PhytoKeys 164: 67–114 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.164.55441 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Revisiting the taxonomy of Dioclea and related genera (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), with new generic circumscriptions Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz1, Cristiane Snak1,2 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil 2 Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Rua Cel. Fernandes Martins 270, Progresso, 88790-000, Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil Corresponding author: Luciano P. de Queiroz (
[email protected]) Academic editor: P. Herendeen | Received 17 June 2020 | Accepted 19 August 2020 | Published 21 October 2020 Citation: Queiroz LP, Snak C (2020) Revisiting the taxonomy of Dioclea and related genera (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), with new generic circumscriptions. PhytoKeys 164: 67–114. https://doi.org/10.3897/ phytokeys.164.55441 Abstract The Dioclea clade comprises four genera and aproximately 60 species of the tribe Diocleae: Cleobulia (4 species), Cymbosema (1), Dioclea (ca. 50), Luzonia (1) and Macropsychanthus (3–4). Dioclea has been dem- onstrated to be a non-monophyletic genus, but low sampling in previous phylogenetic studies hampered the adoption of new taxonomic arrangements. We carried out densely sampled phylogenetic analyses of the Dioclea clade using molecular markers that had performed well in previous studies: the ITS and ETS nuclear ribosomal regions and the plastid trnK/matK. Our results support the maintenance of the genera Cleobulia and Cymbosema with their current circumscriptions, but confirmed the polyphyly of Dioclea, with its species falling into three different positions: (1) the puzzling species,Dioclea paniculata, was highly supported as a member of the Galactia clade; (2) Dioclea subg.