................................. 115 Liudmila Sakharova, The Saber of Napoleon ....................................................................... 137 Historic Documents ........................................................................................................... 141 Fouché Justifies Bonaparte’s Brumaire Coup..........................................................142 The Treaty of Lunéville 1801..................................................................................148 Ode on the Occasion of the Peace of Lunéville ........................................................158 Ode on the War Between France and England........................................................177 Nouvelles Officielles 31 March 1814.........................................................................189 Lyon Journal 16 April 1814.....................................................................................223 Lyon Journal 17 April 1814.....................................................................................235 Call For Articles ................................................................................................................. 256 INS Congresses .................................................................................................................. 258 Instructions to Authors ...................................................................................................... 260 4 Napoleonic Scholarship: The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society December 2017 International Napoleonic Society Aims and Goals ➢ The purpose of the International Napoleonic Society is to promote the study of the Napoleonic Era in accordance with proper academic standards. To this end, the goal of the International Napoleonic Society is to gather the leading minds in this field for the purpose of creating, reviewing, commenting upon, making awards to, and financially supporting Napoleonic Scholarship. ➢ The International Napoleonic Society will sponsor periodic International Napoleonic Congresses to give scholars and students the opportunity to meet and share the results of their research and studies. These Congresses will be held throughout the world. To date, Congresses have been held in Italy, Israel, Georgia, France, Poland, Canada, Malta, The Netherlands, Russia, Cuba and Belgium, and have attracted some of the world’s foremost Napoleonic Scholars. We may also sponsor and support smaller meetings and/or joint meetings with other scholarly organizations. ➢ The International Napoleonic Society will encourage the publication of work of academic merit. To this end we will provide the opportunity for scholarly articles to be published in our journal, Napoleonic Scholarship, as well as on our website. We may also support the publication of works of academic merit, as well as the reprinting of important material no longer easily available. ➢ It is important that original documents, as well as material available only in languages not commonly read by western scholars, be made available to Napoleonic Scholars. We will therefore encourage and support the translation and/or publication of such materials, including in our journal and on our website. ➢ The INS may sponsor lectures, tours, the granting of scholarships, the production of exhibitions and other displays, and other academic and/or cultural activities as deemed appropriate. 5 Napoleonic Scholarship: The Journal of the International Napoleonic Society December 2017 Message from the President I am very pleased to send you the 2017 INS Journal. I regret that it has been delayed, a situation that is mostly due to me. But I think you will find it well worth the wait. As usual, special thanks go to our editor-in-chief, Wayne Hanley, and our production editor, Edna Markham. Some of these papers were presented at our Congress in Trier, Germany. It was a very successful Congress, largely due to the efforts of Bill Chew. The 2018 Congress was in Vienna, Austria, and was one of the most successful in our history. We owe a debt of gratitude to Ferdi Wöber for his tireless work in making it happen, along with excellent assistance from Allon Klebanoff. Some of those papers will appear in the next issue. As usual, Wayne has assembled an excellent assortment of papers for this issue. But this issue is special for another reason as well. My personal Napoleonic collection includes a very large number of original documents from the period. The INS is undertaking a special project to make these documents available for researchers. Beginning in this issue we are presenting scans of an assortment of documents. Those that are not in English will be translated. Each will have a brief introduction by me as well as an appropriate graphic from my collection. It is my hope that
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