The Smpn 10 Student's Reading Ability a Thesis by Lina Sri
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THE SMPN 10 STUDENT’S READING ABILITY A THESIS BY LINA SRI RAHAYU REG. NO. 130705057 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 1 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 4 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, LINA SRI RAHAYU, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AOTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAIN NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : …………………………. Date : February, 07th 2019 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : LINA SRI RAHAYU TITLE OF THESIS : THE SMPN 10 STUDENT’S READING ABILITY QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THIS THESIS OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : ……………………….. Date : February, 07th 2019 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDMENTS Alhamdulillah, in the name of Allah SWT, the writer would like thank to Allah SWT, for all the merciful and blessing that I have and for the chance and power that given to me to complete this thesis. Praises and greets to our prophet Muhammad SAW who brought us to the luminous era and lead to the goodness of mankind. My sincere gratitude are given to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. , the Head and Secretary of English Department, Prof. Hj. T. Silvana Sinar, MA, Ph.D. and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti M.A., Ph.D. for all of the facilities and opportunities given to me during the study. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor and co-supervisor, Dr. Roswita Silalahi, Dip. TESOL., M. Hum. and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti M.A., Ph.D. for the guidance, support, advice, and constructive comments during the writing of this thesis. I also would like to thank all lecturers of English Department who have shared their excessive knowledge and for their contribution during the academic years. Thanks are expressed to my beloved parents, Junedi (alm) and Supatmi and also my beloved brother , Ahmad Supandi for giving the writer an endless support, love, caring and attention. The other special thanks to my beloved husband mas Agus Cahyono, who always supports and gives me love, attention, accompany me in happiness and sadness in completing this thesis. I am really grateful to have families supporting me in the process of finishing this thesis. For their caring, support and love, I really thank them. A really big thank to my best friends Wilantika Daulay, Wulandari, Tammy Fahar Nasution, Mira Aprianti, Anggita Dwi Putri and Dini Aulia who always give iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA me spirit, motivation, information, and always support me to finish this thesis. And I am really sorry if may be I forget to mention some names here. I thank Drs. Rajo Batubara, M.Pd as the headmaster and Erita Tampubolon S. Pd as English teacher of SMPN 10 Medan. Finally I admit that this thesis far from being perfect. Thus any comment, suggestion, and criticism will be humbly accepted. I hope this thesis will be useful for everyone who wants to increase the knowledge about reading ability. May Allah SWT bless us. Aamiin. Medan, February 07th 2019 The writer LINA SRI RAHAYU Reg. No. 130705057 iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Skripsi yang berjudul The SMPN 10 Student’s Reading Ability merupakan suatu penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca siswa dan penyebab siswa sulit memahami teks bahasa Inggris. Para siswa memiliki kesulitan dalam memahami teks bahasa Inggris dan mereka berfikir bahwa bahasa Inggris itu sulit dan membosankan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan sebuah teknik, yaitu model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Teams Achievement Division) sebagai teknik pengajaran untuk membantu siswa dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca mereka. Melalui teknik ini, siswa dapat lebih termotivasi di dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Selain itu, peneliti juga menggunakan teknik wawancara untuk mengetahui penyebab sulit memahami teks bahasa Inggris. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Classroom Action Research. Metode ini terdiri dari 2 sesi yaitu pre-test dan post-test yang terdiri dari planning, acting, observing, dan reflecting. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan kelas dan tes yang dilaksanakan. Peneliti mengambil satu kelas 9A SMPN 10 Medan sebagai objek penelitian yang terdiri dari 42 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa dengan menerapkan teknik STAD ada peningkatan pada kemampuan membaca siswa. Itu dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata pada sesi pre-test adalah 69 wpm (Words Per Minute) dan hanya 7% siswa yang dapat mencapai target yang ditentukan, yaitu 110-120 wpm dan meningkat menjadi 88% siswa dengan nilai rata-rata 146 wpm pada sesi post-test. Kata kunci: Kemampuan membaca, classroom action research, model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This thesis entitled The SMP 10 Student's Reading Ability is a research to know the student‟s reading ability and the causes of students difficult to understand English text. The students have difficulties in understanding English text and they think that English is difficult and boring. In this study, the researcher used a technique cooperative learning model type STAD (Student Teams Achievement Division) as teaching technique to help the students improve their reading ability. Through this technique, students can be more motivated in learning English. In addition, the researcher also use interview technique to find out the causes of difficulty in understanding English text. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research. This method consists of two sessions, namely pre- test and post-test that consists of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The data of the research was obtained from the results of classroom observation of and tests carried out. The researcher take one class 9A of SMPN 10 Medan as an object of this research that consist of 42 students. Based on the results of this research, shows that by applying the technique of STAD there is an improvement on the student‟s reading ability. It can be seen from the mean score of pre-test test session is 69 wpm (Words Per Minute) and only 7% of students who can reach the specified target, that is 110-120 wpm and be increase 88% of students with the mean score is 146 wpm on a post-test session. Keywords: Reading ability, classroom action research, cooperative learning model type STAD. vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION .............................................................................. i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ......................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................. iii ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. v ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLE.................................................................................................. xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of The Study ......................................... 1 1.2. Problem of The Study .............................................. 3 1.3. Objective of The Study ............................................ 4 1.4. Scope of The Study .................................................. 4 1.5. Significance of The Study ........................................ 4 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITARETURE 2.1. Concept of Reading .................................................. 5 2.2. Definition of Reading ............................................... 7 vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.3. Reading Ability ......................................................... 8 2.3.1. Definition of Reading Ability ................................... 8 2.3.2. Level of Reading Ability .......................................... 9 2.4. Measuring Reading Ability ..................................... 10 2.5. Reading Comprehension ......................................... 11 2.6. Phase in Reading ..................................................... 13 2.7. Models of Reading .................................................. 13 2.8. Technique of Reading ............................................. 15 2.9. Causes of Difficulty in Understanding Text ........... 16 2.9.1. Learner‟s Background ............................................. 17 2.9.2. Teaching Technique ................................................ 19 2.9.3. Learner‟s Environment ........................................... 19 2.10. Cooperative Learning Model Type STAD ............. 21 2.11. Previous Related Studies ........................................ 24 viii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH 3.1. Research Design ....................................................