Smithsonian Scholarly Press smithsonian contributions to botany • number 110 Smithsonian Plant Collections, Guiana Shield 1985–2014, Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Collections Carol L. Kelloff, Vicki A. Funk, and Sara N. Alexander SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of “diffusing knowledge” was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: “It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge.” This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years in thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to History and Technology Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology In these series, the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press (SISP) publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report on research and collections of the Institution’s museums and research centers. The Smithsonian Contributions Series are distributed via exchange mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Manuscripts intended for publication in the Contributions Series undergo substantive peer review and evaluation by SISP’s Editorial Board, as well as evaluation by SISP for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines (available at https://scholarlypress.si.edu). For fully searchable PDFs of all open access series and publications of the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, visit Open SI at https://opensi.si.edu. SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY • NUMBER 110 Smithsonian Plant Collections, Guiana Shield 1985–2014, Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Collections Carol L. Kelloff, Vicki A. Funk, and Sara N. Alexander Smithsonian Scholarly Press WASHINGTON, D.C. 2019 ABSTRACT Kelloff, Carol L., Vicki A. Funk, and Sara N. Alexander. Smithsonian Plant Collections, Guiana Shield: 1985–2014, Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Collections. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, number 110, x + 360 pages, 1 figure, 16 maps, 4 plates, 2019. — Part I provides the collector’s notes on trips in alphabetical order by collector (with maps). Part II lists collection localities with collection number ranges, habitat descriptions, geographic coordinates, and assisting collectors. Part III lists collections in numerical order with identifica- tions and authors. Part IV lists collections ordered by determined name. Cover image: Savanna by the Kako River near Mount Roraima, Guyana. Photo by Mark Robbins. Credit is given to each photographer on all photographs in this volume, courtesy of the Smith- sonian Institution’s Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program. Maps produced by Sara N. Alexander. Published by SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION SCHOLARLY PRESS P.O. Box 37012, MRC 957, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 https://scholarlypress.si.edu Compilation copyright © 2019 Smithsonian Institution The rights to text and images in this publication, including cover and interior designs, are owned either by the Smithsonian Institution, by contributing authors, or by third parties. Fair use of materials is permitted for personal, educational, or noncommercial purposes. Users must cite author and source of content, must not alter or modify copyrighted content, and must comply with all other terms or restrictions that may be applicable. Users are responsible for securing permission from a rights holder for any other use. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kelloff, Carol Lynn, 1954– author. | Smithsonian Institution. Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program. Title: Smithsonian plant collections, Guiana Shield : 1985–2014, biological diversity of the Guiana Shield collections / Carol L. Kelloff, Vicki A. Funk, and Sara N. Alexander. Description: Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, 2019. | Series: Smithsonian contributions to botany, ISSN 0081-024X ; number 110 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019017031 Subjects: LCSH: Plant diversity—Guiana Highlands. | Plants—Guiana Highlands—Identification. Classification: LCC QK266.8 .K45 2019 | DDC 581.88—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019017031 ISSN: 1938-2812 (online); 0081-024X (print) Publication date (online): 24 May 2019 c The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48–1992. Dedication Thomas H. Hollowell (2 September 1954–25 September 2018) Tom was the data manager for the Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield (BDG) Program from 1996 to 2005, responsible for a database of more than 150,000 records, producing labels, and updating identifications. He coordinated students and volunteers working with the BDG Program and database entry and bar coding of Guiana Shield plant specimens housed in the U.S. National Herbarium and coauthored many BDG publications. While working full time, Tom went back to college at night to pursue a doctoral degree in environmental science and public policy at George Mason University and received his Ph.D. in 2005. As part of his dissertation research, Tom studied fire-disturbed mangrove ecosystems in the Shell Beach area of Guyana. He left BDG and became a key player in the National Museum of Natural History’s Office of Informatics Technology, focusing on the museum’s new database systems. Tragically, Tom was killed by a hit-and-run driver as he bicycled to work. His life touched many people, and he is greatly missed. Contents LIST OF FIGURE AND MAPS ix INTRODUCTION by Vicki A. Funk and Carol L. Kelloff 1 The Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program 1 Biographical Sketches of the Collectors 4 Format of Collection Information 8 Contributors of Identifications 8 Collections of Special Interest 13 Acknowledgments 20 References 20 I. EXPEDITION NARRATIVES AND MAPS 23 Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez 23 Trip 1: Guyana – Karanambu Ranch; Surama and Karasabai Villages 23 Trip 2: French Guiana – Piste de St. Elie, ORSTOM Biological Field Station 25 Trip 3: French Guiana – Suriname and the Suriname–Brazil Border 25 Trip 4: French Guiana – ORSTOM Biological Field Station 25 Trip 5: French Guiana – Aratai River, Montagnes de Kaw 25 Trip 6: Suriname – Sipaliwini: Kabalebo Nature Reserve 25 Trip 7: French Guiana – Auberge des Chutes Voltaire 25 Teuvo “Ted” Ahti 28 Trip 8: Guyana – Soesdyke–Linden Highway, Georgetown Botanical Garden, Kaieteur National Park, Paramakatoi, Para Mountain, Kato Village 28 John Boggan 28 Trip 9: French Guiana – Montagnes de Kaw 28 Andre Chanderbali 28 Trip 10: Guyana – Essequibo River, Berbice River, CEIBA Biological Center, Butakari Logging Concession, and Mahdia 28 Trip 11: Guyana – Iwokrama Rainforest Reserve 32 Trip 12: Guyana – Karanambu, Mabura Hill, Kamarang, and Membarau Mountain 32 Trip 13: Guyana – Paruima Mission and Corentyne River 32 Eric Christenson 32 Trip 14: Guyana – Mabura Hill and Kaieteur National Park 32 vi • CONTENTS Keith David 34 Trip 15: Guyana – Amatuk Falls 34 Paula T. Depriest 34 Trip 16: Guyana – Mabura Hill and Kaieteur National Park 34 Trip 17: Guyana – International Cryptogamic Expedition to Guyana, February 1996: Paramakatoi and Kaieteur National Park 34 Trip 18: Guyana – 1997 Cryptogamic Collecting Trip to Paruima 36 Christiane Ehringhaus 36 Trip 19: Guyana – Iwokrama Rainforest Reserve, St. Nicholas Mission, Manawarin River 36 Trip 20: Guyana – Pomeroon, Issororo, and Akawaini Rivers 37 Christian Feuillet 37 Trip 21: French Guiana – Montagne Tortue 37 Trip 22: Guyana – Karanambu, Surama 37 Vicki A. Funk 38 Trip 23: Guyana – Iwokrama and Kaieteur National Park 38 Thomas J. Givnish 38 Trip 24: Guyana – Kaieteur National Park 38 Susan Grose-Heydler 38 Trip 25: Guyana – Kaieteur National Park 38 William J. “Bill” Hahn 38 Trip 26: French Guiana – Pointe Diamant, Saül 38 Trip 27: French Guiana – Piste de St. Elie 38 Trip 28: Guyana – Lama Conservancy, Timehri Airport 38 Trip 29: Guyana – Maikwak, Mount Kopinang, Kaieteur National Park 41 Trip 30: Guyana – Soesdyke–Linden Highway, Te Huis te Coverden 41 Trip 31: Guyana – University of Guyana Campus, Georgetown 41 Trip 32: Guyana – Kartabo and Kyk-Over-Al Island 41 Trip 33: Guyana – Kako River, Roraima 42 Trip 34: Guyana – Kato, Paramakatoi 42 Trip 35: Guyana – Mabura Hill, Orinduik Falls 42 Elizabeth M. Harris 42 Trip 36: Guyana – Rupununi Savanna, Weri-Mur 42 Steven Hill 42 Trip 37: Guyana – Georgetown, Soesdyke–Linden Highway, Mahaica River, Dadanawa, Rupununi Savanna 42 Thomas H. Hollowell 45 Trip 38: Guyana – Shell Beach, CEIBA Biological Center 45 Trip 39: Guyana – Shell Beach, Waini Peninsula 45 Trip 40: Guyana – Essequibo Island, Santa Rosa, Onderneeming, CEIBA Biological Center, Linden, Hosororo 47 Trip 41: Guyana – Waini Peninsula, Port Kumaka, “Kissing Rock” Creek 47 Trip 42: Guyana – Barima-Waini, Waini Peninsula 47 Trip 43: Guyana – Waini Peninsula, Waini River, Wauna Oil Palm Estate 48 Charles N. Horn 48 Trip 44: Guyana – Tapacuma Creek to