THE KREMLIN PLAYBOOK IN EUROPE The Kremlin Playbook in Europe analyzes the tools and methods used by Russia to exercise its influence on the con- tinent. In particular, it shows how the Kremlin enjoys considerable surrogate power in some countries because of the oligarchization of their governance systems. It also highlights the effect of blinkered national policies which grant Russian capital access to European financial hubs. The report argues for a common transatlantic approach in the face of these threats. The report expands the map of Russia’s footprint built by previous Kremlin Playbooks, which examined Russia’s attempts to capture political and economic decision-making in sixteen European countries, by analyzing Greece and Cyprus. Their strategic location in the southeast of Europe and the eastern Mediterranean, common religious traditions, and historic ties make them an object of influence operations by the Kremlin. Editorial Board: Dr. Ognian Shentov Ruslan Stefanov Martin Vladimirov ISBN: 978-954-477-394-6 © 2020, Center for the Study of Democracy All rights reserved. 5 Alexander Zhendov Str., Sofia 1113 tel.: (+359 2) 971 3000 fax: (+359 2) 971 2233 www.csd.bg,
[email protected] ACKNOWLedGEMenTS he comprehensive systematization of the economic data and key policy findings from CSD’s research on Russian influence was the product of the interdisciplinary expertise of CSD’s programs and the meticulous work of Boyko Todorov from the Southeast Europe TLeadership for Development and Integrity (SELDI). The policy analysis in the report has greatly benefitted from the in-depth discussions with Dr. Michael Carpenter, Senior Director of the Penn Biden Center for Diplomacy and Global Engagement, and his participation in the round table on countering state capture risks and Russian influence in Europe held in Sofia in November 2019.